A sludge carbonization simultaneous surface treatment device and method of setting and using the same

Abstract

This invention discloses a sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device, its setup, and its usage method, relating to the field of solid waste disposal and treatment technology. The sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device, along with its setup and usage method, includes a sludge carbonization module, a surface treatment module, and a control module. Surface treatment modules are located on both sides of the lower part of the sludge carbonization module, and a control module is located on the right side of both the sludge carbonization module and the surface treatment module. The sludge carbonization module and the surface treatment module are electrically connected to the control module and are regulated by the control module. This invention employs a vertical combustion chamber and multi-spiral parallel conveying of sludge, fully utilizing the combustion heat of combustible gases to greatly improve energy utilization efficiency and complete the carbonization of different types of sludge. Simultaneously, it utilizes the principle of uniformly injecting and stretching the solution using a spinning machine to achieve uniform and successful spraying of the surface treatment solution onto the sludge carbon surface, and uses the residual heat of the sludge carbon to complete the immobilization of the surface treatment solution on the sludge carbon surface, exhibiting high adaptability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste disposal and treatment technology, specifically to a sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device and its setup and usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in my country, the amount of solid waste generated, such as municipal and industrial sludge, has been increasing year by year. Its safe disposal and resource utilization have become critical issues urgently needing to be addressed in the field of environmental protection. Sludge has a complex composition, high water content, and often contains heavy metals, pathogens, and recalcitrant organic matter. Improper treatment can easily lead to secondary pollution risks to soil and water bodies. Currently, the main methods of sludge disposal include landfill, incineration, anaerobic digestion, and thermochemical treatment. Among these, carbonization technology, as a thermochemical treatment method, can effectively reduce, render harmless, and stabilize sludge, and its products have certain resource utilization potential, thus attracting widespread attention in recent years.

[0003] However, existing sludge carbonization processes and equipment still have many shortcomings in practical applications. On the one hand, traditional carbonization equipment mostly adopts a horizontal arrangement or a single spiral conveyor structure, resulting in uneven heat distribution inside the equipment and insufficient heating of the sludge, leading to low carbonization efficiency and high energy consumption. This is especially true for sludge with different moisture contents and organic matter contents, where the equipment's adaptability and operational stability are poor. On the other hand, while the sludge carbon generated after carbonization in existing technologies has abundant surface active sites, its functionality is relatively limited. Without effective surface modification or functionalization treatment, its expansion in high-value applications such as adsorption materials and catalyst supports is restricted. Although some studies have attempted to load functional components onto the surface of sludge carbon, most of these studies employ offline, stepwise processing methods, i.e., cooling the sludge carbon after carbonization before surface modification. This process not only prolongs the process flow and wastes thermal energy, but also results in insufficient bonding strength between the surface treatment layer and the substrate, affecting the performance of the final product.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an integrated device and process that can achieve synergistic carbonization and surface treatment of sludge. This would ensure efficient and stable carbonization while simultaneously utilizing the waste heat from carbonization to construct the surface functional layer, thereby simplifying the process, improving energy utilization efficiency, and expanding the high-value application pathways of sludge carbon products. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device and its setup and usage method. By controlling the sludge partitioning carbonization and surface treatment solution loading, the adaptability of the sludge treatment device is improved, and a surface treatment solution-loaded sludge carbon material for heavy metal pollution remediation is prepared.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A sludge carbonization and surface treatment device is disclosed. The device includes a sludge carbonization module, a surface treatment module, and a control module. Surface treatment modules are located on both sides of the lower part of the sludge carbonization module, and the control module is located on the right side of the sludge carbonization module and the surface treatment module. The sludge carbonization module and the surface treatment module are electrically connected to the control module and are regulated by the control module. The sludge carbonization module includes a feed hopper, with a combustion chamber installed below the feed hopper. The upper and lower side walls of the combustion chamber are equipped with heat exhaust ports and air inlets, respectively, to complete the input of fuel gas and the output of residual heat. The air intake is controlled by an air intake valve installed on the right side. The combustion chamber is surrounded by an insulation layer, and the space between the two is the reaction chamber. The insulation layer on the side walls keeps the reaction chamber warm. Six motors and screw pushers are installed in a ring at equal intervals on the reaction chamber, pushing the sludge from top to bottom into the reaction chamber. The sludge passes through the drying zone, pyrolysis zone, and carbonization zone in succession, and the sludge completes dewatering, pyrolysis, and carbonization to be converted into finished sludge char. A collection hopper is installed at the bottom opening of the reaction chamber to collect the finished char produced by the six screw pushers.

