A surgical guide for hip replacement

Abstract

This invention discloses a surgical guide for hip replacement surgery, belonging to the field of hip replacement surgery technology. This surgical guide includes an acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device, an acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle direction positioning device, an acetabular reamer guide, and an acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide. This invention achieves a precise and personalized fit by 3D printing customized core components based on the patient's acetabular scanning model, combined with dual limiting positioning of the hip bone positioning hook and the fitting surface. This eliminates the risk of intraoperative positioning deviation, ensures precise and controllable prosthesis implantation angle, and steadily improves the overall reliability of surgical positioning. Through a convenient modular insertion design, a stable and reinforced support structure, and standardized operating procedures, this invention reasonably simplifies clinical surgical procedures, effectively improves intraoperative ease of operation, reduces human error and postoperative complications, ensures prosthesis fit and surgical safety, and balances accuracy and clinical practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hip replacement surgery technology, and specifically relates to a hip replacement surgery guide plate. Background Technology

[0002] Hip replacement surgery is a repair procedure for severe hip joint diseases or injuries. It is often used for persistent pain and limited mobility caused by joint degeneration, necrosis, inflammation, or severe injury. The surgery meticulously treats the diseased acetabulum and femoral head, removes worn or necrotic original joint structures, implants a suitable artificial joint component, and reconstructs the normal anatomical structure of the hip joint. Postoperatively, it can eliminate pain caused by joint friction, restore basic functions such as hip flexion and extension, walking, and improve limb posture and mobility.

[0003] Traditional hip replacement surgery relies heavily on the surgeon's manual experience during the operation. Preoperative assessment is based solely on routine imaging, lacking personalized positioning and guidance structures. During the operation, the acetabular grinding angle, prosthesis size, and placement are determined mainly by visual observation, tactile percussion, and instrument estimation. Abduction and anteversion angles are controlled by routine measuring tools and clinical experience. The entire process lacks standardized, visual, and fixed positioning benchmarks, and grinding, trial molding, and prosthesis placement are all completed by the surgeon's subjective judgment.

[0004] This method has significant drawbacks: First, the angle control error is large, easily leading to deviations in the acetabular abduction and anteversion angles from the standard values, causing abnormal prosthesis eccentricity and acetabular rotation center shift, significantly increasing the risk of postoperative prosthesis loosening and accelerated wear. Second, the fitting precision is insufficient, relying on touch to select the prosthesis size, which easily results in poor fit and unstable fixation, often leading to problems such as unequal leg length and force imbalance. Third, the operational stability is poor, lacking rigid guiding and limiting during the operation, making it easy for instruments to shift and deform during the grinding process, affecting the quality of bone bed formation. Fourth, the reproducibility is weak, the surgical effect is highly dependent on the surgeon's personal experience, and there are large differences in operation between different surgeons, making it difficult to accurately implement preoperative planning, and easily leading to complications such as poor force line recovery, limited joint movement, and recurrence of pain after surgery, making it difficult to guarantee the overall surgical precision and safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a surgical guide for hip replacement surgery.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is: a hip replacement surgery guide plate, including an acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device, an acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device, an acetabular reamer guide, and an acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide. The acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device and the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device are all made by 3D printing based on the patient's affected side acetabulum and femoral head scan reconstruction model.

[0007] The acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device includes an acetabular embedding and positioning part, a central positioning rod is fixed at the bottom of the acetabular embedding and positioning part, a reinforcing connecting part is fixed on the central positioning rod, and a through slot is integrally fixed at the end of the reinforcing connecting part;

[0008] The acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle positioner includes a positioning and fixing part, which has at least one through positioning hole. A positioning guide plate is integrally fixed on one side of the positioning and fixing part, and the cross-section of the positioning guide plate is a chamfered rectangle.

[0009] Furthermore, the acetabular embedding and positioning part is made according to the scanned reconstruction model of the patient's affected acetabulum, and can match the patient's affected acetabulum. One side of the acetabular embedding and positioning part is integrally fixed with a hip bone positioning hook, and the top of the hip bone positioning hook is made according to the scanned reconstruction model of the patient's affected acetabular rim, and can fit against the patient's affected acetabular rim.

