An AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls

Abstract

This invention discloses an AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls, mainly relating to the field of wear-resistant steel ball transfer. It includes an AGV trolley capable of moving between a tempering trolley and a storage area. The tempering trolley has multiple metal frames, and multiple rollers are rotatably connected to its top. A traction assembly is located on the top of the tempering trolley, and a loading / unloading plate is rotatably connected to its top. One end of the loading / unloading plate has an end plate, and the other end has an adsorption assembly. A telescopic rod for driving the loading / unloading plate to rotate is located on the side of the AGV trolley. The top of the AGV trolley has a top plate and a lifting assembly for driving the top plate to slide vertically. Multiple rollers are rotatably connected to the top of the top plate, and the rollers roll in contact with the bottom of the metal frames. The advantages of this invention are: it solves the technical problems of low transfer efficiency and poor safety in existing wear-resistant steel ball transfers to the storage area, simplifies the operation steps, and improves the efficiency and safety of the transfer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of wear-resistant steel ball production equipment, specifically an AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls. Background Technology

[0002] Wear-resistant steel balls are widely used as grinding media in ball mills in industries such as mining, cement, and power. During the production process, after heat treatment processes such as quenching and tempering, the steel balls need to be transferred from the tempering production line to a storage area for centralized storage. Currently, after production, the steel balls are usually placed in metal frames. These frames are then transported to a designated location by a tempering trolley after heat treatment. Finally, hoisting equipment is used to lift the metal frames containing the wear-resistant steel balls and transfer them to the storage area for unloading and storage.

[0003] This existing transfer method has the following prominent problems: First, manual binding and hooking operations are required during hoisting and transfer, which is cumbersome, labor-intensive, and inefficient. Second, the metal frame is suspended in the air during hoisting; if the binding is not secure or the lifting equipment malfunctions, the metal frame may tilt, causing the steel balls to fall and posing a safety hazard of injuring operators. Third, when the metal frame is hoisted above the storage area, manual assistance is required to unload the steel balls from the metal frame, and this manual unloading operation also carries the risk of being injured by falling steel balls. Furthermore, the entire transfer process requires the full participation of hoisting equipment, consuming equipment resources, resulting in low automation and impacting the overall operating efficiency of the wear-resistant steel ball production line.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a conveying device that can automatically transfer and unload wear-resistant steel balls from the tempering trolley to the storage area, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls, which can solve the technical problems of low transfer efficiency and poor safety when transferring wear-resistant steel balls to the storage area. The AGV trolley automatically transfers the metal frame containing the wear-resistant steel balls from the tempering trolley to the storage area to complete the automatic unloading, which simplifies the operation steps and improves the transfer efficiency and safety.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: An AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls includes an AGV trolley capable of moving between a tempering trolley and a storage area. The tempering trolley has multiple metal frames for carrying the wear-resistant steel balls. Multiple rollers are rotatably connected to the top of the tempering trolley, and these rollers roll in contact with the bottom of the metal frames. A traction assembly for transferring the metal frames onto the AGV trolley is located on the top of the AGV trolley. A loading / unloading plate is rotatably connected to the top of the AGV trolley. One end of the loading / unloading plate has an end plate for use with the metal frames, and the other end has an adsorption assembly for use with the metal frames. A telescopic rod for driving the loading / unloading plate to rotate is located on the side of the AGV trolley. The top of the AGV trolley has a top plate and a drive mechanism for the top plate to rotate. The vertically sliding lifting assembly has multiple rollers rotatably connected to the top of the top plate, which roll in contact with the bottom of the metal frame. The loading and unloading plate has through holes that allow the top plate to pass through. The side wall of the storage area has multiple loading and unloading ports for use with AGV trolleys. Limiting frames are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the loading and unloading ports. Stop bars are symmetrically slidably connected vertically on both sides of the AGV trolley. A return spring is provided between the stop bar and the AGV trolley. The limiting frame has a limiting groove for use with the stop bar. The front end of the limiting groove has a downwardly inclined guide groove, and the rear end of the limiting groove has a vertical locking groove. The stop bar passes through the guide groove and enters the limiting groove, and finally enters the vertical locking groove under the action of the return spring.

