Portable solid waste pile multi-parameter environment monitoring system

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of portable solid waste pile multi-parameter environmental monitoring system, belong to environmental monitoring instrument technical field.The system includes: power transmission module, contains reciprocating impact power source and force transmission adapter;Sectional transmission rod assembly, adjacent rod section is realized the quick electrical conduction of signal channel by automatic docking terminal;Self-releasing multi-parameter sensing assembly, integration leachate pressure, ion concentration, temperature, moisture state and other monitoring modules, signal processing circuit uses impact-resistant packaging design;Multi-parameter signal processing module, including multichannel analog-digital conversion unit D1, data processing unit D2, storage unit D3, display unit D4 and communication unit D5;Space positioning module;And environmental monitoring cloud platform, with multi-point data three-dimensional space interpolation and pile internal environment state three-dimensional reconstruction function.The system realizes landfill, tailing pond and other solid waste disposal facilities internal environment state fast comprehensive monitoring and three-dimensional visual analysis.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of environmental monitoring instrument technology, specifically relating to a portable system for rapid multi-parameter environmental monitoring inside solid waste disposal facilities such as landfills, tailings ponds, and slag heaps, and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] Environmental monitoring of solid waste disposal facilities is a crucial aspect of pollution prevention and safety management. According to technical specifications such as the "Operation and Management Standard for Sanitary Landfills for Municipal Solid Waste" (GB / T 23857-2009) and the "Pollution Control Standard for Storage and Landfill of General Industrial Solid Waste" (GB 18599-2020), regular environmental monitoring of solid waste disposal facilities such as landfills and tailings ponds is necessary. Monitoring parameters include key indicators such as the liquid level, ion concentration, temperature distribution, and water content of the leachate inside the landfill.

[0003] Leachate level is one of the core indicators for assessing the operational status of a landfill. According to the "Standard for the Supervision and Management of Sanitary Landfill Operations for Municipal Solid Waste" (CJJ / T 212-2015), the leachate level should not exceed 3 meters below the landfill working surface; otherwise, it may lead to safety hazards such as slope instability and damage to the impermeable layer. Leachate ion concentration (usually characterized by electrical conductivity EC) reflects the degree of organic matter degradation and pollutant migration within the landfill. Temperature distribution can indicate anaerobic fermentation activity zones and potential fire risk zones.

[0004] Currently, the main problems with monitoring the internal environment of solid waste piles are as follows: First, traditional borehole sampling methods are costly and time-consuming, with the construction cost of a single monitoring well typically ranging from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of yuan; second, the pre-embedded sensor method can only be applied to newly built facilities and cannot be used to trace and deploy existing facilities in operation; third, there is a lack of spatial analysis and visualization methods for multi-point monitoring data, making it difficult to reflect the spatial distribution patterns of environmental parameters inside the pile; and fourth, there is a lack of portable rapid monitoring equipment, which cannot meet the needs of application scenarios requiring rapid response, such as emergency monitoring and general survey assessment.

[0005] To address the aforementioned issues, some researchers have proposed embedding integrated detection devices inside the reactor core using a powered penetration method. However, this approach faces the following technical challenges when developing into a portable monitoring system: compatibility issues between general-purpose powered tools and dedicated monitoring systems; signal channel connection issues for segmented transmission rods; reliability issues of electronic components under strong impact loads; and three-dimensional spatial analysis of multi-point monitoring data. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems in existing technologies, this invention provides a portable multi-parameter environmental monitoring system for solid waste piles. This system can quickly embed sensing components into the pile using general-purpose power tools to achieve multi-parameter environmental monitoring and perform three-dimensional spatial analysis and visualization of multi-point data through a cloud platform.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a portable multi-parameter environmental monitoring system for solid waste piles, comprising a power transmission module A, a transmission rod assembly B, a self-releasing multi-parameter sensing assembly C, a multi-parameter signal processing module D, a spatial positioning module E, and an environmental monitoring cloud platform F. The overall composition of the system is as follows: Figure 1 As shown.

