High and low temperature resistant and aging resistant cloth electric wire and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a high and low temperature resistant and aging resistant cloth electric wire and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of electric wires and cables. The high and low temperature resistant and aging resistant cloth electric wire comprises a wire core and a modified polyvinyl chloride insulating layer covering the wire core, wherein the modified polyvinyl chloride insulating layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 80-100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 10-20 parts of hydrogenated butyronitrile rubber, 5-15 parts of polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer, 10-25 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant, 3-8 parts of linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, 4-8 parts of heat stabilizer, 3-6 parts of plasticizer, 1.5-3.5 parts of lubricant, 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant and 0.3-1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorber. The cloth electric wire prepared by the application has the advantages of wide temperature range adaptability, aging resistance and flame retardation and smoke suppression performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wire and cable technology, specifically to a high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging fabric wire and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With economic development, the prevalence of electrical appliances is increasing, leading to a surge in the use of wires. Wires and cables come in numerous types and have a wide range of applications, spanning industries such as power, construction, communications, and manufacturing, and are closely related to all sectors of the national economy. Building wires, also known as BV wires or simply PVC insulated copper wires, are copper core wires with PVC insulation. The "B" indicates the type (building wire), and the "V" indicates the insulation material (PVC). Building wires are widely used in low-voltage and medium-voltage power systems, transmitting power, transmitting signals, and controlling circuits in residential, commercial, and industrial buildings. They play a crucial role in national emergencies, and building wires are often used in indoor wiring, requiring strict safety standards during use.

[0003] With the diversification of application scenarios, stringent requirements have been placed on the high and low temperature resistance and aging resistance of electrical wires. In existing technologies, the insulation layer of electrical wires mostly uses ordinary polyvinyl chloride (PVC), which has the following core defects: First, it has a narrow high and low temperature resistance range. The long-term operating temperature of ordinary PVC-insulated electrical wires is only -15℃ to 70℃. In low-temperature environments, it is prone to brittleness and insulation failure, while in high-temperature environments, it is prone to softening and a sharp decrease in mechanical strength. Second, it has poor aging resistance. Long-term exposure to environments such as heat, oxygen, ultraviolet radiation, and humid heat easily leads to molecular chain degradation and cross-linking, causing the insulation layer to yellow, powder, and crack, thus causing safety hazards such as leakage and short circuits. Therefore, the existing electrical wire insulation layers have defects such as poor high and low temperature resistance and poor aging resistance, which greatly limits the use of this technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging electrical wire and its preparation method, thereby solving the following technical problems: Existing polyvinyl chloride (PVC) materials for electrical wiring have problems with poor resistance to high and low temperatures and poor aging resistance.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A type of high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging cloth wire, comprising: wire core; A modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer is wrapped around the wire core; The modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer comprises at least the following parts by weight of raw materials: 80-100 parts of polyvinyl chloride; 10-20 parts of hydrogenated nitrile rubber; 5-15 parts of polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer; 10-25 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant; 3-8 parts of linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane; 4-8 parts of heat stabilizer; 3-6 parts of plasticizer; 1.5-3.5 parts of lubricant; 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant; 0.3-1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorber.

[0006] As a further aspect of the present invention: the wire core is an oxygen-free copper conductor or a tin-plated copper conductor, and the thickness of the modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer is 0.5-1.5 mm.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention, the preparation method of the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant includes at least the following preparation steps: A boron nitride aqueous dispersion and magnesium oxide were added to a ball mill, ball milled, and then subjected to a hydrothermal reaction. After drying, a boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant was obtained. The boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant, vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water are mixed, ammonia is added, and after reaction, the mixture is filtered, washed and dried to obtain a vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant.

[0008] As a further aspect of the present invention: the mass ratio of boron nitride to magnesium oxide is 1:10-15, and the amount of vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent is 1-5% of the mass of the boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant.

