Liquid crystal color display device based on single pixel color and display method

Abstract

The application provides a liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color and a display method, wherein the device comprises: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer and a substrate layer arranged in levels; a plurality of pixel units are arranged on the substrate layer, the pixel unit comprises: a pixel electrode and a pixel control unit, the liquid crystal layer is used for changing the wavelength of outgoing light according to the control voltage output by the pixel control unit, so as to realize the change of display color; wherein the thickness of the liquid crystal layer satisfies the condition that the phase delay of light in the transmission path of the liquid crystal layer is more than 2pi, that is, n*2d>lambda, so as to form an effective FP resonant cavity. The application can directly realize color display under the action of a control voltage in a frame of white light irradiation or even natural light irradiation through an array of pixel units, and realizes color display under white light incidence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of liquid crystal color display technology, and more specifically, to a liquid crystal color display device and display method based on single-pixel color. Background Technology

[0002] Color display technology originates from the human perception of the three primary colors: red, green, and blue. By precisely controlling the brightness mixing of the three color subpixels on each pixel, and using physical means such as liquid crystals and light-emitting materials, a colorful world is reproduced on the screen.

[0003] For wearable devices, existing technologies mainly achieve color display through the following methods: Existing technology 1: Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) field-sequential color display solution.

[0004] Liquid Crystal on Silicon (LCOS) is a reflective microdisplay technology that combines liquid crystal technology with silicon-based CMOS circuitry. The basic structure of an LCOS device includes a silicon-based backplane (containing pixel electrodes and driving circuitry), a liquid crystal layer, and ITO glass. The aluminum reflective surface on the silicon-based backplane serves as both the pixel electrode and the light-reflecting surface, thus achieving a high fill factor (typically greater than 90%) for reflective displays.

[0005] Compared with traditional transmissive LCDs, LCOS technology has the following advantages: (1) High fill factor, since the driving circuit is located below the pixel, the pixel gap is extremely small, which can achieve higher light utilization efficiency; (2) High resolution, with the help of mature CMOS technology, micron-level pixel size can be achieved; (3) Miniaturization, the overall device size can be less than 1 inch diagonal; (4) Low cost, mass production can be achieved using existing semiconductor manufacturing processes.

[0006] LCOS devices utilize the birefringence effect of liquid crystals to modulate the polarization state of incident light. When linearly polarized light passes through the liquid crystal layer, a phase retardation occurs between the two orthogonally polarized components of the light due to the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules. The magnitude of this phase retardation depends on the effective birefringence of the liquid crystal, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and the wavelength of the incident light. In a reflective LCOS, the incident light passes through the liquid crystal layer twice, thus doubling the effective optical path.

[0007] The phase delay can be expressed as: Γ = [n_x(θ) - n_y] • 2π / λ • 2d Where n_x(θ) is the effective refractive index related to liquid crystal orientation, n_y is the constant refractive index, λ is the wavelength, and d is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer. By applying different voltages to change the tilt angle θ of the liquid crystal molecules, the phase retardation can be adjusted, thereby modulating the light intensity. In amplitude-modulated LCOS, polarization devices (such as polarizing beam splitters PBS) are usually placed before and after the device to convert changes in polarization state into changes in light intensity. That is, firstly, the light intensity change is controlled by voltage. Then, a timing control method is used to sequentially illuminate the red, green, and blue light sources. Combined with the fast response of the liquid crystal panel, color display is achieved by utilizing the persistence of vision effect of the human eye. Each pixel does not require a color filter, which can improve light energy utilization and resolution.

[0008] This technology divides an image frame into three subfields (red, green, and blue). Within each subfield's time frame, corresponding monochrome image data is written, and red, green, and blue LED backlights are simultaneously and sequentially illuminated. Utilizing the persistence of vision effect in the human eye, the three subfields are superimposed on the retina to form a full-color image.

[0009] However, the existing technology has the following drawbacks: It requires precise three-color LED timing control circuit, resulting in high system complexity; it suffers from color breakup, which produces a rainbow effect when displaying moving images, affecting the visual experience; and it places extremely high demands on the liquid crystal response speed.

[0010] Existing technology 2: Spatial color scheme based on color filters (including silicon-based liquid crystal, silicon-based OLED and silicon-based microLED, etc.).

[0011] Each pixel unit is set with three sub-pixels: red (R), green (G), and blue (B). Each sub-pixel corresponds to a color filter. Since the light intensity of each pixel is controllable, color display is achieved by controlling the brightness ratio of the three sub-pixels.

[0012] However, the existing technology 2 has the following drawbacks: Color filters absorb about two-thirds of the energy of white light, resulting in low light energy utilization (usually only 25%-30%) and high power consumption. At the same time, the manufacturing process of color filters is complex, which increases manufacturing costs and panel thickness.

[0013] Existing technology 3: Quantum dot color conversion scheme for silicon-based LEDs.

[0014] Specifically, the silicon-based LED (Micro LED) filter scheme, which uses blue-light Micro-LEDs to excite quantum dots for red-green conversion, is similar to that of silicon-based OLEDs. It employs blue or ultraviolet Micro LEDs as the excitation source, combined with a quantum dot color filter (QDCF) or a phosphor color conversion layer to achieve full-color display. The blue-light Micro LED excites red and green quantum dot materials to produce light output of the corresponding colors.

[0015] However, the existing technology 3 has the following drawbacks: Quantum dot materials suffer from light / heat / electrical attenuation, resulting in poor stability of color displays; insufficient precision in quantum dot patterning processes makes it impossible to balance color purity and aperture ratio; and low yield of blue Micro-LED chips leads to high costs.

[0016] In summary, existing color display solutions require multiple physical units (i.e., space) or multiple events (i.e., time) to work together to display color, which inevitably introduces energy loss, resulting in low light energy utilization and high power consumption. In addition, they also place high demands on the complexity and cost of manufacturing processes. Summary of the Invention

[0017] The purpose of this application is to provide a liquid crystal color display device and display method based on single-pixel color, in order to address the shortcomings of the prior art, and to solve the problems of (1) low light energy utilization, high power consumption and complex process of color filter technology; (2) color separation phenomenon and complex driving circuit of field sequence color display technology; and (3) difficulty in balancing display resolution and light energy utilization in the prior art.

