Internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system

Abstract

This invention provides a combined cycle heat pump system based on an internal combustion engine, belonging to the field of heat pump technology. Externally, there are air and fuel passages connecting to the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine also has a gas passage connecting to the outside via a high-temperature steam generator and a low-temperature steam generator. The internal combustion engine also has a cooling medium passage connecting to the outside. The compressor has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the heater. The heater connects to the low-temperature steam generator via a booster pump. The heater connects to the evaporator via a throttling valve. The evaporator connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector. The low-temperature steam generator connects to the high-pressure steam inlet of the ejector. The ejector connects to the compressor. Externally, there is a liquid medium pipeline connecting to the high-pressure steam inlet of the second ejector via a second booster pump and a high-temperature steam generator. Externally, there is a heated medium passage connecting to the low-pressure steam inlet of the second ejector via the heater. The second ejector also has a user steam passage connecting to the outside. The evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium passage connecting to the outside, forming a combined cycle heat pump system based on an internal combustion engine.

Description

Technical fields:

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of thermodynamics and heat pump technology. Background technology:

[0002] People need cold / heat / steam / power in their lives and production processes. Using heat pump technology to obtain cold / heat / steam / power is an important means to achieve efficient and high-value energy utilization. In practical applications, the operating parameters, performance index, manufacturing cost, adaptability and utilization level of heat resources of heat pumps need to be comprehensively considered.

[0003] High-quality fuels, typically represented by natural gas, gasoline, and diesel, are high-temperature heat sources with temperatures exceeding several thousand degrees Celsius. Achieving efficient and high-value utilization of these fuels in refrigeration, heating, steam production, and power generation presents a significant technical challenge.

[0004] Vapor compression heat pump technology, which operates on the principle of reverse Rankine cycle, has the advantage of being able to achieve constant-temperature heat absorption; however, meeting the demand for high-parameter heating or steam is technically challenging.

[0005] An ejector is a pressure-boosting component that effectively utilizes high-temperature heat resources. It has the advantages of simple structure, reliable operation, low investment and long service life. In addition, compared with compressors, ejectors are more adaptable to the compression of wet steam.

[0006] Based on the fundamental principle of simple and efficient use of high-quality fuels for refrigeration / heating / steam production / power, this invention presents a combined cycle heat pump system for internal combustion engines that integrates technologies, has a reasonable process, a simple structure, and achieves rationalized performance indices. Summary of the Invention:

[0007] The main objective of this invention is to provide a combined cycle heat pump system for internal combustion engines. The specific contents of the invention are described in detail below:

