Modular mechanical interlocking structure for upper disconnecting switch cabinet and operating method

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of power system technology, specifically to a modular mechanical interlocking structure and operating method for an upper disconnecting switchgear. The structure includes a base plate and interlocking components, which comprise an interlocking push plate, a push plate assembly, a transmission assembly, and a push rod assembly. The transmission assembly is linked to the circuit breaker. When the circuit breaker closes, the interlocking push plate is locked in the first position, blocking the three-position operating mechanism; simultaneously, the push plate assembly is retracted. After the circuit breaker opens, the interlocking push plate unlocks, and the push plate assembly extends to form a lateral limit, preventing the push rod assembly from moving and thus prohibiting door opening. Only when the grounding switch closes and the circuit breaker closes again does the push plate assembly retract, releasing the limit and achieving "door opening only after double closing." After the cabinet door is opened, the push rod assembly drives the opening interlocking plate to lock the circuit breaker opening operation, ensuring "no opening after door opening." This structure achieves reliable interlocking through a purely mechanical means, and its modular design facilitates installation and maintenance while saving space.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system technology, specifically to a modular mechanical interlocking structure and operation method for upper disconnect switchgear. Background Technology

[0002] High-voltage switchgear, as a critical piece of equipment in power systems, is of paramount importance in terms of operational safety and reliability. To ensure safety, the circuit breakers, disconnectors, and grounding switches within the cabinet must be operated according to a strict logical sequence. Traditional technologies often employ mechanical interlocking to achieve basic protection. Currently, there are two mainstream technical solutions in the industry: one is the relatively simple "lower isolation scheme," where the disconnector and grounding switch are located on the cable side below the circuit breaker; the other is the "upper isolation scheme," where the disconnector and grounding switch are placed on the busbar side above the circuit breaker. While this scheme can reduce the requirements on the grounding switch and decrease contamination within the cabinet by utilizing the circuit breaker's closing capability, its safety interlocking logic is far more complex—the core requirement is that the grounding switch and circuit breaker must be simultaneously closed before opening the cabinet door for maintenance, and the circuit breaker must be immediately locked open after opening the door to prevent accidents. Existing methods for implementing this complex logic either rely on electrical and software interlocking, which carries the risk of failure due to component malfunction, power outage, or interference; or employ non-standard mechanical structures, which are often bulky, difficult to assemble and debug, and fail to meet the trend of modularization and miniaturization in switchgear, and are also detrimental to large-scale production and stability assurance. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a compact, purely mechanical, modular interlocking device that can reliably execute the unique safety logic of the upper isolation cabinet to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The first objective of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a modular mechanical interlocking structure for upper isolating switchgear that can take into account miniaturization, high reliability, environmental friendliness and easy maintenance.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A modular mechanical interlocking structure for an upper disconnecting switchgear, the switchgear including a cabinet and a circuit breaker, a circuit breaker operating mechanism, a disconnecting switch, a grounding switch, a three-position operating mechanism, and a cabinet door mounted on the cabinet. The three-position operating mechanism includes a disconnecting switch operating handle and a grounding switch operating handle. The interlocking structure includes a base plate and interlocking mating components arranged on the base plate. The interlocking mating components include an interlocking push plate, a push plate assembly, a transmission assembly, a tripping interlocking plate, and a push rod assembly. The interlocking push plate is vertically movable and mounted on the base plate. The circuit breaker has a first position for restricting operation of the three-position operating mechanism and allowing circuit breaker closing operation, and a second position for allowing operation of the three-position operating mechanism and restricting circuit breaker closing operation; the push plate assembly is laterally slidably disposed on the base plate, the push plate assembly has a first lateral position and a second lateral position, the push plate assembly includes a first push plate and a second push plate linked together, and a push plate compression spring is provided between the first push plate and the second push plate; the transmission assembly is connected to the circuit breaker operating mechanism, and the transmission assembly includes a circuit breaker closing interlock plate and a direction conversion mechanism. A crank arm, the direction-changing crank arm being drivenly connected to the first push plate; a push rod assembly linked to the cabinet door; a tripping interlock plate mounted on the base plate and linkedly connected to the circuit breaker operating mechanism; the push rod assembly including a square push rod and a tripping locking plate mounted on the square push rod; wherein, the interlocking structure is configured such that: when the circuit breaker is in the closed state, the circuit breaker closing interlock plate locks the interlocking push plate in the first position, and the transmission assembly drives the push plate assembly to the first lateral position; when the circuit breaker switches from the closed state to the open state... The circuit breaker closing interlocking plate releases the lock on the interlocking push plate, and the transmission assembly drives the push plate assembly to move to the second lateral position to limit the top rod assembly; when the grounding switch is closed and the interlocking push plate is in the first position, operating the circuit breaker to close will drive the push plate assembly from the second lateral position back to the first lateral position, thereby releasing the limit on the top rod assembly; when the cabinet door is opened, the top rod assembly moves, causing the tripping interlocking plate to cooperate with the tripping interlocking plate to restrict the tripping operation of the circuit breaker.

[0005] This invention constructs a purely mechanical interlocking system by integrating an interlocking push plate, a push plate assembly, a transmission assembly, and a push rod assembly on a substrate. Its core principle is as follows: the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate in the transmission assembly is linked to the circuit breaker operating mechanism, reflecting its closing / opening status in real time; when the circuit breaker closes, the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate locks the interlocking push plate in the first position (blocking the three-position operating hole) and drives the push plate assembly to the first lateral position (retracted); when the circuit breaker opens, the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate unlocks the interlocking push plate and drives the push plate assembly to the second lateral position (extended), forming a lateral limit on the push rod assembly to prevent opening; the circuit breaker can only be closed and disconnected again after the grounding switch in the three-position operating mechanism is closed and the interlocking push plate is reset. Only when the device retracts the push plate assembly and releases the lateral limit can the two conditions of grounding switch closing (the three-position indicator panel releases the obstruction to the upward movement of the push rod assembly) and circuit breaker closing (push plate retraction) be met simultaneously. The mechanical "AND" logic is valid, and the cabinet door is allowed to open. When the cabinet door is opened, it first moves upward and is then removed as a whole. During the upward movement, it drives the push rod to move upward, causing the trip interlock plate to move upward and directly mechanically interfere with the trip interlock plate of the circuit breaker, restricting the trip operation of the circuit breaker. When the door is removed, the cabinet door resets under the action of gravity, and the trip interlock plate and trip interlock plate cooperate to restrict the trip operation of the circuit breaker. Compared with the prior art, the present invention uses a fully mechanical, self-locking method to forcefully and accurately execute the complex safety logic of the upper isolation scheme of "double closing before opening the door" and "no opening the switch after opening the door", avoiding the risk of electrical interlock failure due to power failure or malfunction; its modular and flat structure greatly facilitates production assembly and maintenance, and significantly saves installation space in the switch cabinet, achieving a unity of high reliability, high safety and good processability. It should be noted that (1) in actual application, the cabinet door contacts the limit of the cabinet body by moving upward and then is removed as a whole. When the indicator panel or push plate assembly restricts the upward movement of the top rod assembly, the top rod assembly simultaneously restricts the cabinet door, thereby preventing its movement. After the top rod assembly is released from restriction, the cabinet door can be taken out. After being taken out, the top rod assembly resets under the action of gravity. (2) The specific mechanical connection between the circuit breaker and the transmission assembly can be any reliable method known in the art for transmitting state or power, such as a connection through components such as a connecting rod, crank arm, cam, slider or wire. This is easy to select and implement for those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail in this specification.