[0010] Through the above technical solution, the acetabular embedding positioning part and the hip bone positioning hook can provide dual limiting for the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device, ensuring the positioning accuracy and stability of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device, and the angle of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device can be easily adjusted through the central positioning rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the top of the positioning and fixing part and the positioning guide plate are integrally formed with a hip bone fitting surface. The hip bone fitting surface is made according to the scanned reconstruction model of the patient's hip bone surface and can fit with the hip bone on the affected side of the patient. The specifications of the positioning guide plate are matched with the specifications of the through slot.

[0012] The above technical solution allows the hip bone apposition surface to precisely align with the patient's hip bone. Combined with the structural adaptation of the positioning and fixation part and the positioning guide plate, it forms an auxiliary positioning support on the outer side of the hip bone. At the same time, the positioning guide plate and the through slot are matched in specifications to achieve precise insertion between the two, ensuring accurate transmission of positioning angle, avoiding intraoperative displacement or angle deviation, further enhancing the accuracy and reliability of surgical positioning, and laying a solid and unified angle benchmark for subsequent operations.

[0013] Furthermore, the acetabular reamer guide includes a first connecting base, one end of which is provided with a first positioning slot, the specifications of which match the positioning guide plate, and a first connecting arm is integrally fixed to the top of one side of the first connecting base.

[0014] Through the above technical solution, the first positioning slot and the positioning guide plate are matched in specifications to achieve precise insertion of the acetabular reamer guide and the positioning structure, ensuring the fit and stability of the connection and avoiding loosening or displacement during the operation. At the same time, the one-piece molded first connecting arm provides rigid support and precise guidance for subsequent acetabular reamer operations, while the first connecting base firmly supports each component, ensuring the overall structural strength of the guide and laying a reliable connection and structural foundation for precise acetabular grinding.

[0015] Furthermore, a first semi-enclosed clamp is fixed to the end of the first connecting arm, and a first reinforcing diagonal brace is integrally fixed to the top of the first connecting base on the side near the first connecting arm, with the end of the first reinforcing diagonal brace fixed to the first connecting arm.

[0016] Through the above technical solution, the first semi-enclosed clamp can stabilize and limit the acetabular file, ensuring that the file operates along the preset trajectory during grinding and avoiding radial deviation. The first reinforcing diagonal brace connects the first connecting base and the first connecting arm to form a triangular support structure, which greatly improves the overall structural strength and torsional stiffness of the acetabular file guide, resists the impact load during grinding, prevents arm deformation, and ensures the angle accuracy and operational stability of acetabular grinding.

[0017] Furthermore, the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide include a second connecting base, one end of which is provided with a second positioning slot, the specifications of which match the positioning guide plate, and a second connecting arm is integrally fixed to the top of one side of the second connecting base.

[0018] Through the above technical solution, the second positioning slot and the positioning guide plate are precisely matched in specifications, enabling the rapid insertion of the acetabular cup trial mold and the acetabular placement guide with the previous positioning structure, ensuring the fit and stability of the connection, avoiding loosening and angle deviation during the operation. The one-piece molded second connecting arm provides a stable support and guiding carrier for the acetabular trial mold tool, and the second connecting base solidly supports all components, ensuring the overall structural strength of the guide, and laying a precise and reliable connection foundation for the prosthesis trial mold and placement.

[0019] Furthermore, a second semi-enclosed clamp is fixed to the end of the second connecting arm, and a second reinforcing diagonal brace is integrally fixed to the top of the second connecting base near the second connecting arm, with the end of the second reinforcing diagonal brace fixed to the second connecting arm.

[0020] Through the above technical solutions, the second semi-enclosed clamp can stabilize and limit the acetabular trial molding tool, ensuring that the instrument has no radial displacement during trial molding and placement, and accurately matches the prosthesis model; the second reinforcing diagonal brace connects the second connecting base and the second connecting arm to form a triangular support structure, which improves the structural strength and torsional resistance of the acetabular cup trial molding and acetabular placement guide, avoids arm deformation, and ensures the accuracy of the angle of prosthesis trial molding and placement and the stability of operation.

