An unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tank and a working method thereof

Abstract

This invention discloses an unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tanks and its operating method. The water tank assembly includes at least two independent water tanks, one of which serves as the operating water tank and the others as standby water tanks. Each water tank is also equipped with a water quality detection module and a liquid level detection module. A water circuit control module is switchably connected between the constant temperature circulating water circuit and the water tank. Each water tank is also equipped with a temperature control module to control the water temperature in the corresponding water tank to maintain it at the required set operating temperature. The main control unit is electrically connected to the water circuit control module, the liquid level detection module, the water quality detection module, the temperature control module, and the calorimeter host, and controls the water circuit control module to switch water circuits when the water quality detection module and / or the liquid level detection module detects that the water level is not up to standard. This device allows for continuous operation without downtime, solving the pain points of traditional manual water changing operations, which are cumbersome, require downtime, and have long waiting times for temperature control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal quality testing technology, specifically to an unmanned calorimeter with a switchable water tank and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of coal quality testing, calorific value testing is a core testing item, and the calorimeter is the core equipment for calorific value testing. Its testing accuracy and operational stability directly determine the accuracy of coal quality test results and must strictly comply with the requirements of GB / T 213-2008 "Method for Determination of Calorific Value of Coal". Traditional calorimeters generally adopt a single water tank structure. After long-term use, the circulating water in the tank will experience problems such as increased ion concentration, suspended solids deposition, and microbial growth, directly affecting the accuracy of test data. Therefore, regular manual water changing and tank cleaning are required. Manual water changing is cumbersome and requires machine shutdown, making continuous operation impossible. Furthermore, after water changing, a long waiting period is needed for the water temperature to return to the constant temperature required by national standards, significantly reducing equipment operating efficiency and failing to meet the requirements of fully unmanned and continuous operation of unmanned robotic coal quality testing systems in the context of Industry 4.0. Therefore, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide an unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tanks and its working method.

[0004] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this invention includes:

[0005] One objective of this invention is to provide an unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tanks, comprising a calorimeter main unit, the main unit having a constant temperature circulating water circuit, and further comprising a water tank assembly, a water circuit control module, a liquid level detection module, a water quality detection module, a temperature control module, and a main control unit; wherein, the water tank assembly is mounted on the calorimeter main unit and includes at least two independent water tanks, during use, one water tank serves as the working water tank, and the others serve as standby water tanks; each of the water tanks is further equipped with the water quality detection module to detect whether the water quality in the corresponding water tank meets the standards; each of the water tanks... The tank is also equipped with a liquid level detection module to detect whether the liquid level in the corresponding water tank meets the standard; the water circuit control module can be switched between the constant temperature circulating water circuit and the water tank; each of the water tanks is also equipped with a temperature control module to control the water temperature in the corresponding water tank to maintain the required set working temperature; the main control unit is electrically connected to the water circuit control module, the liquid level detection module, the water quality detection module, the temperature control module and the calorimeter host, and controls the water circuit control module to switch the water circuit when the water quality detection module and / or the liquid level detection module detects that the level does not meet the standard.

[0006] Preferably, the volume of any of the water tanks is not less than 5 times the heat capacity of the calorimeter; and / or

[0007] The water tank assembly includes two water tank bodies, which are arranged side by side along the length or width of the calorimeter main unit; and / or

[0008] The water tank assembly is located inside the ambient temperature zone cavity of the calorimeter main unit and is physically isolated from the high temperature zone equipment.

[0009] Preferably, any of the water tanks further includes an inlet valve, a drain valve, and an outlet; the water circuit control module includes an inlet main circuit, a drain main circuit, and a switching valve group;

[0010] The water inlet of the main water inlet circuit is connected to a water source, and the outlet is connected to the inlet valve of each of the water tanks. The water outlet of the main water inlet circuit is connected to the outlet valve of each of the water tanks, and the outlet is connected to a wastewater discharge port. The switching valve group is an electric multi-way ball valve with its inlet connected to the outlet of each of the water tanks and its outlet connected to the constant temperature circulating water circuit. The switching response time is no more than 2 seconds.

[0011] Preferably, any of the water tanks further includes a flushing air nozzle, the air inlet of which is connected to a compressed air source, and the air outlet is disposed facing the bottom inner wall and side wall of the corresponding water tank.

[0012] Preferably, the water quality detection module includes a water quality detection sensor, which includes at least a turbidity sensor and / or a conductivity sensor.

