Server cabinet

Abstract

This invention provides a server rack, relating to the field of server rack heat dissipation technology, comprising a rack body, multiple fan assemblies, and multiple airflow deflectors. Multiple vertically arranged accommodating spaces are formed within the rack to house servers. An airflow deflector is installed between each of the server's two ends and two side walls in the lateral direction. Part of the airflow from the fan assemblies is directed towards the server, while the other part blows from both sides of the server towards the airflow deflectors. Under the impact of the airflow, the deflectors compress a first elastic element, shifting it from a first position to a second position. Driven by the first elastic element, and aided by the decrease in airflow intensity, the deflectors return from the second position to the first position, thus cyclically deflecting the airflow and solving the problem of heat dead zones easily generated inside the rack body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of server rack heat dissipation technology, and in particular to a server rack. Background Technology

[0002] Server racks are standard structured carriers used in critical infrastructure such as data centers and network server rooms to centrally install and protect electronic equipment. Traditional racks typically use standardized dimensions (e.g., 19 inches wide, 42U high), constructed from cold-rolled steel or aluminum alloy frames, and equipped with adjustable mounting rails, cable management systems, power distribution units, and security door locks. With the development of high-density computing and modular data centers, rack design is gradually shifting towards intelligence and integration. For example, embedding sensors enables micro-environment monitoring within the rack, or employing flexible frame structures to accommodate the mixed deployment of heterogeneous equipment.

[0003] The heat dissipation performance of server racks directly affects the reliability and energy efficiency of electronic equipment. Traditional cooling solutions primarily rely on data center room-level air conditioning systems, using forced cooling air to create hot and cold aisles between racks. However, as the power density of single racks continues to increase, from the early 2-3kW to 20kW and above, ordinary airflow patterns easily lead to the formation of localized hot spots within the rack, resulting in low cooling efficiency and energy waste. Currently, several new cooling technologies have been developed, including rack-level precision airflow systems (such as fan auxiliary units), liquid cooling solutions such as immersion cooling, and IoT-based dynamic temperature field control technology.

[0004] Servers and electronic devices inside a server rack are typically arranged in layers. Among related technologies, top or bottom through-ventilation structures are simple and easy to install, but their heat dissipation capacity is limited, and heat tends to accumulate at the top or bottom. Rear-mounted integrated ventilation offers relatively better heat dissipation uniformity, but requires a large number of fans, resulting in high cost and noise during operation. Furthermore, in this type of cooling, only the ventilation intensity usually changes according to the server's workload, and the frequency of these changes is low. The airflow within the rack remains constant for extended periods, easily creating dead zones that can lead to localized overheating of servers or electronic devices. Configuring a series of movable structures for the fans is costly and complex for subsequent maintenance. Therefore, optimizing the server rack's cooling structure to flexibly change the airflow within the rack and reduce dead zones has become a pressing technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a server rack that at least solves the problems of heat dead zones easily generated inside server racks and high costs associated with actively controlling fan turbulence in related technologies.

[0006] The present invention provides a server rack, comprising: a rack body, wherein a plurality of accommodating spaces are formed within the rack body along the height direction, and each accommodating space houses a server; a plurality of fan assemblies mounted on the outer side of the rear wall of the rack body, adapted to dissipate heat from the servers by blowing air through the rear wall; a plurality of airflow deflectors, each of the airflow deflectors disposed between an end of each server and a side wall of the rack body, each of the airflow deflectors comprising: a deflector plate rotatably mounted on the side wall about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction, and having a windward surface parallel to the transverse direction and having an angle of inclination variable relative to the height direction; a first elastic member supported between the deflector plate and the side wall, wherein the deflector plate is configured to rotate from a first position to a second position based on the blowing force of airflow from the fan assemblies on the windward surface, overcoming the elastic force of the first elastic member, and returning to the first position under the drive of the first elastic member in response to a decrease in the intensity of the airflow, so as to rotate to the second position again.

