Self-cleaning dust falling device for building construction

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of building construction dust falling equipment, and particularly relates to a self-cleaning dust falling device for building construction, which comprises a mobile base, a water tank, a booster pump and a lifting support are arranged on the mobile base, a spray arm is arranged on the lifting support, and a spray head shell is arranged at the water outlet end of the spray arm; a filter water supply assembly, a split dredging assembly and a backflushing sewage discharge assembly are arranged in the spray head shell. When blocked, the first stroke of the differential pressure actuator drives the spray hole loose needle to pass through the atomizing spray hole plate for dredging, and drives the telescopic rod and the connecting rod to move synchronously without opening the rotary valve; the second stroke of the differential pressure actuator drives the blocking plate to adhere to the main road throttle seat, and makes the telescopic rod retract under the action of the slope guide surface in the backflushing channel, lifts one side of the rotary valve through the connecting rod to open the backflushing channel, high-pressure water enters the inside of the filter cartridge and backflushes the filter cartridge from inside to outside, and sewage is discharged through the sewage discharge port.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of dust suppression equipment for building construction, and in particular to a self-cleaning dust suppression device for building construction. Background Technology

[0002] Construction sites often generate significant amounts of dust during earthwork excavation, sand and gravel transportation, wall cutting, concrete breaking, vehicle traffic, and construction waste removal. To reduce dust dispersion, wet dust suppression methods are typically employed at construction sites, including sprinkler systems, mist cannons, mobile spray devices, or perimeter spray systems. These devices generally use booster pumps to deliver water to nozzles, which then atomize it into a fine water mist. This mist then comes into contact with airborne dust particles, causing them to settle.

[0003] Existing dust suppression spray systems for construction typically include a water tank, water pump, support frame, and spray nozzles. This type of system can achieve basic dust suppression and allows for adjustment of the spray position according to the construction area. However, the spray nozzles usually only perform the function of atomizing water. When impurities such as mud, sand, cement lumps, and rust fragments enter the spray nozzle, they easily accumulate on the internal filter surface or at the atomizing nozzle orifices, leading to a decrease in spray volume, coarser atomized particles, or complete failure of some nozzles.

[0004] For the aforementioned clogging issues, existing solutions typically involve adding a filter screen before the water pump or nozzle, or manually removing the nozzle for cleaning after it becomes clogged. While these methods can intercept some large particles, the filter screen itself can become a new source of clogging. When the outer surface of the filter screen is covered with mud and sand, the spray flow rate decreases, and the atomizing nozzles are also prone to further clogging due to localized deposits. Some equipment also incorporates a backflushing structure, but if backflushing occurs before the blockage is loosened, the backflushing water flow can easily compact the mud and sand onto the outside of the filter surface. Furthermore, if the atomizing nozzles are still open or partially open, the backflushing water may short-circuit out of the nozzles, resulting in insufficient water flow that actually penetrates the filter surface, leading to unstable wastewater discharge.

[0005] Furthermore, when installing a movable cleaning component inside the nozzle, it is necessary to simultaneously address the coordination issues between the filtration water path, actuator guidance, actuator sealing, nozzle unblocking, backwash channel opening and closing, and wastewater discharge path. If the movable cleaning component simply has a water inlet, its internal and external pressures can easily connect, making it difficult to generate a reliable axial driving force; if the movable cleaning component completely blocks the downstream water path using a piston mechanism, it may obstruct the normal spray water path or prevent backwash water from entering the inside of the filter element. Therefore, existing construction dust suppression devices not only lack a segmented linkage structure that first mechanically loosens and then directionally backwashes, but also lack an internal nozzle structure that can simultaneously ensure unobstructed filtration water path, reliable pressure-driven movement of the actuator, mechanical unblocking of nozzles, and delayed opening of the backwash channel.

[0006] It is evident that the core deficiency of existing dust suppression devices for construction is not simply the lack of filters or drain outlets, but rather the lack of a segmented self-cleaning structure that can first mechanically clear the blockage in the nozzles, then restrict the main water flow of the spray and directional backflushing discharge when the filter surface and atomizing nozzles are continuously blocked. Therefore, this application proposes a self-cleaning dust suppression device for construction. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to propose a self-cleaning dust suppression device for construction, in order to solve the problems that existing construction dust suppression nozzles are prone to clogging in water environments containing sand, mud, and cement dust, that direct backflushing can easily compact the blockage, that backflushing water can easily leak out from the nozzle through a short circuit, and that it is difficult to balance the movable cleaning component with the filter water path and the opening and closing of the backflushing channel.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a self-cleaning dust suppression device for construction, comprising: a movable base, on which a water tank, a booster pump, and a lifting support are mounted; a spray arm is mounted on the upper part of the lifting support; the water outlet of the water tank is connected to the spray arm via the booster pump; and a nozzle housing is mounted on the water outlet of the spray arm; a filter water supply assembly disposed within the nozzle housing; the filter water supply assembly is used to ensure that water entering the nozzle housing is first filtered through the outer periphery before entering the spray side, thereby preventing water from directly entering the atomizing spray plate without filtering out impurities; and a segmented unblocking assembly. The segmented unblocking component, located inside the water supply and filtration assembly, is used to move axially along the nozzle housing when the water pressure changes due to blockage of the water supply and filtration assembly or the atomizing nozzle plate, and to mechanically unblock the nozzles of the atomizing nozzle plate during the first stroke. The backflushing and draining component, located inside the nozzle housing and connected to the segmented unblocking component, restricts the main spray path to the atomizing nozzle plate when the segmented unblocking component continues to move to the second stroke, and introduces high-pressure water into the inside of the water supply and filtration assembly, allowing the high-pressure water to flow backward through the water supply and filtration assembly from the inside out before being discharged.

