A profiled overflow suppressing glue injection nozzle for ballastless track caulking

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of road construction tools, and particularly relates to a jointing and sealing injection head for ballastless track, which comprises a fixed outer cylinder, a fixed inner cylinder and an elastic inner cylinder coaxially arranged in the fixed outer cylinder, and a V-shaped elastic glue outlet head connected to the lower end of the elastic inner cylinder, wherein the elastic inner cylinder is composed of eight first flaps connected by a first elastic cloth, and the eight flaps are synchronously radially expanded and contracted by a first synchronous mechanism and a second synchronous mechanism to adapt to different changes in joint width; the injection head is also integrated with a gas curtain mechanism for suppressing overflow, and the gas curtain pressure is automatically adjusted with the displacement of the first flaps by a self-adaptive adjusting assembly to match the suppressing overflow intensity and the injection amount; in addition, the inner wall of each first flap is provided with a semiconductor refrigerating fin and a temperature sensor for real-time adjustment of the colloid viscosity. The present application solves the problems of high overflow rate, poor joint width adaptability and great influence of temperature on colloid flow state in traditional injection, and improves the track jointing and sealing quality and the automatic construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of road construction tools, and in particular to a conformal overflow injection nozzle for ballastless track caulking. Background Technology

[0002] CRTSⅢ slab track is a significant innovation in China's high-speed railway track technology, boasting advantages such as high smoothness, high stability, and low maintenance costs. CRTSⅢ track combines precast track slabs with cast-in-place concrete bases. The track slabs are precisely positioned and installed on the concrete bases, forming an integral track structure. Cutting the expansion joints in the CRTSⅢ slab track bed is a crucial step in high-speed railway track construction. Diamond saw blades are typically used for cutting, ensuring that the width, depth, and straightness of the cuts meet design requirements. After cutting, the joint is cleaned and filled with a bonding agent. Finally, adhesive is injected into the expansion joint and the surface is leveled. A ballastless track caulking nozzle is used to inject adhesive into the expansion joints.

[0003] Expansion joints between ballastless track slabs in high-speed railways require the application of specialized sealant for waterproofing, dustproofing, and stress buffering. Traditional sealant application processes often employ manual labor or fixed nozzles. Due to the lack of effective dynamic sealing and sealant constraint mechanisms, sealant easily overflows from the joints during application, contaminating the track slab surface. The average overflow rate exceeds 12%, wasting materials and increasing subsequent cleaning costs. Furthermore, track slab installation, cutting tolerances, and temperature deformation cause the actual width of expansion joints to fluctuate within ±2mm of the standard value. Fixed-size nozzles struggle to adapt to varying joint walls, easily leading to sealant leakage or incomplete filling. Additionally, the sealant viscosity is temperature-sensitive (e.g., viscosity can reach 5000 cP at -10℃, dropping to 200 cP at 50℃), affecting its flowability and filling density. Traditional nozzles lack active temperature control compensation capabilities. Existing technologies, such as the integrated system for injection and leveling of expansion joints in slab track beds disclosed in CN121110456B, introduce a six-axis robotic arm and injection head for injection and set up a leveling mechanism. However, the end nozzle has a single function and it is difficult to dynamically adjust the intensity of the overflow suppression air curtain according to the real-time joint width, resulting in an unstable overflow suppression effect.

[0004] This invention provides a conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive injection nozzle for ballastless track joint filling, addressing the problems of high adhesive overflow rate, poor joint width adaptability, and adhesive temperature sensitivity during existing road construction or repair processes. This nozzle features dynamic conformal adjustment, adaptive overflow suppression based on air curtain intensity, and adhesive temperature control compensation, enabling high-quality, automated adhesive injection under all working conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a conformal overflow suppressing glue nozzle for ballastless track caulking to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] The specific technical solution is as follows: A conformal adhesive injection nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks includes: The outer cylinder is fixed, with an adhesive inlet connector at its top and a circular opening at its lower end. A fixed inner cylinder is coaxially disposed inside the fixed outer cylinder, and a first annular groove and a second annular groove are coaxially disposed at the upper and lower ends of its inner sidewall, respectively. An elastic inner cylinder, coaxially disposed inside the fixed inner cylinder, includes eight arc-shaped first wing pieces and a first elastic cloth connecting adjacent first wing pieces. The upper port of the elastic inner cylinder is connected to the glue inlet joint through a flexible sleeve. The eight first wing pieces together form a cylindrical structure with open upper and lower ends. The V-shaped elastic dispensing head is connected to the lower port of the elastic inner cylinder and includes eight arc-shaped second wing pieces and second elastic cloth connecting adjacent second wing pieces; the eight second wing pieces together form an inverted frustum structure with open top and bottom ends; The radial synchronization mechanism includes a first synchronization mechanism disposed in the first annular groove and a second synchronization mechanism disposed in the second annular groove; the first synchronization mechanism and the second synchronization mechanism are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the eight first blades for driving the eight first blades to move radially synchronously. The guide and reset assembly provides guidance and an outward elastic reset force for the radial movement of the first winglet; The overflow suppression air curtain mechanism includes an annular air cavity formed by the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder and the outer wall of the fixed inner cylinder, and an array of micropores opened on the lower end face of the fixed outer cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes a temperature control module, which is disposed on the inner wall of each of the first vanes, and includes a semiconductor cooling chip and a temperature sensor.

