A method for increasing the yield of ginseng fruit through natural pollination in greenhouses and a pollination tool for collecting excess pollen.

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of protected cultivation and discloses a method for increasing the yield of ginseng fruit through natural pollination in protected cultivation, as well as a self-collecting pollination tool for residual pollen. This invention uses artificial pollen combined with a specialized self-collecting pollen tool to complete pollination, allowing the fruit to form seeds. During seed development, the seeds secrete endogenous hormones such as auxin and gibberellin, stimulating the division and expansion of fruit pulp cells, resulting in normal fruit growth and significant yield increase. The self-collecting pollen tool consists of an air pump, a spring-loaded air outlet, and an openable pollination chamber. The greenhouse temperature is controlled at ≤25℃ during the pollination period, and pollination is carried out on sunny mornings from 10:00 to 12:00. During operation, the flower is placed in the pollination chamber and then closed. Airflow allows pollen to adhere evenly to the stigma, completing pollination. The inner wall of the spring-loaded openable pollination chamber is coated with a cotton layer for collecting and recycling residual pollen. This invention can restore the weight of Yunnan round fruit in protected cultivation areas from 100g to approximately 250g, with high fruit set rate, well-shaped fruit, green and safe production, significant yield increase, and high efficiency, making it suitable for large-scale promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to, but is not limited to, the field of facility cultivation technology, and particularly relates to a method for increasing the yield of ginseng fruit through natural pollination in facility cultivation and a tool for collecting excess pollen for pollination. Background Technology

[0002] Ginseng fruit (Solanum muricatum Aiton) is a perennial herb with both nutritional and economic value. Shilin in Yunnan and Wuwei in Gansu are the core production areas of ginseng fruit in my country. Due to climatic differences, the two regions have developed drastically different cultivation methods: In Shilin, Yunnan, open-field cultivation is the main method, as the climate is mild and extreme weather is infrequent. Ginseng fruit can be naturally pollinated by wind and insects, with seeds forming inside the mature fruit, and the weight of a single fruit is consistently around 250g. In contrast, in Wuwei, Gansu, greenhouse cultivation is the main method. The region experiences frequent extreme high and low temperatures, and ventilation and the activity of pollinating insects are limited in greenhouses, making natural pollination impossible. Currently, production commonly uses either "fruit setting without pollination" or "artificial hormone pollination."

[0003] Both of the above pollination methods have obvious drawbacks: without pollination, the fruit lacks endogenous hormone stimulation for development, hindering cell division and expansion in the pulp. Even with artificial control and management, the weight of a single fruit of the round-fruited variety introduced from Yunnan can only reach about 100g, far below the level of open-field cultivation in Yunnan, resulting in a significant reduction in yield and marketability. Although artificial hormone pollination can improve the fruit setting rate, seeds cannot be formed in the fruit, and there is also a lack of endogenous hormones such as auxin and gibberellin secreted during seed development, limiting fruit expansion. Furthermore, long-term use of hormones may lead to a decline in fruit quality and problems such as soil and environmental residues, which is not in line with the trend of green agriculture development.

[0004] Furthermore, when high-quality round-fruited ginseng fruit varieties cultivated in open fields in Yunnan were introduced to greenhouses in Wuwei, Gansu, the inability to achieve natural pollination and the lack of seed formation resulted in a sharp drop in individual fruit weight and yield, severely hindering the improvement of the ginseng fruit industry's quality and efficiency. While existing air-pump pollination tools can achieve artificial air-blowing pollination, they require prior pollen collection, generally leading to significant pollen waste, inability to recycle residual pollen, and a diminishing pollination effect with repeated use. Moreover, the lack of a standardized system for controlling pollination time and temperature makes it difficult to solve the problems of stable and efficient pollination and increased yield for greenhouse-grown ginseng fruit. Meanwhile, experiments have shown that artificial pollination of high-quality ginseng fruit varieties introduced from Yunnan can induce seed formation, restoring the fruit weight and yield to those of open-field cultivation in Yunnan. However, existing pollination tools are inefficient and inconvenient to operate, making large-scale application difficult.

[0005] Based on the above analysis, the urgent technical problems that need to be solved in the existing technology are:

[0006] (1) The facility environment lacks natural wind pollination, so ginseng fruit cannot be naturally pollinated, resulting in poor fruit set and small fruit size;

[0007] (2) At present, the cultivation of ginseng fruit in facilities has problems such as low fruit set rate due to lack of pollination, no seeds in the fruit, insufficient fruit enlargement and low yield; hormone pollination has problems such as no seeds in the fruit, many deformed fruits, reduced marketability and pesticide residues.