[0006] Furthermore, the interlocking push plate is provided with a limiting part; the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate is in the shape of a crank arm and is rotatably arranged on the front side of the base plate, including a first arm and a second arm. The first arm is used to cooperate with the limiting part, and the second arm is connected to the direction conversion crank arm. When the circuit breaker is closed, the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate rotates to a first angle, and the first arm blocks the limiting part to prevent the interlocking push plate from moving from the first position to the second position. When the circuit breaker is opened, the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate rotates to a second angle, and the first arm releases its obstruction of the limiting part. In this scheme, when the circuit breaker closes, the circuit breaker closing interlock plate swings upward to its designated position, embedding itself in the path of the limiting part, creating physical interference. This prevents the interlock push plate from moving from the first position to the second position, thus achieving forced interlocking of "operation of the three-position operating mechanism is prohibited when the circuit breaker is closed." When the circuit breaker opens, the circuit breaker closing interlock plate swings clockwise to disengage from the blocking position, releasing the obstruction to the limiting part. Only then can the interlock push plate move downward to allow operation. This mechanism converts the electrical state of the circuit breaker into a mechanical position signal and, through a direct blocking and avoidance relationship, achieves a purely mechanical and reliable state-dependent sequential interlocking.

[0007] Furthermore, the push plate assembly includes a first push plate, a second push plate, and a push plate compression spring disposed between the two. The first push plate is kinetically connected to the direction conversion crank arm. The push rod assembly is disposed on the outer side of the base plate and has a limiting block that cooperates with the push plate assembly. The first push plate is disposed on the front side of the base plate, and the second push plate is disposed on the rear side of the base plate. The first push plate has a guide post passing through the base plate, and the second push plate has a transverse groove that slides with the guide post. The interlocking structure is configured such that the second push plate is retracted into the inner side of the base plate when in the first transverse position, and in the second transverse position, a portion of it protrudes from the base plate and overlaps with the movement path of the limiting block to form a limiting position. In this design, the first push plate is connected to the direction conversion crank arm of the transmission assembly and receives operation commands from the circuit breaker operating mechanism; the second push plate, as the execution end, determines the locking state of the access control system: when in the first lateral position (retracted), the second push plate is completely housed inside the base plate, avoiding the movement path of the upper limit block of the square top rod, at which time the square top rod can move freely; when the transmission assembly drives it to the second lateral position (extended), the end of the second push plate away from the spring protrudes from the base plate, and its end is located on the movement path of the limit block, forming physical interference, thereby blocking the movement of the square top rod and mechanically preventing the door from opening.

[0008] Furthermore, the base plate is provided with a first arc-shaped track and a second arc-shaped track that are concentric and vertically opposite; the direction conversion crank arm is a straight arm, with a first linkage part at its upper end that slides with the first arc-shaped track and connects to the circuit breaker closing interlock plate, and a second linkage part at its lower end that slides with the second arc-shaped track; the first push plate has a longitudinally extending second guide groove corresponding to the second linkage part, and the second linkage part extends into the second guide groove. In this solution, the unique arc-shaped track movement mode of the direction conversion crank arm achieves efficient and reliable motion conversion. When the direction conversion crank arm swings, the second linkage part at its lower end slides in the second guide groove. The longitudinal extension design of the groove provides the necessary vertical direction movement freedom for the protrusion, allowing it to smoothly follow the arc trajectory of the lower end of the crank arm. At the same time, the sidewall of the groove contacts the protrusion, efficiently and without loss transmitting the lateral component force generated by the swing of the crank arm to the first push plate, driving it to perform lateral linear motion. This combination of "circular motion + guide groove" is a low-cost and reliable mechanical method for converting rotary motion into linear motion.

[0009] Furthermore, both the first and second linkage parts are bolts, and the circuit breaker closing interlock plate and the direction switching crank arm are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the base plate. In this solution, designing the linkage parts as bolts is a low-cost and high-reliability engineering choice. Bolts, as standard parts, are easy to process, procure, and replace, and their threaded structure allows for length adjustment, facilitating fine-tuning of the protruding length during assembly.

[0010] Furthermore, the circuit breaker operating mechanism includes a circuit breaker closing rotary switch and a circuit breaker opening rotary switch. The closing position of the circuit breaker closing rotary switch partially overlaps with the second position, and the opening interlock plate is sleeved on the circuit breaker opening rotary switch. The upper part of the substrate is provided with a clearance space; the top rod assembly includes a first connecting frame, which is disposed on the rear side of the clearance space and fixedly connected to the upper end of the square top rod, so as to move up and down with the square top rod. The three-position operating mechanism is equipped with an indicator disc that can rotate synchronously with it. The indicator disc is located behind the clearance position, and its outer periphery has a first clearance notch, a second clearance notch, and a third clearance notch. The first clearance notch is used to prevent the interlocking push plate from moving upward when the disconnecting switch is closed. The second clearance notch is used to prevent the interlocking push plate from moving upward when the grounding switch is closed. The third clearance notch is used to prevent the first connecting frame from moving upward when the grounding switch is closed. The interlocking push plate is provided with a rearwardly protruding limiting protrusion. The interlocking structure is configured such that: when the disconnecting switch and circuit breaker are closed, the outer periphery of the indicator panel prevents the first connecting frame from moving upward, the first clearance notch matches the position of the limiting protrusion, allowing the limiting protrusion to move upward, so that the interlocking push plate is in the first position, and the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate locks the interlocking push plate in the first position; when the disconnecting switch and circuit breaker are open, the transmission assembly releases the lock on the interlocking push plate, the interlocking push plate descends to the second position, and the push plate assembly restricts the upward movement of the top rod assembly; when the grounding switch and circuit breaker are closed, the indicator panel rotates until the second clearance notch and the limiting protrusion are opposite each other, and the third clearance notch is opposite the position of the first connecting frame, thereby allowing the clearance interlocking push plate and the first connecting frame to move upward, so that the interlocking push plate returns to the first position. This solution provides a state feedback and interlocking mechanism based on mechanical position recognition. The clearance space on the upper part of the base plate provides installation and observation space for the indicator panel. The indicator panel rotates synchronously with the three-position operating mechanism. Its outer periphery forms a mechanically encoded ring with specific phase information, where the phase corresponding to the closed state of the grounding switch is designed as an avoidance notch. A limiting protrusion on the interlocking push plate extends rearward, its upward path intersecting the contour space of the indicator panel. When the disconnecting switch or grounding switch is in the open state, the solid contour portion of the indicator panel is precisely located on the upward movement trajectory of the limiting protrusion and the first connecting frame, forming a direct physical obstruction, thus preventing the interlocking push plate from performing an upward reset action. When the three-position operating mechanism is operated to close the grounding switch or disconnecting switch, the indicator panel rotates synchronously to a predetermined angle, and its avoidance notch aligns with the limiting protrusion, allowing upward movement space for the limiting protrusion and the interlocking push plate connected to it, thus releasing the mechanical obstruction. Furthermore, when the grounding switch is closed, the third avoidance notch on the indicator panel aligns with the first connecting frame, allowing upward movement space for the first connecting frame. This design ingeniously transforms key electrical states such as "disconnect switch closed, grounding switch closed" into a "spatial position permission" signal that can be directly detected and responded to by a purely mechanical structure. This signal serves as a mandatory prerequisite for allowing the interlock push plate to reset and thus advancing subsequent operation procedures, forming a crucial link in the entire safety interlock logic.