[0007] Furthermore, the traction assembly includes traction slots symmetrically arranged on the top of the refractory trolley, with a driving sprocket and a driven sprocket rotatably connected in the traction slots, and a traction chain wound between the driving sprocket and the driven sprocket, with multiple traction blocks on the traction chain that contact the side of the metal frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the metal frame includes a bottom frame and a top frame. The bottom frame is provided with multiple horizontal bars, and multiple vertical bars are provided between the bottom frame and the top frame. The bottom of the vertical bars is inclined inward, and the adsorption component is used in conjunction with the bottom frame.

[0009] Furthermore, the adsorption component is an electromagnet, which is magnetically adsorbed to the bottom frame.

[0010] Furthermore, the AGV has symmetrically provided grooves on its side, the stop bar is slidably connected in the grooves along the vertical direction, and the return spring is located between the bottom of the stop bar and the bottom of the groove.

[0011] Furthermore, a guide post is provided in the groove, the guide post passes through the stop rod and is slidably connected to it, and the reset spring is sleeved on the outside of the guide post.

[0012] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the groove and the stop are both T-shaped and designed for use together.

[0013] Furthermore, the AGV has a hidden groove on its top, the top plate is slidably connected to the hidden groove in a vertical direction, and the lifting assembly is located at the bottom of the hidden groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the lifting assembly is a scissor lift.

[0015] Furthermore, the bottom of the slot is provided with an electric push rod for use with the stop bar.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. This invention utilizes an AGV (Automated Guided Vehicle) trolley to automatically move between a tempering trolley and a storage area. A traction component transfers a metal frame containing wear-resistant steel balls from the tempering trolley to the AGV trolley, which then automatically transports it to the storage area. Automatic unloading is achieved by tilting the loading / unloading plate via a telescopic rod. The entire transfer and unloading process eliminates the need for manual binding, hoisting, and assisted tipping, significantly simplifying operations, increasing automation, and improving transfer efficiency. It also avoids the risk of injury from falling steel balls during manual hoisting and unloading, ensuring the safety of the transfer operation.

[0017] 2. This invention uses a lifting assembly to drive a top plate to rise and fall above the loading / unloading plate, enabling the metal frame to move on the rollers and smoothly transfer to the AGV trolley. Subsequently, the top plate descends, causing the metal frame to land on the loading / unloading plate. The end plate and adsorption assembly then secure the metal frame, ensuring smooth transfer and preventing it from swaying relative to the AGV trolley during transport, thus improving stability. During unloading, the AGV trolley automatically engages with the slots on the limit frame via a stop bar, firmly fixing it at the loading / unloading port and preventing lateral movement or tipping during unloading, ensuring stability and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a front view of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the AA direction.

[0021] Figure 4 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 2 A cross-sectional view along the BB direction.

[0022] Figure 5 This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 4 A cross-sectional view along the CC direction.

[0023] Figure 6This is an appendix to the present invention. Figure 4 A magnified view of part D in the middle.

[0024] The labels shown in the attached diagram: 1. Tempering trolley; 2. Storage area; 3. AGV trolley; 4. Metal frame; 5. Roller; 6. Loading / unloading plate; 7. End plate; 8. Telescopic rod; 9. Top plate; 10. Roller shaft; 11. Through hole; 12. Loading / unloading port; 13. Limiting frame; 14. Stop bar; 15. Return spring; 16. Limiting groove; 17. Guide groove; 18. Slot; 19. Traction groove; 20. Drive sprocket; 21. Driven sprocket; 22. Traction chain; 23. Traction block; 24. Base frame; 25. Top frame; 26. Horizontal bar; 27. Vertical bar; 28. Electromagnet; 29. ​​Slide groove; 30. Guide column; 31. Hidden groove; 32. Scissor lift frame; 33. Electric push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be understood that after reading the teachings of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined in this application.

