A dynamic monitoring system for desertification process in the Yellow River basin

Abstract

This invention discloses a dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin, relating to the field of ecological protection and management technology. The system includes: a unit deployment module, a location determination module, an indicator adaptation module, a stage tracking module, and a control closed-loop module. This invention completes hardware deployment and data communication networking by deploying adaptive monitoring units along different river sections of the Yellow River Basin. This enables the collection of comprehensive basic monitoring data and determination of geographical coordinates. Coordinate matching calculations are then performed, and abnormal geographical coordinates are eliminated to accurately determine the river section intervals for monitoring points. Simultaneously, based on the characteristics of the dominant driving forces of desertification corresponding to each river section interval, desertification monitoring indicator data are extracted layer by layer, and irrelevant and redundant data are eliminated. This technology relies on integrated monitoring hardware and a positioning verification mechanism to avoid river section determination errors caused by positioning deviations. Through indicator adaptation logic based on driving characteristics, interference from non-related data on monitoring results is eliminated, thus aligning with the desertification evolution mechanism of the corresponding river section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of ecological protection and management technology, specifically to a dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin. Background Technology

[0002] The Yellow River Basin is an important ecological barrier and a core carrier for regional development. The ecological stability of the basin directly affects the level of sustainable development in the region. Due to the combined effects of climate fluctuations, topographical differences, and human production activities, the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River exhibit significantly different desertification characteristics. The upper reaches are mainly characterized by wind erosion desertification, the middle reaches by water erosion desertification, and the lower reaches by soil salinization desertification. The continuous evolution of desertification will lead to ecological problems such as declining land productivity, reduced vegetation cover, and imbalanced water resource allocation, exacerbating the vulnerability of the basin's ecological environment and posing continuous challenges to ecological restoration, land management, and the protection of production and livelihoods along the river. Accurately grasping the dynamic evolution of desertification and achieving refined regional monitoring and intelligent management have become core requirements for the ecological governance of the basin.

[0003] However, current desertification monitoring and control technologies in the Yellow River Basin mostly adopt a unified monitoring model across the entire basin, failing to conduct targeted monitoring based on the differences in the dominant driving forces of desertification in different river sections. This results in insufficient adaptability of monitoring data to the actual desertification types in each river section. Existing monitoring equipment lacks a geographic coordinate anomaly verification and removal mechanism, making it susceptible to distortion of river section division results due to location signal drift. Furthermore, the collection of monitoring indicators lacks tiered filtering logic, leading to a large amount of redundant data that interferes with the accuracy of monitoring results. In addition, existing technologies cannot dynamically adjust the monitoring sampling frequency and early warning thresholds according to the real-time evolution of desertification. The monitoring rhythm and early warning standards have been fixed for a long time, making it difficult to adapt to the actual trend of dynamic changes in desertification. In the control phase, governance measures are mostly formulated based on experience, without the establishment of a standardized control database and a hierarchical matching mechanism. This makes it impossible to accurately match appropriate control solutions with monitoring status, making it difficult to form a complete integrated closed-loop system of monitoring, identification, adaptation, and control. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin. This invention completes hardware deployment and data communication networking by deploying adaptive monitoring units along different river sections of the Yellow River. This enables the collection of comprehensive basic monitoring data and determination of geographical coordinates. Coordinate matching calculations are then performed, and abnormal geographical coordinates are eliminated to accurately determine the river section intervals for monitoring points. Simultaneously, based on the characteristics of the dominant driving forces of desertification corresponding to each river section interval, desertification monitoring indicator data is extracted hierarchically, and irrelevant redundant data is eliminated. The indicators in the middle and lower reaches are correlated, and a monitoring indicator extraction logic adapted to different desertification types in different river sections is constructed. This technology relies on integrated monitoring hardware and a positioning verification mechanism to avoid river section determination errors caused by positioning deviations. Through indicator adaptation logic based on driving characteristics, interference from non-correlated data on monitoring results is eliminated, thus conforming to the desertification evolution mechanism of the corresponding river section.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin, the system comprising: Unit deployment module: Deploy adaptive monitoring units along the Yellow River basin in different sections, complete the hardware deployment and data communication network of monitoring points, collect basic monitoring data and determine the geographical coordinates of each monitoring point, transmit the basic monitoring data to the indicator adaptation module, and transmit the geographical coordinates to the location determination module. Location determination module: Receives geographic coordinates, determines the river section of the Yellow River Basin where the current adaptive monitoring unit is located, forms the river section location result, and transmits the river section location result to the indicator adaptation module and the stage tracking module; Indicator Adaptation Module: Receives basic monitoring data and river section location results, matches the desertification dominant driving force characteristics corresponding to the river section, determines the desertification monitoring indicator data of the corresponding river section based on the basic monitoring data, and transmits the desertification monitoring indicator data to the stage tracking module. Stage tracking module: Receives the positioning results of river section intervals and desertification monitoring index data, determines the real-time evolution stage of desertification process based on the desertification evolution stage judgment rules of each river section in the Yellow River Basin, and adjusts the sampling frequency and early warning threshold of each desertification monitoring index data in the same river section. The adjusted sampling frequency is transmitted to the index adaptation module, and the adjusted early warning threshold is transmitted to the control closed loop module. Closed-loop management module: Constructs a database of current ecological protection and management requirements, receives adjusted early warning thresholds, retrieves desertification monitoring index data after adjusting sampling frequency to determine the state of exceeding the standard, matches corresponding management and control measures based on the determination results, and generates hierarchical management and control instructions for management and control.