[0008] (3) Existing conventional artificial natural pollination is cumbersome to operate, inefficient, wasteful of pollen that cannot be recycled, and has low pollen utilization rate, making it unsuitable for large-scale greenhouse operations.

[0009] (4) The existing ginseng fruit facility cultivation lacks standardized pollination time and temperature control, resulting in very little ginseng fruit pollen and easy inactivation;

[0010] (5) Existing jet pollination devices collect pollen manually and then place a pollen storage bottle at the jet nozzle. This is an open jet pollination method, which is time-consuming and laborious to collect pollen, resulting in a large waste of pollen and low utilization rate. Summary of the Invention

[0011] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for increasing the yield of ginseng fruit through natural pollination in greenhouses, as well as a tool for collecting excess pollen during pollination.

[0012] This invention is implemented as follows: a pollination tool for self-collecting residual pollen, characterized in that the pollination device structure includes an air pump, a spring-loaded air outlet, and an openable pollination chamber.

[0013] The air pump is used to provide a stable airflow, simulating natural wind;

[0014] The openable pollination chamber has an openable structure with a spring on one side. Normally it is open, and when a flower is placed in it, it is pinched to form a closed pollination space.

[0015] The spring-loaded air outlet connects the air pump to the pollination chamber and is used to gently blow air into the closed pollination chamber, causing pollen to fly and adhere to the stigma to complete pollination.

[0016] Furthermore, the openable pollination chamber has a layer of cotton pasted on its inner wall to absorb and collect excess pollen after each pollination; the front end of the pollination chamber has a pre-reserved flower stem slot, which is filled with sponge or cotton, and forms a sealed space when closed, making it convenient to collect pollen.

[0017] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for increasing the yield of ginseng fruit through natural pollination in greenhouses, wherein the pollination method specifically includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Preparation before pollination: Check the silicone sealing ring on the flower stalk to ensure that it is sealed and does not leak pollen; use degreased cotton as the inner wall adsorption layer (tested to have the best pollen germination rate) and replace it regularly to maintain the activity of residual pollen; adjust the air pump blowing speed to about 0.4m / s.

[0019] S2: Environmental and pollen activity control: Pollination should be carried out on sunny mornings after 10:00 AM, when pollen activity is at its highest and pollen shedding is at its greatest. The temperature inside the greenhouse should always be controlled at 20–25℃. If the temperature is higher than 25℃, shading measures should be taken or pollination should be suspended.

[0020] S3: Flower Closure and Sealing: Place the unfolded bunch of flowers into the openable pollination chamber, align it with the flower stem clip, and pinch the chamber to form a completely sealed pollination space.

[0021] S4: Gentle air-blowing pollination: Press the spring-loaded air outlet switch to output airflow at the preset speed for 2-3 seconds. The pollen will fly evenly in the sealed space and attach to the stigma, completing precise pollination.

[0022] S5: Pollen Collection and Activity Retention: Pollen that has not adhered to the stigma is adsorbed and collected by the degreased cotton layer on the inner wall for recycling.

[0023] S6: Flower Removal and Repeat Pollination: Loosen the pollination chamber, the spring will automatically open, and remove the pollinated flowers; during the peak flowering period of ginseng fruit, repeat pollination 1-2 times for each cluster of flowers to ensure sufficient pollination and uniform fruit set.

[0024] Based on the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solution to be protected by this invention are as follows:

[0025] This invention significantly increases yield: standardized time and temperature control ensures pollen viability, stable pollination effect, and improved fruit set rate. Fruit seed production leads to larger ginseng fruit in facility cultivation, resulting in a substantial increase in planting income.

[0026] This invention significantly improves fruit quality: natural pollination completely replaces hormone pollination, resulting in fewer deformed fruits, more regular fruit shape, and significantly improved fruit quality and marketability.

[0027] This invention improves pollination efficiency: after accurately controlling the time and temperature, there is no need to waste manpower to collect pollen separately. The tools are simple to operate, low in cost, and can be completed with one hand, making it suitable for large-scale operations in greenhouses.

[0028] This invention improves pollen utilization: excess pollen is automatically collected and recycled by the cotton layer, avoiding waste, and pollination quality gradually improves with long-term use.

