An inertial-electromagnetic damping type nonlinear track vibration damper device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of vibration damper technology, specifically an inertial-electromagnetic damping type nonlinear track vibration damper device. The invention includes a housing and a motion guide rail. The housing contains a gear transmission structure, and externally, a rotary electromagnetic damping structure. The gear transmission structure includes a main gear and two meshing gears: a right-side primary transmission gear and a left-side primary transmission gear. The right-side primary transmission gear meshes with a right-side secondary transmission gear with more teeth, and the left-side primary transmission gear meshes with a left-side secondary transmission gear with more teeth. This invention employs a three-stage transmission system: from the right-side secondary transmission gear to the right-side primary transmission gear to the main gear, and from the left-side secondary transmission gear to the left-side primary transmission gear to the main gear. This two-stage speed-increasing transmission significantly increases the output speed to the rotating main shaft, greatly reducing the overall weight of the device while increasing inertia and enhancing vibration absorption capacity, thus breaking through the bottleneck of traditional "weight increase and efficiency improvement" methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of vibration damper technology, specifically to an inertial-electromagnetic damping type nonlinear track vibration damper device. Background Technology

[0002] Large engineering structures such as bridges, high-rise buildings, offshore platforms, and wind turbine towers are prone to harmful vibrations under the loads of wind, waves, and traffic, which affect structural safety and user comfort. Therefore, effective vibration reduction devices are required for vibration control.

[0003] However, existing dynamic vibration absorbers based on linear elements such as springs or wire ropes have fixed stiffness and mass parameters, resulting in optimal vibration reduction only around a single frequency. This narrow vibration reduction bandwidth makes them unsuitable for the wide-frequency vibration requirements of large structures with complex frequency variations. Especially for low-frequency structures like wind turbine towers, theoretically, large-mass, low-stiffness vibration absorbers are needed to match their low-order frequencies. Furthermore, achieving low stiffness using traditional linear elements like springs or wire ropes often leads to material fatigue, easy damage, and short lifespan. Simultaneously, to achieve sufficient inertial vibration absorption, traditional devices typically rely on increasing physical mass, resulting in bulky structures that do not meet the practical requirements of compact internal space and lightweight auxiliary equipment in wind turbine towers. Moreover, while optimized design using linear elements like springs or wire ropes can provide geometric nonlinearity, it often occupies a large space, limiting installation adaptability and reducing material durability. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an inertial-electromagnetic damping type nonlinear track vibration damper device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: An inertial-electromagnetic damping type nonlinear track vibration damper device includes a housing and a motion guide rail. The motion guide rail is designed with a specific curvature shape so that when the housing and the internal gear transmission structure, which are inertial masses, reciprocate on the guide rail, a nonlinear restoring force is generated. The geometry of the guide rail is specially designed so that the system exhibits nonlinear stiffness characteristics. By adjusting the geometric dimensions, trajectory curvature, and other parameters of the motion guide rail, different nonlinear stiffnesses can be achieved, i.e., different nonlinear forces can be output. The housing is equipped with a gear transmission structure, and a rotary electromagnetic damping structure is provided on the outside. The gear transmission structure includes a main gear and a right-side primary transmission gear and a left-side primary transmission gear that mesh with it; the right-side primary transmission gear meshes with a right-side secondary transmission gear with more teeth, and the left-side primary transmission gear meshes with a left-side secondary transmission gear with more teeth; the right-side secondary transmission gear and the left-side secondary transmission gear are symmetrically arranged and mesh with an external motion guide rail. The shock absorber device also includes a rotating main shaft, the middle section of which is located inside the housing and connected to the main gear via a key, with both ends extending out of the housing; The rotary electromagnetic damping structure includes an electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnet fixed to the outer wall of the box, an electromagnetic damping copper disk fixedly fitted to the extended end of the rotating main shaft, and at least one circular counterweight. The electromagnetic damping copper disk is located in the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnet.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom of the box is provided with a counterweight fixing stud, the counterweight fixing stud has external threads, and the counterweight is installed by a locking nut.

[0007] Preferably, the electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnets are multiple pieces and are fixedly mounted on the magnet tray in a ring array, and the magnet tray is fixed to the protrusion on the outer wall of the box.

[0008] Preferably, the right secondary transmission gear, the right primary transmission gear, the left secondary transmission gear, and the left primary transmission gear are all mounted on their respective transmission gear shafts by keys, and the two ends of each transmission gear shaft are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing by bearings.

