Adhesive composition for battery pack coating applications

Abstract

This application provides an adhesive composition for battery packs comprising a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) at least one cellulose ether. This application also discloses the use of the adhesive composition in battery pack coating applications, including conductive carbon coating compositions for aluminum foil and ceramic coating compositions for battery pack separators.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] One or more processes, steps, methods, products, results, and / or concepts disclosed herein (collectively referred to below as "this disclosure") generally relate to an adhesive composition for battery pack coating applications. More specifically, but not in a limiting way, this disclosure relates to an adhesive composition comprising: a poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer, an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone, and at least one cellulose ether. Background Technology

[0002] Lithium-ion battery packs are used in a wide range of products, including medical devices, electric vehicles, aircraft, and most notably, consumer products such as laptops, mobile phones, and cameras. Due to their high energy density, high operating voltage, and low self-discharge, lithium-ion battery packs have surpassed the secondary battery pack market and continue to find new applications in emerging industries and products.

[0003] Typically, a lithium-ion battery pack (LIB) comprises an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte material, such as an organic solvent containing a lithium salt. More specifically, the anode and cathode (collectively referred to as "electrodes") are formed by mixing the anode or cathode active material with a binder and a solvent to form a paste or slurry, which is then coated onto a current collector, such as aluminum or copper, and dried to form a thin film. The anode and cathode are then layered and coiled, and then placed in a pressurized casing containing the electrolyte material; all these components together form the lithium-ion battery pack.

[0004] Aluminum foil plays a crucial role in lithium-ion battery packs, serving as the current collector for the electrodes. Its primary function is to provide a conductive path for electrons, ensuring efficient electron flow during the charge and discharge cycles of the battery pack. In recent years, carbon-coated aluminum foil has been widely used in popular commercial cathode current collectors. This is because the presence of the conductive carbon coating not only increases the contact area between the electrode material and the aluminum foil but also acts as a buffer layer, enhancing their adhesion. This effectively reduces resistance and suppresses resistance generated during charge and discharge.

[0005] The binder used in carbon coating compositions for aluminum foil plays a crucial role in electrode performance. Currently, the most widely used binder for carbon-coated aluminum foil is polyacrylic acid (PAA), due to the presence of -COOH groups and enhanced adhesion to the aluminum foil substrate. The binder in carbon coating compositions for aluminum foil is critical to electrode performance. Currently, polyacrylic acid (PAA) is one of the most widely used binders for carbon-coated aluminum foil. The presence of -COOH groups in polyacrylic acid binders provides good adhesion to the aluminum foil substrate. Despite advancements in carbon coating technology, current techniques still have significant shortcomings in meeting the high energy density and water resistance requirements of binder materials used in carbon coatings. This is particularly problematic in high-energy-density applications, where the performance of the battery pack depends primarily on the conductivity and durability of the carbon coating.

[0006] The primary function of the separator in a lithium-ion battery pack is to separate the anode and cathode to prevent short circuits, while also allowing ions to shut off the circuit when current flows through the battery pack. The separator typically includes at least one permeable membrane, which usually comprises a non-woven fabric or a polymer film made of, but not limited to, polyolefins.

[0007] The quality of separators is evaluated by several factors, including, for example, the separator's chemical stability, thickness, porosity, pore size, permeability, mechanical strength, wettability, thermal stability, and thermal shutdown. These properties also affect the safety and electrochemical performance of any battery pack using such separators. With the increasing demand for high-performance battery packs, especially lithium-ion battery packs, there is also a need for separators with even better performance. This demand has recently led to the practice of applying polymer coatings and / or ceramic polymer coatings (i.e., "ceramic coatings") to separators to create coated separators with improved safety and electrochemical performance.

[0008] US10205149B2 discloses a coating solution comprising a water-soluble polymer selected from polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, maleic anhydride resin, dextrin, and mixtures thereof.

[0009] US20230178854A1 discloses a method for manufacturing composite spacers using an adhesive composition comprising one or more polymers selected from hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, divinyl ether-maleic anhydride, etc.

[0010] US20240243435A1 discloses a ceramic adhesive composition for forming ceramic-coated spacers, comprising ceramic particles and an adhesive comprising a polymer, said polymer being a copolymer produced from a monomer comprising vinylpyrrolidone and a monomer having a functional group.

[0011] US20180019457A1 discloses a ceramic adhesive composition comprising a copolymer generated from a monomer comprising: (i) vinylpyrrolidone and (ii) at least one monomer having a functional group selected from the group consisting of amines, epoxides and combinations thereof.

[0012] Therefore, there is a need to develop a new adhesive composition for battery pack coating applications that overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and significantly improves the adhesion of carbon-coated layers to aluminum foil substrates. Furthermore, there is a need for advanced adhesive compositions capable of producing ceramic-coated separators with excellent mechanical properties and electrolyte resistance, thereby overcoming the limitations of existing adhesive compositions. Summary of the Invention

[0013] This application provides an adhesive composition for battery packs comprising a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) at least one cellulose ether.

[0014] This application also provides an adhesive composition for a battery pack comprising: (i) a poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) hydroxyethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose.

[0015] This application also provides a battery pack coating composition comprising: (A) a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl ethylene ether-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) at least one cellulose ether; and (B) at least one additive.