[0008] 1. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system mainly consists of an internal combustion engine, a high-temperature steam generator, a low-temperature steam generator, a compressor, a heater, a booster pump, a throttle valve, an evaporator, an injector, a second booster pump, and a second injector. It has an external air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine, an external fuel passage connecting to the internal combustion engine, a gas passage connecting the high-temperature and low-temperature steam generators before connecting to the outside, a cooling medium passage connecting the internal combustion engine to the outside, a refrigerant vapor passage connecting the compressor to the heater, a condensate line connecting the heater to the low-temperature steam generator via the booster pump, and a condensate line connecting the heater to the evaporator via the throttle valve. The generator also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector; the low-temperature steam generator also has a steam channel connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the ejector; the ejector also has a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor channel connected to the compressor; externally, a liquid medium pipeline connects to the high-temperature steam generator via a second booster pump; the high-temperature steam generator then has a steam channel connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the second ejector; externally, a heated medium channel connects to the heater and then to the low-pressure steam inlet of the second ejector; the second ejector also has a user steam channel connected to the outside; the evaporator also has a low-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside; the internal combustion engine connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0009] 2. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator. The heating element is changed from having a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve to having a condensate line connected to the evaporator via the regenerator and the throttling valve. The injector is changed from having a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor to having a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor via the regenerator, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0010] 3. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator. The refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator passes through the regenerator and then connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector. The condensate pipe of the heater connected to the evaporator through a throttling valve is adjusted so that the condensate pipe of the heater passes through the regenerator and the throttling valve and then connects to the evaporator, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0011] 4. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator and a second regenerator. The refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator is adjusted to connect to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector, while the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator is adjusted to connect to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector after passing through the second regenerator. The condensate pipe of the heater is adjusted to connect to the evaporator through a throttling valve, while the condensate pipe of the heater is adjusted to connect to the evaporator after passing through the regenerator, the second regenerator, and the throttling valve. The refrigerant vapor passage of the injector is adjusted to connect to the compressor, while the refrigerant vapor passage of the injector is adjusted to connect to the compressor after passing through the regenerator, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0012] 5. The internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is the same as the first internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system, but with the addition of a regenerator, an expander, and a second heater. The compressor's refrigerant vapor passage is adjusted to connect to the heater, and then splits into two paths: the first path connects to the heater, and the second path connects to the expander. The expander also has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the regenerator, and then to the compressor via an intermediate port. The heater's condensate line is adjusted to connect to the evaporator via a throttling valve, and now the heater has a refrigerant medium line (either fully condensed or partially condensed) connecting to the evaporator via the regenerator and the throttling valve. The second heater also has a heated medium passage connecting to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0013] 6. The internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is the first internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system, with the addition of a regenerator, a second regenerator, an expander, and a second heater. The evaporator's refrigerant vapor passage is adjusted to connect to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector, then via the second regenerator to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector. The compressor's refrigerant vapor passage is adjusted to connect to the heater, then via the second heater, and then split into two paths—the first path connects to the heater, and the second path connects to the expander. The expander also has a refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the regenerator, then to the compressor via an intermediate port. The heater has a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve, adjusted to have a refrigerant medium line (whether fully condensed or partially condensed) connecting to the evaporator via the regenerator, the second regenerator, and the throttling valve. The second heater also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. The expander connects to the compressor and transmits power, forming the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0014] 7. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a two-phase expander to replace the throttle valve in any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 1-6. The two-phase expander is connected to the compressor and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0015] 8. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a nozzle and replacing the throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 1-6, thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0016] 9. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a nozzle and replacing the throttle valve to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 5-6, adding a dual-energy compressor and replacing the compressor, and adding an expander speed increaser and replacing the expander.

[0017] 10. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The heating unit is changed from having a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve to having a condensate line connected to the steam distribution chamber via a nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor through an intermediate port, and the steam distribution chamber also has a condensate line connected to the evaporator via a throttling valve, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0018] 11. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 1, with the addition of a regenerator, a nozzle, and a steam distribution chamber. The evaporator is modified so that the refrigerant vapor passage connecting to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector is changed to the evaporator having a refrigerant vapor passage that connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector after passing through the regenerator. The heater is modified so that the condensate line connecting to the evaporator through a throttling valve is changed to the heater having a condensate line connecting to the steam distribution chamber through the nozzle. The steam distribution chamber also has a refrigerant vapor passage that connects to the compressor through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber also has a condensate line that connects to the evaporator through the regenerator and the throttling valve, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0019] 12. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a second nozzle and replacing the throttle valve to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system described in item 10 or 11, thereby forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0020] 13. An internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system is any one of the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump systems described in items 1-12, with the addition of an air compressor and a high-temperature regenerator. The external air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine is adjusted to connect the external air passage to the internal combustion engine via the air compressor and the high-temperature regenerator. The internal combustion engine's gas passage connecting to the high-temperature steam generator is adjusted to connect the internal combustion engine to the high-temperature steam generator via the high-temperature regenerator. The internal combustion engine is connected to the air compressor and transmits power, thus forming an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system. Attached image description:

[0021] Figure 1 This is a first principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a second principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a third principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is the fourth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is the fifth principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is the sixth principle thermodynamic system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0027] Figure 7 This is the seventh principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0028] Figure 8 This is the eighth principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 9 This is the ninth principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0030] Figure 10 This is the tenth principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0031] Figure 11 This is the 11th principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 12 This is the 12th principle thermal system diagram of the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 13 This is the 13th principle thermal system diagram of an internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system provided by the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram, 1-internal combustion engine, 2-high temperature steam generator, 3-low temperature steam generator, 4-compressor, 5-heater, 6-boost pump, 7-throttle valve, 8-evaporator, 9-ejector, 10-second boost pump, 11-second ejector, 12-regenerator, 13-second regenerator, 14-expander, 15-second heater, 16-two-phase expander, 17-nozzle, 18-dual-energy compressor, 19-expander speed increaser, 20-steam separator, 21-second nozzle, A-air compressor, B-high temperature regenerator. Detailed implementation method:

[0035] First, it should be noted that the structure and process are not repeated unless necessary, and obvious processes are not described. The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0036] Figure 1 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0037] (1) Structurally, it mainly consists of an internal combustion engine, a high-temperature steam generator, a low-temperature steam generator, a compressor, a heater, a booster pump, a throttle valve, an evaporator, an injector, a second booster pump, and a second injector. Externally, it has an air passage connected to the internal combustion engine 1, and an external fuel passage connected to the internal combustion engine 1. The internal combustion engine 1 also has a gas passage connected to the high-temperature steam generator 2 and the low-temperature steam generator 3 before connecting to the outside. The internal combustion engine 1 also has a cooling medium passage connected to the outside. The compressor 4 has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the heater 5. The heater 5 also has a condensate pipeline connected to the low-temperature steam generator 3 via the booster pump 6, and the heater 5 also has a condensate pipeline connected to the evaporator 8 via the throttle valve 7. Evaporator 8 also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of ejector 9. Low-temperature steam generator 3 also has a steam channel connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of ejector 9. Ejector 9 also has a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor channel connected to compressor 4. An external liquid medium pipeline connects to high-temperature steam generator 2 via second booster pump 10. High-temperature steam generator 2 then has a steam channel connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of second ejector 11. An external heated medium channel connects to heater 5 and then to the low-pressure steam inlet of second ejector 11. Second ejector 11 also has a user steam channel connected to the outside. Evaporator 8 also has a low-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. Internal combustion engine 1 is connected to compressor 4 and transmits power.

[0038] (2) In terms of process, external air enters the internal combustion engine 1, and external fuel enters the internal combustion engine 1. The fuel and air complete a series of processes, including combustion and expansion, in the cylinder of the internal combustion engine 1. The exhaust gas emitted by the internal combustion engine 1 flows through the high-temperature steam generator 2 and the low-temperature steam generator 3 and gradually releases heat before being discharged to the outside. The cooling medium flows through the cooling cylinder liner of the internal combustion engine 1 to carry away the exhaust cooling heat load. The refrigerant vapor emitted by the compressor 4 enters the heater 5 to release heat and condense. Then it is divided into two paths - the first path flows through the booster pump 6 to be pressurized and then enters the low-temperature steam generator 3 to absorb heat and vaporize. The second path flows through the throttle valve 7 to be depressurized and cooled and then enters the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize. The steam generated by the low-temperature steam generator 3 enters the injector 9 through the high-pressure steam inlet. The high-pressure steam flows through the nozzle to reduce pressure and increase speed and form a low pressure. The refrigerant vapor emitted by the evaporator 8 is drawn into the low-pressure area of ​​the injector 9. After the two steam paths are mixed, they flow through the diffuser to reduce speed and increase pressure to form medium-pressure refrigerant vapor, and then enter the compressor 4 to boost the refrigerant vapor. The heating medium flows through the heater 5 and absorbs heat to vaporize as the pressure increases. The liquid medium flows through the second booster pump 10 for pressurization, then flows through the high-temperature steam generator 2 for heat absorption and vaporization. Afterward, it enters the second injector 11 through the high-pressure steam inlet. The high-pressure steam flows through the nozzle to reduce pressure and increase speed, forming a low-pressure system. The steam generated by the heater 5 is drawn into the low-pressure zone of the second injector 11. After the two steam streams mix, they flow through the diffuser to reduce speed and increase pressure, forming medium-pressure steam, which is then supplied to the user. Fuel provides driving heat load through combustion, and low-temperature heat medium provides low-temperature heat load through the evaporator 8. The user receives steam-type heat load. Air and gas carry away the exhaust heat load through the inlet and outlet processes, and cooling medium carries away the exhaust cooling heat load through the inlet and outlet processes of the internal combustion engine 1. The mechanical energy output by the internal combustion engine 1 is supplied to the compressor 4 as power, or the mechanical energy output by the internal combustion engine 1 is supplied to the compressor 4 and the external environment as power, or the internal combustion engine 1 and the external environment jointly provide power to the compressor 4, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0039] Figure 2 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0040] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, the condensate pipe of the heater 5 is connected to the evaporator 8 via the throttle valve 7, which is adjusted to allow the condensate pipe of the heater 5 to connect to the evaporator 8 via the regenerator 12 and the throttle valve 7. The refrigerant vapor passage of the injector 9 is connected to the compressor 4, which is adjusted to allow the refrigerant vapor passage of the injector 9 to connect to the compressor 4 via the regenerator 12.

