Floating slab vibration isolator detection device and vibration isolator

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of floating slab vibration isolator detection, and particularly relates to a floating slab vibration isolator detection device and vibration isolator. The device comprises a fixing part, the lower side of the fixing part is slidably connected with an upper shell, the upper shell is fixedly connected with a dustproof sleeve, the dustproof sleeve is slidably connected with a lower shell, a steel spring is installed between the upper shell and the lower shell, the lower shell is fixedly connected with a detection cylinder, the detection cylinder is provided with a main hydraulic cavity and a detection hydraulic cavity which are in communication, and a detection valve is slidably connected in the detection hydraulic cavity. In the process of steel spring vibration, the detection valve moves at both ends of the detection hydraulic cavity, and then the detection mechanism is controlled to detect, the detection interval is determined automatically according to the running state of the mechanism, the use time of the battery connected with the device is effectively prolonged when the steel spring is in good condition, the detection frequency of the steel spring is increased when the steel spring is in poor condition, the steel spring is detected specifically, and the probability of missed detection is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of floating slab vibration isolator testing technology, specifically to a floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator. Background Technology

[0002] Floating slab vibration isolators are key engineering components in railway track transportation. They mainly consist of upper and lower sleeves and built-in steel springs. Inspecting the condition of the steel springs is a crucial maintenance item for determining whether the floating slab vibration isolator is functioning properly. To reduce the difficulty for maintenance personnel in inspecting the condition of the steel springs, a detection device for monitoring their usage is usually added inside the isolator. However, due to the special operating environment of railways, existing detection devices are all battery-powered and rely on wireless technologies such as Bluetooth for remote data transmission. Therefore, these detection devices generally employ intermittent operation. The operating mode and detection interval are set by the staff. This means that if the detection interval is set too short, the battery will work frequently, shortening the battery life and increasing the workload of maintenance personnel when replacing batteries during maintenance. When the detection interval is too long, it is difficult to provide timely warnings when the steel spring fails, making it difficult for maintenance personnel to know in time and replace the vibration isolator. If the vibration isolator is not replaced in time, other vibration isolators will have to share the work of the damaged vibration isolator, resulting in increased wear on the steel springs in other vibration isolators and indirectly shortening the service life of other vibration isolators. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing testing devices, such as the difficulty in defining the testing interval and the difficulty in balancing the maintenance burden and the need for real-time control of the vibration isolator status, this invention provides a floating plate vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator.

[0004] The technical solution is as follows: A floating plate vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator, comprising a fixing member, an upper housing slidably connected to the lower side of the fixing member, a dust cover fixedly connected to the upper housing, a lower housing slidably connected to the dust cover, a steel spring installed between the upper housing and the lower housing, a testing cylinder fixedly connected to the lower housing, a main hydraulic chamber and a testing hydraulic chamber interconnected within the testing cylinder, both filled with liquid, a testing plug fixedly connected to the upper housing and slidably sealed to the testing cylinder, the testing plug slidingly sealed within the main hydraulic chamber, the upper part of the testing plug having a bending elastic force at its connection with the upper housing, a testing valve slidably connected within the testing hydraulic chamber, the testing valve moving unidirectionally only following the liquid within the testing hydraulic chamber as it moves from one end to the other within the testing hydraulic chamber, a testing mechanism for detecting the pressure of the steel spring provided on the fixing member, and the testing valve triggering the testing mechanism to operate when it moves to either end of the testing hydraulic chamber.

[0005] Preferably, the detection cylinder is provided with a buffer pressure chamber that communicates with the main hydraulic chamber, and the buffer pressure chamber is filled with liquid.

[0006] Preferably, a fixing rod and a pressure-compensating airbag are fixedly connected inside the main hydraulic chamber of the detection cylinder, and the fixing rod is slidably connected to the detection plug in a sealing manner.

[0007] Preferably, the detection mechanism includes an oil injection head fixedly connected to the fixing member, a detection oil chamber provided between the fixing member and the upper housing, the oil injection head communicating with the detection oil chamber, an electronic pressure gauge fixedly connected to the fixing member for detecting the pressure in the detection oil chamber, a trigger rod and a detection rod slidably connected to the detection cylinder, a first elastic element installed between the detection rod and the detection cylinder, the detection valve causing the trigger rod to press the detection rod to move by squeezing the trigger rod, and a detection button fixedly connected to the detection cylinder, the detection rod being used to squeeze the detection button.