[0011] Furthermore, the interlocking push plate is vertically movable and positioned on the front side of the base plate; the interlocking structure is installed in the mechanism chamber of the switch cabinet, and a three-position operating hole is provided on the outer wall of the mechanism chamber; the interlocking structure is configured such that: when the interlocking push plate is in the second position, its plate body is located below the three-position operating hole, without obstruction; when the interlocking push plate is in the first position, its plate body moves vertically to a position that obstructs the three-position operating hole. This solution provides a direct and reliable physical operation access control mechanism. The three-position operating hole is an operation interface fixedly opened on the outer wall of the mechanism chamber. The vertically sliding interlocking push plate, as a controlled movable baffle, is directly set behind the fixed operating hole. When the interlocking push plate is in the second position (usually the lower position), its plate body is completely removed, the front of the operating hole is unobstructed, and operating tools can be inserted without obstruction to operate the three-position operating mechanism. When the interlock push plate is driven to the first position (usually the upper position), its plate body falls precisely behind the operating hole. The plate body itself partially or completely blocks the operating shaft of the three-position operating mechanism, physically isolating the operating tool from any possible contact with the internal mechanism, thus forcibly prohibiting any operation. This solution has a simple structure, eliminating the complex alignment hole design. The "on" and "off" switching is directly achieved through the physical sliding baffle, resulting in high mechanical reliability and providing a clear and absolute guarantee of the inaccessibility of the operating interface under unauthorized conditions.

[0012] Furthermore, the interlocking components are designed in a flat shape and are arranged on the front, rear, and sides of the base plate. This flat design aims to minimize the overall thickness of the interlocking module to fit within the compact installation space of the switchgear, directly serving the goal of equipment miniaturization. Arranging the components on the front, rear, and sides of the base plate is an efficient three-dimensional space utilization strategy. It allows the interlocking push plate, circuit breaker closing interlocking plate, and first push plate to be placed on the front, while the second push plate is placed on the rear, achieving front-to-back linkage through the guiding and avoidance structures on the base plate. This layout avoids stacking all parts on the same plane, thus integrating complex mechanical functions within a limited thickness, achieving high functional density, and providing the structural basis for the module to be pre-assembled and easily installed.

[0013] Furthermore, the interlocking structure is located within the mechanism chamber of the switchgear; the cabinet door is the door of the cable compartment, and the top rod assembly is located on the side of the base plate, abutting against the upper end of the door. This solution clarifies the core layout and interface design of the interlocking structure. Installing the entire interlocking structure within the mechanism chamber, placing it in the same physical space as the circuit breaker operating mechanism, allows for the most direct and reliable mechanical signal acquisition and power coupling. The cabinet door is the door of the cable compartment, with the square top rod located on the side of the base plate; its lower end contacts the door and is linked to the upper end of the door. This design creates a crucial mechanical linkage: the safety status determination result within the mechanism chamber (through locking or releasing the square top rod) directly controls the physical opening and closing of the cable compartment maintenance passage (cabinet door).

[0014] Another objective of this invention is to disclose a safe operation method for an upper disconnecting switchgear, wherein the switchgear is equipped with a modular mechanical interlocking structure as described above. The method includes a power outage operation procedure and a power supply operation procedure. The power outage operation procedure includes at least the following steps: S1, performing a tripping operation on a circuit breaker in the closed state; S2, after the circuit breaker trips, moving the interlocking push plate from the first position to the second position; S3, when the interlocking push plate is in the second position, operating the three-position operating mechanism to trip the disconnecting switch and close the grounding switch; 4. After the grounding switch is closed, the interlocking push plate is moved from the second position back to the first position; S5. The circuit breaker is closed again; S6. The cabinet door of the switchgear is opened; wherein, the interlocking structure is configured such that the operation of opening the cabinet door in step S6 is allowed only after the grounding switch is closed in step S3 and the circuit breaker is closed again in step S5; and after the cabinet door is opened, the interlocking structure mechanically prevents the circuit breaker from performing a tripping operation; the power supply operation process includes at least the following steps: L1. Close the cabinet door of the switchgear. L2. Perform a tripping operation on the circuit breaker that is in the closed state; L3. After the circuit breaker is tripped, move the interlocking push plate from the first position to the second position; L4. When the interlocking push plate is in the second position, perform a tripping operation on the grounding switch that is in the closed state; L5. Perform a closing operation on the disconnecting switch that is in the open state; L6. Reset the interlocking push plate from the second position to the first position and perform a closing operation on the circuit breaker again. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the interlocking structure from one angle; Figure 2 It is an assembly diagram of the interlocking structure and the cabinet door; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly. Figure 1 .

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 It is the assembly of the top rod assembly and the cabinet door. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 It is the assembly of the top rod assembly and the cabinet door. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the trip interlock plate and the trip locking plate. Figure 1 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the trip interlock plate and the trip locking plate. Figure 2 ; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the trip interlock plate and the trip locking plate. Figure 3 ; Figure 10 This is a structural diagram of the interlocking structure from another angle; Figure 11 This is a diagram of a switch cabinet. Figure 1 (The front exterior wall of the facility was concealed); Figure 12 This is a diagram of a switch cabinet. Figure 2 ; Figure 13 This is a diagram of a switch cabinet. Figure 3 ; Figure 14 This is a diagram of a switch cabinet. Figure 4 ; Figure 15 This is a diagram of a switch cabinet. Figure 5 ; Figure 16 This is a diagram of a switch cabinet. Figure 6 .