[0016] Another aspect of this application discloses a conductive coating composition comprising: (A) a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) at least one cellulose ether; and (B) at least one additive, wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of: conductive agents, wetting agents, thickeners, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, adhesion promoters, surfactants, settling agents, fillers, and pH buffers.

[0017] This application also discloses a ceramic coating composition comprising: (A) a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) at least one cellulose ether; and (B) at least one additive, wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of: ceramic powder, wetting agent, thickener, antifoaming agent, leveling agent, adhesion promoter, surfactant, settling agent, filler, and pH buffer. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings illustrate various embodiments, aspects, and implementations of this disclosure to assist those skilled in the art in making and using the subject matter herein. It should be understood that these figures are for illustrative purposes only. Numerous other embodiments, implementations, modifications, and variations thereof will also be described below, which will be apparent to those skilled in the art and will not depart from the spirit and scope of this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 1 The sample undergoing water resistance testing is shown, in which a carbon-coated aluminum foil sample is immersed in DI water and placed in an oven at 100°C for 30 minutes.

[0020] Figure 2 The sample undergoing an electrolyte solvent resistance test is shown, in which carbon-coated aluminum foil is immersed in a mixture of organic solvents and placed in an oven at 60°C for 72 hours.

[0021] Figure 3 The thermal shrinkage properties of the ceramic coating composition applied to a 6 μm thick polyethylene spacer sample are shown.

[0022] Figure 4 The water resistance test of carbon-coated aluminum foil samples is shown, in which the samples are immersed in DI water and placed in an oven at 100°C for 30 minutes. Detailed Implementation

[0023] Before detailing at least one aspect of the disclosed and / or claimed inventive concept, it should be understood that the application of the disclosed and / or claimed inventive concept is not limited to the construction and arrangement of components, or the details of steps or methods, as set forth in the following description or shown in the accompanying drawings. The disclosed and / or claimed inventive concept can be used in other aspects or practiced or implemented in various ways. Furthermore, it should be understood that the wording and terminology used herein are for descriptive purposes only and should not be considered limiting.

[0024] Unless otherwise defined herein, technical terms used in connection with the disclosed and / or claimed inventive concepts shall have the meanings commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. Furthermore, unless the context requires otherwise, singular terms shall include plural forms, and plural terms shall include singular forms.

[0025] Unless the context explicitly specifies otherwise or the cited context clearly implies the opposite, the singular indefinite articles (“a”, “an”) and definite articles (“the”) include the plural forms. The term “comprising / comprisesof” includes more restrictive terms such as “basically composed of” and “composed of”.

[0026] For the purposes of the following detailed description, except in any operational instance or where otherwise stated, figures indicating the amount of an ingredient as used, for example, in the specification and claims, should be understood to be modified in all cases by the term "about". The numerical parameters set forth in the specification and appended claims are approximate values ​​and may vary depending on the desired properties to be obtained in practicing the invention.

[0027] Unless otherwise stated, all percentages, parts, proportions and ratios used herein are by weight of the total composition. Unless otherwise stated, all such weights relating to the listed ingredients are based on activity levels and therefore do not include solvents or byproducts that may be present in commercially available materials.

[0028] All publications, articles, papers, patents, patent publications and other references cited in this article are incorporated in their entirety for all purposes to the extent consistent with the content disclosed herein.

[0029] The term "at least one / type" is to be understood to include one / type as well as any quantity of more than one / type, including but not limited to 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 100, etc. The term "at least one / type" may be extended to 100 or 1000 or more, depending on the terms attached to it. Furthermore, a quantity of 100 / 1000 should not be considered limiting, as lower or higher limits may also produce satisfactory results.

[0030] As used herein, the words “comprising” (and any of its forms, such as the verb infinitive and third-person singular “comprises”), “having” (and any of its forms, such as the verb infinitive and third-person singular “have”), “including” (and any of its forms, such as the third-person singular “includes” and the verb infinitive “include”), or “containing” (and any of its forms, such as the third-person singular “contains” and the verb infinitive “contain”) are inclusive or open-ended and do not exclude additional, undocumented elements or steps of procedure.

[0031] The terms "branched alkyl group" and "unbranched alkyl group" refer to alkyl groups that can be straight-chain or branched. Branched groups include isopropyl, tert-butyl, etc.

[0032] The terms "preferred," "ideally," and variations thereof refer to embodiments of the invention that provide certain benefits in certain circumstances. However, other embodiments are also preferred in the same or other circumstances. Furthermore, the description of one or more preferred embodiments does not imply that other embodiments are useless, nor is it intended to exclude other embodiments from the scope of the invention.

[0033] Unless the context clearly specifies otherwise, references to “an embodiment,” “an aspect,” “a version,” or “a purpose” in this application include one or more such embodiments, aspects, versions, or purposes.

[0034] The term "polymer" refers to a compound containing repeating structural units (monomers) linked by covalent chemical bonds. Polymers can be further derivatized, crosslinked, grafted, or end-capped. Non-limiting examples of polymers include copolymers, terpolymers, quaternary copolymers, quaternary polymers, and homologues. The term "copolymer" refers to a polymer consisting essentially of two or more monomers of different types (whose polymerization yields the copolymer).

