Alkaline electrolysis device based on photovoltaic renewable energy for hydrogen production

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of renewable energy hydrogen production technology, specifically to an alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy. The device includes an electrolyzer and a distributed tensioning mechanism. The distributed tensioning mechanism comprises multiple partitioned clamping plates arranged at intervals along the length of the electrolyzer. Each partitioned clamping plate has several short tie rods circumferentially distributed inside. The outer ends of the two front and rear short tie rods extend to the outer side of the electrolyzer end pressure plate. A double-ended reverse-threaded sleeve is threaded between adjacent short tie rods. Radial clamping components are provided on the front and rear sides of the middle partitioned clamping plate. This invention provides an alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy, which has the advantages of uniformly distributing the clamping force along the axial span of the electrolyzer and possessing autonomous compensation capabilities against gravitational deflection and temperature fluctuations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of renewable energy hydrogen production technology, specifically to an alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy. Background Technology

[0002] Alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production technology is one of the mainstream process routes for producing green hydrogen using renewable energy sources (such as photovoltaic and wind power). Among them, the alkaline electrolyzer with a pressure filter bipolar plate frame structure is widely used in large-scale industrial hydrogen production scenarios due to its advantages such as compact structure, large single-unit hydrogen production capacity, and high working pressure. This structure is usually composed of dozens to hundreds of electrolysis chambers stacked and pressed together, with end pressure plates at both ends. Axial preload is applied by multiple tension bolts evenly distributed along the edge of the end pressure plates, so that the entire tank forms a sealed whole.

[0003] In the long-term use of alkaline electrolyzers for hydrogen production based on renewable energy, the tension bolts are evenly distributed on the edge of the end pressure plate. This causes the clamping force to decrease radially as it is transmitted from both ends to the middle. The constraint stiffness exhibits a non-uniform distribution characteristic of being weak in the middle and strong at both ends. When there are a large number of electrolysis cells (such as more than 350 cells and a single bolt length of more than 7 meters), the electrolysis units in the middle area are prone to sinking and deflecting under the action of gravity. This further aggravates the insufficient compression of the gasket in this area, which in turn leads to serious problems such as sealing failure, alkaline leakage, and even gas leakage. Although existing technology sets disc springs at both ends of the tension bolt, their main function is to absorb axial deformation caused by thermal expansion and contraction and to compensate for the preload decay caused by shim creep over time. However, the disc springs only act on the ends of the bolt and do not improve the stiffness distribution in the spatial dimension, which is weak in the middle and strong at both ends. Summary of the Invention

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy, which has the advantages of uniformly distributing the clamping force across the axial span of the electrolysis cell and having the ability to autonomously compensate for gravitational deflection and temperature fluctuations.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution The above-mentioned technical objective of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: an alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy, comprising an electrolyzer and a distributed tensioning mechanism, wherein the distributed tensioning mechanism comprises multiple partitioned clamping plates, the multiple partitioned clamping plates are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the electrolyzer, each partitioned clamping plate has several short tie rods circumferentially distributed inside, the outer ends of the two short tie rods on the front and rear sides extend to the outer side of the end pressure plate of the electrolyzer, a double-headed reverse threaded sleeve is threaded between two adjacent short tie rods, and radial clamping components are provided on the front and rear sides of the middle partitioned clamping plate; Both ends of the two short pull rods on the front and rear sides are fitted with floating slip rings and disc spring assemblies to the right end of the middle short pull rod. Both ends of the two short pull rods on the front and rear sides are fitted with adjusting nuts to the right end of the middle short pull rod. The disc spring assembly is located between the adjusting nut and the floating slip ring. The side of the middle floating slip ring closest to the partition pressing plate is in close contact with the partition pressing plate. The floating slip rings on the front and rear sides are in close contact with the end pressure plate of the electrolytic cell.