[0006] Furthermore, in the unit deployment module, the entire Yellow River basin is divided into upstream, midstream, and downstream sections, and adaptive monitoring units are deployed in each section. Each adaptive monitoring unit integrates wind speed monitoring sensors, sand migration monitoring sensors, soil erosion monitoring sensors, vegetation coverage monitoring sensors, soil salinity monitoring sensors, and groundwater level monitoring sensors. The collected basic monitoring data includes wind speed monitoring data, sand migration monitoring data, soil erosion monitoring data, vegetation coverage monitoring data, soil salinity monitoring data, and groundwater level monitoring data. The adaptive monitoring unit has built-in wireless communication and positioning components. The positioning component determines the real-time geographical coordinates of the monitoring points, and the wireless communication component transmits the real-time geographical coordinates and basic monitoring data.

[0007] Furthermore, the location determination module pre-stores the geographical coordinate boundary data of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. When performing river section positioning, the received real-time geographical coordinates are compared with the pre-stored geographical coordinate boundary data using the river section coordinate matching formula to calculate the matching degree. Abnormal geographical coordinates are then eliminated based on the matching degree to obtain the river section positioning result.

[0008] Furthermore, in the location determination module, the formula for matching river segment coordinates is: ,in, For coordinate matching degree, This is the real-time geographic coordinate longitude value. This is the real-time geographic coordinate latitude value. All are determined using real-time geographic coordinates. The longitude values ​​of the river section boundary are... The coordinates of the river section boundary are in latitude and longitude. All are determined using the geographical coordinate boundary data of the river section; when When the coordinates are abnormal, they are identified as abnormal geographic coordinates.

[0009] Furthermore, in the indicator adaptation module, based on the received river segment location results, the dominant driving force characteristics of desertification for the corresponding river segment are matched. Specifically, the upstream river segment corresponds to wind erosion driving characteristics, the midstream river segment corresponds to water erosion driving characteristics, and the downstream river segment corresponds to salinization driving characteristics. Based on the collected basic monitoring data, wind speed monitoring data and sand migration monitoring data are extracted for the upstream river segment, and non-wind erosion related data, namely soil erosion monitoring data, vegetation coverage monitoring data, soil salinity monitoring data, and groundwater level monitoring data, are removed. Soil erosion monitoring data and vegetation coverage monitoring data are extracted for the midstream river segment and correlation processing is performed. Soil salinity monitoring data and groundwater level monitoring data are extracted for the downstream river segment and correlation processing is performed, thereby obtaining desertification monitoring indicator data for each river segment.

