An automatic face-reducing optimization display system and method for a hydroelectric engineering model

Abstract

The application discloses a water and electricity engineering model automatic area reduction optimization display system and method, and belongs to the technical field of engineering three-dimensional visualization. The technical problem to be solved is that the existing water and electricity engineering model cannot reduce the area without difference, which leads to the deformation and dislocation of key structures, the incompatibility of display fluency and precision, and high occupation of software and hardware resources. The technical solution points are as follows: through BIM model import, information reading, display screening, area reduction analysis and area reduction processing modules, in combination with a model category database, a detection discriminator and a special algorithm, the area reduction coefficient is obtained by taking the minimum model unit as the granularity and through visibility screening and multi-dimensional series calculation, the hierarchical and differentiated area reduction is performed on the visible model, and the bidirectional consideration of model lightening and key structure precision is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of engineering 3D visualization technology, specifically relating to an automatic surface reduction and optimization display system and method for hydropower engineering models. Background Technology

[0002] Hydropower projects are inherently characterized by their wide coverage, involvement of multiple professional fields, complex 3D model structures, and high modeling accuracy requirements. Displaying high-precision, full-hub scene models of hydropower projects completely and smoothly within 3D visualization engines and intelligent engineering application platforms places extremely high demands on the program architecture of the 3D engine, the operational efficiency of application functions, and the performance parameters of hardware equipment. To address the challenge of displaying large-scale, high-precision models, the industry has gradually developed various lightweight processing and polygon reduction optimization techniques for engineering 3D models to reduce the hardware and software resource requirements for model display.

[0003] Currently, existing lightweighting methods for hydropower engineering models primarily focus on leveraging the geometric display features of 3D engines, performing indiscriminate polygon reduction and merging of model details, and optimizing the data element retrieval and calling efficiency of the 3D engine to achieve display optimization of the engineering 3D model. However, these lightweighting methods treat the entire engineering model as a uniform processing object, employing equal polygon reduction and program performance adjustments. They lack analysis and in-depth understanding of the hydropower engineering model's results and fail to consider the structural characteristics, engineering importance, and scene display requirements of different types of hydropower engineering models to conduct targeted and differentiated lightweighting and polygon reduction processing. The aforementioned indiscriminate equal polygon reduction processing method has significant technical defects:

[0004] (1) The same degree of lightweighting and surface reduction will be applied to the key structures of hydraulic structures such as dams, key terrain areas, and core equipment and facilities in hydropower projects. This is very likely to cause deformation and misalignment of key structural features and spatial structural relationships in hydropower project models. In the actual use of the engineering digital platform, it is very likely to cause various misjudgments in engineering assessment, and there are risks in engineering application. (2) It is impossible to balance the display smoothness of large scene models with the display accuracy of key structures. Either the excessive reduction of surfaces in order to reduce resource consumption leads to insufficient model accuracy, or the inability to effectively reduce the consumption of hardware and software resources in order to ensure the accuracy of key structures still results in long model running waiting time and low platform application function running smoothness. (3) No suitable surface reduction rules were designed for the structural characteristics of different types of models such as hydropower engineering buildings, equipment, and terrain. The adaptability to terrain-type integrated models and equipment-type refined models is poor, and accurate hierarchical surface reduction optimization cannot be achieved.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is hereby proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned technical problems in existing technologies, this invention provides an automatic surface reduction optimization display system and method for hydropower engineering models. This system solves the problems of indiscriminate surface reduction in existing hydropower engineering models leading to deformation and misalignment of key structures, inability to balance smoothness and accuracy in large-scene display, and high hardware and software resource consumption.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, an automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models includes: BIM Model Import Module: Used to import the BIM model and related information of hydropower projects into the 3D visualization engine architecture, perform preliminary marking and organization of model structure and category information, and transfer the marked and organized model data to the model information reading module; Model Information Reading Module: Used to receive model data transmitted from the BIM Model Import Module, divide the engineering model into units, and classify and organize the attribute information of the model units; Model display filtering module: It is used to issue measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, receive its feedback results, filter the visibility of the engineering model from the current viewpoint, and feed the visibility information back to the model surface reduction processing module. Model Reduction Analysis Module: Used to issue measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, retrieve calculation parameters from the model category database module, calculate the reduction coefficient of the model unit in combination with the aforementioned data, and feed the reduction coefficient back to the model reduction processing module; Model Surface Reduction Processing Module: This module receives visibility information from the model display filtering module and surface reduction coefficients from the model surface reduction analysis module. It then calls the model surface reduction processing algorithm module to perform differentiated surface reduction processing on the model and feeds the processed model data back to the 3D visualization engine architecture. Model Category Database Module: Used to store class parameters required for model surface reduction analysis, respond to parameter retrieval requests from the model surface reduction analysis module, and provide data support; Model detection and discriminator module: It is used to respond to the measurement commands issued by the model display and filtering module and the model surface reduction analysis module, complete the marking, measurement and data calculation and analysis in three-dimensional space, and feed back the measurement and judgment results to the corresponding module that issued the command; Model Surface Reduction Algorithm Module: This module provides algorithmic support for the surface reduction operation of the model surface reduction module, enabling hierarchical lightweight model processing.

[0008] Furthermore, the model display filtering module includes: Visible Range Filtering Unit: Used to issue detection commands to the model detection discriminator module, receive the detection results from it, determine the visible range of the model under the current view, label the initially screened visible model units and transmit their coordinate data to the visible logic filtering unit; Visible Logic Filtering Unit: This unit receives the coordinate data of the initially visible model units transmitted by the visible range filtering unit, issues an occlusion judgment command to the model detection discriminator module, determines the occlusion logic relationship of the model after receiving its feedback, marks the final visible model structure and substructure units, and feeds back the final visibility information to the model surface reduction processing module.

[0009] Furthermore, the visible range filtering unit includes: Ray detection command subunit: used to issue ray emission and spatial intersection detection commands to the model detection discriminator module, and synchronously transmit the current camera position and range parameters of the 3D visualization engine; The visible range determination subunit is used to receive the ray detection results fed back by the model detection discriminator module, determine the model units that have spatial intersection with the detected ray, mark them as initially screened visible model units, and transmit the spatial coordinate data of the initially screened visible model units to the visible logic filtering unit.

[0010] Furthermore, the visible logic filtering unit includes: Coordinate receiving subunit: Used to receive the coordinate data of the initially screened visible model units transmitted by the visible range determination subunit of the visible range filtering unit, and synchronize it to the model detection discriminator module; Occlusion Logic Determination Subunit: Used to receive the occlusion determination result fed back by the model detection discriminator module, mark the unoccluded viewpoint of the lens to the model and form a visible surface, determine the model unit corresponding to the visible surface as the final visible model unit, and feed back the final visibility information and the corresponding model unit data to the model surface reduction processing module.