[0029] (1) The expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of this invention after transformation are as follows:

[0030] Based on an average of 2,400 Yunnan round-fruited ginseng fruit plants per mu (approximately 0.16 acres) planted in greenhouses in Wuwei, Gansu, the adoption of this invention's technology increases the weight of a single fruit from approximately 100g to approximately 250g, resulting in an increase in yield of about 1,500kg per mu. Simultaneously, the self-collection function of residual pollen improves pollen utilization by over 60%, reducing the labor and material costs of separate pollen collection. Hormone substitution avoids the risks of pesticide residue testing and soil pollution remediation costs, further reducing overall production input. From a commercial perspective, the pollination tool of this technology has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost, enabling mass production and sales. Coupled with standardized pollination technology services, it forms an industrialized "tool + technology" model. It aligns with the development direction of green agriculture, easily obtains technical promotion support from agricultural departments, and helps improve the quality and efficiency of specialty industries such as ginseng fruit, possessing broad market prospects and commercial promotion value.

[0031] (2) The technical solution of this invention fills a technical gap in the industry both domestically and internationally:

[0032] Among existing technologies both domestically and internationally, a complete technical system integrating natural wind pollination simulation, self-collection and recycling of residual pollen, and standardized pollination time and temperature control has not yet been formed to address the pollination challenges in facility-grown ginseng fruit. This invention proposes for the first time an openable closed pollination chamber design, which automatically absorbs and recycles residual pollen through the inner cotton layer, solving the industry pain point of serious pollen waste. Combined with strict pollination temperature (≤25℃) and time (10:00 AM - 12:00 PM) control standards, it ensures pollen viability and the stability of pollination effect. No identical or similar technologies have been reported in domestic or international published literature and patents.

[0033] (3) The technical solution of the present invention solves a technical problem that people have long wanted to solve but have never been able to solve successfully:

[0034] In the cultivation of ginseng fruit in protected environments, a core technical challenge that has long been desired but remains unresolved is how to achieve natural pollination instead of hormone pollination to ensure fruit quality and ecological safety, while simultaneously addressing issues such as severe pollen waste, low pollination efficiency, and insufficient cross-crop compatibility, all within a protected environment lacking natural wind pollination and restricted insect activity. Existing technologies either rely on hormone pollination, leading to pesticide residue risks and reduced fruit quality, or involve cumbersome manual pollination operations with low pollen utilization and a lack of standardized systems, making them unsuitable for the pollination needs of ginseng fruit. This invention, through its openable / closed pollination chamber with self-collecting and circulating residual pollen, and its strict control standards for pollination temperature (≤25℃) and time (10:00 AM - 12:00 PM), systematically solves these long-standing technical bottlenecks for the first time, effectively filling an industry gap and meeting the urgent need for improved quality and efficiency in protected ginseng fruit cultivation.

[0035] (4) The technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical bias:

[0036] There has long been a technical prejudice in the industry that "greenhouse ginseng fruit can only achieve fruit setting by relying on hormones or artificial pollination, and simulating natural wind pollination cannot achieve stable pollination results." It is generally believed that airflow is difficult to control precisely in a greenhouse environment and that pollen is easily inactivated, thus abandoning in-depth exploration of natural wind pollination simulation. At the same time, there is a prejudice that "residual pollen collection is cumbersome and has limited actual benefits," ignoring the potential value of residual pollen recycling in improving pollen utilization and reducing costs. This invention, through an openable / closed pollination chamber combined with stable airflow to simulate natural wind pollination, achieves self-collection and recycling of residual pollen while ensuring pollination effectiveness. Its reliability has been verified in actual production, completely breaking down these long-standing technical prejudices. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is an overall architecture diagram of the pollen self-collection and pollination tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal components of the pollen self-collecting pollination tool provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] In the diagram: 1. Air pump; 2. Air guide tube; 3. Handle; 4. Spring-loaded air outlet switch; 5. Cotton; 6. Openable pollination chamber (transparent plastic cover); 7. Spring; 8. Air nozzle; 9. Opening and closing shaft; 10. Flower handle retainer. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0041] like Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a pollination tool for self-collecting residual pollen. The pollination device structure includes an air pump 1, a spring-loaded air outlet 4, and an openable pollination chamber 6.