[0006] Using the above technical solution, by setting up a distributed tensioning mechanism, in the initial assembly stage, multiple electrolytic cells of the electrolytic cell are stacked sequentially, and partition clamping plates are placed at predetermined positions (e.g., one for every 30 cells) along the length of the cell. Each partition clamping plate divides the entire cell into multiple axial partitions, and several groups of circumferentially distributed short tie rods are inserted into the tie rod holes of the corresponding partition clamping plates. The leftmost and rightmost short tie rods pass through the left and right end clamping plates, respectively. In the pre-tightening stage, by first rotating each double-ended reverse-threaded sleeve, adjacent short tie rods are simultaneously pulled into the sleeve. Since the threads at both ends of the sleeve rotate in opposite directions, when the sleeve is rotated clockwise, the left and right tie rods are simultaneously pulled towards the center of the sleeve, generating a bidirectional counter-tension effect. When electrolysis... When the temperature of the tank rises, the tie rods in each section thermally elongate, and the disc spring assembly is further compressed to absorb the elongation and maintain the preload force basically constant. When the gasket creep causes the clamping force to decrease, the disc spring assembly automatically releases part of the compression to maintain the gasket compression within the effective range. Moreover, through the radial clamping component set on the outside, when the axial clamping force decay or the tank body deflects downward, it actively generates a radial contraction force. This radial force is converted into an additional axial clamping force through the elastic deformation of the tank body shell, further enhancing the sealing reliability of the middle area. By setting this distributed tensioning mechanism, the traditional centralized tensioning at both ends is changed to multi-segment independent preload. The preload force of each segment can be set independently according to the actual stress requirements of that segment, eliminating the problem of uneven distribution of constraint stiffness with weak middle and strong ends.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that: the partitioned pressing plate includes a partitioned ring plate located between adjacent electrolytic cell electrode frames, the surface of the partitioned ring plate is annularly welded with a plurality of first connecting sleeves, the first connecting sleeves are fitted onto the surface of the short pull rod, the front and rear sides of the partitioned ring plate are provided with sealing grooves, the sealing grooves are provided with sealing gaskets and hollow bladders, the sealing gaskets are in close contact with the side of the electrolytic cell electrode frame, a wave-shaped elastic sheet with an annular structure is provided between the sealing gaskets and the hollow bladders, and a structural skeleton is provided inside the hollow bladders.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, a partitioned clamping plate is set up. The partitioned ring plate, as the main structure of the partitioned clamping plate, is located between two adjacent electrolytic cell pole frames. Several first connecting sleeves welded to its circumference are fitted onto short tie rods, so that the partitioned ring plate and the short tie rods form a stable radial positioning, while allowing the short tie rods to slide relative to each other in the axial direction. On the two end faces of the partitioned ring plate facing the pole frame, an annular sealing groove is opened. When the axial preload is applied to the partitioned ring plate through the short tie rod and the disc spring assembly, the sealing gasket is first compressed to establish an initial seal. As the preload increases, the compression reaction force of the sealing gasket is transmitted to the hollow bladder through the corrugated elastic sheet. The corrugated structure of the corrugated elastic sheet gives it nonlinear stiffness characteristics during compression. The stiffness is low during initial compression, which facilitates the sealing gasket to fit. The stiffness increases during further compression to prevent the sealing gasket from being over-compressed and damaged. The triple sealing structure composed of the sealing gasket, the corrugated elastic sheet and the hollow bladder can ensure the sealing performance between the partitioned clamping plate and the adjacent pole frame.

[0009] The invention is further configured such that: the hollow bladder is filled with compressed air, the sealing gasket is provided with a plurality of strain gauge pressure sensors arranged in a ring, the sealing groove has a trapezoidal cross section, and the sealing gasket and the hollow bladder are located at the near sealing surface end and the far sealing surface end, respectively.

[0010] By utilizing the thermal expansion characteristics of compressed air, the sealing force can be automatically enhanced when the temperature rises without the need for external energy. This perfectly meets the operating requirements of the electrolytic cell during heating and avoids the risk of leakage and contamination that may occur with the liquid expansion medium. The strain gauge pressure sensor enables real-time visualization of the sealing health status, allowing operators to intuitively understand the stress on each sealing interface in the control room. When the stress in a certain area drops abnormally, the system will automatically issue an early warning, achieving real-time monitoring.

[0011] The present invention is further configured such that: the front and rear sides of the partition ring plate are provided with a plurality of positioning grooves in an annular shape, and positioning posts are inserted into the interior of the positioning grooves, and the side of the positioning posts near the electrolytic cell electrode frame is fixedly connected to them.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the positioning of the partition clamping plate and the pole frame is achieved through the cooperation of the positioning column and the positioning groove, which greatly shortens the assembly time of the electrolytic cell and ensures the coaxiality between the partition ring plate and the short tie rod, thus avoiding the bending of the tie rod during pre-tightening due to the eccentricity of the ring plate.

[0013] The present invention is further configured such that: the front and rear sides of the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve are respectively provided with left-hand internal threads and right-hand internal threads; the end of the short pull rod is provided with an external thread adapted to the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve; an electromagnet is provided in the middle of the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve; a magnetic rod is provided on the front and rear sides of the electromagnet and magnetically engaged with it; and the side of the magnetic rod closest to the short pull rod is bolted to it.