[0018] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides the following technical solution: In a first aspect, this application provides a liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color, the device comprising an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a substrate layer arranged in layers; The substrate layer is provided with a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including a pixel electrode and a pixel control unit. The pixel control unit outputs a control voltage to control the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to generate a controllable phase delay. The pixel electrode provides high reflectivity to reflect light. The ITO glass layer is used to conduct the common electrode voltage and has high transmittance to the incident light; The liquid crystal layer is used to change its refractive index according to the control voltage of the pixel control unit, wherein the thickness of the liquid crystal layer satisfies the condition that the phase delay of light in the propagation path of the liquid crystal layer exceeds 2π, i.e. n*2d>λ, to form an effective FP resonant cavity; The device uses white light as the incident light source and controls the modulation voltage applied to the pixel electrode so that each pixel can independently display colors of different wavelengths, thereby achieving color display.

[0019] In one possible implementation, a linear polarizer, a circular polarizer, or a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate can be placed on the ITO glass layer.

[0020] In one possible implementation, alignment films are disposed on both the ITO glass layer and the substrate layer, and the alignment films are aligned in parallel.

[0021] In one possible implementation, the incident light source is a broadband white light source.

[0022] In one possible implementation, the data format of the image or video to be displayed is a two-dimensional voltage array.

[0023] In one possible implementation, a driving circuit is also included, comprising: a row scanning circuit for selecting pixels row by row; and a column data circuit for writing voltage data corresponding to the target display color when the current row is selected.

[0024] In one possible implementation, when connecting to the output of a mainstream digital display, the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color further includes a data conversion module; the operation of the data conversion module includes: Get the target display object; Convert the target display object to HSV space to obtain HSV structured data; The device searches for the HSV data that is closest to the HSV of the target display object in the voltage-HSV space lookup table, and obtains the corresponding voltage based on the HSV data. The data of the HSV structure is converted into a two-dimensional voltage array, which is then input into the corresponding multiple pixel control units to enable the device to display the target display object.

[0025] In one possible implementation, when connecting to the output of a mainstream display, the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color further includes a data conversion module; the operation of the data conversion module includes: Get the target display object; Convert the target display object to the LAB space to obtain the data of the LAB structure; The device searches for the LAB data that is closest to the target display object LAB in the voltage-LAB space data lookup table, and obtains its corresponding voltage based on the LAB data. The data of the LAB structure is converted into a two-dimensional voltage array, which is then input into the corresponding multiple pixel control units to enable the device to display the target display object.

[0026] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a color display method based on single-pixel color, using white light as the incident light source, including the following steps: (a) Providing white light incident on the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color, the white light covering the visible light band; (b) Determine the target voltage for each pixel based on the target display object, and form a two-dimensional voltage array; (c) Apply the target voltage corresponding to each pixel to the pixel electrode of the corresponding pixel unit on the device, so that the pixel control unit generates the corresponding phase delay; (d) The pixels on the device emit light in the target wavelength range according to the phase delay amount, wherein each pixel outputs light of the target display color to display the target display object.

[0027] In one possible implementation, determining the target voltage corresponding to each pixel based on the target display object to form a two-dimensional voltage array includes: The device was tested within the output voltage range of the substrate circuit to obtain color maps corresponding to different voltages; Color space data is extracted from the color maps corresponding to different voltages, and a voltage-color space data lookup table is established based on the color space data. The color space data is RGB format data, HSV space data, or any other color space data. The voltage-color space data lookup table stores color space data representations of different voltages and output colors, and the voltage and the output color have a one-to-one correspondence. During display, based on the data representation of the target display object in the same color space, the closest color representation in the voltage-color space data lookup table is obtained, thus obtaining the two-dimensional voltage array.

[0028] In one possible implementation, if the image source and the device are transmitted via digital signals, the step of determining the target voltage corresponding to each pixel based on the target display object and forming a two-dimensional voltage array includes: The grayscale data is converted into voltage using a digital-to-analog converter circuit, and the device is tested within the output voltage range of the substrate circuit to obtain color maps corresponding to different voltages. Color space data is extracted from the color maps corresponding to different voltages, and a grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table is established based on the color space data. The color space data is RGB format data, or HSV space data, or any other color space data. The grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table stores the color space data of grayscale-modulation voltage-output color. The grayscale, voltage and output color in the grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table correspond one-to-one. During display, based on the data representation of the target display object in the same color space, the closest color representation in the voltage-color space data lookup table is found to obtain the corresponding grayscale data. Then, the grayscale data is converted into voltage through the digital-to-analog conversion circuit to obtain the two-dimensional voltage array.

[0029] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows: By setting an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a substrate layer in a layered manner, and setting multiple pixel units including pixel electrodes and pixel control units in the substrate layer, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer is controlled by the output control voltage of the pixel control unit, and the high reflectivity is provided by the pixel electrodes to reflect light. After the incident light is incident, it reaches the pixel electrodes for reflection, and the wavelength of the reflected light is adjusted by the liquid crystal molecules, thereby adjusting the color of the emitted light and outputting the emitted light of the target display color to achieve color display. It is possible to directly achieve color display through a single pixel unit, under a frame of white light illumination, and under the action of a single control voltage, realizing single-pixel color display under white light incidence. This achieves the technical effects of omitting color filters, improving light energy utilization, omitting three-color timing control, simplifying the driving circuit, reducing pixel area, improving resolution, and avoiding color separation problems. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 Another schematic diagram of the structure of a liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a color display device based on a single-pixel color liquid crystal display provided in this application embodiment; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of a driving circuit for a liquid crystal color display device based on a single pixel color, provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the HSV color space; Figure 7 A schematic flowchart of a liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 8 A schematic flowchart illustrating the formation of a two-dimensional voltage array in the liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color provided in this application embodiment; Figure 9 This is another schematic diagram illustrating the process of forming a two-dimensional voltage array in the liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the accompanying drawings in this application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of this application. It should be understood that the operations in the flowcharts may not be implemented in sequence, and steps without logical contextual relationships may be reversed or implemented simultaneously. In addition, those skilled in the art, guided by the content of this application, may add one or more other operations to the flowcharts, or remove one or more operations from the flowcharts.