[0026] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention describes an AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls. The main structure includes an AGV trolley 3 capable of moving between a tempering trolley 1 and a storage area 2. The AGV trolley 3 is an automated guided vehicle with autonomous navigation and movement capabilities, automatically traveling along a preset path between the tempering trolley 1 and the storage area 2. The tempering trolley 1 is equipped with multiple metal frames 4 for carrying the wear-resistant steel balls. Each metal frame 4 is an open-top frame-type container, containing the wear-resistant steel balls after tempering heat treatment. The storage area 2 is a centralized storage area for the wear-resistant steel balls. The bottom of the storage area 2 has a conical structure, wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, with the bottom of the cone sinking below the ground. When the wear-resistant steel balls enter the storage area 2, they roll smoothly down the inclined side of the cone under their own weight to the bottom, accumulating in a concentrated manner. The design of the cone bottom being below the ground makes the steel ball storage more stable, improving the stability and storage capacity of the wear-resistant steel balls.

[0027] Multiple rollers 5 are rotatably connected to the top of the tempering trolley 1 via bearing seats, and the rollers 5 are evenly arranged. A metal frame 4 is placed on top of the tempering trolley 1, with its bottom in rolling contact with the rollers 5. The rollers 5 provide rolling support for the metal frame 4, allowing it to roll smoothly along the rollers 5 on the top of the tempering trolley 1. A traction assembly is provided on the top of the tempering trolley 1 to transfer the metal frame 4 to the AGV trolley 3. After the wear-resistant steel balls have undergone heat preservation and tempering treatment on the tempering trolley 1, the AGV trolley 3 automatically moves to one side of the tempering trolley 1, aligning with its end. The traction assembly then activates, driving the metal frame 4 containing the wear-resistant steel balls to move along the rollers 5 towards the AGV trolley 3 until the metal frame 4 is completely transferred onto the AGV trolley 3. This completes the automatic loading of the metal frame 4 from the tempering trolley 1 to the AGV trolley 3, facilitating subsequent transfer operations.

[0028] The top of the AGV trolley 3 is rotatably connected to a loading / unloading plate 6, which can rotate and tilt upwards around its hinge axis on the side away from the tempering trolley 1. One end of the loading / unloading plate 6 (the end away from the tempering trolley 1) is fixed with an end plate 7 for use with a metal frame 4 by welding or bolting. The end plate 7 protrudes upwards to limit and block the end of the metal frame 4 when it is transferred onto the loading / unloading plate 6. The other end of the loading / unloading plate 6 (the end closer to the tempering trolley 1) is equipped with an adsorption assembly for use with the metal frame 4 to adsorb and fix the bottom of the metal frame 4 to the loading / unloading plate 6. A telescopic rod 8 is hinged to the side of the AGV trolley 3. The telescopic rod 8 is an electric push rod, and its movable end is hinged to the lower surface or side of the loading / unloading plate 6. The telescopic movement of the telescopic rod 8 drives the loading / unloading plate 6 to rotate and tilt or return to its original position around the hinge axis. The top of the AGV trolley 3 is equipped with a top plate 9 and a lifting assembly that drives the top plate 9 to slide vertically. The top plate 9 is a horizontal flat plate. Multiple rollers 10 are rotatably connected to the top of the top plate 9 via bearing seats. These rollers 10 are arranged in parallel, and their rolling direction is consistent with the moving direction of the metal frame 4. A through hole 11 is provided on the loading / unloading plate 6, the shape and size of which allow the top plate 9 and its rollers 10 to pass through. During the transfer of the metal frame 4 from the tempering trolley 1 to the AGV trolley 3, the lifting assembly drives the top plate 9 upwards. After passing through the through hole 11 on the loading / unloading plate 6, the top plate 9 extends upwards, and the height of its rollers 10 is higher than the height of the loading / unloading plate 6. At this time, the top plate 9 and rollers 10 form a rolling support surface higher than the loading / unloading plate 6. The metal frame 4 transitions from the rollers 5 of the tempering trolley 1 to the rollers 10 of the AGV trolley 3, with the bottom of the metal frame 4 making rolling contact with the rotating rollers 10 on the top of the top plate 9. Under the continuous push of the traction component, the metal frame 4 moves smoothly on the roller 10 until it is completely transferred to the AGV trolley 3. At this time, the top plate 9 and the top roller 10 bear the entire weight of the metal frame 4, and its height is higher than the loading and unloading plate 6. When the metal frame 4 is completely transferred to the AGV trolley 3 and is in position, the lifting component drives the top plate 9 to descend. The top plate 9 moves downward through the through hole 11 and is hidden inside the AGV trolley 3. The metal frame 4 descends with the top plate 9 and finally lands on the loading and unloading plate 6. The end plate 7 at one end of the loading and unloading plate 6 limits one end of the metal frame 4, and the adsorption component at the other end adsorbs and fixes the bottom of the metal frame 4 to the loading and unloading plate 6. Through the double cooperation of the end plate 7 and the adsorption component, the metal frame 4 is firmly fixed on the loading and unloading plate 6. During the process of the AGV trolley 3 carrying the metal frame 4 and moving towards the storage area 2, the metal frame 4 is reliably fixed and is not easy to shake or slide relative to the AGV trolley 3, thus ensuring the safety of the transfer process.

