Blade five-axis machining center

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of machine tools, and provides a vane five-axis machining center, which comprises a bed body, a main shaft box connected to the bed body, Y-axis movement modules, Z-axis movement modules and B-axis movement modules arranged between the bed body and the main shaft box, a workbench arranged on the bed body, X-axis movement modules arranged between the bed body and the workbench, a clamping mechanism arranged on the workbench, A-axis movement modules arranged between the clamping mechanism and the workbench, the A-axis movement modules comprising a first A-axis rotary table, an intermediate rotary frame and a second A-axis rotary table which are arranged at intervals on the X-axis and are configured to move close to or away from each other, and the clamping mechanism comprising a main clamping unit connected to the first A-axis rotary table and the second A-axis rotary table respectively and an auxiliary clamping unit connected to the intermediate rotary frame. In this way, the clamping rigidity and the uniformity of support can be improved, the machining vibration and the structural deformation can be inhibited, and the machining precision of the large vane can be further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machine tool technology, and in particular to a five-axis machining center for blades. Background Technology

[0002] As a core power component of high-end power equipment such as thermal power, nuclear power, and gas turbines, the operating efficiency, reliability, and service life of steam turbines depend on the processing quality of their blades. With the evolution of new-generation power systems towards higher thrust-to-weight ratios and higher thermal efficiency, blade design is increasingly trending towards large dimensions, thinner walls, and free-form surfaces with high twist. This is especially true for large final-stage blades with a machining specification of 2000mm or more, which must simultaneously meet requirements for aerodynamic performance, structural strength, and precise dimensional tolerances. This has become a key indicator of the manufacturing level of high-end energy equipment.

[0003] Currently, the machining of complex curved surfaces of steam turbine blades mainly relies on CNC milling technology. Among these, five-axis linkage machining, due to its multi-directional motion coordination capability, has become the mainstream technical approach for handling free-form surfaces and reducing interference. Existing related machining equipment mainly includes gantry-type five-axis machining centers and horizontal five-axis milling machines. Some equipment attempts to meet the high-precision machining requirements of small and medium-sized blades by configuring linkage mechanisms between linear and rotary axes. A few machining equipment for large parts adapts to the machining coverage of ultra-large workpieces by increasing the machine tool stroke. In terms of clamping methods, single-end clamping or double-end clamping structures are commonly used.

[0004] However, when machining large-sized, complex curved blades with diameters exceeding 2000mm, the relevant technologies still suffer from the following intractable technical defects: Existing clamping schemes are mostly single-point clamping or two-end support, which cannot provide full-stroke, uniform support for blades longer than 2000mm. This results in insufficient machining rigidity, requiring multiple clamping and segmented machining to complete complex curved surfaces. Not only is it difficult to achieve high-precision forming in one go, but the cumulative clamping errors can also lead to a decrease in the accuracy of surface connection, ultimately affecting the aerodynamic performance and service life of the blades. At the same time, large blades have a large overhang ratio and poor structural rigidity after clamping. During high-speed milling, the cutting force is concentrated, which can easily cause workpiece chatter and structural deformation, resulting in surface contour deviations exceeding design tolerances and making it impossible to guarantee machining accuracy.

[0005] In view of the above problems, how to improve clamping rigidity and support uniformity, suppress processing vibration and structural deformation, and further improve the processing accuracy of large blades has become an important technical problem that urgently needs to be solved.

[0006] It should be noted that the statements herein provide only background information relevant to this application and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] This invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in related technologies. To this end, this invention proposes a five-axis machining center for blades, which can improve clamping rigidity and support uniformity, suppress machining vibration and structural deformation, thereby further improving the machining accuracy of large blades.

[0008] A five-axis machining center for blades according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a machine bed; A spindle box is connected to the bed, and a Y-axis motion module, a Z-axis motion module and a B-axis motion module are provided between the bed and the spindle box, which are respectively used to drive the spindle box to move along the Y-axis, Z-axis and swing along the B-axis; The bed is provided with a worktable, and an X-axis motion module is provided between the bed and the worktable for driving the worktable to move along the X-axis; a clamping mechanism is provided on the worktable, and an A-axis motion module is provided between the clamping mechanism and the worktable for driving the clamping mechanism to rotate along the A-axis; The A-axis motion module includes: a first A-axis turntable, an intermediate rotary frame, and a second A-axis turntable arranged at intervals on the X-axis and configured to be close to or far from each other; The clamping mechanism includes a main clamping unit connected to the first A-axis turntable and the second A-axis turntable, respectively, and an auxiliary clamping unit connected to the intermediate rotary frame.