[0007] This invention incorporates a baffle assembly between each server and the side wall of the cabinet. While the fan assembly cools the server, it simultaneously blows air onto a baffle plate, compressing a first elastic element. The baffle plate then swings upwards under the combined influence of the first elastic element and the reduced airflow intensity from the fan assembly. After the baffle plate resets, the airflow intensity returns to normal, allowing for the next swing. This process repeats, disrupting some of the airflow between the server and the cabinet's side wall, effectively reducing the formation of heat dead zones. The structure is simple and easy to implement, requiring no complex modifications to existing fan assembly structures and eliminating the need for complex adjustment and control mechanisms. Attached Figure Description

[0008] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0009] Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a server rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0010] Figure 2 This invention provides a three-dimensional structural diagram of a server rack from another perspective, as shown in an embodiment of the invention.

[0011] Figure 3 A partially enlarged view of a turbulence-disrupting component for a server rack, provided as an embodiment of the present invention;

[0012] Figure 4 A partially enlarged view of a spoiler for a server rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0013] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of gas flow inside the housing space of a server rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0014] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of the fan assembly of a server rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] Figure 7 This is a partial enlarged view of the support plate of a server rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] In the accompanying drawings, the meanings of the reference numerals are as follows:

[0017] 1. Cabinet;

[0018] 11. Rear wall;

[0019] 12. Side walls;

[0020] 121. Air supply vent;

[0021] 122. Vent;

[0022] 2. Fan assembly;

[0023] 3. Aerodynamic components;

[0024] 31. Spoiler;

[0025] 311. Substrate;

[0026] 312. Windproof panel;

[0027] 313. Second elastic element;

[0028] 32. First elastic element;

[0029] 4. Heat exchange components;

[0030] 41. Exhaust duct;

[0031] 42. Refrigerator;

[0032] 43. Air supply duct;

[0033] 5. Liquid cooling piping;

[0034] 6. Filter plate;

[0035] 61. Through hole;

[0036] 7. Support plate;

[0037] 71. Limiting protrusion;

[0038] 72. Vent hole;

[0039] 8. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. The terms "installed," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two elements. The terms "parallel," "perpendicular," and "equal" include the described situation and situations similar to the described situation, where the range of similar situations is within an acceptable deviation range, which is determined by those skilled in the art taking into account the measurement under discussion and the error associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallelism and approximate parallelism, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate parallelism can be, for example, within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicularity and approximate perpendicularity, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate perpendicularity can also be, for example, within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, where the acceptable deviation range for approximate equality can be, for example, the difference between the two equal items being less than or equal to 5% of either one. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0042] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] This invention provides a server rack that effectively reduces heat dead zones inside the server by periodically varying the airflow intensity of the fan assembly to drive a turbulence-disrupting component. This approach is cost-effective, and the small variations in airflow intensity have minimal negative impact on heat dissipation. Furthermore, combined with cool air input, it facilitates cool air diffusion and increases the contact area with the server.

[0044] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a server rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a server rack from another perspective, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged view of a turbulence-causing component for a server rack, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Embodiments of the present invention provide a server rack, such as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the system includes a cabinet 1, multiple fan assemblies 2, and multiple airflow deflectors 3. The cabinet 1 contains multiple accommodating spaces arranged along its height, each housing a server. The fan assemblies 2 are mounted on the outer side of the rear wall 11 of the cabinet 1, designed to dissipate heat from each server by blowing air through the rear wall 11. Each airflow deflector 3 is disposed between the end of each server and the side wall 12 of the cabinet 1, and each deflector 3 includes a deflector plate 31 and a first elastic element 32. The deflector plate 31 is rotatably mounted to the side wall 12 about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction and has a windward surface parallel to the lateral direction and with a variable tilt angle relative to the height direction. The first elastic member 32 is supported between the spoiler 31 and the side wall 12. The spoiler 31 is configured to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic member 32 and rotate from the first position to the second position based on the blowing force of the airflow from the fan assembly 2 on the windward surface, and return to the first position under the drive of the first elastic member 32 in response to the decrease in the intensity of the airflow, so as to turn to the second position again.

[0046] In this implementation, the cabinet 1 consists of a rear wall 11, two side walls 12, a top plate, a bottom plate, and a cabinet door opposite the rear wall 11. The interior of the cabinet 1 forms multiple accommodating spaces arranged along the height direction. Multiple servers are placed in each accommodating space in layers, and each accommodating space is equipped with a set of fan assemblies 2. A baffle assembly 3 is installed between each of the two ends of the server and the two side walls 12 in the lateral direction. This ensures that part of the airflow from the fan assembly 2 is directed towards the server, while the other part blows from both sides of the server towards the baffle assembly 3. The baffle assembly 3 agitates this airflow to avoid creating a dead zone between the server and the side walls 12.