[0017] Label Explanation: Base plate 1, clearance space 12, interlocking push plate 21, shielding part 211, limiting part 214, limiting protrusion 215, transmission assembly 22, circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221, first arm 2211, second arm 2212, direction conversion crank arm 222, first linkage part 2221, second linkage part 2222, first arc track 2231, second arc track 2232, push plate assembly 23, first push plate 231, second push plate 232, push plate compression spring 233, guide post 234, transverse slide groove 235, second guide slide groove 236, push rod assembly 3, square push rod 31, first connecting frame 311. Limiting protrusion 3111, second connecting frame 312, reset spring 313, limiting block 314, nylon buffer pad 315, tripping interlocking plate 32, receiving part 321, second mating part 322, limiting top block 323, tripping interlocking plate 5, first connecting part 51, first limiting rib 52, second limiting rib 53, third limiting rib 54, three-position operating mechanism 7, indicator panel 71, first clearance notch 72a, second clearance notch 72b, third clearance notch 72c, disconnecting switch operating handle 74, grounding switch operating handle 75, cabinet door 8, closing rotary switch 33, circuit breaker tripping rotary switch 34. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: See Figures 1 to 16As shown, this invention discloses a modular mechanical interlocking structure for an upper disconnecting switchgear. The switchgear includes a cabinet, a circuit breaker, a circuit breaker operating mechanism, a disconnecting switch, a grounding switch, a three-position operating mechanism 7, and a cabinet door 8, all mounted on the cabinet. The three-position operating mechanism includes a disconnecting switch operating handle 74 and a grounding switch operating handle 75. The interlocking structure includes a base plate 1 and interlocking components arranged on the base plate 1. The interlocking components include an interlocking push plate 21, a push plate assembly 23, a transmission assembly 22, a tripping interlocking plate 5, and a push rod assembly 3. The interlocking push plate 21 is vertically movable and mounted on the base plate 1. The circuit breaker has a first position for restricting operation of the three-position operating mechanism 7 and allowing circuit breaker closing operation, and a second position for allowing operation of the three-position operating mechanism 7 and restricting circuit breaker closing operation; the push plate assembly 23 is laterally slidably disposed on the base plate 1, the push plate assembly 23 has a first lateral position and a second lateral position, the push plate assembly 23 includes a first push plate 231 and a second push plate 232 linked together, and a push plate compression spring 233 is provided between the first push plate 231 and the second push plate 232; the transmission assembly 22 is connected to the circuit breaker operating mechanism, the transmission assembly 22 includes a circuit breaker closing interlock plate 221 and a direction conversion. A crank arm 222, the direction-changing crank arm 222 being drivenly connected to the first push plate 231; the tripping interlocking plate 5 being mounted on the base plate 1 and linked to the circuit breaker operating mechanism; the push rod assembly 3 being linked to the cabinet door 8; the push rod assembly 3 including a square push rod 31 and a tripping interlocking plate 32 mounted on the square push rod 31; wherein, the interlocking structure is configured such that: when the circuit breaker is in the closed state, the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 locks the interlocking push plate 21 in the first position, and the transmission assembly 22 drives the push plate assembly 23 to the first lateral position; when the circuit breaker switches from the closed state to the open state, the… The circuit breaker closing interlock plate 221 releases the lock on the interlock push plate 21, and the transmission assembly 22 drives the push plate assembly 23 to move to the second lateral position to limit the top rod assembly 3; when the grounding switch in the three-position operating mechanism 7 is closed and the interlock push plate 21 is in the first position, operating the circuit breaker to close will drive the push plate assembly 23 from the second lateral position back to the first lateral position, thereby releasing the limit on the top rod assembly 3; when the cabinet door 8 is opened, the top rod assembly 3 moves, causing the tripping interlock plate 32 to cooperate with the tripping interlock plate 5 to restrict the tripping operation of the circuit breaker.

[0019] Furthermore, the interlocking push plate 21 is provided with a limiting part 214; the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 is in the shape of a crank arm and is rotatably arranged on the front side of the base plate 1, which includes a first arm 2211 and a second arm 2212. The first arm 2211 is used to cooperate with the limiting part 214, and the second arm 2212 is connected to the direction conversion crank arm 222; when the circuit breaker is closed, the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 is at a first angle (see Figure 11 The first arm 2211 blocks the limiting part 214 to prevent the interlocking push plate 21 from moving from the first position to the second position; when the circuit breaker trips, the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 rotates to the second angle (see...). Figure 12 The first arm 2211 releases its obstruction of the limiting part 214. In this scheme, when the circuit breaker is closed, the circuit breaker closing interlock plate 221 swings upward to its position, and its body is embedded in the path of the limiting part 214, forming physical interference, thereby preventing the interlock push plate 21 from moving from the first position to the second position, realizing the forced interlocking of "the three-position operating mechanism 7 is prohibited from being operated when the circuit breaker is closed"; when the circuit breaker is opened, the circuit breaker closing interlock plate 221 swings clockwise to disengage from the obstructing position, releasing its obstruction of the limiting part 214, at which point the interlock push plate 21 can move downward to allow operation. This mechanism converts the electrical state of the circuit breaker into a mechanical position signal, and through a direct obstruction and avoidance relationship, realizes a purely mechanical and reliable state-dependent sequential interlocking.

[0020] Furthermore, the push plate assembly 23 includes a first push plate 231, a second push plate 232, and a push plate compression spring 233 disposed between the two. The first push plate 231 is operatively connected to the direction conversion crank arm 222. The push rod assembly 3 is disposed on the outer side of the base plate 1 and is provided with a limiting block 314 that cooperates with the push plate assembly 23. The first push plate 231 is disposed on the front side of the base plate 1, and the second push plate 232 is disposed on the rear side of the base plate 1. The first push plate 231 is provided with a guide post 234 that passes through the base plate 1, and the second push plate 232 is provided with a transverse groove 235 that slides with the guide post 234. The interlocking structure is configured such that the second push plate 232 is retracted into the inner side of the base plate 1 in the first transverse position, and in the second transverse position, a portion of it protrudes from the base plate 1 and overlaps with the movement path of the limiting block 314 to form a limit. In this scheme, the first push plate 231 is connected to the direction conversion crank arm 222 of the transmission component and receives the operation command from the circuit breaker operating mechanism; the second push plate 232 serves as the execution end, and its position determines the locking state of the access control: when it is in the first lateral position (retracted), the second push plate 232 is completely housed inside the base plate 1, avoiding the movement path of the upper limit block 314 of the square top rod 31, at which time the square top rod 31 can move freely; when the transmission component 22 drives it to move to the second lateral position (extended), the end of the second push plate 232 away from the spring protrudes from the base plate 1, and its end is located on the movement path of the limit block 314, forming physical interference, thereby blocking the movement of the square top rod 31 and mechanically prohibiting the door from opening.

[0021] Furthermore, the base plate 1 is provided with a first arc-shaped track 2231 and a second arc-shaped track 2232 that are concentric and vertically opposite. The direction-converting crank arm 222 is a straight arm, with a first linkage part 2221 at its upper end that slides with the first arc-shaped track 2231 and connects to the circuit breaker closing interlock plate 221, and a second linkage part 2222 at its lower end that slides with the second arc-shaped track 2232. The first push plate 231 has a longitudinally extending second guide groove 236 corresponding to the second linkage part 2222, and the second linkage part 2222 extends into the second guide groove 236. In this design, the unique arc-shaped track movement mode of the direction-converting crank arm 222 achieves efficient and reliable motion conversion. When the direction-converting crank arm 222 swings, the second linkage part 2222 at its lower end slides in the second guide groove 236. The longitudinal extension design of the groove provides the necessary vertical freedom of movement for the protrusion, allowing it to smoothly follow the arc trajectory of the lower end of the crank arm. Simultaneously, the sidewall of the chute contacts the protrusion, efficiently and without loss transmitting the lateral force generated by the swing of the crank arm to the first push plate 231, driving it to perform lateral linear motion. This combination of "circular motion + guide chute" is a low-cost and reliable mechanical method for converting rotational motion into linear motion.