[0007] Furthermore, the moisture content of the sludge is less than 30%.

[0008] Furthermore, the surface treatment module includes four spinning machines arranged in a ring above the collecting hopper. The spinning machine has a spinning nozzle at the front, a liquid storage tank connected to the rear of the spinning nozzle, a mounting bracket installed at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, a sliding push rod inside the liquid storage tank, an electric motor installed at the rear of the push rod, and a high-voltage power supply for the high-voltage electric field formed at the bottom of the spinning nozzle.

[0009] Furthermore, the control module includes a control panel, which is electrically connected to a temperature sensor placed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber, a gravity sensor placed at the bottom of the collection hopper, and an air inlet valve. The surface of the control panel is embedded with a display table that monitors the reaction chamber temperature, sludge carbon generation, and air intake. The lower part of the display table is equipped with a screw pusher motor switch, a pusher motor switch, a high-voltage power switch, and an air inlet valve knob, which play an adjustment and control role for the corresponding components.

[0010] This invention also provides the following technical solutions: A simultaneous surface treatment device for sludge carbonization is provided, the dimensions of which include the inner diameter of the gas input pipe. D 1. Design, Combustion Chamber (1-5) Height H (m) and diameter D (m) Design, inner diameter of combustion chamber exhaust duct D 2 (m) design, where: Gas input pipeline inner diameter design: The total heat demand is estimated based on water evaporation and heat absorption during sludge carbonization. Q t(kcal), and calculate the combustion heat power. W 1 (kW); Natural gas consumption is calculated by combining the calorific value of natural gas. q (Nm) 3 / h); According to natural gas consumption q and its designed flue gas flow rate during combustion in the combustion chamber. v (m / s) Obtain circulation area (m 2 ), and then calculate the inner diameter of the gas input pipe. D 1 (m); Combustion chamber size calculation: The temperature difference Δ is calculated based on the temperature of the sludge drying zone on the low-temperature side and the average temperature of the flue gas on the high-temperature side. T ; Combined with total heat demand Q t (kcal), heat transfer coefficient k ( W / ( m 2 ⋅ K) Calculate the heat transfer area A (m) 2 ), A =Q / ( k ×Δ T ); The combustion chamber height is first determined based on the heat transfer area. H (m), ensuring complete carbonization of the sludge in the reaction chamber, and then determining the diameter. D (m), select stainless steel seamless pipe material with national standard dimensions; Among them, heat transfer coefficient k The convective heat transfer coefficient of the flue gas on the inside, the thermal resistance of the pipe wall, and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the sludge on the outside need to be comprehensively considered. If the selected combustion chamber material has a small area gap compared to the heat transfer area, it can be remedied by welding heat sinks around the perimeter. If there is no area gap, no remedial measures are required.

[0011] Combustion chamber exhaust duct inner diameter design: Calculate the high-temperature gas expansion coefficient based on the exhaust temperature. g The air-fuel ratio is m : n Calculate the high-temperature flue gas flow rate Q 1 (m) 3 / s); flue gas circulation area S (m) 2 )= Q 1 / v , Then the inner diameter of the smoke exhaust pipe D 2 (m) = .