[0011] Furthermore, the model reduction analysis module includes: The model display volumetric level analysis unit is used to issue volume measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, receive measurement data fed back by the model detection and discriminator module, calculate the display volumetric level of the model unit, and transmit the calculation results to the reduction surface coefficient analysis calculation unit; the calculation formula for the display volumetric level is:

[0012] in, This represents the display volume level corresponding to the smallest model unit. This represents the total volume occupied by the entire visible engineering model in the current scene. The volume occupied by the smallest model unit; Parameters are adjusted to display the volume levels; Model category level analysis unit: used to retrieve key coefficient parameters from the model category database module, calculate the model category level by combining the measurement data of the model detection discriminator module, and transmit the calculation results to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit; the model category level includes: building model category level, equipment model category level and terrain model category level; The formula for calculating the category level of the building model is:

[0013] in, This represents the model category level corresponding to the smallest unit of the current building model; The criticality coefficient of the building; This represents the maximum control dimension of the current building model structure. The hydraulic structure level to which the current model unit belongs; This is a parameter representing the structural complexity of the building to which the current model element belongs; Adjust parameters for calculating the category level of architectural models; The formula for calculating the category level of the device model is:

[0014] in, This represents the model category level corresponding to the smallest unit of the current device model. The criticality coefficient of the equipment; This represents the maximum controllable dimension of the current equipment model structure. This represents the number of substructure model units contained in the current device model. The equipment corresponding to the model can typically be divided into several parts during installation and maintenance. Equipment-specific performance adjustment parameters; Calculate and adjust parameters for the category level of the equipment model; The formula for calculating the category level of the terrain model is:

[0015] in, This represents the model category level corresponding to the smallest unit of the current terrain model. This is the terrain criticality coefficient; This represents the maximum horizontal elevation difference of the current terrain model unit. The terrain complexity coefficient; These are the edge coefficients of the current terrain unit model; Adjust parameters for calculating the category level of terrain models; Model substructure level analysis unit: used to retrieve model structure data organized by the model information reading module, calculate the model substructure level, and transmit the model substructure level to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit; the calculation formula for the model substructure level is:

[0016] in, The number of substructure levels corresponding to the current model; This refers to the substructure layer number of the current model, as read by the model information reading module. Adjust parameters for calculating the substructure levels of the model; Model centering level analysis unit: This unit issues distance measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, receives measurement data from the model detection and discriminator module, calculates the model centering level, and transmits the calculation results to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit. The formula for calculating the model centering level is:

[0017] in, This represents the center level of the current model. This represents the minimum distance from the current model center point coordinates to the central axis in 3D space from the current camera viewpoint. Adjust parameters to center the level of the model; The surface reduction coefficient analysis and calculation unit is used to receive the level calculation results from the model display volume level analysis unit, model category level analysis unit, model substructure level analysis unit, and model centering level analysis unit, calculate the model surface reduction coefficient, and feed the model surface reduction coefficient back to the model surface reduction processing module; the calculation formula for the model surface reduction coefficient is:

[0018] in, Subtract the surface coefficient from the model; This represents the display volume level corresponding to the current structural unit model; The current structural unit model category level is selected based on the model category. The formula for calculating the value corresponds to the category; This represents the number of substructure levels in the current structural unit model. This is the level of the current structural unit model.

[0019] Furthermore, the model category series analysis unit includes: Parameter retrieval subunit: Used to retrieve calculation parameters such as critical coefficients of the category model, hydraulic structure level, and number of equipment that can be split from the model category database; Model classification sub-unit: Used to retrieve model attribute data organized by the model information reading module, divide the engineering model into building type, equipment type and terrain type models, and simultaneously perform mesh generation processing on terrain type models to form terrain model sub-structure units; Category level calculation unit: It is used to combine the parameters of the sub-unit and the measurement data of the model detection discriminator module to calculate the corresponding model category level for different categories of models, and transmit the calculation results to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit.

[0020] Furthermore, the model shows that the volumetric series analysis unit includes: Volume Measurement Command Subunit: Used to issue volume measurement commands to the model detection discriminator module, requiring it to measure the spatial volume of the smallest model unit and the total volume of all visible models from the current viewpoint. Volume series calculation subunit: Used to receive volume measurement data fed back by the model detection discriminator module, calculate the display volume series of the model unit through a preset formula, and transmit the calculation result to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit.

[0021] Furthermore, the model information reading module includes: Model Unit Dividing Unit: Used to receive the marked model data transmitted by the BIM model import module, and define the smallest substructure model in the whole-hub scene model of the project as the smallest model unit; Attribute information organization unit: Used to classify and organize the attribute information of the unit's geometric structure, control dimensions, subordinate relationships, and professional parameters, taking the smallest model unit as the unit. Model structure tree construction unit: Used to organize the unit's results based on attribute information, construct the model category structure tree, and associate the attribute information of the model unit with the corresponding node in the structure tree.

[0022] Furthermore, the model reduction processing module includes: Multi-source information receiving unit: used to receive visibility information fed back by the model display filtering module and the reduction coefficient fed back by the model reduction analysis module, and complete information matching and integration according to the smallest model unit; Hierarchical Surface Reduction Execution Unit: Used to call the model surface reduction processing algorithm module, and perform hierarchical surface reduction processing on the smallest visible model unit based on the integrated visibility information and surface reduction coefficient; Data Feedback Unit: Used to collect data from all model units that have completed the reduction of polygons and feed this data back to the 3D visualization engine architecture.

[0023] Furthermore, the model detection discriminator module includes: Command Response Unit: Used to receive measurement commands issued by the Model Display Filtering Module and the Model Surface Reduction Analysis Module, parse the command requirements, and synchronize the parsing results to the 3D Spatial Marking Measurement Unit; Three-dimensional spatial marking and measurement unit: used to mark the coordinates of relevant surfaces and regions of the model in three-dimensional space using the ray method based on the analysis results of the command response unit, and to measure the geometric parameters of the model class; Data calculation and analysis unit: used to receive the marker and measurement data transmitted by the three-dimensional spatial marker measurement unit, perform calculation and analysis on the data, and complete the logical judgment of model visibility and geometric features; Result Feedback Unit: Used to receive the calculation and judgment results transmitted by the data calculation and analysis unit, and feed the results back to the model display filtering module or the model surface reduction analysis module according to the command source.