[0021] Furthermore, when fixing the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator to the affected hip bone, first pass the positioning guide plate of the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator through the through slot of the acetabular cup angle locator, then embed the acetabular cup angle locator into the patient's acetabulum, align the hip bone positioning hook with the acetabular rim, adjust the angle of the acetabular cup angle locator with the central positioning rod, and after adjusting to a suitable angle, keep the angle of the acetabular cup angle locator unchanged, slide the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator toward the hip bone, so that the hip bone contact surface is in close contact with the patient's hip bone, and then fix the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator by passing a Kirschner wire through the through positioning hole.

[0022] Through the above technical solution, the precise connection between the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator and the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device is achieved by the interlocking cooperation of the positioning guide plate and the through slot. This establishes a linkage basis for angle adjustment. The acetabular embedding positioning part is embedded into the acetabulum, and the hip bone positioning hook is fitted to the acetabular rim to complete the initial bony positioning of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device. Then, the central positioning rod is precisely adjusted to the optimal angle planned before surgery to ensure accurate positioning of the acetabular abduction and anteversion angles. After the angle is determined, the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angles are slid to make the hip bone contact surface fit tightly with the affected hip bone, forming a double bony fit constraint. Finally, the fixation is completed by passing a Kirschner wire through the through positioning hole, so that the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator and the affected hip bone are rigidly fixed as one, effectively avoiding intraoperative angle deviation. This establishes a stable and uniform angle benchmark for subsequent acetabular reaming and prosthesis trial placement. The entire process achieves precise adjustment and firm fixation of the positioning angle, greatly improving the accuracy and reliability of surgical positioning. At the same time, the operation steps are smoothly connected, reducing the difficulty of intraoperative operation.

[0023] Furthermore, when the acetabular reamer guide is in use, the first positioning slot of the acetabular reamer guide is aligned with the positioning guide plate of the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator, and the two are inserted and fixed. At this time, the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator can position the acetabular reamer guide.

[0024] Through the above technical solution, the first positioning slot is precisely inserted and fixed to the positioning guide plate, allowing the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator to provide precise angle and position positioning for the acetabular reamer guide. The preoperatively planned acetabular abduction angle and anteversion angle benchmark are accurately transferred to the acetabular reamer guide, ensuring that its guiding angle is completely consistent with the preset surgical angle, avoiding angle deviation during grinding. At the same time, the plug-in fixation makes the acetabular reamer guide firmly installed, laying a reliable guiding foundation for the subsequent precise grinding of the acetabular reamer, and is easy to disassemble and assemble, improving the efficiency of intraoperative operation.

[0025] Furthermore, when the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide are in use, the second positioning slot of the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide are aligned with the positioning guide plate of the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator, and the two are inserted and fixed. At this time, the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator can position the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide.

[0026] Through the above technical solution, the precise insertion and cooperation between the second positioning slot and the positioning guide plate enables the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator to provide precise limiting and rigid positioning for the acetabular cup trial molding and acetabular placement guide, stably transmitting the preset abduction and anteversion angle benchmarks, ensuring that the trial molding installation posture strictly conforms to the preoperative planned angles; the insertion assembly is firm and reliable, and the alignment is convenient and fast, which can effectively prevent angle deviation and positional deviation during the trial molding process, ensuring that the acetabular trial molding tool completes model matching and placement verification under the standard guiding posture, providing a unified, stable and continuous positioning benchmark support for the subsequent precise implantation of the acetabular cup prosthesis.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0028] 1. This invention achieves a precise and personalized fit by 3D printing a dedicated core component based on the patient's acetabular scanning model, combined with the dual limiting positioning of the hip bone positioning hook and the fitting surface. This eliminates the risk of positioning deviation during surgery, ensures that the prosthesis implantation angle is precise and controllable, and steadily improves the overall reliability of surgical positioning.