[0041] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the regenerator 12 to release heat and cool down, flows through the throttling valve 7 to reduce pressure and temperature, and then enters the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the injector 9 flows through the regenerator 12 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the compressor 4 to increase pressure and temperature, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0042] Figure 3 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0043] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, the refrigerant vapor passage of evaporator 8 connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of injector 9 is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of evaporator 8 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of injector 9 after passing through regenerator 12. The condensate line of heater 5 connected to evaporator 8 through throttling valve 7 is adjusted so that the condensate line of heater 5 is connected to evaporator 8 after passing through regenerator 12 and throttling valve 7.

[0044] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the regenerator 12 to release heat and cool down, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the regenerator 12 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the injector 9 through the low-pressure steam inlet to increase pressure and temperature, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0045] Figure 4 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0046] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a regenerator and a second regenerator are added. The refrigerant vapor passage of evaporator 8 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of injector 9. The refrigerant vapor passage of evaporator 8 is then connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of injector 9 via the second regenerator 13. The condensate line of heater 5 is connected to evaporator 8 via throttle valve 7. The condensate line of heater 5 is then connected to evaporator 8 via regenerator 12, second regenerator 13 and throttle valve 7. The refrigerant vapor passage of injector 9 is connected to compressor 4. The refrigerant vapor passage of injector 9 is then connected to compressor 4 via regenerator 12.

[0047] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the regenerator 12 and the second regenerator 13 to gradually release heat and cool down, flows through the throttling valve 7 to reduce pressure and temperature, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 13 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the ejector 9 through the low-pressure steam inlet to increase pressure and temperature; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the ejector 9 flows through the regenerator 12 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the compressor 4 to increase pressure and temperature, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0048] Figure 5 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0049] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system shown, a regenerator, an expander, and a second heater are added. The compressor 4 is adjusted so that it has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the heater 5, and then the refrigerant vapor channel of the compressor 4 is connected to the second heater 15, which is then split into two paths—the first path connects to the heater 5 and the second path connects to the expander 14. The expander 14 also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the regenerator 12, and then connected to the compressor 4 through an intermediate port. The heater 5 has a condensate line connected to the evaporator 8 through a throttling valve 7, and the heater 5 has a refrigerant medium line that is either fully condensed or partially condensed, which is connected to the evaporator 8 through the regenerator 12 and the throttling valve 7. The second heater 15 also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside. The expander 14 is connected to the compressor 4 and transmits power.

[0050] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference lies in the following: the refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 4 flows through the second heater 15 to release heat and cool down, and then splits into two paths—the first path enters the heater 5 to release heat and then condenses completely or partially; the second path flows through the expander 14 to reduce pressure and do work, flows through the regenerator 12 to absorb heat and heat up, and enters the compressor 4 through the intermediate air intake port to increase pressure and temperature; the refrigerant medium discharged from the heater 5 is split into two paths—the first path flows through the booster pump 6 to be pressurized and then enters the low-temperature steam generator 3 to absorb heat and vaporize; the second path flows through the regenerator 12 and releases heat, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and temperature, and then the evaporator 8 absorbs heat and vaporizes; the heated medium obtains a medium-temperature heat load through the second heater 15, and the mechanical energy output by the expander 14 provides power to the compressor 4, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0051] Figure 6 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0052] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1In the internal combustion engine-type combined cycle heat pump system shown, a regenerator, a second regenerator, an expander, and a second heater are added. The refrigerant vapor passage of evaporator 8 is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of injector 9, and the refrigerant vapor passage of evaporator 8 is adjusted to connect to the low-pressure steam inlet of injector 9 after passing through the second regenerator 13. The refrigerant vapor passage of compressor 4 is connected to heater 5, and the refrigerant vapor passage of compressor 4 is adjusted to connect to the second heater 15, and then split into two paths—the first path connects to heater 5 and the second path connects to expander 14. Expander 14 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to regenerator 12, and then connected to compressor 4 through an intermediate port. The condensate pipeline of heater 5 is connected to evaporator 8 through throttle valve 7, and the refrigerant medium pipeline of heater 5, whether fully condensed or not fully condensed, is adjusted to connect to evaporator 8 after passing through regenerator 12, second regenerator 13, and throttle valve 7. The second heater 15 also has a heated medium passage connected to the outside. Expander 14 is connected to compressor 4 and transmits power.

