A graphite crucible surface polishing device

Abstract

A graphite crucible surface polishing device, belonging to the field of graphite crucible polishing technology, addresses the problem that during grinding with abrasive wheels, a large amount of fine and highly adhesive graphite dust is generated, causing the grinding process to change from a cutting and grinding state to a simple sliding friction state, severely damaging the surface integrity and microstructure of the graphite crucible and significantly shortening its service life. The invention includes a worktable and a rotating clamping component mounted on the worktable surface. A drive frame is fixedly mounted on the worktable surface, and a fixed plate is provided on one side of the drive frame. An electric push rod is fixedly mounted at one end of the fixed plate. A rotating component is slidably connected inside the fixed plate, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the rotating component. A detection component is fixedly mounted on one side of the fixed plate. This invention relies on the detection component to monitor the temperature of the grinding area in real time. Under normal operating conditions, the electric push rod can drive the grinding wheel column to quickly retract, rapidly cutting off the frictional heat source.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of graphite crucible polishing technology, specifically to a graphite crucible surface polishing device. Background Technology

[0002] Graphite crucibles, with their advantages of high temperature resistance, excellent thermal conductivity, and good chemical stability, are widely used in production operations in industries such as metallurgy, casting, chemical industry, and new material smelting. After forming and processing, the outer surface of graphite crucibles often has defects such as burrs, unevenness, dimensional deviations, and excessive surface roughness. If surface polishing is not performed, it will not only affect the overall appearance accuracy and assembly performance of the crucible, but also cause problems such as material adhesion, uneven heating, and shortened service life during subsequent material smelting. Therefore, it is necessary to use a special polishing device to grind and finish the outer surface of graphite crucibles. At present, the industry generally uses conventional grinding wheel polishing equipment to grind and polish the surface of graphite crucibles. During the operation, the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel contacts and cuts the surface of the graphite crucible to remove excess material and uneven defects, thereby achieving a smooth surface finish.

[0003] Current graphite crucible surface polishing devices generate a large amount of fine and highly adhesive graphite dust during the grinding process. These graphite dust particles are small and have strong adhesion, making them easy to embed and clog the abrasive grain gaps and chip grooves on the grinding wheel surface. Over time, this accumulation can cause severe clogging of the grinding wheel and abrasive grain passivation. Once the grinding wheel becomes clogged and passivated, its surface abrasive grains lose their normal cutting ability. The original cutting and grinding state between the grinding wheel and the graphite crucible changes to a simple sliding friction state, resulting in a phenomenon where the surface becomes smoother but no cutting occurs. Continuous dry friction generates a large amount of frictional heat in the contact area between the grinding wheel and the graphite crucible, causing the grinding contact area to quickly reach high temperatures. Under high temperature conditions, the surface integrity and microstructure of the graphite crucible are severely damaged. At the same time, local high temperatures cause uneven thermal stress, significantly shortening the service life of the graphite crucible.

[0004] To address the above problems, a graphite crucible surface polishing device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a graphite crucible surface polishing device. By using this device, the problems mentioned above are solved, such as the generation of a large amount of fine and highly viscous graphite dust during grinding with a grinding wheel, the change of the original cutting and grinding state between the grinding wheel and the graphite crucible to a simple sliding friction state, which seriously damages the surface integrity and microstructure of the graphite crucible, and the uneven thermal stress caused by local high temperature, which greatly shortens the service life of the graphite crucible.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A graphite crucible surface polishing device includes a worktable and a rotating clamping component mounted on the worktable surface. A drive frame is fixedly mounted on the worktable surface, a fixed plate is provided on one side of the drive frame, an electric push rod is fixedly mounted on one end of the fixed plate, a rotating component is slidably connected inside the fixed plate, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the rotating component. A detection component is fixedly mounted on one side of the fixed plate, a support rod is fixedly mounted on one end of the rotating component, and a magnetic suction component is installed inside the support rod. The electric push rod, the detection component, and the magnetic suction component are electrically connected through a controller. The internal structure also includes an elastic limiting seat, one end of which is rotatably connected to a positioning seat, and the other end of the support rod is rotatably connected to a fixed rod. The elastic limiting seat and the fixed rod are slidably connected. A cylinder is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed rod. One end of the positioning seat is slidably connected to the bottom of the cylinder. A grinding wheel is fixedly installed at one end of the cylinder. Two sets of elastic locking seats are provided on both sides inside the fixed rod. One end of the elastic locking seat is in contact with the surface of the positioning seat, and the other end of the elastic locking seat is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder. The fixed rod is also provided with locking components on both sides, and the locking components are slidably locked with the cylinder.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotating clamping component includes a first motor and a three-jaw chuck fixedly installed at the output end of the first motor. The first motor is fixedly connected inside the worktable, and the three-jaw chuck is rotatably connected to the worktable.

[0009] Furthermore, the drive frame includes a fixed frame and a cylinder fixed to one side of the fixed frame. The fixed frame is fixedly connected to the worktable, and two guide plates are fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame, with the fixed plate slidably connected to the two guide plates.

[0010] Furthermore, the rotating component includes a movable block and a second motor fixed to the top of the movable block. The output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the movable block. A connecting frame is fixedly installed on the surface of the second motor and is fixedly connected to the movable block. Movable plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the movable block and are slidably connected to the fixed plate inside. A shaft is fixedly installed on the output end of the second motor and is rotatably connected to the movable block. A support rod is fixedly connected to the shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, the detection element includes an L-shaped rod and a temperature sensor fixed to one end of the L-shaped rod, and the L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to a fixing plate.