[0029] The side wall of the storage area 2 is equipped with multiple loading and unloading ports 12 for use with AGV trolleys 3. Each loading and unloading port 12 is an opening on the side wall of the storage area 2, used to allow wear-resistant steel balls to roll into the storage area 2. When the AGV trolley 3, carrying the metal frame 4, moves to a certain loading and unloading port 12, the telescopic rod 8 extends, driving the loading and unloading plate 6 to rotate upwards and tilt around the hinge axis in the direction of the loading and unloading port 12. After the loading and unloading plate 6 tilts, it causes the metal frame 4 on it to tilt as well. Under the action of gravity, the wear-resistant steel balls inside the metal frame 4 roll out from the top opening of the metal frame 4, pass through the loading and unloading port 12, and roll into the storage area 2, accumulating along the conical bottom of the storage area 2, thus achieving smooth and automatic unloading of the wear-resistant steel balls. Limit frames 13 are symmetrically welded and fixed on both sides of the loading and unloading port 12. The AGV trolley 3 has symmetrical vertical sliding links 14 on both sides. The links 14 can slide up and down vertically. A return spring 15 is provided between the link 14 and the AGV trolley 3. The return spring 15 is a tension spring that applies a downward return force to the link 14. The limiting frame 13 has a limiting groove 16 for use with the stop bar 14. The limiting groove 16 extends horizontally. The front end of the limiting groove 16 (in the direction from which the AGV trolley 3 is approaching) has a downwardly inclined guide groove 17. The guide groove 17 extends obliquely from the lower front end of the limiting frame 13 to the upper front end of the limiting groove 16. The rear end of the limiting groove 16 has a vertically downwardly extending slot 18. Both the guide groove 17 and the slot 18 are connected to the limiting groove 16. When the AGV trolley 3 carrying the metal frame 4 moves toward the loading and unloading port 12, the stop bars 14 on both sides of the AGV trolley 3 first enter the guide groove 17 at the front end of the limiting frame 13. Under the guidance of the oblique guide groove 17, the stop bar 14 is squeezed by the inclined surface of the guide groove 17 and automatically slides upward in the vertical direction. At the same time, it overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 15, causing the return spring 15 to be stretched. After the stop bar 14 slides upward to the top of the guide groove 17, it continues to move upward. The AGV trolley 3 moves backward along the lateral limiting groove 16. When the stop bar 14 moves to the slot 18 at the rear end of the limiting groove 16, the bottom of the stop bar 14 loses the support of the bottom wall of the limiting groove 16. Under the restoring force of the return spring 15, it automatically slides down and falls into the slot 18. After the stop bar 14 is engaged in the slot 18, the slot 18 forms a position constraint on the stop bar 14 in the lateral direction and is restricted in the vertical direction by the force of the return spring 15. This achieves position locking between the stop bar 14 and the limiting frame 13, thereby firmly fixing the AGV trolley 3 at the loading and unloading port 12. During the subsequent unloading of the wear-resistant steel balls, since the AGV trolley 3 is reliably fixed by the cooperation of the stop bar 14 and the slot 18, the reaction force generated during the unloading process will not cause the AGV trolley 3 to move laterally or overturn, ensuring the stability and safety of the unloading process.

