A method for preparing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials based on phoretic permeation flow

Abstract

This invention provides a method for preparing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials based on phoretic permeation flow. The method involves modifying the surface of colloidal particles with a sacrificial response layer, endowing them with the ability to generate phoretic permeation flow in response to an external field. A localized temperature gradient field is induced on the particle surface by the external field, exciting the phoretic permeation flow. Combined with microfluidic quasi-two-dimensional constraints, the microspheres are forced to rearrange their positions, achieving an ultrahomogeneous state. Immediately afterward, the particles are solidified using in-situ ultraviolet light curing technology. Then, combined with an etching process, the metal / catalyst layer is dissolved into ions through a chemical reaction and diffused out, while the non-metallic microsphere framework is retained, resulting in a disordered ultrahomogeneous material. This method addresses the problems of low efficiency and poor universality in the preparation of existing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials. It belongs to the field of new material preparation and soft matter physics technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of new material preparation and soft matter physics, and specifically relates to a method for preparing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials based on phoretic permeation flow. Background Technology

[0002] Matter in nature is generally classified into ordered states (such as crystals) and disordered states (such as gases and liquids). In 2003, Torquato et al. proposed a new state of matter that lies between the two—disordered hyperuniformity. This state exhibits liquid-like disorder (isotropy) in the short range, but in the long range, it significantly suppresses density fluctuations (i.e., particle number fluctuations) like a crystal. This combination of crystal and liquid properties gives disordered hyperuniformity many unique properties. Although it lacks the periodic particle position distribution similar to crystals, it can generate photonic band gaps like crystals. More significantly, unlike the anisotropy of photonic band gaps in crystals, the photonic band gaps of disordered hyperuniformity exhibit are isotropic and are easier to realize. From a materials science perspective, disordered ultrahomogeneous materials also possess isotropy and defect insensitivity, which can effectively resist interference from internal defects in materials. This makes them highly promising materials for preparing isotropic photonic band gaps, demonstrating enormous application potential and making them a current research hotspot in the fields of physics and materials science.

[0003] However, current techniques for preparing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials face significant challenges. Existing methods primarily rely on manipulating individual particles using techniques such as optical tweezers to control their spatial structure, or on passive self-assembly under specific conditions. While the former offers high precision, it is extremely inefficient and lacks rapid and effective means to achieve large-scale particle arrangement control, making it difficult to meet the needs of macroscopic material preparation. The latter is often sensitive to process defects and exhibits poor structural controllability.

[0004] In recent years, researchers have discovered that fluid interactions in reactive material systems can effectively induce the generation of disordered ultrahomogeneous states. A 2021 study by Professor Zhang Hepeng's research group at Shanghai Jiao Tong University found that marine algae undergoing circular motion generate divergent flow fields around themselves, resulting in a disordered ultrahomogeneous arrangement. This study confirms that in non-equilibrium systems, long-range hydrodynamic interactions (such as long-range repulsion or fluid shear) transmitted between reactive particles through fluid media can effectively counteract local aggregation tendencies, thereby significantly suppressing large density fluctuations on a large scale and inducing disordered ultrahomogeneous states. More importantly, compared to passive Brownian particles that rely on thermal fluctuations for diffusion, reactive materials can explore larger spatial regions in a shorter time. This enhanced transport capability allows reactive particles to traverse phase space more efficiently, rapidly eliminating local arrangement defects, thus greatly accelerating the dynamic process of the system's evolution from an initial disordered state to an ultrahomogeneous steady state. This characteristic provides a new physical mechanism for solving the problems of long processing times and low efficiency in traditional self-assembly methods, laying the foundation for the rapid preparation of disordered ultrahomogeneous materials.