[0035] As used herein, the term "battery pack" includes a single electrochemical cell or unicell, and / or one or more electrochemical cells connected in series and / or parallel, as known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the term "battery pack" includes, but is not limited to, rechargeable battery packs and / or secondary battery packs and / or electrochemical cells. As used herein, "battery pack" may also refer to a device comprising: a positive electrode (cathode) and a negative electrode (anode) (both electrodes comprising carbon nanotube (CNT) material capable of absorbing and desorbing lithium in an electrochemical system, and wherein lithium metal powder is dispersed in the CNTs of the anode or cathode), a separator separating the cathode and anode, and an electrolyte in communication with the cathode and anode. It should also be understood that the term "lithium-ion" battery pack, as used herein and as known in the art, includes rechargeable lithium-ion battery packs or secondary lithium-ion battery packs.

[0036] In one non-limiting embodiment, this application discloses an adhesive composition for a battery pack comprising a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) at least one cellulose ether.

[0037] In another embodiment, the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer used in this application ranges from about 30% to about 35% by weight, or about 35% to about 40% by weight, or about 40% to about 45% by weight, or about 45% to about 50% by weight, or about 50% to about 55% by weight, or about 55% to about 60% by weight, or about 60% to about 65% by weight, or about 65% to about 70% by weight, or about 70% to about 75% by weight, or about 75% to about 80% by weight, or about 80% to about 85% by weight, or about 85% to about 90% by weight, or about 90% to about 95% by weight.

[0038] In another embodiment, the molecular weight of the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer ranges from about 100,000 Daltons to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 300,000 Daltons to about 500,000 Daltons, or about 500,000 Daltons to about 700,000 Daltons, or about 700,000 Daltons to about 900,000 Daltons, or about 900,000 Daltons to about 1,100,000 Daltons, or about 1,100,000 Daltons to about 1,300,000 Daltons. 0,000 Daltons, or about 1,300,000 Daltons to about 1,500,000 Daltons, or about 1,500,000 Daltons to about 1,700,000 Daltons, or about 1,700,000 Daltons to about 1,900,000 Daltons, or about 1,900,000 Daltons to about 2,100,000 Daltons, or about 2,100,000 Daltons to about 2,300,000 Daltons, or about 2,300,000 Daltons to about 2,500,000 Daltons.

[0039] In another embodiment, the alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone is a C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone, and examples of C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone used in this application include, but are not limited to, butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0040] In another embodiment, the C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone copolymer used in this application ranges from about 0.01 wt% to about 5 wt%, or about 5 wt% to about 10 wt%, or about 10 wt% to about 15 wt%, or about 15 wt% to about 20 wt%, or about 20 wt% to about 25 wt%, or about 25 wt% to about 30 wt%, or about 30 wt% to about 35 wt%, or about 35 wt% to about 40 wt%.

[0041] In another embodiment, the butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone copolymer used in this application ranges from about 0.01 wt% to about 5 wt%, or about 5 wt% to about 10 wt%, or about 10 wt% to about 15 wt%, or about 15 wt% to about 20 wt%, or about 20 wt% to about 25 wt%, or about 25 wt% to about 30 wt%, or about 30 wt% to about 35 wt%, or about 35 wt% to about 40 wt%.

[0042] In another embodiment, the cellulose ether used in this application ranges from about 0.01 wt% to about 5 wt%, or about 5 wt% to about 10 wt%, or about 10 wt% to about 15 wt%, or about 15 wt% to about 20 wt%, or about 20 wt% to about 25 wt%, or about 25 wt% to about 30 wt%, or about 30 wt% to about 35 wt%, or about 35 wt% to about 40 wt%, or about 40 wt% to about 45 wt%, or about 45 wt% to about 50 wt%, or about 50 wt% to about 55 wt%, or about 55 wt% to about 60 wt%, or about 60 wt% to about 65 wt%.

[0043] Non-limiting examples of cellulose ethers used in the adhesive compositions of the present invention include hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC), hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HPHEC), methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (CMMC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl cellulose (HMCMC), hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC), and hydrophobically modified... Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMHPC), hydrophobically modified ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMEHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMCMHEC), hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHPHEC), hydrophobically modified methyl cellulose (HMMC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMMHPC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMMHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (HMCMMC), cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HEC), cationic hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HMHEC), and combinations thereof.

[0044] Another embodiment of this application discloses an adhesive composition for a battery pack comprising a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) hydroxyethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose.

[0045] In another embodiment, the adhesive composition of this application is used in a battery pack coating composition, which includes, but is not limited to, an aluminum foil coating composition, an electrode coating composition, a protective layer coating composition, and a spacer coating composition.

[0046] Another embodiment of this application discloses a battery pack coating composition comprising: (A) a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl ethylene ether-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) at least one cellulose ether; and (B) at least one additive.

[0047] In another embodiment, the molecular weight of the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer ranges from about 100,000 Daltons to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 300,000 Daltons to about 500,000 Daltons, or about 500,000 Daltons to about 700,000 Daltons, or about 700,000 Daltons to about 900,000 Daltons, or about 900,000 Daltons to about 1,100,000 Daltons, or about 1,100,000 Daltons to about 1,300,000 Daltons. 0,000 Daltons, or about 1,300,000 Daltons to about 1,500,000 Daltons, or about 1,500,000 Daltons to about 1,700,000 Daltons, or about 1,700,000 Daltons to about 1,900,000 Daltons, or about 1,900,000 Daltons to about 2,100,000 Daltons, or about 2,100,000 Daltons to about 2,300,000 Daltons, or about 2,300,000 Daltons to about 2,500,000 Daltons.