[0014] Using the above technical solution, left-hand internal threads and right-hand internal threads are machined at both ends of the inner hole of the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve, and left-hand external threads and right-hand external threads are machined at the corresponding ends of the short pull rods. When the sleeve rotates, the short pull rods at both ends move towards the center of the sleeve simultaneously, producing a bidirectional pulling effect. By setting up the electromagnet and magnetic rod, current can be passed through the electromagnet during normal operation of the electrolytic cell. A certain magnetic attraction force is maintained between the electromagnet and the magnetic rod. The axial component force generated by this attraction force increases the damping of the threaded pair, effectively resisting thread loosening caused by mechanical vibration or pressure fluctuations.

[0015] The present invention is further configured such that: the disc spring assembly is composed of multiple disc springs, each disc spring is coaxially arranged, and adjacent disc springs are arranged opposite to each other in opposite directions.

[0016] Using the above technical solution, multiple disc springs are connected in series and coaxially stacked together in an opposing manner. When the sealing gasket undergoes creep during long-term operation, causing a decrease in the clamping force, the disc spring assembly automatically releases part of the compression to make up for the thickness loss and maintain the clamping force within the effective range. The nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the disc spring assembly make it have low stiffness within a small deformation range, which is beneficial for accurately compensating for small creep.

[0017] The present invention is further configured such that: the radial clamping assembly includes a sleeve ring fitted in the middle of the electrolytic cell; the surface of the sleeve ring is annularly welded with a plurality of second connecting sleeves; the second connecting sleeves are fitted onto the surface of the short tie rod; the inner side of the sleeve ring is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped lobes; a flexible connecting strip is fixedly connected between the ends of two adjacent arc-shaped lobes; a shape memory alloy is embedded in the inner side of the arc-shaped lobes; two flexible cavities are provided between the arc-shaped lobes and the sleeve ring; a locking member is provided on the front side of the sleeve ring; the locking member is used in conjunction with the arc-shaped lobes.

[0018] Using the above technical solution, by setting a radial clamping component, the arc-shaped lobes are connected by flexible connecting strips. This allows for a certain degree of relative movement of the arc-shaped lobes in the circumferential direction while preventing excessive separation between adjacent arc-shaped lobes. When a pressure medium is injected into the flexible cavity, the flexible cavity expands, causing it to push the arc-shaped lobes radially inward to clamp the outer shell of the tank. When the pressure is released, the elastic restoring force of the flexible connecting strips causes the arc-shaped lobes to expand outward. The shape memory alloy is embedded inside the arc-shaped lobes. At room temperature, the shape memory alloy is in the martensitic phase and is in a contracted and folded state. When electrolyzed... When the temperature of the tank rises to the normal operating temperature, the shape memory alloy undergoes a phase transformation and generates recovery stress, which pushes the arc-shaped petals to further contract radially, enhancing the clamping force. The locking element set on the front side of the sleeve ring cooperates with the arc-shaped petals. After the arc-shaped petals have contracted radially to the correct position, the locking element automatically locks, preventing the arc-shaped petals from expanding in the opposite direction under external disturbances. Even if the flexible cavity is depressurized, the locking force can still maintain the clamping state. In this way, the radial contraction force of the arc-shaped petals provides an additional clamping force for the intermediate section, independent of the tensioning system, forming a dual redundancy of axial main clamping and radial auxiliary clamping.

[0019] The invention is further configured such that: the locking member includes a locking ring, the interior of which is circumferentially permeated by a plurality of support rods, the rear end of the support rods being bolted to a sleeve ring, the front end of the support rod surface being sleeved with a compression spring, the rear end of the compression spring abutting against the locking ring, the inner side of the locking ring being circumferentially welded with a plurality of first wedge blocks, the outer side of the arc-shaped petals being welded with second wedge blocks, and the first wedge blocks and the second wedge blocks being engaged by a bevel.

[0020] By employing the above technical solution and by setting a locking component, when the arc-shaped petal is not contracted, there is a gap or only slight contact between the first wedge block and the second wedge block. When the arc-shaped petal contracts radially inward under hydraulic or shape memory alloy drive, the second wedge block moves inward with the arc-shaped petal. Under the push of the compression spring, the first wedge block slides inward along the inclined surface of the second wedge block, and the two always remain in contact. When the arc-shaped petal stops contracting or has a tendency to expand outward, the second wedge block attempts to move outward, pushing the first wedge block to slide outward along the inclined surface. Under the elastic action of the compression spring, the first wedge block cannot be pushed, locking the arc-shaped petal in its current position, thereby ensuring the current position of the arc-shaped petal.

[0021] The present invention is further configured such that: the shape memory alloy is a corrugated strip made of TiNi-based shape memory alloy, the phase transition temperature is 55-65℃, and its length is consistent with the length of the arc-shaped lobe.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the shape memory alloy is constrained in the groove of the arc-shaped petal during installation, and its shrinkage tendency is suppressed, thereby generating huge recovery stress. This stress acts in the radial direction of the arc-shaped petal, pushing the arc-shaped petal to shrink inward, which can further push the arc-shaped petal to shrink radially and enhance the clamping force.