[0008] Furthermore, the cylindrical structure formed by the eight first winglets has an adjustable outer diameter range of ±3mm.

[0009] Further, the first synchronization mechanism includes a first synchronization ring coaxially rotatably disposed within the first annular groove, a first gear set meshing with the inner ring of the first synchronization ring, and a first rack set meshing with the first gear set and arranged radially along the first winglet; each first rack in the first rack set is correspondingly disposed on the outer upper end of each of the first winglets; the second synchronization mechanism includes a second synchronization ring coaxially rotatably disposed within the second annular groove, a second gear set meshing with the inner ring of the second synchronization ring, and a second rack set meshing with the second gear set and arranged radially along the first winglet; each second rack in the second rack set is correspondingly disposed on the outer lower end of each of the first winglets.

[0010] Furthermore, the first gear set includes eight vertically rotatable first transmission shafts, each first transmission shaft having a first gear meshing with the inner ring of the first synchronization ring at its upper end, and a second gear meshing with the corresponding first rack at its lower end; the second gear set includes eight vertically rotatable second transmission shafts, each second transmission shaft having a third gear meshing with the inner ring of the second synchronization ring at its upper end, and a fourth gear meshing with the corresponding second rack at its lower end.

[0011] Furthermore, the guide reset assembly includes a guide groove and a reset groove disposed on the inner side wall of the fixed inner cylinder, a guide rod disposed on the outer side of the first wing and slidably engaged with the guide groove, and a reset spring disposed in the reset groove and whose two ends are respectively connected to the bottom of the reset groove and the outer side of the first wing.

[0012] Furthermore, both the guide groove and the reset groove are cylindrical, and the axial direction of both the guide groove and the reset groove is arranged radially along the fixed inner cylinder; at least four guide rods are provided on each of the first winglets, and a plurality of the guide rods are distributed in a rectangular array on the outer side of the first winglet.

[0013] Furthermore, the micropore array includes a plurality of micropores arranged sequentially at equal intervals around the axial direction of the annular air cavity, each micropore having an inclination angle of 10-20 degrees relative to the vertical direction, and the inclination angle pointing downwards from the central axis of the fixed inner cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, each of the first winglets is provided with at least one first mounting opening penetrating the inner and outer sides, and a plurality of the first mounting openings are arranged sequentially at equal intervals along the axial direction of the first winglet. Each of the first winglets is provided with a second mounting opening penetrating the inner and outer sides at its lower end. The semiconductor cooling chip is disposed inside each of the first mounting openings, and the temperature sensor is disposed inside the second mounting opening. A thermally conductive silicone grease layer is provided near the inner end of the first winglet of both the first mounting opening and the second mounting opening.

[0015] Furthermore, the temperature control module is configured to: when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the colloid is lower than a first threshold, control the end face of the semiconductor cooling chip near the thermally conductive silicone grease layer to heat up; when the temperature of the colloid is detected to be higher than a second threshold, control the end face of the semiconductor cooling chip near the thermally conductive silicone grease layer to cool down.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes a quick-release flange located on the outside of the fixed outer cylinder for connection to the end of the six-axis robotic arm.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The present invention provides a ballastless track caulking conformal overflow suppression glue nozzle, which can adapt to the changing requirements of the joint wall by setting an elastic inner cylinder that can adaptively and synchronously expand and contract radially and a V-shaped elastic glue outlet, thereby reducing the possibility of glue leakage and incomplete filling; by setting an overflow suppression air curtain mechanism, the annular inclined air curtain formed by the micro-pore array can generate centripetal force to constrain the flow direction of the glue, thereby reducing the overflow rate; by setting a temperature control module, the temperature of the glue passing through the elastic inner cylinder can be adjusted, thereby maintaining the viscosity of the glue within the ideal range and improving its fluidity and filling density.

