Cascaded Arc Plasma Source Heat Load Simulation and Temperature Measurement Device for Cascaded Plates

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fusion reactor technology and discloses a cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device for cascaded plates. The device includes a heating assembly, a mounting base, a water inlet / outlet assembly, and a measurement assembly. The gap between the mounting base and the insulation cylinder allows the cascaded plate to be placed. Heat is generated by the heater and retained in the insulation cavity by the insulation cylinder. A heat-conducting element, with one end protruding from the insulation cylinder, is inserted into the cascaded plate and fits against the discharge channel, thus applying a heat load to the cascaded plate independently of the linear plasma device. A second thermocouple is installed in the water inlet pipe to measure the temperature of the cooling medium before it enters the cascaded plate. A third thermocouple is inserted in the water outlet pipe to measure the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the cascaded plate. A first thermocouple, inserted in the mounting base and protruding from it, measures the temperature of the cascaded plate. Thus, multiple temperatures are combined to evaluate the heat dissipation capacity and thermo-hydraulic performance of the cascaded plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fusion reactor technology, and in particular to a device for simulating and measuring the heat load of a cascaded arc plasma source for cascaded reactors. Background Technology

[0002] Magnetic confinement fusion is one of the important ways to solve the energy crisis and achieve clean energy supply in the future. During the operation of a magnetic confinement fusion device, complex interactions occur between the boundary plasma of the fusion reactor and the first wall. The divertor target plate impact area must withstand the dual effects of ultra-high ion flux and steady-state heat load, which leads to a series of complex physicochemical reactions such as material erosion, sputtering, surface morphology changes, and vacancy defects. This severely shortens the service life of the fusion reactor materials and restricts the long-term stable operation of the fusion device. Due to the high experimental cost and harsh discharge operation conditions of the fusion device itself, it is difficult to conduct systematic research on the interaction between the boundary plasma and materials directly. Therefore, the industry usually uses linear plasma devices that can generate high-density plasma beams to simulate the boundary plasma environment of the fusion reactor and conduct plasma irradiation experiments.

[0003] Cascaded arc plasma sources are the core components of linear plasma devices for generating high-density plasma beams. Chinese patent application CN118765026A discloses a cascaded arc plasma generator in which multiple cascaded plates are stacked sequentially to form a cascaded structure and positioned between the cathode holder and the anode body. The cascaded plates have a ring-shaped structure, with a discharge channel in the middle for plasma passage. As a key component of the cascaded arc plasma source, the cascaded plates primarily perform the important functions of confining the plasma beam, stabilizing arc discharge, and timely removing the accumulated heat load within the plasma discharge channel. When the cascaded arc plasma source operates at high power, the accumulated heat load within the discharge channel of the cascaded plates is extremely high. If the accumulated heat cannot be removed in time, it will cause the cascaded plates to burn out, leading to the malfunction of both the cascaded arc plasma source and the linear plasma device. Therefore, extremely high requirements are placed on the heat dissipation capacity and thermo-hydraulic performance of the cascaded plates, necessitating the design of cascaded plates with excellent heat dissipation capacity and thermo-hydraulic performance.

[0004] During the operation of a cascaded arc plasma source, the circular discharge channel in the middle of the cascaded plate is in a vacuum environment, and the discharge channel itself carries a potential of tens of volts. The overall working environment is complex and harsh, making it impossible to place temperature measuring components inside the discharge channel to measure the temperature of the cascaded plate. Consequently, it is difficult to evaluate the heat dissipation capacity and thermo-hydraulic performance of the cascaded plate during operation. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can operate independently of a linear plasma device and simulate the working state of a cascaded arc plasma source. This device can apply a thermal load to the inner surface of the cascaded plate separately, measure the temperature of the cascaded plate, and then evaluate its heat dissipation capacity and thermo-hydraulic performance to meet the technical requirements for cascaded plate optimization design evaluation and cascaded arc plasma source performance upgrades. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device that can apply a thermal load to the inner surface of a cascade plate independently and measure the temperature of the cascade plate, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that it is impossible to directly measure the temperature of the cascade plate in a cascaded arc plasma source.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device for cascaded plates, which includes a heating component, a fixing base, a water inlet / outlet component and a measuring component. The heating assembly includes a heat insulation cylinder, a heater, and a heat-conducting component; the heat insulation cylinder extends along a first direction and has a heat-insulating cavity; the heat insulation cylinder has heat-conducting holes and openings communicating with the heat-insulating cavity at both ends in the first direction; the heater is disposed in the heat-insulating cavity; one end of the heat-conducting component is inserted into the heat-conducting hole and protrudes from the heat insulation cylinder for connecting cascade plates, and the other end is located in the heat-insulating cavity and is in contact with the heater; The heat insulation cylinder has a heat conduction hole at one end, and the fixing seat is provided on the outer side; there is a gap between the fixing seat and the heat insulation cylinder; the gap is used to place the cascade plate and make the cascade plate fit against the heat insulation cylinder and the fixing seat respectively; The water inlet and outlet assembly includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, both inserted into the gap. The measuring assembly includes a first thermocouple, a second thermocouple, and a third thermocouple; the first thermocouple is inserted into a fixed base, with one end protruding from the surface of the fixed base near the heat insulation cylinder for connecting cascade plates; one end of the second thermocouple is inserted into the water inlet pipe, and one end of the third thermocouple is inserted into the water outlet pipe.