[0024] Furthermore, the specific processing flow of the model surface reduction algorithm module includes: S1. Preload all hub and professional engineering model information data within the program; S2. Real-time acquisition of model information reading module feedback information, and based on the feedback model structure category information, divide the model in the engineering scene into the smallest model unit for full model division; S3. Real-time acquisition of information from the model display filtering module, and real-time adjustment of visibility for the smallest model unit based on the feedback data and the spatial relationship between the scene model and the camera range from the current perspective. S4. Obtain information from the model reduction analysis module in real time and add reduction coefficient attribute data to the model and substructure in the engineering scene. S5. Traverse the smallest model unit and read the visibility and face reduction coefficient information of the smallest model unit; S6. Determine the face reduction coefficient attribute information of all visible smallest model units in the scene. If the face reduction coefficient of the current smallest model unit is greater than or equal to 70%, then execute step S7. If the reduction coefficient of the current smallest model unit is greater than or equal to 20% and less than 70%, then proceed to step S8; if the reduction coefficient of the current smallest model unit is less than 20%, then proceed to step S9. S7. For the smallest model unit with a reduction factor of 70% or more, in accordance with the principles of non-adjacent model faces, priority retention of larger model faces among adjacent model faces, and uniform reduction of model faces in the unit model, a maximum of 30% of model faces are uniformly deducted from the smallest model unit face. The processed smallest model unit data is then transmitted to the 3D visualization engine architecture. S8. For the smallest model unit with a reduction factor greater than or equal to 20% and less than 70%, first, according to the principle of step S7, uniformly deduct 30% to 80% of the model facets from the smallest model unit facets. Then, convert the remaining model facets into equally spaced spatial point lattices according to the program's display accuracy requirements. Retain the outline line segment nodes of the deleted model facets and process them synchronously with the model point lattice. Transmit the processed smallest model unit data to the 3D visualization engine architecture. S9. For the smallest model unit with a reduction factor of less than 20%, first, according to the principle of step S7, uniformly remove more than 80% of the model facets from the smallest model unit facets, then convert the remaining model facets into equally spaced spatial point lattices, filter out the outer contour projection section outline of the smallest model unit from the current viewpoint, process the outline, remaining model facets and model point lattices using the model point lattice method according to the program display accuracy requirements, and transmit the processed smallest model unit data to the 3D visualization engine architecture. S10. Determine whether the reduction of the face size of all the smallest model units has been completed. If not, return to step S6 to perform the reduction of the face size of the next smallest model unit. If it has been completed, proceed to step S11. S11. Display and adjust the processed minimum model unit data in real time within the space provided by the 3D visualization engine, and publish the processed model result data to the required program application modules.

[0025] Secondly, an automatic surface reduction and optimization display method for hydropower engineering models, applied to the aforementioned automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models, includes: The hydropower project BIM model and its ancillary information are imported into the 3D visualization engine architecture, and the model structure and category information are initially marked and organized. The marked and organized model data is then transferred to the model information reading module. Receive model data transmitted from the BIM model import module, divide the engineering model into units, and classify and organize the attribute information of the model units. The module issues a measurement command to the model detection and discriminator module, receives its feedback results, filters the visibility of the engineering model from the current viewpoint, and feeds the visibility information back to the model surface reduction processing module. The module issues measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, retrieves calculation parameters from the model category database module, calculates the surface reduction coefficient of the model unit in combination with the aforementioned data, and feeds back the surface reduction coefficient to the model surface reduction processing module. The system receives visibility information from the model display filtering module and the reduction coefficient from the model reduction analysis module, calls the model reduction processing algorithm module to perform differentiated reduction processing on the model, and feeds back the processed model data to the 3D visualization engine architecture. Store the class parameters required for the model reduction analysis, respond to parameter retrieval requests from the model reduction analysis module, and provide data support; The system responds to measurement commands issued by the model display filtering module and the model surface reduction analysis module, completes the marking, measurement, and data calculation and analysis in three-dimensional space, and feeds back the measurement and judgment results to the corresponding module that issued the command. It provides algorithmic support for the surface reduction operation of the model surface reduction module, enabling hierarchical lightweight processing of the model.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) It solves the problem of key structural deformation and misalignment caused by the indiscriminate reduction of the surface area of ​​the whole model of hydropower project in the existing technology. Differentiated surface reduction can be performed according to the characteristics of model category and structural importance. While ensuring the high-precision display of key engineering models such as dams and core equipment, it avoids engineering misjudgment caused by deformation of model structural features. (2) Effectively reduce the performance requirements of hardware equipment and program platform for displaying large-scale hydropower engineering models, shorten the model loading and running waiting time, and significantly improve the smoothness of operation of engineering digitization platform and application functions; (3) By using visibility filtering, only the model visible from the current viewpoint is subjected to reduction optimization, and the invalid operation of the invisible model is eliminated, which further improves the efficiency of lightweight processing; (4) Design appropriate surface reduction calculation rules for hydropower engineering building type, equipment type and terrain type models respectively, perform mesh splitting and fine processing on the overall terrain model, adapt to the structural characteristics of different types of hydropower engineering models, and the lightweight processing has stronger adaptability. (5) It can automatically perform surface reduction analysis and processing in real time based on the current perspective scene without manual intervention, and adapt to the real-time interactive needs of the three-dimensional visualization scene of hydropower projects. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of the automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The flowchart illustrates the execution of the model reduction algorithm provided in this embodiment of the invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement and numerical expressions of the components and steps described in these embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

[0030] The following description of exemplary embodiments is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the invention or its application or use in any way. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail herein, but where applicable, such techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of this specification.

[0031] Example 1 See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is an architecture diagram of an automatic surface reduction optimization display system for hydropower engineering models proposed in this invention, specifically including: M1, BIM Model Import Module: Used to import the BIM model and related information of hydropower projects into the 3D visualization engine architecture, perform preliminary marking and organization of model structure and category information, and transmit the marked and organized model data to the model information reading module; In practice, the BIM model of the entire hydropower project completed in the design phase, along with the professional parameters, structural attributes, and category information of the model, are imported into the 3D visualization engine architecture of various engineering intelligent platforms. The overall structural information and sub-structure category information of the read 3D model are structurally marked and initially organized. The marked model data is then transmitted to the model information reading module according to the preset data format, providing basic data for subsequent model unit division and attribute organization.

[0032] M2, Model Information Reading Module: Used to receive model data transmitted from the BIM model import module, divide the engineering model into units, and classify and organize the attribute information of the model units; specifically including: M21, Model Unit Dividing Unit: Used to receive the marked model data transmitted by the BIM model import module, and define the smallest substructure model in the entire project hub scene model as the smallest model unit; In practice, based on the category information and structural subordination in the model attributes, the smallest substructure model is extracted from the imported engineering hub scene model and used as a unified smallest model unit to achieve fine-grained model decomposition, providing a unified processing granularity for subsequent hierarchical surface reduction processing. M22, Attribute Information Organizing Unit: Used to classify and organize the attribute information of the unit's geometric structure, control dimensions, subordinate relationships, and professional parameters, taking the smallest model unit as the unit. In practice, the attribute information of each minimum model unit is classified, extracted, organized and stored according to four categories: geometric structure, control dimensions, structural attachments and professional technical parameters, to ensure that each attribute information is uniquely associated with the corresponding minimum model unit. M23, Model Structure Tree Construction Unit: Used to organize the unit's results based on attribute information, construct the model category structure tree, and associate the attribute information of the model unit with the corresponding node in the structure tree.