[0048] In another embodiment, the alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone is a C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone, wherein the C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone is a butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0049] Non-limiting examples of cellulose ethers used in the adhesive compositions of the present invention include hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC), hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HPHEC), methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (CMMC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl cellulose (HMCMC), hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC), and hydrophobically modified... Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMHPC), hydrophobically modified ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMEHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMCMHEC), hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHPHEC), hydrophobically modified methyl cellulose (HMMC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMMHPC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMMHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (HMCMMC), cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HEC), cationic hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HMHEC), and combinations thereof.

[0050] Another embodiment of this application discloses a conductive coating composition comprising: (A) a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) at least one cellulose ether; and (B) at least one additive.

[0051] In another embodiment, the molecular weight of the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer ranges from about 100,000 Daltons to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 300,000 Daltons to about 500,000 Daltons, or about 500,000 Daltons to about 700,000 Daltons, or about 700,000 Daltons to about 900,000 Daltons, or about 900,000 Daltons to about 1,100,000 Daltons, or about 1,100,000 Daltons to about 1,300,000 Daltons. 0,000 Daltons, or about 1,300,000 Daltons to about 1,500,000 Daltons, or about 1,500,000 Daltons to about 1,700,000 Daltons, or about 1,700,000 Daltons to about 1,900,000 Daltons, or about 1,900,000 Daltons to about 2,100,000 Daltons, or about 2,100,000 Daltons to about 2,300,000 Daltons, or about 2,300,000 Daltons to about 2,500,000 Daltons.

[0052] In another embodiment, the alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone is a C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone, wherein the C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone is a butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0053] Non-limiting examples of cellulose ethers used in the adhesive compositions of the present invention include hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC), hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HPHEC), methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (CMMC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl cellulose (HMCMC), hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC), and hydrophobically modified... Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMHPC), hydrophobically modified ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMEHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMCMHEC), hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHPHEC), hydrophobically modified methyl cellulose (HMMC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMMHPC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMMHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (HMCMMC), cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HEC), cationic hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HMHEC), and combinations thereof.

[0054] In another embodiment, the amount of the blend of (i) poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer, (ii) alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone and (iii) at least one cellulose ether used in the conductive coating composition of this application ranges from about 15% to about 20% by weight, or about 20% to about 25% by weight, or about 25% to about 30% by weight, or about 30% to about 35% by weight, or about 35% to about 40% by weight, or about 40% to about 45% by weight, or about 45% to about 50% by weight, or about 50% to about 55% by weight.

[0055] Non-limiting examples of additives used in the conductive coating compositions of this application include conductive agents, wetting agents, thickeners, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, adhesion promoters, surfactants, settling agents, fillers, and pH buffers.

[0056] In another embodiment, the conductive agents of this application include, but are not limited to: carbon black, acetylene black, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, carbon nanofibers, graphitized carbon sheets, spherical carbon, amorphous carbon, hard carbon fullerene, graphite, graphene, and graphene nanosheets.

[0057] In another embodiment, the amount of conductive agent used in this application ranges from about 0.01 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, or about 0.5 wt% to about 1.0 wt%, or about 1.0 wt% to about 1.5 wt%, or about 1.5 wt% to about 2.0 wt%, or about 2.0 wt% to about 2.5 wt%, or about 2.5 wt% to about 3.0 wt%, or about 3.0 wt% to about 3.5 wt%, or about 3.5 wt% to about 4.0 wt%, or about 4.0 wt% to about 4.5 wt%, or about 4.5 wt% to about 5.0 wt%, or about 5.0 wt% to about 5.5 wt%, or about 5.5 wt% to about 6.0 wt%, or about 6.0 wt% to about 6.5 wt%.

[0058] Examples of wetting agents used in conductive coating compositions include, but are not limited to: glycols, oxo-alkyne glycols, glycerols, pyrrolidones, alkylaryl polyester alcohols, ethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol, ethylphenyl glycols, polyoxyethylene esters, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl trioleate, fluorinated alkyl hydroxy ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylamines, sulfonates, sodium arylnaphthalene sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfate, or combinations thereof.

[0059] In one non-limiting embodiment, the conductive coating composition of this application is applied to a substrate including aluminum foil, electrodes, battery pack separators, and a protective layer.

[0060] In another non-limiting embodiment, the conductive coating composition of this application is applied by a method selected from the group consisting of blade coating, bar coating, slot coating, dip coating, spin coating, gravure coating and reverse coating.

[0061] Another embodiment of this application discloses a ceramic coating composition comprising: (A) a blend of the following components: (i) a poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; (ii) an alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and (iii) at least one cellulose ether; and (B) at least one additive.

[0062] In another embodiment, the molecular weight of the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer ranges from about 100,000 Daltons to about 300,000 Daltons, or about 300,000 Daltons to about 500,000 Daltons, or about 500,000 Daltons to about 700,000 Daltons, or about 700,000 Daltons to about 900,000 Daltons, or about 900,000 Daltons to about 1,100,000 Daltons, or about 1,100,000 Daltons to about 1,300,000 Daltons. 0,000 Daltons, or about 1,300,000 Daltons to about 1,500,000 Daltons, or about 1,500,000 Daltons to about 1,700,000 Daltons, or about 1,700,000 Daltons to about 1,900,000 Daltons, or about 1,900,000 Daltons to about 2,100,000 Daltons, or about 2,100,000 Daltons to about 2,300,000 Daltons, or about 2,300,000 Daltons to about 2,500,000 Daltons.