[0018] (2) The present invention provides a ballastless track caulking conformal overflow suppressing glue nozzle. By adopting a first synchronous mechanism and a second synchronous mechanism with upper and lower double layers, the eight first blades can always move synchronously radially when moving in expansion joints of different widths. By setting a guide reset component, the first blades are provided with radial guidance and a certain pre-tightening force, so that the nozzle can quickly respond to different joint width changes, adapt to track plate installation tolerances and dynamic deformation, and ensure that the glue injection path matches the joint shape in real time.

[0019] (3) The present invention provides a ballastless track caulking conformal overflow suppression and glue injection nozzle. By setting an adaptive adjustment component in the overflow suppression air curtain mechanism, the air pressure in the fan-shaped cavity can be correlated with the displacement of the first vane and the change of the gap width in real time. When the gap width increases, the adaptive adjustment component moves radially with the first vane to increase the ventilation area and reduce the volume of the secondary air chamber, thereby increasing the air curtain pressure to constrain more glue. When the gap width decreases, the pressure is automatically reduced. This process does not require external sensors and controllers, and achieves the optimal matching between the air curtain overflow suppression intensity and the glue injection amount. While ensuring the overflow suppression effect, it also reduces the consumption of compressed air. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first synchronization mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is the present invention. Figure 2 A magnified view of part A.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the first rack structure distribution of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the guide reset component of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a top view schematic diagram of the V-shaped elastic dispensing head structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the second synchronization mechanism of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is the present invention. Figure 7 A magnified view of part B.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the sector-shaped cavity structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is the present invention. Figure 9 A magnified view of part C.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Fixed outer cylinder; 2. Fixed inner cylinder; 21. First annular groove; 22. Second annular groove; 3. Elastic inner cylinder; 31. First wing; 32. First elastic cloth; 4. V-shaped elastic glue outlet; 41. Second wing; 42. Second elastic cloth; 43. Glue outlet; 6. First synchronization mechanism; 61. First synchronization ring; 62. First drive shaft; 63. First gear; 64. Second gear; 65. First rack; 7. Second synchronization mechanism; 71. Second synchronization ring; 72. Second drive shaft; 73. Third gear; 74. Fourth gear; 75. Second rack; 8. Guide reset assembly; 81. Guide groove; 82. Reset groove 83. Groove; 84. Guide rod; 95. Return spring; 96. Annular air chamber; 97. Micropore array; 98. Main air chamber; 99. Secondary air chamber; 100. Annular partition; 101. First vent hole; 102. Second partition; 103. Sector-shaped cavity; 104. First piston; 105. Annular movable plate; 106. Second vent hole; 107. Drive gear; 108. Radial slide cavity; 109. Double threaded screw; 100. First ball nut block; 101. Second ball nut block; 102. Transmission rod; 113. Semiconductor cooling chip; 114. Temperature sensor; 12. Glue inlet connector; 13. Flexible sleeve; 14. Sliding bushing; 15. Quick-release flange. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0032] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other. This application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Example 1 This invention discloses a conformal overflow-prevention glue-dispensing nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks, with reference to... Figure 1 ,include: The outer cylinder 1 is fixed, and its top is provided with a glue inlet connector 12, and its lower end face is provided with a circular opening; The inner cylinder 2 is coaxially disposed inside the outer cylinder 1, and the upper and lower ends of its inner sidewall are respectively provided with a first annular groove 21 and a second annular groove 22. The elastic inner cylinder 3 is coaxially disposed inside the fixed inner cylinder 2, and includes eight arc-shaped first wing pieces 31 and a first elastic cloth 32 connecting adjacent first wing pieces 31. The upper port of the elastic inner cylinder 3 is connected to the glue inlet joint 12 through a flexible sleeve 13. The eight first wing pieces 31 together form a cylindrical structure with open upper and lower ends. The V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4 is connected to the lower port of the elastic inner cylinder 3, for reference. Figure 6 It includes eight arc-shaped second winglets 41 and a second elastic cloth 42 connecting adjacent second winglets 41; the eight second winglets 41 together form an inverted frustum structure with openings at both the top and bottom; The radial synchronization mechanism includes a first synchronization mechanism 6 disposed in the first annular groove 21 and a second synchronization mechanism 7 disposed in the second annular groove 22; the first synchronization mechanism 6 and the second synchronization mechanism 7 are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the eight first blades 31 for driving the eight first blades 31 to move radially synchronously. The guide reset assembly 8 provides guidance and outward elastic reset force for the radial movement of the first wing 31; The overflow suppression air curtain mechanism includes an annular air cavity 91 formed by the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder 1 and the outer wall of the fixed inner cylinder 2, and a micro-hole array 92 opened on the lower end face of the fixed outer cylinder 1.