[0009] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first A-axis rotary table is fixedly connected to the worktable; A U1 axis drive module is provided between the second A-axis rotary table and the worktable, which is used to drive the second A-axis rotary table to slide back and forth along the X-axis; A U2 axis drive module is provided between the intermediate rotary frame and the worktable, which is used to drive the intermediate rotary frame to slide back and forth along the X-axis.

[0010] This configuration can accommodate the clamping requirements of blades of different lengths, allowing for flexible adjustment of the positions of the clamping ends and the support in the middle section, thereby improving clamping versatility and machining rigidity.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the intermediate slewing frame includes: The base is slidably connected to the worktable; The central frame includes an inner ring body and an outer ring body that are rotatably connected. The outer ring body is fixedly connected to the base, and the auxiliary clamping unit is fixedly connected to the inner ring body. A drive structure is connected to the inner ring body for driving the inner ring body to rotate around axis A.

[0012] This configuration allows for synchronization between the mid-section support and the blade's rotational attitude, suppressing machining chatter and deformation, and ensuring the stability of long blade machining.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, meshing teeth are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring body; the driving structure includes: The gear is rotatably connected to the base and meshes with the meshing teeth; A rotary drive unit, with its output end connected to the gear, is used to drive the gear to rotate.

[0014] This configuration ensures smooth transmission and high rigidity, guaranteeing high-precision synchronous rotation of the inner ring and improving the accuracy of attitude control.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary clamping unit includes: Clamping cylinders, at least one as a group, and two groups of clamping cylinders are distributed on opposite radial sides of the inner ring body; The power supply module, connected to the base, is used to synchronously supply power to the multiple clamping cylinders.

[0016] This configuration enables symmetrical and synchronous clamping, uniform clamping force, avoids workpiece bending and deformation, and ensures reliable centering support.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the inner ring body is provided with a channel and an accumulator, and the plurality of clamping cylinders and the accumulator are connected through the channel. The inner ring body is provided with a one-way port connected to the channel. The power supply module has a power supply end that can be brought near or away from the one-way port to connect to or disconnect from the one-way port.

[0018] This configuration allows for rotation without pipe entanglement, continuous pressure maintenance of the accumulator, and balances clamping reliability with movement flexibility.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the power supply module includes: The mounting bracket is located on one side of the central frame and is fixedly connected to the outer ring body or the base; A connector is configured to slide close to or away from the central frame, the connector being used to connect a power supply pipe, thus forming the power supply end of the power supply module; A pusher is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket and its output end is connected to the connector seat, used to push the connector seat to slide.

[0020] This setup allows for automatic connection and disconnection of the power supply, ensuring continuous and smooth processing.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the power supply module further includes: A guide member is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket and arranged along the sliding direction of the connector seat; the guide member is slidably inserted through the connector seat.

[0022] This design provides guidance and limitation for the connector, preventing misalignment during docking and improving the reliability and stability of pressurized docking.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the power supply module further includes a constraint structure for constraining the travel of the connector seat.

[0024] This design limits the sliding stroke of the connector, prevents structural damage, and ensures operational safety and service life.

[0025] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the constraint structure includes: A first sensor and a second sensor are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the connector seat; A swaying plate is fixedly connected to the connector seat, and the first sensor and the second sensor are located on the movement path of the swaying plate; And / or, the constraint structure includes a stop block; the stop block is fixedly connected to the connector seat and is used to abut against the inner ring body to limit the connector seat.

[0026] This configuration provides dual protection through both electrical sensing and mechanical hard limits, enabling precise stroke control while ensuring both reliability and safety.

[0027] The above-described one or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least one of the following technical effects: The machine bed serves as the overall installation reference. The spindle head is driven to move along the Y and Z axes via the Y-axis and Z-axis motion modules, respectively. In conjunction with the B-axis motion module, the spindle head swings around the B-axis, enabling multi-dimensional adjustment of the spindle's machining posture. The worktable provides the mounting carrier for the clamping mechanism. The X-axis motion module drives the worktable to translate along the X-axis. The first A-axis rotary table, the intermediate rotary frame, and the second A-axis rotary table in the A-axis motion module are arranged at intervals along the X-axis, and can move closer or further apart depending on the blade length. The main clamping unit reliably fixes both ends of the blade through the first and second A-axis rotary tables. The auxiliary clamping unit is installed in the middle area of ​​the blade via the intermediate rotary frame, forming a support and limit for the middle section of the blade. At the same time, the first A-axis rotary table, the intermediate rotary frame, and the second A-axis rotary table rotate synchronously around the A-axis, causing the blade to rotate as a whole to adapt to the machining requirements. Finally, through the linkage of the A-axis and B-axis and the coordinated linear motion of the X, Y, and Z axes, the five-axis linkage machining of the complex curved surface of the blade is completed.