[0022] Furthermore, both the first linkage 2221 and the second linkage 2222 are bolts, and the circuit breaker closing interlock plate 221 and the direction switching crank arm 222 are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the base plate 1. In this design, designing the linkage as a bolt is a low-cost and high-reliability engineering choice. Bolts, as standard parts, are easy to process, procure, and replace, and their threaded structure allows for precise length adjustment, facilitating fine-tuning of the protruding length during assembly.

[0023] Furthermore, the circuit breaker operating mechanism includes a circuit breaker closing rotary switch and a circuit breaker opening rotary switch. The closing position of the circuit breaker closing rotary switch partially overlaps with the second position, and the opening interlock plate 5 is sleeved on the circuit breaker opening rotary switch 34. The upper part of the substrate 1 is provided with a clearance space 12; the top rod assembly includes a first connecting frame 311, which is located on the rear side of the clearance space 12 and is fixedly connected to the upper end of the square top rod 31 so as to move up and down with the square top rod 31. The three-position operating mechanism 7 is equipped with an indicator disk 71 that can rotate synchronously with it. The indicator disk 71 is located behind the clearance position 12, and its outer periphery has a first clearance notch 72a, a second clearance notch 72b, and a third clearance notch 72c. The first clearance notch 72a is used to prevent the interlocking push plate 21 from moving upward when the disconnecting switch is closed. The second clearance notch 72b is used to prevent the interlocking push plate 21 from moving upward when the grounding switch is closed. The third clearance notch 72c is used to prevent the first connecting frame 311 from moving upward when the grounding switch is closed. The interlocking push plate 21 is provided with a rearwardly protruding limiting protrusion 215. The interlocking structure is configured such that, after power supply is completed, when the disconnecting switch and circuit breaker are closed, the outer periphery of the indicator panel 71 blocks the first connecting frame 311 from moving upward, the first clearance notch 72a is adapted to the position of the limiting protrusion 215, allowing the limiting protrusion 215 to move upward, so that the interlocking push plate 21 is in the first position, and the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 locks the interlocking push plate 21 in the first position; when the disconnecting switch and circuit breaker are opened, the transmission assembly... 22. Release the lock on the interlocking push plate 21, and the interlocking push plate 21 descends to the second position. The push plate assembly 23 restricts the upward movement of the top rod assembly 3. When the grounding switch and circuit breaker are closed, the indicator disk 71 rotates until the second clearance notch 72b is opposite to the position of the limiting protrusion 215, and the third clearance notch 72c is opposite to the position of the first connecting frame 311, thereby allowing the clearance interlocking push plate 21 and the first connecting frame 311 to move upward, so that the interlocking push plate 21 returns to the first position. This solution provides a state feedback and interlocking mechanism based on mechanical position recognition. The clearance space 12 on the upper part of the base plate 1 provides installation and observation space for the indicator disk 71. The indicator disk 71 rotates synchronously with the three-position operating mechanism 7, and its outer periphery forms a mechanical coding ring with specific phase information, wherein the phase corresponding to the grounding switch closing state is designed as a clearance notch. The limiting protrusion 215 set on the interlocking push plate 21 extends backward, and its upward movement path intersects with the contour space of the indicator disk 71. When the disconnector and grounding switch are in the open state, the physical outline of the indicator panel 71 is exactly located on the upward movement trajectory of the limit protrusion 215 and the first connecting frame 311, forming a direct physical obstruction, thereby preventing the interlocking push plate 21 from performing the upward reset action. When the three-position operating mechanism 7 is operated to close the grounding switch or disconnector, the indicator panel 71 rotates synchronously to a predetermined angle, and the clearance notch on it aligns with the limit protrusion 215, making room for the upward movement of the limit protrusion 215 and the interlocking push plate 21 connected thereto, thus releasing the mechanical obstruction. When the grounding switch is closed, the third clearance notch 72c on the indicator panel 71 aligns with the first connecting frame 311, making room for the upward movement of the first connecting frame 311.

[0024] Furthermore, the interlocking push plate 21 is vertically movable and positioned on the front side of the base plate 1; the interlocking structure is installed in the mechanism chamber of the switch cabinet, and a three-position operating hole (not shown in the figure) is provided on the outer wall of the mechanism chamber; the interlocking structure is configured such that: when the interlocking push plate 21 is in the second position, its plate body is located below the three-position operating hole, without obstruction; when the interlocking push plate 21 is in the first position, its plate body moves vertically to a position opposite to the three-position operating hole (i.e., behind the three-position operating hole). This solution provides a direct and reliable physical operation access control mechanism. The three-position operating hole is an operation interface fixedly opened on the outer wall of the mechanism chamber. The vertically sliding interlocking push plate 21, as a controlled movable baffle, is directly set behind the fixed operating hole. When the interlocking push plate 21 is in the second position, its plate body is completely removed, the front of the operating hole is unobstructed, and operating tools can be inserted without obstruction to operate the three-position operating mechanism 7. When the interlock push plate 21 is driven to the first position, its plate body falls exactly behind the operating hole, using the plate body itself to block the three-position operating hole, physically isolating the operating tool from the internal mechanism, thereby forcibly prohibiting any operation.

[0025] Furthermore, the interlocking components are flat and arranged on the front, rear, and sides of the base plate 1. This flat design aims to minimize the overall thickness of the interlocking module to accommodate the compact installation space within the switchgear, directly contributing to the goal of equipment miniaturization. Arranging the components on the front, rear, and sides of the base plate 1 is a highly efficient three-dimensional space utilization strategy. It allows the interlocking push plate 21 and the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 in the transmission assembly 22 to be placed on the front, while the direction conversion crank arm 222 in the transmission assembly 22 and some components of the push plate assembly 23 (such as the second push plate 232) are placed on the rear. Front-rear linkage is achieved through the guiding and avoidance structures on the base plate 1.

[0026] Furthermore, the top rod assembly 3 has a first longitudinal position, a second longitudinal position, and a third longitudinal position from top to bottom. It includes a square top rod 31, a first connecting frame 311, and a second connecting frame 312. The first connecting frame 311 is longitudinally slidably connected to the base plate 1 and fixedly connected to the upper end of the square top rod 31. The second connecting frame 312 is fixedly connected to the base plate 1 and is adapted to the square top rod 31 by providing a through hole. The square top rod 31 is longitudinally slidably inserted through the through hole. A return spring 313 is sleeved on the square top rod 31. The upper end of the return spring 313 abuts against the lower periphery of the through hole. When the cabinet door 8 is in the closed state, the top rod assembly 3 is in the second longitudinal position. When the cabinet door 8 is in the state of being lifted upward in preparation for opening, it is displaced upward to the first longitudinal position. When the cabinet door 8 is in the open state, the top rod assembly 3 is displaced downward to the third longitudinal position under the action of the return spring 313.

[0027] Furthermore, the bottom of the square top rod 31 is provided with a nylon buffer pad 315, which abuts against the cabinet door from top to bottom, thereby preventing the paint at the contact point from being scratched during the upward pushing of the cabinet door.