[0034] The fixed outer cylinder 1 serves as the base support and mounting housing for the nozzle. A rigid glue inlet connector 12 is coaxially mounted on its upper surface for connecting to an external glue supply line. A quick-release flange 16 is also provided on the outer side of the fixed outer cylinder 1 for connection to the end of a six-axis robotic arm. A circular opening is coaxially mounted with the fixed outer cylinder 1, and its diameter is the same as the inner diameter of the fixed inner cylinder 2. The lower end of the elastic inner cylinder 3 extends downwards through the circular opening, and the diameter of the circular opening does not impede the maximum extension state of the elastic inner cylinder 3. The upper and lower ends of the fixed inner cylinder 2 are respectively sealed to the inner sides of the upper and lower end faces of the fixed outer cylinder 1. The cylindrical structure formed by the eight first vanes 31 has an adjustable outer diameter range of ±3mm. The first elastic cloth 32 ensures the sealing of the elastic inner cylinder 3 during radial deformation; the second elastic cloth 42 ensures the sealing of the V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4 during radial deformation; the first elastic cloth 32 and the second elastic cloth 42 are made of fluorosilicone rubber; the upper end of the second wing 41 is laser-welded to the lower end of the corresponding first wing 31, and the upper end of each second elastic cloth 42 is integrally set with the lower end of the corresponding first elastic cloth 32, ensuring that the adhesive enters from the upper port of the elastic inner cylinder 3 and flows out from the dispensing port 43 at the lower end of the V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4. The V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4 is the terminal component that directly contacts the rail seam wall. By squeezing the V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4 by the seam wall, at least two second wing 41 can move radially inward, and the movement of the second wing 41 can drive at least two corresponding first wing 31 to move radially inward. The radial movement of the two first wing 31 inward can be synchronized with the remaining first wing 31 by the action of the first synchronization mechanism 6 and the second synchronization mechanism 7.

[0035] Furthermore, as one implementation method, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5The system also includes a temperature control module for real-time monitoring and adjustment of the colloid temperature to maintain its viscosity within an ideal working range. This module is located on the inner wall of each of the first vanes 31 and includes a thermoelectric cooler 111 and a temperature sensor 112. Each first vane 31 has at least one first mounting opening penetrating its inner and outer sides. Several first mounting openings are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the first vane 31. Each first vane 31 has a second mounting opening penetrating its inner and outer sides at its lower end. The thermoelectric cooler 111 is located inside each first mounting opening, and the temperature sensor 112 is located inside the second mounting opening. Both the first and second mounting openings near the inner end of the first vane 31 are provided with a thermally conductive silicone grease layer. The temperature control module is configured to: when the temperature sensor 112 detects that the colloid temperature is below a first threshold, control the thermoelectric cooler 111 to heat the end face of the thermoelectric cooler 111 near the thermally conductive silicone grease layer; when the detected colloid temperature is above a second threshold, control the thermoelectric cooler 111 to cool the end face of the thermoelectric cooler 111 near the thermally conductive silicone grease layer. The first threshold is 15 degrees, and the second threshold is 30 degrees; maintain the colloidal viscosity within the ideal range of 800-1200 cP.

[0036] Furthermore, as a specific implementation method, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The first synchronization mechanism 6 includes a first synchronization ring 61 coaxially rotatably disposed within the first annular groove 21, a first gear set meshing with the inner ring of the first synchronization ring 61, and a first rack set meshing with the first gear set and radially disposed along the first winglet 31; each first rack 65 in the first rack set is correspondingly disposed at the upper outer side of each of the first winglets 31. The second synchronization mechanism 7 includes a second synchronization ring 71 coaxially rotatably disposed within the second annular groove 22, a second gear set meshing with the inner ring of the second synchronization ring 71, and a second rack set meshing with the second gear set and radially disposed along the first winglet 31; each second rack 75 in the second rack set is correspondingly disposed at the lower outer side of each of the first winglets 31. The first synchronization ring 61 is coaxially disposed with the first annular groove 21, the outer ring of the first synchronization ring 61 is connected to the first annular groove 21 through a first bearing, and its inner ring is provided with an internal gear ring; the first gear set is located inside the first annular groove 21. The outer ring of the second synchronizing ring 71 is coaxially connected to the second annular groove 22 via a second bearing, and its inner ring is provided with an internal gear ring; the second gear set is located inside the second annular groove 22. The first gear set includes eight vertically rotatable first drive shafts 62, each first drive shaft 62 having a first gear 63 meshing with the inner ring of the first synchronizing ring 61 at its upper end, and a second gear 64 meshing with the corresponding first rack 65 at its lower end; the second gear set includes eight vertically rotatable second drive shafts 72, each second drive shaft 72 having a third gear 73 meshing with the inner ring of the second synchronizing ring 71 at its upper end, and a fourth gear 74 meshing with the corresponding second rack 75 at its lower end. The upper and lower ends of the first drive shaft 62 are respectively connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the first annular groove 21 via third bearings; the upper and lower ends of the second drive shaft 72 are respectively connected to the upper and lower inner walls of the second annular groove 22 via fourth bearings. The second gear 64 and the first rack 65 are located below the first synchronizing ring 61, without hindering the radial movement of the first rack 65; the fourth gear 74 and the second rack 75 are located below the second synchronizing ring 71, without hindering the radial movement of the second rack 75.By moving the two first blades 31 radially inward, the corresponding first racks 65 and second racks 75 can be driven to move radially inward as well, thereby driving the corresponding second gears 64 and fourth gears 74 to rotate, which in turn drives the first drive shaft 62 and second drive shaft 72 to rotate, which in turn drives the first gear 63 and third gear 73 to rotate, which in turn drives the first synchronization ring 61 and second synchronization ring 71 to rotate synchronously, which in turn drives the remaining first gear 63 and third gear 73 to rotate, which in turn drives the remaining first drive shaft 62, second drive shaft 72, second gear 64, and fourth gear 74 to rotate, which in turn drives the remaining first racks 65, second racks 75, and first blades 31 to move radially inward, thereby achieving synchronous movement of the eight first blades 31 and the eight second blades 41.