[0023] The invention is further configured such that the interior of the flexible cavity is filled with oil, and each flexible cavity is connected to an external hydraulic hose via a pipeline.

[0024] Using the above technical solution, each flexible cavity is connected by an independent hydraulic hose, which allows for individual adjustment of the clamping force of each arc-shaped petal, compensating for uneven clamping force caused by roundness error or local deformation of the tank shell.

[0025] (III) Beneficial Effects Compared with existing technologies, the present invention provides an alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy, which has the following beneficial effects: This alkaline electrolysis unit for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy features a distributed tensioning mechanism. This mechanism uses multiple partitioned clamping plates spaced along the length of the electrolyzer and replaces traditional ultra-long tensioning bolts with several independent short tie rods. The clamping force within each partition is independently provided by disc spring assemblies at both ends of the corresponding short tie rod, achieving a partitioned clamping force design. This compensates for the sealing pressure loss caused by gravitational deflection and stiffness decay, resulting in more uniform gasket compression across the entire tank. Furthermore, in addition to the axial distributed tensioning, two radial clamping components are added in the middle section of the electrolyzer. Under normal operating conditions, these components act as auxiliary clamping. When the axial tensioning force decreases due to gasket creep or bolt loosening, they actively generate radial contraction force. This radial force is converted into additional axial clamping force through the tank shell, forming a dual design of axial main clamping and radial auxiliary clamping. Even in extreme cases of partial failure of the axial tensioning system, the radial clamping components can still maintain the basic seal of the tank, improving the operational safety of the unit under fluctuating renewable energy conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the electrolytic cell end pressure plate and the distributed tensioning mechanism in this invention; Figure 3 This is a partial connection diagram of the partitioned clamping plate and the electrolytic cell electrode frame in this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the short tie rod and the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the short tie rod and the radial clamping assembly in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the radial clamping assembly in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing a partial connection between the locking component and the sleeve ring and arc-shaped petals in this invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Electrolytic cell; 2. Distributed tensioning mechanism; 21. Partitioned clamping plate; 211. Partitioned ring plate; 212. First connecting sleeve; 213. Sealing groove; 214. Sealing gasket; 215. Hollow bladder; 216. Waveform elastic sheet; 217. Structural skeleton; 22. Short tie rod; 23. Double-ended reverse threaded sleeve; 24. Radial clamping assembly; 241. Fitting ring; 242. Second connecting sleeve; 243. Arc-shaped petal; 244. Flexible connecting strip; 245. Flexible cavity; 246. Shape memory alloy; 247. Locking element; 247a. Locking ring; 247b. Support rod; 247c. Compression spring; 247d. First wedge block; 247e. Second wedge block; 25. Floating slip ring; 26. Disc spring assembly; 27. Adjusting nut; 3. Positioning groove; 4. Positioning post; 5. Electromagnet; 6. Magnetic rod. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figure 1-7 An alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy includes an electrolysis cell 1 and a distributed tensioning mechanism 2. The distributed tensioning mechanism 2 includes multiple partitioned clamping plates 21, which are spaced apart along the length of the electrolysis cell 1. Each partitioned clamping plate 21 has several short tie rods 22 distributed circumferentially inside. The outer ends of the two short tie rods 22 on the front and rear sides extend to the outer side of the end pressure plate of the electrolysis cell 1. A double-headed reverse threaded sleeve 23 is threaded between two adjacent short tie rods 22. Radial clamping components 24 are provided on the front and rear sides of the middle partitioned clamping plate 21. Floating slip rings 25 and disc spring assemblies 26 are sleeved on both ends of the two short pull rods 22 on the front and rear sides and on the right end of the middle short pull rod 22. Adjusting nuts 27 are threaded onto both ends of the two short pull rods 22 on the front and rear sides and on the right end of the middle short pull rod 22. The disc spring assembly 26 is located between the adjusting nut 27 and the floating slip rings 25. The side of the middle floating slip ring 25 closest to the partition clamping plate 21 is in close contact with the partition clamping plate 21. The floating slip rings 25 on the front and rear sides are in close contact with the end pressure plate of the electrolytic cell 1. In the initial assembly stage, the distributed tensioning mechanism 2 stacks multiple electrolytic cells of the electrolytic cell 1 sequentially, and then places partition clamping plates 21 at predetermined positions (e.g., one position for every 30 cells) along the length of the cell. Each partition clamping plate 21 divides the entire cell into multiple axial partitions, and several groups of circumferentially distributed short tie rods 22 are inserted into the tie rod holes of the corresponding partition clamping plates 21. The leftmost and rightmost short tie rods 22 pass through the left end pressure plate and the right end pressure plate, respectively. In the pre-tightening stage, the mechanism first rotates... Each double-ended reverse-threaded sleeve 23 simultaneously pulls adjacent short tie rods 22 inwards. Because the threads at both ends of the sleeve rotate in opposite directions, clockwise rotation of the sleeve pulls both tie rods towards the center of the sleeve, creating a bidirectional pulling effect. When the temperature of the electrolytic cell 1 rises, each tie rod thermally elongates, further compressing the disc spring assembly 26 to absorb the elongation and maintain a relatively constant preload. When gasket creep causes a decrease in clamping force, the disc spring assembly 26 automatically releases part of the compression, maintaining the gasket compression within an effective range. Furthermore, the radial clamping component 24 installed on the outer side actively generates a radial contraction force when it detects the attenuation of the axial clamping force or the downward deflection of the tank body. This radial force is converted into an additional axial clamping force through the elastic deformation of the tank body shell, further enhancing the sealing reliability of the middle area. By setting up this distributed tensioning mechanism 2, the traditional concentrated tensioning at both ends is changed to multi-segment independent pre-tensioning. The pre-tensioning force of each segment can be independently set according to the actual force requirements of that segment, eliminating the problem of uneven distribution of constraint stiffness with weak middle and strong ends.