[0033] Furthermore, the described embodiments are merely some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. The components of the embodiments of this application described and illustrated herein can typically be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] It should be noted that the term "comprising" will be used in the embodiments of this application to indicate the presence of the features declared thereafter, but does not exclude the addition of other features.

[0035] This application proposes a liquid crystal color display device based on a single-pixel color, addressing the problems in the prior art. It achieves color display directly through a single pixel unit, under a single frame of white light illumination, and with the action of a single control signal. Furthermore, since no color filter is required, light energy utilization is improved, significantly reducing display power consumption. The elimination of a three-color LED timing control circuit simplifies the driver circuit design, reducing system cost and failure rate. Because a single-pixel structure is used for display, the number of pixels can be increased by approximately three times for the same display area, or the pixel area can be reduced by approximately two-thirds while maintaining the same resolution, facilitating the achievement of higher resolution display panels. Finally, by eliminating all energy-consuming components, such as CF, QD, and LED switches in the prior art, luminous efficiency is significantly improved.

[0036] The following describes in detail the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in the embodiments of this application with reference to several examples.

[0037] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in this application embodiment, referring to... Figure 1 As shown, the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a substrate layer arranged in layers.

[0038] Multiple pixel units are disposed on the substrate layer. Each pixel unit includes a pixel electrode and a pixel control unit. The pixel control unit outputs a control voltage to control the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer, thereby generating a controllable phase delay. The pixel electrode provides high reflectivity to reflect light.

[0039] Specifically, the substrate layer can be a silicon-based substrate. The pixel electrode can be made of aluminum or an aluminum-plus-reflective-layer design, and the reflectivity of the pixel electrode is greater than a preset reflectivity threshold, so that the pixel electrode reflects the incident light. The preset reflectivity threshold can be 70%.

[0040] The ITO glass layer is used to conduct the common electrode voltage and has high transmittance to incident light.

[0041] Specifically, the ITO glass layer is a glass substrate with an indium tin oxide (ITO) thin film.

[0042] Specifically, high transmittance means that the transmittance of the ITO glass layer to incident light is greater than a preset transmittance threshold, which is usually 85%.

[0043] The liquid crystal layer is used to change the wavelength of the emitted light according to the control voltage output by the pixel control unit, thereby changing the displayed color.

[0044] The thickness of the liquid crystal layer satisfies the condition that the phase delay of light in the propagation path of the liquid crystal layer exceeds 2π, that is... n*2d>λ, in order to form an effective FP resonant cavity.

[0045] For example, The value of n*2d can be N times λ, where N is an integer greater than 1. For example, n*2d=3λ, or, n*2d=2λ.

[0046] in, n is the birefringence of the liquid crystal molecules, d is the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, and λ is the wavelength of light.

[0047] For example: the birefringence of liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal layer If n is 0.25 and the wavelength of green light is 532 nm, then the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies: d ≥ λ / 2 n≥1064nm.

[0048] The refractive index describes the ratio by which the speed of light or electromagnetic waves propagating in a medium is slowed down relative to the speed of light in a vacuum. For example, if a material has a refractive index of 2.0, then the speed of light in that material is half the speed of light in a vacuum. The refractive index is a dimensionless value, usually greater than 1, because the speed of light is greatest in a vacuum.

[0049] Birefringence is the difference in refractive index between two beams of light that vibrate perpendicularly and travel at different speeds when light passes through an anisotropic crystal.

[0050] An effective FP resonant cavity refers to an asymmetric FP cavity in which the optical path of light can support standing wave resonance at a specified wavelength after more than one round trip within the cavity.

[0051] The emitted light wavelength refers to the resonant wavelength of the FP cavity formed by the liquid crystal cell.

[0052] After the pixel control unit outputs a control voltage to the pixel electrode, the liquid crystal molecules deflect under the action of the control voltage and the common electrode voltage provided by the ITO glass layer.

[0053] tilt angle of liquid crystal molecules The relationship with the target voltage V can be referred to by the following formula:

[0054] in, These are parameters related to vacuum electromagnetic properties. The dielectric anisotropy parameter of the liquid crystal material. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer, For the target voltage, The pretilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules. Let be the elastic constant of the liquid crystal. The bending elastic constant of the liquid crystal is... The tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules. for The second derivative of . As the optical axis of the liquid crystal molecules deflects, the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules changes. The effective refractive index n of the liquid crystal molecules can be calculated using the following formula. eff :

[0055] in, The tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules. The refractive index of the e-ray. denoted as α, which is the refractive index of ordinary light (o-ray).

[0056] After obtaining the effective refractive index n of the liquid crystal molecules eff Then, the resonant wavelength can be calculated using the following formula. λm : λm =2 neffd / m in, neff The effective refractive index of liquid crystal molecules, denoted as the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, m as the resonant order, and denoted as an integer, used to control the range of emitted light.

[0057] Wherein, the effective refractive index n eff The effective refractive index (n) refers to the effective refractive index of a liquid crystal material at a certain operating voltage. eff The effective refractive index n is the operating parameter of the liquid crystal molecule. eff Used to determine the resonant wavelength of the FP cavity.

[0058] The liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in this application uses white light as the incident light source. By controlling the control voltage applied to the pixel electrode, each pixel can independently display colors of different wavelengths, thereby achieving color display.

[0059] It can be understood that the liquid crystal layer is used to change the refractive index according to the control voltage output by the pixel control unit. When incident light passes through the liquid crystal layer, the incident light is split into two beams of light that vibrate in mutually perpendicular directions, called "ordinary light" (o-ray) and "extraordinary light" (e-ray). Due to the birefringence effect of the liquid crystal, the ordinary light and the extraordinary light become out of phase after leaving the material. When the ordinary light and the extraordinary light recombine, interference occurs. That is, in this process, the liquid crystal layer can change the resonant wavelength of the FP cavity formed by the device through the control voltage it receives (i.e., the control voltage output by the pixel control unit). Thus, by changing the resonant wavelength, the pixel display color of the corresponding pixel is changed.