[0007] Furthermore, the heat insulation cylinder includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder arranged sequentially in a direction away from the fixed base; The first cylinder has a heat-conducting hole on its surface near the fixed base; a first insulation groove communicating with the heat-conducting hole is formed inside the first cylinder; the second cylinder has an opening on its surface away from the fixed base; a second insulation groove communicating with the opening is formed inside the second cylinder. The first and second insulation grooves are joined together to form the insulation cavity when the first and second cylinders are attached. The first and second insulation tanks are both adapted to the shape of the heater, and the diameter of the opening is smaller than the diameter of the heater; When the first cylinder and the second cylinder are in contact, the heat-conducting component has its two side surfaces in the first direction abutting against the peripheral wall of the first insulation groove and the heater, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes housing components; The housing assembly includes a first housing plate, a second housing plate, and a third housing plate; Two first outer shell plates are arranged opposite each other along a second direction and are attached to the outer surface of the heat insulation cylinder; two second outer shell plates are arranged opposite each other between the two first outer shell plates along a third direction and are attached to the outer surface of the heat insulation cylinder; a third outer shell plate is disposed on the side surface of the heat insulation cylinder away from the fixed base, and has a clearance channel extending through both sides of the plate along a first direction; the diameter of the clearance channel is smaller than the outer diameter of the second cylinder. The first outer shell plate, the second outer shell plate, and the third outer shell plate are detachably connected in pairs; Among them, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular to each other.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a positioning plate; The positioning plate is disposed on the side surface of the heat insulation cylinder near the fixed base, and a positioning hole is provided through both sides of the plate along the first direction. The positioning plate has two positioning grooves on its surface near the fixed base. The two positioning grooves are spaced apart on both sides of the positioning hole and are respectively connected to the positioning hole. The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively installed in one of the positioning grooves.

[0010] Furthermore, the heat-conducting component includes a heat-transfer portion and a bonding portion that are sequentially arranged and connected along a first direction; The bonding part and the heater are sequentially disposed in the heat preservation cavity along the first direction; The heat transfer part is inserted into the heat conduction hole and protrudes from the heat insulation cylinder for connecting the cascade plates; The diameter of the bonding portion is larger than the diameter of the heat transfer portion.

[0011] Furthermore, the heater includes a heating base and a heating rod; The heating base is disposed in the heat preservation cavity and extends along the first direction; the heating base has a plurality of spaced heating channels, which extend along the first direction, with one end near the heat conduction hole closed and the other end away from the heat conduction hole open. The heating rods are inserted into each of the multiple heating channels.

[0012] Furthermore, multiple mounting channels are evenly spaced around the axial direction of the fixing base, and the mounting channels penetrate both sides of the fixing base in the first direction; The first thermocouple passes through the mounting channel and is connected to the peripheral wall of the mounting channel by a mounting plug, so that the first thermocouple does not contact the peripheral wall of the mounting channel.

[0013] Furthermore, a clearance groove is provided on the side surface of the fixing base near the heat insulation cylinder, and the clearance groove is coaxially arranged with the heat-conducting component and extends along the first direction; The clearance groove is located within the space enclosed by the plurality of installation channels and is opposite to the position of the heat-conducting component.

[0014] Furthermore, the first thermocouple includes a measuring section, a connecting section, and an extension section connected in sequence; The mounting base has an installation groove on the side of its surface away from the heat insulation cylinder; the installation channel is formed in the bottom wall of the installation groove. The measuring segment passes through the mounting channel along the first direction, the outer extension segment is inserted into the mounting groove, and extends away from the fixed base along the first direction; and the measuring segment and the outer extension segment are spaced apart from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the fixed base.

[0015] Furthermore, the water inlet pipe includes a water inlet pipe and a water inlet tee connector; One end of the water inlet pipe is inserted into the gap for communication with the water inlet of the cascade plate; the other end is connected to the first end of the water inlet tee; one end of the second thermocouple is sealed and inserted into the second end of the water inlet tee. The water outlet pipe includes a water outlet pipe and a water outlet tee connector; One end of the water outlet pipe is inserted into the gap for communication with the outlet of the cascade plate; the other end is connected to the first end of the water outlet tee; one end of the third thermocouple is sealed and inserted into the second end of the water outlet tee.