[0008] Preferably, the detection valve includes a sliding ring slidably connected to the detection hydraulic chamber. The sliding ring is slidably connected to symmetrically distributed sliding blocks, which are slidably connected to symmetrically distributed elastic plates. Gaps are left between the symmetrically distributed elastic plates. A flow-limiting membrane is fixed between the elastic plates and the sliding ring. The sliding ring is slidably connected to a pressing member, which has a streamlined structure and is used to press the trigger rod to move. A switching limiting component is provided near the sliding blocks on the sliding ring to limit adjacent sliding blocks to both sides of the sliding ring.

[0009] Preferably, the thickness of the flow-limiting membrane gradually decreases from the side near the sliding ring to the side near the adjacent elastic sheet.

[0010] Preferably, the sliding ring is fixedly connected to an elastic limiting member with intervals, and a saw-shaped limiting strip is fixedly connected inside the detection hydraulic cavity. The saw-shaped limiting strip is provided with sawtooth grooves with intervals. The elastic limiting member limits the sliding ring by inserting into adjacent sawtooth grooves on the saw-shaped limiting strip.

[0011] Preferably, the switching limiting component includes symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks, each of which is slidably connected to the sliding ring near an adjacent sliding block. A second elastic element is fixed between the first limiting block and the sliding ring. The opposing sides of the symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks are provided with inclined surfaces, and the opposing sides of the symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks are provided with horizontal surfaces. The first limiting blocks limit the adjacent sliding blocks through the horizontal surfaces. A pressing block is slidably connected to the sliding ring near an adjacent sliding block. The pressing block pushes the adjacent first limiting block to move by pressing. A double-headed telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the sliding ring near the pressing block. One telescopic end of the double-headed telescopic rod is hinged to the pressing block, and the other telescopic end is hinged to the pressing element. A second limiting block is slidably connected to the sliding ring near the pressing block. A third elastic element is installed between the second limiting block and the sliding ring. The second limiting block limits the pressing block by pressing.

[0012] Preferably, a flow-limiting ring is fixedly connected inside the buffer pressure chamber, and symmetrically distributed buffer rings are slidably connected inside the buffer pressure chamber. A fourth elastic element is installed between the buffer rings and the buffer pressure chamber. A blocking element is fixedly connected to the buffer rings. The blocking element reduces the liquid flow area inside the flow-limiting rings by inserting into the flow-limiting rings.

[0013] Preferably, the cross-section of the shielding member is a combination of a rectangle and a W shape.

[0014] Compared to existing devices, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: The present invention controls the detection mechanism to perform detection by moving the detection valve at both ends of the detection hydraulic chamber during the vibration of the steel spring. It autonomously determines the detection interval by means of the mechanical operating state, effectively extending the service life of the battery connected to the device when the steel spring is in good condition, and increasing the detection frequency of the steel spring when the steel spring is in poor condition, thus performing targeted detection of the steel spring and reducing the probability of missed detection.

[0015] This invention temporarily increases the fluid flow resistance and reduces the vibration amplitude of the steel spring when its performance deteriorates, thereby temporarily increasing the spring's shock resistance and reducing the likelihood of sudden breakage due to severe vibration. This extends the service life of steel springs nearing their limit and increases the window of opportunity for maintenance personnel to repair them. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the fastener, upper housing, and lower housing of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lower housing and the detection cylinder of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the detection cylinder of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the main hydraulic chamber and the detection hydraulic chamber of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0022] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sliding ring, sliding block, and elastic sheet of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic sheet and flow-limiting membrane of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the sliding ring and sliding block of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the detection cylinder and buffer pressure chamber of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional view of the shielding member blocking the flow-limiting ring of the present invention.

[0028] The markings in the attached diagram are as follows: 1: Fixing component; 101: Detection oil chamber; 102: Oil injection head; 103: Electronic pressure gauge; 2: Upper housing; 3: Dust cover; 4: Lower housing; 5: Steel spring; 6: Detection cylinder; 61: Main hydraulic chamber; 62: Detection hydraulic chamber; 63: Buffer hydraulic chamber; 7: Detection plug; 71: Fixing rod; 72: Pressure replenishing airbag; 8: Detection valve; 81: Sliding ring; 811: Elastic limiting component; 812: Sawtooth limiting strip; 82: Sliding block; 821: First limiting block; 822: Extrusion block; 823: Double-headed telescopic rod; 824: Second limiting block; 83: Elastic sheet; 84: Flow limiting membrane; 85: Extrusion component; 9: Trigger rod; 10: Detection rod; 11: Detection button; 12: Flow limiting ring; 13: Buffer ring; 14: Shielding component. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application, based on the technical solution and its improved concept, should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] Example 1: This example discloses a floating plate vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator, which is used to overcome the problems of difficulty in defining the testing interval of existing testing devices, and difficulty in balancing the maintenance burden and the need for real-time control of the vibration isolator status.