[0028] Furthermore, the tripping interlock plate 32 has an irregular profile that matches the tripping interlock plate 5; the tripping interlock plate 5 includes an annular first connecting portion 51 and a first limiting rib 52 and a second limiting rib 53 longitudinally arranged on the first connecting portion 51, and a third limiting rib 54 transversely arranged. The upper end of the first limiting rib 52 is connected to the side of the first connecting portion 51, and the upper end of the second limiting rib 53 is connected to the bottom of the first connecting portion 51. A first mating portion is formed between the first limiting rib 52, the first connecting portion 51, and the second limiting rib 53. One end of the third limiting rib 54 is connected to the bottom of the second limiting rib 53, and the other end protrudes away from the first mating portion. The tripping interlock plate 32 has a hook-shaped receiving portion 321 at one end near the tripping interlock plate 5. A second mating portion 322 is provided on one side of the tripping interlock plate 32 to fit the first mating portion, and a limiting top block 323 is provided on the other side of the receiving portion 321 to fit the third limiting rib 54. When the cabinet door 8 is closed, the trip interlock plate 32 is in the second longitudinal position, and the third limiting rib 54 of the trip interlock plate 5 is located within the receiving portion 321, with its rotation path spatially offset from the limiting top block 323, allowing the trip interlock plate 5 to rotate clockwise. When the cabinet door 8 is lifted, the trip interlock plate 32 moves upward to the first longitudinal position, causing the first mating portion to engage with the second mating portion 322, preventing the trip interlock plate 5 from rotating. When the door is opened, the trip interlock plate 32 moves downward to the third longitudinal position, and the limiting top block 323 is horizontally adjacent to the third limiting rib 54. The limiting top block 323 interferes with the clockwise movement of the third limiting rib 54, thereby preventing the trip interlock plate 5 from rotating clockwise. This solution reveals the core design of interlocking through mechanical contour recognition and key operation sequence. The indicator disc 71 on the three-position operating mechanism 7 has a pre-machined third clearance notch 72c on its circumferential contour. The angular position of this notch strictly corresponds to the "closed" state of the grounding switch. The limiting protrusion 3111 on the first connecting frame 311 is the object to be detected. When the grounding switch is not closed, the solid contour of the indicator disc 71 blocks the limiting protrusion 3111. This blocking action mechanically interlocks, preventing the push rod assembly 3 from moving upward and simultaneously preventing the interlocking push plate 21 from being pushed upward and reset to the first position. Only when the operation causes the grounding switch to reach the closed position, the indicator disc 71 rotates to a predetermined angle, so that the third clearance notch 72c is precisely aligned with the limiting protrusion 3111. At this time, the contour blocking is "released," and the push rod assembly 3 can move.

[0029] Furthermore, the interlocking structure is located within the mechanism chamber of the switchgear; the cabinet door 8 is the door of the cable compartment, and the top rod assembly 3 is located on the side of the base plate 1, with its lower end designed to be slidably connected to the upper end of the door. This solution clarifies the core layout and interface design of the interlocking structure. By installing the entire interlocking structure within the mechanism chamber, placing it in the same physical space as the circuit breaker operating mechanism, the most direct and reliable mechanical signal acquisition and power coupling can be achieved. The cabinet door 8 is the door of the cable compartment, and the square top rod 31 is located on the side of the base plate 1, with its lower end abutting against the upper end of the door, thus linking with the cabinet door when closed. This design creates a crucial mechanical linkage: the safety status determination result within the mechanism chamber (through locking or releasing the square top rod 31) directly controls the physical opening and closing of the cable compartment maintenance passage (cabinet door 8). The "accessible and pushable connection" ensures that the opening action of the cabinet door 8 can be smoothly and reliably converted into the vertical linear movement of the square top rod 31, which is the core mechanical interface for realizing cross-room spatial linkage and motion form conversion.

[0030] Furthermore, the interlocking push plate 21 is provided with an actuated part extending forward from its main body. When the interlocking structure is configured in the switch cabinet, the actuated part extends outward through the operating hole on the outer wall of the mechanism chamber, so that the operator can operate the interlocking push plate 21 without opening the mechanism chamber. In addition, the base plate 1 is provided with clearance positions to cooperate with the various devices (isolating switch handle, grounding switch handle, etc.) in the mechanism chamber, and the outer wall of the mechanism chamber is also provided with observation windows, clearance holes, etc., so that the control components of each device can extend outward through the clearance positions 12, clearance holes, etc., and the operator can operate the equipment in the mechanism chamber without opening the mechanism chamber.

[0031] As a preferred embodiment, the linkage is a bolt structure for easy assembly.

[0032] The working principle and complete operation process of this embodiment are as follows: Initial state ( Figure 11 The circuit breaker and disconnector are both in the closed state. The interlocking push plate 21 is in the first position (upper position, blocking operation), and its plate body is located behind the three-position operating hole, forming a blockage. The entire system is in the power-on interlocking state.

[0033] Circuit breaker tripping ( Figure 12 ): Manual operation of circuit breaker tripping. The circuit breaker closing interlock plate 221 rotates clockwise to release the lock on the interlock push plate 21. The interlock push plate is pushed downward by external force, without obstructing the three-position operating hole. Thus, the tripping operation of the disconnecting switch can be performed by moving the disconnecting switch operating handle of the three-position operating mechanism through the operating hole.

[0034] Disconnect switch tripping ( Figure 14): The disconnector switch is opened by moving the operating handle of the disconnector switch. The indicator panel 71 rotates with the opening operation. After the opening is completed, the clearance notches of the indicator panel 71 are misaligned with the limiting protrusions 215 of the interlocking push plate 21 and the limiting protrusions 3111 on the first connecting frame 311. Their physical contours block the interlocking push plate 21 and the top rod assembly 3, preventing the interlocking push plate 21 from moving upward and the door from being opened accidentally.

[0035] Grounding switch closed ( Figure 15 ): Move the grounding switch operating handle to close the grounding switch. After the closing operation, the interlocking push plate 21 will limit the closing interlocking plate of the circuit breaker, prohibiting the circuit breaker from closing. At this time, the indicator panel 71 rotates to align the second clearance notch 72b with the interlocking push plate 21, and the third clearance notch 72c with the limiting protrusion 3111 on the first connecting frame 311 of the top rod assembly 3. However, because the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 drives the first push plate 231 to move to the right due to the driving direction conversion crank arm 222, the second push plate 232 moves to the right and protrudes from the base plate 1 under the action of the push plate compression spring 233, forming a block on the limiting block 314 on the top rod assembly 3, prohibiting the square top rod 31 from being lifted, thereby prohibiting the cabinet door from being lifted and opened.

[0036] At this point, manually push the interlocking push plate 21 to the first position (upper position). The interlocking push plate 21 then moves upwards to block the three-position operating hole, physically preventing operation of the three-position operating mechanism 7. Simultaneously, the pushed-up interlocking push plate 21 releases the restriction on the closing interlocking plate of the circuit breaker, allowing the circuit breaker to close.