[0037] Furthermore, as a specific implementation method, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The guide and reset assembly 8 includes a guide groove 81 and a reset groove 82 disposed on the inner wall of the fixed inner cylinder 2, a guide rod 83 disposed on the outer side of the first wing 31 and slidably engaged with the guide groove 81, and a reset spring 84 disposed in the reset groove 82 and connected at both ends to the bottom of the reset groove 82 and the outer side of the first wing 31, respectively. Both the guide groove 81 and the reset groove 82 are cylindrical, and their axial directions are both radially arranged along the fixed inner cylinder 2. At least four guide rods 83 are disposed on each first wing 31, and the guide rods 83 are arranged in a rectangular array on the outer surface of the first wing 31. In the initial state, i.e., when the elastic inner cylinder 3 is in its maximum extended state, the outer surfaces of the eight first wing 31 are in contact with the inner wall of the fixed inner cylinder 2, and each reset spring 84 exerts a small outward pulling force on its corresponding first wing 31. When the first wing 31 moves radially inward, each reset spring 84 is further stretched.

[0038] Furthermore, as a specific implementation method, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 7The micropore array 92 includes a plurality of micropores arranged sequentially at equal intervals around the annular air cavity 91 along its axial direction. Each micropore is inclined at an angle of 10-20 degrees relative to the vertical direction, preferably 15 degrees, and the inclination direction points downwards (i.e., inwards and downwards) towards the central axis of the fixed inner cylinder 2. The diameter of each micropore is 0.3 mm. At least one air inlet connector communicating with the annular air cavity 91 is provided at the upper end of the outer side of the fixed outer cylinder 1 for connecting to an external air supply pipeline. The micropore array 92 is used to form an annular overflow-suppressing inclined air curtain from the compressed air in the annular air cavity 91. After compressed air (0.1-0.3MPa) is ejected from the micropores, the inclined air curtain in the unfilled area of ​​the colloid forms a wall-adhering flow on the surface of the seam wall. This compressed air drives the air in front to flow forward, forming a local low-pressure zone in the area where the colloid will be injected. This low-pressure zone can pull the flowing colloid forward and towards the center, optimizing the filling effect and preventing colloid accumulation. The inclined air curtain in the filled area (the upper surface of the colloid) can impact the upper surface of the colloid (at this time the colloid is cured or semi-cured), generating shear force and dynamic pressure, suppressing the upward trend of the colloid, smoothing the colloid surface, and preventing the formation of protrusions. The inclined air curtain at the side boundary of the colloid (the injection area) forms an air cushion effect and shear flow between the seam wall and the side of the colloid, reducing the adhesion between the colloid and the seam wall and guiding the colloid to gather towards the center. The annular anti-overflow tilting air curtain achieves three synergistic effects: First, in the unfilled area in front, it creates a low-pressure traction zone to optimize the colloid filling process; second, on the upper surface of the colloid, it provides direct dynamic pressure and shear force to suppress upward flow; and third, on the side of the colloid, it forms an air cushion to reduce adhesion and promote the colloid to gather towards the center.