[0053] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference lies in the following: The refrigerant vapor discharged from the compressor 4 flows through the second heater 15 to release heat and cool down, and then splits into two paths—the first path enters the heater 5 to release heat and then condenses completely or partially; the second path flows through the expander 14 to reduce pressure and do work, flows through the regenerator 12 to absorb heat and heat up, and enters the compressor 4 through the intermediate air intake port to increase pressure and temperature; the refrigerant medium discharged from the heater 5 is split into two paths—the first path flows through the booster pump 6 to increase pressure and then enters the low-temperature steam generator 3 to absorb heat and vaporize; the second path flows through the regenerator 12 and the second regenerator 13 and gradually releases heat, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and cool down, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 13 to absorb heat and heat up, and then enters the ejector 9 to increase pressure and temperature; the heated medium obtains a medium-temperature heat load through the second heater 15, and the mechanical energy output by the expander 14 provides power to the compressor 4, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0054] Figure 7 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0055] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, a two-phase expander 16 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7. The two-phase expander 16 is connected to the compressor 4 and transmits power.

[0056] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the two-phase expander 16 to reduce pressure and do work, and then enters the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize; the mechanical energy output by the two-phase expander 16 provides power to the compressor 4 to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0057] Figure 8 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0058] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a nozzle 17 is added and the throttle valve 7 is replaced.

[0059] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the nozzle 17 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0060] Figure 9 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0061] (1) Structurally, in Figure 6 In the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, a nozzle 17 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7, a dual-energy compressor 18 is added and replaces the compressor 4, and an expander speed increaser 19 is added and replaces the expander 14.

[0062] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 6 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the condensate discharged from the second regenerator 13 flows through the nozzle 17 to reduce pressure and increase speed, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the second regenerator 13 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the ejector 9 to increase pressure and temperature; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the second heater 15 is divided into two paths - the first path enters the heater 5, and the second path flows through the expander speed increaser 19 to reduce pressure and do work and increase speed, flows through the regenerator 12 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and enters the dual-energy compressor 18 to increase pressure and temperature and reduce speed, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0063] Figure 10 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0064] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber are added. The condensate pipe of the heater 5 is connected to the evaporator 8 through the throttle valve 7. The heater 5 is adjusted to have a condensate pipe connected to the steam distribution chamber 20 through the nozzle 17. The steam distribution chamber 20 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor 4 through the intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber 20 also has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator 8 through the throttle valve 7.

[0065] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the nozzle 17 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam distribution chamber 20 for gas-liquid separation; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the steam distribution chamber 20 enters the compressor 4 through the intermediate port to increase pressure and temperature, and the condensate discharged from the steam distribution chamber 20 flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and temperature before entering the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0066] Figure 11 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0067] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a regenerator, nozzle, and steam distribution chamber are added. The refrigerant vapor passage of evaporator 8 connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of injector 9 is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of evaporator 8 connects to the low-pressure steam inlet of injector 9 after passing through regenerator 12. The condensate line of heater 5 connected to evaporator 8 through throttle valve 7 is adjusted so that heater 5 connects to steam distribution chamber 20 through nozzle 17. Steam distribution chamber 20 also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to compressor 4 through an intermediate port. Steam distribution chamber 20 also has a condensate line connected to evaporator 8 through regenerator 12 and throttle valve 7.

[0068] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: the second condensate discharged from the heater 5 flows through the nozzle 17 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the steam distribution chamber 20 for gas-liquid separation; the refrigerant vapor discharged from the steam distribution chamber 20 enters the compressor 4 through the intermediate port to increase pressure and temperature; the condensate discharged from the steam distribution chamber 20 flows through the regenerator 12 to release heat and reduce temperature, flows through the throttle valve 7 to reduce pressure and reduce temperature, flows through the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, flows through the regenerator 12 to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters the injector 9 to increase pressure and increase temperature, thus forming the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0069] Figure 12 The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0070] (1) Structurally, in Figure 11 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, a second nozzle 21 is added and replaces the throttle valve 7.