[0010] Furthermore, in the stage tracking module, the desertification evolution stage determination rules are generated by fitting historical desertification monitoring data of each river section, including a three-level stage division of mild, moderate, and severe desertification and corresponding stage thresholds. After receiving the river section interval positioning results and desertification monitoring index data of each river section, the module retrieves the desertification evolution stage determination rules for each river section of the Yellow River Basin, calculates the current desertification stage determination value using the desertification stage evolution determination formula, determines the current desertification evolution stage based on the current desertification stage determination value, and synchronously adjusts the sampling frequency and early warning threshold of the corresponding river section desertification monitoring index data according to the river section interval positioning results and evolution stage. The early warning threshold is the critical value of the index that triggers the control command. The sampling frequency of the mild stage is lower than that of the moderate stage, and the moderate stage is lower than that of the severe stage. The early warning threshold of the mild stage is higher than that of the moderate stage, and the moderate stage is higher than that of the severe stage. The adjusted sampling frequency and early warning threshold are then transmitted to the control closed-loop module and simultaneously sent back to the index adaptation module.

[0011] Furthermore, in the stage tracking module, the desertification stage evolution determination formula is: ,in, This value is used to determine the stage of desertification, and its range is 0-1. , The normalized values ​​for desertification monitoring indicators for each river section are obtained through normalization processing. The upstream wind-eroded river section corresponds to wind speed monitoring data and sand migration monitoring data; the midstream water-eroded river section corresponds to soil erosion monitoring data and vegetation cover monitoring data; and the downstream salinized river section corresponds to soil salinity monitoring data and groundwater level monitoring data. , The weighting coefficients for the indicators are determined by fitting historical desertification evolution data for each river section, and ;when At that time, it was judged as mild desertification. At that time, it was determined to be moderate desertification. At that time, it was determined to be severe desertification.

[0012] Furthermore, the control closed-loop module integrates historical desertification monitoring data, historical ecological protection red line control data, historical desertification control effectiveness data, and historical data on the ecological carrying capacity of river sections in the Yellow River Basin to construct a current ecological protection control requirements database. This database stores control measures for corresponding river section types and corresponding desertification stages. It receives adjusted early warning thresholds and continuously acquires desertification monitoring indicator data after adjusting the sampling frequency. Based on the adjusted early warning thresholds for the corresponding river sections, it determines the exceedance status and calculates the difference between the adjusted early warning thresholds and the values ​​of the monitoring indicators exceeding the standards. It calculates the matching degree of control measures using a matching formula, selects the corresponding control measures from the current ecological protection control requirements database based on the matching degree, generates hierarchical control instructions, and sends them to the corresponding execution terminals for control in each river section, forming an integrated dynamic management closed loop of monitoring, identification, adaptation, and control.

[0013] Furthermore, in the control closed-loop module, the formula for calculating the matching of control measures is as follows: ,in, The value ranges from 0 to 1, representing the degree of matching of control measures. This is the value used to determine the stage of desertification. For coordinate matching degree, The benchmark values ​​for the river section were determined using measured data of the geographical boundaries of the entire Yellow River basin. For monitoring indicators exceeding the standard value, The coupling correction coefficients were determined by fitting historical desertification control operation data from the Yellow River Basin; when At that time, high-intensity control measures were selected for the corresponding river sections and stages of desertification. At that time, select medium-intensity control measures for the corresponding river section and the corresponding stage of desertification. At that time, conventional control measures for the corresponding river sections and the corresponding stages of desertification are selected.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin has the following advantages: I. This invention completes hardware deployment and data communication networking by deploying adaptive monitoring units along different river sections of the Yellow River basin. This enables the collection of basic monitoring data and determination of geographic coordinates across all dimensions. Coordinate matching calculations are then performed, and abnormal geographic coordinates are eliminated to accurately determine the river section intervals of the monitoring points. Simultaneously, based on the characteristics of the dominant desertification driving forces corresponding to the river section intervals, desertification monitoring indicator data is extracted layer by layer, and irrelevant and redundant data are eliminated. The indicators in the middle and lower reaches are correlated, and a monitoring indicator extraction logic adapted to different desertification types in different river sections is constructed. This technology relies on integrated monitoring hardware and a positioning verification mechanism to avoid river section determination errors caused by positioning deviations. Through the indicator adaptation logic based on driving characteristics, interference from non-correlated data on monitoring results is eliminated, thus conforming to the desertification evolution mechanism of the corresponding river section.

