A comprehensive drainage and waterproofing structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas

Abstract

A comprehensive drainage and waterproofing structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas, belonging to the field of railway tunnel technology, includes symmetrically arranged water collection troughs on both sides inside the tunnel and seepage troughs inside the tunnel lining joints. The water collection troughs include drainage ditches. Through the water collection troughs, drainage ditches, and triggering structure, when the device is in use, water flows into the water collection troughs. When the accumulated water in the troughs reaches a certain weight, it opens the impact section, allowing water to drain into the drainage ditch. Since the triggering structure is a unidirectional flow structure, it closes when there is no water in the water collection troughs or the accumulated water weight is insufficient, effectively preventing backflow of groundwater from outside the tunnel. Simultaneously, the drainage action is triggered entirely by the gravity of the accumulated water, requiring no external power such as electricity or hydraulics. This is suitable for situations with unstable temporary power supply during tunnel construction and avoids drainage interruptions caused by power outages during operation. It can operate stably throughout the tunnel's entire life cycle and is suitable for complex site conditions in water-rich areas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway tunnel technology, specifically to a comprehensive drainage and waterproofing structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas. Background Technology

[0002] Railway tunnels are passageways specifically designed for train transport. When railways traverse mountainous regions, due to limited traction capacity and maximum gradient requirements, it is necessary to overcome elevation obstacles. Excavating tunnels to cross mountains is a reasonable choice, as it shortens the track, reduces gradient, improves operating conditions, and increases traction capacity.

[0003] Existing railway tunnels in water-rich areas typically have drainage structures on both sides. However, traditional drainage structures mostly rely on gravity flow at a fixed slope or forced drainage by electric pumps. Water cannot drain naturally from areas without slope, and electric pumps require electricity and are prone to failure. During tunnel construction, unstable temporary power supply, or power outages during operation, drainage interruptions are highly likely, leading to overflow of the water collection chamber, a sudden increase in water pressure at the base, and the risk of water inrush. Based on the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention designs a comprehensive drainage and waterproofing structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a comprehensive drainage structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas, which has the advantages of autonomous and non-powered drainage triggered by the weight of accumulated water, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a comprehensive drainage and waterproofing structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas, comprising water collection channels symmetrically arranged on both sides inside the tunnel and seepage channels arranged inside the tunnel lining joints, wherein the water collection channels include: The drainage ditch is buried at the bottom center of the tunnel, with multiple connection holes on both sides that connect to the drainage path. Multiple triggering structures include multiple sets of fixed rings arranged symmetrically along the tunnel axis, a side arm sealed to the cavity where the fixed rings are installed, multiple fixed rings with sliding pipes connected to their sides, and a collar connected to the side near the drainage ditch by a stainless steel spring, with an impact part connected to the inner side of the collar that slides with the sliding pipe, and multiple collars having a diameter smaller than the fixed rings. The seepage trough is connected to the water collection trough at both ends.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a sealing ring is connected to the side of the collar near the impact part, and the sealing ring is used to ensure the sealing between the sliding tube and the cavity inside the tunnel.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water collection tank is provided with symmetrical inner grooves inside, and the inner grooves on both sides are connected to the drainage ditch.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tops of the two water collection tanks are provided with a walking structure, and the two walking structures include a walking drain body.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two walking pump bodies are symmetrically provided with arc lines on both sides of their tops for guiding water flow.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the two walking column bodies are provided with a drain outlet located between the two arc lines and connected to the water collection tank.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the inner grooves on both sides are internally connected to the trigger structure, and the number of connecting pipes is the same as that of the trigger structure. The right side of the multiple connecting pipes is connected to a corrugated pipe that communicates with the connecting hole.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it also includes three sets of warning structures: each set includes at least three side rods installed on the inner wall of the water collection tank.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a limiting ring is connected between the plurality of side rods, and a float is slidably fitted inside the plurality of limiting rings.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a float ball is connected to the bottom of the plurality of floats, a scale line is provided on the outer side of the plurality of floats, and a brightly colored warning ball is connected to the top of the plurality of floats.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This integrated drainage and waterproofing structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas comprises a water collection trough, a drainage ditch, and a triggering structure. When the device is in use, water flows into the water collection trough. When the water inside the trough reaches a certain weight, it opens the impact section, allowing water to drain into the drainage ditch. Since the triggering structure is a unidirectional flow structure, it closes when there is no water in the water collection trough or the water weight is insufficient, effectively preventing backflow of groundwater outside the tunnel. At the same time, the drainage action is triggered entirely by the gravity of the accumulated water, without the need for external power such as electricity or hydraulics. It is suitable for the unstable temporary power supply during tunnel construction and avoids drainage interruptions caused by power outages during operation. It can work stably throughout the entire life cycle of the tunnel and is suitable for complex site conditions in water-rich areas. 2. This integrated drainage and waterproofing structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas features a warning structure. When the water in the collection tank gradually increases, the float design can cause the float rod to float up. At this time, the staff can observe the length of the warning ball extending from the main body of the walking drain through the tunnel monitoring system to judge the drainage situation in the tunnel, which facilitates maintenance and troubleshooting. 3. This integrated waterproofing and drainage structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas uses seepage channels to receive water seeping into the tunnel from lining joints, minor cracks in the secondary lining, and the junction of the sidewall and the foundation, allowing all seepage water to enter the drainage ditch. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the water collection tank structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting pipe structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the walking structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the water collection tank structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the triggering structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the drainage ditch structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the warning structure of the present invention.