[0005] Current research on ultrahomogeneous states based on reactive materials largely focuses on specific biological systems (such as algae and bacteria) or self-driven mechanisms relying on intrinsic particle properties. The flow field morphology generated in these systems is typically determined by the particle's own motion patterns, lacking the flexibility of external artificial intervention and making it difficult to precisely and in real-time control of particle arrangement. How to combine the efficient dynamic advantages of reactive materials' "rapid exploration of space" with controllable external flow field manipulation techniques to develop a universal, efficient, and large-scale technology for preparing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials is a key problem urgently needing to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention proposes a method for preparing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials based on phoresis osmotic flow. By artificially modifying "passive particles" into "artificial active colloids," the method utilizes the phoresis osmotic flow generated around the active particles under the influence of an external light field as a means to control the spatial position and structure of the particles. The aim is to achieve large-scale, rapid, and controllable assembly of active colloidal particles, thereby efficiently preparing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials with practical application value, and solving the problems of low preparation efficiency and poor universality of existing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials.

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a method for preparing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials based on inductively coupled flow. The method includes: modifying the surface of colloidal particles with a metal or catalyst film as a sacrificial response layer, endowing them with the ability to generate inductively coupled flow in response to an external field; inducing a localized temperature gradient field on the particle surface using the external field to excite the inductively coupled flow; the long-range hydrodynamic repulsion generated by this flow field effectively suppresses density fluctuations of the particles on a large scale; combining this with microfluidic quasi-two-dimensional constraints to force microspheres to rearrange their positions; once an ultrahomogeneous state is achieved, the particles are immediately solidified using in-situ ultraviolet light curing technology; and then, combined with an etching removal process, the metal / catalyst layer is dissolved into ions through a chemical reaction and diffused out, while retaining the non-metallic microsphere framework, thus obtaining a disordered ultrahomogeneous material.

[0008] In the above method, the colloidal particles are monodisperse microspheres, and the materials of the microspheres include, but are not limited to, inorganic non-metallic materials (such as silica, titanium dioxide) or polymeric materials (such as polystyrene PS, polymethyl methacrylate PMMA). This invention does not strictly limit the intrinsic material of the microspheres; as long as a sacrificial response layer can be modified on their surface by physical or chemical methods, it is applicable.

[0009] The specific steps of this method are as follows:

[0010] Step 1: Disperse monodisperse microspheres in anhydrous ethanol, and perform ultrasonic cleaning and surface plasma hydrophilization treatment to enhance coating adhesion.

[0011] Step 2: A metal or catalyst film is uniformly deposited on the surface of the microspheres using magnetron sputtering. The deposition thickness is controlled to ensure both efficient photothermal conversion to generate a local temperature gradient and easy removal by subsequent etching.

[0012] Step 3: Prepare a solvent containing photosensitive monomers and photoinitiators to suspend the microspheres in it, in preparation for subsequent curing;

[0013] Step 4: Inject the functionalized microsphere suspension into the microfluidic reaction chamber and apply a low-frequency alternating electric field in the vertical direction to constrain the microspheres in a quasi-two-dimensional plane near the bottom substrate, forming a monolayer of high-concentration disordered distribution.

[0014] Step 5: Irradiate the microsphere layer with a laser. The surface of the functionalized microspheres absorbs external energy and heats up. A local temperature gradient field is generated around the microspheres through solvothermal conduction.

[0015] Step 6: Adjust the external field intensity to control the temperature gradient field size, precisely control the velocity field of the infiltration flow, and use the long-range hydrodynamic repulsive force mediated by the flow field to overcome the short-range attraction and Brownian random force between microspheres, forcing the microspheres to rearrange their positions.

[0016] Step 7: Once the ultra-uniform state is achieved, immediately trigger a high-intensity ultraviolet light source to expose the entire field of view and solidify the active microspheres;

[0017] Step 8: Place the cured film in an etching solution. Through a chemical reaction, the metal / catalyst layer is dissolved into an ionic state and diffused out, leaving only the non-metallic microsphere skeleton. Dialysis with deionized water and supercritical drying are then performed to finally obtain a disordered ultra-uniform material with a pure structure and excellent optical properties.

[0018] In step one above, the monodisperse microsphere particle size range ;

[0019] In step two above, a layer with a thickness of [thickness missing] is uniformly deposited on the surface of the microspheres. Platinum film;

[0020] In step two above, a gold thin film is deposited on the surface of the microspheres using a magnetron sputtering system. The sputtering current is set to 10 mA and the sputtering time to 60 seconds, forming a 15-layer gold film on the surface of the microspheres. A uniform 25 nm gold coating, which serves as a photothermal conversion medium, i.e. a sacrificial response layer, endows inert microspheres with the ability to respond to light fields and generate local thermal gradients.