[0008] The power transmission module A includes a reciprocating impact power source and a force transmission adapter. The reciprocating impact power source can be a commercially available general-purpose power tool such as a handheld electric hammer, hydraulic impact hammer, or pneumatic impact hammer. The function of the force transmission adapter is to transmit the impact force of the power source to the transmission rod assembly without damage, while protecting the signal transmission interface from impact damage. The upper end of the force transmission adapter is designed to match the interface of the power source tool (such as an SDS-max hexagonal handle), and the lower end is designed to have a threaded interface (such as M27×1.5) for connection to the transmission rod assembly. The middle section of the force transmission adapter has a buffer structure and a signal cable through-hole.

[0009] The transmission rod assembly B comprises multiple detachable rod sections, the number of which is determined based on the target monitoring depth. Each rod section is typically 0.5m to 1.5m long, 25mm to 40mm in diameter, and made of 45# steel or 42CrMo alloy steel. Adjacent rod sections are connected by threads (e.g., M27×1.5 tapered threads).

[0010] The key innovation of the transmission rod assembly B lies in the signal channel docking structure at the connection between adjacent rod sections, which enables electrical conduction of signal transmission. The signal channel docking structure can take the following forms: automatic docking terminal type, where spring-loaded gold-plated pins are installed on the end face of each rod section, with corresponding gold-plated contact discs on the opposite side; elastic contact type, where annular elastic contacts are installed on the inner wall of the rod section; magnetic interface type, using a magnetic Pogo pin connector; and reserved connector type, where a standard electrical connector socket is reserved on the end face of the rod section.

[0011] The self-releasing multi-parameter sensing component C is connected to the end of the transmission rod assembly, and its detailed structure is as follows: Figure 2As shown. The sensing component has a multi-level structure with decreasing cross-sectional dimensions along the penetration direction (D1>D2≥D3>D4), including a guide section and a sensing section. A pre-stress-releasing connection structure is provided between the guide section and the sensing section, which can take the form of shear pins, snap ring mechanisms, preloaded threads, or breakable connectors. The sensing section integrates a multi-parameter monitoring module, such as... Figure 3 As shown, it includes a leachate pressure monitoring module 32, a leachate ion concentration monitoring module 33, a temperature monitoring module 34, and a water content determination module 36. The sensing section also includes a signal processing circuit 35, which adopts an impact-resistant encapsulation structure (potting or flexible suspension) to resist reciprocating impact loads.

[0012] The leachate ion concentration monitoring module 33 adopts a multi-electrode configuration, including excitation electrode pairs A and B and response electrode pairs M and N. An insulating isolation section (using high-performance engineering plastics such as PEEK) is provided between the excitation electrode pairs and the response electrode pairs to eliminate the influence of interface polarization effect on measurement accuracy.

[0013] The multi-parameter signal processing module D is the data processing and display unit on the surface side, and its functional block diagram is as follows: Figure 4 As shown. The multi-parameter signal processing module D includes the following functional units: a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit D1, used to simultaneously receive four analog signals from the sensing components—leachate pressure P, ion concentration EC, temperature T, and water content state impedance Z—and convert them into digital signals, using a 24-bit high-precision ADC; a data processing unit D2, using a microcontroller (such as an ARM Cortex-M4) to execute algorithms such as liquid level elevation calculation, ion concentration and temperature compensation, water content state determination, and pollution level assessment; a storage unit D3, used to store raw monitoring data, calculation results, and spatial coordinate information; a display unit D4, used to display the monitoring values ​​and assessment conclusions of each parameter in real time, using a color LCD touch screen; and a communication unit D5, used to communicate with the spatial positioning module E to obtain coordinate information and with the environmental monitoring cloud platform F to upload monitoring data, supporting communication methods such as RS-485, 4G / 5G cellular networks, WiFi, or LoRa.