[0009] Preferably, the water supply filtration assembly includes a water inlet connector disposed at the rear end of the nozzle housing, a filter cylinder disposed inside the nozzle housing, and an atomizing nozzle plate disposed at the front end of the nozzle housing. An upstream cavity is formed between the outer side of the filter cylinder and the nozzle housing, and a downstream cavity is formed on the inner side of the filter cylinder. The downstream cavity is connected to the atomizing nozzle plate.

[0010] Preferably, the filter cartridge is provided with an end sealing seat at one end near the water inlet connector. The end sealing seat is used to close the end of the filter cartridge near the water inlet connector to prevent the water flowing in from the water inlet connector from directly entering the downstream cavity without being filtered by the filter cartridge. This allows the water to enter the upstream cavity from the water inlet connector and then pass through the filter cartridge from the outer periphery to enter the downstream cavity.

[0011] Preferably, the segmented unblocking assembly includes a piston guide cylinder fixedly disposed in the downstream cavity, a differential pressure actuator slidably disposed in the piston guide cylinder, a plurality of nozzle loosening needles disposed on the side of the differential pressure actuator facing the atomizing nozzle plate, and a reset spring for providing a reset force to the differential pressure actuator. The outer periphery of the differential pressure actuator is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the piston guide cylinder, and the nozzle loosening needles correspond one-to-one with the nozzles on the atomizing nozzle plate.

[0012] Preferably, an annular main water passage area is formed between the outer periphery of the piston guide cylinder and the inner wall of the filter cylinder. The annular main water passage area is used to direct the water flow after passing through the filter cylinder to the atomizing spray plate. The differential pressure actuator does not block the annular main water passage area when it moves axially within the piston guide cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the differential pressure actuator forms a pressure-bearing area on the side facing away from the atomizing nozzle plate, which is connected to the water inlet connector or the upstream cavity. When the filter cartridge or the atomizing nozzle plate becomes blocked and the water pressure in the pressure-bearing area rises to a preset operating pressure, the differential pressure actuator overcomes the restoring force of the return spring and moves toward the atomizing nozzle plate.

[0014] Preferably, one end of the nozzle loosening needle is connected to the differential pressure actuator, and the other end extends axially along the downstream cavity and is positioned toward the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate. When the differential pressure actuator is in the rear position, a gap is maintained between the front end of the nozzle loosening needle and the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate. When the differential pressure actuator moves to the first stroke position, the nozzle loosening needle moves synchronously with the differential pressure actuator and passes through the corresponding nozzle, and the front end of the nozzle loosening needle protrudes outside the atomizing nozzle plate.

[0015] Preferably, a sealing plate is connected to the nozzle loosening needle. The sealing plate moves axially synchronously with the nozzle loosening needle and the differential pressure actuator. A main flow throttling seat is provided inside the nozzle housing between the downstream cavity and the atomizing nozzle plate. When the differential pressure actuator is in the rear position and the first stroke position, a water passage gap is maintained between the sealing plate and the main flow throttling seat. When the differential pressure actuator moves to the second stroke position, the sealing plate moves synchronously with the nozzle loosening needle and fits against or abuts the main flow throttling seat to restrict the main spray water path from the downstream cavity to the atomizing nozzle plate.

[0016] Preferably, the backflushing and sewage discharge assembly includes a telescopic rod, a backflushing channel, a tangential guide port, a connecting rod, and a rotary valve. The upper end of the telescopic rod is connected to the lower side of the differential pressure actuator. The telescopic rod can move synchronously with the differential pressure actuator along the axial direction of the nozzle housing, and the telescopic rod can extend and retract along its own length. The upper end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the telescopic rod, and the lower end of the connecting rod is slidably installed with the rotary valve. The rotary valve is located at the valve port of the backflushing channel and is used to close or open the backflushing channel. One end of the backflushing channel is connected to the high-pressure water inlet area near the water inlet connector or the side of the upstream cavity near the water inlet connector, and the other end is connected to the inner side of the filter cartridge or the downstream cavity through the tangential guide port.