[0030] The partitioned clamping plate 21 includes a partitioned ring plate 211 located between adjacent electrolytic cell 1 electrode frames. Several first connecting sleeves 212 are annularly welded to the surface of the partitioned ring plate 211. The first connecting sleeves 212 are fitted onto the surface of the short pull rod 22. Sealing grooves 213 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the partitioned ring plate 211. A sealing gasket 214 and a hollow bladder 215 are disposed inside the sealing groove 213. The sealing gasket 214 is in close contact with the side closest to the electrolytic cell 1 electrode frame. A wave-shaped elastic sheet 216 with a ring structure is disposed between the sealing gasket 214 and the hollow bladder 215. A structural skeleton 217 is disposed inside the hollow bladder 215. By setting the partitioned clamping plate 21, the partitioned ring plate 211 serves as the main structure of the partitioned clamping plate 21, located between two adjacent electrolytic cell electrode frames. Several first connecting sleeves 212 welded circumferentially onto the short pull rod 22, causing the partitioned ring plate 211 to be in close contact with the short pull rod. A stable radial positioning is formed between 22, while allowing the short tie rod 22 to slide relative to each other in the axial direction. On the two end faces of the partition ring plate 211 facing the pole frame, an annular sealing groove 213 is opened. When the axial preload is applied to the partition ring plate 211 through the short tie rod 22 and the disc spring assembly 26, the sealing gasket 214 is compressed first to establish an initial seal. As the preload increases, the compression reaction force of the sealing gasket 214 is transmitted to the hollow bladder 215 through the corrugated elastic sheet 216. The corrugated structure of the corrugated elastic sheet 216 gives it nonlinear stiffness characteristics during compression. The stiffness is low during initial compression, which facilitates the sealing gasket 214 to fit. The stiffness increases during further compression to prevent the sealing gasket 214 from being over-compressed and damaged. The triple sealing structure composed of the sealing gasket 214, the corrugated elastic sheet 216 and the hollow bladder 215 can ensure the sealing performance between the partition pressing plate 21 and the adjacent pole frame.

[0031] The hollow capsule 215 is filled with compressed air, and the sealing gasket 214 contains multiple strain gauge pressure sensors arranged in a ring. The sealing groove 213 has a trapezoidal cross-section. The sealing gasket 214 and the hollow capsule 215 are located at the near-sealing end and the far-sealing end, respectively. By utilizing the thermal expansion characteristics of compressed air, the sealing force can be automatically enhanced when the temperature rises without the need for external energy. This perfectly meets the operating conditions of the electrolytic cell 1 during the heating process and avoids the risk of leakage and contamination that may occur due to the expansion of liquid media. The strain gauge pressure sensors enable real-time visualization of the sealing health status. Operators can intuitively understand the stress on each sealing interface in the control room. When the stress in a certain area drops abnormally, the system will automatically issue an early warning, achieving real-time monitoring.

[0032] The partition ring plate 211 has several positioning grooves 3 on its front and rear sides in a ring shape. Positioning posts 4 are inserted into the inside of the positioning grooves 3. The positioning posts 4 are fixedly connected to the side of the electrode frame of the electrolytic cell 1 near the positioning post 4. The cooperation between the positioning post 4 and the positioning groove 3 realizes the rapid and accurate positioning between the partition pressing plate 21 and the electrode frame, which greatly shortens the assembly time of the electrolytic cell 1 and ensures the coaxiality between the partition ring plate 211 and the short tie rod 22, avoiding the bending of the tie rod during pre-tightening due to the eccentricity of the ring plate.