[0033] In practice, a hierarchical category structure tree of the entire engineering model is constructed based on the model category information. The attribute information of each smallest model unit completed by the attribute information organization unit is attached to the corresponding node in the structure tree. Subsequently, each functional module can directly retrieve the attribute data of the required model unit from the structure tree, realizing efficient data retrieval and calling.

[0034] M3, Model Display Filtering Module: This module issues measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, receives feedback results, and filters the visibility of the engineering model from the current viewpoint. It then feeds the visibility information back to the model reduction processing module. This module implements a two-layer filtering of model visibility through a visible range filtering unit and a visible logic filtering unit, filtering only model units that are visible and unobstructed from the current viewpoint, thus reducing subsequent invalid reduction calculations. Specifically, it includes: M31, Visible Range Filtering Unit: Used to issue detection commands to the model detection discriminator, receive the detection results from it, determine the visible range of the model from the current viewpoint, label the initially screened visible model units, and transmit their coordinate data to the visible logic filtering unit; specifically including: M311, Ray Detection Command Subunit: Used to issue ray emission and spatial intersection detection commands to the model detection discriminator, and synchronously transmit the current camera position and range parameters of the 3D visualization engine; In practice, a detection command is issued to the model detection discriminator module, and the viewpoint range parameters such as the current position, depth, height, and width of the current camera in the 3D visualization engine are transmitted synchronously. The model detection discriminator is instructed to emit a group of 3D detection rays from the camera position according to the number of frames displayed by the engine and the minimum detection accuracy.

[0035] M312, Visible Range Determination Subunit; used to receive the ray detection results fed back by the model detection discriminator, determine the model units that have spatial intersection with the detected ray, mark them as initially screened visible model units, and transmit the spatial coordinate data of the initially screened visible model units to the visible logic filtering unit; In practice, the smallest unit of three-dimensional space supported by the three-dimensional visualization engine is used as the criterion to determine whether there is a spatial intersection between the detection ray and the model unit. Model units with intersection are marked as initially visible model units, and their spatial coordinate data is extracted and transmitted to the visible logic filtering unit.

[0036] M32, Visibility Logic Filtering Unit: This unit receives the initial visible model unit coordinate data transmitted by the visibility range filtering unit, issues an occlusion judgment command to the model detection discriminator, determines the model occlusion logic relationship after receiving its feedback, marks the final visible model structure and substructure units, and feeds back the final visibility information to the model surface reduction processing module; specifically including: M321, Coordinate Receiving Subunit: Used to receive the coordinate data of the initial visible model unit transmitted by the visible range determination subunit of the visible range filtering unit, and synchronize it to the model detection discriminator; In practice, the complete spatial coordinate data of the initially screened visible model units is received, organized according to a preset format, and synchronized to the model detection and discriminator module to provide a coordinate basis for subsequent occlusion logic judgment.

[0037] M322, Occlusion Logic Determination Subunit: Used to receive the occlusion determination result fed back by the model detection discriminator, mark the lens to the unoccluded viewpoint of the model and form a visible surface, determine the model unit corresponding to the visible surface as the final visible model unit, and feed back the final visibility information and the corresponding model unit data to the model surface reduction processing module.

[0038] In practice, based on the results fed back by the model detection discriminator, the nearest intersection point from the detection ray marker lens to the initially screened visible model unit is the unobstructed visible point. Adjacent visible points are connected to form a visible surface. The model unit corresponding to the visible surface is determined as the final visible model unit. The information such as the identifier, coordinates, and visibility status of the final visible model unit is organized and fed back to the model surface reduction processing module.

[0039] M4, Model Surface Reduction Analysis Module: This module issues measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, retrieves calculation parameters from the model category database module, calculates the surface reduction coefficient of the model unit based on the aforementioned data, and feeds back the surface reduction coefficient to the model surface reduction processing module. This module is the core module for implementing differentiated surface reduction, calculating the surface reduction coefficient based on a series. Specifically, it includes: M41, Model Display Volume Level Analysis Unit: Used to issue volume measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, receive measurement data fed back by the model detection and discriminator module, calculate the display volume level of the model unit, and transmit the calculation result to the reduction surface coefficient analysis calculation unit; the calculation formula for the display volume level is:

[0040] in, This represents the display volume level corresponding to the smallest model unit. This represents the total volume occupied by the entire visible engineering model in the current scene. The volume occupied by the smallest model unit; Parameters are adjusted to display the volume levels; The model shows that the volumetric series analysis unit includes: M411, Volume Measurement Command Subunit: Used to issue volume measurement commands to the model detection discriminator, requiring it to measure the spatial volume of the smallest model unit and the total volume of all visible models from the current viewpoint; M412, Volume Series Calculation Subunit: Used to receive volume measurement data fed back by the model detection discriminator, calculate the display volume series of the model unit through a preset formula, and transmit the calculation result to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit.

[0041] M42, Model Category Level Analysis Unit: Used to retrieve key coefficient parameters from the model category database module, calculate the model category level by combining the measurement data from the model detection discriminator module, and transmit the calculation results to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit; the model category level includes: building model category level, equipment model category level and terrain model category level; The formula for calculating the category level of the building model is:

[0042] in, This represents the model category level corresponding to the smallest unit of the current building model; The criticality coefficient of the building; This represents the maximum control dimension of the current building model structure. The hydraulic structure level to which the current model unit belongs; This is a parameter representing the structural complexity of the building to which the current model element belongs; Adjust parameters for calculating the category level of architectural models; The formula for calculating the category level of the device model is:

[0043] in, This represents the model category level corresponding to the smallest unit of the current device model. The criticality coefficient of the equipment; This represents the maximum controllable dimension of the current equipment model structure. This represents the number of substructure model units contained in the current device model. The equipment corresponding to the model can typically be divided into several parts during installation and maintenance. Equipment-specific performance adjustment parameters; Calculate and adjust parameters for the category level of the equipment model; The formula for calculating the category level of the terrain model is:

[0044] in, This represents the model category level corresponding to the smallest unit of the current terrain model. This is the terrain criticality coefficient; This represents the maximum horizontal elevation difference of the current terrain model unit. The terrain complexity coefficient; These are the edge coefficients of the current terrain unit model; Adjust parameters for calculating the category level of terrain models; The model category series analysis unit includes: M421, Parameter Retrieval Subunit: Used to retrieve calculation parameters such as critical coefficients of category models, hydraulic structure levels, and the number of equipment that can be split from the model category database; In practice, based on the model's category information, the corresponding building criticality coefficient, equipment criticality coefficient, terrain criticality coefficient, as well as the required parameters for calculation such as hydraulic structure level, equipment installation and maintenance disassembly quantity, and equipment proprietary performance adjustment parameters are retrieved from the model category database module to provide data support for category level calculation.