[0012] Furthermore, the magnetic attractor includes an electromagnet and a battery fixed inside the support rod. The electromagnet is fixedly connected to the support rod, and the battery is electrically connected to the electromagnet through a wire.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic limiting seat includes a first cylinder and a magnetic ring fixed to one end of the first cylinder. The first cylinder is slidably connected to the inside of the support rod. Four first limiting plates are fixedly installed on the surface of the first cylinder, and the four first limiting plates are slidably connected to the support rod and the fixed rod respectively. A first spring is also fixedly installed at one end of the first cylinder, and one end of the first spring is fixedly connected to the inside of the support rod. A cross rod is slidably connected to the inside of one end of the first cylinder, and the cross rod is fixedly connected to the inside of the support rod. A rotating plate is fixedly installed at the other end of the first cylinder, and the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the positioning seat. A rotating ring is also fixedly installed at the other end of the first cylinder, and the rotating ring is rotatably connected to the fixed rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the positioning seat includes a second cylinder and four second limiting plates fixed on the surface of the second cylinder. The second cylinder is slidably connected to the inside of the fixing rod, and the four second limiting plates are slidably connected to the bottom of the cylinder respectively. Two sets of guide grooves are opened on both sides of the second cylinder, and two sets of limiting grooves are also opened on both sides of the second cylinder. The limiting grooves are connected to the guide grooves, and one end of the elastic card seat is in contact with the inner wall of the limiting groove.

[0015] Furthermore, the elastic card holder includes a plug rod and an annular card plate fixed on the surface of the plug rod. The plug rod is slidably connected to the fixed rod and the cylinder respectively. The annular card plate is slidably connected to the fixed rod. A second spring is fixedly installed on one side of the annular card plate, and one end of the second spring is fixedly connected to the fixed rod. A roller is installed on one end of the plug rod, and the roller is in contact with the inner wall of the limiting groove.

[0016] Furthermore, the snap-fit ​​component includes an arc-shaped block and a third spring fixed to one end of the arc-shaped block. The arc-shaped block is slidably connected to the fixed rod and the cylinder, respectively, and the third spring is fixedly connected to the fixed rod.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. This device relies on the detection component to monitor the temperature of the grinding area in real time. Under normal working conditions, the grinding wheel column can be driven by the electric push rod to quickly retract and cut off the friction heat source.

[0019] 2. When the electric push rod malfunctions and cannot complete the retraction action, the internal limit structure can be unlocked by means of the magnetic attraction structure, disconnecting the active rotation power of the grinding wheel column. Even if the grinding wheel column is still in contact with the workpiece, grinding friction will no longer be generated, thus curbing the continuous generation of heat from the source. This effectively reduces problems such as high temperature burns, surface oxidation, and cracking of graphite crucibles, and significantly improves the yield of graphite crucible polishing.

[0020] 3. The horizontal position of the grinding mechanism is adjusted by an electric push rod, and the height of the fixed plate can be adjusted by a drive frame. The processing position and height of the grinding wheel can be flexibly adjusted. It can be adapted to graphite crucibles with different outer diameters and heights for surface grinding operations. There is no need to frequently change processing tooling. The equipment has strong versatility and effectively reduces production and debugging costs.

[0021] 3. By relying on the controller to link and control the temperature detection component, electric push rod and magnetic suction component, it can automatically complete a series of operation processes such as temperature monitoring, over-temperature tool retraction and fault transmission protection. The entire process does not require staff to monitor the processing status in real time, nor does it require manual emergency protection operations. The intelligent operation mode is simple and efficient, effectively reducing the workload of on-site operators.

[0022] 4. The protective structure and the grinding wheel column disassembly and assembly structure are integrated into one design. After the internal rigid transmission structure is unlocked, the simple anti-disengagement limit is completed by the snap-fit ​​component. The operator can complete the disassembly operation by directly pulling the grinding wheel column without the need for professional tools. This greatly reduces the downtime consumed by grinding wheel cleaning and replacement and effectively improves the efficiency of continuous grinding operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive frame structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the fixing plate structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating component structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic limiting seat structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the active rotation power structure of the grinding wheel column of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 for Figure 5 Enlarged view at point B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0032] In the diagram: 1. Worktable; 2. Rotating clamping component; 21. First motor; 22. Three-jaw chuck; 3. Drive frame; 31. Fixed frame; 32. Cylinder; 33. Guide plate; 4. Fixed plate; 5. Electric push rod; 6. Rotating component; 61. Moving block; 62. Second motor; 63. Connecting frame; 64. Moving plate; 65. Shaft; 7. Detection component; 71. L-shaped rod; 72. Temperature sensor; 8. Support rod; 9. Magnetic component; 91. Electromagnet; 92. Battery; 10. Elastic limit seat; 101. First cylinder; 102. Magnetic ring; 103. First limiting plate; 104. First spring; 105. Cross rod; 106. Rotating plate; 107. Rotating ring; 20. Positioning seat; 201. Second cylinder; 202. Second limiting plate; 203. Guide groove; 204. Limiting groove; 30. Fixing rod; 40. Cylinder; 50. Grinding wheel column; 60. Elastic clamp; 601. Insert rod; 602. Annular clamping plate; 603. Second spring; 604. Roller; 70. Clamping piece; 701. Arc block; 702. Third spring. Detailed Implementation