[0016] The cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device for cascaded plates provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: This invention provides a device for simulating and measuring the thermal load of a cascaded arc plasma source for cascaded plates. The device includes a heating assembly, a mounting base, a water inlet / outlet assembly, and a measuring assembly. The gap between the mounting base and the heat insulation cylinder allows for the placement of the cascaded plate to be tested, ensuring that the cascaded plate is in contact with both the heat insulation cylinder and the mounting base to simulate the working state of the cascaded plate within the cascaded arc plasma source. Heat is generated by the heater and retained as much as possible within the insulation cavity by the heat insulation cylinder. A heat-conducting element, with one end protruding from the heat insulation cylinder, is inserted into the discharge channel of the cascaded plate and adheres to the peripheral wall of the discharge channel. Heating the cascaded plates allows for independent application of thermal loads to the cascaded plates, separate from the linear plasma device. A second thermocouple installed in the inlet water pipe measures the temperature of the cooling medium before it enters the cascaded plates. A third thermocouple inserted in the outlet water pipe measures the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the cascaded plates. A first thermocouple, inserted into and protruding from the mounting base, measures the temperature of the cascaded plates. By combining multiple temperature measurements, the heat dissipation capacity and thermo-hydraulic performance of the cascaded plates can be evaluated, thereby meeting the technical requirements for cascaded plate optimization design evaluation and cascaded arc plasma source performance upgrade. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of a cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device for cascaded plates according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the AA section; Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the BB cross section; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heating component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the connection between the heating component and the outer shell component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heating component, water inlet / outlet component, positioning plate, and cascade plate according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the heat-conducting component according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the connection structure of the fixed base, water inlet / outlet assembly, measuring assembly and cascade plate according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 9 yes Figure 8 An enlarged schematic diagram of region A in the middle.

[0018] In the figure, 100 is a cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device for cascaded plates; 1 is a heating component; 10 is a gap; 11 is a heat insulation cylinder; 110 is a heat insulation cavity; 1101 is a heat conduction hole; 1102 is an opening; 111 is a first cylinder; 1110 is a first heat insulation groove; 112 is a second cylinder; 1120 is a second heat insulation groove; 12 is a heater; 121 is a heating base; 1210 is a heating channel; 1211 is a base body; 1212 is a protection section; 122 is a heating rod; 13 is a heat conduction component; 131 is a heat transfer part; 132 is a bonding part; 2 is a fixing seat; 20 is a heat conduction component; 131 is a heat transfer part; 132 is a bonding part; 2 is a fixing seat; 1. Installation channel; 202. Installation groove; 203. Clearance groove; 3. Inlet / outlet water assembly; 31. Inlet water pipe; 311. Inlet water tube; 312. Inlet water tee connector; 32. Outlet water pipe; 321. Outlet water tube; 322. Outlet water tee connector; 4. Measuring assembly; 41. First thermocouple; 411. Measuring section; 412. Connecting section; 413. Extension section; 42. Second thermocouple; 43. Third thermocouple; 44. Mounting plug; 5. Housing assembly; 51. First housing plate; 52. Second housing plate; 53. Third housing plate; 530. Clearance channel; 200. Cascade plate. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0020] like Figures 1-3 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device 100 for cascaded plates, which includes a heating component 1, a fixing base 2, a water inlet / outlet component 3, and a measurement component 4. The heating assembly 1 includes a heat insulation cylinder 11, a heater 12, and a heat-conducting component 13. The heat insulation cylinder 11 extends along a first direction X and has a heat-insulating cavity 110. The heat insulation cylinder 11 has heat-conducting holes 1101 and openings 1102 at both ends in the first direction X, which communicate with the heat-insulating cavity 110. The heater 12 is disposed in the heat-insulating cavity 110. One end of the heat-conducting component 13 is inserted into the heat-conducting hole 1101 and protrudes from the heat insulation cylinder 11 for connecting the cascade plate 200. The other end is located in the heat-insulating cavity 110 and is in contact with the heater 12. The heat insulation cylinder 11 has a heat conduction hole 1101 on one side of the fixed seat 2; there is a gap 10 between the fixed seat 2 and the heat insulation cylinder 11; the gap 10 is used to place the cascade plate 200 and make the cascade plate 200 fit with the heat insulation cylinder 11 and the fixed seat 2 respectively; the heat conduction element 13 protrudes from the end of the heat insulation cylinder 11 and is inserted into the discharge channel of the cascade plate 200. The water inlet and outlet assembly 3 includes a water inlet pipe 31 and a water outlet pipe 32, both inserted into the gap 10. The measuring component 4 includes a first thermocouple 41, a second thermocouple 42, and a third thermocouple 43. The first thermocouple 41 is inserted into the fixing base 2, with one end protruding from the surface of the fixing base 2 near the heat insulation cylinder 11 for connecting the cascade plate 200, and the other end connected to the controller. One end of the second thermocouple 42 is inserted into the water inlet pipe 31, and the other end extends away from the water inlet pipe 31 and is connected to the controller. One end of the third thermocouple 43 is inserted into the water outlet pipe 32, and the other end extends away from the water outlet pipe 32 and is connected to the controller.

[0021] Based on the above technical solution, the gap 10 between the fixed base 2 and the heat insulation cylinder 11 can accommodate the cascade plate 200 to be tested, and allow the cascade plate 200 to be attached to the heat insulation cylinder 11 and the fixed base 2 respectively to simulate the working state of the cascade plate 200 in the cascade arc plasma source; heat is generated by the heater 12, and the heat is retained as much as possible in the heat insulation cavity 110 by the heat insulation cylinder 11. The heat-conducting element 13, which protrudes from the heat insulation cylinder 11, is inserted into the discharge channel of the cascade plate 200 and attached to the peripheral wall of the discharge channel of the cascade plate 200 to heat the cascade plate 200, thereby achieving separation from linear plasma sources. The plasma device applies a heat load to the cascade plate individually; a second thermocouple 42 installed in the inlet pipe 31 can measure the temperature of the cooling medium before it enters the cascade plate 200; a third thermocouple 43 inserted in the outlet pipe 32 can measure the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the cascade plate 200; and a first thermocouple 41 installed in the mounting base 2 and protruding from the mounting base 2 can measure the temperature of the cascade plate 200; thus, by combining multiple temperatures, the heat dissipation capacity and thermo-hydraulic performance of the cascade plate can be evaluated, thereby meeting the technical requirements for cascade plate optimization design evaluation and cascade arc plasma source performance upgrade.