[0009] As a further aspect of the present invention, the linoleic acid-modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane comprises at least the following preparation steps: Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and linoleic acid were added to ethanol, stirred and reacted, filtered, dried and ground to obtain linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane.

[0010] As a further aspect of the present invention: the mass ratio of the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to the linoleic acid is 1:0.2-0.5.

[0011] As a further aspect of the present invention: the acrylonitrile content in the hydrogenated nitrile rubber is 25-40%, and the degree of hydrogenation is 85-99%.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention: the polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer is obtained by copolymerizing polyvinyl chloride and acrylic acid, and the grafting rate of the acrylic acid is 15-30%.

[0013] As a further aspect of the present invention: the heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite heat stabilizer; the plasticizer is at least one of dioctyl sebacate or epoxidized soybean oil; the lubricant is at least one of stearic acid, polyethylene wax, or silicone; the antioxidant is at least one of phenolic antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, or thioester antioxidants; and the ultraviolet absorber is at least one of n-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone or 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzotriazole.

[0014] A method for preparing a high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging electrical wire as described in any one of the above claims includes at least the following preparation steps: Polyvinyl chloride, hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber, polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer, vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant, linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, heat stabilizer, plasticizer, lubricant, antioxidant, and ultraviolet absorber are added to an internal mixer and mixed at 145-160℃ for 8-12 minutes to obtain a blended modified material; The blended modified material is added to a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion, water cooling, and pelletizing. It is then added to a single-screw extruder for melt extrusion, coating the surface of the wire core. After cooling, traction, and winding, a high- and low-temperature resistant and anti-aging fabric wire is obtained.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This invention provides a high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging building wire. A modified polyvinyl chloride (PVC) insulation layer is formed on a copper conductor core. The modified PVC insulation layer uses PVC as the base material and introduces hydrogenated nitrile rubber and PVC-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer to form a resin matrix. Vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant, linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and other processing aids are added to give the modified PVC insulation layer excellent wide temperature range adaptability, long-lasting resistance to thermo-oxidative and ultraviolet aging, highly efficient and synergistic flame retardant and smoke suppression properties, and balanced and stable mechanical and electrical insulation properties. The hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber introduced in this invention provides excellent low-temperature toughness and resistance to heat and oxygen aging due to its highly saturated structure, effectively compensating for the low-temperature brittleness of polyvinyl chloride (PVC). The introduced PVC-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer, as a compatibilizer, has PVC segments that are completely compatible with the PVC matrix, while the polyacrylic acid segments interact strongly with the polar groups on the surface of the hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber and other fillers. This significantly improves the interfacial compatibility and stress transfer efficiency of the multiphase, multi-component system, ensuring that the modified PVC insulation layer maintains stable flexibility and mechanical strength in a wide temperature range of -40℃ to 120℃. It can be widely used in scenarios such as power laying in cold regions, wiring in high-temperature industrial workshops, and cables in harsh outdoor environments, fully meeting the long-term stable use requirements of power lines under extreme working conditions.

[0016] This invention prepares a vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent-modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant via a two-step method: hydrothermal synthesis and in-situ modification. The hydrothermal method promotes the in-situ growth of magnesium hydroxide microcrystals on the surface of boron nitride nanosheets. During combustion, magnesium hydroxide decomposes, releasing water of crystallization and absorbing a large amount of heat, thus lowering the surface temperature of the insulation layer. Simultaneously, the resulting dense magnesium oxide layer blocks the diffusion of oxygen and combustibles. The layered structure of boron nitride further enhances the blocking effect of magnesium oxide, improving flame retardant performance. Through graft modification with the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent, siloxane groups form covalent bonds with the hydroxyl groups on the flame retardant surface. The vinyl groups undergo free radical grafting reactions with polyvinyl chloride during processing, effectively solving the problems of poor compatibility and easy agglomeration of traditional composite flame retardants with polyvinyl chloride. This avoids the degradation of the mechanical properties of the insulation layer and processing defects caused by flame retardant agglomeration, and ensures long-lasting, undiminished flame retardant performance. At the same time, the combination of magnesium hydroxide's high smoke suppression and boron nitride's thermal conductivity and insulation properties results in low smoke emission from wires during fires and improved heat dissipation performance.