[0060] The liquid crystal layer is made of nematic liquid crystal material.

[0061] Specifically, continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a substrate layer are stacked. A pixel unit is disposed on the side of the substrate layer facing the ITO glass layer. Liquid crystal molecules are disposed in the liquid crystal layer. Pixel electrodes and liquid crystal molecules are disposed correspondingly along the stacking direction.

[0062] Incident light passes through the ITO glass layer and enters the liquid crystal layer, where it is reflected by the pixel electrode to obtain the outgoing light. For any given pixel, the corresponding pixel control unit determines the target voltage and outputs it to the pixel electrode. Under the influence of this target voltage, the liquid crystal molecules in the corresponding liquid crystal layer deflect, adjusting their refractive index. As the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules changes, the resonant wavelength of the FP cavity formed by the liquid crystal layer (i.e., the outgoing light wavelength) changes, thereby altering the color of the outgoing light and outputting the target display color. The target voltage refers to the control voltage used to generate the target display color.

[0063] Specifically, after the pixel control unit outputs the target voltage to the pixel electrode, the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the pixel electrode undergo tilt angle deflection under the action of the target voltage and the common electrode voltage, resulting in a change in the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules. When the retardation of the liquid crystal molecules exceeds 2π, since the transmittance of the ITO glass layer is very high and the reflectance is usually less than 10%, while the reflectance of the pixel electrode in the substrate layer is usually more than 80%, an asymmetric Fabry-Perot Cavity (FP cavity) is formed in the liquid crystal color display device based on single pixel color provided in this application embodiment.

[0064] Based on this, the liquid crystal layer serves as the tunable medium within the FP cavity, the ITO glass layer serves as the reference voltage at one end of the liquid crystal layer to conduct the common electrode voltage, and the pixel electrode serves as the control voltage at the other end of the liquid crystal layer.

[0065] Here, 2π (i.e., 2pi) represents one complete period of phase delay generated when light propagates in the liquid crystal layer. A delay of more than 2π in the liquid crystal molecules means that the wavefront shift generated by light traveling back and forth in the liquid crystal is greater than or equal to one complete wave.

[0066] The tilt angle of liquid crystal molecules refers to the angle between the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules and the normal direction of the substrate surface.

[0067] For example, in practical applications, taking a pixel control unit as an example, the target display color corresponding to the pixel control unit can be determined in advance, and the target voltage corresponding to the target display color can be determined. The target voltage is then sent to the pixel control unit. After the pixel control unit obtains the target voltage, it outputs the target voltage to the pixel electrode, thereby causing the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer corresponding to the pixel electrode to tilt and deflect under the action of the target voltage and the reference voltage. As the tilt angle changes, the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules changes, causing the wavelength of the reflected light to change, thereby changing the color of the emitted light. After the emitted light is emitted, the emitted light of the target display color is output.

[0068] For example, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in this application embodiment is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, for a single pixel unit, the pixel unit displays different colors under different control voltages. For example, it displays gray at 2.1V, bluish-purple at 2.4V, and orange at 2.9V.

[0069] In this embodiment, an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a substrate layer are arranged in layers. Multiple pixel units, including pixel electrodes and pixel control units, are set in the substrate layer. The pixel control unit outputs a control voltage to control the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer. The pixel electrodes provide high reflectivity to reflect light, so that after the incident light is incident, it reaches the pixel electrode for reflection. The wavelength of the reflected light is adjusted by the liquid crystal molecules, thereby adjusting the color of the emitted light and outputting the emitted light of the target display color, realizing color display. Color display can be directly achieved through a single pixel unit, under a frame of white light illumination, and under the action of a single control voltage. This achieves single-pixel color display under white light incidence, thereby achieving the technical effects of omitting color filters, improving light energy utilization, omitting three-color timing control, simplifying the driving circuit, reducing pixel area, improving resolution, and avoiding color separation problems.

[0070] As one possible implementation method, Figure 3 This is another schematic diagram of a liquid crystal color display device based on a single pixel color provided in an embodiment of this application, referring to... Figure 3 As shown, in Figure 1 Based on this, linear polarizers, circular polarizers, or linear polarizers plus quarter-wave plates can be placed on the ITO glass layer.

[0071] It is understandable that interference can occur even without a polarizer. However, since interference from light in different directions will cancel each other out, the intensity of the emitted light will not reach its maximum without a polarizer. Therefore, by placing a linear polarizer, a circular polarizer, or a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate, the intensity of the emitted light can be enhanced.

[0072] In the first example, a linear polarizer can be placed on the ITO glass layer.

[0073] Specifically, the core function of a linear polarizer (or simply polarizer) is to allow light with a specific vibration direction to pass through. Linear polarizers function as both polarizers and polarizers. For reflective silicon-based liquid crystals, adjusting the angle of the linear polarizer can enhance interference and increase the intensity of the emitted light. In other words, choosing the correct angle of the linear polarizer can enhance interference and achieve the maximum emitted light intensity.

[0074] For example, let the angle between the linear polarizer and the liquid crystal alignment direction be . Assuming the incident light for (i.e., polarized along the x-axis), then the output light for:

[0075] Normalized output light intensity for:

[0076] in, Let Γ be the phase difference corresponding to the effective refractive index of the liquid crystal, and Γ be the optical path difference at this point. The imaginary unit, This is the fast-axis phase delay. Since the second term is a constant with respect to the fixed liquid crystal deflection angle θ, when the angle β between the linear deflection and the liquid crystal alignment direction is 45°, When the maximum value of 1 is reached, the light intensity is at its maximum. That is, the intensity of the emitted light is increased.

[0077] In the second example, a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate can be placed on the ITO glass layer.

[0078] Specifically, quarter-wave plates are used for phase compensation. Quarter-wave plates, also known as compensation films, can improve the contrast of the emitted light.