[0017] In the diagram: 1. Water collection tank; 2. Water seepage tank; 3. Inner tank; 4. Drainage ditch; 41. Connecting hole; 5. Walking structure; 51. Walking drain body; 52. Curved line; 53. Drain outlet; 6. Triggering structure; 61. Fixing ring; 62. Sliding tube; 63. Stainless steel spring; 64. Collar; 65. Impact part; 66. Sealing ring; 7. Connecting pipe; 8. Corrugated pipe; 9. Warning structure; 91. Side rod; 92. Limiting ring; 93. Float rod; 94. Float ball; 95. Scale line; 96. Warning ball. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Please see Figures 1-8A comprehensive drainage and waterproofing structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas includes a water collection trough 1 and a seepage trough 2. The water collection trough 1 has multiple sets of symmetrically designed cavities inside, and each cavity is equipped with a triggering structure 6. The multiple triggering structures 6 include a fixing ring 61, a sliding tube 62 connected to the side of the multiple fixing rings 61, a stainless steel spring 63 connected to the outer surface of the multiple sliding tubes 62, a collar 64 installed at the end of the multiple stainless steel springs 63, an impact part 65 connected to the inner side of the multiple collars 64 for sliding cooperation with the sliding tubes 62, and a sealing ring 66 connected to the outer side of the multiple collars 64 for maintaining the seal between the sliding tubes 62 and the cavity. It also includes a drainage ditch 4 buried at the centerline of the bottom of the tunnel, and multiple connection holes 41 connected to the drainage path are opened on both sides of the drainage ditch 4.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-3 The inner bottom plate of the water collection tank 1 is symmetrically excavated with inner grooves 3. Both sides of the inner grooves 3 are connected to the drainage ditch 4 located in the center. The setting of the inner grooves 3 forms a secondary water guiding channel from both sides of the water collection tank to the central drainage ditch.

[0021] Please see Figures 3-4 A walking structure 5 is erected on top of two water collection tanks 1. These two walking structures 5 include walking column bodies 51. Symmetrically formed arc lines 52 with a specific curvature are formed on both sides of the top of the two walking column bodies 51 to effectively guide water flow from the tunnel sidewalls. A drain outlet 53 is opened in the middle area of ​​the two walking column bodies 51, located between the two arc lines 52 and vertically downwards connected to the water collection tanks 1. The arc lines 52 act as guide vanes. They smoothly guide water dripping or splashing from the tunnel sidewalls or arch to the edge of the walking column body 51 and finally into the water collection tanks below, reducing water runoff and splashing on the walking surface. This not only protects the walking surface but also improves the directionality and efficiency of water collection, thus improving the working environment inside the tunnel.

[0022] Please see Figures 3-5 Inside the inner grooves 3 on both sides, there are the same number of connecting pipes 7 as the trigger structure 6, for precise docking with the trigger precision 6. The right outlets of the multiple connecting pipes 7 are connected to flexible corrugated pipes 8, the other end of which connects to the connection hole 41 on the drainage ditch 4. Through the combination of the connecting pipes 7 and the corrugated pipes 8, a flexible and sealed water supply channel is constructed from the trigger structure 6 to the drainage ditch 4.