[0017] This invention modifies polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes with linoleic acid. The molecular structure of these polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes is a three-dimensional cage-like siloxane skeleton, possessing excellent thermal stability. This inhibits the slippage and degradation of PVC molecular chains at high temperatures, significantly increasing the heat distortion temperature of the insulation layer. Furthermore, their dense structure can block UV-induced damage to PVC molecular chains, synergistically improving the photoaging resistance of the insulation layer in conjunction with UV absorbers. The long, hydrophobic carbon chains of linoleic acid significantly enhance the dispersibility of the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes in the polymer matrix, preventing aggregation caused by hydrogen bonding and allowing for uniform dispersion at the nanoscale. This effectively restricts polymer chain movement and improves the material's high-temperature creep resistance. Simultaneously, the active unsaturated double bonds retained on the linoleic acid chains preferentially capture free radicals generated during thermo-oxidative aging, thereby interrupting free radical chain reactions and actively delaying the thermo-oxidative aging process of the polymer from a chemical mechanism perspective. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] Example 1: The preparation method of polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer includes the following steps: 100g of polyvinyl chloride (SG5) was premixed with 10g of acrylic acid and 1g of initiator dicumyl peroxide in a high-speed mixer for 5 min. The mixture was then added to a kneader and reacted at 120°C for 15 min to obtain the grafted product. The product was washed three times with methanol to remove unreacted acrylic acid monomers and then dried in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C for 12 h to obtain polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer.

[0020] Example 2: The preparation method of the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant includes the following steps: 2g of boron nitride (1μm) was added to 120mL of deionized water and ultrasonically dispersed for 5min to obtain an aqueous dispersion of boron nitride. The dispersion was then added to a ball mill, and 25g of magnesium oxide (DH96) was added. The mixture was ball-milled at 300r at room temperature for 2h. After ball milling, the mixture was subjected to a hydrothermal reaction at 110℃ for 2h. The hydrothermal reaction product was then transferred to a constant temperature drying oven and dried at 100℃ for 5h to obtain a boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant. Mix 15g of the above boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant, 0.45g of vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent, 300mL of anhydrous ethanol and 30mL of deionized water, add 2mL of 25% ammonia water, heat to 50℃ and stir continuously for 3h, filter, wash 3 times with anhydrous ethanol, and dry at 50℃ for 24h to obtain vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant.

[0021] Example 3: The preparation method of linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane includes the following steps: 10g of the above polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (OXT-121) and 3.5g of linoleic acid were added to ethanol. The mixture was stirred in a water bath at 45°C to fully dissolve the linoleic acid. Then the temperature was raised to 60°C and the reaction was carried out for 1 hour. After filtration, drying and grinding, linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane was obtained.

[0022] Example 4: The preparation method of high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging building wire includes the following steps: 90 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride (SG5), 15 parts by weight of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (ZN35156), 10 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer prepared in Example 1 (grafting rate 22%), 18 parts by weight of the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant prepared in Example 2, 5 parts by weight of the linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane prepared in Example 3, 6 parts by weight of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, 4 parts by weight of epoxidized soybean oil, 1 part by weight of lubricant stearic acid, 1.5 parts by weight of polyethylene wax, 0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant 1010, 0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant 168 and 0.5 parts by weight of ultraviolet absorber UV-327 were added into an internal mixer and mixed at 150-160°C and 40 r / min for 10 min to obtain a blended modified material.

[0023] The above-mentioned blended modified material was added to a twin-screw extruder (temperature 155-165℃) for melt extrusion, water cooling, and pelletizing. Then it was added to a single-screw extruder (temperature 155-160℃) for melt extrusion, coating the core surface of 19 strands of 0.3mm tin-plated copper wire. After cooling, traction, and winding, a high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging cloth wire with a modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer thickness of 0.8mm was obtained.