[0063] In another embodiment, the alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone is a C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone, wherein the C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone is a butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone.

[0064] Non-limiting examples of cellulose ethers used in the adhesive compositions of the present invention include hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC), hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HPHEC), methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (CMMC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl cellulose (HMCMC), hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC), and hydrophobically modified... Hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMHPC), hydrophobically modified ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMEHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMCMHEC), hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHPHEC), hydrophobically modified methyl cellulose (HMMC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMMHPC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMMHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (HMCMMC), cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HEC), cationic hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HMHEC), and combinations thereof.

[0065] In another embodiment, the amount of the blend of (i) poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer, (ii) alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone and (iii) at least one cellulose ether used in the ceramic coating composition of this application ranges from about 10% to about 15% by weight, or about 15% to about 20% by weight, or about 20% to about 25% by weight, or about 25% to about 30% by weight, or about 30% to about 35% by weight.

[0066] Non-limiting examples of additives used in the ceramic coating compositions of this application include ceramic powders, wetting agents, thickeners, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, adhesion promoters, surfactants, settling agents, fillers, and pH buffers.

[0067] In another embodiment, the ceramic powder of this application includes, but is not limited to, boehmite, alumina, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium hydroxide, barium sulfate, barium titanate, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, nickel oxide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, zirconium carbide, zirconium oxide powder, lanthanum gallate powder, and cerium dioxide powder.

[0068] In another embodiment, the amount of ceramic powder used in this application ranges from about 10% to about 15% by weight, or about 15% to about 20% by weight, or about 20% to about 25% by weight, or about 25% to about 30% by weight, or about 30% to about 35% by weight, or about 35% to about 40% by weight, or about 40% to about 45% by weight, or about 45% to about 50% by weight.

[0069] Examples of wetting agents used in ceramic coating compositions include, but are not limited to: glycols, alkynyl diols, glycerols, pyrrolidones, alkyl aryl polyester alcohols, alkyl ether polyols, ethyl ethers of polyethylene glycol, ethyl phenyl glycols, polyoxyethylene esters, glyceryl monooleate, glyceryl trioleate, fluorinated alkyl hydroxy ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylamines, sulfonates, sodium aryl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, sodium alkyl sulfate, polyether siloxane copolymers, or combinations thereof.

[0070] In another embodiment, the amount of wetting agent used in this application ranges from about 0.01 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, or about 0.5 wt% to about 1.0 wt%, or about 1.0 wt% to about 1.5 wt%, or about 1.5 wt% to about 2.0 wt%, or about 2.0 wt% to about 2.5 wt%, or about 2.5 wt% to about 3.0 wt%, or about 3.0 wt% to about 3.5 wt%, or about 3.5 wt% to about 4.0 wt%, or about 4.0 wt% to about 4.5 wt%, or about 4.5 wt% to about 5.0 wt%.

[0071] In another embodiment, the amount of surfactant used in this application ranges from about 0.01 wt% to about 0.1 wt%, or about 0.1 wt% to about 0.2 wt%, or about 0.2 wt% to about 0.3 wt%, or about 0.3 wt% to about 0.4 wt%, or about 0.4 wt% to about 0.5 wt%, or about 0.5 wt% to about 0.6 wt%, or about 0.6 wt% to about 0.7 wt%, or about 0.7 wt% to about 0.8 wt%, or about 0.8 wt% to about 0.9 wt%, or about 0.9 wt% to about 1.0 wt%, or about 1.0 wt% to about 1.1 wt%, or about 1.1 wt% to about 1.2 wt%, or about 1.2 wt% to about 1.3 wt%, or about 1.3 wt% to about 1.4 wt%, or about 1.4 wt% to about 1.5 wt%.

[0072] In one non-limiting embodiment, the ceramic coating composition of this application is applied to a substrate including aluminum foil, electrodes, battery pack separators, and a protective layer.

[0073] In another embodiment, the ceramic coating composition of this application is applied to a battery pack separator, wherein the substrate is made of a polymeric material including but not limited to polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene (PP / PE / PP).

[0074] In another non-limiting embodiment, the ceramic coating composition of this application is applied by a method selected from the group consisting of blade coating, bar coating, slot coating, dip coating, spin coating, gravure coating and reverse coating.

[0075] Furthermore, certain aspects of this application will be described in detail through the following embodiments. The embodiments given herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0076] Example

[0077] Example 1 Preparation of adhesive compositions based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)

[0078] A homogeneous powder mixture was prepared by blending 7g of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer, 1g of butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 2g of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). The powder mixture was dissolved in DI water using a top-mounted stirrer to form a 10% solution, and then mixed at 1500 rpm for 2 to 4 hours to obtain an adhesive composition.

[0079] Table 1: Adhesive compositions based on hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC)

[0080]

[0081] Example 2 Preparation of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) based adhesive compositions

[0082] A homogeneous powder mixture was prepared by blending 7g of poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer, 1g of butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone, and 2g of hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC). The powder mixture was dissolved in 90mL of DI water using a top-mounted stirrer to form a 10% solution, and mixed at 1500rpm for 2 to 4 hours to obtain the binder composition.