[0047] Furthermore, the windward surface of the spoiler 31 is subjected to airflow impact, enabling the spoiler 31 to overcome the elastic force of the first elastic member 32 and rotate from the first position to the second position, or in other words, from the initial position toward the sidewall 12 to the critical position. During the rotation, the tilt angle of the windward surface, which was originally inclined relative to the height direction, gradually increases (the angle between the windward surface and the height direction), and the contact area directly facing the airflow from the fan assembly 2 gradually decreases. Subsequently, the intensity of the airflow blown by the fan assembly 2 is adjusted to reduce it slightly, and the reduction in contact area allows the elastic force of the first elastic member 32 to drive the spoiler 31 from the second position back to the first position, or in other words, from the critical position away from the sidewall 12 to the initial position. During rotation, the contact area between the windward surface and the airflow from the fan assembly 2 gradually increases, the elastic deformation of the first elastic element 32 gradually recovers, the elastic force gradually decreases, and then the airflow intensity blown out by the fan assembly 2 recovers, so as to blow the spoiler 31 from the first position to the second position again. This cycle repeats, combining the passive mechanical structure with a small active control input, so as to continuously disturb the airflow by using small changes in airflow intensity. There is no need to make complex modifications to the structure of the fan assembly 2, nor is it necessary to configure motors or other control mechanisms for the spoiler assembly 3. This allows for continuous adjustment of the airflow state in the server rack where dead zones are likely to occur.

[0048] It should be noted that the aforementioned "small amplitude" refers to a slight decrease in the airflow intensity from fan assembly 2, allowing the spoiler 31 to successfully reset. During the reset process, initially the contact area between the windward surface and the airflow is small, meaning the blowing force is small, and the first elastic element 32 can drive the spoiler to rotate a certain angle towards the first position. Subsequently, due to the increased contact area leading to increased blowing force and decreased elasticity, the spoiler 31 may fail to return to the first position. At this point, a short, small decrease in the airflow intensity from fan assembly 2 is sufficient to allow the spoiler 31 to continue rotating the remaining angle back to the first position. Furthermore, the elastic deformation recovery of the first elastic element 32 is a brief and rapid process; therefore, a short, small decrease in airflow intensity can achieve the desired oscillation and spoiler effect of the spoiler 31 without severely impacting the overall heat dissipation of the server. The specific power reduction (corresponding to the airflow intensity) and duration of the reduction can be determined based on data such as the elastic coefficient of the first elastic element 32, the area of ​​the windward surface, and the initial angle between the windward surface and the height direction, combined with experimental verification, and set through the built-in program of the fan assembly 2's controller.

[0049] In some preferred embodiments, the first elastic element 32 includes a spring to respond quickly to a decrease in airflow intensity and push the spoiler 31 back to a first position.

[0050] In some alternative embodiments, when the spoiler 31 is in the first position, the angle between the windward side and the height direction is between 10° and 30°.

[0051] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged view of a spoiler for a server rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figures 2 to 4 As shown, the spoiler 31 includes a base plate 311 and a windward plate 312. The base plate 311 is rotatably connected to the side wall 12 about a support shaft mounted on the side wall 12 and extending in the longitudinal direction, and is connected to the first elastic member 32. The windward plate 312 is rotatably connected to the base plate 311 through a second elastic member 313. The surface of the windward plate 312 facing the fan assembly 2 serves as the windward surface, so that the windward plate 312, driven by the airflow, overcomes the elastic force of the second elastic member 313 and rotates towards the base plate 311 about a pivot mounted on the base plate 311 and extending in the transverse direction, thereby causing the base plate 311 to rotate towards the side wall 12.