[0024] Example 5: The preparation method of high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging building wire includes the following steps: 80 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride (SG5), 12 parts by weight of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (ZN35156), 12 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer prepared in Example 1 (grafting rate 22%), 25 parts by weight of the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant prepared in Example 2, 8 parts by weight of the linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane prepared in Example 3, 6 parts by weight of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, 3 parts by weight of epoxidized soybean oil, 1 part by weight of lubricant stearic acid, 1.5 parts by weight of polyethylene wax, 0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant 1010, 0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant 168 and 0.5 parts by weight of ultraviolet absorber UV-327 were put into a mixer and mixed at 150-160°C and 40 r / min for 10 min to obtain a blended modified material.

[0025] The above-mentioned blended modified material was added to a twin-screw extruder (temperature 155-165℃) for melt extrusion, water cooling, and pelletizing. Then it was added to a single-screw extruder (temperature 155-160℃) for melt extrusion, coating the core surface of 19 strands of 0.3mm tin-plated copper wire. After cooling, traction, and winding, a high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging cloth wire with a modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer thickness of 0.8mm was obtained.

[0026] Example 6: The preparation method of high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging building wire includes the following steps: 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl chloride (SG5), 10 parts by weight of hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (ZN35156), 5 parts by weight of the polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer prepared in Example 1 (grafting rate 22%), 10 parts by weight of the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant prepared in Example 2, 3 parts by weight of the linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane prepared in Example 3, 6 parts by weight of calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, 6 parts by weight of epoxidized soybean oil, 1 part by weight of lubricant stearic acid, 1.5 parts by weight of polyethylene wax, 0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant 1010, 0.5 parts by weight of antioxidant 168 and 0.5 parts by weight of ultraviolet absorber UV-327 were put into a mixer and mixed at 150-160°C and 40 r / min for 10 min to obtain a blended modified material.

[0027] The above-mentioned blended modified material was added to a twin-screw extruder (temperature 155-165℃) for melt extrusion, water cooling, and pelletizing. Then it was added to a single-screw extruder (temperature 155-160℃) for melt extrusion, coating the core surface of 19 strands of 0.3mm tin-plated copper wire. After cooling, traction, and winding, a high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging cloth wire with a modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer thickness of 0.8mm was obtained.

[0028] Comparative Example 1: The preparation method of the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified magnesium hydroxide flame retardant includes the following steps: Mix 15g magnesium hydroxide (KISUMA®5-C), 0.45g vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent, 300mL anhydrous ethanol and 30mL deionized water, add 30mL of 26% ammonia water, heat to 50℃ and stir continuously for 3h, filter, wash 3 times with anhydrous ethanol, and dry at 50℃ for 24h to obtain vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified magnesium hydroxide flame retardant.

[0029] Compared with Example 4, Comparative Example 2 only did not add the polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer prepared in Example 1, while the other components and preparation methods were completely the same as those in Example 4.

[0030] Compared with Example 4, Comparative Example 3 only replaced the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant prepared in Example 2 with the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified magnesium hydroxide flame retardant prepared in Comparative Example 1. The remaining components and preparation methods were completely the same as those in Example 4.

[0031] Compared with Example 4, Comparative Example 4 only replaced the same mass fraction of the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant prepared in Example 2 with the unmodified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant prepared in Example 2. The remaining components and preparation methods were completely consistent with Example 4.

[0032] Compared with Example 4, Comparative Example 5 only replaced the linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane prepared in Example 3 with an equal mass of the linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane prepared in Example 4, while the remaining components and preparation methods were completely the same as in Example 4.

[0033] Compared with Example 4, Comparative Example 6 only omits the addition of the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant prepared in Example 2. The remaining components and preparation methods are completely consistent with Example 4.