[0021] In the above method, when preparing the solvent for the environment of the colloidal particles, 0.1%-5% (w / v) of photosensitive monomer and photoinitiator are added to the solvent in advance to prepare for subsequent curing;

[0022] In the above method, the laser wavelength irradiated onto the microsphere layer is 532 nm;

[0023] In the above method, a high frame rate microscope camera is used to collect the two-dimensional coordinate information of microspheres in the field of view in real time. The density fluctuation and structure factor of the particle position arrangement are calculated in real time by fast Fourier transform. The critical threshold of the microsphere structure density fluctuation variance and the structure factor is set to determine whether the system enters the disordered ultra-uniform critical state. If the structure factor does not reach the critical threshold, the external field parameters are adjusted to increase the light intensity to improve the repulsive interaction caused by the flow mechanics between particles until the condition of ultra-uniform arrangement is met.

[0024] According to microsphere coordinates Real-time calculation of density fluctuations of SiO2 microspheres and structural factors To monitor the assembly process, if density fluctuations are detected... middle L is the size of the detection window, and the structure factor is... under the wavelet vector , If the microspheres are determined to have reached a disordered and ultra-uniform arrangement, the next step of curing and shaping will be carried out. If the disordered and ultra-uniform state is not reached, the intensity of the external field modulation infiltration flow will be adjusted to make the SiO2 microspheres reach a disordered and ultra-uniform arrangement.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. This invention breaks through the limitations of material properties and solves the problems of low efficiency and poor universality in the preparation of existing disordered ultra-uniform materials. It realizes the wide universality of the preparation of disordered ultra-uniform materials and provides a general technical means for the industrial preparation of isotropic photonic bandgap materials. It creatively proposes the "sacrificial response layer" strategy, which modifies the surface of microspheres with metal or catalyst films to give them the ability to generate inductive flow in response to external fields. Combined with the subsequent etching removal process, most dielectric materials can be prepared into disordered ultra-uniform materials, and the final product does not contain metal or impurity residues, ensuring the high quality factor and intrinsic optical properties of the material.

[0027] 2. This invention is also beneficial for the large-area, high-efficiency, and rapid assembly of disordered ultra-uniform materials. Compared with the inefficient method of manipulating particles one by one using traditional "optical tweezers" technology, this invention uses external field-induced infiltration flow to drive particles to move collectively, which can complete the macroscopic-scale ordered assembly within a time scale of seconds to minutes, greatly improving the preparation efficiency and meeting the needs of industrial production.

[0028] 3. The process of this invention is flexible and controllable, with good compatibility and scalability. It does not limit the form of the external field (light, heat, chemical field) and can flexibly select the driving method according to the characteristics of the target material. Moreover, the intensity of the external field is adjustable. Combined with a real-time feedback system, it realizes precise closed-loop control of the microstructure.

[0029] 4. The combination of electrophoretic infiltration functionalized substrates and microfluidic systems allows this technology to be easily integrated into existing micro-nano fabrication lines without the need for expensive ultra-high precision photolithography equipment, thus reducing fabrication costs and technical barriers. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the preparation process for disordered ultrahomogeneous materials;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a temperature distribution diagram generated by SiO2 microspheres;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a flow field distribution diagram around the SiO2 microspheres in the xy plane;

[0033] Figure 4 (A) Spatial arrangement of SiO2 particles under the action of infiltration flow. (B) Fluctuations in SiO2 particle density with changes in the spatial detection window. Detailed Implementation

[0034] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.

[0035] In the following description, certain specific details are set forth for the purpose of illustrating various disclosed embodiments in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will recognize that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other instances, well-known apparatuses, structures, and techniques associated with this application may not have been shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

[0036] Example:

[0037] See attached document Figures 1 to 4 This embodiment provides a method for preparing a disordered ultra-uniform silica material:

[0038] Preparation of experimental materials and apparatus: (1) Colloidal particles: monodisperse silica (SiO2) microspheres, average particle size (2) Photosensitive solvent system: an aqueous solution system containing a photoinitiator. (3) External field system: a 532 nm continuous wave laser (as a heating drive light) and a 365 nm LED light source (as a curing light source).