[0079] When incident light passes through the liquid crystal layer at an angle, a tiny phase difference is generated (equivalent to a very weak waveplate). The incident linearly polarized light becomes elliptical light. The phase difference generated by the correctly angled quarter-wave plate is equal in magnitude but opposite in sign to the phase difference leaked by the liquid crystal layer, filtering the elliptical light into linearly polarized light. The dark state is purer. Therefore, the contrast of the outgoing light can be improved by using a quarter-wave plate.

[0080] In the third example, a circular polarizer can be placed on the ITO glass layer.

[0081] Specifically, since a circular polarizer is equivalent to a combination of a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate, good contrast and brightness of outgoing light can be obtained by setting a circular polarizer on the ITO glass layer, or by setting a linear polarizer and a quarter-wave plate.

[0082] As one possible implementation, alignment films are disposed on both the ITO glass layer and the substrate layer, and the alignment films are aligned in parallel.

[0083] Specifically, the alignment film can be an organic triboelectric alignment film, an inorganic vapor-deposited alignment film, or a photoalignment film. Through parallel alignment of the alignment film, the long axes of liquid crystal molecules can be neatly arranged in the same direction, thereby supporting the construction of a high-fidelity FP resonant cavity and spectral selectivity.

[0084] Parallel alignment refers to the fact that the long axes of liquid crystal molecules are basically parallel to the substrate plane at the interface and are neatly arranged in the same direction.

[0085] In the first example, the alignment film can be an organic triboelectric alignment film, which has a simple process and can achieve extremely low azimuth deviation, ensuring the n-axis within the FP cavity. e This ensures consistency in the FF space and also reduces manufacturing costs.

[0086] In the second example, the alignment film can be an inorganic vapor-deposited alignment film, which can reduce scattering loss, improve the quality factor of the FP cavity, and have higher reliability.

[0087] In the third example, the alignment film can be a photoalignment film, which can avoid electrostatic, particle, and mechanical damage, perfectly adapt to submicron pixels, and has a high degree of process integration.

[0088] As one possible implementation, the incident light source is a broadband white light source.

[0089] Among them, the broad-spectrum white light source can be natural light or composite light source.

[0090] Specifically, a broadband white light source refers to a light source whose spectral coverage ranges from 450 nm to 632 nm.

[0091] By setting the incident light source to a broadband white light source, the FP resonant cavity can selectively reflect the corresponding wavelengths of the three primary colors (red, green, and blue) through a single pixel unit without the need for a color filter, thereby improving light energy utilization and significantly reducing display power consumption. Furthermore, it completely eliminates color breakup, resulting in a qualitative leap in the visual experience of dynamic images.

[0092] As one possible implementation, the data format of the image or video to be displayed is a two-dimensional voltage array.

[0093] The data format of the image or video to be displayed can be a voltage value matrix, where an element in the voltage value matrix represents the target voltage of a corresponding pixel unit.

[0094] For example, Figure 4 A color display schematic diagram of a liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in this application embodiment, referring to... Figure 4 As shown, each liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color is a two-dimensional pixel array with a specific resolution. The data format of the image or video to be displayed is a two-dimensional voltage array with the same resolution. One element in the two-dimensional voltage array corresponds to the target voltage of a pixel unit, that is, the hue value of a certain pixel, thereby controlling the display color of the corresponding pixel unit to form a color display.

[0095] As one possible implementation, the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color also includes a driving circuit, which includes a row scanning circuit and a column data circuit. Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the driving circuit for a liquid crystal color display device based on a single pixel color, provided in an embodiment of this application, is shown below. Figure 5 As shown, the row scanning circuit is used to select pixels row by row; the column data circuit is used to write the voltage data corresponding to the target display color when the current row is selected.

[0096] For example, the row scanning circuit includes components such as a shift register, a level shifter, and a switching transistor. The row scanning circuit allows for the activation of the switching transistor (TFT or CMOS transistor) of only one row of pixels at a given time, turning it on and connecting the pixel electrode of that row to the column data bus.

[0097] For example, the column data circuit includes an output buffer amplifier, a digital-to-analog converter, a sample-and-hold circuit, etc. Through the column data circuit, the target voltage corresponding to all pixels in the selected row can be applied in parallel to each column data line within a short window (e.g., 50 ns–100 ns), and written into the storage capacitor under the pixel electrode via a turn-on transistor.

[0098] By using row scanning circuits and column data circuits, each pixel can be loaded with an independent voltage. Thus, after white light is incident, each pixel forms a corresponding FP resonant wavelength according to its own voltage, thereby achieving single-frame full-color display.

[0099] As one possible implementation, when connecting to the output of current mainstream digital displays, the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color also includes a data conversion module; The data conversion module can be a software module built into image source devices such as computers and mobile phones, or it can be implemented using devices with signal processing functions such as FPGAs or DSPs.

[0100] The data conversion module works by: acquiring the target display object; converting the target display object to HSV space to obtain HSV structure data; searching the voltage-HSV space data lookup table of the device for the HSV data closest to the target display object's HSV, obtaining its corresponding voltage based on this HSV data, and then converting the HSV structure data into a two-dimensional voltage array, inputting it into the corresponding multiple pixel control units to enable the device to display the target display object.

[0101] Among them, the closest HSV data refers to the HSV data with the smallest difference from the target display object's HSV. For example, we can first check if there is HSV data that is the same as the target display object's HSV. If it exists, we get the closest HSV data. If it does not exist, we find the HSV data with the smallest difference from the target display object's HSV.

[0102] As you can understand, RGB represents three primary colors: red, green, and blue. Various colors are represented by different combinations of these three colors intensities. RGB uses three channels (R, G, B) to represent an image, and the value of each channel is usually in the range of 0-255 (8 bits) or 0.0-1.0 (floating point).

[0103] The HSV color space is a color model designed for human visual perception. HSV stands for Hue (H), Saturation (S), and Value (V), and it is closer to people's intuitive experience of color perception than RGB.

[0104] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the HSV color space, see reference. Figure 6 As shown, the cross-section of the cylinder can be regarded as a polar coordinate system, where H is represented by the polar angle, S by the polar axis length, and V by the height of the cylinder's central axis.