[0030] Preferred, refer to Figure 5The traction assembly specifically includes traction slots 19 symmetrically opened on the top of the tempering carriage 1. Within each traction slot 19, near both ends, a drive sprocket 20 and a driven sprocket 21 are rotatably connected via bearings. A traction chain 22 is wound between the drive sprocket 20 and the driven sprocket 21. The traction chain 22 is a closed annular chain. Multiple traction blocks 23 are evenly spaced along the length of the traction chain 22 and fixed by welding or bolts. The traction blocks 23 extend upwards from the traction slots 19 to contact the sides of the metal frame 4. The drive sprocket 20 is driven to rotate by a motor. When the motor drives the drive sprocket 20 to rotate, it drives the traction chain 22 to rotate cyclically between the drive sprocket 20 and the driven sprocket 21. The traction blocks 23 on the traction chain 22 move with the chain. During the movement, the traction blocks 23 contact the side of the metal frame 4 placed on the roller 5, pushing the metal frame 4 forward along the roller 5. Since the traction chain 22 is a closed ring structure, multiple traction blocks 23 can push multiple metal frames 4 to move at the same time, which can realize the synchronous traction action of multiple metal frames 4 on the tempering trolley 1, resulting in higher traction efficiency and making the transfer process of the metal frames 4 smoother and more efficient.

[0031] Preferably, the metal frame 4 specifically includes a bottom frame 24 and a top frame 25. The bottom frame 24 is the bottom support frame of the metal frame 4, and multiple horizontal bars 26 are welded and fixed on the bottom frame 24 to support the weight of the wear-resistant steel balls. The top frame 25 is the top edge of the metal frame 4, and multiple vertical bars 27 are welded and fixed between the bottom frame 24 and the top frame 25. The lower end of the vertical bars 27 is connected to the bottom frame 24, and the upper end is connected to the top frame 25, forming the enclosure structure of the metal frame 4. The bottom of the vertical bars 27 is inclined towards the inside of the metal frame 4, that is, the lower part of the vertical bars 27 is bent inward. The adsorption assembly is used in conjunction with the bottom frame 24 to adsorb and fix the bottom frame 24. When the loading and unloading plate 6 drives the metal frame 4 to rotate and tilt for unloading, the wear-resistant steel balls inside the metal frame 4 roll downwards and accumulate under the action of gravity because the bottom of the vertical rod 27 has an inward tilting structure. The tilted bottom of the vertical rod 27 guides the bottom steel balls, so that the metal frame 4 does not need to rotate to a large tilting angle. The wear-resistant steel balls accumulated at the bottom can smoothly pass over the tilted section at the bottom of the vertical rod 27 and roll out and slide down from the top opening of the metal frame 4. This structure makes the maximum rotation angle required by the loading and unloading plate 6 and the metal frame 4 during the unloading process smaller, reduces the stroke requirement of the telescopic rod 8, and makes the unloading process more efficient and smooth.

[0032] Preferably, the adsorption component is an electromagnet 28, which is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the loading / unloading plate 6 near the tempering carriage 1. The bottom frame 24 is made of ferromagnetic material. When the electromagnet 28 is energized, it generates a magnetic field, which can produce a strong magnetic attraction force with the bottom frame 24. When the metal frame 4 descends into place on the loading / unloading plate 6, the electromagnet 28 is energized, and the generated magnetic attraction force firmly attracts and fixes the bottom frame 24 to the loading / unloading plate 6. When the telescopic rod 8 drives the loading / unloading plate 6 to rotate and tilt for unloading, the bottom frame 24 at the bottom of the metal frame 4 is always attracted and fixed by the electromagnet 28, and will not separate or slide from the loading / unloading plate 6. This ensures that the metal frame 4 is always firmly located on the loading / unloading plate 6 during the unloading process, further ensuring the safety and reliability of the unloading process.