[0015] Second, this invention determines the real-time evolution stage of desertification by identifying the stages of desertification evolution, and simultaneously and dynamically adjusts the sampling frequency and early warning threshold of desertification monitoring indicators in each river section, constructing a dynamic monitoring and control mechanism that matches the degree of desertification development. At the same time, it constructs a database of current ecological protection and management requirements, and achieves hierarchical matching between monitoring status and management plans through management measure matching calculations, generating standardized hierarchical management instructions and issuing them to the corresponding river section execution terminals. This technology breaks the limitations of the traditional fixed monitoring and management model, allowing the monitoring rhythm and early warning standards to adapt to the desertification stage in real time, and screening management measures to form an integrated dynamic management closed loop of monitoring, identification, adaptation, and management, ensuring that desertification control measures are highly consistent with the real-time ecological status of the watershed.

[0016] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1 A flowchart of a dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin; Figure 2 This is a framework diagram of a stage tracking module in a dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin. Figure 3 This is a framework diagram of a closed-loop control module in a dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0020] Example: In response to the practical application scenarios of dynamic monitoring and governance of desertification across the Yellow River Basin, dynamic monitoring of the desertification process in the Yellow River Basin is conducted, focusing on the desertification evolution characteristics of the upstream wind-erosion-dominated river section, the midstream water-erosion-dominated river section, and the downstream salinization-dominated river section.

[0021] Unit Deployment Module: First, the entire Yellow River basin is divided into three independent control areas—upper reaches, middle reaches, and lower reaches—based on natural geographical features. Adaptive monitoring units are deployed within each river section, completing the fixed hardware installation and data communication network setup for all monitoring points to ensure full-area monitoring network coverage. The deployed adaptive monitoring units integrate six types of monitoring equipment: wind speed sensors, sand migration sensors, soil erosion sensors, vegetation cover sensors, soil salinity sensors, and groundwater level sensors. These sensors continuously and stably collect environmental data within their respective river sections, comprehensively acquiring data on wind speed, sand migration, soil erosion, vegetation cover, soil salinity, and groundwater level, forming basic monitoring data covering multiple environmental indicators. The built-in positioning component of the adaptive monitoring unit continuously operates, determining the precise geographical coordinates of each monitoring point in real time. The built-in wireless communication component maintains uninterrupted communication, stably transmitting real-time geographical coordinates to the location determination module, while simultaneously transmitting complete basic monitoring data to the indicator adaptation module, such as… Figure 1 As shown, the real-time nature, integrity, and transmission stability of location and monitoring information are ensured from the source of data acquisition, providing reliable data support for the operation of subsequent modules.

[0022] Location determination module: First, it receives the transmitted real-time geographic coordinates and retrieves pre-stored geographic coordinate boundary data for the upper, middle, and lower reaches of the Yellow River. This boundary data covers the longitude and latitude range of each river section, providing a standard reference for river section positioning. Then, it calculates the matching degree between the real-time geographic coordinates and the geographic coordinate boundary data using a river section coordinate matching formula. The river section coordinate matching formula is as follows: ,in, For coordinate matching degree, This is the real-time geographic coordinate longitude value. This is the real-time geographic coordinate latitude value. All are determined using real-time geographic coordinates. The longitude values ​​of the river section boundary are... The coordinates of the river section boundary are in latitude and longitude. All were determined using the geographic coordinate boundary data of the river section; then, anomaly geographic coordinate removal was performed based on the coordinate matching degree. When an abnormal geographic coordinate is detected, it is removed to effectively avoid positioning errors caused by location signal drift and environmental interference. A certain monitoring point was found to have a coordinate matching degree of 0.006, so the geographic coordinate was determined to be a valid coordinate. After abnormal coordinate removal and accurate calculation, an accurate river section positioning result is finally formed, which clarifies the specific river section to which each adaptive monitoring unit belongs. The river section positioning result is then synchronously transmitted to the indicator adaptation module and the stage tracking module. This ensures the regional targeting of subsequent monitoring and control operations from the positioning stage and prevents the occurrence of cross-river section misjudgment.