[0053] In this embodiment, the windward plate 312 is rotatably connected to the substrate 311 via the second elastic member 313. When the windward surface is subjected to airflow impact, both the first elastic member 32 and the second elastic member 313 are compressed, and the windward plate 312 rotates toward the substrate 311. Furthermore, the second elastic member 313 presses the substrate 311 down, meaning the blowing force of the airflow on the windward surface overcomes the elastic force of the first elastic member 32 and the second elastic member 313, causing the substrate 311 to rotate from the first position to the second position. Subsequently, due to the reduced blowing force on the windward surface, the deformation of the first elastic member 32 recovers, and the deformation of the second elastic member 313 is completely recovered under the influence of the reduced airflow intensity.

[0054] The first elastic element 32 and the second elastic element 313 work together to form a two-stage rotation, making the entire airflow spoiler assembly 3 more sensitive to airflow. This allows the dynamic response characteristics of the spoiler 31 (such as the activation threshold and oscillation frequency) to be more precisely adjusted by designing the elastic coefficient of the second elastic element 313. Simultaneously, the relative motion between the windward plate 312 and the substrate 311 generates more complex local flow field changes than a single plate oscillation. During the oscillation cycle, the change in the angle of the windward plate 312 alters the direction and velocity of the local airflow in advance. This, combined with the subsequent oscillation of the windward plate 312 and the substrate 311, generates richer and more irregular vortices between the server and the sidewall, thereby more effectively dispersing any potential laminar dead zones and improving airflow mixing and heat dissipation uniformity.

[0055] Furthermore, the power requirements for fan assembly 2 vary under different server loads, and the separate structure of the base plate 311 and the air intake plate 312 can better adapt to this unevenness. For example, when the server load is low and the airflow intensity is adjusted to a lower level, the air intake plate 312 may only undergo a small relative rotation while the base plate 311 oscillates with little amplitude; when the server load is high and the airflow intensity is adjusted to a higher level, a complete dual motion can be achieved. This allows the turbulence effect to be achieved more adaptively throughout the entire cabinet space.

[0056] In some optional embodiments, the second elastic element 313 includes a torsion spring, and the elastic coefficient of the first elastic element 32 is approximately equal to that of the second elastic element 313. This avoids abrupt changes in motion or coupled vibrations caused by excessive differences, making the overall oscillation motion of the spoiler 31 more consistent and stable, reducing mechanical shock and potential wear, and improving long-term operational reliability. Furthermore, the similar elastic coefficients allow for more efficient energy transfer between the windward plate 312 and the base plate 311, reducing energy loss or phase delay during transmission, and enabling the airflow energy to be more efficiently converted into continuous, regular oscillating mechanical energy.

[0057] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the server rack also includes a heat exchange component 4, which is suitable for extracting air from the containment space and returning it to the containment space after cooling.

[0058] In this implementation, a heat exchange component 4 is further provided, utilizing an active cooling cycle to dissipate heat and cool the storage space within the cabinet 1. The airflow deflector 3 eliminates localized dead zones between the server and the inner wall of the cabinet 1, ensuring that airflow is evenly distributed across the entire surface of the server. The heat exchange component 4 is responsible for overall heat transfer. The activation of airflow in dead zones by the airflow deflector 3 allows the cool air delivered by the heat exchange component 4 to diffuse rapidly and evenly, while also allowing as much hot air as possible to be extracted, avoiding residue near dead zones. This extracted hot air more accurately reflects the overall heat load of the server, preventing misjudgments of the temperature inside the cabinet 1 due to unattended hot spots. This allows the heat exchange component 4 to adjust its operating parameters more precisely and specifically, facilitating the achievement of ideal heat dissipation with the same or lower energy consumption.

[0059] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of gas flow inside the containment space of a server rack, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, there are two sets of heat exchange components 4, which are respectively installed on the two side walls 12 of the cabinet 1. Each side wall 12 has multiple sets of air holes that communicate with the heat exchange components 4 on the same side to exchange heat for each accommodating space. The air holes include air supply holes 121 and air exhaust holes 122. The air supply holes 121 are arranged close to the fan assembly 2, and the air exhaust holes 122 are arranged away from the fan assembly 2 to form a heat dissipation cycle.