[0031] A floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator, as described in the following reference. Figures 1-7 The device includes a fixing component 1, an upper housing 2 slidably connected to the lower side of the fixing component 1, a dust cover 3 (made of rubber) fixedly connected to the lower side of the upper housing 2, a lower housing 4 slidably connected to the lower side of the dust cover 3, a steel spring 5 installed between the upper housing 2 and the lower housing 4, a detection cylinder 6 fixedly connected inside the lower housing 4, a main hydraulic chamber 61 and a detection hydraulic chamber 62 connected to each other inside the detection cylinder 6, both filled with liquid, a buffer hydraulic chamber 63 connected to the main hydraulic chamber 61 inside the detection cylinder 6, the buffer hydraulic chamber 63 filled with liquid, and both the detection hydraulic chamber 62 and the buffer hydraulic chamber 63 located to the right of the main hydraulic chamber 61, a detection plug 7 fixedly connected to the upper housing 2 and slidably sealed to the detection cylinder 6, the upper part of the detection plug 7 having elasticity at the connection point with the upper housing 2, allowing the upper part of the detection plug 7 to bend by less than 20° to cope with non-vertical forces on the steel spring 5. When bending occurs due to a straight-line force, the detection plug 7 slides in a sealed manner within the main hydraulic chamber 61. The detection plug 7 divides the main hydraulic chamber 61 into upper and lower cavities. The detection plug 7 is used to push the liquid in the upper and lower cavities of the main hydraulic chamber 61 to flow between the detection hydraulic chamber 62 and the buffer hydraulic chamber 63. A detection valve 8 is slidably connected within the detection hydraulic chamber 62. The internal structure of the detection valve 8 is close to that of a one-way valve. During the process of moving from one end to the other within the detection hydraulic chamber 62, the detection valve 8 only moves in one direction along with the liquid within the detection hydraulic chamber 62. A detection mechanism for detecting the pressure of the steel spring 5 is provided on the fixing member 1. The detection mechanism is electrically connected to a remote control terminal. A fixing rod 71 and a pressure-replenishing airbag 72 are fixedly connected within the main hydraulic chamber 61 of the detection cylinder 6. The fixing rod 71 is slidably connected to the detection plug 7 in a sealed manner. The detection valve 8 is used to trigger the detection mechanism when it moves to either end of the detection hydraulic chamber 62.

[0032] In the above scheme, the buffer pressure chamber 63 is only used to buffer the pressure of the steel spring 5 by limiting the flow of liquid. Therefore, the number of buffer pressure chambers 63 can be set arbitrarily, but the sum of the flow area in all buffer pressure chambers 63 and the flow area in the detection hydraulic chamber 62 is less than the flow area in the main hydraulic chamber 61. The fixing rod 71 is used to compensate for the change in the overall volume of the main hydraulic chamber 61 during the up and down movement of the detection plug 7. The pressure-replenishing airbag 72 compensates for the change in the overall volume of the main hydraulic chamber 61 by its own compression or expansion. The operator can install an electronic pressure gauge in the pressure-replenishing airbag 72 to estimate the position of the detection plug 7 relative to the detection cylinder 6 in the static state by measuring the liquid pressure in the lower cavity of the main hydraulic chamber 61 in the static state. This allows for the measurement of the distance between the upper shell 2 and the dust cover 3 in the static state, assisting the operator in determining whether the position of the lower shell 4 has settled.

[0033] Preferably, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The testing mechanism includes an oil injection head 102, which is fixedly connected to a fixing member 1. A testing oil chamber 101 is provided between the fixing member 1 and the upper housing 2. The oil injection head 102 communicates with the testing oil chamber 101. An electronic pressure gauge 103 is fixedly connected to the fixing member 1. The electronic pressure gauge 103 is electrically connected to a remote control terminal. The electronic pressure gauge 103 is used to transmit the oil pressure in the testing oil chamber 101 to the remote control terminal via Bluetooth / Zigbee or other transmission methods, assisting the operator in measuring the liquid pressure in the testing oil chamber 101, and then measuring the pressure of the steel spring 5. The testing cylinder 6 is close to the testing... A trigger rod 9 and a detection rod 10 are slidably connected to one side of the hydraulic chamber 62. A first elastic element, which is a spring, is installed between the detection rod 10 and the detection cylinder 6. Both the trigger rod 9 and the detection rod 10 are fixedly connected to a compression triangular block. The detection valve 8 compresses the trigger rod 9, causing the compression triangular block on the trigger rod 9 to compress the compression triangular block on the detection rod 10, thereby causing the detection rod 10 to move. A detection button 11 is fixedly connected to the side of the detection cylinder 6 near the detection rod 10. The detection button 11 is electrically connected to a remote control terminal. The detection rod 10 is used to compress the detection button 11, causing the detection button 11 to activate the electronic pressure gauge 103 to work.