[0039] SiO2 microsphere surface cleaning: Disperse SiO2 microspheres in anhydrous ethanol, sonicate for 15 minutes, centrifuge to remove the supernatant, repeat three times to remove surface impurities.

[0040] Functional layer coating on SiO2 microspheres: A gold film was deposited on the surface of the microspheres using a magnetron sputtering system. The sputtering current was set to 10 mA and the sputtering time to 60 seconds, forming a uniform gold coating layer with a thickness of approximately 20 nm on the surface of the microspheres. This gold layer serves as a photothermal conversion medium (i.e., a sacrificial response layer), endowing the inert microspheres with the ability to respond to the light field and generate a local thermal gradient.

[0041] Preparation of photosensitive solvent: Add 2% (w / v) polyethylene glycol diacrylate and 0.5% (w / v) photoinitiator to distilled water, and sonicate to dissolve and mix evenly to prepare a homogeneous and transparent solution.

[0042] Substrate pretreatment: A glass substrate was selected, and after ultrasonic cleaning with acetone (50kHz, 15min), drying with nitrogen, it was treated in an oxygen plasma environment for 5 minutes (power 100W) to enhance the surface hydrophilicity.

[0043] Construction of the electrophoretic permeation substrate: Pluronic F-127 (triblock copolymer) was dissolved in deionized water to prepare a 2wt% solution. The solution was magnetically stirred at 25°C for 2 hours. The solution was then uniformly coated onto the pretreated substrate by spin coating (3000 rpm, 30 seconds) to form a functional layer with a thickness of about 100 nm. The layer was then dried in a constant temperature oven at 30°C for 12 hours to allow Pluronic F-127 to self-assemble into an ordered micelle layer, which serves as a thermally permeable active interface.

[0044] Construction and confinement of the quasi-two-dimensional system: The above-mentioned functionalized microspheres were dispersed in a photosensitive solution, injected into a microfluidic reaction chamber, and a low-frequency alternating electric field (10kHz, 2V) in the vertical direction was applied to confine the microspheres in a quasi-two-dimensional plane near the bottom, forming a monolayer suspension.

[0045] Photothermal permeation flow-induced assembly: A 532 nm laser is activated to irradiate the microsphere layer. The gold layer on the surface of the microsphere absorbs the light energy, causing the surface temperature of the microsphere to rise. This establishes a radially divergent local temperature / concentration gradient field in the solvent surrounding the microsphere.

[0046] Real-time monitoring of structural factors: Under the continuous drive of the infiltration flow field, the microspheres undergo position rearrangement in a two-dimensional plane. The position coordinates of the microspheres are acquired in real time through a microscopic observation system. And calculate density fluctuations and structure factor. To monitor the assembly process.

[0047] Dynamic feedback: based on microsphere coordinates Real-time calculation of density fluctuations of SiO2 microspheres and structural factors To monitor the assembly process, if density fluctuations are detected... middle (L is the size of the detection window) and the structure factor under the wavelet vector , If the microspheres are determined to have reached a disordered and ultra-uniform arrangement, the next step of curing and shaping will be carried out. If the disordered and ultra-uniform state is not reached, the intensity of the external field modulation infiltration flow will be adjusted to make the SiO2 microspheres reach a disordered and ultra-uniform arrangement.

[0048] Transient curing and shaping: Once the attachment is detected Figure 3 The ultra-uniform critical state data characteristics shown immediately keep the laser on (maintaining the repulsive force to prevent structural relaxation), while simultaneously triggering a 365 nm ultraviolet light source (intensity). With a full exposure time of 1.0 second, the solvent undergoes a photopolymerization reaction and transforms into a solid gel, instantly locking in the disordered and ultra-uniform arrangement of the microspheres.

[0049] Sacrificial layer removal and post-treatment: The cured two-dimensional film was immersed in dilute hydrofluoric acid etching solution for 2 hours to etch away the gold sacrificial layer on the surface of the microspheres through the gel pores. Then, it was washed by deionized water dialysis and supercritical drying to finally obtain pure two-dimensional disordered ultra-uniform silica material.