[0017] Preferably, a ramp guide surface is formed in the backflow channel near the telescopic rod; when the differential pressure actuator moves from the rear position to the first stroke position, the telescopic rod and the connecting rod move synchronously with the differential pressure actuator, and the lower end of the connecting rod slides on the rotary valve without opening the rotary valve; when the differential pressure actuator continues to move to the second stroke position, the ramp guide surface pushes the telescopic rod to retract upward, and the lower end of the connecting rod moves to the edge area of ​​the rotary valve, and lifts one side of the rotary valve through the connecting rod, so that the rotary valve opens the backflow channel.

[0018] Preferably, a drain port is provided at the lower part of the nozzle housing, the drain port is connected to the lower area of ​​the upstream cavity, a sludge collection cup is detachably connected below the drain port, a sludge storage and settling chamber is formed inside the sludge collection cup, and a one-way valve is provided at the inlet of the sludge collection cup.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this invention are: This self-cleaning dust suppression device for construction uses a filter water supply assembly and an end seal at the end of the filter cylinder near the water inlet. This prevents water from directly bypassing the filter cylinder and entering the downstream chamber. Instead, the water must first enter the upstream chamber outside the filter cylinder, then pass through the filter cylinder's outer circumference before entering the downstream chamber, thus ensuring effective filtration. Simultaneously, a piston guide cylinder is fixedly installed in the downstream chamber, allowing the differential pressure actuator to slide within it in a sealed manner. An annular main water passage area is maintained between the outer circumference of the piston guide cylinder and the inner wall of the filter cylinder. This prevents the differential pressure actuator from losing its pressure-bearing movement ability due to water passage through the opening, and also prevents the differential pressure actuator from directly blocking the normal spray water path in a piston-like manner. Structurally, this device balances normal spray flow, differential pressure actuator guidance and sealing, and operational stability.

[0020] Based on the aforementioned filtration and reliable pressurized movement, a segmented unblocking component is installed to enable the differential pressure actuator, nozzle loosening needle, sealing plate, and telescopic rod to move synchronously. When the blockage is minor or the nozzle is partially blocked, the differential pressure actuator moves to the first stroke position first. The nozzle loosening needle moves synchronously with the differential pressure actuator and passes through the nozzle holes of the atomizing nozzle plate to mechanically unblock mud, cement dust, or fine sand blockages. At this time, the sealing plate has not yet adhered to the main throttling seat. Although the telescopic rod drives the connecting rod to slide on the rotary valve, the connecting rod has not yet moved to the opening edge area of ​​the rotary valve. The rotary valve still closes the backwash channel, so that the nozzle still maintains the main spray water path, avoiding direct backwashing before the nozzle blockage is loosened, which would compact mud and sand on the filter surface or nozzle.

[0021] After the first stroke of mechanical unblocking is achieved, the differential pressure actuator continues to move to the second stroke position. The sealing plate moves synchronously with the nozzle loosening needle and fits against the main flow throttling seat, thereby restricting the main spray water path from the downstream cavity to the atomizing nozzle plate. At the same time, the telescopic rod continues to move with the differential pressure actuator and retracts upward under the action of the inclined guide surface in the backwash channel. The lower end of the linkage rod moves to the edge area of ​​the rotating valve and lifts one side of the rotating valve, allowing high-pressure water to enter the inner side of the filter cartridge or the downstream cavity from the high-pressure water inlet area near the water inlet connector through the backwash channel and the tangential guide port. The backwash water is not easy to short-circuit out of the atomizing nozzle plate, but rather passes through the filter cartridge in a more concentrated manner from the inside to the outside, removing mud, sand, cement powder and rust adhering to the outside of the filter cartridge or near the pores. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for this invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle housing of the present invention in a normal spraying state; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the differential pressure actuator of the present invention when it is in the first stroke position; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the differential pressure actuator of the present invention when it is in the second stroke position and the backflush channel is open. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the filter cylinder, end sealing seat, piston guide cylinder, differential pressure actuator and reset spring of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the mating structure of the differential pressure actuator, nozzle loosening needle, sealing plate, main flow throttle seat and atomizing nozzle plate of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the nozzle loosening needle and sealing plate structure of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a partial structural diagram of the drain outlet, the collection cup, and the one-way valve of the present invention.