[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heat insulation cylinder 11 includes a first cylinder 111 and a second cylinder 112 arranged sequentially in a direction away from the fixed base 2; The first cylindrical body 111 has a heat-conducting hole 1101 on its surface near the fixed base 2; a first heat-insulating groove 1110 communicating with the heat-conducting hole 1101 is formed inside the first cylindrical body 111; the second cylindrical body 112 has an opening 1102 on its surface away from the first cylindrical body 111; a second heat-insulating groove 1120 communicating with the opening 1102 is formed inside the second cylindrical body 112. The first heat insulation groove 1110 and the second heat insulation groove 1120 form the heat insulation cavity 110 when the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112 are attached together; The first heat preservation groove 1110 and the second heat preservation groove 1120 are both adapted to the shape of the heater 12, and the aperture of the opening 1102 is smaller than the diameter of the heater 12. When the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112 are attached together, the heat-conducting element 13 abuts against the peripheral wall of the first heat-insulating groove 1110 and the heater 12 on both sides of the first direction X, respectively.

[0023] It is understood that the heat insulation cylinder 11 is composed of a first cylinder 111 and a second cylinder 112 joined together, and its heat insulation cavity 110 is formed by a first heat insulation groove 1110 and a second heat insulation groove 1120 that are adapted to the shape of the heater 12. Since the aperture of the opening 1102 is smaller than the diameter of the heater 12, the heater 12 cannot detach from the heat insulation cylinder 11 from the opening 1102. Furthermore, because the aperture of the opening 1102 is small, the heater 12 can abut against the peripheral wall of the second heat insulation groove 1120, so that when the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112 are joined together, the heat-conducting element 13... The two sides of the first direction X respectively abut against the peripheral wall of the first insulation groove 1110 and the heater 12; thus, in addition to being able to place one end of the heat-conducting element 13 in the insulation cavity 110 and keep it in contact with the heater 12, the heater 12 can also be separated from the first cylinder 111 by separating the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112, so that the heat-conducting element 13 can be taken out from the first insulation groove 1110 for maintenance or replacement. In this way, the cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device 100 for cascaded plates can be applied to cascaded plates 200 with different inner diameter specifications.

[0024] Preferably, both the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112 are made of aluminum silicate glass fiber to ensure that they have a high melting point and good thermal insulation performance, so as to reduce heat loss.

[0025] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device 100 for cascaded plates also includes a housing assembly 5; The outer casing assembly 5 includes a first outer casing plate 51, a second outer casing plate 52, and a third outer casing plate 53; Two first outer shell plates 51 are arranged opposite each other along the second direction Y and are in contact with the outer surface of the heat insulation cylinder 11; two second outer shell plates 52 are arranged opposite each other along the third direction Z between the two first outer shell plates 51 and are in contact with the outer surface of the heat insulation cylinder 11; the third outer shell plate 53 is disposed on the side surface of the heat insulation cylinder 11 away from the fixing seat 2, and has a clearance channel 530 extending through both sides of its surface along the first direction X; the diameter of the clearance channel 530 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second cylinder 112; The first outer shell plate 51, the second outer shell plate 52, and the third outer shell plate 53 are detachably connected in pairs; Among them, the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z are all perpendicular to each other.

[0026] It is understandable that in order to maintain the contact between the heat-conducting component 13 and the heater 12, it is necessary to maintain the contact between the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112. However, based on the heat preservation requirements of the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112, the working environment of direct contact with high-temperature objects, and the requirement of separability, it is not advisable to directly set the connecting structure or fasteners on the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112. Therefore, by using two first outer shell plates 51 arranged opposite each other along the second direction Y, two second outer shell plates 52 arranged opposite each other along the third direction Z, and a third outer shell plate 53 disposed on the surface of the heat insulation cylinder 11 away from the fixed base 2, the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112 are wrapped from the second direction Y, the third direction Z, and the first direction X. The first outer shell plate 51, the second outer shell plate 52, and the third outer shell plate 53 are detachably connected in pairs to maintain the wrapping state of the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112. The detachable connection can also be used to separate the first outer shell plate 51, the second outer shell plate 52, and the third outer shell plate 53 to remove the wrapping of the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112, thereby satisfying the separation requirement of the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112. Furthermore, by opening the clearance channel 530 on the third outer shell plate 53, it can be used to connect the heater 12 to the power transmission line; and the diameter of the clearance channel 530 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second cylinder 112, so as to prevent the heater 12 from coming out of the clearance channel 530.

[0027] Preferably, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the surface of the first outer shell 51 near the fixing seat 2 and the surface of the second outer shell 52 near the fixing seat 2 both protrude from the heat insulation cylinder 11; the fixing seat 2 is connected to the first outer shell 51.