[0023] The indicator adaptation module receives basic monitoring data and river segment location results. It first accurately matches the dominant desertification driving force characteristics of the corresponding river segment based on the location results: wind erosion driving characteristics for the upstream segment, water erosion driving characteristics for the midstream segment, and salinization driving characteristics for the downstream segment. This ensures the indicator processing logic perfectly aligns with the core causes of desertification in each river segment. Based on the collected basic monitoring data, it conducts segment-specific indicator screening and processing. For the upstream segment, it focuses on extracting wind speed and sand migration monitoring data, and comprehensively removes non-wind erosion-related data, eliminating interference from monitoring data unrelated to wind erosion and desertification. In the middle reaches of the river, soil erosion monitoring data and vegetation cover monitoring data were extracted, and correlation processing was performed on the two types of data to establish the correspondence between the degree of soil erosion and the vegetation cover status. In the lower reaches of the river, soil salinity monitoring data and groundwater level monitoring data were extracted, and correlation processing was performed on the two types of data to clarify the intrinsic relationship between soil salinization and groundwater level changes. Through stratified screening, redundancy removal, and correlation processing, desertification monitoring index data for each river section were finally obtained. The desertification monitoring index data was then transmitted to the stage tracking module to improve the accuracy of subsequent stage judgments and avoid invalid data from interfering with the judgment.

[0024] The stage tracking module stores desertification evolution stage determination rules generated by fitting historical desertification monitoring data for each river section. These rules clearly define three levels of desertification: mild, moderate, and severe, and set corresponding stage determination thresholds. After receiving the river section location results and desertification monitoring index data for each river section, it retrieves the desertification evolution stage determination rules for each river section in the Yellow River Basin and calculates the current desertification stage determination value using the desertification stage evolution determination formula. The desertification stage evolution determination formula is as follows: ,in, This value is used to determine the stage of desertification, and its range is 0-1. , The normalized values ​​for desertification monitoring indicators for each river section are obtained through normalization processing. The upstream wind-eroded river section corresponds to wind speed monitoring data and sand migration monitoring data; the midstream water-eroded river section corresponds to soil erosion monitoring data and vegetation cover monitoring data; and the downstream salinized river section corresponds to soil salinity monitoring data and groundwater level monitoring data. , The weighting coefficients for the indicators are determined by fitting historical desertification evolution data for each river section, and Then, based on the desertification stage assessment value, determine the current real-time evolution stage of desertification. At that time, it was judged as mild desertification. At that time, it was determined to be moderate desertification. At that time, it was determined to be severe desertification; after calculation and judgment, the desertification stage judgment value of the upstream wind-eroded river section was 0.75, and the desertification status of this river section was judged as severe; the desertification stage judgment value of the midstream water-eroded river section was 0.4, and the desertification status of this river section was judged as moderate; the desertification stage judgment value of the downstream salinized river section was 0.2, and the desertification status of this river section was judged as mild; after completing the stage judgment, according to the positioning results of the river section interval and the real-time evolution stage of desertification, the sampling frequency and early warning threshold of the core monitoring indicators of the corresponding river section were adjusted synchronously, such as Figure 2 As shown, the warning threshold is the critical value of the indicator that triggers the control command. The adjustment rule follows the standard that the sampling frequency is lower in the mild stage than in the moderate stage, lower in the moderate stage than in the severe stage, higher in the mild stage than in the moderate stage, and higher in the moderate stage than in the severe stage. Because the upstream wind erosion section is determined to be in the severe stage, the sampling frequency is adjusted to 4 times / hour, and the wind speed warning threshold is adjusted to 6 m / s; the midstream water erosion section is determined to be in the moderate stage, the sampling frequency is adjusted to 1 time / hour, and the soil erosion rate warning threshold is adjusted to 3 t / km. 2 a; The downstream salinization section is determined to be in a mild stage, and the sampling frequency is set to 1 time / 4 hours, with the soil salinity warning threshold set to 0.3%; After the adjustment, the adjusted sampling frequency is sent back to the indicator adaptation module to optimize the subsequent data collection rhythm, and the adjusted warning threshold is transmitted to the control closed-loop module to provide accurate critical standards for subsequent control judgments, thereby achieving dynamic adaptation of monitoring parameters to the desertification evolution stage.