[0014] The spatial positioning module E is used to acquire the three-dimensional spatial coordinate information of the monitoring point, and can be in the form of an RTK-GNSS receiver (centimeter-level accuracy), a total station or laser rangefinder, an inertial navigation unit (IMU), etc.

[0015] The environmental monitoring cloud platform F is connected to the multi-parameter signal processing module D via wireless communication, and its functional architecture is as follows: Figure 6As shown. The cloud platform mainly includes: a data receiving module F1, which receives on-site monitoring data via 4G / 5G network or WiFi; a spatial analysis module F2, which uses three-dimensional spatial interpolation algorithms (Kriging interpolation, inverse distance weighted interpolation, or radial basis function interpolation) to calculate the parameter distribution within the pile space; a risk assessment module F3, which identifies areas exceeding standards and calculates the contaminated volume; and a report generation module F4, which automatically generates monitoring reports. The cloud platform can generate three-dimensional visualization results such as leachate level isosurfaces, three-dimensional ion concentration distribution maps, and spatial zoning maps of water content.

[0016] The system of this invention can be disassembled into multiple components that can be carried by an operator. The power transmission module A weighs 3-8 kg; each section of the transmission rod assembly B weighs 1-2 kg; the sensing component C weighs 0.5-1 kg; the multi-parameter signal processing module D is handheld and weighs 1-3 kg; the RTK receiver of the spatial positioning module E weighs 1-2 kg. The entire system can be carried by 1-2 operators.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: First, the force transmission adapter enables seamless integration between general-purpose power tools and dedicated monitoring systems; second, the signal channel docking structure enables simultaneous completion of mechanical connection and electrical conduction of the rod sections; third, the modular design of the multi-parameter signal processing module enables the system to have complete data acquisition, processing, storage, display and communication functions; fourth, the three-dimensional spatial analysis function of the cloud platform makes up for the shortcomings of traditional monitoring methods in spatial analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall composition of the system of the present invention. The diagram shows the six main components of the system: power transmission module A, transmission rod assembly B, self-releasing multi-parameter sensing assembly C, multi-parameter signal processing module D, spatial positioning module E, and environmental monitoring cloud platform F, as well as the connection relationships between them.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a self-releasing multi-parameter sensing component C. The diagram shows the guiding segment, gradient segment, sensing segment, and connecting segment connected sequentially along the longitudinal direction of the sensing component, as well as the gradient relationship of cross-sectional dimensions D1>D2≥D3>D4.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the sensing section. The diagram shows in detail the arrangement of the various functional modules inside the sensing section, including the leachate pressure monitoring module 32, the leachate ion concentration monitoring module 33, the temperature monitoring module 34, the water content determination module 36, and the signal processing circuit 35.

[0021] Figure 4This is a functional block diagram of the multi-parameter signal processing module D. The diagram shows five functional units of D: multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit D1, data processing unit D2, storage unit D3, display unit D4, and communication unit D5, as well as four input signals P, EC, T, and Z, and the data stream output to the cloud platform F.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the monitoring method of the present invention. The figure shows the complete sequence of steps from S1 coordinate acquisition, S2 equipment assembly, S3 penetration, S4 guide segment separation, S5 signal acquisition, S6 parameter calculation, S7 data upload to S8 three-dimensional reconstruction.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a functional architecture diagram of the environmental monitoring cloud platform F. The diagram shows the four main functional modules of the cloud platform: data receiving module F1, spatial analysis module F2, risk assessment module F3, and report generation module F4.