[0083] Table 2: Adhesive compositions based on hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC)

[0084]

[0085] Example 3 A conductive coating composition was prepared using the adhesive from Example 1.

[0086] In a 100 mL container, 1.5 g of the conductive agent according to Tables 3(a), 3(b) and 3(c) was dispersed in 33.5 mL of DI water, and 15 g of the adhesive solution of Example 1 (10% by weight) was added. The mixture was then stirred with a top-mounted stirrer at 2000 rpm for 1 to 2 hours to form a homogeneous slurry.

[0087] Table 3(a): Conductive coating compositions using carbon black and HEC-based binder compositions

[0088]

[0089] Table 3(b): Conductive coating compositions using carbon nanotubes and HEC-based binder compositions

[0090]

[0091] Table 3(c): Conductive coating compositions using graphene and HEC-based adhesive compositions

[0092]

[0093] Example 4 A conductive coating composition was prepared using the adhesive from Example 2.

[0094] In a 100 mL container, 1.5 g of the conductive agent according to Tables 4(a), 4(b) and 4(c) was dispersed in 33.5 mL of DI water, and 15 g of the adhesive solution of Example 2 (10% by weight) was added. The mixture was then stirred with a top-mounted stirrer at 2000 rpm for 1 to 2 hours to form a homogeneous slurry.

[0095] Table 4(a): Conductive coating compositions using carbon black and HPC-based adhesive compositions

[0096]

[0097] Table 4(b): Conductive coating compositions using carbon nanotubes and HPC-based adhesive compositions

[0098]

[0099] Table 4(c): Conductive coating compositions using graphene and HPC-based adhesive compositions

[0100]

[0101] Example 5 Ceramic coating compositions were prepared using the binder of Example 1.

[0102] Add 50g of AlOOH particles to 27.5g of the binder solution from Example 1 and 0.2g of alkyl ether polyol, and then mix with a top-mounted stirrer at 2000rpm for 1 to 2 hours to form a homogeneous slurry.

[0103] Table 5: Ceramic Coating Compositions Using HEC-Based Adhesive Compositions

[0104]

[0105] Example 6 Ceramic coating compositions were prepared using the binder from Example 2.

[0106] Add 50g of AlOOH particles to 27.5g of the adhesive solution from Example 2 and 0.2g of polyether siloxane copolymer, and then mix with an overhead stirrer at 2000rpm for 1 to 2 hours to form a homogeneous slurry.

[0107] Table 6: Ceramic Coating Compositions Using HPC-Based Adhesive Compositions

[0108]

[0109] Example 7 Method for coating a conductive coating composition onto an aluminum foil substrate

[0110] The conductive coating compositions of Examples 3 and 4 were applied to aluminum foil using a wire-wound pull rod to apply the conductive coating composition to the aluminum foil substrate to a thickness of approximately 2 mm. The carbon-coated aluminum foil substrate was then dried at 80°C and conditioned for 3 minutes.

[0111] Example 8 Method for coating a ceramic coating composition onto a spacer substrate

[0112] The ceramic coating compositions of Examples 5 and 6 were applied to (i) a 20 μm thick polypropylene spacer and (ii) a 6 μm thick polyethylene spacer. Using a wire-wound pull rod, the ceramic coating compositions were applied to the spacers to a thickness of approximately 4 μm on the polypropylene spacer and approximately 2 μm and / or 4 μm on the polyethylene spacer. The coated spacers were dried at 80°C and conditioned for 3 minutes.

[0113] Example 9: Method for coating an LFP cathode composition onto a carbon-coated aluminum foil

[0114] Preparation of the coating slurry: A slurry comprising a light-active material (LFP), a binder (e.g., polyvinylidene fluoride, PVDF), and a conductive additive (e.g., carbon black) is prepared. The mixture is stirred to form a homogeneous slurry. For example, using n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent, a slurry comprising 96.5 wt% carbon-coated LFP, 2.5 wt% PVDF binder, and 1 wt% carbon black is prepared. The prepared slurry is then coated onto a carbon-coated aluminum foil current collector using a doctor blade technique. This ensures uniform distribution of the slurry on the foil.

[0115] Table 7: LFP Cathode Compositions

[0116]

[0117] Example 10 Adhesion test of carbon-coated aluminum foil in Example 7

[0118] A 180° peel test was performed using a tensile testing machine (C610M, Labthink), and adhesion measurements were recorded. Carbon-coated aluminum foil samples prepared with the adhesive composition of Example 3 were cut to design dimensions (25 mm wide, 105 mm long) and fixed to a stainless steel plate with 3M double-sided transparent tape. The stainless steel plate was also adhered to the tape. The samples were peeled using a tensile testing machine at a speed of 300 mm / min. The reference sample refers to the carbon-coated aluminum foil sample prepared with the adhesive composition of Example 1 according to Table 8(a). The measured adhesion forces of the prototype incorporating the carbon coating to the aluminum foil substrate and the LFP cathode were 658.98 N and 10.18 N, respectively, significantly higher than the reference adhesion forces to the aluminum foil substrate (469.38 N) and the LFP cathode (5.19 N).