[0045] M422, Model Classification Sub-unit: Used to retrieve model attribute data organized by the model information reading module, divide the engineering model into building type, equipment type and terrain type models, and simultaneously perform mesh generation processing on the terrain type model to form terrain model sub-structure unit; In practice, the attribute data of each smallest model unit is retrieved from the model category structure tree. The engineering model is divided into three categories according to the structural type: building, equipment, and terrain. For the terrain model, its horizontal projection perimeter is obtained first, and 5% of the perimeter is taken as the grid side length. The terrain model is divided into square grids with equal projection intervals. Each grid after division is used as a new terrain model substructure unit and serves as the smallest calculation unit of the terrain model.

[0046] M423, Category Level Calculation Unit: Used to combine the parameters of the sub-unit and the measurement data of the model detection discriminator to calculate the corresponding model category level for different categories of models, and transmit the calculation results to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit.

[0047] M43, Model Substructure Level Analysis Unit: Used to retrieve model structure data organized by the model information reading module, calculate the model substructure level, and transmit the model substructure level to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit; the calculation formula for the model substructure level is:

[0048] in, The number of substructure levels corresponding to the current model; This refers to the substructure layer number of the current model, as read by the model information reading module. Adjust parameters for calculating the substructure levels of the model; M44, Model Centering Level Analysis Unit: Used to issue distance measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, receive measurement data fed back by the model detection and discriminator module, calculate the model centering level, and transmit the calculation results to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit; the formula for calculating the model centering level is:

[0049] in, This represents the center level of the current model. This represents the minimum distance from the current model center point coordinates to the central axis in 3D space from the current camera viewpoint. Adjust parameters to center the level of the model; M45, Surface Reduction Coefficient Analysis and Calculation Unit: This unit receives the level calculation results from the model display volume level analysis unit, model category level analysis unit, model substructure level analysis unit, and model centering level analysis unit; calculates the model surface reduction coefficient; and feeds the model surface reduction coefficient back to the model surface reduction processing module. The formula for calculating the model surface reduction coefficient is:

[0050] in, This is the model reduction coefficient, used to express in real time the percentage of the remaining faces after model reduction from the current viewpoint, relative to the total number of faces in the current model; This represents the display volume level corresponding to the current structural unit model; The current structural unit model category level is selected based on the model category. The formula for calculating the value corresponds to the category; This represents the number of substructure levels in the current structural unit model. This is the level of the current structural unit model.

[0051] M5, Model Surface Reduction Processing Module: This module receives visibility information from the model display filtering module and surface reduction coefficients from the model surface reduction analysis module. It then calls the model surface reduction algorithm module to perform differentiated surface reduction processing on the model and feeds the processed model data back to the 3D visualization engine architecture. Specifically, it includes: M51, Multi-source Information Receiving Unit: Used to receive visibility information from the model display filtering module and the reduction coefficient from the model reduction analysis module, and complete information matching and integration according to the smallest model unit; In practice, the visibility information of the final visible model unit and the area reduction coefficient of each minimum model unit are received. Using the smallest model unit as the unique identifier, the visibility status and the reduction coefficient are matched and integrated one by one to form a reduction information table, which provides a basis for subsequent hierarchical reduction.

[0052] M52, Hierarchical Surface Reduction Execution Unit: Used to call the model surface reduction processing algorithm module, and perform hierarchical surface reduction processing on the smallest visible model unit based on the integrated visibility information and surface reduction coefficient; In practice, the model reduction algorithm module is invoked, all the smallest model units are traversed, and only for the model units marked as ultimately visible, the reduction coefficient is applied. The value range is processed by three levels of differential surface reduction. Model units that are not marked as visible are not subject to surface reduction and are skipped directly.

[0053] M53, Data Feedback Unit: Used to collect data from all model units that have completed the reduction of polygons and feed this data back to the 3D visualization engine architecture.

[0054] In practice, the geometric and structural data of all model units after the hierarchical reduction unit has completed processing are collected, organized according to the preset data format of the 3D visualization engine, and fed back to the engine architecture to provide processed data for the final display of the model.

[0055] M6, Model Category Database Module: Used to store class parameters required for model surface reduction analysis, respond to parameter retrieval requests from the model surface reduction analysis module, and provide data support; In practical implementation, this module is a structured database that pre-collects and stores all parameters required for model reduction analysis, such as the critical coefficients of various types of engineering model units (critical coefficients of buildings, equipment, and terrain), the hydraulic structure level to which each model belongs, the number of equipment models that can usually be disassembled during installation and maintenance, the proprietary performance adjustment parameters of each equipment, and the adjustment parameters for various levels of calculation. When the model reduction analysis module issues a parameter retrieval request, it retrieves and returns the corresponding parameters in real time according to the request content, realizing unified management and efficient retrieval of parameters.

[0056] M7, Model Detection and Discriminator Module: Responds to measurement commands issued by the Model Display and Filtering Module and the Model Surface Reduction Analysis Module, completes 3D spatial marking, measurement, and data calculation and analysis, and feeds back the measurement and judgment results to the corresponding module that issued the command; specifically including: M71, Command Response Unit: Used to receive measurement commands issued by the Model Display Filtering Module and the Model Surface Reduction Analysis Module, parse the command requirements, and synchronize the parsing results to the 3D Spatial Marking Measurement Unit; In practice, the system receives visible range detection and occlusion logic judgment commands from the model display filtering module, as well as volume measurement and distance measurement commands from the model surface reduction analysis module. It then parses the command type, measurement object, and measurement requirements, and synchronizes the parsed instructions to the three-dimensional spatial marker measurement unit.

[0057] M72, 3D Spatial Marking Measurement Unit: Used to mark the coordinates of relevant surfaces and regions of the model in 3D space using the ray method based on the analytical results of the command response unit, and to measure the geometric parameters of the model. In practice, based on the parsed instructions, the ray casting method is used to emit detection rays from the current camera position and visible range into the three-dimensional space without visible rendering. The coordinates of the surfaces and regions related to the model are marked in the three-dimensional space. At the same time, the volume of the model unit, the distance from the center point to the center axis of the camera, the maximum control size of the structure, and other geometric parameters are measured. The marked coordinates and the original measurement data are then transmitted to the data calculation and analysis unit.