[0034] In the above scheme, by injecting hydraulic oil into the detection oil chamber 101, the distance between the fixing part 1 and the upper housing 2 can be infinitely adjusted, which makes it easy for this device to adapt to floating plates of different specifications and terrains. At the same time, by detecting the oil pressure in the detection oil chamber 101, the pressure of the steel spring 5 is measured, which helps the staff to repair the steel spring 5.

[0035] Preferably, referring to Figure 6 and Figures 8-10The detection valve 8 includes a sliding ring 81, which is slidably connected to the detection hydraulic chamber 62. The sliding ring 81 is slidably connected to two symmetrically distributed sliding blocks 82. The two sliding blocks 82 are slidably connected to two symmetrically distributed elastic plates 83, with a gap between them. The two ends of each elastic plate 83 are slidably connected to the two sliding blocks 82. A flow-limiting membrane 84 is fixed between the elastic plate 83 and the sliding ring 81. The flow-limiting membrane 84 is a corrosion-resistant liquid-blocking membrane (e.g., a corrosion-resistant plastic or rubber film). The thickness of the flow-limiting membrane 84 gradually decreases from the side closest to the sliding ring 81 to the side closest to the adjacent elastic plate 83, thus its deformation capacity decreases from the side closest to the sliding ring 81 to the side closest to the adjacent elastic plate 83. The sliding ring 81 is slidably connected to a squeezing member 85 on one side. The squeezing member 85 has a streamlined structure and is used to reduce the probability that the liquid will push the squeezing member 85 to move relative to the sliding ring 81 during the flow of liquid in the detection hydraulic chamber 62. The squeezing member 85 is used to squeeze the trigger rod 9 to move. The sliding ring 81 is fixedly connected to an elastic limiting member 811 with intervals. A saw-shaped limiting strip 812 is fixedly connected in the detection hydraulic chamber 62. The saw-shaped limiting strip 812 is provided with a sawtooth groove with intervals. The elastic limiting member 811 limits the sliding ring 81 by inserting into the sawtooth groove on the saw-shaped limiting strip 812. The sliding ring 81 is provided with a switching limiting member near the sliding block 82 to limit the adjacent sliding block 82 to both sides of the sliding ring 81.

[0036] In the above scheme, by limiting the two sliding blocks 82 to the upper or lower side of the sliding ring 81, the elastic sheet 83 and the flow-limiting membrane 84 form a structure similar to a one-way valve in a blood vessel. This allows the liquid in the detection hydraulic chamber 62 to move unidirectionally along the sliding ring 81, sliding blocks 82, elastic sheet 83, flow-limiting membrane 84, and squeezing member 85 during the reciprocating flow. Initially, in the non-working state, both sliding blocks 82 are located above the sliding ring 81, and the two elastic sheets 83 cause the adjacent flow-limiting membrane 84 to bend upwards. When the squeezing member 85 moves to the upper or lower ends of the detection hydraulic chamber 62, the detection button 11 is activated by squeezing the trigger rod 9, thereby activating the electronic pressure gauge 103 to monitor the performance of the steel spring 5. The system detects the steel spring 5 and autonomously determines the detection interval based on the mechanical operating status. Because the more violent the vibration of the steel spring 5 (under the same vibration force, if the elastic performance of the steel spring 5 decreases, its vibration will be more violent), the detection plug 7 moves a greater distance in the main hydraulic chamber 61 during vibration, which increases the amount of hydraulic oil that is squeezed and flows. The displacement distance of the sliding ring 81, sliding block 82, elastic sheet 83, flow limiting membrane 84 and extrusion component 85 during a single vibration is greater. This controls the electronic pressure gauge 103 to detect the performance of the steel spring 5 more frequently, reducing the possibility that the steel spring 5 will be difficult to detect in time due to the excessively long detection interval when the elastic performance of the steel spring 5 decreases.

[0037] Preferably, referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10 The switching limiting component includes two first limiting blocks 821 symmetrically distributed vertically. Both first limiting blocks 821 are slidably connected to a sliding ring 81 near the adjacent sliding block 82. A second elastic element, a tension spring, is fixed between the first limiting block 821 and the sliding ring 81. The opposing sides of the two first limiting blocks 821 are provided with inclined surfaces. The sliding block 82 is stopped by pressing the inclined surfaces of the adjacent first limiting blocks 821. The opposing sides of the two first limiting blocks 821 are provided with horizontal surfaces. The first limiting blocks 821 limit the adjacent sliding block 82 by these horizontal surfaces. A pressing block 822 is vertically slidably connected to the sliding ring 81 near the adjacent sliding block 82. The pressing block 822 is stopped by pressing... The pressure pushes the adjacent first limiting block 821 to move, thereby causing the first limiting block 821 to tilt towards the adjacent surface. A double-headed telescopic rod 823 is rotatably connected to the sliding ring 81 near the extrusion block 822. One telescopic end of the double-headed telescopic rod 823 is hinged to the extrusion block 822, and the other telescopic end of the double-headed telescopic rod 823 is hinged to the extrusion member 85. A second limiting block 824 is slidably connected to the sliding ring 81 near the extrusion block 822. A third elastic element, which is a spring, is installed between the second limiting block 824 and the sliding ring 81. The elastic force of the third elastic element on the second limiting block 824 is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic element on the first limiting block 821. The second limiting block 824 limits the extrusion block 822 by pressing.