[0009] Preferably, the extended end of the rotary spindle is machined with external threads and a shaft milling flattening structure; the electromagnetic damping copper disk and the disc counterweight are provided with hole flattening positions that match the shaft milling flattening structure; a limiting spring is sleeved on the rotary spindle, and anti-scratch washers are fixedly connected to both ends of the limiting spring, with the two anti-scratch washers respectively fixed on the opposite side of the magnet tray and the electromagnetic damping copper disk.

[0010] In addition to preventing scratches, the anti-scratch washers also prevent direct contact and friction between the limit spring and the magnet tray and electromagnetic damping copper disc, extending the service life of the limit spring and ensuring the stability of the gap adjustment.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the rotating spindle is threaded, and passes through the magnet tray, the electromagnetic damping copper disk and the disc counterweight in sequence, and is threadedly connected to a fixing nut for positioning the electromagnetic damping copper disk and the disc counterweight.

[0012] Preferably, the shock absorber device also includes a cover shell, which is bolted to the outer surface of the housing and covers the rotary electromagnetic damping structure.

[0013] Preferably, the shock absorber device also includes a shock absorber mounting head, which is connected to both ends of the motion guide rail by bolts and is provided with mounting clips.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the housing is provided with a transmission gear shaft connection hole for installing the transmission gear shaft, and the center of both sides is provided with a main gear shaft connection hole for installing the rotating main shaft.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: I. This invention achieves wide-frequency vibration reduction and nonlinear stiffness adaptation: Through the meshing transmission of the right secondary transmission gear, the left secondary transmission gear and the nonlinear profile motion guide rail, the nonlinear stiffness characteristics of the guide rail can be introduced into the system, thereby enabling flexible design of stiffness curves according to the vibration spectrum of large structures, effectively covering a wide frequency range of vibration from low frequency to mid frequency, and solving the pain point of poor wide-frequency adaptability of existing devices.

[0016] II. This invention achieves a synergy between lightweight design and high-efficiency inertia: It employs a three-stage transmission system, consisting of a right-side secondary transmission gear to a right-side primary transmission gear to the main gear, and a left-side secondary transmission gear to a left-side primary transmission gear to the main gear. This two-stage speed-increasing transmission significantly improves the output speed to the rotating spindle. Under this high-speed rotation, even a relatively small disc counterweight can generate significant rotational inertia (apparent mass), thus "simulating a large mass with a small mass." This significantly reduces the overall weight of the device while enhancing inertial vibration absorption capacity, breaking through the bottleneck of traditional "weight-increasing efficiency improvements."

[0017] Third, this invention improves the control precision and energy efficiency of electromagnetic damping: by tightening / loosening the fixing nut at the end of the rotating spindle, the electromagnetic damping copper disk is driven to move axially along the milled structure of the spindle, thereby compressing / stretching the limiting spring and realizing precise adjustment of the air gap. This achieves dynamic optimization adjustment of the magnitude of the electromagnetic damping force, which significantly improves the energy dissipation efficiency and makes the vibration reduction precision easier to control, solving the problems of fixed damping parameters and insufficient adaptability of existing devices.

[0018] IV. This invention constructs a multi-mechanism synergistic composite vibration reduction system: This invention organically integrates a nonlinear stiffness adaptation mechanism, an adjustable electromagnetic damping energy dissipation mechanism, and a lightweight inertial capacitance vibration absorption mechanism through a housing and a rotating spindle. The nonlinear stiffness mechanism achieves energy capture and transfer under broadband excitation, the lightweight inertial capacitance mechanism efficiently absorbs and stores vibration energy, and the adjustable electromagnetic damping mechanism stably converts the stored kinetic energy into heat dissipation. The three work synergistically to form a highly efficient vibration reduction chain of "capture-storage-dissipation," overcoming the limitations of a single energy dissipation mechanism.

[0019] V. This invention features a counterweight fixing stud at the bottom of the housing, which can be used to install counterweights of different masses. This design allows the device to flexibly adjust the mass of the entire device as a moving slider according to the vibration characteristics of different main structures and the working conditions of the motion guide rail. By increasing or decreasing the mass of the counterweight, the ideal slider mass required by different structures can be matched, thus optimizing the dynamic characteristics of the nonlinear meshing transmission. At the same time, concentrating the main additional mass at the bottom of the housing effectively lowers the overall center of gravity of the device, enhancing its stability and smoothness during movement along the motion guide rail, ensuring the reliability of gear meshing transmission, and thereby improving the adaptability and working efficiency of the entire vibration damping system in different application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Front view of the middle housing and motion guide rail; Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the central motion guide rail section; Figure 4 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the mounting head of the vibration damping device; Figure 5 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Structural diagram of the middle box section; Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 Structural diagram of the middle box being removed; Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 6 Side view of the central magnet tray and electromagnetic damping copper disk section; Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the middle box section.