[0058] M73, Data Calculation and Analysis Unit: Used to receive the marker and measurement data transmitted by the three-dimensional spatial marker measurement unit, perform calculations and analysis on the data, and complete the logical judgment of model visibility and geometric features; In practice, the marked coordinates and original measurement data are calculated, statistically analyzed, and the results of calculation are obtained, such as the spatial volume, distance value, height difference, and complexity coefficient of the model unit. At the same time, logical judgments such as model visibility range determination and occlusion logic determination are completed to form complete measurement and judgment result data.

[0059] M74, Result Feedback Unit: Used to receive the calculation and judgment results transmitted by the data calculation and analysis unit, and feed the results back to the model display filtering module or the model surface reduction analysis module according to the command source.

[0060] In practice, the calculation and judgment results are fed back to the visible range filtering unit and visible logic filtering unit of the model display filtering module, or the model display volume level analysis unit and model centering level analysis unit of the model reduction analysis module, according to the source of the measurement command, to ensure that the result data and the request unit are accurately matched.

[0061] M8, Model Surface Reduction Algorithm Module: This module provides algorithmic support for the surface reduction operation of the model surface reduction module, enabling hierarchical lightweight model processing.

[0062] For specific implementation, please refer to Figure 2 This algorithm module provides the core algorithm logic for the hierarchical surface reduction execution unit of the model surface reduction processing module. The algorithm process is executed according to the following steps, traversing all the smallest model units to complete the differentiated surface reduction processing: S1. Preload all hub and professional engineering model information data within the program; S2. Real-time acquisition of model information reading module feedback information, and based on the feedback model structure category information, divide the model in the engineering scene into the smallest model unit for full model division; S3. Real-time acquisition of information from the model display filtering module, and real-time adjustment of visibility for the smallest model unit based on the feedback data and the spatial relationship between the scene model and the camera range from the current perspective. S4. Obtain information from the model reduction analysis module in real time and add reduction coefficient attribute data to the model and substructure in the engineering scene. S5. Traverse the smallest model unit and read the visibility and face reduction coefficient information of the smallest model unit; S6. Determine the face reduction coefficient attribute information of all visible minimum model units in the scene. If the face reduction coefficient of the current minimum model unit is greater than or equal to 70%, then execute step S7; if the face reduction coefficient of the current minimum model unit is greater than or equal to 20% and less than 70%, then execute step S8; if the face reduction coefficient of the current minimum model unit is less than 20%, then execute step S9. S7. For the smallest model unit with a reduction factor of 70% or more, in accordance with the principles of non-adjacent model faces, priority retention of larger model faces among adjacent model faces, and uniform reduction of model faces in each part of the unit model, model faces within 30% are uniformly deducted from each face of the smallest model unit, and the processed smallest model unit data is transmitted to the 3D visualization engine architecture. S8. For the smallest model unit with a reduction factor greater than or equal to 20% and less than 70%, first, according to the principle of step S7, uniformly deduct 30% to 80% of the model facets from each face of the smallest model unit. Then, convert the remaining model faces into equally spaced spatial point lattices according to the program's display accuracy requirements. Keep the outline line segment nodes of the deleted model faces and process them synchronously with the model point lattice. Transmit the processed smallest model unit data to the 3D visualization engine architecture. S9. For the smallest model unit with a reduction factor of less than 20%, first, according to the principle of step S7, uniformly deduct more than 80% of the model facets from each face of the smallest model unit, then convert the remaining model facets into equally spaced spatial lattices, filter out the outer contour projection section outline of the smallest model unit from the current viewpoint, process the outline, remaining model facets and model lattice using the model lattice method according to the program display accuracy requirements, and transmit the processed smallest model unit data to the 3D visualization engine architecture. S10. Determine whether the reduction of the face size of all the smallest model units has been completed. If not, return to step S6 to perform the reduction of the face size of the next smallest model unit. If it has been completed, proceed to step S11. S11. Display and adjust the processed minimum model unit data in real time within the space provided by the 3D visualization engine, and publish the processed model result data to the required program application modules.

[0063] Example 2 This embodiment employs the automatic identification and replacement system for scanning models in hydropower engineering hub scenes proposed in this invention. Taking the automatic identification and replacement of scanning models in a hydropower engineering hub scene as an example, it proposes an automatic reduction and optimization display method for hydropower engineering models. The specific implementation steps include: B1. Before the actual application of the project, complete the research and development of each functional module and supporting algorithm involved in the invention, and collect a large amount of engineering model BIM data to complete the collection, organization and writing of various parameter data in the model category database. During the development of the project's digital platform, the relevant program and algorithm code corresponding to each functional module, category database and model detection discriminator involved in the invention will be written into the overall architecture of the digital platform, and various functional interfaces will be reserved for the platform's 3D visualization engine to call.

[0064] B2. Install and deploy the project digital platform on the project site control center server and corresponding PC, and test the functions and program algorithms of each application module involved in this invention, and check whether the command issuance and data exchange between each application module, model detection discriminator, and model category database are normal.

[0065] B3. Using the BIM model import module, import the BIM model of the entire power station hub project scene into the platform's 3D engine. Then, using the model information reading module, construct a structure tree based on the information of each model category, read the geometric structure, control dimensions, subordinate relationships, professional parameters and related attribute information contained in each model unit, and associate them with the corresponding items in the model category structure tree.

[0066] B4. Use the model display filtering module to issue corresponding detection commands to the model detection discriminator. Use the marking and measurement functions of the model detection discriminator to perform model marking and visibility analysis based on the coordinates of each model in the three-dimensional space from the current perspective through the detection rays, and feed back the judgment results to the model reduction processing module in real time.

[0067] B5. Using the model reduction analysis module, the display volume level, model category level, model substructure level, and model centering level of each model unit are analyzed and calculated based on factors such as the spatial arrangement of the model to be displayed from the current perspective, model category, and model substructure. The real-time reduction coefficient corresponding to each model unit is calculated based on the analysis of various levels, so that the subsequent model reduction processing module can perform different levels of lightweight reduction processing according to the characteristics, criticality, and real-time situation in the perspective of each model.

[0068] B6. The model reduction module reads the reduction coefficients of each model unit from the model reduction analysis module. Using the model reduction algorithm, the model in the scene is reduced in three levels according to the current value of the reduction coefficient of each model unit. The model unit is then displayed and adjusted in real time within the space provided by the 3D engine. The reduced model result is then published to the required application module in real time.

[0069] B7. Call and display the real-time lightweight processed full-hub scene model of the project in various functional applications of the project digitization platform.