[0012] This invention also provides the following technical solutions: A method of using a sludge carbonization simultaneous surface treatment device, characterized in that the sludge carbonization simultaneous surface treatment method is based on the sludge carbonization simultaneous surface treatment device of claim 1, and includes the following steps: S1: Determine the appropriate carbonation temperature based on the type of sludge; S2: Conduct equipment self-inspection to ensure the safety of the mechanical structure of the unit, that there is no gas leakage in the natural gas pipeline, that the electrical insulation is good, that the control module is normal, that the sensing device is normal, and that the switch control communication is normal. S3: Turn on the power to the control module, and the control module will start working; S4: Open the natural gas valve, ignite, and preheat the reaction chamber to the set temperature; S5: Sludge enters the reaction chamber through the feed hopper. Turn on the motor switch of the screw pusher and adjust the pushing speed. The screw pusher pushes the sludge through the drying zone, pyrolysis zone and carbonization zone in sequence to form finished sludge carbon. The pushing speed is determined by the residence time of the sludge in each zone of the reaction chamber. S6: The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the reaction chamber during the sludge treatment process. If the detected temperature is lower than the set temperature, the control module adjusts the air intake valve to regulate the temperature of the carbonization zone to reach the set temperature. S7: The finished sludge carbon falls from the reaction chamber into the collection hopper due to gravity. The presence of sludge carbon is detected by the gravity sensor, and the control module turns on the push rod motor switch and the high voltage power switch to start spraying the surface treatment solution. S8: The electric motor drives the push rod to push the surface treatment solution in the storage tank through the spinning nozzle. The solution is stretched by the jet in the electrostatic field generated by the high voltage power supply and evenly loaded onto the sludge carbon, falling into the collection hopper. S9: When the gravity sensor detects the generation of non-polluting peat, the control module shuts off the push rod motor switch and the high-voltage power switch, stopping the spraying of the surface treatment solution.

[0013] Furthermore, the size design of the processing unit is determined by the inner diameter of the gas input pipe. D 1. Combustion chamber (1-5) height H (m) and diameter D (m) Inner diameter of combustion chamber exhaust duct D The joint design decision of 2 (m)

[0014] Furthermore, the sludge in the reaction chamber is driven by an electric motor to pass through the drying zone, pyrolysis zone, and carbonization zone in sequence, achieving continuous, stable, and uniform dewatering, pyrolysis, and carbonization of the sludge. The control module regulates the electric motor of the screw pusher to provide a suitable pusher feed rate (t / h) for the sludge in the reaction chamber. The pusher feed rate is precisely determined based on the sludge moisture content (%), viscosity (mPa·s), and reaction chamber operating temperature (K) to ensure uniform heating of the sludge and sufficient sludge residence time (h) to achieve complete sludge reaction.

[0015] Furthermore, the pitch of the screw pusher gradually decreases from top to bottom, which can compensate for the shrinkage of sludge volume during carbonization, ensuring that the pusher and sludge always maintain close contact, thus ensuring stable propulsion and efficient heat transfer. In addition, the gradual reduction of the pitch can apply a certain shear force and extrusion force to the dried sludge carbon in the carbonization zone, which increases with the reduction of the pitch, and plays a role in breaking up lumps of sludge carbon, thereby ensuring the uniformity and compactness of the finished sludge carbon particles.

[0016] Furthermore, a gravity sensor is closely connected below the hopper. The gravity sensor is connected to the control panel through a signal path, which can accurately identify the generation of finished char. The control module activates the corresponding high-voltage power supply and push rod to ensure that the sludge char falls synchronously with the surface treatment solution injection, so as to achieve successful loading of the surface treatment solution on the finished sludge char.

[0017] Furthermore, a high-voltage power supply provides a positive high-voltage electrostatic field to the spinning nozzle. The voltage value (V) is determined based on the surface treatment solution to ensure that the repulsive force of the charges is greater than the surface tension of the solution itself, thus achieving successful jet formation. The collection hopper is in contact with the ground, replacing the receiving device of the surface treatment module. A single spinning machine is positioned spatially above the collection hopper, at a certain distance from the bottom of the hopper, ensuring sufficient receiving distance and stretching time for complete evaporation of the surface treatment solution. The spinning machine is movable, allowing for adjustable installation height. The collection hopper can be extended or retracted to change its depth, ensuring that the receiving distance and stretching time of the surface treatment solution can be actively adjusted, achieving uniform ejection of different types and properties of spinning surface treatment solutions.