[0021] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Housing; 2. Cover; 3. Motion guide rail; 4. Vibration damping device mounting head; 5. Counterweight; 6. Magnet tray; 7. Electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnet; 8. Electromagnetic damping copper disc; 9. Circular counterweight; 10. Rotating spindle; 11. Housing fixing hole; 12. Housing outer wall boss; 13. Cover fixing screw hole; 14. Main gear shaft connection hole; 15. Transmission gear shaft connection hole; 16. Counterweight fixing stud; 1601. Locking nut; 17. Cover positioning hole; 18. Right side secondary transmission gear; 19. Right side primary transmission gear; 20. Main gear; 21. Left side secondary transmission gear; 22. Left side primary transmission gear; 23. Transmission gear shaft; 24. Fixing nut; 25. Anti-scratch washer; 26. Limit spring; 27. Mounting buckle. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] This invention relates to a rotary electromagnetic damping track vibration isolator, primarily suitable for vibration suppression in large structures such as high-rise buildings, long-span bridges, heavy industrial equipment, floating wind power platforms, large cable structures, and rail transit bridges. It is particularly well-suited for structural scenarios experiencing wide-frequency, high-amplitude vibrations due to excitations from earthquakes, strong winds, equipment operating loads, traffic loads, and marine environmental disturbances. It can effectively suppress low- to mid-frequency vibration responses, meeting the core requirements of large structures for wide-frequency adaptability, lightweight design, and stability in vibration damping devices. Furthermore, by adjusting the mass disk specifications, internal electromagnetic damping parameters, and nonlinear track stiffness curve, it can flexibly adapt to the vibration characteristics of different structures, and can also be extended to the wide-frequency vibration damping field of small and medium-sized precision equipment, offering both targeted and flexible application scenarios.

[0024] This invention, named Electromagnetic Damping Nonlinear Dynamic Vibration Absorber, is an inertial-electromagnetic damping type nonlinear vibration damper for tracks. It is used to solve the problems of poor wideband adaptability, difficulty in balancing lightweight and performance, insufficient damping control precision, and poor synergistic energy dissipation effect of existing large-structure vibration damping devices.

[0025] This device mainly consists of three parts: ①The first part is the gear structure inside the housing 1: There are five gears inside the housing 1, namely the right secondary transmission gear 18, the right primary transmission gear 19, the main gear 20, the left secondary transmission gear 21, and the left primary transmission gear 22. The right secondary transmission gear 18 and the left secondary transmission gear 21 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main gear 20, and the number of teeth of the right secondary transmission gear 18 and the left secondary transmission gear 21 is greater than the number of teeth of the main gear 20. The right primary transmission gear 19 and the left primary transmission gear 22 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main gear 20. The right secondary transmission gear 18 and the right primary transmission gear 19 mesh with each other, and the number of teeth of the right secondary transmission gear 18 is greater than the number of teeth of the right primary transmission gear 19. The left secondary transmission gear 21 and the left primary transmission gear 22 mesh with each other, and the number of teeth of the left secondary transmission gear 21 is greater than the number of teeth of the left primary transmission gear 22. The right primary transmission gear 19 and the left primary transmission gear 22 both mesh with the main gear 20. All of the above gears adopt involute tooth profile. Taking advantage of their constant transmission ratio, the rotational speed is gradually increased in the two-stage transmission from the right secondary transmission gear 18 to the right primary transmission gear 19 and from the left secondary transmission gear 21 to the left primary transmission gear 22. Finally, the rotation after the two speed increases is transmitted to the rotating spindle 10 through the main gear 20.

[0026] The right secondary transmission gear 18, the right primary transmission gear 19, the left secondary transmission gear 21, and the left primary transmission gear 22 are respectively mounted on a transmission gear shaft 23. The transmission gear shaft 23 is connected to the corresponding gear with a key. The two ends of the transmission gear shaft 23 are embedded in the inner wall of the housing 1 and are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing 1 through rolling bearings. The main gear 20 is keyed to the inner part of the rotating main shaft 10. The outer surface of the rotating main shaft 10 is rotatably connected to the housing 1 through rolling bearings.