[0024] The diagram is marked as follows: 1. Movable base; 2. Water tank; 3. Booster pump; 4. Lifting bracket; 5. Spray arm; 6. Nozzle housing; 7. Water inlet connector; 8. Filter cartridge; 9. Upstream chamber; 10. Downstream chamber; 11. Atomizing nozzle plate; 12. Differential pressure actuator; 15. Return spring; 22. Nozzle loosening needle; 23. Main throttling seat; 24. Telescopic rod; 25. Backflush channel; 26. Sewage outlet; 27. Tangential guide port; 28. Sludge collection cup; 29. ​​Sludge settling chamber; 30. Check valve; 32. Dustproof guide cover; 33. End sealing seat; 34. Piston guide cylinder; 36. Sealing plate; 37. Linkage rod; 39. Rotary valve. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in this invention should have the ordinary meaning understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terms "first," "second," and similar terms used in this invention do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the element or object preceding the word encompasses the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "linked" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but can include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships; when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a self-cleaning dust suppression device for construction includes a mobile base 1, on which a water tank 2, a booster pump 3, and a lifting support 4 are mounted. A spray arm 5 is mounted on the upper part of the lifting support 4. The water outlet of the water tank 2 is connected to the spray arm 5 via the booster pump 3. A nozzle housing 6 is mounted on the water outlet of the spray arm 5. The nozzle housing 6 contains a water supply and filtration assembly, a flow-through unblocking assembly, and a backflushing and drainage assembly. The water supply and filtration assembly ensures that the water entering the nozzle housing 6 is filtered externally before entering the spray side. The flow-through unblocking assembly moves axially along the nozzle housing 6 when blockage causes water pressure changes and mechanically unblocks the nozzles of the atomizing spray plate 11 during the first stroke. The backflushing and drainage assembly is used during the flow-through unblocking... When the component continues to move to the second stroke, it restricts the main spray water path to the atomizing nozzle plate 11 and introduces high-pressure water into the inside of the filter water supply component, so that the high-pressure water passes through the filter water supply component from the inside to the outside and is discharged. The movable base 1 can be a steel base frame, aluminum alloy base frame or reinforced plastic base frame. The bottom of the movable base 1 can be equipped with casters and brake wheels. The water tank 2 can be a plastic water tank, stainless steel water tank or composite material water tank. The booster pump 3 can be a diaphragm pump, plunger pump or centrifugal booster pump. The lifting bracket 4 can be a sleeve-type lifting rod, screw lifting rod or hydraulic lifting rod. A pitch adjustment structure can be set between the spray arm 5 and the lifting bracket 4 so as to adjust the spray height and spray angle according to the dust area of ​​the construction site.

[0028] like Figure 2As shown, the water supply filtration assembly includes a water inlet connector 7 located at the rear end of the nozzle housing 6, a filter cartridge 8 located inside the nozzle housing 6, and an atomizing nozzle plate 11 located at the front end of the nozzle housing 6. The filter cartridge 8 can be made of stainless steel wire mesh, sintered metal mesh, or wear-resistant engineering plastic microporous cylinder. The filter cartridge 8 is preferably a cylindrical microporous filter element. An upstream cavity 9 is formed between the outer side of the filter cartridge 8 and the nozzle housing 6, and a downstream cavity 10 is formed on the inner side of the filter cartridge 8. The atomizing nozzle plate 11 is provided with multiple nozzles, which can be annular, fan-shaped, or... The filter cartridge 8 is arranged in a matrix shape. An end sealing seat 33 is provided at one end of the filter cartridge 8 near the water inlet connector 7. The end sealing seat 33 seals the end of the filter cartridge 8 near the water inlet connector 7, so that the water flow entering from the water inlet connector 7 cannot bypass directly into the downstream chamber 10 from the end of the filter cartridge 8. During normal spraying, the dust suppression water enters the upstream chamber 9 from the water inlet connector 7, and then passes through the outer periphery of the filter cartridge 8 to enter the downstream chamber 10. After that, it flows through the downstream chamber 10 to the main road throttling seat 23 and the atomizing nozzle plate 11, and is sprayed out by the atomizing nozzle plate 11 to form dust suppression water mist.

[0029] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the multi-stage unblocking assembly includes a piston guide cylinder 34 fixedly disposed within the downstream cavity 10, a differential pressure actuator 12 slidably disposed within the piston guide cylinder 34, a plurality of nozzle loosening needles 22 disposed on the side of the differential pressure actuator 12 facing the atomizing nozzle plate 11, and a reset spring 15 for providing a reset force to the differential pressure actuator 12. The piston guide cylinder 34 is fixed within the downstream cavity 10, and the outer periphery of the differential pressure actuator 12 is slidably sealed to the inner wall of the piston guide cylinder 34, allowing the differential pressure actuator 12 to move axially along the piston guide cylinder 34 in a piston-like manner. An annular main water passage area is formed between the outer periphery and the inner wall of the filter cylinder 8. The annular main water passage area is used to direct the water flow after passing through the filter cylinder 8 to the atomizing nozzle plate 11. The differential pressure actuator 12 does not block the annular main water passage area when it moves axially within the piston guide cylinder 34. The side of the differential pressure actuator 12 facing away from the atomizing nozzle plate 11 forms a pressure-bearing area that communicates with the water inlet connector 7 or the upstream cavity 9. When the filter cylinder 8 or the atomizing nozzle plate 11 is blocked and the water pressure in the pressure-bearing area rises to the preset operating pressure, the differential pressure actuator 12 overcomes the reset force of the reset spring 15 and moves toward the atomizing nozzle plate 11.