[0039] Working principle: First, install the nozzle onto the end of the six-axis robotic arm via the quick-release flange 16; Initially, the nozzle does not contact the expansion joint. Under the action of the return spring 84, the eight first vanes 31 and the V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4 are at their maximum outer diameter position. Conformal adjustment: When the lower part of the V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4 is placed in the expansion joint, the joint wall will squeeze the second wing 41 of the V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4, thereby causing the first wing 31 to contract and the return spring 84 to be further stretched; subsequently, as the joint width changes, the tension of the return spring 84 can keep the V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4 in close contact with the joint wall. Overflow suppression air curtain: 0.2MPa compressed air enters the annular air chamber 91 and forms a 15° inclined air curtain through the micropore array 92. The air curtain generates centripetal force to constrain the flow direction of the colloid. Temperature control compensation: Temperature sensor 112 monitors the adhesive temperature in real time. When the temperature is less than 15℃, the thermoelectric cooler 111 heats up, and when the temperature is greater than 30℃, the thermoelectric cooler 111 cools down. Collaborative operation: Driven by a robotic arm, the nozzle moves at a constant speed along the expansion joint. The adaptive sealing, intelligent temperature control and annular overflow suppression air curtain work together to ensure that the colloid is accurately injected and constrained in the groove under the optimal flow state, reducing overflow.

[0040] Example 2 This invention discloses a conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks, based on Example 1 and with reference to... Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The annular air chamber 91 is divided into a main air chamber 93 at the upper end and a secondary air chamber 94 at the lower end by an annular partition 95. The annular partition 95 is provided with a plurality of first ventilation holes 96. The secondary air chamber 94 is evenly divided into eight independent fan-shaped chambers 98 by a second partition 97. Each fan-shaped chamber 98 is provided with a radially movable first piston 99. The overflow suppression air curtain mechanism also includes an adaptive adjustment component, which synchronously adjusts the ventilation resistance between the main air chamber 93 and the secondary air chamber 94 and the volume of each fan-shaped chamber 98 by the radial movement of the first wing 31, so that the air pressure in the secondary air chamber 94 is correlated with the change in slit width. When the slit width decreases, the first wing 31 moves radially inward, increasing the ventilation resistance between the main air chamber 93 and the secondary air chamber 94, increasing the volume of each sector 98, and resulting in a relatively lower air pressure ejected by the micro-orifice array 92. When the slit width increases, the first wing 31 moves radially outward, decreasing the ventilation resistance between the main air chamber 93 and the secondary air chamber 94, decreasing the volume of each sector 98, and resulting in a relatively higher air pressure ejected by the micro-orifice array 92.

[0041] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 The adaptive adjustment component includes: The ventilation area adjustment unit includes an annular movable plate 101 coaxially rotatably disposed on the upper end face of the annular partition 95, the annular movable plate 101 being provided with a plurality of second ventilation holes 102; the inner ring of the annular movable plate 101 is provided with an internal gear ring, and at least one second transmission shaft 72 is coaxially provided with a drive gear 103 meshing with its internal gear ring. The volume adjustment unit includes eight radial sliding cavities 104 disposed within the fixed inner cylinder 2, and a double-threaded screw 105 rotatably disposed within each of the radial sliding cavities 104; the first threaded section of the double-threaded screw 105 is connected to the first piston 99 via a first ball nut block 106, and the second threaded section is connected to the corresponding second rack 75 via a second ball nut block 107 and a transmission rod 108.

[0042] Initially, the eight first vanes 31 are in their maximum extended position. At this time, the total area connecting the second vent 102 and the first vent 96 of the annular movable plate 101 is at its maximum, and each first piston 99 is in the position that minimizes the volume of the corresponding sector cavity 98. When the slit width decreases, the eight first vanes 31 move radially inward, thereby driving the second drive shaft 72 to rotate and the second rack 75 to move inward. The rotation of the second drive shaft 72 will drive the drive gear 103 to rotate, thereby causing the annular movable plate 101 to rotate, so that the second vent 102... As the total area connected to the first vent 96 decreases, the second rack 75 moves inward, which in turn drives the second ball nut block 107 to move inward with a smaller stroke via the transmission rod 108. This causes the double threaded screw 105 to rotate, which in turn causes the first ball nut block 106 to move inward with a larger stroke. This in turn drives the first piston 99 to move inward, which in turn increases the effective volume of the sector cavity 98. As a result, the ventilation resistance between the main air cavity 93 and the auxiliary air cavity 94 increases, the volume of each sector cavity 98 increases, and the air pressure ejected by the micro-hole array 92 is relatively low. When the slit width increases, the eight first vanes 31 move radially outward, thereby driving the second drive shaft 72 to rotate unidirectionally and the second rack 75 to move outward. The reverse rotation of the second drive shaft 72 will drive the drive gear 103 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby causing the annular movable plate 101 to rotate in the opposite direction, which increases the total area of ​​communication between the second vent 102 and the first vent 96. The outward movement of the second rack 75 can drive the second ball nut block 107 to move outward with a small stroke through the drive rod 108, thereby causing the double threaded screw 105 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby causing the first ball nut block 106 to move outward with a large stroke, thereby driving the first piston 99 to move outward, thereby reducing the effective volume of the sector cavity 98. The ventilation resistance between the main air cavity 93 and the auxiliary air cavity 94 decreases, the volume of each sector cavity 98 decreases, and the air pressure ejected by the micro-hole array 92 is relatively large.