[0024] The diagram labels are as follows: A - Power transmission module; B - Transmission rod assembly; C - Self-releasing multi-parameter sensing component; D - Multi-parameter signal processing module; D1 - Multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit; D2 - Data processing unit; D3 - Storage unit; D4 - Display unit; D5 - Communication unit; E - Spatial positioning module; F - Environmental monitoring cloud platform; F1 - Data receiving module; F2 - Spatial analysis module; F3 - Risk assessment module; F4 - Report generation module; 32 - Leachate pressure monitoring module; 33 - Leachate ion concentration monitoring module; 34 - Temperature monitoring module; 35 - Signal processing circuit; 36 - Aqueous state discrimination module; P - Leachate pressure signal; EC - Ion concentration signal; T - Temperature signal; Z - Aqueous state impedance signal; S1 to S8 - Method steps. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] Example 1: Wired Transmission Portable Monitoring System like Figure 1 As shown, the system in this embodiment includes a power transmission module A, a transmission rod assembly B, a sensing assembly C, a multi-parameter signal processing module D, and a spatial positioning module E.

[0027] Power transmission module A uses a commercially available handheld electric hammer as the reciprocating impact power source, model Bosch GBH 8-45 DV, with an impact energy of 12.5J, an impact frequency of 2760 times / minute, and a weight of 8.9kg. The upper end of the force transmission adapter is an SDS-max hexagonal shank, matching the hammer drill chuck; the middle section is a 50mm diameter cylinder with an internal spring buffer structure and a φ12mm signal cable through-hole; the lower end has an M27×1.5 external thread, connecting to the transmission rod assembly. The force transmission adapter is made of 40Cr alloy steel, with a surface hardened finish and a hardness of HRC45-50.

[0028] The transmission rod assembly B consists of 10 sections, each 1000mm long, 32mm outer diameter, and 20mm inner diameter, made of seamless 45# steel tubing, with a single section weighing approximately 1.5kg. The ends of each section are connected using M27×1.5 tapered threads, with an effective thread length of 25mm. The signal channel docking structure employs an automatic docking terminal: one end of each section has four φ1.5mm spring-loaded gold-plated contact pins, with a spring travel of 2mm and a contact force of approximately 0.5N / pin; the other end has four corresponding gold-plated contact discs, each 3mm in diameter with a 2μm gold plating thickness. When the section is tightened, the contact pins contact the contact discs, with the four signal channels (P, EC, T, Z) corresponding to four pairs of contacts.

[0029] like Figure 2 As shown, the dimensions of sensing component C are as follows: guide section D1 = 50mm, transition section D2 = 42mm, sensing section D3 = 42mm, and connecting section D4 = 32mm. The connecting section is connected to the end section of the transmission rod using an M27×1.5 fine thread. The guide section and the transition section are connected by shear pins, with three φ4mm aluminum alloy pins evenly distributed on a 30mm diameter circumference, designed with a separation force of 1500N.

[0030] like Figure 3 As shown, the sensing section integrates: a microporous filter layer (316L stainless steel sintered filter element, pore size 20μm); a leachate pressure monitoring module 32 (diffused silicon pressure sensor, range 0-100kPa, accuracy ±0.25%FS); a leachate ion concentration monitoring module 33 (AMNB four-electrode configuration, excitation electrode is titanium-based iridium dioxide coated electrode, response electrode is pure platinum electrode, insulation isolation section is PEEK material, length 15mm); a temperature monitoring module 34 (PT1000 platinum resistance, accuracy ±0.1℃); a water content determination module 36 (ring stainless steel electrode pair, spacing 5mm); and a signal processing circuit 35 (four-layer PCB, size 30mm×60mm, epoxy resin potting).

[0031] like Figure 4As shown, the multi-parameter signal processing module D adopts an integrated handheld design, with a shell size of 200mm × 120mm × 50mm and a weight of approximately 1.2kg (including battery). The D1 multi-channel analog-to-digital converter uses an ADS1256 chip, with 24-bit resolution, 4-channel synchronous sampling, and a configurable sampling frequency (10Hz / 100Hz / 1kHz). The D2 data processing unit uses an STM32F407 microcontroller with a main frequency of 168MHz, performing liquid level elevation calculation (H=P / (ρg)+h0), temperature compensation calculation (EC25=EC_T / (1+0.02(T-25))), water content determination (Z<10kΩ indicates saturation), and pollution level assessment algorithms. The D3 storage unit uses a W25Q64 Flash chip with a capacity of 8MB, capable of storing approximately 100,000 sets of monitoring data. The D4 display unit uses a 3.5-inch TFT color LCD screen with a resolution of 320×480 and touch operation. The D5 communication unit supports RS-485 wired communication (transmission distance 1200m) and 4G wireless communication (Quectel EC20 module).