[0013] Preferably, the water quality detection sensor further includes one or more of a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, a COD sensor, and an ammonia nitrogen sensor.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature control module includes a heating and cooling component and a temperature sensor, wherein the heating and cooling component includes a semiconductor cooling chip and a heating rod.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature sensor is a platinum resistance temperature sensor with a temperature measurement accuracy of not less than ±0.001℃.

[0016] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for operating an unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tanks, comprising the following steps:

[0017] Obtain the liquid level and / or water quality in the water tank;

[0018] When either the liquid level or the water quality is found to be substandard, the main control unit controls the water circuit control module to switch the water circuit to switch the original standby water tank to the working water tank and the original working water tank to the standby water tank.

[0019] When the liquid level is detected to be below the standard, the main control unit also controls the addition of water to the standby water tank until the liquid level is reached.

[0020] When the water quality is found to be substandard, the main control unit also controls the injection of high-pressure compressed air into the standby water tank during the water discharge process to clean the inner and bottom walls of the standby water tank.

[0021] Preferably, the main control unit can also switch the use of the water tank by setting the water replenishment time. When the water replenishment time is reached, the main control unit controls the water circuit control module to switch the water circuit and control the replenishment of water to the new standby water tank until the liquid level is reached.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0023] This invention relates to an unmanned calorimeter with switchable water tanks. Multiple independent water tanks form an assembly for online switching. A water quality detection component monitors the water quality, and a water circuit control component switches the water circuit when the water quality fails to meet standards, thus avoiding test data deviations caused by water contamination. A liquid level detection component monitors the liquid level within the tanks, and the water circuit control component switches the water circuit when the level is below standard, also enabling online tank switching. A temperature control component maintains the water tank at a set temperature. After tank switching, the equipment can be directly put into testing, significantly reducing non-operational waiting time and improving the stability and accuracy of test data. It allows for continuous operation without downtime, solving the pain points of traditional manual water changing operations, which are cumbersome, require downtime, and involve long temperature control waiting times. It complies with GB / T 213-2008 standards and is suitable for the full-process unmanned closed-loop management requirements of unmanned robotic coal quality testing systems in the context of Industry 4.0. By setting up pulse-type flushing nozzles, sediments, impurities, and microbial films in the water tank can be thoroughly cleaned by airflow during the water discharge process, avoiding secondary pollution caused by residual impurities, ensuring the stability of the water quality of newly injected water, extending the maintenance cycle of the water tank, and reducing equipment operation and maintenance costs. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tank according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2This is a structural schematic diagram of the water tank assembly of the unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tanks according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the water tank assembly of the unmanned calorimeter device with switchable yoke water tank according to an embodiment of the present invention from another angle.

[0028] Figure 4 This is another structural schematic diagram of the water tank assembly of the unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tanks according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the working method of the water tank assembly of the unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tanks, as described in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Calorimeter main unit; 2. Water tank assembly; 21. First water tank body; 211. First liquid level sensor; 212. First water quality detection sensor; 213. First water inlet valve; 214. First water outlet valve; 215. First flushing air nozzle; 216. First heating and cooling assembly; 217. First temperature sensor; 22. Second water tank body; 221. Second liquid level sensor; 222. Second water quality detection sensor; 223. Second water inlet valve; 224. Second water outlet valve; 225. Second flushing air nozzle; 226. Second heating and cooling assembly; 227. Second temperature sensor; 3. Water circuit control module; 31. Switching valve group; 32. Water inlet main circuit; 33. Water outlet main circuit; 4. Main control unit. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the concept of the invention.