[0025] The closed-loop management module first integrates historical desertification monitoring data, historical ecological protection red line management data, historical desertification control effectiveness data, and historical data on the ecological carrying capacity of river sections in the Yellow River Basin. It then standardizes and archives this data, constructing a database of current ecological protection management requirements. Internally, it stores a complete set of management measures categorized according to river section type and corresponding desertification stage, allowing for rapid retrieval and matching. After receiving adjusted warning thresholds, it continuously retrieves desertification monitoring indicator data after adjusting the sampling frequency, and applies the adjusted warning thresholds to the desertification monitoring indicators for the corresponding river sections. The data was used to determine if it exceeded the standard. Specifically, the real-time desertification monitoring data was compared with the adjusted warning threshold for the corresponding river section. If the real-time monitoring data was greater than or equal to the warning threshold, the monitoring indicator was considered to have exceeded the standard; if the real-time monitoring data was less than the warning threshold, the monitoring indicator was considered not to have exceeded the standard. The real-time wind speed monitoring data for the upstream wind-eroded river section was 7 m / s, which exceeded the 6 m / s wind speed warning threshold for the severe stage of the river section; therefore, the wind speed monitoring indicator was determined to have exceeded the standard. The real-time soil erosion rate monitoring data for the midstream water-eroded river section was 2.5 t / km². 2 a, less than 3 t / km of the moderate stage of this river section 2 The soil erosion rate warning threshold for river section a is met, therefore the soil erosion rate monitoring indicator is determined not to exceed the standard. The real-time soil salinity monitoring data for the downstream salinized river section is 0.25%, which is lower than the 0.3% soil salinity warning threshold for the mild stage of this river section; therefore, the soil salinity monitoring indicator is determined not to exceed the standard. After determining the exceedance status, the difference between the desertification monitoring indicator data and the adjusted warning threshold for the corresponding river section is calculated to obtain the exceedance value of the monitoring indicator. Subsequently, the matching degree of control measures is calculated using the control measure matching calculation formula, which is: ,in, The value ranges from 0 to 1, representing the degree of matching of control measures. This is the value used to determine the stage of desertification. For coordinate matching degree, The benchmark values ​​for the river section were determined using measured data of the geographical boundaries of the entire Yellow River basin. For monitoring indicators exceeding the standard value, The coupling correction coefficients were determined by fitting historical desertification control operation data from the Yellow River Basin; when At that time, high-intensity control measures were selected for the corresponding river sections and stages of desertification. At that time, select medium-intensity control measures for the corresponding river section and the corresponding stage of desertification. At that time, conventional control measures for corresponding river sections and desertification stages were selected. The upstream wind-eroded river section had a calculated control measure matching degree of 0.88, therefore, high-intensity control measures corresponding to the severe desertification stage were matched. The midstream water-eroded river section had a calculated control measure matching degree of 0.55, therefore, medium-intensity control measures corresponding to the moderate desertification stage were matched. The downstream salinized river section had a calculated control measure matching degree of 0.32, therefore, conventional control measures corresponding to the mild desertification stage were matched. After selection, standardized hierarchical control instructions were generated based on the matching results, such as... Figure 3 As shown, hierarchical control instructions are sent to the corresponding execution terminals in each river section to implement control measures. This forms an integrated dynamic management closed loop of monitoring, identification, adaptation, and control, truly realizing the classification, phased, refined, and intelligent monitoring and governance of desertification in the Yellow River Basin, and fully adapting to the actual governance needs of the dynamic evolution of desertification in the basin.