[0071] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 11 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that the condensate discharged from the regenerator 12 flows through the second nozzle 21 to reduce pressure and increase speed, and then enters the evaporator 8 to absorb heat and vaporize, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0072] Figure 13The combined cycle heat pump system shown is implemented as follows:

[0073] (1) Structurally, in Figure 1 In the internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system shown, an air compressor and a high-temperature regenerator are added. The external air passage connecting to the internal combustion engine 1 is adjusted to connect the external air passage to the internal combustion engine 1 via the air compressor A and the high-temperature regenerator B. The internal combustion engine 1 gas passage connecting to the high-temperature steam generator 2 is adjusted to connect the internal combustion engine 1 gas passage to the high-temperature steam generator 2 after passing through the high-temperature regenerator B. The internal combustion engine 1 is connected to the air compressor A and transmits power.

[0074] (2) In terms of process, with Figure 1 Compared to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system shown, the difference is that: external air flows through air compressor A to increase pressure and temperature, flows through high-temperature regenerator B to absorb heat and increase temperature, and then enters internal combustion engine 1; the gas emitted by internal combustion engine 1 flows through high-temperature regenerator B, high-temperature steam generator 2 and low-temperature steam generator 3 to gradually release heat and decrease temperature, and then is discharged to the outside; internal combustion engine 1 provides power to air compressor A, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

[0075] The effects achievable by this invention—the internal combustion engine-based combined cycle heat pump system proposed in this invention has the following effects and advantages:

[0076] (1) New ideas and technologies for utilizing temperature difference are presented.

[0077] (2) The fuel forms a high-grade heat source, which is utilized step by step and in depth, significantly improving energy utilization efficiency.

[0078] (3) New technologies for the efficient and high-value utilization of high-quality fuels in refrigeration / heating / steam / power production and combined cooling / heating / steam / power supply are presented.

[0079] (4) When necessary, external power can be used to raise the temperature of thermal energy, which is flexible and adaptable.

[0080] (5) The compressor and the ejector jointly obtain the low temperature heat load, which significantly improves the heating parameters or reduces the compressor's pressure boosting share.

[0081] (6) Provide reasonable regeneration technology to effectively improve the coordination of the device in terms of load, performance index, and pressure ratio.

[0082] (7) The injector enables efficient utilization of gas emission heat load and temperature increase of low temperature heat load, which relatively reduces the size of the compressor and effectively reduces the manufacturing cost of the device.

[0083] (8) The process is reasonable, the structure is simple, the manufacturing cost is low, and the system economy is effectively improved.

[0084] (9) Provides a variety of specific technical solutions that can cope with many different actual situations, which is conducive to expanding the application scope and value of internal combustion engine combined cycle heat pump system technology.

Claims

1. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system, mainly composed of an internal combustion engine, a high-temperature steam generator, a low-temperature steam generator, a compressor, a heater, a booster pump, a throttle valve, an evaporator, an injector, a second booster pump, and a second injector; it has an external air passage connected to the internal combustion engine (1), an external fuel passage connected to the internal combustion engine (1), a gas passage connected to the high-temperature steam generator (2) and the low-temperature steam generator (3) before connecting to the outside, a cooling medium passage connected to the outside, a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor (4) connected to the heater (5), a condensate line connected to the low-temperature steam generator (3) via a booster pump (6), and a condensate line connected to the evaporator (8) via a throttle valve (7). There is also a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (9), a low-temperature steam generator (3) connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (9), the ejector (9) connected to the compressor (4) via a medium-pressure refrigerant vapor channel, and an external liquid medium pipeline connected to the high-temperature steam generator (2) via the second booster pump (10). The high-temperature steam generator (2) then has a steam channel connected to the high-pressure steam inlet of the second ejector (11), and an external heated medium channel connected to the heater (5) and then connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the second ejector (11). The second ejector (11) also has a user steam channel connected to the outside; the evaporator (8) also has a low-temperature heat medium channel connected to the outside. The internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the compressor (4) and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

2. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, the heating unit (5) having a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator (8) via a throttle valve (7) is adjusted so that the heating unit (5) has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator (8) via the regenerator (12) and the throttle valve (7), and the ejector (9) having a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor (4) is adjusted so that the ejector (9) has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor (4) via the regenerator (12), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

3. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (9) is adjusted so that the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (9) after passing through the regenerator (12), and the condensate pipe of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) through the throttle valve (7) is adjusted so that the condensate pipe of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) after passing through the regenerator (12) and the throttle valve (7), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

4. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator and a second regenerator. The refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (9), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (9) after passing through the second regenerator (13). The condensate pipe of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) through the throttle valve (7), and the condensate pipe of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) after passing through the regenerator (12), the second regenerator (13) and the throttle valve (7). The refrigerant vapor passage of the ejector (9) is connected to the compressor (4), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the ejector (9) is connected to the compressor (4) through the regenerator (12), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

5. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system of claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, an expander and a second heater. The compressor (4) is connected to the heater (5) via a refrigerant vapor channel, and then the compressor (4) is connected to the second heater (15) via a refrigerant vapor channel and then split into two paths - the first path is connected to the heater (5) and the second path is connected to the expander (14). The expander (14) also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the regenerator (12) and then connected to the compressor (4) through an intermediate port. The heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) via a condensate pipeline through a throttle valve (7), and then the heater (5) has a refrigerant medium pipeline that is either fully condensed or not fully condensed, which is connected to the evaporator (8) via the regenerator (12) and the throttle valve (7). The second heater (15) also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside. The expander (14) is connected to the compressor (4) and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

6. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system of claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, a second regenerator, an expander, and a second heater. The refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (9), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the evaporator (8) is adjusted to connect to the low-pressure steam inlet of the ejector (9) after passing through the second regenerator (13). The refrigerant vapor passage of the compressor (4) is connected to the heater (5), and the refrigerant vapor passage of the compressor (4) is adjusted to connect to the second heater (15), and then split into two paths—the first path connects to the heater (5) and the second... The expansion unit (14) is connected to the refrigerant vapor channel, which is connected to the regenerator (12) and then connected to the compressor (4) through the intermediate port. The condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) through the throttle valve (7) and adjusted so that the heater (5) has a refrigerant medium pipeline that is fully condensed or not fully condensed, which is connected to the evaporator (8) through the regenerator (12), the second regenerator (13) and the throttle valve (7). The second heater (15) also has a heated medium channel connected to the outside. The expansion unit (14) is connected to the compressor (4) and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

7. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a two-phase expander (16) and replacing the throttle valve (7) to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in claims 1-6. The two-phase expander (16) is connected to the compressor (4) and transmits power to form an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

8. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a nozzle (17) and replacing the throttle valve (7) to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in claims 1-6.

9. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a nozzle (17) and replacing the throttle valve (7) to any of the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump systems described in claims 5-6, adding a dual-energy compressor (18) and replacing the compressor (4), and adding an expander speed increaser (19) and replacing the expander (14).

10. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The condensate pipe of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) through the throttle valve (7), and the condensate pipe of the heater (5) is connected to the steam distribution chamber (20) through the nozzle (17). The steam distribution chamber (20) also has a refrigerant vapor passage connected to the compressor (4) through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber (20) also has a condensate pipe connected to the evaporator (8) through the throttle valve (7), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

11. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system as described in claim 1, with the addition of a regenerator, a nozzle and a steam distribution chamber. The evaporator (8) is adjusted to have a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (9), and the refrigerant vapor channel of the evaporator (8) is connected to the low-pressure steam inlet of the injector (9) after passing through the regenerator (12). The condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the evaporator (8) through the throttle valve (7), and the condensate pipeline of the heater (5) is connected to the steam distribution chamber (20) through the nozzle (17). The steam distribution chamber (20) also has a refrigerant vapor channel connected to the compressor (4) through an intermediate port. The steam distribution chamber (20) also has a condensate pipeline connected to the evaporator (8) through the regenerator (12) and the throttle valve (7), thus forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

12. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is formed by adding a second nozzle (21) and replacing the throttle valve (7) to the internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system described in claim 10 or claim 11, thereby forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

13. An internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system is an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein an air compressor and a high-temperature regenerator are added, the external air passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) is adjusted to the external air passage connecting the internal combustion engine (1) through the air compressor (A) and the high-temperature regenerator (B) and the internal combustion engine (1) gas passage connecting the high-temperature steam generator (2) is adjusted to the internal combustion engine (1) gas passage connecting the high-temperature steam generator (2) after the high-temperature regenerator (B); the internal combustion engine (1) is connected to the air compressor (A) and transmits power, forming an internal combustion engine type combined cycle heat pump system.

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