[0061] This implementation provides a dual-sided integrated heat exchange solution. The airflow from the rear of the cabinet 1, delivered by the fan assembly 2, cools the server from the front, causing the temperature to rise. The hot air is actively drawn from the front of the server (near the cabinet door) by the exhaust vent 122 (away from the fan assembly 2, i.e., near the cabinet door), passes through the side wall 12, and is guided to the heat exchange assembly 4 for cooling. Cooling methods include, but are not limited to, heat exchange with cooling water via a heat exchanger. After cooling to cold air, the hot air is exhausted from the heat exchange assembly 4 and returns to the receiving space through the exhaust vent 121 near the fan assembly 2, mixing with the airflow blown out by the fan assembly 2 and being delivered to the server.

[0062] like Figure 5 As shown, the circulation path formed in this way helps to improve the gas exchange efficiency in the containment space, improve the flow and reduce accumulation and residue, and make the ventilation and heat exchange in the containment space more sufficient. At the same time, the turbulence component 3 can not only make the cold air diffuse and mix as soon as possible, but also help the hot air to be discharged / extracted as soon as possible.

[0063] In some optional embodiments, a grid-type guide vane structure is provided at the air supply port 121 and the air exhaust port 122. To avoid excessive complexity, the grid-type guide vane structure is preferably manually adjustable to change the air supply or exhaust angle.

[0064] In some optional embodiments, the heat exchange assembly 4 includes multiple valves for controlling the opening and closing of the vents in each containment space to save energy when individual servers are not in use.

[0065] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 3 As shown, the height of the exhaust vent 122, which is located in the same accommodating space, is higher than the height of the air supply vent 121.

[0066] In this implementation, within the same accommodating space, the air supply vent 121 is positioned relatively low, typically corresponding to the lower-middle part of the server; while the exhaust vent 122 is positioned relatively high, typically corresponding to the upper-middle part of the server. The vents on the two side walls 12 are arranged symmetrically. The hot air generated by the server naturally rises under the action of thermal buoyancy. The heat exchange assembly 4 actively extracts this portion of the hot air gathered above through the exhaust vent 122 located at a higher position at the front of the server and cools it. The resulting cool air is then returned through the lower air supply vent 121, forming a composite circulation that combines the advantages of forced convection and natural convection.

[0067] By placing the exhaust vent 122 at a high position, the hottest air mass can be directly captured, reducing the wasted effort required to overcome airflow paths that contradict natural trends and lowering system energy consumption. Simultaneously, the high-position extraction creates a negative pressure zone above the front of the server, more effectively guiding the rising and converging of hot airflow and improving heat dissipation efficiency. Low-temperature air is introduced from the bottom, gradually absorbing heat and warming up as it flows through the server, finally being extracted at a higher temperature at the top. This arrangement, where the flow direction is opposite to the temperature change direction, creates a highly efficient near-countercurrent heat exchange mode between the server and the cooling air, fully utilizing the cooling air's heat absorption capacity and avoiding the waste of cooling capacity caused by insufficient heat exchange in conventional mixed-flow systems. The "low-supply, high-extraction" vertical airflow actively pushes cold air to the bottom and extracts hot air from the top, breaking down temperature stratification and resulting in a more uniform ambient temperature across the server from bottom to top. This helps prevent protective throttling triggered by localized overheating, ensuring continuous high-performance operation of the equipment. The turbulence-disrupting component 3 periodically disturbs the airflow on both sides of the server, primarily addressing the issue of lateral airflow uniformity. Meanwhile, the "low-supply, high-extraction" layout dominates the directional flow in the vertical plane. Together, they construct a three-dimensional optimized flow field with active horizontal disturbance and orderly vertical guidance, achieving full-dimensional controllable diffusion of cooling airflow in the space surrounding the server.

[0068] In some optional embodiments, both the air supply hole 121 and the air exhaust hole 122 are located below the spoiler assembly 3, and the air supply and exhaust will not affect the swing of the spoiler 31.

[0069] In some optional embodiments, the actual effective positions of the air supply vent 121 and the exhaust vent 122 can be further adjusted. For example, in the embodiments described above, a grid-type air guide structure is provided at the air supply vent 121 and the exhaust vent 122. This grid-type air guide structure can also be configured to have a partial opening function; for example, the lower half of the air supply vent 121 can be opened, and the upper half of the exhaust vent 122 can be opened, to further improve compatibility with the fan assembly 2 and the airflow deflector assembly 3. Alternatively, based on the server's own heat dissipation characteristics, the upper half of the air supply vent 121 can be opened, and the lower half of the exhaust vent 122 can be opened, appropriately reducing the height difference between the two to match the server's heat dissipation characteristics.