[0037] Circuit breaker closing ( Figure 16 ): Manually operate the circuit breaker to close. The circuit breaker closing interlock plate 221 rotates counterclockwise, relocking the interlock push plate 21 to the first position. The direction conversion crank arm 222 drives the push plate assembly 23 to move to the left and retract, releasing the lateral limit on the top rod assembly 3. At this point, the door opening conditions are met.

[0038] Opening Cabinet Door 8: After meeting the above dual conditions, the operator can perform the door opening operation. When lifting cabinet door 8, the push rod assembly 3 (square push rod 31) linked to the door body moves upward accordingly. This movement, on the one hand, completes the initial unlocking of cabinet door 8, and on the other hand, drives the trip interlock plate 32 to rise to the first longitudinal position. The specific contour of the trip interlock plate 32 cooperates with the trip interlock plate 5 of the circuit breaker trip rotary switch 34, forming direct mechanical interference and restricting the tripping operation mechanism of the circuit breaker. After the cabinet door 8 is initially unlocked, it is removed as a whole to open the cable compartment of the cabinet and enter the maintenance state. After the door is opened, under the action of the return spring 313, the push rod assembly 3 descends to the third longitudinal position. At this time, the limit block 323 on the trip interlock plate 32 is horizontally adjacent to the third limit rib 54 on the trip interlock plate 5, further ensuring the reliability of the trip interlock.

[0039] 8. After maintenance is completed, the cabinet door is manually reassembled to its original position and the square top rod is reset. At this time, the trip interlock plate 32 releases the limit on the trip interlock plate 5, so that the trip interlock plate 32 can be operated.

[0040] Return to initial state: Perform the circuit breaker tripping operation again, and after the interlocking push plate 21 is lowered from the first position to the second position, move the grounding switch operating handle to trip the grounding switch, move the isolating switch operating handle to close the isolating switch, and operate the circuit breaker to close it, thereby returning to the initial state.

[0041] This invention integrates an interlocking push plate 21, a push plate assembly 23, a transmission assembly 22, and a push rod assembly 3 on a base plate 1 to construct a purely mechanical interlocking system. Its core principle is as follows: the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 in the transmission assembly 22 is linked with the circuit breaker operating mechanism, reflecting its closing / opening status in real time; when the circuit breaker closes, the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 locks the interlocking push plate 21 in the first position (blocking the three-position operating hole) and drives the push plate assembly 23 to the first lateral position (retracted); when the circuit breaker opens, the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate 221 unlocks the interlocking push plate 21 and drives the push plate assembly 23 to move to the second lateral position (extended), forming a lateral limit on the push rod assembly 3 to prevent opening; only when the grounding switch is closed and the interlocking push plate 21 is reset can the push plate assembly be activated when the circuit breaker is closed again. When component 23 retracts, the lateral limit is released. At this time, the two conditions of grounding switch closing (the three-position indicator panel 71 releases the obstruction to the upward movement of the top rod assembly) and circuit breaker closing (push plate retracts) are met simultaneously. The mechanical "AND" logic is established, and the cabinet door 8 is allowed to be opened. When the cabinet door 8 is opened, it first moves upward and is then removed as a whole. During the upward movement, it drives the top rod 31 to move upward, causing the trip interlock plate 32 to move upward and directly mechanically interfere with the trip interlock plate 5 of the circuit breaker, restricting the trip operation of the circuit breaker. When the door is removed, the top rod assembly 3 resets under the action of gravity and the top rod return spring 313, and the trip interlock plate 32 locks the trip interlock plate 5 to restrict the trip operation of the circuit breaker. It should be noted that (1) in actual application, the cabinet door 8 is removed as a whole after contacting the cabinet body through upward displacement. When the indicator panel 71 and the push plate assembly 23 restrict the upward displacement of the top rod assembly, the top rod assembly also restricts the cabinet door 8, thereby preventing its displacement. After the top rod assembly is released from restriction, the cabinet door 8 can be removed. After removal, the top rod assembly is reset under the action of gravity and the top rod return spring 313. (2) The specific mechanical connection between the circuit breaker and the transmission assembly 22 can be any reliable method known in the art for transmitting state or power, such as connecting through components such as connecting rods, crank arms, cams, sliders or wires. This is easy for those skilled in the art to select and implement, so it will not be described in detail in this specification.

[0042] This invention also discloses a safe operation method for an upper isolating switchgear, wherein the switchgear is equipped with a modular mechanical interlocking structure as described above. The method includes a power outage operation procedure and a power supply operation procedure. The power outage operation procedure includes at least the following steps: S1, in the closed state, performing a tripping operation on the circuit breaker in the closed state; S2, after the circuit breaker trips, moving the interlocking push plate 21 from the first position to the second position; S3, when the interlocking push plate 21 is in the second position, operating the three-position operating mechanism 7 to trip the isolating switch and close the grounding switch; S4 After the grounding switch is closed, the interlocking push plate 21 is moved from the second position back to the first position; S5, the circuit breaker is closed again; S6, the cabinet door 8 of the switchgear is opened; wherein, the interlocking structure is configured such that the operation of opening the cabinet door 8 in step S6 is allowed only after the grounding switch is closed in step S3 and the circuit breaker is closed again in step S5; and after the cabinet door 8 is opened, the interlocking structure mechanically prevents the circuit breaker from performing a tripping operation; the power supply operation process includes at least the following steps: L1, closing the cabinet door 8 of the switchgear; L2, performing a tripping operation on the circuit breaker in the closed state; L3, after the circuit breaker trips, moving the interlocking push plate 21 from the first position to the second position; L4, when the interlocking push plate is in the second position, performing a tripping operation on the grounding switch in the closed state; L5, performing a closing operation on the disconnecting switch in the tripping state; L6, performing a closing operation on the circuit breaker again.

[0043] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. Based on the disclosure and teachings of the above specification, those skilled in the art can make changes and modifications to the above embodiments. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and changes to this invention should also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention. Furthermore, although some specific terms are used in this specification, these terms are only for convenience of explanation and do not constitute any limitation on this invention.