[0033] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] To address the technical problem of generating a large amount of fine and highly adhesive graphite dust during grinding with a grinding wheel 50, the grinding process between the grinding wheel 50 and the graphite crucible has changed from a cutting and grinding state to a simple sliding friction state. This severely damages the surface integrity and microstructure of the graphite crucible, and at the same time, localized high temperatures cause uneven thermal stress, significantly shortening the service life of the graphite crucible. Figures 1-9 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:

[0035] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, a graphite crucible surface polishing device includes a worktable 1 and a rotating clamping member 2 mounted on the surface of the worktable 1. The rotating clamping member 2 enables rapid centering and clamping of the graphite crucible, and simultaneously drives the graphite crucible to rotate at a uniform speed, ensuring that the outer peripheral wall of the crucible can be uniformly ground, guaranteeing no dead corners in the grinding process and improving the overall polishing uniformity. A drive frame 3 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the worktable 1, and a fixed plate 4 is provided on one side of the drive frame 3. The drive frame 3 can adjust the height of the fixed plate 4. An electric push rod 5 is fixedly mounted on one end of the fixed plate 4, and a rotating member 6 is slidably connected inside the fixed plate 4. The output end of the electric push rod 5 is fixedly connected to the rotating member 6. Relying on the electric push rod 5 as a horizontal feed power source, the rotating member 6 can be flexibly pushed to slide smoothly inside the fixed plate 4. The rotating part 6 is now horizontally adjustable, which can quickly adapt to graphite crucibles of different outer diameters to complete the fitting and grinding. The equipment has a wider range of applications. A detection element 7 is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed plate 4. The detection element 7 is set next to the grinding area to collect the working temperature of the contact position between the grinding wheel column 50 and the graphite crucible in real time. It can realize all-weather automatic monitoring of high temperature conditions and can capture abnormal high temperature signals caused by grinding wheel column 50 blockage and dry friction in the first time. It provides accurate data basis for subsequent automatic protection actions, so as to achieve early warning and timely protection. The grinding safety temperature range can be preset. When the grinding safety temperature range is exceeded, it is judged as abnormal high temperature due to grinding wheel blockage and dry friction. The protection action is triggered only when the temperature is continuously higher than the grinding safety temperature range within 10 seconds, thus distinguishing between normal grinding temperature rise and abnormal temperature rise due to blockage.

[0036] A support rod 8 is fixedly installed at one end of the rotating component 6. A magnetic suction component 9 is installed inside the support rod 8. The electric push rod 5, the detection component 7, and the magnetic suction component 9 are electrically connected through a controller. The controller is existing technology and is not shown in the figure. The controller realizes the linkage and coordinated control of the electric push rod 5, the detection component 7, and the magnetic suction component 9, directly converting the temperature detection signal into mechanical protection action. The entire process is automated, completing a series of protection processes such as over-temperature tool retraction and fault transmission interruption without manual operation. The degree of automation is high, reducing the intensity of manual operation. At the same time, the protection action has strong synchronization and rigorous logic, making it less prone to errors. An elastic limit seat 10 is also set inside the support rod 8. One end of the elastic limit seat 10 is rotatably connected to the positioning seat 20. The elastic limit seat 10 relies on its own... The elastic seat has an automatic reset capability, a simple and durable structure, and can normally achieve axial clamping and limiting. The elastic limit seat 10 and the positioning seat 20 are rotatably connected, which can simultaneously complete the lifting and lowering linkage action without hindering the overall rotational transmission. It can simultaneously achieve dual constraints of axial limiting and bottom positioning, and the locking stability is stronger. One end of the support rod 8 is rotatably connected to the fixed rod 30, and the elastic limit seat 10 and the fixed rod 30 are slidably connected. The rotational assembly of the support rod 8 and the fixed rod 30 is smooth and can stably transmit the grinding rotational power. The sliding cooperation between the elastic limit seat 10 and the fixed rod 30 allows the elastic limit seat 10 to move smoothly up and down along the axis of the fixed rod 30. The lifting and adjusting is smooth and can easily switch between the two working states of limit locking and limit release.

[0037] A cylinder 40 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the fixed rod 30. One end of the positioning seat 20 is slidably connected to the bottom of the cylinder 40. A grinding wheel column 50 is fixedly installed at one end of the cylinder 40. After the active rotation power of the grinding wheel column 50 is disconnected, the grinding wheel changes from forced cutting grinding to free following state. The cutting force disappears, the friction work decreases significantly, and the temperature drops rapidly, avoiding crucible burn. With subsequent tool retraction, safety protection is achieved. The grinding wheel column 50, as the direct grinding execution component, can efficiently remove burrs and uneven defects from the crucible surface in conjunction with the rotating graphite crucible, completing the surface fine grinding and finishing process with good forming effect. Two sets of elastic retainers 60 are set on both sides inside the fixed rod 30. One end of the elastic retainer 60 is in contact with the surface of the positioning seat 20, and the other end of the elastic retainer 60 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 40. The two sets of symmetrically arranged elastic retainers 60 can pop out and lock into the inner wall of the cylinder 40 at the same time, achieving radial locking and fixation from the inside. Multi-point limiting and uniform force distribution Under normal conditions, the connection strength between the fixed rod 30 and the cylinder 40 is further strengthened to ensure stable transmission of rotational power. At the same time, the jacking control is achieved by relying on the positioning seat 20, and the limit unlocking action is synchronized and unified. The fixed rod 30 is also provided with a snap-fit ​​70 on both sides, and the snap-fit ​​70 is slidably snap-fitted with the cylinder 40. The snap-fit ​​70 can realize simple sliding snap-fit ​​positioning between the fixed rod 30 and the cylinder 40. After the elastic snap-fit ​​seat 60 and the positioning seat 20 are completely released from the limit, the snap-fit ​​70 alone can achieve the anti-drop limit. This can not only meet the protection requirements of the grinding wheel column 50 to stop grinding when it rotates freely, but also realize the quick insertion, removal and replacement of the grinding wheel column 50, simplify the daily maintenance process of the equipment, and improve the efficiency of inspection and replacement. The controller judges the fault through three conditions: displacement feedback of electric push rod 5, current monitoring, and failure to retract the tool after timeout. If the electric push rod 5 does not produce displacement within milliseconds after the temperature exceeds the threshold, it is judged as jamming failure and the magnetic attraction transmission interruption protection is automatically triggered.