[0029] 2. This invention simplifies clinical surgical procedures through a convenient modular plug-in design, a stable and reinforced support structure, and standardized operating procedures. It effectively improves the convenience of intraoperative operation, reduces human error and postoperative complications, ensures proper fitting of the prosthesis and surgical safety, and balances precision with clinical practical value. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the acetabular file guide structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the combined installation of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device and the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the fixation of the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator of the present invention to the affected hip bone;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion and engagement of the acetabular reamer guide and the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and engagement of the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide with the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1. Acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device; 101. Acetabular embedding and positioning part; 102. Central positioning rod; 103. Reinforcing connecting part; 104. Through slot; 105. Hip bone positioning hook; 2. Acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device; 201. Positioning and fixing part; 202. Through positioning hole; 203. Positioning guide plate; 204. Hip bone camber surface; 3. Acetabular reamer guide; 301. First connecting base; 302. First positioning slot; 303. First connecting arm; 304. First semi-enclosed clamp; 305. First reinforcing diagonal brace; 4. Acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide; 401. Second connecting base; 402. Second positioning slot; 403. Second connecting arm; 404. Second reinforcing diagonal brace; 405. Second semi-enclosed clamp; 5. Affected hip bone; 6. Kirschner wire. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0040] like Figures 1-4As shown, a hip replacement surgery guide includes an acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1, an acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2, an acetabular reamer guide 3, and an acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide 4. Both the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 and the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2 are 3D printed using a scanned reconstruction model of the patient's affected acetabulum and femoral head. The acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 includes an acetabular embedding and positioning part 101. A central positioning rod 102 is fixed to the bottom of the acetabular embedding and positioning part 101, and a reinforcing connecting part 103 is fixed to the central positioning rod 102. The end of the reinforcing connecting part 103... The body is fixed with a through slot 104. The acetabular embedding and positioning part 101 is made according to the scan reconstruction model of the patient's affected acetabulum and can match the patient's affected acetabulum. A hip bone positioning hook 105 is integrally fixed on one side of the acetabular embedding and positioning part 101. The top of the hip bone positioning hook 105 is made according to the scan reconstruction model of the patient's affected acetabular rim and can fit against the patient's affected acetabular rim. The acetabular embedding and positioning part 101 and the hip bone positioning hook 105 can provide double limiting for the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1, ensuring the positioning accuracy and stability of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1. The angle of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 can be easily adjusted through the central positioning rod 102.

[0041] like Figure 2 As shown, the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator 2 includes a positioning and fixing part 201. The positioning and fixing part 201 has at least one through-hole positioning hole 202. A positioning guide plate 203 is integrally fixed to one side of the positioning and fixing part 201. The positioning guide plate 203 has a chamfered rectangular cross-section. An acetabular contact surface 204 is integrally formed on the top of the positioning and fixing part 201 and the positioning guide plate 203. The acetabular contact surface 204 is made according to a scanned reconstruction model of the patient's hip bone surface and can conform to the hip bone on the affected side of the patient for positioning. The specifications of the guide plate 203 match those of the through slot 104, allowing the hip bone lining surface 204 to precisely align with the patient's hip bone. This, combined with the structural adaptation of the positioning and fixing part 201 and the positioning guide plate 203, forms an auxiliary positioning support on the outer side of the hip bone. At the same time, the specifications of the positioning guide plate 203 and the through slot 104 match, enabling precise insertion between the two. This ensures accurate transmission of the positioning angle, avoids intraoperative displacement or angle deviation, further enhances the accuracy and reliability of surgical positioning, and lays a stable and unified angle benchmark for subsequent operations.