[0032] The spatial positioning module E uses a Huace RTK receiver, model i80, dual-frequency GPS / BDS / GLONASS, with RTK horizontal accuracy of ±(8+1×10^-6×D) mm and vertical accuracy of ±(15+1×10^-6×D) mm. The receiver connects to the multi-parameter signal processing module D via Bluetooth to automatically transmit coordinate data.

[0033] Example 2: Wireless Transmission Portable Monitoring System The main difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 lies in the signal transmission method. The sensing component C integrates an additional LoRa wireless transmitter module (SX1278 chip, 433MHz band, 20dBm transmit power) and a lithium battery pack (two 18650 cells in series, 7.4V / 5200mAh). The transmission rod assembly B uses φ32mm solid 45# steel round steel, eliminating the signal channel. The multi-parameter signal processing module D is equipped with a LoRa receiver module to wirelessly receive monitoring data from the sensing component. This wireless transmission version is particularly suitable for applications requiring long-term buried monitoring where maintaining a continuous transmission rod connection is not possible.

[0034] Example 3: Three-dimensional spatial reconstruction of cloud platform A municipal solid waste landfill covers an area of ​​approximately 50,000 m². Sixteen monitoring points (4×4 array) are set up in a 25m×25m grid. Each monitoring point measures three depths (1m, 5m, and 9m from the bottom), and a total of 48 sets of monitoring data are obtained.

[0035] The 3D interpolation processing flow of the F2 spatial analysis module on the cloud platform is as follows: First, 48 sets of monitoring data (including 3D coordinates X, Y, Z and monitoring parameter values) are imported into the spatial database; then, the interpolation grid parameters are set, with a horizontal grid spacing of 5m×5m, a vertical layer spacing of 1m, and a total of approximately 40,000 grid nodes; next, the ordinary Kriging interpolation algorithm is used for 3D spatial interpolation, the variogram model adopts a spherical model, and the range parameters are determined by fitting the variogram; finally, the 3D grid data (NetCDF format) is output for the visualization module to call.

[0036] The 3D visualization results include: leachate level isosurfaces—isosurfaces with leachate level elevations of 10m, 15m, and 20m are extracted and rendered in different colors to visually display the spatial distribution of leachate; ion concentration 3D distribution map—using volume rendering technology, colors are mapped according to conductivity values ​​(blue <2000μS / cm, yellow 2000-10000μS / cm, red >10000μS / cm) to generate a semi-transparent 3D view; and a water-bearing state spatial zoning map—the heap space is divided into saturated (blue) and unsaturated (gray) zones, and the volume of each zone is calculated. The risk assessment module F3 identified two high-concentration zones (EC25 >10000μS / cm), calculated the contaminated volume to be approximately 8500m³, and generated a risk level assessment report.