[0119] Table 8(a): Conductive coating compositions based on Example 1 (benchmark)

[0120]

[0121] Table 8(b): Adhesion test measurements

[0122]

[0123] *Viscosity test: using Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, Inc. (Middleboro, Mass.) The viscosity of the slurry compositions listed in Table 4 was measured at 30 rpm using shaft 2 with a viscometer.

[0124] **Adhesion force between pure aluminum foil and LFP cathode: 3.47 N / m.

[0125] Example 11 Adhesion test of carbon-coated aluminum foil using an adhesive composition containing HPC and PVP.

[0126] Adhesion measurements were obtained by performing a 180° peel test using a tensile testing machine (C610M, Labthink). Carbon-coated aluminum foil samples prepared according to the adhesive compositions in Tables 9(a) and 9(b) were cut to the designed dimensions (25 mm wide and 105 mm long) and fixed to a stainless steel plate with 3M double-sided transparent tape. The stainless steel plate was also adhered to the transparent tape. The samples were then peeled using the tensile testing machine at a speed of 300 mm / min.

[0127] Table 9(a) Adhesive compositions based on HPC and butylated PVP (Sample 11A)

[0128]

[0129] Table 9(b) Adhesive compositions based on HPC and PVP (Sample 11B)

[0130]

[0131] Table 9(c): Adhesion test measurements

[0132]

[0133] Example 12 Water resistance test of carbon-coated aluminum foil in Example 7

[0134] The carbon-coated aluminum foil sample from Example 7 was immersed in DI water and placed in an oven at 100°C for 30 minutes. The carbon coating layer did not dissolve and could maintain its integrity, demonstrating good water resistance.

[0135] Example 13 Electrolyte solvent resistance test of carbon-coated aluminum foil in Example 7

[0136] The carbon-coated aluminum foil from Example 7 was immersed in a mixture of organic solvents EC / DMC / DEC = 1:1:1 (EC - ethyl carbonate, DMC - dimethyl carbonate, and DEC - diethyl carbonate) and placed in an oven at 60°C for 72 hours. Figure 2As can be clearly seen, the carbon-coated layer did not dissolve and maintained its integrity, which demonstrates the improved resistance to electrolyte solvents.

[0137] Example 14 Example 8: Gurley porosity test of ceramic-coated aluminum foil

[0138] The Gurley porosity of the ceramic-coated spacers was measured at 50 mL per second using a Gurley densitometer (GURLEY4110N) from Tory Technologies, Inc. Results are expressed as a percentage, with the Gurley porosity measurement for a blank spacer representing 100%. Results for the examples are normalized to a percentage based on the time a given amount of air passes through the spacer. The ideal Gurley porosity measurement for ceramic-coated spacers is equal to or less than 120% compared to a blank polyethylene or polypropylene spacer (100%).

[0139] Table 10: Gurley Porosity Measurements

[0140]

[0141] Example 15 Heat shrinkage test of ceramic-coated aluminum foil

[0142] Heat shrinkage after heat treatment at 150°C for 1 hour: The ceramic slurry composition of Example 5 was coated onto a 6 μm thick polyethylene layer. The load on the spacer was 0.47 mg / cm². 2 Place it at 140℃ for 1 hour to observe coating shrinkage. Figure 3 The shrinkage amount after the above-described ceramic slurry composition was coated onto a polyethylene spacer is shown.

[0143] Example 16 Adhesive compositions of non-alkylated PVP

[0144] Using the adhesive composition in Table 11(a), prepare conductive coating compositions according to Table 11(b).

[0145] Table 11(a): Adhesive Compositions

[0146]

[0147] Table 11(b): Conductive coating formulations

[0148]

[0149] When the formulation does not contain alkylated PVP, the viscosity of the conductive carbon slurry was measured at 440 cps (5% solids), which is significantly higher than that of Example 3, indicating poor dispersibility. (Source: Brookfield Engineering Laboratories, Inc. (Middleboro, Mass.)) The viscosity of the slurry was measured at 30 rpm using shaft 2.

[0150] Example 17 HEC-free adhesive compositions

[0151] Using the adhesive composition in Table 12(a), a conductive coating composition was prepared according to Table 12(b). The conductive coating composition was further coated onto an aluminum foil sample and dried.

[0152] Table 12(a): Adhesive Compositions

[0153]

[0154] Table 12(b): Conductive coating formulations

[0155]

[0156] Example 18 Water resistance test of carbon-coated aluminum foil in Example 17

[0157] The carbon-coated aluminum foil sample from Example 17 was immersed in DI water and placed in an oven at 100°C for 30 minutes. Figure 4 As shown, the carbon coating completely dissolves, indicating significantly poor water resistance.

[0158] While the compositions and methods of the disclosed and / or claimed inventive concepts have been described in detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that variations can be made to the compositions and / or methods described herein, as well as the steps or order of steps of the methods, without departing from the concept, spirit, and scope of the disclosed and / or claimed inventive concepts. All such similar substitutions and modifications that will be apparent to those skilled in the art are considered to be within the spirit, scope, and concept of the disclosed and / or claimed inventive concepts.

Claims

1. An adhesive composition for battery packs, comprising a blend of the following components: i. Poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; ii. Alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and iii. At least one cellulose ether.