[0032] This invention provides an unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tanks, such as... Figures 1 to 4The system includes a calorimeter main unit 1, a water tank assembly 2, a liquid level detection module, a water circuit control module 3, a water quality detection module, a temperature control module, and a main control unit 4. The calorimeter main unit 1 has a conventional structure and features a constant-temperature circulating water circuit (not shown) connected to the water tank assembly 2. Its specific structure is not described or limited and is not an innovation of this invention. In this embodiment, the main control unit 4 is located on the calorimeter main unit 1 and is electrically connected (e.g., through communication) to the water circuit control module 3, the liquid level detection module, the water quality detection module, the temperature control module, and the calorimeter main unit 1. The specific structure of the main control unit 4 is also not described or limited; it can be exemplified as a conventional PLC controller, including a touchscreen and a data storage unit, allowing users to view equipment operating status, water quality data, and historical curves. It also allows for local setting of operating parameters, supports local manual triggering of water tank switching and maintenance processes, and adapts to on-site debugging and emergency operation needs. Its specific structure and principle are existing technologies and are not innovations of this invention. In this embodiment, the water tank assembly 2 includes at least two independent water tanks. Each water tank has a 304 stainless steel sealed cavity structure to hold the water source used for testing, and its volume is adapted to the constant temperature circulating water circuit of the calorimeter main unit 1. One of the at least two water tanks serves as the working water tank, and the others serve as standby water tanks. Each water tank is also equipped with a temperature control module. The purpose of the temperature control module is to detect the water temperature in the corresponding water tank and send the water temperature signal to the main control unit 4. The main control unit 4 controls the temperature in the water tank to maintain the required set operating temperature. Each water tank is equipped with a temperature control module, which can realize independent constant temperature control of the water in the corresponding water tank. The water circuit control module 3 is switchably connected between the constant temperature circulating water circuit and the water tank. Specifically, for ease of description and distinction, two water tanks are used as an example: the first water tank 21 and the second water tank 22. Before switching, the first water tank 21 is the used water tank, and the second water tank 22 is the standby water tank. At this time, the water circuit control module 3 connects the first water tank 21 to the constant temperature circulating water circuit, while the second water tank 22 is connected to but not connected to the constant temperature circulating water circuit. After switching, the first water tank 21 is the standby water tank, and the second water tank 22 is the used water tank. At this time, the water circuit control module 3 connects the second water tank 22 to the constant temperature circulating water circuit, while the first water tank 21 is connected to but not connected to the constant temperature circulating water circuit. In this embodiment, by setting up a water tank assembly 2 including multiple water tanks and realizing the connection between the used water tank and the constant temperature circulating water circuit of the calorimeter host 1 through the water circuit control module 3, water tank switching can be achieved online without stopping the machine, enabling continuous operation. The water quality monitoring module is set up to monitor the water quality in the tank in real time to see if it meets the standards. If it does not meet the standards, the water tank will be switched immediately to ensure continuous operation without downtime.The temperature control module is designed to ensure that the water temperature in all tanks remains consistent with the operating temperature of the calorimeter main unit 1, which is the constant temperature required by national standards. This ensures that there is no need to wait for heating after switching tanks, guaranteeing the continuity of operation. Each tank is also equipped with a liquid level detection module, which monitors the liquid level in the corresponding tank. A preset liquid level threshold can be set in the main control unit 4, such as the initial liquid level or 30% of the maximum liquid level. When the liquid level detection module detects that the liquid level is lower than the preset threshold, the main control unit 4 receives the collected liquid level information and controls the switching of the water tank to be used while simultaneously replenishing the standby water tank.

[0033] In some preferred embodiments, the inner wall of any water tank is polished, and its volume is adapted to the constant temperature circulating water circuit of the calorimeter main unit 1. More preferably, the volume of any water tank is not less than 5 times the heat capacity of the calorimeter. This configuration complies with the requirements of GB / T 213-2008, ensuring sufficient water volume in the tank to meet usage requirements.

[0034] In some preferred embodiments, considering cost of use, the water tank assembly 2 preferably includes two water tanks. More preferably, the two water tanks are arranged side-by-side along the length or width of the calorimeter main unit 1. This optimizes the overall space occupied by the water tank assembly 2. An exemplary embodiment is as follows... Figure 1 As shown, two water tanks are arranged side by side along the length of the calorimeter main unit 1 on the right side of the calorimeter main unit 1, while the left side contains other structures of the original calorimeter main unit 1, such as an oxygen bomb.