[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, one end of the nozzle loosening needle 22 is fixedly connected to the differential pressure actuator 12, and the other end extends axially along the downstream cavity 10 and is set toward the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate 11. The nozzle loosening needle 22 can be made of stainless steel fine needle, wear-resistant alloy needle, or rigid unblocking needle with a rounded end. The outer diameter of the nozzle loosening needle 22 is smaller than the diameter of the corresponding nozzle, so that the nozzle loosening needle 22 can extend into the nozzle without significantly scratching the inner wall of the nozzle. When the differential pressure actuator 12 is in the rear position, a gap is maintained between the front end of the nozzle loosening needle 22 and the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate 11, and a water passage gap is maintained between the sealing plate 36 and the main flow throttle seat 23. The valve 39 is turned to close the backwash channel 25, and the nozzle is in normal spraying state. When the outer surface of the filter cartridge 8 or the atomizing nozzle plate 11 is closed, the nozzle loosening needle 22 is fixedly connected to the differential pressure actuator 12, and the nozzle is set to normal spraying state. When a common blockage occurs in the nozzle, the pressure in the pressurized area increases and pushes the differential pressure actuator 12 to move towards the atomizing nozzle plate 11 to the first stroke position. The nozzle loosening needle 22, the sealing plate 36, and the telescopic rod 24 all move synchronously with the differential pressure actuator 12. The nozzle loosening needle 22 passes through the corresponding nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate 11 and exposes a short needle tip on the outside of the atomizing nozzle plate 11 to loosen the cement dust, mud spots, or fine sand blockage in the nozzle. At this time, the sealing plate 36 has not yet adhered to the main flow throttle seat 23. Although the telescopic rod 24 drives the connecting rod 37 to slide on the rotary valve 39, the connecting rod 37 has not yet moved to the edge area that can lift the rotary valve 39. The rotary valve 39 is still in the position of closing the backwash channel 25, and the normal spray main water channel remains connected.

[0031] like Figures 4 to 8 As shown, the backflushing and sewage discharge assembly includes a telescopic rod 24, a backflushing channel 25, a tangential guide port 27, a connecting rod 37, and a rotary valve 39. The upper end of the telescopic rod 24 is connected to the lower side of the differential pressure actuator 12. The telescopic rod 24 can move synchronously with the differential pressure actuator 12 along the axial direction of the nozzle housing 6, and the telescopic rod 24 can extend and retract along its own length. The upper end of the connecting rod 37 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the telescopic rod 24, and the lower end of the connecting rod 37 is slidably installed with the rotary valve 39. The rotary valve 39 is located at the valve port of the backflushing channel 25 and is used to close or open the backflushing channel 25. One end of the backflushing channel 25 is connected to the high-pressure water inlet area near the water inlet connector 7 or the upstream cavity 9 near the water inlet connector 7. One end is connected to the inner side of the filter cartridge 8 or the downstream cavity 10 through the tangential guide port 27. A ramp guide surface is formed in the backflow channel 25 near the telescopic rod 24. When the differential pressure actuator 12 moves from the rear position to the first stroke position, the telescopic rod 24 and the linkage rod 37 move synchronously with the differential pressure actuator 12. The lower end of the linkage rod 37 slides on the rotary valve 39 without opening the rotary valve 39. When the differential pressure actuator 12 continues to move to the second stroke position, the ramp guide surface pushes the telescopic rod 24 to retract upwards. The lower end of the linkage rod 37 moves to the edge area of ​​the rotary valve 39 and lifts one side of the rotary valve 39 through the linkage rod 37, so that the rotary valve 39 opens the backflow channel 25.