[0037] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A portable multi-parameter environmental monitoring system for solid waste piles, characterized in that, include: The power transmission module (A) includes a reciprocating impact power source and a force transmission adapter. The force transmission adapter is used to transmit the impact force of the reciprocating impact power source to the transmission rod assembly and to protect the signal transmission interface. The transmission rod assembly (B) includes multiple detachable and connectable rod sections. The connection between adjacent rod sections is provided with a signal channel docking structure. The signal channel docking structure adopts automatic docking terminals, elastic contacts, magnetic interfaces or reserved connectors, which automatically realizes the electrical conduction of signal transmission while the rod sections are mechanically connected. The self-releasing multi-parameter sensing component (C) is connected to the end of the transmission rod assembly and has a multi-stage structure with a decreasing cross-sectional size along the penetration direction, including a guide section and a sensing section. A pre-stress release connection structure is provided between the guide section and the sensing section. The sensing section integrates a multi-parameter monitoring module. The sensing section is equipped with a signal processing circuit (35). The signal processing circuit adopts an impact-resistant encapsulation structure and resists reciprocating impact loads by encapsulating with potting material or by flexible suspension support. The multi-parameter signal processing module (D) is used for multi-channel signal acquisition, parameter calculation, and result output. The spatial positioning module (E) is used to acquire the spatial coordinate information of the monitoring points; The environmental monitoring cloud platform (F) is connected to the multi-parameter signal processing module (D) via wireless communication for multi-point data aggregation, spatial distribution analysis, and monitoring report generation. The environmental monitoring cloud platform (F) includes: a data receiving module (F1) for receiving on-site monitoring data via 4G / 5G network or WiFi; a spatial analysis module (F2) for calculating parameter distribution within the heap space using a three-dimensional spatial interpolation algorithm; a risk assessment module (F3) for identifying areas exceeding standards and calculating pollution volume; and a report generation module (F4) for automatically generating monitoring reports.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-parameter monitoring module includes a leachate pressure monitoring module (32), a leachate ion concentration monitoring module (33), a temperature monitoring module (34), and a water content determination module (36).

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prestress-releasing connection structure adopts one or a combination of the following forms: shear pin, snap ring mechanism, preloaded thread or fractured connector.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring signal of the multi-parameter monitoring module is transmitted to the multi-parameter signal processing module (D) via wired or wireless means.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-parameter signal processing module (D) includes a multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit (D1), a data processing unit (D2), a storage unit (D3), a display unit (D4), and a communication unit (D5).

6. The system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The multi-channel analog-to-digital conversion unit (D1) synchronously acquires analog signals of leachate pressure P, ion concentration EC, temperature T, and water-containing state impedance Z and converts them into digital signals; the data processing unit (D2) performs liquid level elevation calculation, ion concentration temperature compensation, water-containing state determination, and pollution level assessment.

7. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water content determination module (36) adopts the impedance response principle and determines the state of leachate by monitoring the impedance change in the area where the water content determination module (36) is located.

8. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The leachate ion concentration monitoring module (33) adopts a multi-electrode configuration, including an excitation electrode pair and a response electrode pair. An insulating isolation section is provided between the excitation electrode pair and the response electrode pair to eliminate the influence of interface polarization.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental monitoring cloud platform (F) uses the spatial coordinates and monitoring data of multiple monitoring points to construct a three-dimensional distribution model of the internal environmental parameters of the pile body using a three-dimensional spatial interpolation algorithm, and generates leachate level isosurfaces, ion concentration three-dimensional distribution maps, or water-containing state spatial partition maps.

10. The system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, The system's components can be broken down into multiple parts that can be carried by the operator.

11. A method for rapid environmental monitoring of solid waste piles using the system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Use the spatial positioning module (E) to obtain three-dimensional coordinate information at the monitoring point; S2. Assemble the sensing component (C) and the transmission rod component (B), and the signal channel is automatically connected through the docking structure; S3. Use the power transmission module (A) to drive the sensing component to penetrate the solid waste pile to the target depth; S4. Apply a counterforce to separate the guide segment and expose the sensing segment; S5. Obtain the response signals of each monitoring module through the multi-parameter signal processing module (D); S6. Calculate the leachate level elevation and standardized ion concentration index to determine the water content and pollution level. S7. Associate the monitoring results with the three-dimensional coordinates and upload them to the environmental monitoring cloud platform (F); S8 and the cloud platform perform three-dimensional spatial interpolation based on multi-point data to generate a three-dimensional distribution map of the internal environmental state of the stack.

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