[0018] Furthermore, the surface treatment module includes multiple sets of monomer spinning machines, and the array method includes the number of arrays and the arrangement and combination of multiple sets of monomer spinning machines for uniform loading of surface treatment solution on the finished sludge carbon.

[0019] Furthermore, the exhaust port at the top of the combustion chamber is equipped with an exhaust gas collection and treatment device to prevent gas pollution.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: 1. This invention employs a vertical combustion chamber and multiple spiral parallel conveying of sludge, making full use of the combustion heat of combustible gases, greatly improving energy utilization efficiency and reducing treatment costs.

[0021] 2. This invention uses a retractable hopper as a receiving device for sludge carbon. The relative position of the surface treatment module and the hopper can be adjusted. At the same time, the principle of uniformly spraying and stretching the solution from the spinning machine nozzle is used to achieve uniform and successful spraying of the surface treatment solution onto the surface of the sludge carbon.

[0022] 3. This invention adopts a material conveying method that combines a spiral pusher and gravitational potential energy. Different pushing speeds can be adjusted for sludge of different viscosities, which can prevent the filter cake of the sludge to be treated from sticking together and ensure uniform heating, so that the product is fully processed and the processing effect of the device is guaranteed.

[0023] 4. This invention achieves efficient, uniform, and stable treatment of sludge. It utilizes the residual heat of sludge carbon to immobilize the surface treatment solution on the finished sludge carbon. It has high adaptability to different types of sludge, such as river silt, municipal sludge, and industrial sludge, and to surface treatment solutions.

[0024] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for simultaneous surface treatment of sludge carbonization according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sludge carbonization module according to the embodiments of this disclosure along the AA section.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a top view of the sludge carbonization module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a top view of the surface treatment module according to the embodiments of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spinning machine according to an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure labeling: 1-Sludge carbonization module; 2-Surface treatment module; 3-Control module; 1-1 Feed funnel; 1-2 Screw pusher motor; 1-3 Reaction chamber; 1-3-1 Drying zone; 1-3-2 Pyrolysis zone; 1-3-3 Carbonization zone; 1-4 Screw pusher; 1-5 Combustion chamber; 1-6 Insulation layer; 1-7 Heat exhaust port; 1-8 Air inlet; 1-9 Air inlet valve; 1-10 Collection hopper; 2-1 High-voltage power supply; 2-2 Spinning nozzle; 2-3 Storage tank; 2-4 Pusher; 2-5 Motor; 2-6 Support; 3-1 Control panel; 3-2 Display; 3-3 Screw pusher motor switch; 3-4 Pusher motor switch; 3-5 High-voltage power switch; 3-6 Air inlet valve knob; 3-7 Temperature sensor; 3-8 Gravity sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0035] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a device for simultaneous surface treatment of sludge carbonization, which is used to treat sludge and prepare a surface treatment solution-loaded sludge carbon barrier material.

[0036] The device includes a sludge carbonization module (1), a surface treatment module (2), and a control module (3). The sludge carbonization module includes a feed funnel (1-1), a screw feeder motor (1-2), a reaction chamber (1-3), a screw feeder (1-4), a combustion chamber (1-5), an insulation layer (1-6), a heat exhaust port (1-7), an air inlet (1-8), an air inlet valve (1-9), and a collection hopper (1-10). The surface treatment module includes a high-voltage power supply (2-1), a spinning nozzle (2-2), a liquid storage tank (2-3), a pusher (2-4), a motor (2-5), and a support (2-6). The control module includes a control panel (3-1), a display (3-2), a screw feeder motor switch (3-3), a pusher motor switch (3-4), a high-voltage power supply switch (3-5), and an air inlet valve knob (3-6).