[0105] In RGB, yellow is determined by three values: (255, 255, 0); while in HSV, yellow is determined by only one value: H=60°, S=100%, V=100%. This single parameter control of a specific color attribute makes HSV more convenient for color selection and adjustment tasks.

[0106] For example, a target display object can be obtained. The target display object can be an image or video frame to be displayed. The target display object includes multiple pixels, each with a target display color.

[0107] For example, the target display object is converted to HSV space to obtain HSV structured data. The specific process can be referred to as follows: Normalize the R, G, and B values ​​from the range [0, 255] to the range [0, 1] to obtain the normalized R', G', and B' values, as shown in the following formula: R' = R / 255 G' = G / 255 B' = B / 255 Based on the normalized R', G', and B' values, calculate the maximum value Cmax, the minimum value Cmin, and the range Δ, as shown in the following formula: Cmax = max(R', G', B') Cmin = min(R', G', B') Δ = Cmax – Cmin After obtaining the maximum value Cmax, the minimum value Cmin, and the range Δ, the hue H, saturation S, and brightness V are calculated.

[0108] Specifically, when Δ = 0, H = 0. When Cmax = R', H = 60° × ((G' - B') / Δ mod 6). When Cmax = G', H = 60° × ((B' - R') / Δ + 2). When Cmax = B', H = 60° × ((R' - G') / Δ + 4).

[0109] Specifically, when Cmax = 0, S = 0. When Cmax ≠ 0, S = Δ / Cmax.

[0110] Specifically, brightness V = Cmax.

[0111] For example, after obtaining the HSV structure data, the HSV structure data is converted into a two-dimensional voltage array according to a pre-obtained voltage-HSV correspondence lookup table, and then input into multiple pixel control units.

[0112] The pre-obtained voltage-HSV lookup table can be obtained through prior testing.

[0113] By acquiring the target display object and converting it to HSV space, the HSV structure data is obtained. Then, based on the pre-obtained voltage-HSV lookup table, the HSV structure data is converted into a two-dimensional voltage array and input into multiple pixel control units. This transforms the complex physical-optical-electrical coupling problem into a calibrable, portable, and low-latency lookup table forward mapping, thereby reducing computational overhead and improving environmental robustness.

[0114] As one possible implementation, when connecting to the output of current mainstream displays, the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color also includes a data conversion module; The data conversion module can be a software module built into image source devices such as computers and mobile phones, or it can be implemented using devices with signal processing functions such as FPGAs or DSPs.

[0115] The data conversion module's working process includes: Obtain the target display object; convert the target display object to LAB space to obtain LAB structure data; search the device's voltage-LAB space data lookup table for the LAB data closest to the target display object's LAB, and obtain its corresponding voltage based on the LAB data; convert the LAB structure data into a two-dimensional voltage array, input it into the corresponding multiple pixel control units, and enable the device to display the target display object.

[0116] The closest LAB data refers to the LAB data with the smallest difference from the target display object LAB. For example, you can first check if there is LAB data that is the same as the target display object LAB. If it exists, you get the closest LAB data. If it does not exist, you find the LAB data with the smallest difference from the target display object LAB.

[0117] Optionally, the target display object can be converted to LAB space (CIELAB) using a preset RGB-LAB conversion algorithm to obtain LAB structure data. Based on a pre-obtained voltage-LAB lookup table, the LAB structure data can be converted into a two-dimensional voltage array and input into multiple pixel control units.

[0118] Among them, the RGB-LAB conversion algorithm can be, for example, the Bradford adaptive transformation algorithm, and the pre-obtained voltage-LAB lookup table can be obtained through pre-testing.

[0119] By acquiring the target display object and converting it into the LAB space to obtain the LAB structure data, and then converting the LAB structure data into a two-dimensional voltage array according to the pre-obtained voltage-LAB lookup table, and inputting it into multiple pixel control units, the color gamut coverage accuracy and color difference control capability in the color display process can be improved, thereby improving the display effect.

[0120] Based on the same inventive concept, another embodiment of this application also provides a liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color. Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart of a liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color provided in an embodiment of this application, referring to... Figure 7 As shown, this method uses white light as the incident light source and includes the following steps: S701 provides a liquid crystal color display device that receives white light incident on a single-pixel color display, wherein the white light covers the visible light band.

[0121] S702. Determine the target voltage corresponding to each pixel based on the target display object, and form a two-dimensional voltage array.

[0122] S703. Apply the target voltage corresponding to each pixel to the pixel electrode of the corresponding pixel unit on the device, so that the pixel control unit generates the corresponding phase delay.

[0123] S704. The pixels on the device emit light within the target wavelength range according to the phase delay amount, wherein each pixel outputs light of the target display color to display the target display object.

[0124] This application enables color display within a single pixel unit, and the screen color display is composed of a two-dimensional pixel array.

[0125] The implementation process of this method can be referred to the description of the aforementioned embodiment of the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color.

[0126] As one possible implementation method, Figure 8 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the formation of a two-dimensional voltage array in the liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color provided in this application embodiment. (Refer to...) Figure 8 As shown, in step S702 above, when determining the target voltage corresponding to each pixel based on the target display object and forming a two-dimensional voltage array, the process includes: The device is tested within the output voltage range of the substrate circuit to obtain color maps corresponding to different voltages. Color space data is extracted from the color maps corresponding to different voltages, and a voltage-color space data lookup table is established based on the color space data. The color space data can be RGB format data, HSV space data, or other arbitrary color space data. The voltage-color space data lookup table stores the color space data representation of different voltages and output colors, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between voltage and output color. During display, based on the data representation of the target display object in the same color space, the algorithm searches the voltage-color space data lookup table to find the closest color representation, resulting in a two-dimensional voltage array.

[0127] Specifically, the device is first tested within the output voltage range of the substrate circuit to obtain color images corresponding to different voltages. Then, color space data is extracted from the color images corresponding to different voltages, and a voltage-color space data lookup table is established after the color space data is extracted.

[0128] The color space data can be RGB format data, HSV space data, or any other color space data. The voltage-color space data lookup table stores the color space data representation of different modulation voltages and output colors, with a one-to-one correspondence between voltage and output color.