[0035] Some preferred embodiments, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, each water tank also includes an inlet valve, a drain valve, and an outlet (not shown). The diagram uses two water tanks as an example; the inlet valve on either tank is located at the top, and the drain valve is located at the bottom. Figure 1As shown, the water circuit control module 3 includes an inlet main line 32, an outlet main line 33, and a switching valve group 31. The inlet end (not shown) of the inlet main line 32 is connected to a water source (not shown, such as deionized water or distilled water), and the outlet end (not shown) is connected to the inlet valves of two water tanks respectively (an electric three-way valve is installed on the water circuit). The inlet end (not shown) of the outlet main line 33 is connected to the outlet valves of two water tanks respectively (again, an electric three-way valve (not shown) is installed on the water circuit), and the outlet end (not shown) is connected to a wastewater discharge port (not shown). The switching valve group 31 is an electric multi-way valve (the specific type depends on the number of water tanks; in this embodiment, it is exemplarily an electric three-way valve (not shown)). Its inlet end is connected to the outlet of all water tanks, and its outlet end is connected to the constant temperature circulating water circuit, enabling seamless online switching between multiple water tanks. In this embodiment, the electric three-way valve is a conventional three-way valve. Its structure and working principle are not described or limited, as they are existing technology and not an innovation of this invention. It should be noted that the switching response time of the electric three-way valve is required to be no more than 2 seconds to ensure that the constant temperature circulating water circuit of the calorimeter main unit 1 remains uninterrupted during the switching process, achieving seamless switching without stopping the machine.

[0036] In some preferred embodiments, due to water quality issues within the tank, impurities can easily remain on the inner wall of the tank. To avoid the impact of these impurities on measurement accuracy, the inner wall of the tank should be cleaned during water changes. In this embodiment, for example... Figure 4 As shown, on any water tank, exemplarily as follows: Figure 4 A flushing air nozzle is located at the bottom rear of the water tank. The inlet of any of these nozzles can be connected to a compressed air source (not shown) via a solenoid valve, and the outlet should face the corresponding bottom inner wall and side wall of the water tank. The specific structure of the flushing air nozzle is not described in detail or is not limited; it can be any existing conventional flushing air nozzle structure, ensuring that the nozzle covers the entire inner wall of the water tank. The flushing air nozzle is used to introduce pulsed compressed air during the water flushing process, thereby flushing away sediment and impurities from the inner wall of the water tank with airflow, preventing secondary pollution caused by residual impurities.

[0037] In some preferred embodiments, the water quality detection module includes a water quality detection sensor, which includes at least a turbidity sensor and / or a conductivity sensor. The turbidity sensor can be used to detect suspended solids and microbial film contamination in the water (in this embodiment, the exemplary turbidity sensor has a detection range of 0~100 μS / cm; when the detected turbidity reaches 15 μS / cm, the water quality is considered substandard). The conductivity sensor is used to detect the degree of ionic contamination in the water. In a further preferred embodiment, the water quality detection module may also include one or more of a pH sensor, a dissolved oxygen sensor, a COD sensor, and an ammonia nitrogen sensor, enabling multi-dimensional water quality monitoring.

[0038] In some preferred embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the temperature control module includes a heating and cooling component and a temperature sensor. The heating and cooling component is located on the front of the corresponding water tank and includes a combination structure of a semiconductor cooling chip (not shown) and a heating rod (not shown), used to heat or cool the water in the corresponding water tank to maintain the water temperature within the set operating temperature range. The temperature sensor is located at the top of the corresponding water tank. Preferably, in this embodiment, the temperature sensor uses a commercially available platinum resistance temperature sensor with a temperature measurement accuracy of not less than ±0.0001℃. The specific working principle of the temperature control module is not described or limited, as it is existing conventional technology, such as that shown in Chinese authorized patent CN115110756B. For example, a fuzzy PID temperature control algorithm (which is also existing technology and not an innovation of this invention) can be used to stabilize the water temperature in the corresponding water tank at the set operating temperature with an accuracy of not less than ±0.005℃, meeting the testing environment requirements of GB / T 213-2008.

[0039] For the liquid level detection module, a conventional liquid level sensor is used. As an alternative embodiment, the liquid level detection module can be omitted, and a water replenishment time can be set empirically within the main control unit 4. For example, if water must be replenished two months after the first replenishment without water replacement, or if the water tank or water has been replaced due to water quality issues after the first replenishment but before the replenishment period, the water replenishment time will be calculated separately, with the calculation starting from the replacement time.

[0040] In some preferred embodiments, the main control unit 4 is a conventional PLC logic controller with a touch panel. The PLC logic controller is equipped with an Ethernet communication module, enabling data interaction with the host computer of the robotic unmanned testing system. It uploads water quality data, water tank status, temperature control data, and test data in real time without blocking the data, while simultaneously receiving remote control commands from the host computer, achieving closed-loop management of the entire process. This adapts to the fully unmanned and continuous operation requirements of the coal quality robotic unmanned testing system under the Industry 4.0 context.