2. The adhesive composition of claim 1, wherein the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer has a molecular weight ranging from about 200,000 Daltons to about 2,000,000 Daltons.

3. The adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone is a C2-C8 alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone.

4. The adhesive composition of claim 3, wherein the alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone is butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone.

5. The adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein the cellulose ether is selected from the group consisting of: hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (EHEC), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (CMHEC), hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HPHEC), methyl cellulose (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (MHEC), carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (CMMC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl cellulose (HMCMC), and hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC). Hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMHPC), hydrophobically modified ethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMEHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMCMHEC), hydrophobically modified hydroxypropyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHPHEC), hydrophobically modified methyl cellulose (HMMC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose (HMMHPC), hydrophobically modified methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMMHEC), hydrophobically modified carboxymethyl methyl cellulose (HMCMMC), cationic hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HEC), cationic hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (cationic HMHEC), and combinations thereof.

6. The adhesive composition according to claim 5, wherein the cellulose ether is selected from the group consisting of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC).

7. The adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein (i) the amount of the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer ranges from about 30% to about 90% by weight; (ii) the amount of the alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone ranges from about 0.01% to about 30% by weight; and (iii) the amount of the cellulose ether ranges from about 0.01% to about 60% by weight.

8. The adhesive composition according to claim 1, wherein (i) the amount of the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer ranges from about 50% to about 80% by weight; (ii) the amount of the alkylated polyvinylpyrrolidone ranges from about 0.50% to about 10% by weight; and (iii) the amount of the cellulose ether ranges from about 10% to about 50% by weight.

9. The adhesive composition of claim 1, wherein the adhesive composition is used in a battery pack coating composition selected from the group consisting of: aluminum foil coating compositions, electrode coating compositions, protective layer coating compositions, and separator coating compositions.

10. An adhesive composition for battery packs, comprising a blend of the following components: i. Poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer; ii. Butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone; and iii. Hydroxyethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose.

11. The adhesive composition according to claim 10, wherein (i) the amount of the poly(methyl methacrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer ranges from about 50% to about 80% by weight; (ii) the amount of the butylated polyvinylpyrrolidone ranges from about 0.50% to about 10% by weight; and (iii) the amount of the cellulose ether ranges from about 10% to about 50% by weight.

12. A battery pack coating composition comprising: i. the adhesive composition according to claim 1; and ii. At least one additive.

13. The battery pack coating composition according to claim 12, wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of: conductive agents, ceramic powders, wetting agents, thickeners, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, adhesion promoters, surfactants, settling agents, fillers, and pH buffers.

14. The battery pack coating composition according to claim 12, wherein the coating composition is selected from the group consisting of aluminum foil coating compositions, electrode coating compositions, protective layer coating compositions, and spacer coating compositions.

15. The battery pack coating composition of claim 12, wherein the coating composition is applied by a method selected from the group consisting of blade coating, bar coating, slot coating, dip coating, spin coating, gravure coating and reverse coating.

16. A conductive coating composition for a battery pack, comprising: i. the adhesive composition according to claim 1; and ii. At least one additive.

17. The conductive coating composition of claim 16, wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of: conductive agents, wetting agents, thickeners, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, adhesion promoters, surfactants, settling agents, fillers, and pH buffers.

18. The conductive coating composition according to claim 17, wherein the conductive agent is selected from the group consisting of: carbon black, acetylene black, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, carbon nanofibers, graphitized carbon sheets, spherical carbon, amorphous carbon, hard carbon fullerene, graphite, graphene, and graphene nanosheets.

19. The conductive coating composition of claim 16, wherein the coating composition is applied to a substrate selected from the group consisting of aluminum foil, electrodes, battery separators, and protective layers.

20. The conductive coating composition of claim 19, wherein the substrate is aluminum foil.

21. The conductive coating composition of claim 16, wherein the coating composition is applied by a method selected from the group consisting of blade coating, bar coating, slot coating, dip coating, spin coating, gravure coating and reverse coating.

22. A ceramic coating composition for a battery pack, comprising: i. the adhesive composition according to claim 1; and ii. At least one additive.

23. The ceramic coating composition of claim 22, wherein the additive is selected from the group consisting of: ceramic powder, wetting agent, thickener, antifoaming agent, leveling agent, adhesion promoter, surfactant, settling agent, filler and pH buffer.

24. The ceramic coating composition according to claim 23, wherein the ceramic powder is selected from the group consisting of: boehmite, alumina, magnesium oxide, titanium dioxide, magnesium hydroxide, barium sulfate, barium titanate, zinc oxide, calcium oxide, silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, nickel oxide, tungsten carbide, titanium carbide, zirconium carbide, zirconium oxide powder, lanthanum gallate powder, and cerium dioxide powder.

25. The ceramic coating composition according to claim 23, wherein the wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of glycols, oxalic diols, glycerols, and pyrrolidones.

26. The ceramic coating composition of claim 22, wherein the coating composition is applied to a substrate selected from the group consisting of aluminum foil, electrodes, battery separators and protective layers.

27. The ceramic coating composition of claim 26, wherein the substrate is a battery pack separator, the separator comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene (PP / PE / PP).

28. The ceramic coating composition according to claim 22, wherein the coating composition is applied by a method selected from the group consisting of blade coating, bar coating, slot coating, dip coating, spin coating, gravure coating and reverse coating.

Images