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the carbonization module (1) is a double-layer cylindrical structure, with a combustion chamber (1-5), a reaction chamber (1-3), and an insulation layer (1-6) installed from the inside out. A collection hopper (1-10) is installed below the opening. The sludge relies on the carbonization module (1) to complete dewatering, pyrolysis, and carbonization in sequence to generate sludge carbon. The surface treatment module (2) includes four electrospinning machines, which are arranged in a ring above the collection hopper (1-10) to complete the uniform injection of the surface treatment solution. The control module (3) is connected to the carbonization module (1) and the surface treatment module (2) to accurately monitor and adjust the real-time operating conditions.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the design allows for a sludge treatment capacity of 3.5 t / d to enter the reaction chamber for carbonization, with the dry sludge having a moisture content of 30%.

[0039] Gas input pipe inner diameter design: Assuming a combustion chamber heat utilization rate of 30%, the total heat required per unit carbonization time is estimated based on water evaporation and carbonization heat absorption during sludge carbonization. Q t =39400kcal / 30%=131333kcal≈140,000kcal, combustion engine thermal power W 1 is 163 kW; Natural gas consumption is calculated based on the calorific value of natural gas. q =17 (Nm) 3 / h); Based on the flue gas velocity during natural gas combustion in the combustion chamber v Designed for a flow rate of 15 m / s, the resulting flow area is 0.000315 m². 2 That is, 315 mm2 Then, the inner diameter of the gas input pipe can be calculated. D 1 is 20.03 mm, therefore, a pipe with an inner diameter of 25 mm is selected; Combustion chamber size calculation: The design temperature of the sludge drying zone on the low-temperature side is 350℃, and the average flue gas temperature on the high-temperature side is 800℃, with a temperature difference Δ. T =450℃; The heat transfer coefficient is taken as 20 ( W / ( m 2 ⋅ K) ), combined with total heat demand Q t (kcal) Calculate the heat transfer area A It is 5.1 m 2 ; Based on the heat transfer area, the combustion chamber height H is first determined to be 3.1 m, and the diameter is 3.5 m using seamless stainless steel pipe to ensure complete carbonization of the sludge in the reaction chamber. The pipe diameter... D =0.53 m, perimeter 1.664 m, area 5.16 m 2 .

[0040] Combustion chamber exhaust duct inner diameter design: Design exhaust temperature 500℃, calculate high-temperature gas expansion coefficient. g It is 2.83 times, the air-fuel ratio is 10:1, and the high-temperature flue gas flow rate is... Q 1, Q 1= 17 × 2.83 ×11=529 m 3 / h=0.147 m 3 / s, flue gas circulation area S = Q 1 / v =0.0098 m 2 , Then the inner diameter of the smoke exhaust pipe D 2= =0.112 m, and a 5-inch stainless steel seamless pipe is selected as the smoke exhaust pipe.

[0041] After the finished sludge carbon is prepared, it falls into the collection hopper (1-10). The gravity sensor (3-8) in the collection hopper senses the generation of sludge carbon (its gravity sensing threshold is less than 0.5kg) and transmits the signal to the control module (3). The control module (3) controls the opening of the surface treatment module (2), and its response time is less than 3s.

[0042] like Figure 2As shown, the insulation layer (1-6) provides insulation for the reaction chamber (1-3) and mechanical support for the carbonization device. Taking into account insulation performance, mechanical strength and economic cost, the insulation layer (1-6) with a thickness of 0.1m is made of aluminum silicate fiber (thermal conductivity of 0.12 W / (m·K)).

[0043] like Figure 5 As shown, the storage tank contains 8 wt% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) surface treatment solution with a viscosity of approximately 2000 mPa·s. An electric motor (2-5) pushes a push rod (2-4) at a propulsion speed of 0.5 ml / L, propelling the surface treatment solution from the storage tank (2-3) through a 0.3 mm polytetrafluoroethylene spinning nozzle (2-2). The sprayed solution is uniformly stretched under the electrostatic field generated by a 20 kV high-voltage power supply (2-1).