[0028] Compared to related technologies, the collaborative design of multi-axis motion enables all-round adjustment of machining posture and position, thereby meeting the machining stroke coverage requirements of large-size, high-torsion freeform blades. The A-axis motion module adopts a three-segment rotary structure, combined with the main clamping unit and auxiliary clamping unit, which can form a uniform clamping of blades longer than 2000mm with fixed ends and middle support throughout the entire stroke. This effectively improves the structural rigidity of the blade during machining and avoids the problem of excessive overhang caused by traditional single-end or double-end clamping. It can not only achieve high-precision forming of complex blade surfaces in one go and reduce the cumulative error caused by multiple clamping, but also suppress workpiece chatter and structural deformation during high-speed milling, ensuring that the blade surface profile meets the design tolerance requirements, thereby improving the aerodynamic performance and service life of the blade.

[0029] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0030] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or related technologies, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention and are not considered as limitations on this application. Moreover, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the five-axis machining center for blades provided by the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the Z-axis motion module provided by the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the Y-axis motion module provided by the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the slide provided by the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the X-axis motion module provided by the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the U1 axis drive module and the U2 axis drive module provided by the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the intermediate rotating frame provided by the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is the second schematic structural diagram of the intermediate rotating frame provided by the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic structural diagram of the constraint structure provided by the present invention.

[0040] Figure label: 10. Bed frame; 11. Front bed frame; 12. Rear bed frame; 13. Post; 20. Spindle box; 30. Y-axis motion module; 31. Y-axis guide rail; 32. Y-axis slider; 33. Slide block; 34. Y-axis drive component; 341. Y-axis motor; 342. Y-axis lead screw; 343. Y-axis nut; 344. Nut seat; 40. Z-axis motion module; 41. Z-axis guide rail; 42. Z-axis slider; 43. Saddle; 431. First part; 432. Second part; 44. Z-axis drive component; 441. Z-axis motor; 442. Z-axis lead screw; 443. Z-axis nut; 45. Balance component; 451. Balance cylinder; 452. Connecting seat; 453. Pin; 50. B-axis motion module; 60. Worktable; 61. Boss; 62. Slide rail; 71. Main clamping unit; 72. Auxiliary clamping unit; 80. X-axis motion module; 81. X-axis guide rail; 82. X-axis slider; 83. X-axis drive component; 831. X-axis motor; 832. X-axis lead screw; 833. X-axis nut; 90. A-axis motion module; 91. First A-axis turntable; 92. Intermediate rotary frame; 921. Base; 922. Central frame; 9221. Inner ring body; 9222. Outer ring body; 923. Drive structure; 9231. Rotary drive component; 9232. Gear; 924. Clamping cylinder; 925. Power supply module; 9251. Mounting bracket; 9252. Connector seat; 9253. Pushing component; 9254. Guide component; 9255. First sensor; 9256. Second sensor; 9257. Swing plate; 9258. Stop block; 926. Accumulator; 927. End cover; 928. Connecting plate; 929. Sensor bracket; 93. Second A-axis turntable; 931. Turntable base; 100. U1 axis drive module; 101. U1 axis slider; 102. U1 axis motor; 103. U1 axis lead screw; 104. U1 axis nut; 110. U2 axis drive module; 111. U2 axis slider; 112. U2 axis motor; 113. U2 axis lead screw; 114. U2 axis nut. Detailed Implementation

[0041] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0042] The specific terms used in this specification are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the illustrated embodiments. For example, expressions such as "same" and "identical" not only indicate a strictly identical state, but also indicate a state with tolerances or differences in the degree of functionality. For example, expressions indicating relative or absolute arrangement such as "in a certain direction," "along a certain direction," "side by side," "perpendicular," "centered on," "concentric," or "coaxial" not only strictly indicate such an arrangement, but also indicate a state of relative displacement by tolerances or angles or distances with the same degree of functionality.

[0043] The terms “center,” “longitudinal,” “lateral,” “length,” “width,” “thickness,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “top,” “bottom,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0044] Furthermore, features specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of those features. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, B1 and / or B2 can represent: B1 existing alone, B1 and B2 existing simultaneously, and B2 existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0045] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] The following is combined Figures 1 to 9 The present invention describes a five-axis machining center for blades.