[0129] Specifically, other arbitrary color space data can be HSL format data, HIS format data, etc.

[0130] During display, based on the data representation of the target display object in the same color space, a preset algorithm is used to find the color representation in the voltage-color space data lookup table that is closest to the color representation of each pixel of the target display object. After the lookup is completed, a two-dimensional voltage array is obtained, and the two-dimensional voltage array is input into the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color to achieve color display.

[0131] As one possible implementation, if the image source and the device are transmitted via digital signals, then the transmitted data is image grayscale data, i.e., digitized voltage. In step S702 above, the target voltage corresponding to each pixel is determined according to the target display object, forming a two-dimensional voltage array, including: Grayscale data is converted into voltage using a digital-to-analog converter circuit. The device is then tested within the output voltage range of the substrate circuit to obtain color maps corresponding to different voltages. Color space data is extracted from the color maps corresponding to different voltages, and a grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table is established based on this data. The color space data can be in RGB format, HSV format, or any other arbitrary color space. The grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table stores color space data for grayscale, modulation voltage, and output color, with a one-to-one correspondence between grayscale, voltage, and output color. During display, based on the data representation of the target display object in the same color space, the closest color representation in the voltage-color space data lookup table is retrieved to obtain the corresponding grayscale data. The grayscale data is then converted back into voltage using a digital-to-analog converter circuit to obtain a two-dimensional voltage array.

[0132] It is understood that if the image source and the device are transmitted using digital signals, then what is transmitted is the image grayscale data, i.e., the digitized voltage.

[0133] For example, Figure 9 This is another flowchart illustrating the formation of a two-dimensional voltage array in the liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color provided in this application embodiment, referring to... Figure 9 As shown, grayscale data is first converted into voltage by a digital-to-analog converter circuit (DAC circuit). Within the output voltage range, the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in this application embodiment is tested within the output voltage range of the substrate circuit to obtain color maps corresponding to different voltages.

[0134] Specifically, different grayscale voltages can be input to the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in this application embodiment to obtain a color map corresponding to a certain number of grayscale levels. Assuming the device has 256 grayscale levels, a 256-grayscale-color correspondence map is obtained.

[0135] Then, color space data is extracted from the color maps corresponding to different voltages, and a grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table is established based on the color space data.

[0136] Specifically, 256 grayscale images are extracted, and color space data corresponding to each grayscale level—voltage—is calculated. For example, this can be RGB data. The data is then stored and formatted into a lookup table with a fixed format.

[0137] The color space data can be RGB format data, HSV space data, or any other color space data. The grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table stores the color space data of grayscale-modulation voltage-output color, and the grayscale, voltage, and output color in the grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table correspond one-to-one.

[0138] During display, based on the data representation of the target display object in the same color space, a preset lookup algorithm is used to search the voltage-color space data lookup table for the color representation closest to each pixel of the target display object, thus obtaining the corresponding grayscale data. The grayscale data is then converted into voltage using a DAC circuit, resulting in a two-dimensional voltage array. This two-dimensional voltage array includes the voltage data corresponding to each pixel of the image.

[0139] Based on this, the obtained two-dimensional voltage array is then input into the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color provided in the embodiments of this application to realize color display.

[0140] The DAC circuit can be integrated into the single-pixel color liquid crystal display device provided in this application embodiment, or it can be an external DAC module.

[0141] The following provides several specific embodiments of the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color according to this application.

[0142] Example 1: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a substrate layer, wherein the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies n*2d=3λ, and the incident light source is a broadband white light source.

[0143] Example 2: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a substrate layer, wherein the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies n*2d=2λ.

[0144] Example 3: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a substrate layer, wherein the thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies n*2d=4λ.

[0145] Example 4: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate layer, and a linear polarizer disposed on the ITO glass layer. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies... n*2d=4λ.

[0146] Example 5: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate layer, and a circular polarizer disposed on the ITO glass layer. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies... n*2d=2λ.

[0147] Example 6: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate layer, and a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate disposed on the ITO glass layer. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies... n*2d=3λ.

[0148] Example 7: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate layer, and a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate disposed on the ITO glass layer. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies... n*2d=4λ.

[0149] Example 8: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate layer, and a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate disposed on the ITO glass layer. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies... n*2d=2λ, alignment films are provided on both the ITO glass layer and the substrate layer. The alignment films are parallel and are inorganic vapor-deposited alignment films.

[0150] Example 9: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate layer, and a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate disposed on the ITO glass layer. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies... n*2d=4λ, alignment films are provided on both the ITO glass layer and the substrate layer. The alignment films are parallel aligned and are organic triboelectric alignment films. The incident light source is a broadband white light source.

[0151] Example 10: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate layer, a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate disposed on the ITO glass layer, and a driving circuit. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies... n*2d=4λ, alignment films are provided on both the ITO glass layer and the substrate layer. The alignment films are parallel aligned and are organic triboelectric alignment films. The incident light source is a broadband white light source.

[0152] Example 11: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate layer, a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate disposed on the ITO glass layer, a driving circuit, and a data conversion module. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies... n*2d=4λ, alignment films are provided on both the ITO glass layer and the substrate layer. The alignment films are parallel aligned and are organic triboelectric alignment films. The incident light source is a broadband white light source.

[0153] Example 12: A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color includes: an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, a substrate layer, a linear polarizer disposed on the ITO glass layer, and a data conversion module. The thickness d of the liquid crystal layer satisfies... n*2d=4λ, alignment films are provided on both the ITO glass layer and the substrate layer. The alignment films are parallel aligned and are organic triboelectric alignment films. The incident light source is a broadband white light source.

[0154] It is understood that the above embodiments of this application all have the following significant technical effects: 1. Omitting color filters improves light energy utilization. This application achieves color display directly through a single-pixel structure, eliminating the need for color filters used in traditional LCDs. Color filters typically absorb about two-thirds of the white light energy, while this application can increase light energy utilization to over 60%, significantly reducing display power consumption. It is particularly suitable for power-sensitive applications such as mobile devices.