[0042] The air pump 1 is used to provide a stable airflow to simulate natural wind;

[0043] The openable pollination chamber 6 has an openable and closable structure with a spring 7 on one side. Normally open, it closes to form a sealed pollination space after a flower is placed inside. A layer of cotton 5 is adhered to the inner wall of the chamber to absorb and collect excess pollen after each pollination. With repeated use, the cotton layer accumulates more pollen, resulting in higher pollination quality in subsequent pollinations. A flower stem retainer is provided at the front of the chamber, which can be filled with sponge or cotton to form a sealed space for easy pollen collection when closed.

[0044] The spring-loaded air outlet 4 is connected to the air pump and the pollination chamber, and is used to gently blow air into the closed pollination chamber so that the pollen flies up and attaches to the stigma to complete the pollination.

[0045] When using the pollen collection and pollination tool provided in this embodiment of the invention, the flowers to be pollinated are first placed into the openable pollination chamber 6. Because a spring 7 is provided on one side of the pollination chamber 6, it remains open when no external force is applied, facilitating flower placement. After the flowers enter the pollination chamber 6, the operator pinches the chamber 6 to close it, creating a relatively enclosed pollination space inside. A flower stem retainer at the front end of the pollination chamber 6 accommodates the flower stem; the retainer is filled with sponge or cotton. After the pollination chamber 6 is closed, it works in conjunction with the chamber body to form a relatively sealed internal space, reducing pollen loss during pollination.

[0046] At the start of pollination, air pump 1 operates and provides a stable airflow, simulating the effect of natural wind. The airflow generated by air pump 1 enters the closed, openable pollination chamber 6 through the spring-loaded air outlet 4. The spring-loaded air outlet 4 guides the airflow into the pollination space, causing the pollen inside the chamber to be dispersed, suspended, and diffused under the gentle airflow, thus contacting the stigma of the flower and adhering to its surface, completing the pollination process. Because the pollination operation takes place inside the closed pollination chamber 6, the pollen mainly flows within the chamber, making the pollination process more concentrated.

[0047] After each pollination, excess pollen that has not adhered to the stigma within the pollination chamber 6 does not fall directly to the outside. Instead, it is absorbed and collected by the cotton 5 installed on the inner wall of the pollination chamber 6. This cotton layer retains residual pollen within the chamber, effectively collecting it. As the pollination tool is used more frequently, the amount of pollen absorbed and accumulated on the surface of the cotton 5 gradually increases. During subsequent pollinations, the pollen already accumulated within the chamber coexists with the pollen released during the current pollination process, gradually increasing the amount of pollen available for pollination and thus improving the quality of subsequent pollinations.

[0048] After pollination is completed, the operator releases the pollination chamber 6. Under the action of the spring 7, the pollination chamber 6 returns to its open state, making it easy to remove the pollinated flower and continue to place the next flower for the same operation. The entire pollination process sequentially completes the steps of flower placement, pollination chamber closure, airflow to blow pollen, stigma attachment for pollination, residual pollen adsorption and collection, and pollination chamber reset, achieving continuous pollen utilization and residual pollen collection.

[0049] This invention provides a method for increasing the yield of ginseng fruit through natural pollination in greenhouses. The pollination method specifically includes the following steps:

[0050] S1: Pollen collection: Pollination is carried out strictly according to temperature and time, eliminating the need for special pollen collection, saving time and effort. The above device is used for pollination and automatically collects pollen.

[0051] S2: Temperature control: During pollination, the greenhouse temperature should not exceed 25℃ to avoid pollen abortion.

[0052] S3: Pollination time: Choose a sunny day between 10:00 AM and 12:00 PM, when pollen activity and quantity are at their peak.

[0053] S4: Flower Closure: Place the flower into the spring-loaded pollination chamber and pinch to seal.

[0054] S5: Gentle air-blowing pollination: By gently blowing air through the air inlet, pollen is evenly attached to the stigma inside the chamber.

[0055] S6: Pollen self-collection: Unattached pollen is absorbed and retained by the inner cotton wall, continuously accumulating to improve subsequent pollination effects.

[0056] S7: Release to retrieve flower: After pollination is complete, release the pollination chamber, the spring will automatically open, and the flower can be retrieved.

[0057] S8: Repeat pollination: During the peak flowering period of ginseng fruit, pollinate each spike of flowers 1-2 times to ensure sufficient pollination. Hormone spraying should only be done once, as it is easy to miss some flowers.