[0042] like Figure 3As shown, the acetabular reamer guide 3 includes a first connecting base 301. One end of the first connecting base 301 has a first positioning slot 302, the specifications of which match the positioning guide plate 203. A first connecting arm 303 is integrally fixed to the top of one side of the first connecting base 301. A first semi-enclosed clamp 304 is fixed to the end of the first connecting arm 303. A first reinforcing diagonal brace 305 is integrally fixed to the top of the side of the first connecting base 301 near the first connecting arm 303. The end of the first reinforcing diagonal brace 305 is fixed to the first connecting arm 303. By matching the specifications of the first positioning slot 302 with the positioning guide plate 203, precise insertion of the acetabular reamer guide 3 into the positioning structure is achieved, ensuring a close and stable connection. To prevent loosening or displacement during surgery, the integrally formed first connecting arm 303 provides rigid support and precise guidance for subsequent acetabular reamer operations. The first connecting base 301 firmly supports all components, ensuring the overall structural strength of the guide and laying a reliable connection and structural foundation for precise acetabular grinding. The first semi-enclosed clamp 304 can securely limit the acetabular reamer, ensuring that the instrument operates along the preset trajectory during grinding and avoiding radial displacement. The first reinforcing diagonal brace 305 connects the first connecting base 301 and the first connecting arm 303, forming a triangular support structure, which greatly improves the overall structural strength and torsional stiffness of the acetabular reamer guide 3, resists the impact load during grinding, prevents arm deformation, and ensures the angle accuracy and operational stability of acetabular grinding.

[0043] like Figure 4As shown, the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide 4 includes a second connecting base 401. One end of the second connecting base 401 has a second positioning slot 402, the specifications of which match the positioning guide plate 203. A second connecting arm 403 is integrally fixed to the top of one side of the second connecting base 401. A second semi-enclosed clamp 405 is fixed to the end of the second connecting arm 403. A second reinforcing diagonal brace 404 is integrally fixed to the top of the side of the second connecting base 401 near the second connecting arm 403. The end of the second reinforcing diagonal brace 404 is fixed to the second connecting arm 403. The second positioning slot 402 and the positioning guide plate 203 are precisely matched, enabling quick insertion of the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide 4 into the pre-positioning structure. To ensure a snug and stable connection and prevent loosening or angular displacement during surgery, the integrally molded second connecting arm 403 provides a stable support and guide for the acetabular trial molding tool. The second connecting base 401 firmly supports all components, ensuring the overall structural strength of the guide and laying a precise and reliable connection foundation for prosthesis trial molding and placement. The second semi-enclosed clamp 405 can securely limit the acetabular trial molding tool, ensuring no radial displacement of the instrument during molding and placement, and accurately matching the prosthesis model. The second reinforcing diagonal brace 404 connects the second connecting base 401 and the second connecting arm 403, forming a triangular support structure, which improves the structural strength and torsional resistance of the acetabular cup mold and the acetabular placement guide 4, prevents arm deformation, and ensures the angular accuracy and operational stability of the prosthesis trial molding and placement.

[0044] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, when fixing the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator 2 to the affected hip bone 5, first, the positioning guide plate 203 of the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator 2 is passed through the through slot 104 of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1. Then, the acetabular embedding and positioning part 101 of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 is embedded into the patient's acetabulum. The hip bone positioning hook 105 is aligned with the acetabular rim. The angle of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 is adjusted by the central positioning rod 102. After reaching the appropriate angle, keep the angle of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 unchanged, and slide the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2 towards the hip bone, so that the hip bone contact surface 204 is in close contact with the patient's hip bone. Then, fix the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2 by passing the Kirschner wire 6 through the through positioning hole 202. The positioning guide plate 203 and the through slot 104 are inserted and engaged to achieve the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing of the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2 and the acetabular cup. The precise connection of device 1 establishes a linkage basis for angle adjustment. With the acetabular embedding and positioning part 101 embedded in the acetabulum and the hip bone positioning hook 105 conforming to the acetabular rim, the initial bony positioning of the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 is completed. Then, the central positioning rod 102 is precisely adjusted to the optimal angle planned before the operation, ensuring the accurate positioning of the acetabular abduction angle and anteversion angle. After the angle is determined, the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2 is slid to make the hip bone contact surface 204 fit tightly with the affected hip bone 5, forming a double bony fit constraint. Finally, the fixation is completed by passing the Kirschner wire 6 through the through-hole positioning hole 202, so that the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2 and the affected hip bone 5 are rigidly fixed as one, effectively avoiding angle deviation during the operation. This establishes a stable and uniform angle benchmark for subsequent acetabular reaming and prosthesis trial placement. The positioning angle is precisely adjusted and firmly fixed throughout the process, which greatly improves the accuracy and reliability of surgical positioning. At the same time, the operation steps are smoothly connected, reducing the difficulty of the operation during the operation.