[0038] In the above scheme, the rotatable connection position of the double-headed telescopic rod 823 and the sliding ring 81 is located in the middle between the rotatable connection position of the double-headed telescopic rod 823 and the adjacent extrusion block 822 and the rotatable connection position of the double-headed telescopic rod 823 and the extrusion piece 85. Therefore, when the extrusion piece 85 moves up or down relative to the sliding ring 81, the double-headed telescopic rod 823 pushes the extrusion block 822 to move in the opposite direction to the movement direction of the extrusion piece 85.

[0039] The working principle of the above scheme is as follows:

[0040] Workers sequentially install multiple of these devices on the underside of the floating slab and inject hydraulic oil into the detection oil chamber 101 through the oil injection head 102. The hydraulic oil compresses the fixing member 1 and the upper housing 2, increasing the distance between them and thus adjusting the elevation of the device. The fixing member 1 compresses the upper floating slab, while the upper housing 2 simultaneously compresses the steel spring 5 on its lower side. At this time, the hydraulic oil pressure detected by the electronic pressure gauge 103 is equal to the spring force of the steel spring 5. By adjusting the hydraulic oil pressure in all the detection oil chambers 101 of these devices on the underside of the floating slab to the same value, workers ensure that the floating slab is subjected to uniform force, allowing this device to replace the traditional vibration isolator for damping the floating slab. During train operation, as the train passes and causes the floating slab to vibrate, taking the floating slab moving from top to bottom as an example:

[0041] The floating plate moves the fixing component 1, the upper housing 2, and the detection plug 7 downwards together. The steel spring 5 is compressed and stores power. The detection plug 7 slides relative to the detection cylinder 6 and squeezes the liquid in the lower cavity of the main hydraulic chamber 61. The liquid in the lower cavity of the main hydraulic chamber 61 flows to the upper cavity of the main hydraulic chamber 61 through the detection hydraulic chamber 62 and the buffer hydraulic chamber 63. As the liquid moves upward through the detection hydraulic chamber 62, the flow-limiting membrane 84 bends upward, so the liquid is guided by the flow-limiting membrane 84 and flows to the middle of the two elastic plates 83. By squeezing the two elastic plates 83, both elastic plates 83 store power and bend to the opposite side, increasing the gap between the two elastic plates 83. The liquid easily passes through the gap between the two elastic plates 83. The force pushing the detection valve 8 is less than the elastic force of the elastic limit component 811, so the detection valve 8 remains in place.

[0042] When the liquid in the upper cavity of the main hydraulic chamber 61 vibrates along with the fixing member 1, the upper housing 2, and the detection plug 7, it flows downward through the detection hydraulic chamber 62. At this time, most of the liquid flowing in the detection hydraulic chamber 62 is blocked by the flow-limiting membrane 84, and only a small portion of the liquid passes through the gap between the flow-limiting membrane 84 and the main hydraulic chamber 61 and moves downward. When the liquid impacts the flow-limiting membrane 84, the flow-limiting membrane 84 bends and guides, pushing the adjacent elastic sheet 83. At this time, because both sliding blocks 82 are limited by the adjacent first limiting block 821, they cannot move downward relative to the sliding ring 81. Therefore, the two elastic sheets 83 move in opposite directions. This causes the gap between the two elastic plates 83 to decrease, making it difficult for the liquid to flow downward through the gap. At this time, the force of the liquid pushing the detection valve 8 is greater than the elastic force of the elastic limit member 811. The liquid pushes the detection valve 8 to move downward. The elastic limit member 811 bends and stores force and moves out of the serrated groove on the saw-shaped limit strip 812. When the elastic limit member 811 is aligned with the serrated groove on the lower side of the saw-shaped limit strip 812, it inserts into the serrated groove. The force of the liquid pushing the detection valve 8 to move downward decreases to less than the elastic force of the elastic limit member 811 as the vibration weakens, and then the detection valve 8 stops moving.