[0032] like Figure 4 As shown, when the blockage is severe or the outer surface of the filter cartridge 8 is blocked, causing the water pressure to continue to rise, the differential pressure actuator 12 continues to move towards the atomizing nozzle plate 11 to the second stroke position. The nozzle loosening needle 22, the sealing plate 36, and the telescopic rod 24 all continue to move synchronously with the differential pressure actuator 12. The length of the nozzle loosening needle 22 exposed on the outside of the atomizing nozzle plate 11 is greater than the length exposed during the first stroke. The sealing plate 36 adheres to or abuts against the main flow throttling seat 23, thus restricting the main spray water path from the downstream cavity 10 to the atomizing nozzle plate 11. At the same time, the telescopic rod 24... Under the action of the inclined guide surface inside the backwash channel 25, it retracts upward and lifts one side of the rotating valve 39 through the linkage rod 37, so that the backwash channel 25 is opened. High-pressure water enters the backwash channel 25 from the high-pressure water inlet area near the water inlet connector 7 or the side of the upstream cavity 9 near the water inlet connector 7, and enters the inner side of the filter cylinder 8 or the downstream cavity 10 through the opened rotating valve 39 and the tangential guide port 27. Then, it passes through the filter cylinder 8 from the inside to the outside in the reverse direction, bringing the mud, sand, cement powder and rust attached to the outside of the filter cylinder 8 or near the pores into the low area of ​​the upstream cavity 9.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, a drain port 26 is provided at the lower part of the nozzle housing 6. The drain port 26 is connected to the low area of ​​the upstream cavity 9. A sludge collection cup 28 is detachably connected below the drain port 26. A sludge storage and settling chamber 29 is formed inside the sludge collection cup 28. A one-way valve 30 is provided at the inlet of the sludge collection cup 28. During backwashing, the backwash water flows from the inside of the filter cylinder 8 to the outside, carrying mud, cement powder and rust into the low area of ​​the upstream cavity 9, and then into the sludge collection cup 28 through the drain port 26. The one-way valve 30 allows sewage to enter the sludge storage and settling chamber 29 through the drain port 26 and restricts the sewage and mud in the sludge storage and settling chamber 29 from flowing back to the upstream cavity 9. The sludge collection cup 28 can be a transparent plastic cup, a metal cup or a cup with an observation window, so that the operator can observe the accumulation of mud and sand and disassemble and clean it.

[0034] In use, the operator adds dust-suppressing water to the water tank 2, pushes the movable base 1 to the location on the construction site where dust suppression is needed, and adjusts the height of the spray arm 5 and the spray angle of the nozzle housing 6 using the lifting bracket 4. After starting the booster pump 3, the water in the water tank 2 enters the nozzle housing 6 through the spray arm 5 and the water inlet connector 7. Because the end of the filter cylinder 8 near the water inlet connector 7 is sealed by the end sealing seat 33, the water flow cannot directly bypass from the end of the filter cylinder 8 into the downstream chamber 10. Instead, it first enters the upstream chamber 9 outside the filter cylinder 8, and then flows from... The filter cartridge 8 passes through the outer periphery and enters the downstream chamber 10. The filtered water flows through the annular main water passage between the outer periphery of the piston guide cylinder 34 and the inner wall of the filter cartridge 8 to the main flow throttle seat 23 and the atomizing nozzle plate 11, and is sprayed out by the atomizing nozzle plate 11 to form dust-suppressing water mist. At this time, the differential pressure actuator 12 is kept in the rear position under the action of the reset spring 15, the nozzle loosening needle 22 has not yet passed through the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate 11, the sealing plate 36 does not restrict the main spray water path, the valve 39 is turned to close the backflow channel 25, and the nozzle is in the normal spray state.

[0035] As usage time increases, mud, sand, cement lumps, or rust fragments gradually adhere to the outer surface of the filter cartridge 8, or the nozzles on the atomizing nozzle plate 11 become partially blocked by cement dust and mud droplets. This causes a relative increase in the inlet pressure within the nozzle housing 6 and a decrease in the spray flow rate. When the pressure in the pressure-bearing area behind the differential pressure actuator 12 exceeds the reset force provided by the reset spring 15, the differential pressure actuator 12 moves along the piston guide cylinder 34 towards the atomizing nozzle plate 11 and first enters the first stroke position. During this stage, the nozzles loosen. The needle 22 moves synchronously with the differential pressure actuator 12 and passes through the corresponding nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate 11, directly loosening the blockage in the nozzle. The sealing plate 36 also moves synchronously and gets closer to the main throttle seat 23, but still does not fit against the main throttle seat 23. The telescopic rod 24 and the linkage rod 37 move synchronously with the differential pressure actuator 12. The lower end of the linkage rod 37 slides on the rotary valve 39 but does not lift the rotary valve 39, thereby mechanically loosening the nozzle blockage in the normal blockage situation before prematurely entering the backflushing state.

[0036] When the blockage is severe or the outer surface of the filter cartridge 8 is blocked, causing the pressure to continue to rise, the differential pressure actuator 12 continues to move towards the atomizing nozzle plate 11 to the second stroke position. The nozzle loosening needle 22 protrudes a longer needle tip on the outside of the atomizing nozzle plate 11. The sealing plate 36 moves synchronously and fits against the main flow throttle seat 23, restricting the main spray water path from the downstream chamber 10 to the atomizing nozzle plate 11. At the same time, the telescopic rod 24 retracts upward under the action of the inclined guide surface in the backwash channel 25, and the lower end of the linkage rod 37 moves to the rotary valve 3. Lift one side of the rotating valve 39 in the edge area of ​​9 to open the backwash channel 25. High-pressure water enters the inner side of the filter cylinder 8 or the downstream cavity 10 through the backwash channel 25 and the tangential guide port 27. Since the main spray water path on the side of the atomizing nozzle plate 11 is restricted by the blocking plate 36, the backwash water flow is not easy to be short-circuited out from the nozzle. Instead, it passes through the filter cylinder 8 from the inside to the outside, carrying mud, sand, cement powder and rust to the low area of ​​the upstream cavity 9, and enters the sludge collection cup 28 through the drain port 26, thus completing the main backwash sludge discharge action.