Claims

1. A modular mechanical interlocking structure for an upper disconnecting switchgear, the switchgear comprising a cabinet and a circuit breaker, a circuit breaker operating mechanism, a disconnecting switch, a grounding switch, a three-position operating mechanism, and a cabinet door mounted on the cabinet, wherein the three-position operating mechanism is provided with a disconnecting switch operating handle and a grounding switch operating handle, characterized in that, The interlocking structure includes: A substrate and an interlocking assembly disposed on the substrate, the interlocking assembly comprising: An interlocking push plate that can be moved up and down has a first position for restricting the operation of the three-position operating mechanism and allowing the circuit breaker to close, and a second position for allowing the operation of the three-position operating mechanism and restricting the circuit breaker to close. A pusher assembly that can be laterally displaced, the pusher assembly having a first lateral position and a second lateral position; A transmission assembly connected to the circuit breaker, the transmission assembly including a circuit breaker closing interlock plate and a direction switching crank arm; A tripping interlock plate mounted on the base plate and linked to the circuit breaker operating mechanism; And a top rod assembly that is linked to the cabinet door, the top rod assembly including a square top rod and a gate locking plate disposed on the square top rod; The direction conversion crank arm is connected to the push plate assembly for converting the rotational motion of the circuit breaker operating mechanism into the lateral linear motion of the push plate assembly. The interlocking structure is configured as follows: When the circuit breaker is in the closed state, the circuit breaker closing interlock plate locks the interlock push plate in the first position, and the transmission component drives the push plate assembly to the first lateral position. When the circuit breaker switches from the closed state to the open state, the circuit breaker closing interlock plate releases the lock on the interlock push plate, and the transmission assembly drives the push plate assembly to move to the second lateral position to limit the push rod assembly; When the grounding switch is closed and the interlocking push plate is in the first position, operating the circuit breaker to close will drive the push plate assembly to return from the second lateral position to the first lateral position, thereby releasing the restriction on the top rod assembly; When the cabinet door is opened, the top rod assembly moves, causing the trip interlock plate to engage with the trip interlock plate to restrict the tripping operation of the circuit breaker. The interlocking push plate is provided with a limiting part; The circuit breaker closing interlock plate is in the shape of a crank arm and is rotatably arranged on the front side of the base plate. It includes a first arm and a second arm. The first arm is used to cooperate with the limiting part, and the second arm is connected to the direction conversion crank arm. When the circuit breaker is closed, the circuit breaker closing interlock plate rotates to a first angle, and the first arm blocks the limiting part to prevent the interlock push plate from moving from the first position to the second position; when the circuit breaker is opened, the circuit breaker closing interlock plate rotates to a second angle, and the first arm releases its block on the limiting part.

2. The modular mechanical interlocking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The push plate assembly includes a first push plate, a second push plate, and a push plate compression spring disposed between the two. The first push plate is connected to the direction conversion crank arm via a transmission. The push rod assembly is located on the outside of the base plate and is provided with a limiting block that cooperates with the push plate assembly; The first push plate is disposed on the front side of the substrate, and the second push plate is disposed on the rear side of the substrate; the first push plate is provided with a guide post passing through the substrate, and the second push plate is provided with a transverse groove that slides in cooperation with the guide post. When the second push plate is in the first lateral position, it is housed inside the substrate. When it is in the second lateral position, a portion of it protrudes from the substrate and overlaps with the movement path of the limiting block to form a limit.

3. The modular mechanical interlocking structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The substrate is provided with a first arc-shaped track and a second arc-shaped track that are concentric and positioned opposite each other vertically; The direction conversion crank arm is a straight arm, with a first linkage part at its upper end that slides with the first arc-shaped track and is connected to the circuit breaker closing interlock plate, and a second linkage part at its lower end that slides with the second arc-shaped track. The first push plate has a longitudinally extending second guide groove corresponding to the second linkage part, and the second linkage part extends into the second guide groove.

4. The modular mechanical interlocking structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first and second linkage parts are bolts, and the circuit breaker closing interlock plate and the direction conversion crank arm are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the base plate.

5. The modular mechanical interlocking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circuit breaker operating mechanism includes a circuit breaker closing rotary switch and a circuit breaker opening rotary switch. The closing position of the circuit breaker closing rotary switch partially overlaps with the second position. The opening interlock plate is sleeved on the circuit breaker opening rotary switch. The upper part of the substrate is provided with a clearance space; The top rod assembly includes a first connecting frame, which is located on the rear side of the clearance position and fixedly connected to the upper end of the square top rod, so as to move up and down with the square top rod. The three-position operating mechanism is equipped with an indicator disk that can rotate synchronously with it. The indicator disk is located behind the clearance position, and its outer periphery has a first clearance notch, a second clearance notch, and a third clearance notch. The first clearance notch is used to prevent the interlocking push plate from moving upward when the disconnecting switch is closed. The second clearance notch is used to prevent the interlocking push plate from moving upward when the grounding switch is closed. The third clearance notch is used to prevent the first connecting frame from moving upward when the grounding switch is closed. The interlocking push plate is provided with a rearward protruding limiting protrusion; The interlocking structure is configured as follows: When the disconnecting switch and circuit breaker are closed, the outer periphery of the indicator panel prevents the first connecting frame from moving upward. The first clearance notch is adapted to the position of the limiting protrusion, allowing the limiting protrusion to move upward, so that the interlocking push plate is in the first position, and the circuit breaker closing interlocking plate locks the interlocking push plate in the first position. When the disconnecting switch or circuit breaker trips, the transmission assembly releases the lock on the interlocking push plate, the interlocking push plate descends to the second position, and the push plate assembly restricts the upward movement of the push rod assembly; When the grounding switch and circuit breaker are closed, the indicator disk rotates to the position where the second clearance notch is opposite to the position of the limit protrusion, and the third clearance notch is opposite to the position of the first connecting frame, thereby allowing the clearance interlock push plate and the first connecting frame to move upward, so that the interlock push plate returns to the first position.

6. The modular mechanical interlocking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interlocking push plate is located on the front side of the base plate; The interlocking structure is installed in the mechanism chamber of the switch cabinet, and the outer wall of the mechanism chamber is provided with three operating holes; The interlocking structure is configured such that when the interlocking push plate is in the second position, its plate body is located below the three-position operating hole and does not form an obstruction; when the interlocking push plate is in the first position, its plate body moves vertically to a position opposite to the three-position operating hole.

7. The modular mechanical interlocking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interlocking assembly has a flat design and is arranged on the front, rear and side of the substrate.

8. The modular mechanical interlocking structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interlocking structure is located in the mechanism chamber of the switch cabinet; the cabinet door is the door of the cable compartment, and the top rod assembly is located on the side of the base plate and abuts against the upper end of the door.

9. An operating method for an upper isolating switchgear, wherein the switchgear is provided with a modular mechanical interlocking structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The operation method includes a power outage operation procedure and a power restoration operation procedure. The power outage operation procedure includes at least the following steps: S1. Perform a tripping operation on a circuit breaker that is in the closed state; S2. After the circuit breaker is tripped, the interlocking push plate is moved from the first position to the second position; S3. When the interlocking push plate is in the second position, operate the three-position operating mechanism to open the disconnecting switch and close the grounding switch; S4. After the grounding switch is closed, move the interlocking push plate from the second position back to the first position; S5. Perform the closing operation on the circuit breaker again; S6. Open the cabinet door of the switch cabinet; The power supply operation procedure includes the following steps: L1. Close the cabinet door of the switch cabinet; L2. Perform a tripping operation on a circuit breaker that is in the closed state; L3. After the circuit breaker is tripped, the interlocking push plate is moved from the first position to the second position; L4. When the interlocking push plate is in the second position, the grounding switch that is in the closed state is opened. L5. Perform a closing operation on the disconnecting switch that is in the open state; L6. Reset the interlocking push plate from the second position to the first position, and perform the closing operation on the circuit breaker again; The interlocking structure is configured such that the operation of opening the cabinet door in step S6 is allowed only after the grounding switch is closed in step S3 and the circuit breaker is closed again in step S5; and after the cabinet door is opened, the interlocking structure mechanically prevents the circuit breaker from performing the tripping operation.

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