[0050] Experimental results:

[0051] To verify the feasibility of the method described in this application and the excellent performance of the prepared material, a systematic physical mechanism analysis and microstructure characterization were performed on the silica material obtained in the examples. The specific results are as follows:

[0052] 1. The effectiveness of sacrificial layer modification and the establishment of local temperature field

[0053] The thermodynamic behavior of monodisperse functionalized SiO2 microspheres under an external light field was analyzed through computational simulation, verifying the effectiveness of the sacrificial layer modification on the microsphere surface. Figure 2 As shown, under the influence of an external light field, the surface of the microspheres coated with a gold (Au) thin film exhibits a significant photothermal conversion effect, resulting in a significant temperature rise. This result directly confirms that the magnetron sputtering process successfully endows the inert microspheres with efficient photothermal response capabilities, and the sacrificial layer functionalization achieves the expected effect. Due to the efficient absorption and conversion of light energy by the gold layer, heat diffuses from the microsphere to the surrounding medium. Simulation results show that a radially divergent local temperature gradient field is successfully established in the solvent surrounding the microsphere. The successful construction of this gradient provides the necessary and precise thermodynamic driving source for subsequent excitation of the electrophoretic permeation flow.

[0054] 2. Excitation and Long-Range Repulsion Mechanism of Infiltration Flow Field

[0055] Based on the effectively established temperature gradient field, significant hydrodynamic responses were observed, revealing the dynamic mechanism of microsphere self-assembly. Figure 3As shown in the flow field vector distribution diagram, the substrate induces a percolating flow in the surrounding fluid under the drive of the temperature gradient. Flow field structure analysis shows that the fluid flows along the temperature gradient direction, forming an outwardly divergent flow field structure around each microsphere. This divergent flow field excited by a single particle couples with each other in the multi-particle system, generating long-range hydrodynamic repulsive interactions between the particles. Unlike traditional short-range van der Waals forces or electrostatic repulsion, this hydrodynamic repulsion is a long-range interaction force with a larger range (up to several times the diameter of the microsphere). It can effectively overcome the randomness of Brownian motion, prevent local particle aggregation, and drive particles to explore rapidly in phase space, achieving a rapid evolution from disorder to order.

[0056] 3. Verification of disordered ultrahomogeneous structures

[0057] To quantitatively evaluate the "disorderly and ultra-uniform" characteristics of the prepared material, the variance of particle number density fluctuations under different detection window sizes L was statistically calculated. Calculation results show that, at a smaller detection window scale ( The density fluctuation curve shows The decay law indicates that, at the local microscale, the particle positional arrangement exhibits a randomness similar to that of a liquid. As the detection window size increases ( The decay rate of the density fluctuation curve accelerates significantly, and it then exhibits... , where the fit index According to the disordered hyperhomogeneity theory, in a two-dimensional system, when the density fluctuation decays exponentially... At that time, the system is in a disordered, ultra-uniform state. The values ​​measured in this embodiment... This confirms that the present invention successfully suppressed the large fluctuations in long-wavelength density by using swirling flow, and proves that the obtained material has a highly uniform structural distribution on a macroscopic scale.

[0058] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing disordered ultrahomogeneous materials based on phoretic permeation flow, characterized in that, include: By modifying the surface of colloidal particles with a metal or catalyst film as a sacrificial response layer, the particles are endowed with the ability to generate swirling flow in response to an external field. The external field induces a local temperature gradient field on the particle surface, which excites swirling flow. Combined with microfluidic quasi-two-dimensional constraint, the microspheres are forced to rearrange their positions. Once an ultra-uniform state is reached, the particles are immediately solidified by in-situ UV curing technology. Then, combined with an etching removal process, the metal / catalyst layer is dissolved into an ionic state through a chemical reaction and diffused out, while the non-metallic microsphere skeleton is preserved, resulting in a disordered ultra-uniform material.

2. The method for preparing a disordered ultrahomogeneous material based on phoretic permeation flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The colloidal particles are monodisperse microspheres.