[0026] In summary, this study addresses the practical application scenarios of dynamic monitoring and governance of desertification across the entire Yellow River Basin. Through the coordinated operation of various modules, it completes the deployment of monitoring for different river sections, verification of anomalies, adaptation and processing of monitoring indicators, determination of desertification stages, dynamic adjustment of monitoring parameters, and implementation of hierarchical control. This effectively compensates for the shortcomings of traditional desertification monitoring and control models, constructs a complete integrated dynamic management closed loop of monitoring, identification, adaptation, and control, and meets the actual needs of desertification governance in different river sections of the Yellow River Basin. It provides stable and reliable technical support for the refined and intelligent monitoring and governance of desertification in the basin.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin, characterized in that, The system includes: Unit deployment module: Deploy adaptive monitoring units along the Yellow River basin in different sections, complete the hardware deployment and data communication network of monitoring points, collect basic monitoring data and determine the geographical coordinates of each monitoring point, transmit the basic monitoring data to the indicator adaptation module, and transmit the geographical coordinates to the location determination module. Location determination module: Receives geographic coordinates, determines the river section of the Yellow River Basin where the current adaptive monitoring unit is located, forms the river section location result, and transmits the river section location result to the indicator adaptation module and the stage tracking module; Indicator Adaptation Module: Receives basic monitoring data and river section location results, matches the desertification dominant driving force characteristics corresponding to the river section, determines the desertification monitoring indicator data of the corresponding river section based on the basic monitoring data, and transmits the desertification monitoring indicator data to the stage tracking module. Stage tracking module: Receives the positioning results of river section intervals and desertification monitoring index data, determines the real-time evolution stage of desertification process based on the desertification evolution stage judgment rules of each river section in the Yellow River Basin, and adjusts the sampling frequency and early warning threshold of each desertification monitoring index data in the same river section. The adjusted sampling frequency is transmitted to the index adaptation module, and the adjusted early warning threshold is transmitted to the control closed loop module. Closed-loop management module: Constructs a database of current ecological protection and management requirements, receives adjusted early warning thresholds, retrieves desertification monitoring index data after adjusting sampling frequency to determine the state of exceeding the standard, matches corresponding management and control measures based on the determination results, and generates hierarchical management and control instructions for management and control.

2. The dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unit deployment module divides the entire Yellow River basin into the upstream, middle, and downstream sections, and deploys adaptive monitoring units for each section. The adaptive monitoring unit integrates wind speed monitoring sensors, sand migration monitoring sensors, soil erosion monitoring sensors, vegetation coverage monitoring sensors, soil salinity monitoring sensors, and groundwater level monitoring sensors. The basic monitoring data collected includes wind speed monitoring data, sand migration monitoring data, soil erosion monitoring data, vegetation coverage monitoring data, soil salinity monitoring data, and groundwater level monitoring data. The adaptive monitoring unit has built-in wireless communication and positioning components. The positioning component determines the real-time geographical coordinates of the monitoring point, and the wireless communication component transmits the real-time geographical coordinates and basic monitoring data.

3. The dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the location determination module, the geographical coordinate boundary data of the upper, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River are pre-stored. When performing river section positioning, the received real-time geographical coordinates are compared with the pre-stored geographical coordinate boundary data. The matching degree is calculated using the river section coordinate matching formula. Abnormal geographical coordinates are eliminated based on the matching degree, thereby obtaining the river section positioning result.

4. The dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin according to claim 3, characterized in that, In the location determination module, the river segment coordinate matching formula is: ,in, For coordinate matching degree, This is the real-time geographic coordinate longitude value. This is the real-time geographic coordinate latitude value. All are determined using real-time geographic coordinates. The longitude values ​​of the river section boundary are... The coordinates of the river section boundary are in latitude and longitude. All are determined using the geographical coordinate boundary data of the river section; when When the coordinates are abnormal, they are identified as abnormal geographic coordinates.