[0043] The number and area of ​​the first vent 96 and the second vent 102 are the same and they are coaxially arranged in a one-to-one correspondence (in the initial state), and they are all evenly distributed in a circular array.

[0044] The radial sliding cavity 104 is located below the second annular groove 22, and a rectangular opening for the transmission rod 108 to pass through is provided between the upper end of the radial sliding cavity 104 and the lower end of the second annular groove 22. The length direction of the rectangular opening is along the length direction of the second rack 75.

[0045] refer to Figure 10 The first threaded segment and the second threaded segment have the same direction of rotation, but the pitch of the first threaded segment is greater than that of the second threaded segment, so that the small radial displacement of the second rack 75 can drive the first piston 99 to move in a large radial displacement in the same direction.

[0046] refer to Figure 9 Each of the sector-shaped cavities 98 is further provided with a sliding bushing 15 at one end near the fixed inner cylinder 2. The inner ring of the sliding bushing 15 is provided with a rectangular sliding cavity for sealing and sliding the first piston 99.

[0047] Work process: Initially, the nozzle does not contact the track gap. Under the action of the return spring 84, the eight first vanes 31 and the V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4 are in the maximum extension position. The annular movable plate 101 makes the first vent hole 96 fully open, and the first piston 99 is in the position that minimizes the effective volume of the fan-shaped cavity 98. When the nozzle injects into the seam: The actual width of the track gap is smaller than the initial outer diameter of the nozzle. The gap wall squeezes the second vane 41 of the V-shaped elastic dispensing head 4. This squeezing force overcomes the tension of the return spring 84 and pushes the eight first vanes 31 to contract inward synchronously. During this process: the first rack 65 and the second rack 75 move inward, thereby driving the first synchronization ring 61 and the second synchronization ring 71 to rotate, ensuring that all first vanes 31 and second vanes 41 are synchronized; the inward movement of the second rack 75, on the one hand, drives the annular movable plate 101 to rotate through the fourth gear 74, the second transmission shaft 72 and the drive gear 103, reducing the overlapping area of ​​the first vent 96 and the second vent 102, and increasing the airflow resistance; the inward movement of the second rack 75, at the same time, pushes the first piston 99 to move inward through the double threaded screw 105, increasing the effective volume of the fan-shaped cavity 98; under the dual action, the air pressure in the fan-shaped cavity 98 decreases, and the force of the air curtain sprayed from the micro-hole weakens, which just matches the small amount of colloid in the narrow gap and the small risk of overflow; While the nozzle follows the six-axis robotic arm to apply glue at a constant speed (the slit width may change from small to large, or from large to small): The second wing 41 always expands outward under the tension of the return spring 84 to maintain a close fit; when the gap width changes from large to small, its working process is the same as above; when the gap width changes from small to large, its working process is the opposite of above. Under the dual action, the air pressure in the fan-shaped cavity 98 increases, and a stronger air curtain is ejected to constrain more colloid in the wide gap.

[0048] Throughout the dispensing process, the temperature sensor 112 provides real-time feedback. If the adhesive temperature is below 15°C, the semiconductor cooling chip 111 activates the heating mode; if it is above 30°C, the cooling mode is activated to stabilize the adhesive viscosity within the optimal range of 800-1200 cP.