3. The method for preparing a disordered ultrahomogeneous material based on phoretic permeation flow according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific steps of this method are as follows: Step 1: Disperse monodisperse microspheres in anhydrous ethanol, and perform ultrasonic cleaning and surface plasma hydrophilization treatment. Step 2: A metal or catalyst film is uniformly deposited on the surface of the microspheres using magnetron sputtering, with the deposition thickness controlled. Step 3: Prepare a solvent containing photosensitive monomers and photoinitiators, and suspend the microspheres in it; Step 4: Inject the functionalized microsphere suspension into the microfluidic reaction chamber and apply a low-frequency alternating electric field in the vertical direction to constrain the microspheres in a quasi-two-dimensional plane near the bottom substrate, forming a monolayer of high-concentration disordered distribution. Step 5: Irradiate the microsphere layer with a laser. The surface of the functionalized microspheres absorbs external energy and heats up. A local temperature gradient field is generated around the microspheres through solvothermal conduction. Step 6: Adjust the external field intensity to regulate the temperature gradient field and precisely control the velocity field of the infiltration flow. Utilize the long-range hydrodynamic repulsive force mediated by the flow field to overcome the short-range attraction and Brownian random force between microspheres, forcing the microspheres to rearrange their positions. Step 7: Once the ultra-uniform state is achieved, immediately trigger a high-intensity ultraviolet light source to expose the entire field of view and solidify the active microspheres; Step 8: Place the cured film in an etching solution. The metal / catalyst layer is dissolved into ions through a chemical reaction and diffused out, while the non-metallic microsphere skeleton is retained. The material is then obtained by dialysis with deionized water and supercritical drying.

4. The method for preparing a disordered ultrahomogeneous material based on phoretic permeation flow according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step one, the size range of monodisperse microspheres .

5. The method for preparing a disordered ultrahomogeneous material based on phoretic permeation flow according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step two, a layer with a thickness of [thickness missing] is uniformly deposited on the surface of the microspheres. A platinum film.

6. The method for preparing a disordered ultrahomogeneous material based on phoretic permeation flow according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step two, a gold thin film is deposited on the surface of the microspheres using a magnetron sputtering system. The sputtering current is set to 10 mA and the sputtering time to 60 seconds, forming a 15-layer gold film on the surface of the microspheres. A uniform 25 nm gold coating, which serves as a photothermal conversion medium, i.e. a sacrificial response layer, endows inert microspheres with the ability to respond to light fields and generate local thermal gradients.

7. The method for preparing a disordered ultrahomogeneous material based on phoretic permeation flow according to claim 3, characterized in that: When preparing the solvent for the environment of the colloidal particles, 0.1%-5% (w / v) of photosensitive monomer and photoinitiator are added to the solvent in advance to prepare for subsequent curing.

8. The method for preparing a disordered ultrahomogeneous material based on phoretic permeation flow according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser wavelength irradiated onto the microsphere layer was 532 nm.

9. The method for preparing a disordered ultrahomogeneous material based on phoretic permeation flow according to claim 3, characterized in that: A high frame rate microscope camera is used to acquire the two-dimensional coordinate information of microspheres in the field of view in real time. The density fluctuations and structure factors of the particle position arrangement are calculated in real time by fast Fourier transform. The critical thresholds of the microsphere structure density fluctuation variance and the structure factor are set to determine whether the system enters the disordered ultra-uniform critical state. If the structure factor does not reach the critical threshold, the external field parameters are adjusted to increase the light intensity to enhance the repulsive interaction caused by the flow mechanics between particles until the condition of ultra-uniform arrangement is met.

10. The method for preparing a disordered ultrahomogeneous material based on phoretic permeation flow according to claim 9, characterized in that: According to microsphere coordinates Real-time calculation of density fluctuations of SiO2 microspheres and structural factors To monitor the assembly process, if density fluctuations are detected... middle L is the size of the detection window, and the structure factor is... under the wavelet vector , If the microspheres are determined to have reached a disordered and ultra-uniform arrangement, the next step of curing and shaping will be carried out. If the disordered and ultra-uniform state is not reached, the intensity of the external field modulation infiltration flow will be adjusted to make the SiO2 microspheres reach a disordered and ultra-uniform arrangement.

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