5. A dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the indicator adaptation module, based on the received river segment location results, the dominant driving force characteristics of desertification for the corresponding river segment are matched. Specifically, the upstream river segment corresponds to wind erosion driving characteristics, the midstream river segment corresponds to water erosion driving characteristics, and the downstream river segment corresponds to salinization driving characteristics. Based on the collected basic monitoring data, wind speed monitoring data and sand migration monitoring data are extracted from the upstream river segment, and non-wind erosion related data are removed. Soil and water loss monitoring data and vegetation coverage monitoring data are extracted from the midstream river segment and correlation processing is performed. Soil salinity monitoring data and groundwater level monitoring data are extracted from the downstream river segment and correlation processing is performed, thereby obtaining desertification monitoring indicator data for each river segment.

6. The dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the stage tracking module, the desertification evolution stage determination rules are generated by fitting historical desertification monitoring data of each river section, including a three-level stage division of mild, moderate, and severe desertification and corresponding stage thresholds. After receiving the river section interval positioning results and desertification monitoring index data of each river section, the module retrieves the desertification evolution stage determination rules for each river section of the Yellow River Basin, calculates the current desertification stage determination value using the desertification stage evolution determination formula, determines the current desertification evolution stage based on the current desertification stage determination value, and synchronously adjusts the sampling frequency and early warning threshold of the corresponding river section desertification monitoring index data according to the river section interval positioning results and evolution stage. The sampling frequency of the mild stage is lower than that of the moderate stage, and the moderate stage is lower than that of the severe stage; the early warning threshold of the mild stage is higher than that of the moderate stage, and the moderate stage is higher than that of the severe stage.

7. A dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin according to claim 6, characterized in that, In the stage tracking module, the formula for determining the desertification stage evolution is as follows: ,in, This value is used to determine the stage of desertification, and its range is 0-1. , The normalized values ​​for desertification monitoring indicators for each river section are obtained through normalization processing. The upstream wind-eroded river section corresponds to wind speed monitoring data and sand migration monitoring data; the midstream water-eroded river section corresponds to soil erosion monitoring data and vegetation cover monitoring data; and the downstream salinized river section corresponds to soil salinity monitoring data and groundwater level monitoring data. , The weighting coefficients for the indicators are determined by fitting historical desertification evolution data for each river section, and ;when At that time, it was judged as mild desertification. At that time, it was determined to be moderate desertification. At that time, it was determined to be severe desertification.

8. A dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control closed-loop module integrates historical desertification monitoring data, historical ecological protection red line control data, historical desertification control effectiveness data, and historical data on the ecological carrying capacity of river sections in the Yellow River Basin to construct a database of current ecological protection control requirements. The database stores control measures for the corresponding river section type and the corresponding desertification stage. The system receives the adjusted warning threshold and continuously acquires desertification monitoring index data after adjusting the sampling frequency. Based on the adjusted warning threshold for the corresponding river section, it determines the exceedance status and calculates the difference between the adjusted warning threshold and the corresponding river section to obtain the exceedance value of the monitoring index. It calculates the matching degree of control measures using the control measure matching calculation formula, selects the corresponding control measures in the current ecological protection control requirements database based on the control measure matching degree, generates hierarchical control instructions, and sends them to the corresponding execution terminals of each river section for control.

9. A dynamic monitoring system for desertification processes in the Yellow River Basin according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the control closed-loop module, the formula for calculating the matching of control measures is: ,in, The value ranges from 0 to 1, representing the degree of matching of control measures. This is the value used to determine the stage of desertification. For coordinate matching degree, The benchmark values ​​for the river section were determined using measured data of the geographical boundaries of the entire Yellow River basin. For monitoring indicators exceeding the standard value, The coupling correction coefficients were determined by fitting historical desertification control operation data from the Yellow River Basin; when At that time, high-intensity control measures were selected for the corresponding river sections and stages of desertification. At that time, select medium-intensity control measures for the corresponding river section and the corresponding stage of desertification. At that time, conventional control measures for the corresponding river sections and the corresponding stages of desertification are selected.

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