[0043] After repeated vibrations, the detection valve 8 moves from the uppermost side of the detection hydraulic chamber 62 to the lowermost side. During the downward movement of the detection valve 8, the extrusion member 85 first contacts the lower part of the trigger rod 9. The trigger rod 9 is extruded downward by the detection valve 8 and, through its upper extrusion triangular block, extrudes the upper extrusion triangular block of the detection rod 10, causing the detection rod 10 to move to the right. The first elastic element on the detection rod 10 compresses and stores force, and the detection rod 10 extrudes the trigger detection button 11. The detection button 11 activates the electronic pressure gauge 103, causing the electronic pressure gauge 103 to detect the state of the hydraulic oil in the detection oil chamber 101 (i.e., record the state of the hydraulic oil in the detection oil chamber 101). The state changes during the repetitive motion were recorded, and the static pressure value of the steel spring 5 after vibration was completed was also recorded. Subsequently, during the downward movement of the detection valve 8, after the pressing triangular block on the trigger rod 9 passed the pressing triangular block on the detection rod 10, the detection rod 10 moved to the left and reset under the action of the first elastic element on it. Because both the pressing element 85 and the detection rod 10 had moved to the lowest level of their stroke and could not move further, the sliding ring 81, the sliding block 82, the elastic sheet 83, and the flow-limiting membrane 84 moved downward together. The sliding ring 81 drove the first limiting block 821, the pressing block 822, the double-headed telescopic rod 823, and the second limiting block 824 to move downward together. At this time, with Figure 10 Taking Chinese components as an example:

[0044] Because the extrusion member 85 cannot move, the double-headed telescopic rod 823 deflects, and both telescopic ends retract. The extrusion block 822 is driven by the double-headed telescopic rod 823 to move downward relative to the sliding ring 81. The extrusion block 822 no longer extrudes the upper first limiting block 821. The upper first limiting block 821 moves to the left and resets under the action of the upper second elastic element. At this time, both sliding blocks 82 lose their limiting position and, driven by the liquid impact on the elastic sheet 83 and the flow-limiting membrane 84, move downward together. At this time, the elastic sheet 83 and the flow-limiting membrane 84 change from upward bending to downward bending. The two sliding blocks 82 move to the lower side of the sliding ring 81. The force of the elastic sheet 83 and the flow-limiting membrane 84 that hinders the flow of liquid from top to bottom in the detection hydraulic chamber 62 decreases. During the downward movement, the extrusion block 822 extrudes the second limiting block 824 to the right. The third elastic element on the upper part of the 24 is compressed and stored. After the extrusion block 822 passes the second limiting block 824, it continues to move downward and extrudes the lower first limiting block 821. The second elastic element on the lower first limiting block 821 is stretched and stored. The lower first limiting block 821 limits the sliding block 82 on its lower side (if the first limiting block 821 extends outward first, and the sliding block 82 has not moved to the lower side of the lower first limiting block 821 at this time, the sliding block 82 will pass through the lower first limiting block 821 by extruding the inclined surface on the first limiting block 821 during the subsequent downward movement). The two telescopic ends on the double-headed telescopic rod 823 slowly extend outward with the movement of the sliding block 82. The second limiting block 824 extends to the left under the action of the third elastic element on it until the second limiting block 824 contacts the extrusion block 822 and limits the extrusion block 822.

[0045] When the steel spring 5 vibrates subsequently, because the sliding block 82 moves to the lower side of the sliding ring 81, the detection valve 8 will only move upward when the liquid in the detection hydraulic chamber 62 moves upward, until the detection valve 8 contacts the upper part of the trigger rod 9, causing the trigger rod 9 to move upward and trigger the squeeze detection button 11 again. The detection button 11 activates the electronic pressure gauge 103 to work. Then, the sliding block 82, elastic plate 83 and flow-limiting membrane 84 move to the upper side of the sliding ring 81 when the squeezing member 85 can no longer move upward. Then the above process is repeated to control the electronic pressure gauge 103 to work intermittently to check the state of the steel spring 5.

[0046] Because during the movement of the detection valve 8, the unidirectional movement distance of a single vibration of the detection valve 8 is directly related to the vibration state of the steel spring 5, and the state of the steel spring 5 is related to its single force and its own performance. Even though the force applied to the steel spring 5 by the floating plate is different when each train passes, its value distribution is relatively average and will not frequently trigger the electronic pressure gauge 103 to work. However, when the performance of the steel spring 5 deteriorates, the vibration frequency and amplitude of the steel spring 5 will increase to varying degrees each time it is triggered. Under this state, the electronic pressure gauge 103 will be frequently triggered to remind maintenance personnel to inspect and replace the steel spring 5 in a timely manner. Therefore, by adjusting the timing of starting the electronic pressure gauge 103 by the vibration state of the steel spring 5, the service life of the battery connected to the device can be effectively extended when the steel spring 5 is in good condition, and the detection frequency of the steel spring 5 can be increased when the steel spring 5 is in poor condition, making it less likely to overlook special situations such as the steel spring 5 breaking at this location.