[0037] After cleaning is completed, as the flow capacity of the filter cartridge 8 and the atomizing nozzle plate 11 is restored, the pressure in the pressure area behind the differential pressure actuator 12 decreases. The reset spring 15 drives the differential pressure actuator 12 to reset to the rear position. The nozzle loosening needle 22, the sealing plate 36, and the telescopic rod 24 are all reset synchronously with the differential pressure actuator 12. The linkage rod 37 drives or allows the valve 39 to reset to the position of closing the backflow channel 25. The sealing plate 36 releases the restriction on the main road throttle seat 23, the nozzle loosening needle 22 exits the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate 11, the main spray water path is restored, and the nozzle housing 6 re-enters the normal spray dust suppression state.

[0038] Therefore, this invention does not rely on separately setting up the filter cylinder 8, the nozzle loosening needle 22, the sealing plate 36, or the backwash channel 25, but rather on making the filter water supply component, the branch unblocking component, and the backwash sewage discharge component form a continuous cooperative relationship. During normal spraying, the water flow can only enter the downstream cavity 10 after being filtered by the outer periphery of the filter cylinder 8. In the case of ordinary blockage, the differential pressure actuator 12 moves forward with a small stroke and drives the nozzle loosening needle 22 to pass through the atomizing nozzle plate 11 for unblocking. In the case of severe blockage, the differential pressure actuator 12 continues to move forward and restricts the main spray water path through the sealing plate 36. At the same time, the backwash channel 25 is opened through the telescopic rod 24, the linkage rod 37, and the rotating valve 39 for backwash sewage discharge. Thus, a complete solution is formed to address the problems of easy blockage, backwash short circuit, and incomplete cleaning of construction spray nozzles in environments containing sand, mud, and cement dust.