[0038] First, the graphite crucible is clamped and positioned using the rotating clamping member 2 installed on the worktable 1. The rotating clamping member 2 can drive the clamped graphite crucible to rotate, allowing different positions on the outer periphery of the graphite crucible to be ground sequentially. The electric push rod 5 can extend and retract to drive the rotating member 6 to slide and adjust its position inside the fixed plate 4, thereby driving the rear grinding structure to move, so that the grinding wheel column 50 can be close to the outer surface of graphite crucibles of different sizes to achieve feed alignment. In the initial normal working state, the elastic limit seat 10 is limited and locked between the support rod 8 and the fixed rod 30, one end of the elastic seat 60 is inserted and limited inside the cylinder 40, the locking member 70 is simultaneously locked inside the cylinder 40, and the positioning seat 20 is limited and locked at the bottom of the cylinder 40. At this time, when the rotating member 6 drives the support rod 8 to rotate, it can sequentially drive the fixed rod 30 to rotate. The fixed rod 30, cylinder 40, and grinding wheel column 50 rotate synchronously and rigidly. The high-speed rotating grinding wheel column 50 continuously grinds and polishes the outer surface of the graphite crucible in its self-rotating state. During the long-term grinding process, the graphite dust produced is fine and sticky, which easily clogs the gap between the abrasive grains of the grinding wheel column 50, causing the grinding wheel to become clogged, dull, and the cutting force to decrease. Normal cutting is transformed into dry friction and high temperature is rapidly accumulated. When the detection element 7 on one side of the fixed plate 4 detects an abnormally high temperature in the contact area between the grinding wheel column 50 and the graphite crucible, since the electric push rod 5, the detection element 7, and the magnetic attraction element 9 are all electrically connected to the controller, the controller immediately controls the electric push rod 5 to drive the rotating element 6 to move, so that the grinding wheel column 50 is quickly separated from the surface of the graphite crucible, and the friction heat source is cut off in time to prevent the graphite crucible from being burned and damaged by high temperature, forming a first-level safety protection.

[0039] If the electric push rod 5 becomes worn, stuck, or malfunctions after long-term use and cannot properly drive the grinding wheel column 50 to retract and separate, the detection component 7 will continuously detect that the grinding area maintains an abnormally high temperature. At this time, the controller controls the magnetic suction component 9 inside the support rod 8 to move. The magnetic suction component 9 drives the elastic limit seat 10 to slide upward. The elastic limit seat 10 simultaneously pulls the positioning seat 20 upward, separating the elastic limit seat 10 from the end of the fixed rod 30, releasing the axial limiting constraint on the fixed rod 30. At the same time, the positioning seat 20 separates from the bottom of the cylinder 40, releasing the bottom positioning limitation of the cylinder 40. During the upward movement of the elastic limit seat 10, the elastic locking seat 60 retracts and slides inward to the inner side of the elastic limit seat 10, completely disengaging the elastic locking seat 60 from the inner wall of the cylinder 40. At this time, only the locking component 70 remains in sliding engagement with the cylinder 40. The original rigid transmission connection between the support rod 8 and the fixed rod 30 is completely released. The fixed rod 30, the cylinder 40, and the grinding wheel column 50 are all released. When the grinding wheel column 50 is switched to a freely rotatable state, even though it is still physically attached to the surface of the graphite crucible, it no longer actively rotates with the support rod 8 to perform grinding operations. The relative friction is greatly eliminated, preventing heat from being generated from the power source and reducing defects such as high-temperature oxidation, surface burning, and cracking of the graphite crucible. At the same time, after the rigid transmission is released, only the locking part 70 maintains a simple locking limit on the cylinder 40. The operator only needs to pull the grinding wheel column 50 outward to overcome the locking effect of the locking part 70 and quickly complete the overall disassembly of the grinding wheel column 50 and the cylinder 40. This facilitates the replacement and cleaning of clogged or worn grinding wheel columns 50. When replacing and installing a new grinding wheel column 50, the cylinder 40 is aligned with the fixing rod 30 and fitted. The locking part 70 first achieves a preliminary sliding locking, and then the controller controls the magnetic suction part 9 to reset, pushing the elastic limit seat 10 downward to reset, so that the elastic locking seat 60 is reinserted into the cylinder 40 to achieve limit fixation. Afterward, the power supply to the magnetic suction part 9 is turned off.