[0047] Example 2, based on Example 1, also includes the effect of increasing the amount of liquid in the main hydraulic chamber 61 to buffer vibration when the steel spring 5 is on the verge of failure.

[0048] Preferably, referring to Figure 4 , Figure 11 and Figure 12 A flow-limiting ring 12 is fixedly connected to the center of the buffer pressure chamber 63. Buffer rings 13 are slidably connected to the buffer pressure chamber 63 and are distributed symmetrically on both sides. A fourth elastic element, which is a tension spring, is installed between the buffer rings 13 and the buffer pressure chamber 63. A blocking element 14 is fixedly connected to the buffer rings 13. The cross-section of the blocking element 14 is a combination of a rectangle and a W shape, which is used to ensure that the liquid flowing in any direction can effectively push the blocking element 14 to move. The blocking element 14 reduces the liquid flow area in the flow-limiting ring 12 by inserting into the flow-limiting ring 12.

[0049] In the above scheme, the shielding component 14 will not completely block the flow-limiting ring 12. When the shielding component 14 does not block the flow-limiting ring 12, the flow area at the buffer ring 13, the flow area at the buffer pressure chamber 63 located at the shielding component 14, and the flow area at the flow-limiting ring 12 are similar.

[0050] The working principle of the above scheme is as follows:

[0051] During the vibration of the steel spring 5, when the detection plug 7 squeezes the liquid in the two cavities of the main hydraulic chamber 61 and flows through the buffer hydraulic chamber 63, taking the upward flow of the liquid in the buffer hydraulic chamber 63 as an example, the liquid pushes the lower buffer ring 13 and the lower blocking member 14 to move upward together. The fourth elastic element on the lower buffer ring 13 stretches and stores force. If the steel spring 5 is in good condition and the vibration amplitude is small, the blocking member 14 is not enough to move to the flow-limiting ring 12. When the liquid in the buffer hydraulic chamber 63 flows downward under the action of vibration, the lower buffer ring 13 and the lower blocking member 14 move downward quickly and reset under the action of the fourth elastic element on the lower buffer ring 13 and the action of liquid pushing. At this time, the upper buffer ring 13 and the upper blocking member 14 move downward synchronously under the action of liquid pushing. However, when the performance of the steel spring 5 is damaged and the vibration amplitude increases, the buffer ring 13 and the lower blocking member 14 move downward together. As the speed and distance of movement of the impinging ring 13 and the blocking member 14 increase, when one set of buffer rings 13 and blocking members 14 moves to the flow-limiting ring 12, the blocking member 14 blocks the flow area inside the flow-limiting ring 12 by inserting into the middle of the flow-limiting ring 12. At this time, the flow area between the flow-limiting ring 12 and the blocking member 14 is significantly reduced, the liquid flow resistance increases, and the movement resistance of the detection plug 7 increases. By increasing the liquid flow resistance, the vibration amplitude of the steel spring 5 is reduced, thereby increasing the shock resistance of the steel spring 5. When the steel spring 5 returns to its original position, the set of buffer rings 13 and blocking members 14 moves downward to their original position under the action of the fourth elastic element on the buffer ring 13 and the pushing action of the liquid. The other set of buffer rings 13 and blocking members 14 moves towards the flow-limiting ring 12 under the driving action of the liquid. The two sets of buffer rings 13 and blocking members 14 alternately block the flow area inside the flow-limiting ring 12, thereby increasing the buffering capacity of the steel spring 5.

[0052] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator, characterized in that, The device includes a fixing component (1), an upper housing (2) slidably connected to the lower side of the fixing component (1), a dust cover (3) fixedly connected to the upper housing (2), a lower housing (4) slidably connected to the dust cover (3), a steel spring (5) installed between the upper housing (2) and the lower housing (4), a detection cylinder (6) fixedly connected to the lower housing (4), a main hydraulic chamber (61) and a detection hydraulic chamber (62) interconnected inside the detection cylinder (6), the main hydraulic chamber (61) and the detection hydraulic chamber (62) being filled with liquid, and a detection plug fixedly connected to the upper housing (2) and slidably sealed to the detection cylinder (6). (7) The detection plug (7) slides in a sealed manner in the main hydraulic chamber (61). The upper part of the detection plug (7) has a bending elastic force at the connection with the upper housing (2). A detection valve (8) is slidably connected in the detection hydraulic chamber (62). During the process of moving from one end to the other end in the detection hydraulic chamber (62), the detection valve (8) only moves in one direction with the liquid in the detection hydraulic chamber (62). A detection mechanism for detecting the pressure of the steel spring (5) is provided on the fixing member (1). The detection valve (8) is used to trigger the detection mechanism to work when it moves to both ends of the detection hydraulic chamber (62).