[0033] Preferred, refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The AGV trolley 3 has symmetrically arranged grooves 29 on its side, extending vertically. A stop rod 14 is slidably connected within the groove 29 and can slide vertically under the guidance of the groove 29. A return spring 15, a tension spring, is located between the bottom of the stop rod 14 and the bottom wall of the groove 29. When the stop rod 14 is pressed upward by the guide groove 17, it moves smoothly upward under the precise guidance of the groove 29, while simultaneously stretching the return spring 15 to accumulate elastic force. When the stop rod 14 moves to the slot 18, the elastic force of the return spring 15 pulls the stop rod 14 downward along the groove 29, accurately landing it in the slot 18. The groove 29 makes the vertical sliding of the stop rod 14 and its engagement with the slot 18 smoother and more accurate.

[0034] Preferably, a guide post 30 is vertically welded and fixed inside the groove 29. The guide post 30 passes through the guide hole opened on the stop rod 14 and is slidably connected to the stop rod 14. The return spring 15 is sleeved on the outside of the guide post 30, and the guide post 30 provides internal support and guidance for the return spring 15. The setting of the guide post 30 provides additional guiding support for the vertical sliding of the stop rod 14, further improving the stability and movement accuracy of the stop rod 14 when sliding; on the other hand, it constrains the extension and retraction movement of the return spring 15, so that the return spring 15 will not tilt or bend laterally when stretched, ensuring that the return spring 15 can accurately pull the stop rod 14 downward to return to its original position in the vertical direction, making the vertical sliding structure of the stop rod 14 more stable and reliable.

[0035] Preferably, both the slide groove 29 and the stop bar 14 have T-shaped cross-sections that fit together. The wider part of the head of the T-shaped stop bar 14 is embedded in the wider internal cavity of the T-shaped slide groove 29, forming multi-directional mechanical constraints in the transverse and longitudinal directions. This T-shaped structure ensures that when the stop bar 14 is vertically slidably connected inside the slide groove 29, it will not slip off from the slide groove 29, making the sliding connection structure between the stop bar 14 and the AGV trolley 3 more robust and reliable. The robust connection ensures that the stop bar 14 can firmly engage with the slot 18 of the limit frame 13, effectively fixing the position of the AGV trolley 3, further improving the robustness and stability of the AGV trolley 3 during unloading.

[0036] Preferred, refer to Figure 3 The AGV trolley 3 has a hidden groove 31 on its top, which is a downwardly recessed groove structure located below the loading / unloading plate 6. A top plate 9 is vertically slidably connected inside the hidden groove 31, and can move up and down within it. A lifting assembly is located at the bottom of the hidden groove 31 to drive the top plate 9 to rise and fall. The hidden groove 31 allows the top plate 9 to pass through the through hole 11 and smoothly enter the hidden groove 31 when it needs to be lowered and hidden, allowing it to descend completely below the loading / unloading plate 6 without interfering with subsequent rotation or tilting movements of the loading / unloading plate 6. This ensures the independence and stability of the movements of the loading / unloading plate 6 and the top plate 9.

[0037] Preferably, the lifting assembly is a scissor lift frame 32. The scissor lift frame 32 is a cross-link lifting mechanism, composed of two sets of cross-hinged links. Its upper end is hinged to the bottom of the top plate 9, and its lower end is hinged to the bottom of the concealed slot 31. Lifting is achieved by changing the cross angle of the links through a drive mechanism such as a motor. The scissor lift frame 32 has a small height dimension in its retracted state, occupying a compact area. After the top plate 9 is lowered, the top plate 9 and the scissor lift frame 32 below it can be completely retracted into the concealed slot 31 for concealment, without occupying additional space below the loading / unloading plate 6. This effectively saves installation space for the lifting mechanism and reduces the overall height and dimensions of the AGV trolley 3.

[0038] Preferably, an electric push rod 33 for use with the stop rod 14 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slot 18 by welding or bolts. The output end of the electric push rod 33 faces upward and is located directly below the slot 18. When the wear-resistant steel balls are unloaded and the AGV trolley 3 needs to separate from the loading and unloading port 12, the electric push rod 33 is energized and its movable end extends upward, pushing the stop rod 14, which is stuck in the slot 18, to move upward. Under the push of the electric push rod 33, the stop rod 14 disengages from the slot 18 and slides vertically upward into the limiting groove 16. After the stop rod 14 enters the transverse limiting groove 16, the transverse constraint of the slot 18 on the stop rod 14 is released, and the AGV trolley 3 can smoothly move laterally away from the loading and unloading port 12, completing the automatic separation from the loading and unloading port 12. The electric push rod 33 enables the connection and separation operations between the AGV trolley 3 and the loading / unloading port 12 to be completed automatically without manual intervention, further improving the automation level and smoothness of the entire metal frame 4 transfer and unloading process.