[0040] The elastic limit seat 10 can maintain a stable and rigid connection of the overall transmission structure by relying on its own elastic force. The magnetic suction component 9 only works for a moment when switching states and does not require long-term power consumption. Therefore, the temperature of the grinding zone is monitored in real time by the detection component 7. Under normal working conditions, the rotating component 6 is driven to slide by the electric push rod 5 to realize the rapid retraction and separation of the grinding wheel column 50 and cut off the friction heat generation path in time. When the electric push rod 5 is worn and stuck or fails to move, the elastic limit seat 10 and the positioning seat 20 can be driven to move in linkage by the magnetic suction component 9 to release the limiting fit between the elastic seat 60 and the cylinder 40 and disconnect the branch rod 8. The rigid transmission with the fixed rod 30 allows the grinding wheel column 50 to idle and then stop actively grinding, forming a double safety protection. This effectively solves the problems of graphite dust clogging the abrasive gap of the grinding wheel column 50, and the high-temperature burn and oxidation cracking of the crucible caused by the frictional heat generated by the clogging and passivation. It significantly improves the yield of graphite crucible processing. After the magnetic suction part 9 drives the elastic limit seat 10 to unlock and limit, only the snap-fit ​​part 70 is retained for simple snap-fit. The grinding wheel column 50 can be pulled directly to complete the quick disassembly and replacement without removing bolts or special tools. Maintenance is convenient, downtime is short, and the efficiency of continuous grinding operation is effectively improved.

[0041] like Figure 3 As shown, the rotating clamping component 2 includes a first motor 21 and a three-jaw chuck 22 fixedly installed at the output end of the first motor 21. The first motor 21 is fixedly connected inside the worktable 1, and the three-jaw chuck 22 is rotatably connected to the worktable 1. First, the graphite crucible to be processed is placed at the center position of the three-jaw chuck 22. The graphite crucible is synchronously and centrally clamped from the outside using the clamping structure of the three-jaw chuck 22, so as to achieve a firm fixation of the workpiece without deviation. After the clamping and positioning are completed, the first motor 21 is started. The output end of the first motor 21 outputs rotational torque, which directly drives the three-jaw chuck 22 to rotate at a uniform speed and smoothly, thereby driving the clamped graphite crucible to synchronously rotate around its circumference.

[0042] When the grinding wheel column 50 polishes the outer wall of the graphite crucible, the continuous rotation of the graphite crucible itself allows the entire outer circular side wall of the crucible to pass through the grinding position of the grinding wheel column 50 in sequence, completing the full-area polishing process without dead angles. At the same time, the worktable 1 provides rotational support for the three-jaw chuck 22, ensuring high concentricity and smooth operation of the three-jaw chuck 22 during rotation, without shaking, eccentric swaying, or other issues. This, together with the polishing mechanism, stably completes the overall polishing process.

[0043] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the drive frame 3 includes a fixed frame 31 and a cylinder 32 fixed to one side of the fixed frame 31. The fixed frame 31 is fixedly connected to the worktable 1. Two guide plates 33 are fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame 31, and the fixed plate 4 is slidably connected to the two guide plates 33. Through the extension and retraction of the cylinder 32, the fixed plate 4 is directly pushed and pulled to slide smoothly back and forth along the length direction of the two sets of guide plates 33. This drives the electric push rod 5, the rotating part 6 and the entire set of grinding wheel assembly mounted on the fixed plate 4 to synchronously complete the overall position adjustment. The electric push rod 5 completes the precise feed fine adjustment and together completes the grinding station alignment, workpiece avoidance and processing distance adjustment. The guide plate 33 constrains and limits the sliding trajectory of the fixed plate 4 throughout the process to ensure that the sliding process does not deviate or tilt.

[0044] like Figure 5 As shown, the rotating component 6 includes a movable block 61 and a second motor 62 fixed to the top of the movable block 61. The output end of the electric push rod 5 is fixedly connected to the movable block 61. The movable plate 64 is slidably assembled inside the fixed plate 4, so that the movable block 61 can follow the extension and retraction of the electric push rod 5 and smoothly complete the linear sliding motion along the inside of the fixed plate 4, realizing the precise feeding and rapid retraction action of the grinding mechanism. A connecting frame 63 is fixedly installed on the surface of the second motor 62, and the connecting frame 63 is fixedly connected to the movable block 61. The connecting frame 63 is used to rigidly fix the second motor 62 and the movable block 61, avoiding positional displacement and vibration of the second motor 62 during operation. Movable plates 64 are fixedly installed on both sides of the movable block 61, and the movable plates 64 are fixedly mounted to the fixed plate 4. The plate 4 is internally slidably connected. The output end of the second motor 62 is fixedly mounted with a shaft 65, which is rotatably connected to the moving block 61. The support rod 8 is fixedly connected to the shaft 65. When the equipment is running, the second motor 62 is started. The output torque of the second motor 62 drives the shaft 65 to rotate at high speed. The shaft 65 synchronously drives the support rod 8 to rotate as a whole, thereby driving the entire set of limit transmission structure behind to rotate synchronously with the grinding wheel column 50. This provides stable grinding rotation power for the grinding operation of the graphite crucible surface. When it is necessary to adjust the grinding spacing and protect against overheating, the electric push rod 5 pushes the moving block 61 to cooperate with the moving plates 64 on both sides to slide smoothly, completing the fine adjustment and quick disengagement of the grinding wheel column 50. The entire process does not affect the normal operation of the second motor 62.