[0070] In some preferred embodiments, the ducts formed in the sidewall 12 corresponding to the exhaust vent 122 are inclined, with the side closer to the accommodating space being lower than the side closer to the external environment, in order to further guide the hot air to flow upward.

[0071] Further according to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the heat exchange assembly 4 includes an exhaust duct 41, a cooler 42, and an air supply duct 43. The exhaust duct 41 is connected to multiple exhaust ports 122. The cooler 42 is connected to the exhaust duct 41 and is used to cool the extracted hot air. The air supply duct 43 is connected to the cooler 42 and is connected to multiple air supply ports 121, and is used to guide the cooled air back into the receiving space.

[0072] In this implementation, the physical flow paths for hot air collection and cold air distribution are separated through dedicated exhaust duct 41 and supply duct 43, avoiding short-circuiting or mutual interference of hot and cold airflows that may occur in previous mixed air ducts, thus ensuring heat exchange efficiency. Both exhaust duct 41 and supply duct 43 consist of a main pipe and multiple branch pipes. One end of the main pipe is connected to the cooler 42, and the branch pipes are connected to the supply air port 121 / exhaust air port 122.

[0073] In some alternative embodiments, the cooler 42 may be an air-cooled condenser, a plate-type, or other form of air-to-refrigerant heat exchanger. For example, hot air flows over the surface of the heat exchange fins or tube bundle, exchanging heat with the refrigerant in a non-contact manner.

[0074] In some alternative embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, both the exhaust duct 41 and the supply duct 43 are external ducts, installed on the outside of the cabinet 1. The exhaust duct 41 and the supply duct 43 can also be embedded ducts in the side wall 12 of the cabinet 1 to utilize different sizes of layout space.

[0075] Figure 6 This is a partial enlarged view of the fan assembly of a server rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 7This is a partial enlarged view of the support plate of a server rack provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0076] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 6 As shown, the server rack also includes a liquid cooling pipe 5, which is arranged on the air outlet side of the fan assembly 2. The liquid cooling pipe 5 is filled with a cooling medium and is suitable for cooling the airflow.

[0077] This implementation further integrates a hybrid cooling architecture to address higher heat density or more stringent temperature control requirements. Specifically, the liquid cooling pipe 5 is located downstream of the fan exhaust airflow. The liquid cooling pipe 5 is filled with a circulating cooling medium (e.g., water, ethylene glycol aqueous solution) to pre-cool or deeply cool the airflow before it enters the containment space. This increases the temperature difference between the air and the server, significantly improving the convective heat dissipation capacity of the airflow on the server. Overall, it reduces the reliance on the limits of a single cooling method, resulting in higher system redundancy and reliability. The turbulence component 3 operates between the server and the side wall 12, and its oscillation effect is influenced by air viscosity and density. Lower temperature and denser air helps improve airflow dynamics, making the oscillation response of the turbulence plate 31 more sensitive and regular, thereby improving the stability and predictability of the local turbulence effect.

[0078] In some optional embodiments, the liquid cooling pipe 5 is divided into multiple independent loops along the height direction, each loop corresponding to a containment space and equipped with an independent flow regulating valve. This allows for differentiated pre-cooling intensity based on the actual load of servers on different floors, achieving precise temperature control along the height direction.

[0079] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 6 As shown, the server rack also includes a filter plate 6, on which a plurality of through holes 61 are formed to allow the airflow to enter the housing space and block dust.

[0080] In such an implementation, see Figure 6 As shown, the fan assembly 2, liquid cooling pipe 5, and filter plate 6 are sequentially embedded in the rear wall 11 in the longitudinal direction. Ventilation slots are formed on the rear wall 11 to protect the fan assembly 2 from damage by foreign objects. The airflow from the fan assembly 2 first passes through the liquid cooling pipe 5, then through the through-holes in the filter plate 6. This cooling process removes dust, fibers, and other debris as much as possible, preventing risks such as decreased insulation performance, poor contact, reduced heat dissipation efficiency, and potential electrochemical migration caused by dust accumulation. This significantly improves the long-term operational reliability and lifespan of the server.