[0039] This invention is intended to cover all such substitutions, modifications, and variations that fall within the broad scope of the appended claims. Therefore, any omissions, modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning dust suppression device for building construction, characterized in that, include: A mobile base (1) is provided with a water tank (2), a booster pump (3) and a lifting bracket (4). A spray arm (5) is provided on the upper part of the lifting bracket (4). The water outlet of the water tank (2) is connected to the spray arm (5) through the booster pump (3). The water outlet of the spray arm (5) is provided with a nozzle housing (6). A water supply filter assembly is disposed inside the nozzle housing (6). The water supply filter assembly is used to ensure that the water flowing into the nozzle housing (6) is filtered through the outer periphery before entering the spray side, so as to prevent the water from directly entering the atomizing nozzle plate (11) without filtering out impurities. The water supply filter assembly includes a water inlet connector (7) disposed at the rear end of the nozzle housing (6), a filter cylinder (8) disposed inside the nozzle housing (6), and an atomizing nozzle plate (11) disposed at the front end of the nozzle housing (6). An upstream cavity (9) is formed between the outer side of the filter cylinder (8) and the nozzle housing (6), and a downstream cavity (10) is formed on the inner side of the filter cylinder (8). The downstream cavity (10) is connected to the atomizing nozzle plate (11). The segmented unblocking assembly is located inside the water supply filter assembly. The segmented unblocking assembly is used to move axially along the nozzle housing (6) when the water pressure changes due to blockage of the water supply filter assembly or the atomizing nozzle plate (11), and to mechanically unblock the nozzles of the atomizing nozzle plate (11) in the first stroke. The segmented unblocking assembly includes a piston guide cylinder (34) fixedly installed in the downstream cavity (10), a differential pressure actuator (12) slidably installed in the piston guide cylinder (34), a plurality of nozzle loosening needles (22) installed on the side of the differential pressure actuator (12) facing the atomizing nozzle plate (11), and a reset spring (15) for providing reset force to the differential pressure actuator (12). The outer periphery of the differential pressure actuator (12) is slidably sealed with the inner wall of the piston guide cylinder (34), and the nozzle loosening needles (22) correspond one-to-one with the nozzles on the atomizing nozzle plate (11). The backflush and sewage discharge assembly is disposed inside the nozzle housing (6) and connected to the branch-path unblocking assembly. The backflush and sewage discharge assembly is used to restrict the main spray water path to the atomizing nozzle plate (11) when the branch-path unblocking assembly continues to move to the second stroke, and to introduce high-pressure water into the inner side of the filter water supply assembly, so that the high-pressure water passes through the filter water supply assembly from the inside to the outside and is discharged. A sealing plate (36) is connected to the nozzle loosening needle (22). The sealing plate (36) moves axially synchronously with the nozzle loosening needle (22) and the differential pressure actuator (12). A main flow throttle seat (23) is provided in the nozzle housing (6) between the downstream cavity (10) and the atomizing nozzle plate (11). When the differential pressure actuator (12) is in the rear position and the first stroke position, a water passage gap is maintained between the sealing plate (36) and the main flow throttle seat (23). When the differential pressure actuator (12) moves to the second stroke position, the sealing plate (36) moves synchronously with the nozzle loosening needle (22) and fits or abuts against the main flow throttle seat (23) to restrict the main spray water path from the downstream cavity (10) to the atomizing nozzle plate (11). The backflushing and sewage discharge assembly includes a telescopic rod (24), a backflushing channel (25), a tangential guide port (27), a connecting rod (37), and a rotary valve (39). The upper end of the telescopic rod (24) is connected to the lower side of the differential pressure actuator (12). The telescopic rod (24) can move synchronously with the differential pressure actuator (12) along the axial direction of the nozzle housing (6), and the telescopic rod (24) can extend and retract along its own length. The upper end of the connecting rod (37) rotates with the bottom of the telescopic rod (24). The lower end of the connecting rod (37) is slidably installed with the rotary valve (39); the rotary valve (39) is located at the valve port of the backwash channel (25) for closing or opening the backwash channel (25); one end of the backwash channel (25) is connected to the high-pressure water inlet area near the water inlet connector (7) or the side of the upstream cavity (9) near the water inlet connector (7), and the other end is connected to the inner side of the filter cartridge (8) or the downstream cavity (10) through the tangential guide port (27). A ramp guide surface is formed in the backflow channel (25) near the telescopic rod (24); when the differential pressure actuator (12) moves from the rear position to the first stroke position, the telescopic rod (24) and the connecting rod (37) move synchronously with the differential pressure actuator (12), and the lower end of the connecting rod (37) slides on the rotary valve (39) without opening the rotary valve (39); when the differential pressure actuator (12) continues to move to the second stroke position, the ramp guide surface pushes the telescopic rod (24) to retract upwards, and the connecting rod (37) The lower end moves to the edge area of ​​the rotary valve (39) and lifts one side of the rotary valve (39) through the linkage rod (37) so that the rotary valve (39) opens the backwash channel (25); the lower part of the nozzle housing (6) is provided with a drain port (26), the drain port (26) is connected to the low area of ​​the upstream cavity (9), and a sludge collection cup (28) is detachably connected below the drain port (26). A sludge storage and settling chamber (29) is formed inside the sludge collection cup (28), and a one-way valve (30) is provided at the inlet of the sludge collection cup (28).

2. The self-cleaning dust suppression device for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, An end sealing seat (33) is provided at one end of the filter cylinder (8) near the water inlet connector (7). The end sealing seat (33) is used to close the end of the filter cylinder (8) near the water inlet connector (7) to prevent the water flow entering from the water inlet connector (7) from directly entering the downstream cavity (10) without being filtered by the filter cylinder (8). After the water flow enters the upstream cavity (9) from the water inlet connector (7), it passes through the filter cylinder (8) from the outer periphery of the filter cylinder (8) and enters the downstream cavity (10).

3. The self-cleaning dust suppression device for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, An annular main water passage area is formed between the outer periphery of the piston guide cylinder (34) and the inner wall of the filter cylinder (8). The annular main water passage area is used to direct the water flow after passing through the filter cylinder (8) to the atomizing nozzle plate (11). The differential pressure actuator (12) does not block the annular main water passage area when it moves axially within the piston guide cylinder (34).

4. The self-cleaning dust suppression device for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The differential pressure actuator (12) forms a pressure-bearing area on the side facing away from the atomizing nozzle plate (11) that communicates with the water inlet connector (7) or the upstream cavity (9). When the filter cylinder (8) or the atomizing nozzle plate (11) becomes blocked and the water pressure in the pressure-bearing area rises to a preset operating pressure, the differential pressure actuator (12) moves toward the atomizing nozzle plate (11) against the reset force of the reset spring (15).

5. A self-cleaning dust suppression device for building construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the nozzle loosening needle (22) is connected to the differential pressure actuator (12), and the other end extends along the axial direction of the downstream cavity (10) and is set toward the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate (11). When the differential pressure actuator (12) is in the rear position, the front end of the nozzle loosening needle (22) maintains a gap with the nozzle of the atomizing nozzle plate (11). When the differential pressure actuator (12) moves to the first stroke position, the nozzle loosening needle (22) moves synchronously with the differential pressure actuator (12) and passes through the corresponding nozzle, and the front end of the nozzle loosening needle (22) is exposed on the outside of the atomizing nozzle plate (11).

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