[0045] like Figure 3 As shown, the detection component 7 includes an L-shaped rod 71 and a temperature sensor 72 fixed to one end of the L-shaped rod 71. The L-shaped rod 71 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 4. The temperature sensor 72 is fixed on the fixing plate 4 by the L-shaped rod 71, which is firmly installed and not easy to loosen. Relying on the L-shaped bending structure, the temperature sensor 72 can be accurately extended to the side of the grinding contact area between the grinding wheel column 50 and the graphite crucible. The temperature measurement point is close to the actual heating position, and the collected data is true and reliable.

[0046] To address the technical problem that when the electric actuator 5 malfunctions and cannot complete the retraction action, the grinding wheel column 50 remains in a grinding state with the graphite crucible, which still damages the surface integrity and microstructure of the graphite crucible and significantly shortens its service life, such as... Figures 6-9 As shown, the following preferred technical solutions are provided:

[0047] like Figure 6 As shown, the magnetic component 9 includes an electromagnet 91 and a battery 92 fixed inside the support rod 8. The electromagnet 91 is fixedly connected to the support rod 8, and the battery 92 is electrically connected to the electromagnet 91 through a wire. The battery 92 adopts a built-in independent power supply structure, eliminating the need for external power lines and avoiding problems such as wire tangling, pulling and wear, and wire jamming during equipment operation. This design is suitable for the high-speed rotation of the support rod 8 and prevents power outages due to damage to external wiring during rotation. Under normal grinding conditions, the electromagnet 91 is in a de-energized, non-magnetic state. At this time, the elastic limit seat 10 maintains a downward pressing state due to its own elastic force, thus limiting the fixed rod 30, the positioning seat 20, and the elastic clamping seat 60. With the position locked, the support rod 8 and the grinding wheel column 50 maintain rigid transmission, ensuring stable grinding operations. When the temperature sensor 72 detects a continuous abnormal high temperature in the grinding area, and the electric push rod 5 malfunctions and cannot complete the tool retraction and separation action, the controller issues a power-on command. The built-in battery 92 supplies power to the electromagnet 91. After being powered on, the electromagnet 91 quickly generates an electromagnetic attraction force, using magnetic force to pull the elastic limit seat 10 upward, causing the elastic limit seat 10 to overcome its own elasticity and slide upward. Simultaneously, it drives the positioning seat 20 to move upward together, sequentially releasing the axial limit, bottom positioning, and locking limit of the elastic seat 60, disconnecting the rigid transmission connection at the end of the grinding wheel column 50, and achieving fault fallback protection.

[0048] When the fault is cleared and the equipment is back to normal use, the controller cuts off the power supply to the electromagnet 91. The magnetic force of the electromagnet 91 disappears instantly, and the elastic limit seat 10 automatically resets downward under its own elasticity, thus completing the overall structural locking. The entire power supply and magnetic attraction action only start and stop during the emergency protection moment. The power supply is independently provided by the built-in battery 92, without the need for external wiring for power supply.

[0049] like Figures 6-8As shown, the elastic limiting seat 10 includes a first cylinder 101 and a magnetic ring 102 fixed to one end of the first cylinder 101. The magnetic ring 102 can quickly form a magnetic attraction with the electromagnet 91, and can complete the upward lifting action instantly when energized. The emergency transmission interruption response speed is fast, and it can realize secondary safety protection in time, effectively avoiding the risk of high temperature burns to the crucible. The first cylinder 101 is slidably connected to the support rod 8. Four first limiting plates 103 are fixedly installed on the surface of the first cylinder 101, and the four first limiting plates 103 are respectively connected to the support rod 8 and the fixed rod 91. The fixed rod 30 is slidably connected. A first spring 104 is fixedly installed at one end of the first cylinder 101, and one end of the first spring 104 is fixedly connected to the inside of the support rod 8. A cross rod 105 is slidably connected inside one end of the first cylinder 101, and the cross rod 105 is fixedly connected to the inside of the support rod 8. A rotating plate 106 is fixedly installed at the other end of the first cylinder 101, and the rotating plate 106 is rotatably connected to the positioning seat 20. A rotating ring 107 is also fixedly installed at the other end of the first cylinder 101, and the rotating ring 107 is rotatably connected to the fixed rod 30.

[0050] Under normal conditions, the first cylinder 101 is pushed downwards by the elastic force of the first spring 104, keeping it in a downward and locked state. The cross rod 105 is fixed inside the support rod 8 and passes through the first cylinder 101, further restricting the rotation of the first cylinder 101 and limiting the maximum sliding stroke to prevent it from coming out. During normal grinding, the electromagnet 91 is de-energized and has no attraction. The first spring 104 pushes the first cylinder 101 downwards, pushing the elastic retainer 60 into the cylinder 40. This, together with the rotating ring 107, achieves axial limiting, allowing the support rod 8, the fixed rod 30, and the grinding wheel column 50 to form a stable and rigid transmission, stably completing the rotary grinding operation. When abnormal high temperature occurs and the electric push rod 5 fails, the controller controls the electromagnet 91 to be energized to generate magnetism. The force attracts the magnetic ring 102 upwards, causing the first cylinder 101 to slide upwards against the elastic force of the first spring 104. During the upward movement, the rotating plate 106 and the positioning seat 20 are moved upwards together, releasing the pushing force on the elastic seat 60. The elastic seat 60 retracts and separates from the inner wall of the cylinder 40. At the same time, the axial limiting constraint is removed, and the rigid transmission between the support rod 8 and the fixed rod 30 is disconnected. The grinding wheel column 50 loses its active rotation power and stops forced friction and heat generation. The elastic force of the first spring 104 is greater than the elastic force of the elastic seat 60, which can stably press the elastic seat 60 to maintain the external spring-locked state. It is locked firmly and does not loosen. During the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel column 50, there will be no circumferential slippage or transmission gap wobbling. The power transmission is smooth and reliable.