[0033] The double-ended reverse threaded sleeve 23 has left-hand internal threads on its front and right-hand internal threads on its rear sides, respectively. The end of the short pull rod 22 has an external thread adapted to the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve 23. An electromagnet 5 is installed in the middle of the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve 23. Magnetic rods 6 are installed on the front and rear sides of the electromagnet 5, respectively, and are magnetically engaged with it. The side of the magnetic rod 6 closest to the short pull rod 22 is bolted to it. Left-hand internal threads and right-hand internal threads are machined at both ends of the inner hole of the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve 23, respectively. Correspondingly, left-hand external threads and right-hand external threads are machined at the ends of the short pull rod 22, respectively. When the sleeve rotates, the short pull rods 22 at both ends move towards the center of the sleeve simultaneously, producing a bidirectional pulling effect. With the electromagnet 5 and magnetic rods 6 installed, current can be passed through the electromagnet 5 during normal operation of the electrolytic cell 1. A certain magnetic attraction is maintained between the electromagnet 5 and the magnetic rods 6. The axial component of this attraction increases the damping of the threaded pair, effectively resisting thread loosening caused by mechanical vibration or pressure fluctuations.

[0034] The disc spring assembly 26 consists of multiple disc springs, each coaxially arranged, with adjacent disc springs facing each other in opposite directions. The multiple disc springs are connected in series and stacked coaxially. When the sealing gasket 214 undergoes creep during long-term operation, causing a decrease in the clamping force, the disc spring assembly 26 automatically releases part of the compression to compensate for the thickness loss and maintain the clamping force within the effective range. The nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the disc spring assembly 26 enable it to have low stiffness within a small deformation range, which is beneficial for accurately compensating for minute creep.

[0035] The radial clamping assembly 24 includes a sleeve ring 241 fitted in the middle of the electrolytic cell 1. Several second connecting sleeves 242 are annularly welded to the surface of the sleeve ring 241. The second connecting sleeves 242 are fitted onto the surface of the short tie rod 22. Multiple arc-shaped petals 243 are provided on the inner side of the sleeve ring 241. A flexible connecting strip 244 is fixedly connected between the ends of two adjacent arc-shaped petals 243. A shape memory alloy 246 is embedded on the inner side of each arc-shaped petal 243. Two flexible cavities 245 are provided between the arc-shaped petals 243 and the sleeve ring 241. A locking element 247 is provided on the front side of the sleeve ring 241. The locking element 247 works in conjunction with the arc-shaped petals 243. By providing the radial clamping assembly 24, the arc-shaped petals 243 are connected by the flexible connecting strip 244, allowing for a certain degree of relative movement of the arc-shaped petals 243 in the circumferential direction while preventing excessive separation of adjacent arc-shaped petals 243. When a pressure medium is injected into the flexible cavity 245, the flexible cavity 245 expands, causing... It pushes the arc-shaped petal 243 to contract radially inward, gripping the outer shell of the tank. When the pressure is released, the elastic restoring force of the flexible connecting strip 244 drives the arc-shaped petal 243 to expand outward. The shape memory alloy 246 is embedded inside the arc-shaped petal 243. At room temperature, the shape memory alloy is in the martensitic phase and is in a contracted and folded state. When the temperature of the electrolytic cell 1 rises to the normal operating temperature, the shape memory alloy undergoes a phase transformation and generates restoring stress, which pushes the arc-shaped petal 243 to further contract radially, enhancing the gripping force. It also cooperates with the arc-shaped petal 243 through the locking member 247 set on the front side of the sleeve ring 241. After the arc-shaped petal 243 is radially contracted to the position, the locking member 247 automatically locks to prevent the arc-shaped petal 243 from expanding in the opposite direction under external disturbance. Even if the flexible cavity 245 is depressurized, the locking force can still maintain the gripping state. In this way, the radial contraction force of the arc-shaped petal 243 provides an additional clamping force for the intermediate section that is independent of the tensioning system, forming a dual redundancy of axial main clamping and radial auxiliary clamping.