[0081] In some preferred embodiments, multiple through holes 61 are evenly spaced along both the lateral and vertical directions to enable the filter plate 6 to play a certain role in equalizing airflow. This helps to adjust the airflow delivered by the fan assembly 2, which may have local unevenness, into a more uniform laminar or flat direct flow before it is delivered into the receiving space.

[0082] In some alternative embodiments, a sealing strip is provided at the connection between the filter plate 6 and the inner wall of the cabinet 1 to prevent unfiltered airflow from leaking from the edges.

[0083] In some alternative embodiments, the surface of the filter plate 6 facing the server is also covered with filter cotton, including but not limited to non-woven fabric or glass fiber support, to achieve micron-level particle impurity filtration.

[0084] In some optional embodiments, micro differential pressure sensors are installed on the windward and leeward sides of the filter plate 6. As dust accumulates, the pressure difference between the front and rear sides gradually increases. The control system can monitor this pressure difference in real time, and when the pressure difference exceeds a set threshold (indicating that many through holes 61 are blocked), an alarm signal is issued through the cabinet management interface or indicator lights to achieve predictive maintenance and avoid overheating caused by insufficient airflow due to complete blockage of the filter plate 6.

[0085] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 and Figure 7 As shown, the server rack also includes multiple support plates 7, which are arranged at intervals along the height direction within the cabinet 1 to create multiple accommodating spaces. Each support plate 7 is provided with two limiting protrusions 71, which are suitable for restricting the movement of the server relative to the support plate 7 in the lateral direction.

[0086] In this implementation, the server is restricted to the horizontal center position of the design by the limiting protrusion 71, which ensures that the air duct of the server and the whole cabinet (fan assembly 2 from the rear wall 11, air supply hole 121 and exhaust hole 122 from the side wall 12) are aligned or maintain a preset relative position. This avoids airflow short circuits caused by server misalignment or sliding, partial airflow not flowing through the server, uneven air resistance, or inconsistent gaps with the side wall 12 baffle assembly 3 causing the baffle plate 31 to deviate from the expected swing state. This ensures that the designed heat dissipation airflow path is effectively executed.

[0087] In addition, the limiting protrusions 71 provide a lateral mechanical constraint for the server, preventing it from "micro-movement" or cumulative displacement on the support plate 7, reducing the risk of component fatigue damage due to long-term vibration. Furthermore, the two limiting protrusions 71 can also serve as guides, making it easy for maintenance personnel to align the server naturally when pushing it in, eliminating the need for tedious fine-tuning, simplifying the installation process and reducing human error during installation.

[0088] In some alternative embodiments, the limiting protrusion 71 is configured to slide back and forth in the lateral direction and lock in any position to accommodate servers of different sizes.

[0089] In some alternative embodiments, the limiting protrusion 71 is provided with a vibration damping block against the surface of the server. The vibration damping block is made of silicone or rubber, among other things, to absorb vibration energy and prevent wear and noise between the server's metal casing and the limiting protrusion 71.

[0090] According to embodiments of the present invention, such as Figure 7 As shown, ventilation holes 72 are formed on the support plate 7, which are suitable for connecting adjacent accommodating spaces.

[0091] In this implementation, the vent 72 provides a vertical flow path, which helps balance the static air pressure between the upper and lower layers, allowing the airflow to flow more stably along the designed main channel (horizontally through the servers), reducing unintended bypass airflow and improving the efficiency of the overall airflow organization. When the load on a certain layer of servers is low and the heat generation is small, the required cooling airflow is also less. Some of the excess cooling air from the fans can flow upward or downward through the vent 72 of the support plate 7 of that layer, providing additional cooling air supplement to the servers in adjacent high-load layers. This achieves a limited redistribution of cooling resources in the vertical direction and enhances the system's adaptive ability to cope with non-uniform heat loads.

[0092] In some alternative embodiments, the carrier plates 7 at different heights can employ different aperture ratios or aperture patterns. For example, a lower aperture ratio can be used in the middle layer where high-power devices are expected to be installed to force more airflow horizontally through the server; while a higher aperture ratio can be used at the top or bottom to optimize the overall air pressure balance.