[0045] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, when using the acetabular reamer guide 3, the first positioning slot 302 of the acetabular reamer guide 3 is aligned with the positioning guide plate 203 of the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator 2, and the two are inserted and fixed. At this time, the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator 2 can position the acetabular reamer guide 3. Through the precise insertion and fixation of the first positioning slot 302 and the positioning guide plate 203, the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator 2 provides precise angle and position positioning for the acetabular reamer guide 3, and accurately transmits the preoperative planned acetabular abduction angle and anteversion angle benchmark to the acetabular reamer guide 3, ensuring that its guiding angle is completely consistent with the preset surgical angle, avoiding angle deviation during grinding. At the same time, the plug-in fixation makes the acetabular reamer guide 3 installed firmly, laying a reliable guiding foundation for the subsequent precise grinding of the acetabular reamer, and is easy to disassemble and assemble, improving the efficiency of intraoperative operation.

[0046] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, when using the acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide 4, the second positioning slot 402 of the acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide 4 is aligned with the positioning guide plate 203 of the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction locator 2, and the two are inserted and fixed. At this time, the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction locator 2 can position the acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide 4. Through the precise insertion and cooperation between the second positioning slot 402 and the positioning guide plate 203, the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction locator 2 can provide precise limit and rigid positioning for the acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide 4, stably transmit the preset abduction angle and anteversion angle reference, and ensure that the trial mold installation posture strictly conforms to the preoperative planned angle; the insertion and assembly is firm and reliable, and the alignment is convenient and fast, which can effectively prevent angle deviation and position deviation during the trial molding process, and ensure that the acetabular trial mold tool completes model matching and placement verification under the standard guiding posture, providing a unified, stable and continuous positioning reference support for the subsequent precise implantation of the acetabular cup prosthesis.

[0047] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: First, based on the patient's medical imaging data, such as CT, X-ray, or MRI, a model of the patient's affected acetabulum and femoral head is reconstructed. Then, based on the patient's femoral head model, a 3D-printed acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 and an acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2 are created. An acetabular reamer guide 3, an acetabular cup trial mold, and an acetabular placement guide 4 are also prepared. During surgery, the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 and the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2 are assembled. The acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 is inserted into the patient's acetabulum using the acetabular cup embedding and positioning part 101. The acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 is adjusted to a suitable angle to position the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2. The acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle direction positioning device 2 is then fixed using Kirschner wires 6. After fixation, the acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device 1 is removed, and the acetabular reamer guide 3 and the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle direction positioning device 4 are then installed. The directional locator 2 is inserted and fixed. At this time, the directional locator 2 can position the acetabular reamer guide 3 for the abduction and anteversion angles of the acetabular cup. The medical staff inserts the handle of the acetabular reamer into the first half-enclosure clamp 304 of the acetabular reamer guide 3 to achieve axial positioning of the acetabular reamer. The medical staff grinds the patient's acetabulum with the acetabular reamer until the acetabulum size meets the standard for installing the acetabular prosthesis. After grinding, the medical staff removes the acetabular reamer guide 3, and then inserts and fixes the acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide 4 with the directional locator 2 for the abduction and anteversion angles of the acetabular cup. The handle of the acetabular trial mold is inserted into the second half-enclosure clamp 405, and the acetabular trial mold is embedded into the ground acetabulum for trial molding to confirm the required acetabular prosthesis specifications. After confirming the required acetabular prosthesis specifications, the installation rod containing the acetabular prosthesis is inserted into the second half-enclosure clamp 405 and inserted into the ground acetabulum to fix the acetabular prosthesis, thereby realizing hip replacement.