[0070] The above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models, characterized in that, include: BIM Model Import Module: Used to import the BIM model and related information of hydropower projects into the 3D visualization engine architecture, perform preliminary marking and organization of model structure and category information, and transfer the marked and organized model data to the model information reading module; Model Information Reading Module: Used to receive model data transmitted from the BIM Model Import Module, divide the engineering model into units, and classify and organize the attribute information of the model units; Model display filtering module: It is used to issue measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, receive its feedback results, filter the visibility of the engineering model from the current viewpoint, and feed the visibility information back to the model surface reduction processing module. Model Reduction Analysis Module: Used to issue measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, retrieve calculation parameters from the model category database module, calculate the reduction coefficient of the model unit in combination with the aforementioned data, and feed the reduction coefficient back to the model reduction processing module; Model Surface Reduction Processing Module: This module receives visibility information from the model display filtering module and surface reduction coefficients from the model surface reduction analysis module. It then calls the model surface reduction processing algorithm module to perform differentiated surface reduction processing on the model and feeds the processed model data back to the 3D visualization engine architecture. Model Category Database Module: Used to store class parameters required for model surface reduction analysis, respond to parameter retrieval requests from the model surface reduction analysis module, and provide data support; Model detection and discriminator module: It is used to respond to the measurement commands issued by the model display and filtering module and the model surface reduction analysis module, complete the marking, measurement and data calculation and analysis in three-dimensional space, and feed back the measurement and judgment results to the corresponding module that issued the command; Model Surface Reduction Algorithm Module: This module provides algorithmic support for the surface reduction operation of the model surface reduction module, enabling hierarchical lightweight model processing. The specific processing flow of the model surface reduction algorithm module includes: S1. Preload all hub and professional engineering model information data within the program; S2. Real-time acquisition of model information reading module feedback information, and based on the feedback model structure category information, divide the model in the engineering scene into the smallest model unit for full model division; S3. Real-time acquisition of information from the model display filtering module, and real-time adjustment of visibility for the smallest model unit based on the feedback data and the spatial relationship between the scene model and the camera range from the current perspective. S4. Obtain information from the model reduction analysis module in real time and add reduction coefficient attribute data to the model and substructure in the engineering scene. S5. Traverse the smallest model unit and read the visibility and face reduction coefficient information of the smallest model unit; S6. Determine the face reduction coefficient attribute information of all visible smallest model units in the scene. If the face reduction coefficient of the current smallest model unit is greater than or equal to 70%, then execute step S7. If the reduction coefficient of the current smallest model unit is greater than or equal to 20% and less than 70%, then proceed to step S8; if the reduction coefficient of the current smallest model unit is less than 20%, then proceed to step S9. S7. For the smallest model unit with a reduction factor of 70% or more, in accordance with the principles of non-adjacent model faces, priority retention of larger model faces among adjacent model faces, and uniform reduction of model faces in the unit model, a maximum of 30% of model faces are uniformly deducted from the smallest model unit face. The processed smallest model unit data is then transmitted to the 3D visualization engine architecture. S8. For the smallest model unit with a reduction factor greater than or equal to 20% and less than 70%, first, according to the principle of step S7, uniformly deduct 30% to 80% of the model facets from the smallest model unit facets. Then, convert the remaining model facets into equally spaced spatial point lattices according to the program's display accuracy requirements. Retain the outline line segment nodes of the deleted model facets and process them synchronously with the model point lattice. Transmit the processed smallest model unit data to the 3D visualization engine architecture. S9. For the smallest model unit with a reduction factor of less than 20%, first, according to the principle of step S7, uniformly remove more than 80% of the model facets from the smallest model unit facets, then convert the remaining model facets into equally spaced spatial point lattices, filter out the outer contour projection section outline of the smallest model unit from the current viewpoint, process the outline, remaining model facets and model point lattices using the model point lattice method according to the program display accuracy requirements, and transmit the processed smallest model unit data to the 3D visualization engine architecture. S10. Determine whether the reduction of the face size of all the smallest model units has been completed. If not, return to step S6 to perform the reduction of the face size of the next smallest model unit. If it has been completed, proceed to step S11. S11. Display and adjust the processed minimum model unit data in real time within the space provided by the 3D visualization engine, and publish the processed model result data to the required program application modules.

2. The automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model display filtering module includes: Visible Range Filtering Unit: Used to issue detection commands to the model detection discriminator module, receive the detection results from it, determine the visible range of the model under the current view, label the initially screened visible model units and transmit their coordinate data to the visible logic filtering unit; Visible Logic Filtering Unit: This unit receives the coordinate data of the initially visible model units transmitted by the visible range filtering unit, issues an occlusion judgment command to the model detection discriminator module, determines the occlusion logic relationship of the model after receiving its feedback, marks the final visible model structure and substructure units, and feeds back the final visibility information to the model surface reduction processing module.

3. The automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models according to claim 2, characterized in that, The visible range filtering unit includes: Ray detection command subunit: used to issue ray emission and spatial intersection detection commands to the model detection discriminator module, and synchronously transmit the current camera position and range parameters of the 3D visualization engine; The visible range determination subunit is used to receive the ray detection results fed back by the model detection discriminator module, determine the model units that have spatial intersection with the detected ray, mark them as initially screened visible model units, and transmit the spatial coordinate data of the initially screened visible model units to the visible logic filtering unit.

4. The automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models according to claim 2, characterized in that, The visible logic filtering unit includes: Coordinate receiving subunit: Used to receive the coordinate data of the initially screened visible model units transmitted by the visible range determination subunit of the visible range filtering unit, and synchronize it to the model detection discriminator module; Occlusion Logic Determination Subunit: Used to receive the occlusion determination result fed back by the model detection discriminator module, mark the unoccluded viewpoint of the lens to the model and form a visible surface, determine the model unit corresponding to the visible surface as the final visible model unit, and feed back the final visibility information and the corresponding model unit data to the model surface reduction processing module.