2. The floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection cylinder (6) is provided with a buffer pressure chamber (63) that communicates with the main hydraulic chamber (61), and the buffer pressure chamber (63) is filled with liquid.

3. The floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that, A fixing rod (71) and a pressure-replenishing airbag (72) are fixedly connected inside the main hydraulic chamber (61) of the detection cylinder (6). The fixing rod (71) is slidably connected to the detection plug (7).

4. The floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection mechanism includes an oil injection head (102), which is fixed to the fixing member (1). A detection oil chamber (101) is provided between the fixing member (1) and the upper housing (2). The oil injection head (102) communicates with the detection oil chamber (101). An electronic pressure gauge (103) is fixed to the fixing member (1). The electronic pressure gauge (103) is used to detect the pressure in the detection oil chamber (101). A trigger rod (9) and a detection rod (10) are slidably connected to the detection cylinder (6). A first elastic element is installed between the detection rod (10) and the detection cylinder (6). The detection valve (8) causes the trigger rod (9) to press the detection rod (10) to move by squeezing the trigger rod (9). A detection button (11) is fixed to the detection cylinder (6). The detection rod (10) is used to squeeze the detection button (11).

5. The floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator according to claim 4, characterized in that, The detection valve (8) includes a sliding ring (81), which is slidably connected to the detection hydraulic chamber (62). The sliding ring (81) is slidably connected to symmetrically distributed sliding blocks (82). The symmetrically distributed sliding blocks (82) are slidably connected to symmetrically distributed elastic plates (83). There is a gap between the symmetrically distributed elastic plates (83). A flow-limiting membrane (84) is fixed between the elastic plates (83) and the sliding ring (81). The sliding ring (81) is slidably connected to an extruder (85). The extruder (85) has a streamlined structure and is used to extrude the trigger rod (9) to move. The sliding ring (81) is provided with a switching limiting component near the sliding block (82) to limit the adjacent sliding block (82) to both sides of the sliding ring (81).

6. The floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator according to claim 5, characterized in that, The thickness of the flow-limiting membrane (84) gradually decreases from the side near the sliding ring (81) to the side near the adjacent elastic sheet (83).

7. The floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sliding ring (81) is fixedly connected to an elastic limiting member (811) with intervals. A saw-shaped limiting strip (812) is fixedly connected in the detection hydraulic chamber (62). The saw-shaped limiting strip (812) is provided with sawtooth grooves with intervals. The elastic limiting member (811) limits the sliding ring (81) by inserting into the adjacent sawtooth grooves on the saw-shaped limiting strip (812).

8. The floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator according to claim 7, characterized in that, The switching limiting component includes symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks (821). Each of the symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks (821) is slidably connected to the sliding ring (81) near an adjacent sliding block (82). A second elastic element is fixed between the first limiting block (821) and the sliding ring (81). The opposing sides of each of the symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks (821) are provided with inclined surfaces, and the opposing sides of each of the symmetrically distributed first limiting blocks (821) are provided with horizontal surfaces. The first limiting blocks (821) limit the adjacent sliding blocks (82) through the horizontal surfaces. A squeezing block (822) is slidably connected to the sliding ring (81) near an adjacent sliding block (82). The pressure block (822) pushes the adjacent first limiting block (821) to move by squeezing. The sliding ring (81) is rotatably connected to a double-headed telescopic rod (823) near the pressure block (822). One telescopic end of the double-headed telescopic rod (823) is hinged to the pressure block (822), and the other telescopic end of the double-headed telescopic rod (823) is hinged to the pressure member (85). The sliding ring (81) is slidably connected to a second limiting block (824) near the pressure block (822). A third elastic member is installed between the second limiting block (824) and the sliding ring (81). The second limiting block (824) limits the pressure block (822) by squeezing.

9. The floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that, A flow-limiting ring (12) is fixedly connected inside the buffer pressure chamber (63). A symmetrically distributed buffer ring (13) is slidably connected inside the buffer pressure chamber (63). A fourth elastic element is installed between the buffer ring (13) and the buffer pressure chamber (63). A shielding element (14) is fixedly connected to the buffer ring (13). The shielding element (14) reduces the liquid flow area inside the flow-limiting ring (12) by inserting into the flow-limiting ring (12).

10. A floating slab vibration isolator testing device and vibration isolator according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cross-section of the shielding member (14) is a combination of a rectangle and a W shape.

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