[0047] As a core power component of power equipment, the operating efficiency, reliability, and service life of turbine blades depend on the quality of their machining. Currently, the machining of complex curved surfaces of turbine blades mainly relies on CNC milling technology. Among them, five-axis linkage machining, due to its multi-directional motion coordination capability, has become the mainstream technical path for handling free-form surfaces and reducing interference. Existing related machining equipment mainly includes gantry-type five-axis machining centers and horizontal five-axis milling machines. Some equipment attempts to meet the high-precision machining needs of small and medium-sized blades by configuring linkage mechanisms between linear and rotary axes. A few machining equipment for large parts adapt to the machining coverage of ultra-large workpieces by increasing the machine tool stroke. In terms of clamping methods, single-end clamping or double-end clamping structures are generally adopted.

[0048] However, when machining large-sized, complex curved blades with diameters exceeding 2000mm, the relevant technologies still suffer from the following intractable technical defects: Existing clamping schemes are mostly single-point clamping or two-end support, which cannot provide full-stroke, uniform support for blades longer than 2000mm. This results in insufficient machining rigidity, requiring multiple clamping and segmented machining to complete complex curved surfaces. Not only is it difficult to achieve high-precision forming in one go, but the cumulative clamping errors can also lead to a decrease in the accuracy of surface connection, ultimately affecting the aerodynamic performance and service life of the blades. At the same time, large blades have a large overhang ratio and poor structural rigidity after clamping. During high-speed milling, the cutting force is concentrated, which can easily cause workpiece chatter and structural deformation, resulting in surface contour deviations exceeding design tolerances and making it impossible to guarantee machining accuracy.

[0049] In view of the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a five-axis machining center for blades, which can improve clamping rigidity and support uniformity, suppress machining vibration and structural deformation, thereby further improving the machining accuracy of large blades.

[0050] Reference Figure 1A five-axis machining center for blades includes a bed 10, a spindle head 20 connected to the bed 10, and a Y-axis motion module 30, a Z-axis motion module 40, and a B-axis motion module 50 disposed between the bed 10 and the spindle head 20, respectively used to drive the spindle head 20 to move along the Y-axis, Z-axis, and swing along the B-axis; a worktable 60 is disposed on the bed 10, and an X-axis motion module 80 is disposed between the bed 10 and the worktable 60, used to drive the worktable 60 to move along the X-axis; the worktable 60 is equipped with... A clamping mechanism is provided, and an A-axis motion module 90 is provided between the clamping mechanism and the worktable 60 for driving the clamping mechanism to rotate along the A-axis. The A-axis motion module 90 includes: a first A-axis turntable 91, an intermediate rotary frame 92, and a second A-axis turntable 93 arranged at intervals in the X-axis direction and configured to be close to or far from each other. The clamping mechanism includes a main clamping unit 71 connected to the first A-axis turntable 91 and the second A-axis turntable 93 respectively, and an auxiliary clamping unit 72 connected to the intermediate rotary frame 92.

[0051] In practical applications, the bed 10 serves as the overall installation reference. The spindle box 20 is driven to move along the Y and Z axes via the Y-axis motion module 30 and Z-axis motion module 40, respectively. This, combined with the B-axis motion module 50, causes the spindle box 20 to swing around the B-axis, achieving multi-dimensional adjustment of the spindle's machining posture. The worktable 60 provides the mounting carrier for the clamping mechanism. The X-axis motion module 80 drives the worktable 60 to translate along the X-axis. The first A-axis rotary table 91, the intermediate rotary frame 92, and the second A-axis rotary table 93 in the A-axis motion module 90 are arranged at intervals along the X-axis, which can be adjusted according to the blade length dimensions. The main clamping unit 71 reliably fixes both ends of the blade through the first A-axis turntable 91 and the second A-axis turntable 93. The auxiliary clamping unit 72 is installed in the middle area of ​​the blade through the intermediate rotary frame 92 to form a support and limit for the middle section of the blade. At the same time, the first A-axis turntable 91, the intermediate rotary frame 92 and the second A-axis turntable 93 rotate synchronously around the A-axis, causing the blade to rotate as a whole to adapt to the processing requirements. Finally, through the linkage of the A-axis and B-axis and the linear motion coordination of the X, Y and Z axes, the five-axis linkage processing of the complex curved surface of the blade is completed.