[0051] like Figures 7-9As shown, the positioning seat 20 includes a second cylinder 201 and four second limiting plates 202 fixed to the surface of the second cylinder 201. The second cylinder 201 is slidably connected to the inside of the fixing rod 30. The four second limiting plates 202 are slidably connected to the bottom of the cylinder 40. Two sets of guide grooves 203 are opened on both sides of the second cylinder 201, and two sets of limiting grooves 204 are also opened on both sides of the second cylinder 201. The limiting grooves 204 are connected to the guide grooves 203. One end of the elastic seat 60 is in contact with the inner wall of the limiting groove 204. Under normal grinding and locking conditions, the first cylinder 101 is pressed down by the elastic force of the first spring 104, which drives the second cylinder 201 to move down as a whole. The second limiting plates 202 are pressed tightly against the bottom end of the cylinder 40, axially limiting the cylinder 40. At the same time, the second cylinder 201 compresses the elastic retainer 60, causing it to slide outward along the guide groove 203 and finally engage with the limiting groove 204 to achieve positioning and locking. The outer end of the elastic retainer 60 extends and clamps the inner wall of the cylinder 40, so that the fixing rod 30 and the cylinder 40 are firmly locked together, synchronously transmitting rotational power to ensure that the grinding wheel column 50 rotates stably for grinding. When the electromagnet 91 is energized and attracts the magnetic ring 102, driving the first cylinder 101 to move upward, the second cylinder 201 moves upward synchronously. The second limiting plate 202 disengages from the limiting position on the bottom of the cylinder 40. At this time, the elastic retainer 60 moves into the guide groove 203 along the limiting groove 204, releasing the radial locking constraint on the cylinder 40. The rigid transmission relationship between the fixing rod 30 and the cylinder 40 is lost, and the grinding wheel column 50 stops actively rotating for grinding.

[0052] like Figure 9 As shown, the elastic card holder 60 includes an insertion rod 601 and an annular card plate 602 fixed to the surface of the insertion rod 601. The insertion rod 601 is slidably connected to the fixed rod 30 and the cylinder 40, respectively. The annular card plate 602 is slidably connected to the fixed rod 30. A second spring 603 is fixedly installed on one side of the annular card plate 602, and one end of the second spring 603 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 30. A roller 604 is installed on one end of the insertion rod 601. Through the rolling contact between the roller 604 and the limiting groove 204, the sliding friction is changed to rolling friction, which greatly reduces the friction during the squeezing and pushing process. The lifting and pushing process is smooth and easy, and it is not easy to get stuck. The dead phenomenon improves the smoothness of the mechanism's operation. When the roller 604 contacts the inner wall of the limiting groove 204, and the equipment triggers the secondary protection, the limiting groove 204 no longer applies an outward pushing force to the roller 604. The insertion rod 601 loses the external clamping force. At this time, the second spring 603 uses its own elasticity to make the annular plate 602 drive the insertion rod 601 to retract quickly inward. The insertion rod 601 exits the groove on the inner wall of the cylinder 40, releases the radial lock, and the rigid transmission between the fixed rod 30 and the cylinder 40 is disconnected. The grinding wheel column 50 no longer actively rotates with the shaft 65, but can only rotate freely, stopping the forced friction heat generation.

[0053] The locking component 70 includes an arc-shaped block 701 and a third spring 702 fixed to one end of the arc-shaped block 701. The arc-shaped block 701 is slidably connected to the fixed rod 30 and the cylinder 40 respectively. The third spring 702 is fixedly connected to the fixed rod 30. When the equipment triggers the secondary high-temperature protection, after the insertion rod 601 is fully retracted and released from locking, the arc-shaped blocks 701 on both sides and the cylinder 40 are in a sliding locking state. In this state, the arc-shaped blocks 701 only play an axial limiting role to prevent the cylinder 40 from falling off. When the support rod 8 rotates, it cannot drive the grinding wheel column 50 to rotate synchronously. The grinding wheel column 50 is in a free rotation state and stops active grinding friction. When it is necessary to disassemble and replace the grinding wheel column 50, the cylinder 40 and the grinding wheel column 50 are pulled outward directly. The inner wall of the cylinder 40 presses the arc-shaped end face of the arc-shaped block 701, forcing the arc-shaped block 701 to compress the third spring 702 and retract inward, successfully breaking away from the locking restriction. The grinding wheel column 50 can then be quickly pulled out as a whole to complete the disassembly.