[0044] like Figure 4 As shown, the relative distance between the surface treatment module (2) and the sludge carbon in the collection hopper (1-10) is fixed at 35cm to ensure the injection and stretching of the surface treatment solution. The sprayed surface treatment solution is loaded onto the sludge carbon, and the residual heat of the sludge carbon is used to stabilize the load on the sludge carbon and fall into the collection hopper (1-10), forming municipal sludge carbon loaded with surface treatment solution.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown, the real-time operating conditions during the sludge carbonization and synchronous spinning process are monitored and regulated in real time by the control module (3). The display table (3-2) embedded in the control panel (3-1) monitors the reaction chamber temperature, sludge carbon generation, and air intake in real time. The control panel (3-1) is equipped with a screw pusher motor switch (3-3), a pusher motor switch (3-4), a high-voltage power switch (3-5), and an air intake valve knob (3-6), which play a regulating and controlling role on the corresponding components.

[0046] Example 2 This second embodiment provides a method for simultaneous surface treatment of sludge carbonization, which is implemented using the apparatus for simultaneous surface treatment of sludge carbonization described in embodiment 1.

[0047] In this embodiment, a simultaneous surface treatment for sludge carbonization includes the following steps: Step 1: Determine the appropriate carbonization temperature based on the type of sludge.

[0048] Step two: Conduct equipment self-inspection to ensure the safety of the device's mechanical structure, the absence of gas leaks in the natural gas pipeline, good electrical insulation, normal control module operation, normal sensing device operation, and normal switch control communication.

[0049] Step 3: Turn on the power to the control module, and the control module will start working.

[0050] Step four: Open the natural gas valve, ignite the gas, and preheat the reaction chamber to the set temperature.

[0051] Step 5: Sludge (moisture content less than 30%) enters the reaction chamber through the feed hopper. Turn on the motor switch of the screw conveyor and adjust the conveying speed. The screw conveyor pushes the sludge through the drying zone, pyrolysis zone, and carbonization zone in sequence to form the finished sludge char. The conveying speed is determined by the residence time of the sludge in each zone of the reaction chamber.

[0052] Step six: The temperature sensor detects the temperature of the reaction chamber during the sludge treatment process. If the detected temperature is lower than the set temperature, the control module adjusts the air intake valve to regulate the temperature of the carbonization zone to reach the set temperature.

[0053] Step 7: The finished sludge carbon falls from the reaction chamber into the collection hopper due to gravity. The presence of sludge carbon is detected by the gravity sensor. The control module turns on the push rod motor switch and the high voltage power switch to start spraying the surface treatment solution. Step 8: The electric motor drives the push rod to push the surface treatment solution in the storage tank through the spinning nozzle. The solution is stretched by the jet in the electrostatic field generated by the high voltage power supply and evenly loaded onto the sludge carbon, falling into the collection hopper. Step nine: When the gravity sensor detects the absence of sludge generation, the control module shuts off the push rod motor switch and the high-voltage power switch, stopping the spraying of the surface treatment solution.