[0052] Compared to related technologies, the collaborative design of multi-axis motion enables all-round adjustment of machining posture and position, thereby meeting the machining stroke coverage requirements of large-size, high-torsion free-form blades. The A-axis motion module 90 adopts a three-section rotary structure, combined with the main clamping unit 71 and the auxiliary clamping unit 72, which can form a uniform clamping of blades longer than 2000mm with fixed ends and middle support throughout the entire stroke. This effectively improves the structural rigidity of the blade during machining and avoids the problem of excessive overhang caused by traditional single-end or double-end clamping. It can not only achieve high-precision forming of complex blade surfaces in one go and reduce the cumulative error caused by multiple clamping, but also suppress workpiece chatter and structural deformation during high-speed milling, ensuring that the blade surface profile meets the design tolerance requirements, thereby improving the aerodynamic performance and service life of the blade.

[0053] The following section will describe in detail the specific structure of each module of the five-axis machining center for blades, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The machine bed 10 includes a separate front bed 11 and a rear bed 12. The rear bed 12 has a column 13, and the spindle box 20 is connected to the column 13 via a Z-axis motion module 40 and a Y-axis motion module 30. The front bed 11 is arranged along the X-direction, and the worktable 60 is connected to the front bed 11 via an X-axis motion module 80. This arrangement creates five separate coordinate axes: X, Y, Z, A, and B. The tool side has the Y, Z, and B axes, and the workpiece side has the X and A axes. This design avoids the need for a tall column 13, resulting in a smaller overall machine size.

[0055] In one example of the present invention, the Z-axis motion module 40 includes a Z-axis guide rail 41, a Z-axis slider 42, a slide saddle 43, and a Z-axis drive component 44; wherein, the Z-axis guide rail 41 is arranged on one of the column 13 and the slide saddle 43; the Z-axis slider 42 is fixedly connected to the other of the column 13 and the slide saddle 43 and is fitted into the Z-axis guide rail 41; the Z-axis drive component 44 is fixedly connected to the column 13 and its output end is connected to the slide saddle 43 for driving the slide saddle 43 to slide along the Z-axis, and the Y-axis motion module 30 is disposed on the slide saddle 43.

[0056] It is understandable that the Z-axis guide rail 41 can adopt any structural form such as a T-shaped guide rail, a rectangular guide rail, or a linear roller guide rail. The Z-axis slider 42 is fixedly connected to the slide saddle 43 and engages with the Z-axis guide rail 41 to form a sliding fit. The Z-axis drive component 44 can adopt any linear drive element with any structural form such as a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric actuator, or ball screw, and the specific selection needs to be based on actual requirements.

[0057] In this embodiment, the Z-axis drive component 44 includes a Z-axis motor 441, a Z-axis lead screw 442, and a Z-axis nut 443; wherein, the two ends of the Z-axis lead screw 442 are rotatably connected to the two ends of the column 13 through bearings; the Z-axis motor 441 is fixedly connected to the top of the column 13 through a motor mount, and the output shaft of the Z-axis motor 441 is coaxially fixedly connected to the Z-axis lead screw 442; the Z-axis nut 443 is threadedly connected to the Z-axis lead screw 442 and fixedly connected to the slide saddle 43.

[0058] Furthermore, the Z-axis motion module 40 also includes a balancer 45, which provides Z-axis drive and whose output end is fixedly connected to the slide saddle 43 to provide Z-axis balanced drive force to the slide saddle 43. This configuration effectively counteracts the self-weight load of the slide saddle 43 and the spindle box 20 during Z-axis movement, reduces the load on the Z-axis drive component 44, improves the response speed and positioning accuracy of Z-axis movement, and ensures the stability of the slide saddle 43 in high-speed lifting and standing states, avoiding motion deviation caused by self-weight sagging, and improving the overall machining stability.

[0059] In detail, the balancing component 45 includes a balancing cylinder 451 and a connecting seat 452. The balancing cylinder 451 is arranged along the Z-axis and its cylinder body is fixedly connected to the column 13. The connecting seat 452 is fixedly connected to the piston rod of the balancing cylinder 451 via a pin 453, and the connecting seat 452 is fixedly connected to the slide saddle 43. Thus, when the slide saddle 43 and the spindle box 20 move in the Z-axis, the balancing cylinder 451 can extend and retract accordingly, thereby improving the stability, positioning accuracy, and response characteristics of the Z-axis movement.

[0060] In one example of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The Y-axis motion module 30 includes a Y-axis guide rail 31, a Y-axis slider 32, a slide block 33, and a Y-axis drive component 34. The Y-axis guide rail 31 is arranged on one of the slide saddle 43 and the slide block 33. The Y-axis slider 32 is fixedly connected to the other of the slide saddle 43 and the slide block 33 and slides into contact with the Y-axis guide rail 31. The Y-axis drive component 34 is fixedly connected to the slide saddle 43 and its output end is connected to the slide block 33 for driving the slide block 33 to slide along the Y-axis. The spindle box 20 is connected to the end of the slide block 33.