[0034] Compared with Example 4, Comparative Example 7 only did not add the linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane prepared in Example 3. The other components and preparation methods were completely the same as those in Example 4.

[0035] Performance testing Low-temperature impact test: The test was conducted in accordance with GB / T8815-2008 "Soft Polyvinyl Chloride Plastics for Wires and Cables". A low-temperature embrittlement impact tester was used, with high-purity ethanol as the heat transfer medium. The test temperature was -45℃. Modified polyvinyl chloride insulation specimens (20mm×2mm×2.5mm) were selected as the test material. After the heat transfer medium reached the specified temperature, the specimen was placed in the test fixture. Timing began after the fixture was immersed in the heat transfer medium and lasted for 3 minutes (±0.5min). The temperature was recorded, and then the drop hammer was lowered to perform the impact. The number of specimens that broke after the impact was recorded and marked as the number of breaks / 10. The test results are shown in Table 1. Thermal stability test method: The modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer specimen was chopped and placed in a glass test tube. Congo red test paper was suspended in the glass test tube, about 2-3 cm away from the bottom of the test tube. The glass test tube was aged in an oil bath at (180±1)℃. The time it took for the Congo red test paper to change from red to blue was the thermal stability time. The test results are shown in Table 1. Volume resistivity test: A high-resistivity meter was used for testing, mainly measuring the volume resistivity at room temperature (20℃). Before testing, the modified PVC insulation layer specimen was immersed in distilled water at 20 (±2)℃ for 24 hours, and then tested. Before testing, it was necessary to remove it from the distilled water and quickly wipe off the surface moisture, and test it as soon as possible. During the test, the high-resistivity meter needed to be preheated and calibrated. The test voltage was 1000V, and all other procedures were carried out in accordance with the provisions of GB / T1410-2006. The test results are shown in Table 1. Limiting oxygen index test: The limiting oxygen index was tested using a limiting oxygen index meter (LOI, Nanjing Jiangning District Analytical Instrument Factory, JF-3 type). According to GB / T 2406.2-2009, the specifications of the modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer specimen were 100mm×6.5mm×3mm; the test results are shown in Table 1. Table 1: Statistical Table of Performance Test Data of Specimens from Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 2-7

[0036] UV aging test: Accelerated aging tests were conducted using a UV aging chamber. According to ASTM G154 standard, each 12-hour accelerated aging cycle consisted of 8 hours of UV exposure at 60°C and 4 hours of condensation at 50°C. The UV wavelength was 340nm, and the irradiance was 0.77W / m². 2 The process was repeated 40 times, and after a cumulative aging time of 480 hours, the tensile strength retention rate and elongation at break retention rate of the modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer material were tested; the test results are shown in Table 2. Thermo-oxidative aging test: The test was conducted according to GB / T 9349-2002B standard. The prepared modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer specimens were cut into test pieces of corresponding specifications and placed in a thermo-aging test chamber at (130±1)℃ for static aging test. After a cumulative aging time of 1000 hours, the tensile strength retention rate and elongation at break retention rate of the material were tested. The test results are shown in Table 2. Table 2: Statistical Table of Performance Test Data of Specimens from Examples 4-6 and Comparative Examples 2-7

[0037] As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layers prepared in Examples 4-6 of the present invention have high and low temperature resistance, aging resistance, high flame retardancy, and excellent insulation properties. In Comparative Example 2, without the addition of graft copolymer, the obtained PVC insulation layer exhibited the worst low-temperature resistance and a significant decrease in aging resistance. In Comparative Example 3, the addition of flame retardant without boron nitride composite resulted in a significant reduction in the flame retardant efficiency, thermal stability time, and volume resistivity of the obtained PVC insulation layer. In Comparative Example 4, the addition of composite flame retardant without modification resulted in a shortened thermal stability time, a decrease in limiting oxygen index, and a significant decrease in aging performance retention rate of the obtained PVC insulation layer. In Comparative Example 5, the addition of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane without modification resulted in a slightly lower thermal stability time and volume resistivity of the obtained PVC insulation layer, but a significant decrease in aging resistance. In Comparative Example 6, without the addition of vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent to modify the boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant, the obtained PVC insulation layer exhibited the worst flame retardancy, a significant decrease in thermal stability time and volume resistivity, and a marked decrease in aging resistance. In Comparative Example 7, without the addition of linoleic acid-modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, the obtained PVC insulation layer showed a significant decrease in the retention rate of thermo-oxidative aging performance and a slightly shortened thermal stability time.