[0054] In use, push rod 2-4 is slidably connected to liquid storage tank 2-3, pushing the surface treatment solution through spinning nozzle 2-2. After passing through the high-voltage electric field formed by the high-voltage power supply 2-1 at the front, it is uniformly stretched and ejected. The bracket 2-6 installed below each spinning machine serves to support the machine body. In summary, this invention provides a sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device and its setup and usage method. This device employs a vertical combustion chamber and multiple spiral parallel conveyors for sludge, fully utilizing the combustion heat of combustible gases to significantly improve energy efficiency and reduce processing costs. The invention uses a retractable hopper as the receiving device for the sludge carbon, and the relative position of the surface treatment module and the hopper is adjustable. Simultaneously, it utilizes the principle of uniformly injecting and stretching the solution using a spinning machine to achieve uniform and successful spraying of the surface treatment solution onto the sludge carbon surface. The invention employs a conveying method combining a spiral pusher and gravitational potential energy. Different pushing speeds can be adjusted for sludge of varying viscosities, preventing sludge filter cake adhesion and ensuring uniform heating, thus ensuring thorough product treatment and guaranteeing the device's processing effect. This invention achieves efficient, uniform, and stable sludge treatment and utilizes the residual heat of the sludge carbon to achieve uniform loading of the surface treatment solution onto the finished carbon. It exhibits high adaptability to different types of sludge, such as river silt, municipal sludge, and industrial sludge, and to various surface treatment solutions.

[0055] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0056] The above embodiments merely illustrate implementation methods of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device, characterized in that, The treatment device includes a sludge carbonization module (1), a surface treatment module (2), and a control module (3). Surface treatment modules (2) are located on both sides of the lower part of the sludge carbonization module (1). The control module (3) is located on the right side of the sludge carbonization module (1) and the surface treatment module (2). The sludge carbonization module (1) and the surface treatment module (2) are electrically connected to the control module (3) and are regulated by the control module (3). The sludge carbonization module (1) includes a feed hopper (1-1), a combustion chamber (1-5) is installed below the feed hopper (1-1), and the upper and lower side walls of the combustion chamber (1-5) are respectively equipped with a heat exhaust port (1-7) and an air inlet (1-8) to complete the input of fuel gas and the output of residual heat. The air intake of the air inlet (1-8) is controlled by the air intake valve (1-9) installed on the right side. The combustion chamber (1-5) is surrounded by a heat insulation layer (1-6), and the space between the two is... The reaction chamber (1-3) is insulated by the insulation layer (1-6) on the side wall. Six motors (1-2) and a screw pusher (1-4) are installed in a ring at equal intervals on the reaction chamber (1-3) to push the sludge into the reaction chamber (1-3) from top to bottom. The sludge passes through the drying zone (1-3-1), the pyrolysis zone (1-3-2), and the carbonization zone (1-3-3) in succession. The collection hopper (1-10) is installed at the opening below the reaction chamber (1-3).

2. The sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The sludge has a moisture content of less than 30%.

3. The sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The surface treatment module (2) includes four spinning machines arranged in a ring above the collecting hoppers (1-10). The spinning machine is equipped with a spinning nozzle (2-2) at the front, and a liquid storage tank (2-3) is connected to the rear of the spinning nozzle (2-2). A mounting bracket (2-6) is installed at the lower part of the liquid storage tank (2-3). A push rod (2-4) is slidably connected inside the liquid storage tank (2-3). An electric motor (2-5) is installed at the rear of the push rod (2-4). A high-voltage power supply (2-1) for forming a high-voltage electric field is provided at the lower part of the spinning nozzle (2-2).

4. The sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The control module (3) includes a control panel (3-1). The control panel (3-1) is electrically connected to a temperature sensor (3-7) placed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber (1-3), a gravity sensor (3-8) placed at the bottom of the collection hopper (1-10), and an air inlet valve (1-9). The surface of the control panel (3-1) is embedded with a display table (3-2) for monitoring the temperature of the reaction chamber (1-3), the amount of sludge carbon generated, and the amount of air inlet. The lower part of the display table (3-2) is equipped with a screw pusher motor switch (3-3), a pusher motor switch (3-4), a high-voltage power switch (3-5), and an air inlet valve knob (3-6), which play a regulating and controlling role on the corresponding components.