[0054] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0055] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A graphite crucible surface polishing device, comprising a worktable (1) and a rotating clamping member (2) mounted on the surface of the worktable (1), characterized in that: A drive frame (3) is fixedly installed on the surface of the workbench (1). A fixed plate (4) is provided on one side of the drive frame (3). An electric push rod (5) is fixedly installed on one end of the fixed plate (4). A rotating part (6) is slidably connected inside the fixed plate (4). The output end of the electric push rod (5) is fixedly connected to the rotating part (6). A detection part (7) is fixedly installed on one side of the fixed plate (4). A support rod (8) is fixedly installed on one end of the rotating part (6). A magnetic suction part (9) is installed inside the support rod (8). The electric push rod (5), the detection part (7), and the magnetic suction part (9) are electrically connected through a controller. An elastic limit seat (10) is also provided inside the support rod (8). A fixed end of the elastic limit seat (10) is rotatably connected to a fixed... The base (20) has a fixed rod (30) rotatably connected to one end of the support rod (8), and the elastic limit seat (10) is slidably connected to the fixed rod (30). The outer wall of the fixed rod (30) is slidably connected to a cylinder (40). One end of the positioning seat (20) is slidably connected to the bottom of the cylinder (40). One end of the cylinder (40) is fixedly installed with a grinding wheel column (50). Two sets of elastic card seats (60) are provided on both sides inside the fixed rod (30). One end of the elastic card seat (60) is in contact with the surface of the positioning seat (20), and the other end of the elastic card seat (60) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (40). The fixed rod (30) is also provided with a snap-fit ​​piece (70) on both sides, and the snap-fit ​​piece (70) is slidably snap-fitted to the cylinder (40).

2. The graphite crucible surface polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating clamping member (2) includes a first motor (21) and a three-jaw chuck (22) fixedly installed at the output end of the first motor (21). The first motor (21) is fixedly connected inside the worktable (1), and the three-jaw chuck (22) is rotatably connected to the worktable (1).

3. The graphite crucible surface polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive frame (3) includes a fixed frame (31) and a cylinder (32) fixed on one side of the fixed frame (31). The fixed frame (31) is fixedly connected to the worktable (1). Two guide plates (33) are fixedly connected on one side of the fixed frame (31), and the fixed plate (4) is slidably connected to the two guide plates (33).

4. The graphite crucible surface polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating component (6) includes a moving block (61) and a second motor (62) fixed on the top of the moving block (61). The output end of the electric push rod (5) is fixedly connected to the moving block (61). A connecting frame (63) is fixedly installed on the surface of the second motor (62), and the connecting frame (63) is fixedly connected to the moving block (61). Moving plates (64) are fixedly installed on both sides of the moving block (61), and the moving plates (64) are slidably connected to the fixed plate (4). A shaft (65) is fixedly installed on the output end of the second motor (62), and the shaft (65) is rotatably connected to the moving block (61). The support rod (8) is fixedly connected to the shaft (65).

5. The graphite crucible surface polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection component (7) includes an L-shaped rod (71) and a temperature sensor (72) fixed to one end of the L-shaped rod (71). The L-shaped rod (71) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (4).

6. The graphite crucible surface polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic attractor (9) includes an electromagnet (91) and a battery (92) fixed inside the support rod (8). The electromagnet (91) is fixedly connected to the support rod (8), and the battery (92) is electrically connected to the electromagnet (91) through a wire.

7. The graphite crucible surface polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic limiting seat (10) includes a first cylinder (101) and a magnetic ring (102) fixed to one end of the first cylinder (101). The first cylinder (101) is slidably connected to the support rod (8). Four first limiting plates (103) are fixedly installed on the surface of the first cylinder (101), and the four first limiting plates (103) are slidably connected to the support rod (8) and the fixing rod (30) respectively. A first spring (104) is also fixedly installed at one end of the first cylinder (101), and the first spring ( 104) One end is fixedly connected to the inside of the support rod (8), and a cross rod (105) is slidably connected to one end of the first cylinder (101), and the cross rod (105) is fixedly connected to the inside of the support rod (8). A rotating plate (106) is fixedly installed at the other end of the first cylinder (101), and the rotating plate (106) is rotatably connected to the positioning seat (20). A rotating ring (107) is also fixedly installed at the other end of the first cylinder (101), and the rotating ring (107) is rotatably connected to the fixed rod (30).

8. The graphite crucible surface polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning seat (20) includes a second cylinder (201) and four second limiting plates (202) fixed on the surface of the second cylinder (201). The second cylinder (201) is slidably connected to the inside of the fixing rod (30). The four second limiting plates (202) are slidably connected to the bottom of the cylinder (40) respectively. Two sets of guide grooves (203) are opened on both sides of the second cylinder (201). Two sets of limiting grooves (204) are also opened on both sides of the second cylinder (201). The limiting grooves (204) are connected to the guide grooves (203). One end of the elastic card seat (60) is in contact with the inner wall of the limiting groove (204).

9. The graphite crucible surface polishing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic card holder (60) includes a plug rod (601) and an annular card plate (602) fixed on the surface of the plug rod (601). The plug rod (601) is slidably connected to the fixed rod (30) and the cylinder (40) respectively. The annular card plate (602) is slidably connected to the fixed rod (30). A second spring (603) is fixedly installed on one side of the annular card plate (602), and one end of the second spring (603) is fixedly connected to the fixed rod (30). A roller (604) is installed on one end of the plug rod (601), and the roller (604) is in contact with the inner wall of the limiting groove (204).

10. The graphite crucible surface polishing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The snap-fit ​​component (70) includes an arc-shaped block (701) and a third spring (702) fixed to one end of the arc-shaped block (701). The arc-shaped block (701) is slidably connected to the fixed rod (30) and the cylinder (40) respectively, and the third spring (702) is fixedly connected to the fixed rod (30).

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