[0028] It is understood that, in order for the fixing seat 2 to maintain its relative position with the heat insulation cylinder 11 and thus maintain its fit with the cascade plate 200, the fixing seat 2 is connected to the side surface of the first outer shell plate 51 near the fixing seat 2; and to adapt to the gap 10, the side surface of the first outer shell plate 51 near the fixing seat 2 and the side surface of the second outer shell plate 52 near the fixing seat 2 are both provided to protrude from the heat insulation cylinder 11, so that after the fixing seat 2 is connected to the first outer shell plate 51, the fixing seat 2 and the heat insulation cylinder 11 can have the gap 10.

[0029] Preferably, the first outer shell plate 51, the second outer shell plate 52, the third outer shell plate 53 and the fixing base 2 are all made of polytetrafluoroethylene to ensure that they have a high melting point and good machinability.

[0030] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 As shown, the cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device 100 for cascaded plates also includes a positioning plate 6; The positioning plate 6 is disposed on the side surface of the heat insulation cylinder 11 near the fixed base 2, and has a positioning hole 60 extending through both sides of the plate along the first direction X. The positioning hole 60 is used to place the cascade plate 200. The positioning plate 6 has two positioning grooves 601 on one side of the fixed base 2. The two positioning grooves 601 are spaced apart on both sides of the positioning hole 60 and are respectively connected to the positioning hole 60. The water inlet pipe 31 and the water outlet pipe 32 are respectively installed in one of the positioning grooves 601.

[0031] Understandably, the positioning holes 60 extending through both sides of the positioning plate 6 allow for the stable placement of the cascade plate 200, thereby ensuring that the peripheral wall of the discharge channel of the cascade plate 200 can fully contact the heat-conducting component 13. Correspondingly, to prevent damage to the first thermocouple 41 in contact with the cascade plate 200 due to rotation caused by external forces disturbing the inlet pipe 31 and / or outlet pipe 32, the positioning plate 6 has two positioning grooves 601 spaced apart on both sides of the positioning holes 60, for respectively installing the inlet pipe 31 and the outlet pipe 32.

[0032] Furthermore, such as Figure 7 As shown, the heat-conducting component 13 includes a heat transfer portion 131 and a bonding portion 132 that are sequentially arranged and connected along the first direction X. The bonding part 132 and the heater 12 are sequentially disposed in the heat preservation cavity 110 along the first direction X; The heat transfer part 131 is inserted into the heat conduction hole 1101 and protrudes from the heat insulation cylinder 11, and is used to connect the cascade plate 200. The diameter of the bonding portion 132 is larger than the diameter of the heat transfer portion 131.

[0033] Understandably, in order to simulate the high heat load in the discharge channel of the cascade plate 200, a large amount of heat needs to be concentrated at the position in contact with the cascade plate 200. To achieve heat concentration, the diameter of the heat transfer part 131 in contact with the cascade plate 200 is small, while the diameter of the contact part 132 in contact with the heater 12 is large, so that the contact part 132 can fully absorb the heat of the heater 12 and concentrate the heat in the smaller diameter heat transfer part 131, and finally transfer it to the cascade plate 200.

[0034] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heater 12 includes a heating base 121 and a heating rod 122; The heating base 121 is disposed in the heat preservation cavity 110 and extends along the first direction X; the heating base 121 has a plurality of spaced heating channels 1210, which extend along the first direction X, with one end near the heat conduction hole 1101 closed and the other end away from the heat conduction hole 1101 open. The heating rods 122 are inserted into each of the multiple heating channels 1210.

[0035] It should be noted that the heating rod 122 can generate heat based on Joule's law after being powered on.

[0036] It is understood that the heat generated by the multiple heating rods 122 after being energized and the contact between the heating rods 122 and the heating channel 1210 can be transferred to the heating base 121 and then to the heat-conducting component 13.

[0037] Preferably, such as Figure 4 As shown, the heating base 121 includes a base body 1211 and a protective section 1212 that are sequentially arranged and connected in a direction away from the fixed base 2. The protective section 1212 protrudes from the heat insulation cylinder 11, and the heating channel 1210 is opened on the base body 1211 and the protective section 1212 and passes through the protective section 1212. The outer diameter of the base body 1211 is larger than the aperture of the opening 1102, and the outer diameter of the protective section 1212 is slightly smaller than the aperture of the opening 1102.

[0038] It is understandable that, in order to prevent the heating base 121 from detaching from the opening 1102, the diameter of the base body 1211 needs to be larger than the aperture of the opening 1102. However, the power transmission line connected to and extending outward from the heating rod 122 is usually prone to bending and damage at the opening 1102. If the heating rod 122 is extended, the part of the heating rod 122 protruding from the base body 1211 is prone to breakage. Therefore, a protective section 1212 protruding from the heat insulation cylinder 11 is provided, and the outer diameter of the protective section 1212 is slightly smaller than the aperture of the opening 1102, so that the protective section 1212 can pass through the opening 1102, thereby allowing the heating rod 122 to extend outward along the first direction X in a direction away from the opening 1102 for a certain length.

[0039] Preferably, both the heat-conducting element 13 and the heating base 121 are made of oxygen-free copper to ensure good thermal conductivity.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, multiple mounting channels 201 are evenly spaced around the axial direction of the fixed base 2, and the mounting channels 201 penetrate both sides of the fixed base 2 in the first direction X. The first thermocouple 41 passes through the mounting channel 201 and is connected to the peripheral wall of the mounting channel 201 by the mounting plug 44, so that the first thermocouple 41 does not directly contact the peripheral wall of the mounting channel 201.