[0041] Preferably, the liquid level detection module is a liquid level sensor, and the water quality detection module is a water quality sensor. For ease of description and distinction, the two water tanks are referred to as a first water tank 21 and a second water tank 22, respectively. The liquid level sensor, water quality sensor, inlet valve, outlet valve, flushing air nozzle, heating / cooling components, and temperature sensor on the first water tank 21 are all prefixed with "first," and similarly, the liquid level sensor, water quality sensor, inlet valve, outlet valve, flushing air nozzle, heating / cooling components, and temperature sensor on the second water tank 22 are all prefixed with "second." Specifically, exemplary models include 2 to... Figure 4As shown, the first liquid level sensor 211, the first water inlet valve 213, and the first temperature sensor 217 are all located on the top surface of the first water tank 21. Similarly, the second liquid level sensor 221, the second water inlet valve 223, and the second temperature sensor 227 are all located on the top surface of the second water tank 22. The first heating and cooling assembly 216 and the first water quality detection sensor 212 are both located on the lower front side of the first water tank 21. Similarly, the second heating and cooling assembly 226 and the second water quality detection sensor 222 are both located on the lower front side of the second water tank 22. Figure 3 As shown, the first drain valve 214 is located at the bottom of the first water tank 21, and similarly, the second drain valve 224 is located at the bottom of the second water tank 22. Figure 4 As shown, the first flushing nozzle 215 is located on the lower back of the first water tank 21, and similarly, the second flushing nozzle 225 is located on the lower back of the second water tank 22. It should be noted that the measuring ends of components such as the level sensor, water quality sensor, and temperature sensor are all located inside the water tank; the figures show the non-measuring ends of these sensors.

[0042] In this embodiment of the calorimeter device, upon initial use, all water tanks are filled with water. One tank is then selected as the working tank, while the others serve as standby tanks. Water quality and level parameters are set on the main control unit 4. If either the water quality or level parameter fails to meet the standard, the main control unit 4 controls the water circuit control module 3 to switch the water circuit, thus switching the tanks. The standby tank becomes the working tank, and the working tank becomes the standby tank. If the water quality is substandard, the water in the tank is drained, and simultaneously, the flushing nozzle is activated while water is being added. If the water level is insufficient, water is simply added back to the required level; alternatively, flushing can be performed before adding water. This allows for continuous operation and improves the equipment's efficiency.

[0043] This embodiment also provides a method for operating the unmanned calorimeter device described in the above embodiments, such as... Figure 5 As shown, it includes the following steps:

[0044] Obtain the liquid level and / or water quality in the water tank;

[0045] When either the liquid level or the water quality is found to be substandard, the main control unit 4 controls the water circuit control module 3 to switch the water circuit to switch the original standby water tank to the water tank in use, and the original water tank in use to the standby water tank.

[0046] When the liquid level is detected to be below the standard, the main control unit 4 also controls the addition of water to the standby water tank until the liquid level is reached.

[0047] When the water quality is found to be substandard, the main control unit 4 also controls the injection of high-pressure compressed air into the standby water tank during the water discharge process to clean the inner and bottom walls of the standby water tank.

[0048] Specifically, the actual liquid level in the corresponding water tank is collected by the liquid level detection module and then sent to the main control unit 4. The liquid level is compared with the insufficient liquid level threshold stored in the main control unit 4. If the actual liquid level is lower than the insufficient liquid level threshold, the main control unit 4 immediately controls the water circuit control module 3 to switch the water circuit to realize the online switching of the water tank. Then the main control unit 4 controls the water inlet main 32 and the water inlet valve connected to the standby water tank to open and replenish water to the standby water tank. The water quality monitoring module collects the water quality status (such as turbidity, ions, COD, pH value, etc.) in the water tank and feeds it back to the main control unit 4. The main control unit 4 compares it with the preset water quality values ​​(i.e., the water quality non-compliance thresholds under different indicators) in the storage unit. If it does not meet the standards, the main control unit 4 controls the water circuit control module 3 to switch the water circuit to realize the online switching of the water tank. At the same time, it controls the opening of the drain valve and wastewater discharge port of the new standby water tank (i.e. the original water tank). During the water discharge process, the flushing air nozzle is opened to flush the bottom inner wall and side wall to wash away any impurities that may remain on the inner wall and side wall. The process continues until the water quality monitoring module detects that the water quality meets the standards, and then the main water inlet 32 ​​is opened to replenish water.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, the use of the water tank can be switched by setting a water replenishment time in the main control unit 4. When the water replenishment time is reached, the main control unit 4 controls the water circuit control module 3 to switch the water circuit and control the replenishment of water to the new standby water tank until the liquid level is reached. It should be noted that if the water tank has already switched due to liquid level and / or water quality reasons before the water replenishment time is reached, the water replenishment time will be recalculated based on the switching time.