[0023] Please see Figure 3 and Figure 8The system also includes three sets of distributed warning structures 9: each set of warning structures 9 includes at least three side rods 91 evenly arranged on the inner wall of the water collection tank 1. Limiting rings 92 are equally spaced between the side rods 91, and floats 93, which can float freely up and down, are slidably fitted into the internal circular holes of the limiting rings 92. A float ball 94, providing the main buoyancy, is fixedly connected to the bottom of each float 93. Clear scale lines 95 are etched on the outer sides of the floats 93 to indicate the water depth. Brightly colored warning balls 96 are inserted into the tops of the floats 93. The floats 93 provide reliable upward buoyancy, ensuring an immediate response when the water level rises. The scale lines 95 provide a semi-quantitative reading of the water depth. The brightly colored warning balls 96 at the top greatly enhance visibility, especially facilitating remote identification by monitoring cameras deployed within the tunnel. Working principle: When a comprehensive drainage and waterproofing structure for railway tunnels in water-rich areas is used, the dripping water from the tunnel sidewalls and top is first guided and falls directly into the collection trough 1 below through the arc line 52 and the drain outlet 53. Since the seepage trough 2 is connected to the collection trough 1, and the inner groove 3 at the bottom of the collection trough 1 guides the collected water to converge towards the center, the water pressure acts on the impact part 65 of the triggering structure 6. When the water pressure is sufficient to overcome the preload of the stainless steel spring 63, the impact part 65 is opened, and the collar 64 connected to it slides accordingly, thereby opening the drainage path composed of the collection trough 1, the inner groove 3, the triggering structure 6, and the connecting pipe 7. Under the action of its own weight and water pressure, the water flows into the drainage ditch 4 located at the center line of the tunnel bottom through the opened path, and is finally guided to the drainage system outside the tunnel through the connection hole 41 of the drainage ditch 4. When drainage causes the water level in the collection trough 1 to drop, the water... When the pressure is insufficient, the stainless steel spring 63 will pull the collar 64 and the impact part 65 back to their original positions. The impact part 65 will re-seal and contact the sliding tube 62. At the same time, the sealing ring 66 on the collar 64 ensures the airtightness of the sliding tube 62 interface, thereby automatically closing the drainage channel and completely preventing backflow of groundwater or drainage ditches outside the tunnel. Finally, the water accumulation in the water collection tank 1 can be observed through the warning structure 9. When the water level in the water collection tank 1 rises, the float 94 at the bottom provides buoyancy, pushing the float 93 with scale lines 95 to rise vertically along the limit ring 92. The brightly colored warning ball 96 at the top of the float 93 will rise accordingly. The staff can visually read the water level by inspecting the scale lines 95 or remotely observe the height of the warning ball 96 through the tunnel monitoring system, thereby judging the water accumulation in each section of the water collection tank 1 and the working status of the entire drainage system, promptly identifying potential problems, and facilitating preventive maintenance and troubleshooting.

[0024] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0025] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A comprehensive waterproof and drainage structure of a water-rich section railway tunnel, comprising a water collecting groove (1) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the tunnel and a water seepage groove (2) arranged in the joint of the tunnel lining, characterized in that: The water collection tank (1) includes the following components: A drainage ditch (4) is buried at the center of the bottom of the tunnel, with multiple connecting holes (41) on both sides that connect to the drainage path. Multiple triggering structures (6) include multiple sets of fixing rings (61) arranged symmetrically along the tunnel axis. The side arm is sealed to the cavity where the fixing rings (61) are installed. The sides of the multiple fixing rings (61) are connected to sliding tubes (62), and a collar (64) is connected to the side near the drainage ditch (4) by a stainless steel spring (63). The inner side of the collar (64) is connected to an impact part (65) that slides with the sliding tube (62). The diameter of the multiple collars (64) is smaller than that of the fixing rings (61). The bottom of the seepage trough (2) is connected to the water collection trough (1) at both ends.

2. The comprehensive waterproof and drainage structure of a water-rich site railway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collar (64) is connected to a sealing ring (66) on the side near the impact part (65). The sealing ring (66) is used to ensure the sealing between the sliding tube (62) and the cavity inside the tunnel.

3. The integrated waterproof and drainage structure of a water-rich site railway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water collection tank (1) has symmetrically arranged inner grooves (3), and the inner grooves (3) on both sides are connected to the drainage ditch (4).

4. The integrated waterproof and drainage structure of a water-rich site railway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the two water collection tanks (1) is provided with a walking structure (5), and the two walking structures (5) include a walking drain body (51).

5. The integrated waterproof and drainage structure of a water-rich site railway tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The two walking column bodies (51) are symmetrically provided with arc lines (52) on both sides of the top for guiding water flow.

6. The comprehensive waterproof and drainage structure of a water-rich site railway tunnel according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two walking column bodies (51) have a drain outlet (53) located between the two arc lines (52) and connected to the water collection tank (1).

7. The integrated waterproof and drainage structure of a water-rich site railway tunnel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner grooves (3) on both sides are connected to the trigger structure (6) with the same number of connecting pipes (7). The right side of the multiple connecting pipes (7) is connected to a corrugated pipe (8) that communicates with the connecting hole (41).

8. The integrated waterproof and drainage structure of a water-rich site railway tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes three sets of warning structures (9): each set includes at least three side bars (91) installed on the inner wall of the water collection tank (1).

9. The water-rich site railway tunnel comprehensive waterproof and drainage structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: A limiting ring (92) is connected between the multiple side rods (91), and a float (93) is slidably fitted inside the multiple limiting rings (92).

10. The comprehensive waterproof and drainage structure of a water-rich site railway tunnel according to claim 9, characterized in that: The bottom of the multiple floats (93) is connected to a float ball (94), the outer side of the multiple floats (93) is provided with scale lines (95), and the top of the multiple floats (93) is connected to a brightly colored warning ball (96).

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