[0041] Understandably, since the cascade plate 200 has a ring-shaped structure, in order to accurately measure the temperature at various points on the cascade plate and improve the accuracy of testing the cascade plate 200, it is necessary to set up multiple first thermocouples 41 arranged in a circular pattern to measure the temperature at multiple points on the ring-shaped cascade plate 200. Therefore, multiple mounting channels 201 are evenly spaced around the axial direction of the fixing base 2, so that the multiple first thermocouples 41 passing through the multiple mounting channels 201 can be arranged in a circular pattern. Furthermore, to reduce the influence of the temperature of the fixing base 2 on the first thermocouples 41, the first thermocouples 41 are connected to the peripheral wall of the mounting channel 201 through the mounting plug 44, rather than directly contacting the peripheral wall of the mounting channel 201.

[0042] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, the fixed base 2 has a relief groove 203 on the side surface near the heat insulation cylinder 11. The relief groove 203 is coaxially arranged with the heat conducting element 13 and extends along the first direction X. The clearance groove 203 is located within the space enclosed by the plurality of installation channels 201 and is positioned opposite to the heat-conducting component 13.

[0043] Understandably, since heat is transferred to the cascade plate 200 via the heat-conducting element 13, in order to simulate the heat load on the cascade plate 200, the heat-conducting element 13 is inserted into the discharge channel of the cascade plate 200 and should be in contact with the inner surface of the discharge channel of the cascade plate 200. The surface of the heat-conducting element 13 near the fixing seat 2 is flush with the surface of the cascade plate 200, and the surface of the cascade plate 200 is in contact with the fixing seat 2. In order to reduce heat loss and avoid a large amount of heat being transferred to the fixing seat 2 and affecting the accuracy of the temperature measurement of the first thermocouple 41, the fixing seat 2 has the clearance groove 203 on the surface near the heat insulation cylinder 11. The clearance groove 203 is opposite to the heat-conducting element 13, thereby avoiding direct contact between the fixing seat 2 and the heat-conducting element 13.

[0044] Furthermore, such as Figure 8 As shown, the first thermocouple 41 includes a measuring section 411, a connecting section 412, and an extension section 413 connected in sequence. The mounting base 2 has an installation groove 202 on the side surface away from the heat insulation cylinder 11; the installation channel 201 is formed in the bottom wall of the installation groove 202; The measuring segment 411 passes through the mounting channel 201 along the first direction X, and the extension segment 413 is inserted into the mounting groove 202 and extends away from the fixed base 2 along the first direction X for connection with the controller; and the measuring segment 411 and the extension segment 413 are spaced apart from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the fixed base 2.

[0045] It is understandable that, since there are multiple first thermocouples 41, in order to avoid the first thermocouples 41 being too dense and interfering with each other, the distance between the ends of the multiple first thermocouples 41 away from the cascade plate 200 needs to be as large as possible. For this purpose, the measuring segment 411 for contacting the cascade plate 200 and the extension segment 413 for extending outward are arranged radially from the inside to the outside along the fixing base 2, so that the extension segment 413 is farther away from the axis of the fixing base 2 than the measuring segment 411, so that the distance between adjacent extension segments 413 is greater than the distance between adjacent measuring segments 411; and the measuring segment 411 and the extension segment 413 are connected by the connecting segment 412; and in order to accommodate the connecting segment 412 and the extension segment 413, the fixing base 2 is provided with the mounting groove 202 to avoid setting the transition position of the first thermocouple 41 on the outside of the cascade arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device 100 for the cascade plate.

[0046] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the water inlet pipe 31 includes a water inlet pipe 311 and a water inlet tee connector 312; One end of the water inlet pipe 311 is inserted into the gap 10 for communication with the water inlet of the cascade plate 200; the other end is connected to the first end of the water inlet tee connector 312; one end of the second thermocouple 42 is sealed and inserted into the second end of the water inlet tee connector 312; the third end of the water inlet tee connector 312 is used to connect to an external water source.

[0047] It should be noted that the water inlet tee connector 312 is a conventional tee connector, which includes an interface with three interconnected ends.

[0048] Understandably, since one end of the second thermocouple 42 needs to be inserted into the water inlet pipe 31 to measure and read the temperature of the cooling medium before it enters the cascade plate 200, a water inlet tee connector 312 is provided so that the flow of the cooling medium is not affected while the second thermocouple 42 is inserted into the water inlet pipe 31 for measurement. The first end is connected to the water inlet pipe 311 to connect to the water inlet of the cascade plate 200. The second end is sealed to accommodate the second thermocouple 42 to prevent leakage of the cooling medium. The remaining third end can be used to connect to an external cooling medium source.

[0049] Similar to the inlet pipe 31, the outlet pipe 32 includes an outlet pipe 321 and an outlet tee connector 322; One end of the water outlet pipe 321 is inserted into the gap 10 for communication with the water outlet of the cascade plate 200; the other end is connected to the first end of the water outlet tee connector 322; one end of the third thermocouple 43 is sealed and inserted into the second end of the water outlet tee connector 322, and the third end of the water outlet tee connector 322 is used to connect to an external water tank for storing the heated cooling medium for subsequent use.