[0036] The locking element 247 includes a locking ring 247a. Several support rods 247b are annularly inserted inside the locking ring 247a. The rear ends of the support rods 247b are bolted to the sleeve ring 241. A compression spring 247c is sleeved on the front end of the support rod 247b. The rear end of the compression spring 247c abuts against the locking ring 247a. Several first wedge blocks 247d are annularly welded to the inner side of the locking ring 247a. Second wedge blocks 247e are welded to the outer side of the arc-shaped petal 243. The first wedge blocks 247d and second wedge blocks 247e are engaged by a bevel. By providing the locking element 247, when the arc-shaped petal 243 is not retracted, the first wedge blocks 247d and second wedge blocks 247e are locked together. There is a gap or only slight contact between the two. When the arc-shaped petal 243 retracts radially inward under hydraulic or shape memory alloy drive, the second wedge block 247e moves inward with the arc-shaped petal 243. The first wedge block 247d slides inward along the inclined surface of the second wedge block 247e under the push of the compression spring 247c. The two always remain in contact. When the arc-shaped petal 243 stops retracting or has a tendency to expand outward, the second wedge block 247e attempts to move outward, pushing the first wedge block 247d to slide outward along the inclined surface. Under the elastic action of the compression spring 247c, the first wedge block 247d cannot be pushed, locking the arc-shaped petal 243 in the current position, thereby ensuring the current position of the arc-shaped petal 243.

[0037] Among them, the shape memory alloy 246 is a corrugated strip made of TiNi-based shape memory alloy with a phase transformation temperature of 55-65℃. Its length is consistent with the length of the arc-shaped lobe 243. When installed, the shape memory alloy 246 is constrained in the groove of the arc-shaped lobe 243, and its shrinkage tendency is suppressed, thereby generating huge recovery stress. This stress acts in the radial direction of the arc-shaped lobe 243, pushing the arc-shaped lobe 243 to shrink inward, which can further push the arc-shaped lobe 243 to shrink radially and enhance the clamping force.

[0038] The flexible cavity 245 is filled with oil, and each flexible cavity 245 is connected to an external hydraulic hose through a pipeline. Each flexible cavity 245 is connected by an independent hydraulic hose, which allows for individual adjustment of the clamping force of each arc-shaped petals 243 to compensate for uneven clamping force caused by roundness error or local deformation of the tank shell.

[0039] The working principle of this embodiment is as follows: In the initial assembly stage, the electrolytic chamber and the partition clamping plate 21 are stacked alternately. Each partition clamping plate 21 divides the tank into multiple axial partitions. The circumferentially distributed short tie rods 22 are inserted into the first connecting sleeve 212 of the corresponding partition clamping plate 21. The end of the outermost short tie rod 22 passes through the end pressure plate. The positioning post 4 and the positioning groove 3 cooperate to realize the quick alignment of the partition ring plate 211 and the pole frame, ensuring coaxiality. Then, by rotating the double-headed reverse threaded sleeve 23, since the threads at both ends of the sleeve turn in opposite directions, the adjacent short tie rods 22 are simultaneously tightened towards the center of the sleeve during rotation, generating a bidirectional pull effect. By adjusting the nut 27, the initial compression of the disc spring assembly 26 is set so that the preload of the middle partition is greater than that of the two end partitions, directly compensating for the uneven stiffness of the weak middle and strong ends. The sealing gasket 214 is compressed to establish an initial seal, and the wave elastic sheet 216 transmits the pressure to the hollow bladder 215. The wedge effect of the trapezoidal sealing groove 213 prevents the gasket from being extruded. When the electrolytic cell 1 heats up, the short tie rod 22 thermally elongates, and the disc spring assembly 26 further compresses and absorbs deformation, maintaining the preload force basically constant. The compressed air in the hollow bladder 215 expands due to heat, pushing the wave-shaped elastic plate 216 to enhance the sealing pressure, so that the higher the temperature, the tighter the seal. At the same time, the strain gauge pressure sensor monitors the sealing stress in real time, and the system automatically issues an early warning when the stress in a certain area drops abnormally. When the axial pressure in the middle section decreases, the hydraulic station injects oil into the flexible cavity 245, pushing the arc-shaped petals 243 to radially contract and tighten the outer shell of the cell. When the temperature of the electrolytic cell 1 rises to 55-65℃, the shape memory alloy 246 undergoes a phase transformation to generate recovery stress, further increasing the clamping force. The first wedge block 247d and the second wedge block 247e of the locking member 247 maintain the clamping state through the inclined surface self-locking, forming axial and radial double redundancy.