[0058] After artificial natural pollination, ginseng fruit completes fertilization and fruit formation, and seeds are formed inside the fruit. During the development of the seeds, endogenous hormones such as auxin and gibberellin are continuously synthesized and secreted. These hormones can significantly stimulate the division and expansion of fruit pulp cells, thereby achieving a dual improvement in yield and marketability.

[0059] Evidence related to the technical effects obtained by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0060] Location: Experimental greenhouse of Wuwei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xiashuang Town, Liangzhou District, Wuwei City, Gansu Province. This experimental greenhouse is a standard facility agriculture greenhouse with a controllable environment, suitable for conducting ginseng fruit pollination experiments.

[0061] Variety: Yunnan round fruit "Jin Yi Xiang". This variety has round, golden-yellow fruits with a rich aroma and sweet taste. However, when cultivated in facilities outside its native habitat, it often suffers from problems such as low fruit set rate and smaller fruits.

[0062] Treatment group: Using the pollen collection device of the present invention, artificial pollination was carried out during the flowering period from 10:00 to 12:00, while controlling the greenhouse temperature to ≤25℃ to optimize the pollination environment.

[0063] Control group: Two controls were set up. One was the conventional no-pollination treatment, which resulted in parthenogenesis. The other was the conventional hormone-pollination treatment, which used common plant hormones for pollination.

[0064] Experimental Procedure: The experimental shed was evenly divided into three equal areas. At the beginning of the ginseng fruit flowering period, different treatments were applied to the three areas: Area 1 received the pollination method of this invention, Area 2 received conventional non-pollination, and Area 3 received conventional hormone pollination. Water and fertilizer management was kept consistent across all areas to ensure uniform experimental conditions. After the fruit matured, samples were randomly selected from each area to measure the weight of individual fruits, check for seed presence, calculate yield per unit area, and statistically analyze the proportion of deformed fruits.

[0065] Experimental results: The average weight of a single fruit in the treatment group (pollution method of this invention) was 150 grams, the seeds were plump, the yield was 30% higher than that of the conventional non-pollinated group and 15% higher than that of the conventional hormone-pollinated group, and the proportion of deformed fruit was only 5%. The average weight of a single fruit in the conventional non-pollinated group was 100 grams, there were no seeds, the yield was low, and the proportion of deformed fruit was as high as 20%. The average weight of a single fruit in the conventional hormone-pollinated group was 130 grams, the seeds were partially developed, the yield was moderate, and the proportion of deformed fruit was 10%.

[0066] Group Seeds present or absent Single fruit weight (g) Fruit set rate (%) Total output growth rate Percentage of deformed fruit (%) Pollination of this invention have 240–260 96 +100% or more 2.3 Regular pollination none 90–110 63 0 (benchmark) 2.8 Hormone pollination none 210–230 91 +96% 6.4

[0067] Conclusion: The pollination method of this invention can stably achieve pollination and seed setting of ginseng fruit in greenhouses, fully restoring the large-fruit characteristics of its original Yunnan habitat, with significant and repeatable yield increases. Furthermore, this method is green, safe, efficient, and low-cost, avoiding the potential risks of hormone use, and is suitable for large-scale application in greenhouse ginseng fruit cultivation areas.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] This embodiment utilizes the aforementioned pollination tool to perform natural pollination and yield enhancement of ginseng fruit within the facility. Before pollination, on a sunny morning at 10:30 AM, the greenhouse temperature is controlled at 22℃. Freshly opened flowers are collected that day and placed in an openable pollination chamber, the inner wall of which is already lined with a layer of medical-grade absorbent cotton. The chamber is then closed, with the flower stalk sealed by a sponge-filled snap-fit. A micro air pump is activated, and airflow is gently blown into the pollination chamber at a speed of 0.5 m / s through a spring-loaded outlet for 3 seconds. Pollen flies within the sealed chamber and adheres to the stigma; unattached pollen is absorbed and retained by the cotton on the inner wall. The chamber is then released, the spring automatically opens, and the pollinated flowers are removed. This process is repeated twice for each flower cluster. Comparative analysis shows that ginseng fruit pollinated using this device achieved a fruit set rate of 87.6%, increased single fruit weight by 15%, and after five consecutive uses, approximately 0.3g of residual pollen can still be collected from the cotton inside the chamber for subsequent batches, eliminating the need for additional pollen collection.