[0050] The working process of this invention is as follows: Select heat-conducting components 13 of different specifications according to the discharge channel diameter of the cascade plate 200 to be tested; insert the heat transfer part 131 of the heat-conducting component 13 into the heat-conducting hole 1101, insert one end of the heater 12 into the second heat insulation groove 1120 of the second cylinder 112, insert the other end of the heater 12 into the first heat insulation groove 1110 of the first cylinder 111, and press it against the bonding part 132 of the heat-conducting component 13; apply thermal grease between the heater 12 and the bonding part 132 to increase thermal contact.

[0051] The first outer shell plate 51, the second outer shell plate 52, and the third outer shell plate 53 are attached to the two side surfaces of the heat insulation cylinder 11 in the second direction Y, the two side surfaces in the third direction Z, and the side surface away from the fixing seat 2; the first outer shell plate 51, the second outer shell plate 52, and the third outer shell plate 53 are detachably connected in pairs to maintain the attachment of the first cylinder 111 and the second cylinder 112.

[0052] The cascade plate 200 to be tested is placed in the positioning hole 60, so that the heat transfer part 131 is inserted into the discharge channel of the cascade plate 200, and thermal grease is applied to the outer periphery of the heat transfer part 131 and the peripheral wall of the discharge channel to increase thermal contact; the water inlet of the cascade plate 200 is connected to the water inlet pipe 311, and the water outlet of the cascade plate 200 is connected to the water outlet pipe 321.

[0053] The mounting base 2 is placed on the cascade plate 200, and the first thermocouple 41 is in contact with the cascade plate 200 for temperature measurement; the mounting base 2 is connected to the first outer shell plate 51.

[0054] When the heating rod 122 is energized, it generates heat based on Joule's law. The heat is transferred to the heat transfer part 131 via the heating base 121 and the fitting part 132, thereby providing a large heat load in the discharge channel of the cascade plate 200 to simulate the heating condition of the cascade plate 200 in the cascade arc plasma source. Multiple first thermocouples 41 measure the temperature at multiple points inside the cascade plate 200, second thermocouples 42 measure the temperature of the cooling medium before it enters the cascade plate 200, and third thermocouples 43 measure the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the cascade plate 200. The heat dissipation capacity and thermal-hydraulic performance of the cascade plate 200 can be evaluated by combining the multiple measured temperature values.

[0055] In summary, this invention provides a cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device 100 for cascaded plates, comprising a heating component 1, a fixing base 2, a water inlet / outlet component 3, and a measuring component 4. The gap 10 between the fixing base 2 and the heat insulation cylinder 11 allows the cascaded plate 200 to be tested to be placed, ensuring that the cascaded plate 200 is in contact with both the heat insulation cylinder 11 and the fixing base 2 to simulate the working state of the cascaded plate 200 in a cascaded arc plasma source. Heat is generated by the heater 12 and retained as much as possible within the insulation cavity 110 by the heat insulation cylinder 11. A heat-conducting element 13, with one end protruding from the heat insulation cylinder 11, is inserted into the discharge channel of the cascaded plate 200 and interacts with the discharge channel of the cascaded plate 200. The peripheral wall of the discharge channel is fitted to heat the cascade plate 200, thereby enabling the application of thermal load to the cascade plate independently of the linear plasma device. A second thermocouple 42 is installed in the water inlet pipe 31 to measure the temperature of the cooling medium before it enters the cascade plate 200. A third thermocouple 43 is inserted in the water outlet pipe 32 to measure the temperature of the cooling medium flowing out of the cascade plate 200. The temperature of the cascade plate 200 is measured by a first thermocouple 41 that is inserted into and protrudes from the fixing base 2. By combining multiple temperatures, the heat dissipation capacity and thermo-hydraulic performance of the cascade plate can be evaluated, thereby meeting the technical requirements for cascade plate optimization design evaluation and cascade arc plasma source performance upgrade.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cascade arc plasma source thermal load simulation and temperature measurement device for a cascade tile, characterized by, Includes heating components, mounting base, inlet / outlet water components, and measuring components; The heating assembly includes a heat insulation cylinder, a heater, and a heat-conducting component; the heat insulation cylinder extends along a first direction and has a heat-insulating cavity; the heat insulation cylinder has heat-conducting holes and openings communicating with the heat-insulating cavity at both ends in the first direction; the heater is disposed in the heat-insulating cavity; one end of the heat-conducting component is inserted into the heat-conducting hole and protrudes from the heat insulation cylinder for connecting cascade plates, and the other end is located in the heat-insulating cavity and is in contact with the heater; The heat insulation cylinder has a heat conduction hole at one end, and the fixing seat is provided on the outer side; there is a gap between the fixing seat and the heat insulation cylinder; the gap is used to place the cascade plate and make the cascade plate fit against the heat insulation cylinder and the fixing seat respectively; The water inlet and outlet assembly includes an inlet pipe and an outlet pipe, both inserted into the gap. The measuring assembly includes a first thermocouple, a second thermocouple, and a third thermocouple; the first thermocouple is inserted into a fixed base, with one end protruding from the surface of the fixed base near the heat insulation cylinder for connecting cascade plates; one end of the second thermocouple is inserted into the water inlet pipe, and one end of the third thermocouple is inserted into the water outlet pipe.