5. The configuration of the sludge carbonization simultaneous surface treatment device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The dimensions of the processing unit include the inner diameter of the gas input pipe. D 1. Design, Combustion Chamber (1-5) Height H (m) and diameter D (m) Design, inner diameter of combustion chamber exhaust duct D 2 (m) design, where: Gas input pipeline inner diameter design: The total heat demand is estimated based on water evaporation and heat absorption during sludge carbonization. Q t (kcal), and calculate the combustion heat power. W 1 (kW); Natural gas consumption is calculated by combining the calorific value of natural gas. q (Nm) 3 / h); According to natural gas consumption q and its designed flue gas flow rate during combustion in the combustion chamber. v (m / s) Obtain circulation area (m 2 ), and then calculate the inner diameter of the natural gas pipeline. D 1 (m); Combustion chamber size calculation: The temperature difference Δ is calculated based on the temperature of the sludge drying zone on the low-temperature side and the average temperature of the flue gas on the high-temperature side. T ; Combined with total heat demand Q t (kcal), heat transfer coefficient k (W / (m) 2 ⋅K ) Calculate the heat transfer area A (m) 2 A = Q / ( k ×Δ T ); The combustion chamber height is first determined based on the heat transfer area. H (m), ensuring complete carbonization of the sludge in the reaction chamber, and then determining the diameter. D (m), select stainless steel seamless pipe material with national standard dimensions; Among them, heat transfer coefficient k The convective heat transfer coefficient of the flue gas on the inside, the thermal resistance of the pipe wall, and the convective heat transfer coefficient of the sludge on the outside need to be comprehensively considered. Combustion chamber exhaust duct inner diameter design: Calculate the high-temperature gas expansion coefficient based on the exhaust temperature. g The air-fuel ratio is m : n The calculated flow rate of the high-temperature flue gas is as follows: Q 1 (m) 3 / s); flue gas circulation area S (m) 2 )= Q 1 / v , Then the inner diameter of the smoke exhaust pipe D 2 (m) = .

6. The method of using the sludge carbonization and simultaneous surface treatment device as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The method for simultaneous surface treatment of sludge carbonization is based on the apparatus for simultaneous surface treatment of sludge carbonization as described in claim 1, and includes the following steps: S1: Determine the appropriate carbonation temperature based on the type of sludge; S2: Conduct equipment self-inspection to ensure the safety of the mechanical structure of the device, the absence of gas leakage in the natural gas pipeline, good electrical insulation, normal control module (3), normal sensing device, and normal switch control communication; S3: Turn on the power to the control module (3), and the control module (3) will start working; S4: Open the natural gas valve, ignite, and preheat the reaction chamber (1-3) to the set temperature; S5: Sludge enters the reaction chamber (1-3) through the feed hopper (1-1), the screw pusher motor switch (3-3) is turned on, and the pushing speed is adjusted. The screw pusher (1-4) pushes the sludge through the drying zone (1-3-1), the pyrolysis zone (1-3-2) and the carbonization zone (1-3-3) in sequence to form finished sludge carbon. The pushing speed is determined by the residence time of the sludge in each area of ​​the reaction chamber (1-3). S6: The temperature of the reaction chamber (1-3) during the sludge treatment process is detected by the temperature sensor (3-7). If the detected temperature is lower than the set temperature, the temperature of the carbonization zone is adjusted by the control module (3) by adjusting the air inlet valve (1-9) to reach the set temperature. S7: The finished sludge carbon falls from the reaction chamber (1-3) into the collection hopper (1-10) due to gravity. The presence of sludge carbon is detected by the gravity sensor (3-8). The control module (3) turns on the push rod motor switch (3-4) and the high voltage power switch (3-5) to start spraying the surface treatment solution. S8: The electric motor (2-5) pushes the push rod (2-4) to push the surface treatment solution in the storage tank (2-3) through the spinning nozzle (2-2). The solution is stretched by the jet in the electrostatic field generated by the high voltage power supply (2-1), and is evenly loaded onto the sludge carbon, falling into the collection hopper (1-10). S9: When the gravity sensor (3-8) detects the generation of non-polluting peat, the control module (3) turns off the push rod motor switch (3-4) and the high voltage power switch (3-5) to stop spraying the surface treatment solution.

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