5. The automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model surface reduction analysis module includes: The model display volumetric level analysis unit is used to issue volume measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, receive measurement data fed back by the model detection and discriminator module, calculate the display volumetric level of the model unit, and transmit the calculation results to the reduction surface coefficient analysis calculation unit; the calculation formula for the display volumetric level is: in, This represents the display volume level corresponding to the smallest model unit. This represents the total volume occupied by the entire visible engineering model in the current scene. The volume occupied by the smallest model unit; Parameters are adjusted to display the volume levels; Model category level analysis unit: used to retrieve key coefficient parameters from the model category database module, calculate the model category level by combining the measurement data of the model detection discriminator module, and transmit the calculation results to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit; the model category level includes: building model category level, equipment model category level and terrain model category level; The formula for calculating the category level of the building model is: in, This represents the model category level corresponding to the smallest unit of the current building model; The criticality coefficient of the building; This represents the maximum control dimension of the current building model structure. The hydraulic structure level to which the current model unit belongs; This is a parameter representing the structural complexity of the building to which the current model element belongs; Adjust parameters for calculating the category level of architectural models; The formula for calculating the category level of the device model is: in, This represents the model category level corresponding to the smallest unit of the current device model. The criticality coefficient of the equipment; This represents the maximum controllable dimension of the current equipment model structure. This represents the number of substructure model units contained in the current device model. The equipment corresponding to the model can typically be divided into several parts during installation and maintenance. Equipment-specific performance adjustment parameters; Calculate and adjust parameters for the category level of the equipment model; The formula for calculating the category level of the terrain model is: in, This represents the model category level corresponding to the smallest unit of the current terrain model. This is the terrain criticality coefficient; This represents the maximum horizontal elevation difference of the current terrain model unit. The terrain complexity coefficient; These are the edge coefficients of the current terrain unit model; Adjust parameters for calculating the category level of terrain models; Model substructure level analysis unit: used to retrieve model structure data organized by the model information reading module, calculate the model substructure level, and transmit the model substructure level to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit; the calculation formula for the model substructure level is: in, The number of substructure levels corresponding to the current model; This refers to the substructure layer number of the current model, as read by the model information reading module. Adjust parameters for calculating the substructure levels of the model; Model centering level analysis unit: This unit issues distance measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, receives measurement data from the model detection and discriminator module, calculates the model centering level, and transmits the calculation results to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit. The formula for calculating the model centering level is: in, This represents the center level of the current model. This represents the minimum distance from the current model center point coordinates to the central axis in 3D space from the current camera viewpoint. Adjust parameters to center the level of the model; The surface reduction coefficient analysis and calculation unit is used to receive the level calculation results from the model display volume level analysis unit, model category level analysis unit, model substructure level analysis unit, and model centering level analysis unit, calculate the model surface reduction coefficient, and feed the model surface reduction coefficient back to the model surface reduction processing module; the calculation formula for the model surface reduction coefficient is: in, Subtract the surface coefficient from the model; This represents the display volume level corresponding to the current structural unit model; The current structural unit model category level is selected based on the model category. The formula for calculating the value corresponds to the category; This represents the number of substructure levels in the current structural unit model. This is the level of the current structural unit model.

6. The automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models according to claim 5, characterized in that, The model category series analysis unit includes: Parameter retrieval subunit: Used to retrieve calculation parameters such as critical coefficients of the category model, hydraulic structure level, and number of equipment that can be split from the model category database; Model classification sub-unit: Used to retrieve model attribute data organized by the model information reading module, divide the engineering model into building type, equipment type and terrain type models, and simultaneously perform mesh generation processing on terrain type models to form terrain model sub-structure units; Category level calculation unit: It is used to combine the parameters of the sub-unit and the measurement data of the model detection discriminator module to calculate the corresponding model category level for different categories of models, and transmit the calculation results to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit.

7. The automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models according to claim 5, characterized in that, The model displays a volumetric series analysis unit including: Volume Measurement Command Subunit: Used to issue volume measurement commands to the model detection discriminator module, requiring it to measure the spatial volume of the smallest model unit and the total volume of all visible models from the current viewpoint. Volume series calculation subunit: Used to receive volume measurement data fed back by the model detection discriminator module, calculate the display volume series of the model unit through a preset formula, and transmit the calculation result to the surface reduction coefficient analysis calculation unit.

8. The automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model information reading module includes: Model Unit Dividing Unit: Used to receive the marked model data transmitted by the BIM model import module, and define the smallest substructure model in the whole-hub scene model of the project as the smallest model unit; Attribute information organization unit: Used to classify and organize the attribute information of the unit's geometric structure, control dimensions, subordinate relationships, and professional parameters, taking the smallest model unit as the unit. Model structure tree construction unit: Used to organize the unit's results based on attribute information, construct the model category structure tree, and associate the attribute information of the model unit with the corresponding node in the structure tree.

9. The automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model surface reduction processing module includes: Multi-source information receiving unit: used to receive visibility information fed back by the model display filtering module and the reduction coefficient fed back by the model reduction analysis module, and complete information matching and integration according to the smallest model unit; Hierarchical Surface Reduction Execution Unit: Used to call the model surface reduction processing algorithm module, and perform hierarchical surface reduction processing on the smallest visible model unit based on the integrated visibility information and surface reduction coefficient; Data Feedback Unit: Used to collect data from all model units that have completed the reduction of polygons and feed this data back to the 3D visualization engine architecture.

10. The automatic surface reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models according to claim 1, characterized in that, The model detection discriminator module includes: Command Response Unit: Used to receive measurement commands issued by the Model Display Filtering Module and the Model Surface Reduction Analysis Module, parse the command requirements, and synchronize the parsing results to the 3D Spatial Marking Measurement Unit; Three-dimensional spatial marking and measurement unit: used to mark the coordinates of relevant surfaces and regions of the model in three-dimensional space using the ray method based on the analysis results of the command response unit, and to measure the geometric parameters of the model class; Data calculation and analysis unit: used to receive the marker and measurement data transmitted by the three-dimensional spatial marker measurement unit, perform calculation and analysis on the data, and complete the logical judgment of model visibility and geometric features; Result Feedback Unit: Used to receive the calculation and judgment results transmitted by the data calculation and analysis unit, and feed the results back to the model display filtering module or the model surface reduction analysis module according to the command source.

11. A method for automatically reducing the surface area and optimizing the display of a hydropower engineering model, applied to the automatic surface area reduction and optimization display system for hydropower engineering models as described in any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that, include: The hydropower project BIM model and its ancillary information are imported into the 3D visualization engine architecture, and the model structure and category information are initially marked and organized. The marked and organized model data is then transferred to the model information reading module. Receive model data transmitted from the BIM model import module, divide the engineering model into units, and classify and organize the attribute information of the model units. The module issues a measurement command to the model detection and discriminator module, receives its feedback results, filters the visibility of the engineering model from the current viewpoint, and feeds the visibility information back to the model surface reduction processing module. The module issues measurement commands to the model detection and discriminator module, retrieves calculation parameters from the model category database module, calculates the surface reduction coefficient of the model unit in combination with the aforementioned data, and feeds back the surface reduction coefficient to the model surface reduction processing module. The system receives visibility information from the model display filtering module and the reduction coefficient from the model reduction analysis module, calls the model reduction processing algorithm module to perform differentiated reduction processing on the model, and feeds back the processed model data to the 3D visualization engine architecture. Store the class parameters required for the model reduction analysis, respond to parameter retrieval requests from the model reduction analysis module, and provide data support; The system responds to measurement commands issued by the model display filtering module and the model surface reduction analysis module, completes the marking, measurement, and data calculation and analysis in three-dimensional space, and feeds back the measurement and judgment results to the corresponding module that issued the command. It provides algorithmic support for the surface reduction operation of the model surface reduction module, enabling hierarchical lightweight processing of the model.

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