[0061] It is understandable that the Y-axis guide rail 31 can adopt any structural form such as a T-shaped guide rail, a rectangular guide rail, or a linear roller guide rail, and the Y-axis slider 32 is fixedly connected to the slide block 33 and fits into the Y-axis guide rail 31 to form a sliding fit. The Y-axis drive component 34 can adopt any structural form of linear drive element such as a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, electric actuator, or ball screw.

[0062] In detail, the slide saddle 43 includes a first part 431 and a second part 432. The first part 431 is connected to the Z-axis motion module 40. The second part 432 is connected to the side of the first part 431 facing away from the column 13 and extends along the Y-axis direction, such that the upper surface of the second part 432 and the side of the first part 431 facing away from the column 13 form an L-shaped groove. The size of the groove is adapted to the size of the slide block 33 for the slide block 33 to be embedded and installed. The Y-axis slider 32 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the second part 432 and the side of the first part 431 facing away from the column 13. The Y-axis guide rail 31 is arranged at the bottom and side of the slide block 33. The Y-axis slider 32 at the bottom of the slide block 33 is slidably engaged with the Y-axis slider 32 on the upper surface of the second part 432, and the Y-axis slider 32 on the side of the slide block 33 is slidably engaged with the Y-axis slider 32 on the side of the first part 431 facing away from the column 13. This significantly increases the guiding support area between the slide block 33 and the slide saddle 43, improves the rigidity, positioning accuracy and motion stability of the slide block 33 during Y-axis movement, effectively suppresses chatter and sway during machining, and ensures the contour accuracy of five-axis linkage machining of large blades.

[0063] Furthermore, the Y-axis drive component 34 includes a Y-axis motor 341, a Y-axis lead screw 342, and a Y-axis nut 343. The Y-axis lead screw 342 is arranged along the Y-axis direction, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the slide 33 via bearings. The Y-axis motor 341 is fixedly connected to one end of the slide 33 via a motor mount, and the output shaft of the Y-axis motor 341 is coaxially fixedly connected to the Y-axis lead screw 342. The Y-axis nut 343 is threaded onto the Y-axis lead screw 342 and fixedly connected to the slide saddle 43 via a nut seat 344. With this configuration, the Y-axis drive component 34 drives the Y-axis lead screw 342 to rotate via the Y-axis motor 341, and drives the slide 33 to feed along the Y-axis direction of the slide saddle 43 via the Y-axis nut 343. The Y-axis lead screw 342 provides its own guidance, improving the smoothness and positioning accuracy of the slide 33's movement along the Y-axis direction.

[0064] In one example of the present invention, the slide ram 33 is provided with a B-axis on its end face, and the spindle box 20 is connected to the B-axis, so that the spindle box 20 can swing around the B-axis during the machining process, with a maximum swing range of 120°, which is -60° to 60° in the horizontal direction.

[0065] It is understood that the specific structural forms of the B-axis include, but are not limited to, torque motor direct-drive rotary structure, worm gear drive rotary structure, gear 9232 meshing drive rotary structure, and hydraulically driven swing structure. Any of the above structures or combinations thereof can achieve high-precision swinging of the spindle box 20 around the B-axis to meet the processing response speed and positioning accuracy requirements under different working conditions. No specific restrictions are made here.

[0066] In one example of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 5The upper surface of the front bed 11 is formed as a platform; the X-axis motion module 80 includes an X-axis guide rail 81, an X-axis slider 82, and an X-axis drive 83; wherein, the X-axis guide rail 81 is arranged on one of the front bed 11 and the worktable 60; the X-axis slider 82 is fixedly connected to the other of the front bed 11 and the worktable 60 and slides into the X-axis guide rail 81; the X-axis drive 83 is fixedly connected to the front bed 11 and its output end is connected to the worktable 60 for driving the worktable 60 to slide along the X-axis.

[0067] It is understandable that the X-axis guide rail 81 can adopt any structural form such as a T-shaped guide rail, a rectangular guide rail, or a linear roller guide rail, and the X-axis slider 82 is fixedly connected to the slide block 33 and fits into the X-axis guide rail 81 to form a sliding fit. The X-axis drive component 83 can adopt any structural form of linear drive element such as a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric actuator, or a ball screw.