[0038] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0039] The foregoing has provided a detailed description of one embodiment of the present invention, but this description is merely a preferred embodiment and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. All equivalent variations and modifications made within the scope of the claims of this invention should still fall within the patent coverage of this invention.

Claims

1. A type of high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging fabric wire, characterized in that, include: wire core; A modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer is wrapped around the wire core; The modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer comprises at least the following parts by weight of raw materials: 80-100 parts of polyvinyl chloride; 10-20 parts of hydrogenated nitrile rubber; 5-15 parts of polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer; 10-25 parts of vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant; 3-8 parts of linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane; 4-8 parts of heat stabilizer; 3-6 parts of plasticizer; 1.5-3.5 parts of lubricant; 0.5-2 parts of antioxidant; 0.3-1.5 parts of ultraviolet absorber; The preparation method of the vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant includes at least the following preparation steps: A boron nitride aqueous dispersion and magnesium oxide were added to a ball mill, ball milled, and then subjected to a hydrothermal reaction. After drying, a boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant was obtained. The boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant, vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent, anhydrous ethanol and deionized water are mixed, ammonia water is added, and after reaction, the mixture is filtered, washed and dried to obtain a vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant. The mass ratio of boron nitride to magnesium oxide is 1:10-15, and the amount of vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent is 1-5% of the mass of the boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant. The linoleic acid-modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane comprises at least the following preparation steps: Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane and linoleic acid were added to ethanol, stirred and reacted, filtered, dried and ground to obtain linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane. The mass ratio of the polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane to the linoleic acid is 1:0.2-0.

5.

2. The high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging building wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wire core is an oxygen-free copper conductor or a tin-plated copper conductor, and the thickness of the modified polyvinyl chloride insulation layer is 0.5-1.5 mm.

3. The high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging building wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogenated nitrile rubber contains 25-40% acrylonitrile and has a degree of hydrogenation of 85-99%.

4. The high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging building wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer is obtained by copolymerizing polyvinyl chloride and acrylic acid, and the grafting rate of the acrylic acid is 15-30%.

5. The high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging building wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite heat stabilizer; the plasticizer is at least one of dioctyl sebacate or epoxidized soybean oil; the lubricant is at least one of stearic acid, polyethylene wax, or silicone; the antioxidant is at least one of phenolic antioxidants, phosphite antioxidants, or thioester antioxidants; and the ultraviolet absorber is at least one of 2-hydroxy-4-n-octyloxybenzophenone or 2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzotriazole.

6. A method for preparing a high and low temperature resistant and anti-aging electrical wire according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes at least the following preparation steps: Polyvinyl chloride, hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber, polyvinyl chloride-g-polyacrylic acid graft copolymer, vinyltriethoxysilane coupling agent modified boron nitride / magnesium hydroxide composite flame retardant, linoleic acid modified polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane, heat stabilizer, plasticizer, lubricant, antioxidant, and ultraviolet absorber are added to an internal mixer and mixed at 145-160℃ for 8-12 minutes to obtain a blended modified material; The blended modified material is added to a twin-screw extruder for melt extrusion, water cooling, and pelletizing. It is then added to a single-screw extruder for melt extrusion, coating the surface of the wire core. After cooling, traction, and winding, a high- and low-temperature resistant and anti-aging fabric wire is obtained.

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