2. The cascaded arc plasma source heat flux deposition and temperature measurement apparatus for a cascaded panel of claim 1, wherein, The heat insulation cylinder includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder arranged sequentially along a direction away from the fixed base; The first cylinder has a heat-conducting hole on its surface near the fixed base; a first insulation groove communicating with the heat-conducting hole is formed inside the first cylinder; the second cylinder has an opening on its surface away from the fixed base; a second insulation groove communicating with the opening is formed inside the second cylinder. The first and second insulation grooves are joined together to form the insulation cavity when the first and second cylinders are attached. The first and second insulation tanks are both adapted to the shape of the heater, and the diameter of the opening is smaller than the diameter of the heater; When the first cylinder and the second cylinder are in contact, the heat-conducting component has its two side surfaces in the first direction abutting against the peripheral wall of the first insulation groove and the heater, respectively.

3. The cascade arc plasma source heat flux deposition simulation and temperature measurement apparatus for a cascade tile of claim 2, wherein, It also includes the housing assembly; The housing assembly includes a first housing plate, a second housing plate, and a third housing plate; Two first outer shell plates are arranged opposite each other along a second direction and are attached to the outer surface of the heat insulation cylinder; two second outer shell plates are arranged opposite each other between the two first outer shell plates along a third direction and are attached to the outer surface of the heat insulation cylinder; a third outer shell plate is disposed on the side surface of the heat insulation cylinder away from the fixed base, and has a clearance channel extending through both sides of the plate along a first direction; the diameter of the clearance channel is smaller than the outer diameter of the second cylinder. The first outer shell plate, the second outer shell plate, and the third outer shell plate are detachably connected in pairs; Among them, the first direction, the second direction, and the third direction are all perpendicular to each other.

4. The cascaded arc plasma source heat flux deposition and temperature measurement apparatus for a cascaded panel of claim 1, wherein, It also includes a positioning plate; The positioning plate is disposed on the side surface of the heat insulation cylinder near the fixed base, and a positioning hole is provided through both sides of the plate along the first direction. The positioning plate has two positioning grooves on its surface near the fixed base. The two positioning grooves are spaced apart on both sides of the positioning hole and are respectively connected to the positioning hole. The water inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are respectively installed in one of the positioning grooves.

5. The cascade arc plasma source heat flux deposition simulation and temperature measurement apparatus for a cascade tile of claim 1, wherein, The heat-conducting component includes a heat transfer part and a bonding part that are arranged sequentially and connected along a first direction; The bonding part and the heater are sequentially disposed in the heat preservation cavity along the first direction; The heat transfer part is inserted into the heat conduction hole and protrudes from the heat insulation cylinder for connecting the cascade plates; The diameter of the bonding portion is larger than the diameter of the heat transfer portion.

6. The cascade arc plasma source heat flux deposition simulation and temperature measurement apparatus for a cascade tile of claim 1, wherein, The heater includes a heating base and a heating rod; The heating base is disposed in the heat preservation cavity and extends along the first direction; the heating base has a plurality of spaced heating channels, which extend along the first direction, with one end near the heat conduction hole closed and the other end away from the heat conduction hole open. The heating rods are inserted into each of the multiple heating channels.

7. The cascade arc plasma source heat flux deposition simulation and temperature measurement apparatus for a cascade tile of claim 1, wherein, Multiple mounting channels are evenly spaced around the axial direction of the fixed base, and the mounting channels penetrate both sides of the fixed base in the first direction; The first thermocouple passes through the mounting channel and is connected to the peripheral wall of the mounting channel by a mounting plug, so that the first thermocouple does not contact the peripheral wall of the mounting channel.

8. The cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device for cascaded plates as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The surface of the fixing base near the heat insulation cylinder is provided with a relief groove, which is coaxially arranged with the heat-conducting component and extends along the first direction; The clearance groove is located within the space enclosed by the plurality of installation channels and is opposite to the position of the heat-conducting component.

9. The cascaded arc plasma source heat load simulation and temperature measurement device for cascaded plates as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The first thermocouple includes a measuring section, a connecting section, and an extension section connected in sequence; The mounting base has an installation groove on the side of its surface away from the heat insulation cylinder; the installation channel is formed in the bottom wall of the installation groove. The measuring segment passes through the mounting channel along the first direction, the outer extension segment is inserted into the mounting groove, and extends away from the fixed base along the first direction; and the measuring segment and the outer extension segment are spaced apart from the inside to the outside along the radial direction of the fixed base.

10. The thermal load simulation and temperature measurement apparatus for a cascaded arc plasma source for a cascaded sheet as defined in claim 1, wherein, The water inlet pipeline includes a water inlet pipe and a water inlet tee connector; One end of the water inlet pipe is inserted into the gap for communication with the water inlet of the cascade plate; the other end is connected to the first end of the water inlet tee; one end of the second thermocouple is sealed and inserted into the second end of the water inlet tee. The water outlet pipe includes a water outlet pipe and a water outlet tee connector; One end of the water outlet pipe is inserted into the gap for communication with the outlet of the cascade plate; the other end is connected to the first end of the water outlet tee; one end of the third thermocouple is sealed and inserted into the second end of the water outlet tee.

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