[0068] Furthermore, the X-axis drive component 83 includes an X-axis motor 831, an X-axis lead screw 832, and an X-axis nut 833. The X-axis lead screw 832 is arranged along the X-axis direction, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the front bed 11 via bearings. The X-axis motor 831 is fixedly connected to one end of the front bed 11 via a motor mount, and the output shaft of the X-axis motor 831 is coaxially and fixedly connected to the X-axis lead screw 832. The X-axis nut 833 is threaded onto the X-axis lead screw 832 and fixedly connected to the worktable 60. With this configuration, the X-axis motor 831 drives the X-axis lead screw 832 to rotate, which in turn drives the worktable 60 to feed along the X-axis direction of the front bed 11 via the X-axis nut 833.

[0069] In one example of the present invention, a first A-axis rotary table 91 is fixedly connected to a worktable 60; a U1-axis drive module 100 is provided between a second A-axis rotary table 93 and the worktable 60 for driving the second A-axis rotary table 93 to reciprocate along the X-axis; a U2-axis drive module 110 is provided between an intermediate rotary frame 92 and the worktable 60 for driving the intermediate rotary frame 92 to reciprocate along the X-axis. This configuration allows for flexible adjustment of the distance between the second A-axis rotary table 93 and the first A-axis rotary table 91 according to the actual length of the blade, while simultaneously adjusting the support position of the intermediate rotary frame 92. This enables reliable clamping at both ends and adaptive support in the middle section for blades of different specifications, effectively improving clamping versatility and machining rigidity, avoiding deformation and chatter caused by excessive overhang, and ensuring high-precision machining of large blades in a single clamping operation.

[0070] In detail, a boss 61 is provided at one end of the worktable 60, and the first A-axis rotary table 91 is fixedly connected to the boss 61; the bottom of the second A-axis rotary table 93 is fixedly connected to a rotary table base 931, and the rotary table base 931 is slidably connected to the worktable 60.

[0071] It is understandable that the first A-axis rotary table 91 and the second A-axis rotary table 93 can be a torque motor direct-drive rotary table, a servo motor with worm gear transmission rotary table, a servo motor with gear reduction transmission rotary table, a hydraulic indexing rotary table, etc., as long as continuous rotation and high-precision indexing positioning of the clamping mechanism can be achieved. Furthermore, the main clamping unit 71 can employ existing three-pin positioning mechanisms, process head clamping mechanisms, floating clamping components, etc., to achieve blade centering, axial positioning, and floating clamping. All of the above can be selected according to actual needs, and no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0072] To elaborate further, refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The worktable 60 is equipped with a slide rail 62 extending along the X-direction; a U1-axis slider 101 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the turntable base 931, and the U1-axis slider 101 is slidably embedded in the slide rail 62; the U1-axis drive module 100 includes a U1-axis motor 102, a U1-axis lead screw 103, and a U1-axis nut 104; wherein, the U1-axis lead screw 103 is arranged along the X-axis direction and its two ends are rotatably connected to the worktable 60 through bearings; the U1-axis motor 102 is fixedly connected to one end of the worktable 60 through a motor mount, and the output shaft of the U1-axis motor 102 is coaxially fixedly connected to the U1-axis lead screw 103; the U1-axis nut 104 is threadedly connected to the U1-axis lead screw 103 and fixedly connected to the turntable base 931. With this configuration, the U1-axis motor 102 drives the U1-axis lead screw 103 to rotate, and the U1-axis nut 104 drives the second A-axis turntable 93 to feed along the X-axis direction of the worktable 60.

[0073] In one example of the present invention, reference is made to Figure 7 and Figure 8 The intermediate rotating frame 92 includes a base 921, a central frame 922, and a drive structure 923. The base 921 is slidably connected to the worktable 60. The central frame 922 includes an inner ring body 9221 and an outer ring body 9222 that are rotatably connected. The outer ring body 9222 is fixedly connected to the base 921, and the auxiliary clamping unit 72 is fixedly connected to the inner ring body 9221. The drive structure 923 is driven by the inner ring body 9221 and is used to drive the inner ring body 9221 to rotate around the A-axis.

[0074] During actual machining, based on the blade length and support position requirements, the U2 axis drive module 110 drives the intermediate rotary frame 92 to move along the X-axis to the set position. The base 921 of the intermediate rotary frame 92 is stably supported by the worktable 60. The outer ring body 9222 is fixed to the base 921, and the inner ring body 9221 rotates synchronously around the A-axis with the main clamping units 71 at both ends under the drive structure 923. The auxiliary clamping unit 72 rotates together with the inner ring body 9221, forming a full-range follow-up support and clamping constraint for the middle section of the blade. Under the action of cutting force, it effectively limits the radial runout and axial chatter of the blade, so that the long blade maintains good rigidity throughout the high-speed milling process, avoiding deformation and vibration marks caused by excessive overhang and insufficient rigidity. This ensures that the complex curved surface of the blade is formed in one clamping, and the machining accuracy and surface quality meet the design requirements.