[0049] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0050] The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of implementation methods of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks, characterized in that, include: The outer cylinder is fixed, with an adhesive inlet connector at the top and a circular opening at the bottom. A fixed inner cylinder is coaxially disposed inside the fixed outer cylinder, and a first annular groove and a second annular groove are coaxially disposed at the upper and lower ends of its inner sidewall, respectively. An elastic inner cylinder, coaxially disposed inside the fixed inner cylinder, includes eight arc-shaped first wing pieces and a first elastic cloth connecting adjacent first wing pieces. The upper port of the elastic inner cylinder is connected to the glue inlet joint through a flexible sleeve. The eight first wing pieces together form a cylindrical structure with open upper and lower ends. The V-shaped elastic dispensing head is connected to the lower port of the elastic inner cylinder and includes eight arc-shaped second wing pieces and second elastic cloth connecting adjacent second wing pieces; the eight second wing pieces together form an inverted frustum structure with open top and bottom ends; The radial synchronization mechanism includes a first synchronization mechanism disposed in the first annular groove and a second synchronization mechanism disposed in the second annular groove; the first synchronization mechanism and the second synchronization mechanism are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the eight first blades for driving the eight first blades to move radially synchronously. The guide and reset assembly provides guidance and an outward elastic reset force for the radial movement of the first winglet; The overflow suppression air curtain mechanism includes an annular air cavity formed by the inner wall of the fixed outer cylinder and the outer wall of the fixed inner cylinder, and an array of micropores opened on the lower end face of the fixed outer cylinder; The upper end of the second wing is laser-welded to the lower end of the corresponding first wing; The annular air chamber is divided into a main air chamber at the upper end and a secondary air chamber at the lower end by an annular baffle. The annular baffle is provided with a plurality of first vent holes. The secondary air chamber is evenly divided into eight independent fan-shaped chambers by a second baffle. Each fan-shaped chamber is provided with a first piston that can move radially. The overflow suppression air curtain mechanism also includes an adaptive adjustment component, which synchronously adjusts the ventilation resistance between the main air chamber and the secondary air chamber and the volume of each fan-shaped chamber by the radial movement of the first wing, thereby correlating the air pressure in the secondary air chamber with the change of the slit width.

2. The conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature control module, which is disposed on the inner wall of each of the first vanes, and includes a semiconductor cooling chip and a temperature sensor.

3. The conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first synchronization mechanism includes a first synchronization ring coaxially rotatably disposed within the first annular groove, a first gear set meshing with the inner ring of the first synchronization ring, and a first rack set meshing with the first gear set and arranged radially along the first winglet; each first rack in the first rack set is correspondingly disposed on the upper outer side of each of the first winglets; the second synchronization mechanism includes a second synchronization ring coaxially rotatably disposed within the second annular groove, a second gear set meshing with the inner ring of the second synchronization ring, and a second rack set meshing with the second gear set and arranged radially along the first winglet; each second rack in the second rack set is correspondingly disposed on the lower outer side of each of the first winglets.

4. The conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first gear set includes eight vertically rotatable first drive shafts, each first drive shaft having a first gear at its upper end that meshes with the inner ring of the first synchronization ring, and a second gear at its lower end that meshes with the corresponding first rack; the second gear set includes eight vertically rotatable second drive shafts, each second drive shaft having a third gear at its upper end that meshes with the inner ring of the second synchronization ring, and a fourth gear at its lower end that meshes with the corresponding second rack.

5. The conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide reset assembly includes a guide groove and a reset groove disposed on the inner side wall of the fixed inner cylinder, a guide rod disposed on the outer side of the first wing and slidably engaged with the guide groove, and a reset spring disposed in the reset groove and connected at both ends to the bottom of the reset groove and the outer side of the first wing, respectively.

6. The conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the guide groove and the reset groove are cylindrical, and the axial direction of both the guide groove and the reset groove is arranged radially along the fixed inner cylinder; at least four guide rods are provided on each of the first winglets, and a plurality of the guide rods are distributed in a rectangular array on the outer side of the first winglet.

7. The conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The micropore array includes multiple micropores arranged sequentially at equal intervals around the axial direction of the annular air cavity. Each micropore is inclined at an angle of 10-20 degrees relative to the vertical direction, and the inclination direction points downwards from the central axis of the fixed inner cylinder.

8. The conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the first winglets has at least one first mounting opening that penetrates the inner and outer sides. A plurality of the first mounting openings are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the first winglet. Each of the first winglets has a second mounting opening that penetrates the inner and outer sides at its lower end. The semiconductor cooling chip is disposed inside each of the first mounting openings. The temperature sensor is disposed inside the second mounting opening. A thermally conductive silicone grease layer is disposed on both the first and second mounting openings near the inner end of the first winglet.

9. The conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks according to claim 8, characterized in that, The temperature control module is configured to: when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature of the colloid is lower than a first threshold, control the semiconductor cooling chip to heat one end face of the thermally conductive silicone grease layer; when the temperature of the colloid is detected to be higher than a second threshold, control the semiconductor cooling chip to cool one end face of the thermally conductive silicone grease layer.

10. The conformal overflow-suppressing adhesive spray nozzle for caulking ballastless tracks according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a quick-release flange located on the outside of the fixed outer cylinder for connection to the end of the six-axis robotic arm.

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