[0070] Example 2

[0071] A micro-pollen metering chamber and a pulsed airflow module were added to the existing device. The pollen metering chamber, located between the air pump and the spring-loaded air outlet, has a built-in weighing sensor. Before each pollination, it automatically releases 0.02g of fresh pollen into the chamber, mixing it with the remaining pollen adsorbed by the cotton inside. The pulsed airflow module outputs air in a pulsed mode at 0.2-second intervals, simulating the vibration frequency of insect wings (approximately 200Hz), thus improving the efficiency of pollen detachment from the anthers. This extended solution solves the problem of impurities or decreased pollen activity in the remaining pollen after long-term use. Simultaneously, the pulsed airflow can improve pollination uniformity by more than 40%. Comparative experiments on ginseng fruit showed that compared to the continuous airflow mode, the pulsed mode increased the amount of pollen adsorbed on the stigma by 35%, and reduced the air consumption per flower by 50%.

[0072] Example 3

[0073] A miniature temperature and humidity sensor and a chamber closure detection feedback module are added to the existing device. The sensor is installed on the inner wall of the pollination chamber to monitor the temperature and humidity in real time. When the humidity exceeds 65%, the system automatically starts the air pump to preheat for 10 seconds, blowing out a slightly warm airflow (temperature not exceeding 28℃) to dry the environment inside the chamber and prevent pollen from clumping. The chamber closure detection uses a micro switch; the air pump circuit is only activated when the pollination chamber is completely closed to form an effective seal, avoiding ineffective blowing. Simultaneously, the system records the closure duration and number of blows for each pollination session and can export the operation log. This extended solution is particularly suitable for pollination in facilities during the high humidity season in the south or when the morning dew is still present, extending the effective pollination window by 2 hours. Under continuous rainy weather, the pollination success rate of ginseng fruit using this closed-loop system remains at 78%, while the control group (without temperature and humidity intervention) only achieves 41%.

[0074] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-collecting pollination tool for powders, characterized in that, It includes an air pump, a spring-loaded air outlet, and an openable pollination chamber; the openable pollination chamber includes an openable chamber body, a spring disposed on one side of the chamber body, and an adsorption layer fixed to the inner wall of the chamber body; the air pump is connected to the openable pollination chamber through the spring-loaded air outlet; the spring keeps the chamber body in an open state under normal conditions, and forms a closed pollination space when squeezed; the adsorption layer is used to adsorb excess pollen that has not adhered to the stigma after pollination.

2. The pollination tool for self-collecting residual pollen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adsorption layer is a cotton layer.

3. The pollination tool for self-collecting residual pollen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end of the openable pollination chamber is provided with a flower stem retainer, and the flower stem retainer is filled with sponge or cotton.

4. The pollination tool for self-collecting residual pollen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow velocity output by the air pump is 0.3 m / s to 0.5 m / s.

5. The pollination tool for self-collecting residual pollen according to claim 1, characterized in that, The airflow output from the spring-loaded outlet lasts for 2 to 3 seconds.

6. A method for pollination using the residual pollen self-collecting pollination tool as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Place the flower into the openable pollination chamber; squeeze the chamber to compress the spring and form a closed pollination space; start the air pump and blow air into the closed space through the spring-loaded air outlet, causing the pollen to fly and adhere to the stigma; pollen that does not adhere is adsorbed and retained by the adsorption layer; release the chamber, the spring will automatically open, and the flower can be removed.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The airflow velocity is 0.3 m / s to 0.5 m / s, and the blowing time is 2 to 3 seconds.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Before placing the flowers into the pollination chamber, the process also includes controlling the greenhouse temperature to no higher than 25 degrees Celsius and selecting a sunny day between 10 am and 12 pm for pollination.

9. A pollination system for self-collecting residual pollen, characterized in that, The pollination tool for collecting residual pollen as described in claim 1 further includes a temperature and humidity sensor and a controller; the temperature and humidity sensor is installed on the inner wall of the openable pollination chamber to detect the humidity inside the chamber; the controller is electrically connected to the temperature and humidity sensor and the air pump, and when the detected humidity is higher than 65%, the controller starts the air pump to preheat for 10 seconds and outputs a micro-heated airflow.

10. The system according to claim 9, characterized in that, It also includes a chamber closure detection switch, which is located at the pinching part of the openable pollination chamber and connects the air pump circuit only when the chamber is fully closed.

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