[0027] The overall structure is based on the vibration of the main system to which the device is attached, which causes the right secondary transmission gear 18 and the left secondary transmission gear 21 to mesh with the motion guide rail 3 to perform gear and rack transmission and drive the entire device to move. After being transmitted by the right primary transmission gear 19 and the left primary transmission gear 22, the transmission finally reaches the main gear 20 and drives the coaxial rotating main shaft 10, thereby driving the second part to operate.

[0028] ② Second part - External rotating electromagnetic damping structure of box 1: The electromagnetic damping structure outside box 1 is a left-right symmetrical structure, all installed on the rotating spindle 10. The part of the rotating spindle 10 outside box 1 is all machined with external threads and milled flat. Corresponding holes are machined for the electromagnetic damping copper disc 8 and the disc counterweight 9 corresponding to the flat position of the rotating spindle 10. First, the magnet tray 6 is installed on the boss 12 on the outer wall of the box. The electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnet 7 is fixed on the magnet tray 6 with bolts. There are ten electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnets 7 in total, arranged in a ring array. Then, the upper limit spring 26 and the electromagnetic damping copper disc 8 are sequentially fitted on the rotating spindle 10. The two ends of the limit spring 26 are fixedly connected with anti-scratch washers 25. The two anti-scratch washers 25 are respectively fixed on the magnet tray 6 and the electromagnetic damping copper disc 8 on opposite sides. The flatness of the holes of the electromagnetic damping copper disc 8 and the disc counterweight 9 needs to match the flatness of the shaft of the rotating spindle 10 to ensure synchronous rotation. After the rotating spindle 10 passes through the electromagnetic damping copper disc 8 and the disc counterweight 9, it is positioned by using the fixing nut 24 and the threaded connection at the end of the rotating spindle 10. Then, the cover 2 is put on and fixed to the outer surface of the box 1 with bolts.

[0029] The rotation brought about by the rotating main shaft 10 drives the coaxial electromagnetic damping copper disk 8 and the disc counterweight 9 to rotate. The disc counterweight 9 converts the high speed of the rotating main shaft 10 into rotational kinetic energy and stores it in its own high-speed rotation. Then, the electromagnetic damping copper disk 8 cuts the magnetic field lines generated by the electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnet 7, thereby generating a continuous reverse damping force. This gradually consumes the rotational kinetic energy stored in the disc counterweight 9 caused by the vibration of the main system and dissipates it in the form of heat energy, thus playing the role of vibration absorption and damping.

[0030] To eliminate the impact of the reverse inertial torque that may be generated by the high-speed rotation of the disc counterweight 9 on the gear system, this invention adopts multiple mechanical protection mechanisms: First, the continuous reverse braking force provided by the rotary electromagnetic damping structure is used to offset the inertial torque of the disc counterweight 9 and the electromagnetic damping copper disk 8 in real time, so that the rotation state of the rotating main shaft 10 is dominated by the vibration input of the main system, rather than driven in the reverse direction; Second, the irreversible structural constraint of the involute meshing between the right secondary transmission gear 18, the right primary transmission gear 19, the main gear 20, the left secondary transmission gear 21, and the left primary transmission gear 22 restricts the reverse power transmission from the mechanical transmission level, jointly ensuring the forward stability of the gear transmission and preventing reverse motion failure. According to the actual working conditions, a disc counterweight 9 of appropriate weight can be installed and the extension and contraction of the limit spring 26 can be adjusted to control the gap between the electromagnetic damping stator (magnetic tray 6 and electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnet 7) and the rotor (electromagnetic damping copper disk 8 and disc counterweight 9).

[0031] ③ Part Three – External Installation Structure and Bottom Mass Block Installation: The vibration damping device mounting head 4 is connected and fixed to both ends of the motion guide rail 3 by bolts, and the mounting buckles 27 on the vibration damping device mounting head 4 meet the installation requirements of the actual working conditions. At the bottom of the housing 1, a stud 16 with an external thread is fixed by a counterweight block. After the counterweight block 5 is installed, it is fixed with a locking nut 1601. Adding the counterweight block 5 can optimize the overall center of gravity and weight distribution of the device. After the weight is increased, the connection between the device and the main structure is more stable. It can efficiently bear the vibration energy transmitted by the main structure and smoothly transmit it to the internal gear transmission, mass disk and electromagnetic damping module, ensuring that each vibration absorption link plays a stable role and avoiding energy transmission loss.