[0048] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical guide for hip replacement surgery, comprising an acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device (1), an acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device (2), an acetabular reamer guide (3), and an acetabular cup trial mold and acetabular placement guide (4), characterized in that: The acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device (1) and the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction positioning device (2) are both made by scanning and reconstructing the patient's affected acetabulum and femoral head model and 3D printing. The acetabular cup angle positioning and fixing device (1) includes an acetabular embedding positioning part (101), a central positioning rod (102) is fixed at the bottom of the acetabular embedding positioning part (101), a reinforcing connecting part (103) is fixed on the central positioning rod (102), and a through slot (104) is integrally fixed at the end of the reinforcing connecting part (103). The acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator (2) includes a positioning and fixing part (201), which has at least one through positioning hole (202). A positioning guide plate (203) is integrally fixed on one side of the positioning and fixing part (201), and the cross section of the positioning guide plate (203) is a chamfered rectangle.

2. The surgical guide for hip replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acetabular embedding and positioning part (101) is made according to the scan reconstruction model of the patient's affected acetabulum and can match the patient's affected acetabulum. One side of the acetabular embedding and positioning part (101) is integrally fixed with a hip bone positioning hook (105). The top of the hip bone positioning hook (105) is made according to the scan reconstruction model of the patient's affected acetabular rim and can fit against the patient's affected acetabular rim.

3. The surgical guide for hip replacement surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the positioning and fixing part (201) and the positioning guide plate (203) are integrally formed with a hip bone fitting surface (204). The hip bone fitting surface (204) is made according to the scan reconstruction model of the surface of the patient's hip bone and can fit with the hip bone on the affected side of the patient. The specifications of the positioning guide plate (203) match the specifications of the through slot (104).

4. The hip replacement surgical guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acetabular reamer guide (3) includes a first connecting base (301), one end of which is provided with a first positioning slot (302), the specifications of which match the positioning guide plate (203), and a first connecting arm (303) is integrally fixed to the top of one side of the first connecting base (301).

5. A hip replacement surgical guide according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first connecting arm (303) is fixed with a first semi-enclosed clamp (304) at its end. The first connecting base (301) is integrally fixed with a first reinforcing diagonal brace (305) on the top side of the first connecting arm (303). The end of the first reinforcing diagonal brace (305) is fixed to the first connecting arm (303).

6. A hip replacement surgical guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, The acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide (4) includes a second connecting base (401), one end of which is provided with a second positioning slot (402), the specifications of which match the positioning guide plate (203), and a second connecting arm (403) is integrally fixed to the top of one side of the second connecting base (401).

7. A hip replacement surgical guide according to claim 6, characterized in that, The end of the second connecting arm (403) is fixed with a second semi-enclosed clamp (405), and the top of the second connecting base (401) near the second connecting arm (403) is integrally fixed with a second reinforcing diagonal brace (404), and the end of the second reinforcing diagonal brace (404) is fixed to the second connecting arm (403).

8. A hip replacement surgical guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, When fixing the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator (2) to the affected hip bone (5), first pass the positioning guide plate (203) of the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator (2) through the through slot (104) of the acetabular cup angle locator (1), then embed the acetabular embedded positioning part (101) of the acetabular cup angle locator (1) into the patient's acetabulum, fit the hip bone positioning hook (105) with the acetabular rim, adjust the angle of the acetabular cup angle locator (1) through the central positioning rod (102), after adjusting to a suitable angle, keep the angle of the acetabular cup angle locator (1) unchanged, slide the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator (2) toward the hip bone, so that the hip bone contact surface (204) is close to the patient's hip bone, and then fix the acetabular cup abduction and anteversion angle locator (2) by passing the Kirschner wire (6) through the through positioning hole (202).

9. A hip replacement surgical guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the acetabular reamer guide (3) is in use, the first positioning slot (302) of the acetabular reamer guide (3) is aligned with the positioning guide plate (203) of the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator (2), and the two are inserted and fixed. At this time, the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle locator (2) can position the acetabular reamer guide (3).

10. A hip replacement surgical guide according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide (4) are in use, the second positioning slot (402) of the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide (4) is aligned with the positioning guide plate (203) of the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction locator (2), and the two are inserted and fixed. At this time, the acetabular cup abduction angle and anteversion angle direction locator (2) can position the acetabular cup mold and acetabular placement guide (4).

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