[0040] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Those skilled in the art can make modifications to this embodiment without contributing any inventive step after reading this specification. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy, comprising an electrolyzer (1) and a distributed tensioning mechanism (2), characterized in that: The distributed tensioning mechanism (2) includes multiple partitioned clamping plates (21), which are arranged at intervals along the length of the electrolytic cell (1). Each partitioned clamping plate (21) has several short tie rods (22) distributed circumferentially inside. The outer ends of the two short tie rods (22) on the front and rear sides extend to the outer side of the end pressure plate of the electrolytic cell (1). A double-headed reverse threaded sleeve (23) is threaded between two adjacent short tie rods (22). Radial clamping components (24) are provided on the front and rear sides of the middle partitioned clamping plate (21). The two ends of the two short pull rods (22) on the front and rear sides and the right end of the middle short pull rod (22) are all fitted with floating slip rings (25) and disc spring groups (26). The two ends of the two short pull rods (22) on the front and rear sides and the right end of the middle short pull rod (22) are all threaded with adjusting nuts (27). The disc spring group (26) is located between the adjusting nut (27) and the floating slip ring (25). The side of the middle floating slip ring (25) close to the partition pressing plate (21) is in close contact with the partition pressing plate (21). The floating slip rings (25) on the front and rear sides are in close contact with the end pressure plate of the electrolytic cell (1).

2. The alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The partitioned clamping plate (21) includes a partitioned ring plate (211) located between the electrode frames of adjacent electrolytic cells (1). The surface of the partitioned ring plate (211) is welded with a plurality of first connecting sleeves (212). The first connecting sleeves (212) are fitted onto the surface of the short pull rod (22). The front and rear sides of the partitioned ring plate (211) are provided with sealing grooves (213). The sealing grooves (213) are provided with sealing gaskets (214) and hollow capsules (215) inside. The sealing gaskets (214) are in close contact with the side of the electrode frame of the electrolytic cell (1). A wave-shaped elastic sheet (216) with a ring structure is provided between the sealing gaskets (214) and the hollow capsules (215). The hollow capsules (215) are provided with a structural skeleton (217) inside.

3. The alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hollow capsule (215) is filled with compressed air, and the sealing gasket (214) is provided with multiple strain gauge pressure sensors arranged in a ring. The sealing groove (213) has a trapezoidal cross section. The sealing gasket (214) and the hollow capsule (215) are located at the near sealing surface end and the far sealing surface end, respectively.

4. An alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the partition ring plate (211) are provided with a number of positioning grooves (3) in a ring shape. Positioning posts (4) are inserted into the inside of the positioning grooves (3). The positioning posts (4) are fixedly connected to the side of the electrode frame of the electrolytic cell (1).

5. An alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front and rear sides of the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve (23) are respectively provided with left-hand internal threads and right-hand internal threads. The end of the short pull rod (22) is provided with an external thread adapted to the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve (23). An electromagnet (5) is provided in the middle of the double-ended reverse threaded sleeve (23). A magnetic rod (6) is provided on the front and rear sides of the electromagnet (5) to magnetically cooperate with it. The magnetic rod (6) is bolted to the side of the short pull rod (22) near it.

6. An alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The disc spring assembly (26) consists of multiple disc springs, each disc spring is coaxially arranged, and two adjacent disc springs are arranged opposite each other in opposite directions.

7. An alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial clamping assembly (24) includes a sleeve ring (241) fitted in the middle of the electrolytic cell (1). The surface of the sleeve ring (241) is welded with several second connecting sleeves (242). The second connecting sleeves (242) are fitted on the surface of the short pull rod (22). The inner side of the sleeve ring (241) is provided with multiple arc-shaped petals (243). A flexible connecting strip (244) is fixedly connected between the ends of two adjacent arc-shaped petals (243). The inner side of the arc-shaped petals (243) is embedded with a shape memory alloy (246). Two flexible cavities (245) are provided between the arc-shaped petals (243) and the sleeve ring (241). A locking member (247) is provided on the front side of the sleeve ring (241). The locking member (247) is used in conjunction with the arc-shaped petals (243).

8. An alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The locking component (247) includes a locking ring (247a), and a plurality of support rods (247b) are circumferentially inserted inside the locking ring (247a). The rear end of the support rods (247b) is bolted to the sleeve ring (241). A compression spring (247c) is sleeved on the front end of the surface of the support rods (247b). The rear end of the compression spring (247c) abuts against the locking ring (247a). A plurality of first wedge blocks (247d) are circumferentially welded to the inner side of the locking ring (247a). A second wedge block (247e) is welded to the outer side of the arc-shaped petal (243). The first wedge blocks (247d) and the second wedge blocks (247e) are engaged by a bevel.

9. An alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy (246) is a corrugated strip made of TiNi-based shape memory alloy with a phase transition temperature of 55-65℃ and its length is consistent with the length of the arc-shaped lobe (243).

10. An alkaline electrolysis device for hydrogen production based on photovoltaic renewable energy according to claim 7, characterized in that: The interior of the flexible cavity (245) is filled with oil, and each flexible cavity (245) is connected to an external hydraulic hose via a pipeline.

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