[0155] 2. Eliminate three-color timing control to simplify the drive circuit. Compared to field-sequential color display technology, this application does not require a complex three-color LED timing control circuit. Traditional FSC technology requires precise control of the lighting sequence of the red, green, and blue backlights, placing extremely high demands on the driving circuit. This application uses a white backlight and achieves color selection through the internal structure of a single pixel, greatly simplifying the driving circuit design and reducing system cost and failure rate.

[0156] 3. Reduce pixel size and increase resolution. Traditional color filter technology requires three sub-pixels (RGB) within a single pixel, while this application enables color display for each pixel. With the same display area, the number of pixels in this application can be increased by approximately three times, or the pixel area can be reduced by approximately two-thirds while maintaining the same resolution, which is beneficial for achieving higher resolution display panels.

[0157] 4. Avoid color separation problems Field-sequential color display technology suffers from color breakup, which can produce a rainbow effect when displaying moving images or when the human eye moves rapidly. This application uses continuous white light illumination, displaying all colors simultaneously, fundamentally eliminating the color breakup problem and providing a superior visual experience.

[0158] The above are merely specific embodiments of this application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color, characterized in that, include: The layers consist of an ITO glass layer, a liquid crystal layer, and a substrate layer. The substrate layer is provided with a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit including a pixel electrode and a pixel control unit. The pixel control unit outputs a control voltage to control the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer to generate a controllable phase delay. The pixel electrode provides high reflectivity to reflect light. The ITO glass layer is used to conduct the common electrode voltage and has high transmittance to incident light; The liquid crystal layer is used to change its refractive index according to the control voltage of the pixel control unit. The thickness of the liquid crystal layer satisfies the condition that the phase delay of light in the propagation path of the liquid crystal layer exceeds 2π. n*2d>λ, to form an effective FP resonant cavity, wherein the effective FP resonant cavity refers to an asymmetric FP cavity in which the optical path of light can support standing wave resonance of a specified wavelength through more than one round trip within the cavity; The device uses white light as the incident light source and controls the control voltage applied to the pixel electrode so that each pixel can independently display colors of different wavelengths, thereby achieving color display.

2. The liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color according to claim 1, characterized in that, A linear polarizer, a circular polarizer, or a linear polarizer plus a quarter-wave plate can be placed on the ITO glass layer.

3. The liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the ITO glass layer and the substrate layer are provided with alignment films, and the alignment films are aligned in parallel.

4. The liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color according to claim 1, characterized in that, The incident light source is a broadband white light source.

5. The liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data format of the image or video to be displayed is a two-dimensional voltage array.

6. The liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The driving circuit includes: a row scanning circuit and a column data circuit; The row scanning circuit is used to select pixels row by row; the column data circuit is used to write the voltage data corresponding to the target display color when the current row is selected.

7. The liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color according to claim 1, characterized in that, When connecting to the output of mainstream digital displays, the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color also includes a data conversion module; The data conversion module operates as follows: Get the target display object; Convert the target display object to HSV space to obtain HSV structured data; The device searches for the HSV data that is closest to the HSV of the target display object in the voltage-HSV space lookup table, and obtains the corresponding voltage based on the HSV data. The data of the HSV structure is converted into a two-dimensional voltage array, which is then input into the corresponding multiple pixel control units to enable the device to display the target display object.

8. The liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color according to claim 1, characterized in that, When connecting to the output of current mainstream displays, the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color also includes a data conversion module; The data conversion module operates as follows: Get the target display object; Convert the target display object to the LAB space to obtain the data of the LAB structure; The device searches for the LAB data that is closest to the target display object LAB in the voltage-LAB space data lookup table, and obtains its corresponding voltage based on the LAB data. The data of the LAB structure is converted into a two-dimensional voltage array, which is then input into the corresponding multiple pixel control units to enable the device to display the target display object.

9. A liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color, characterized in that, Using white light as the incident light source includes the following steps: (a) Providing white light incident on the liquid crystal color display device based on single-pixel color, the white light covering the visible light band; (b) Determine the target voltage for each pixel based on the target display object, and form a two-dimensional voltage array; (c) Apply the target voltage corresponding to each pixel to the pixel electrode of the corresponding pixel unit on the device, so that the pixel control unit generates the corresponding phase delay; (d) The pixels on the device emit light in the target wavelength range according to the phase delay amount, wherein each pixel outputs light of the target display color to display the target display object.

10. The liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of determining the target voltage corresponding to each pixel based on the target display object to form a two-dimensional voltage array includes: The device was tested within the output voltage range of the substrate circuit to obtain color maps corresponding to different voltages; Color space data is extracted from the color maps corresponding to different voltages, and a voltage-color space data lookup table is established based on the color space data. The color space data is RGB format data, HSV space data, or any other color space data. The voltage-color space data lookup table stores color space data representations of different voltages and output colors, and the voltage and the output color have a one-to-one correspondence. During display, based on the data representation of the target display object in the same color space, the closest color representation in the voltage-color space data lookup table is obtained, thus obtaining the two-dimensional voltage array.

11. The liquid crystal color display method based on single-pixel color according to claim 9, characterized in that, If the image source and the device are transmitted via digital signals, the step of determining the target voltage corresponding to each pixel based on the target display object and forming a two-dimensional voltage array includes: The grayscale data is converted into voltage using a digital-to-analog converter circuit, and the device is tested within the output voltage range of the substrate circuit to obtain color maps corresponding to different voltages. Color space data is extracted from the color maps corresponding to different voltages, and a grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table is established based on the color space data. The color space data is RGB format data, or HSV space data, or any other color space data. The grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table stores the color space data of grayscale-modulation voltage-output color. The grayscale, voltage and output color in the grayscale-voltage-color space data lookup table correspond one-to-one. During display, based on the data representation of the target display object in the same color space, the closest color representation in the voltage-color space data lookup table is found to obtain the corresponding grayscale data. Then, the grayscale data is converted into voltage through the digital-to-analog conversion circuit to obtain the two-dimensional voltage array.

Images