[0093] In some alternative embodiments, some of the vents 72 can be designed to be larger in size or have a special shape, while also serving as cable holes through which power or data cables pass, thus achieving integration of structure and function.

[0094] In one exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the server rack also includes multiple temperature sensors 8, which are respectively installed on the top of each of the housing spaces, and are suitable for monitoring the temperature inside the housing space.

[0095] In this implementation, the temperature sensor 8 can be installed on the bottom of the support plate 7 in the above embodiment, or on the side wall 12. The overall speed of the fan assembly 2 can be adjusted according to the temperature readings of each containment space. For example, if the temperature of a certain layer is consistently high, the fan assembly 2 can be instructed to increase the airflow intensity of the corresponding area. The power of the cooler 42 of the heat exchange assembly 4 (such as refrigerant flow rate) or the speed of the internal circulating fan can be linked to the average temperature or the highest temperature of each layer. By comparing the temperature uniformity of different containment spaces, the working effect of the turbulence-disrupting assembly 3 can be indirectly evaluated. If the temperature of a certain side gap area is abnormal, it may indicate that the turbulence-disrupting assembly at that location needs to be inspected or maintained.

[0096] In some other embodiments, multiple temperature sensors 8 are arranged in each containment space to perform multi-point temperature monitoring, thereby forming a more comprehensive temperature monitoring network.

[0097] The server rack provided by this invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A server rack, characterized in that, include: The cabinet contains multiple storage spaces arranged along its height, and each storage space contains a server. Multiple fan assemblies are installed on the outer side of the rear wall of the cabinet, suitable for dissipating heat from the server by blowing air through the rear wall; Multiple flow-disrupting components, each of which is disposed between the end of each server and the side wall of the cabinet, each of which includes: A spoiler is rotatably mounted on the sidewall about an axis extending in the longitudinal direction and has a windward surface that is parallel to the lateral direction and has a variable tilt angle relative to the height direction. A first elastic element is supported between the spoiler and the sidewall. The spoiler is configured to rotate from a first position to a second position based on the blowing force of the airflow from the fan assembly on the windward surface, overcoming the elastic force of the first elastic element, and to return to the first position under the drive of the first elastic element in response to a decrease in the intensity of the airflow, so as to turn to the second position again. The spoiler includes: The substrate is rotatably connected to the sidewall and connected to the first elastic member; A windward plate is rotatably connected to the substrate via a second elastic element. The surface of the windward plate facing the fan assembly serves as the windward surface, so that the windward plate, driven by the airflow, overcomes the elastic force of the second elastic element and rotates around an axis extending in the lateral direction toward the substrate, thereby causing the substrate to rotate toward the sidewall.

2. The server rack according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a heat exchange component suitable for extracting air from the containment space and returning it to the containment space after cooling.

3. The server rack according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two sets of heat exchange components are provided and installed on the two side walls of the cabinet respectively. Each side wall has multiple sets of air holes that communicate with the heat exchange components on the same side to exchange heat with each of the accommodating spaces. The air holes include air supply holes and air exhaust holes. The air supply holes are arranged close to the fan assembly, and the air exhaust holes are arranged away from the fan assembly to form a heat dissipation cycle.

4. The server rack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The height of the exhaust vent located within the same containment space is higher than the height of the air supply vent.

5. The server rack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The heat exchange assembly includes: The exhaust duct is connected to the plurality of exhaust holes; A cooler, connected to the exhaust duct, is used to cool the extracted hot air. An air supply duct, connected to the refrigerator and communicating with multiple air supply holes, is used to guide the cooled air back to the containing space.

6. The server rack according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a liquid cooling pipe arranged on the air outlet side of the fan assembly, the liquid cooling pipe being filled with a cooling medium suitable for cooling the airflow.

7. The server rack according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a filter plate with multiple through holes to allow the airflow into the containment space and block dust.

8. The server rack according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple support plates, which are spaced apart along the height direction in the cabinet to form multiple receiving spaces. Each support plate is provided with two limiting protrusions, which are suitable for restricting the movement of the server relative to the support plate in the lateral direction.

9. The server rack according to claim 8, characterized in that, The support plate has ventilation holes for connecting adjacent accommodating spaces.

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