[0039] The working principle of this invention is as follows: After the wear-resistant steel balls are tempered on the tempering trolley 1, the AGV trolley 3 automatically travels to one side of the tempering trolley 1 and aligns with it. The lifting assembly drives the top plate 9 to rise through the through hole 11, making the roller shaft 10 higher than the loading and unloading plate 6. The drive sprocket 20 of the traction assembly is driven by a motor to rotate, and the traction block 23 on the traction chain 22 pushes the metal frame 4 along the roller 5 on the tempering trolley 1 towards the AGV trolley 3. The metal frame 4 transitions from the roller 5 to the roller shaft 10 and continues to move until it is completely transferred above the AGV trolley 3. The lifting assembly drives the top plate 9 to descend, and the metal frame 4 falls onto the loading and unloading plate 6. The end plate 7 limits one end of the metal frame 4, and the electromagnet 28 is energized to attract and fix the bottom frame 24 onto the loading and unloading plate 6, completing the loading and fixing of the metal frame 4. The AGV trolley 3 carrying the metal frame 4 automatically travels to the loading and unloading port 12 of the storage area 2. Guided by the guide groove 17, the baffles 14 on both sides of the AGV trolley 3 slide upwards and move along the limiting groove 16, eventually automatically falling into the locking slot 18 and locking the AGV trolley 3 at the loading / unloading port 12. The telescopic rod 8 drives the loading / unloading plate 6 to rotate and tilt towards the loading / unloading port 12, causing the metal frame 4 to tilt accordingly. The wear-resistant steel balls inside roll out and pass through the loading / unloading port 12 into the storage area 2. After unloading, the electric push rod 33 pushes the baffles 14 upwards to disengage from the locking slot 18, and the AGV trolley 3 drives away from the loading / unloading port 12, completing a full transfer and unloading operation.

[0040] Example: An AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls includes a tempering trolley 1 with multiple rows of rollers 5 on top and traction grooves 19 on both sides. Each traction groove 19 contains a drive sprocket 20 and a driven sprocket 21, with a traction chain 22 winding between them. Traction blocks 23 are fixed at equal intervals on the chain. The drive sprocket 20 is driven by a motor. A metal frame 4, composed of a bottom frame 24, a top frame 25, a crossbar 26, and a vertical bar 27 with an inwardly inclined bottom, is welded together and placed on the rollers 5. A loading / unloading plate 6 is hinged to the top of the AGV trolley 3. An end plate 7 is welded to one end of the loading / unloading plate 6, and an electromagnet 28 is fixed to the other end. A telescopic rod 8 is hinged to the side of the AGV trolley 3, with its movable end hinged to the bottom surface of the loading / unloading plate 6. A through hole 11 is provided on the loading / unloading plate 6, and a scissor lift frame 32 is fixed in a hidden groove 31. A top plate 9 is hinged to the upper end of the scissor lift frame 32, and multiple rollers 10 are rotatably mounted on the top plate 9. The AGV trolley 3 has T-shaped slides 29 on both sides, with guide posts 30 installed inside the slides 29. A stop rod 14 slides in conjunction with the guide posts 30 and the slides 29. A return spring 15 is installed between the bottom of the stop rod 14 and the bottom wall of the slides 29. A loading / unloading port 12 is opened on the side wall of the storage area 2. Limit frames 13 are welded to both sides of the loading / unloading port 12. The limit frames 13 have guide grooves 17, limit grooves 16, and slots 18. An electric push rod 33 is installed at the bottom of the slots 18. During operation, the AGV trolley 3 docks with the tempering trolley 1. The scissor lift 32 lifts the top plate 9, and the traction chain 22 pushes the metal frame 4 onto the roller 10. The scissor lift 32 descends, causing the metal frame 4 to fall onto the loading / unloading plate 6, where it is attracted and fixed by an electromagnet 28. When the AGV trolley 3 reaches the loading / unloading port 12, the stop rod 14 automatically engages with the slot 18, and the telescopic rod 8 lifts the loading / unloading plate 6 to tilt and unload the steel balls. After unloading, the electric push rod 33 pushes the stop lever 14 to disengage, and the AGV trolley 3 drives away.