[0032] The inner wall of the housing 1 has a transmission gear shaft connection hole 15. The two ends of the transmission gear shaft 23 are rotatably connected to the transmission gear shaft connection hole 15 through bearings. The center of both sides of the housing 1 has a main gear shaft connection hole 14. The two ends of the rotating main shaft 10 pass through the main gear shaft connection hole 14, and the outer surface of the rotating main shaft 10 and the main gear shaft connection hole 14 are rotatably connected through bearings. The top of the housing 1 has a housing fixing hole 11. The housing 1 can be fixed to the external mechanism by bolts passing through the housing fixing hole 11. The outer surface of the housing 1 has a cover fixing screw hole 13. The cover 2 can be fixed to the housing 1 by bolts passing through the cover 2 and threaded onto the cover fixing screw hole 13. The cover 2 is used to cover the electromagnetic damping copper disk 8 and the magnet tray 6 and other components, providing them with protection.

[0033] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims

1. An inertial-electromagnetic damping type track nonlinear damper device comprising a box (1) and a motion guide rail (3), characterized in that, The housing (1) is equipped with a gear transmission structure inside and a rotary electromagnetic damping structure outside; The gear transmission structure includes a main gear (20) and a right-side primary transmission gear (19) and a left-side primary transmission gear (22) that mesh with it; the right-side primary transmission gear (19) meshes with the right-side secondary transmission gear (18) which has more teeth, and the left-side primary transmission gear (22) meshes with the left-side secondary transmission gear (21) which has more teeth; the right-side secondary transmission gear (18) and the left-side secondary transmission gear (21) are symmetrically arranged and mesh with the external motion guide rail (3); The damper device also includes a rotating spindle (10), the middle section of which is located inside the housing (1) and connected to the main gear (20) via a key, with both ends extending outside the housing (1); The rotary electromagnetic damping structure includes an electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnet (7) fixed to the outer wall of the box (1), an electromagnetic damping copper disk (8) fixedly fitted to the extended end of the rotating main shaft (10), and at least one circular counterweight (9). The electromagnetic damping copper disk (8) is located in the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnet (7).

2. The inertia-electromagnetic damping type rail non-linear damper device according to claim 1, wherein The bottom of the box (1) is provided with a counterweight fixing stud (16), which has external threads and a counterweight (5) is installed by a locking nut (1601).

3. The inertia-electromagnetic damping type rail non-linear damper device according to claim 1, wherein The electromagnetic damping circular permanent magnet (7) consists of multiple pieces, which are fixedly installed in a ring array on the magnet tray (6). The magnet tray (6) is fixed on the boss (12) on the outer wall of the box (1).

4. The inertia-electromagnetic damping type rail non-linear damper device according to claim 1, wherein The right secondary transmission gear (18), the right primary transmission gear (19), the left secondary transmission gear (21) and the left primary transmission gear (22) are all mounted on their respective transmission gear shafts (23) by keys, and the two ends of each transmission gear shaft (23) are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the housing (1) by bearings.

5. The inertia-electromagnetic-damper type rail non-linear damper device according to claim 3, wherein The extended end of the rotating spindle (10) is machined with external threads and a shaft milling flat structure; the electromagnetic damping copper disk (8) and the disc counterweight (9) are provided with holes that match the shaft milling flat structure; a limiting spring (26) is sleeved on the rotating spindle (10), and anti-scratch washers (25) are fixedly connected to both ends of the limiting spring (26), and the two anti-scratch washers (25) are respectively fixed on the opposite side of the magnet tray (6) and the electromagnetic damping copper disk (8).

6. The inertia-electromagnetic-damper type rail non-linear damper device according to claim 5, wherein The end of the rotating spindle (10) is threaded, passing through the magnet tray (6), the electromagnetic damping copper disc (8) and the disc counterweight (9) in sequence, and is threaded with a fixing nut (24) for positioning the electromagnetic damping copper disc (8) and the disc counterweight (9).

7. The inertia-electromagnetic-damper type rail non-linear damper device according to claim 1, wherein The shock absorber device also includes a cover (2), which is fixed to the outer surface of the housing (1) by bolts and covers the rotating electromagnetic damping structure.

8. The inertia-electromagnetic-damper type rail non-linear damper device according to claim 1, wherein The damper device also includes a damper mounting head (4), which is connected to both ends of the motion guide rail (3) by bolts and is provided with mounting buckles (27).

9. The inertial-electromagnetic damping type nonlinear track vibration damper device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The inner wall of the housing (1) is provided with a transmission gear shaft connection hole (15) for installing the transmission gear shaft (23), and the center of both sides is provided with a main gear shaft connection hole (14) for installing the rotating main shaft (10).

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