[0050] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative or explanatory of the principles of the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention should be included within the protection scope of the invention. Furthermore, the appended claims are intended to cover all variations and modifications falling within the scope and boundaries of the appended claims, or equivalent forms of such scope and boundaries.

Claims

1. An unmanned calorimeter device with switchable water tanks, comprising a calorimeter main unit, the calorimeter main unit having a constant temperature circulating water circuit, characterized in that, It also includes a water tank assembly, a water circuit control module, a liquid level detection module, a water quality detection module, a temperature control module, and a main control unit. The water tank assembly is mounted on the calorimeter main unit and includes at least two independent water tanks. During use, one water tank serves as the operating tank, while the others serve as standby tanks. Each water tank is equipped with a water quality detection module to detect whether the water quality in the corresponding tank meets the standard. Each water tank is also equipped with a liquid level detection module to detect whether the liquid level in the corresponding tank meets the standard. The water circuit control module is switchably connected between the constant temperature circulating water circuit and the water tank. Each water tank is also equipped with a temperature control module to control the water temperature in the corresponding tank to maintain it at the required set operating temperature. The main control unit is electrically connected to the water circuit control module, the liquid level detection module, the water quality detection module, the temperature control module, and the calorimeter main unit, and controls the water circuit control module to switch water circuits when the water quality detection module and / or the liquid level detection module detects a failure to meet the standard.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The volume of any of the aforementioned water tanks shall not be less than five times the heat capacity of the calorimeter; and / or The water tank assembly includes two water tank bodies, which are arranged side by side along the length or width of the calorimeter main unit; and / or The water tank assembly is located inside the ambient temperature zone cavity of the calorimeter main unit and is physically isolated from the high temperature zone equipment.

3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Any of the aforementioned water tanks further includes an inlet valve, a drain valve, and an outlet; the water circuit control module includes an inlet main circuit, a drain main circuit, and a switching valve group; The water inlet of the main water inlet circuit is connected to a water source, and the outlet is connected to the inlet valve of each of the water tanks. The water outlet of the main water inlet circuit is connected to the outlet valve of each of the water tanks, and the outlet is connected to a wastewater discharge port. The switching valve group is an electric multi-way ball valve with its inlet connected to the outlet of each of the water tanks and its outlet connected to the constant temperature circulating water circuit. The switching response time is no more than 2 seconds.

4. The device according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Each of the water tanks further includes a flushing air nozzle, the air inlet of which is connected to a compressed air source, and the air outlet is disposed facing the bottom inner wall and side wall of the corresponding water tank.

5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water quality detection module includes a water quality detection sensor, which includes at least a turbidity sensor and / or a conductivity sensor.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The water quality detection sensor also includes one or more of the following: pH sensor, dissolved oxygen sensor, COD sensor, and ammonia nitrogen sensor.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control module includes a heating and cooling component and a temperature sensor. The heating and cooling component includes a semiconductor cooling chip and a heating rod.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The temperature sensor is a platinum resistance temperature sensor with a temperature measurement accuracy of not less than ±0.001℃.

9. A method for operating an unmanned calorimeter with switchable water tanks, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Obtain the liquid level and / or water quality in the water tank; When either the liquid level or the water quality is found to be substandard, the main control unit controls the water circuit control module to switch the water circuit to switch the original standby water tank to the working water tank and the original working water tank to the standby water tank. When the liquid level is detected to be below the standard, the main control unit also controls the addition of water to the standby water tank until the liquid level is reached. When the water quality is found to be substandard, the main control unit also controls the injection of high-pressure compressed air into the standby water tank during the water discharge process to clean the inner and bottom walls of the standby water tank.

10. The working method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The main control unit can also switch the use of the water tank by setting the water replenishment time. When the water replenishment time is reached, the main control unit controls the water circuit control module to switch the water circuit and control the replenishment of water to the new standby water tank until the liquid level is reached.

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