Claims

1. An AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls, comprising an AGV trolley (3) capable of moving between a tempering trolley (1) and a storage area (2), a plurality of metal frames (4) for carrying wear-resistant steel balls are arranged on the tempering trolley (1), characterized in that: The top of the tempering trolley (1) is rotatably connected to multiple rollers (5), which roll in contact with the bottom of the metal frame (4). The top of the tempering trolley (1) is provided with a traction assembly for transferring the metal frame (4) to the AGV trolley (3). The top of the AGV trolley (3) is rotatably connected to a loading and unloading plate (6). One end of the loading and unloading plate (6) is provided with an end plate (7) for use with the metal frame (4), and the other end of the loading and unloading plate (6) is provided with an adsorption assembly for use with the metal frame (4). The side of the AGV trolley (3) is provided with a telescopic rod (8) for driving the loading and unloading plate (6) to rotate. The top of the AGV trolley (3) is provided with a top plate (9) and a lifting assembly for driving the top plate (9) to slide vertically. The top of the top plate (9) is rotatably connected to multiple rollers (10), which roll in contact with the bottom of the metal frame (4). The loading and unloading plate (6) is provided with a through hole (11) that allows the top plate (9) to pass through. The side wall of the storage area (2) is provided with multiple loading and unloading ports (12) for use with AGV trolleys (3). The loading and unloading ports (12) are symmetrically provided with limit frames (13) on both sides. The AGV trolleys (3) are symmetrically connected with vertically sliding stop bars (14) on both sides. The stop bars (14) and the AGV trolleys (3) are provided with a return spring (15). The limit frame (13) is provided with a limit groove (16) for use with the stop bar (14). The front end of the limit groove (16) is provided with a downwardly inclined guide groove (17). The rear end of the limit groove (16) is provided with a vertical slot (18). The stop bar (14) passes through the guide groove (17) and enters the limit groove (16), and finally enters the vertical slot (18) under the action of the return spring (15).

2. The AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction assembly includes a traction groove (19) symmetrically arranged on the top of the refractory trolley (1). A drive sprocket (20) and a driven sprocket (21) are rotatably connected in the traction groove (19). A traction chain (22) is wound between the drive sprocket (20) and the driven sprocket (21). The traction chain (22) is provided with a plurality of traction blocks (23) that contact the side of the metal frame (4).

3. The AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal frame (4) includes a bottom frame (24) and a top frame (25). The bottom frame (24) is provided with multiple horizontal bars (26). Multiple vertical bars (27) are provided between the bottom frame (24) and the top frame (25). The bottom of the vertical bars (27) is inclined inward. The adsorption component is used in conjunction with the bottom frame (24).

4. The AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adsorption component is an electromagnet (28), which is magnetically adsorbed to the bottom frame (24).

5. The AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AGV (3) has symmetrically arranged grooves (29) on its side. The stop bar (14) is slidably connected in the groove (29) in the vertical direction. The reset spring (15) is located between the bottom of the stop bar (14) and the bottom of the groove (29).

6. The AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls according to claim 5, characterized in that: The groove (29) is provided with a guide post (30), the guide post (30) passes through the stop bar (14) and is slidably connected to it, and the reset spring (15) is sleeved on the outside of the guide post (30).

7. The AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the groove (29) and the stop (14) are both T-shaped and designed for use together.

8. The AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The AGV (3) has a hidden groove (31) on its top, and the top plate (9) is slidably connected in the hidden groove (31) along the vertical direction. The lifting assembly is set at the bottom of the hidden groove (31).

9. The AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls according to claim 8, characterized in that: The lifting assembly is a scissor lift (32).

10. The AGV conveying device for wear-resistant steel balls according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the slot (18) is provided with an electric actuator (33) for use with the stop bar (14).

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