[0075] In detail, a U2-axis slider 111 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the base 921, and the U2-axis slider 111 is slidably embedded in the slide rail 62; the U2-axis drive module 110 includes a U2-axis motor 112, a U2-axis lead screw 113, and a U2-axis nut 114; wherein, the U2-axis lead screw 113 is arranged along the X-axis direction and its two ends are rotatably connected to the worktable 60 through bearings; the U2-axis motor 112 is fixedly connected to one end of the worktable 60 through a motor mount, and the output shaft of the U2-axis motor 112 is coaxially fixedly connected to the U2-axis lead screw 113; the U2-axis nut 114 is threadedly connected to the U2-axis lead screw 113 and fixedly connected to the base 921. With this configuration, the U2-axis motor 112 drives the U2-axis lead screw 113 to rotate, and the U2-axis nut 114 drives the intermediate rotary frame 92 to feed along the X-axis direction of the worktable 60.

[0076] It is understood that the specific connection methods between the inner ring body 9221 and the outer ring body 9222 include, but are not limited to, rolling bearing connection, slewing bearing connection, hydrostatic guide rail support connection, sliding bushing connection, etc. The specific connection method can be selected according to actual needs, and no specific restrictions are made here.

[0077] In detail, the inner ring body 9221 has meshing teeth on its outer circumferential surface; the drive structure 923 includes a gear 9232 and a rotary drive component 9231; wherein, the gear 9232 is rotatably connected to the base 921 and meshes with the meshing teeth; the output end of the rotary drive component 9231 is connected to the gear 9232 and is used to drive the gear 9232 to rotate.

[0078] With this configuration, when the rotary drive 9231 drives the gear 9232 to rotate, the gear 9232 meshes with the meshing teeth on the outer circumference of the inner ring body 9221, thereby driving the inner ring body 9221 to rotate around the A-axis relative to the outer ring body 9222. When the inner ring body 9221 rotates, it drives the auxiliary clamping unit 72 to move synchronously, so that the support and clamping action of the intermediate rotary frame 92 on the middle section of the blade can be adjusted in real time according to the rotation posture of the blade, ensuring that it maintains synchronous rotation with the main clamping units 71 at both ends at the same angle, speed, and phase. Throughout the blade machining process, the inner ring body 9221 always stably supports the middle section of the workpiece, effectively offsetting cutting vibration and workpiece deformation due to its own weight, keeping the long blade in a state of high rigidity and low chatter, and realizing high-precision continuous cutting of complex curved surfaces.

[0079] It is understandable that the rotary drive 9231 can be configured as a motor or a combination of a motor and a reducer; no specific restrictions are made here.

[0080] Furthermore, the auxiliary clamping unit 72 includes clamping cylinders 924 and power supply module 925; wherein, at least one clamping cylinder 924 is in a group, and two groups of clamping cylinders 924 are distributed on opposite radial sides of the inner ring body 9221; the power supply module 925 is connected to the base 921 or the outer ring body 9222 and is used to synchronously supply power to the multiple clamping cylinders 924.

[0081] This configuration allows for symmetrical and synchronous clamping of both sides of the blade's middle section, resulting in uniform and stable clamping force. This ensures reliable centering support while preventing workpiece bending and deformation due to unilateral force. Furthermore, the power supply module 925 does not rotate with the inner ring 9221, preventing pipe entanglement and ensuring continuous and reliable processing.

[0082] Furthermore, the inner ring body 9221 is provided with a channel and an accumulator 926. Multiple clamping cylinders 924 and the accumulator 926 are connected through the channel. The inner ring body 9221 is provided with a one-way port that is connected to the channel. The power supply module 925 has a power supply end that can be close to or away from the one-way port to connect or disconnect from the one-way port.

[0083] With this configuration, oil / air supply can be completed in one go before rotation by connecting the power supply end to the one-way port, and the accumulator 926 maintains the clamping force by holding the pressure. After clamping, the power supply end can be released. When the inner ring body 9221 drives the clamping cylinder 924 to rotate freely, there is no risk of pipeline dragging or entanglement. This ensures a continuous and reliable clamping effect without affecting the rotation of the A-axis. The structure is simple and the operation is stable.

[0084] In this embodiment, an end cap 927 is fixedly connected to one end of the inner ring body 9221; two clamping cylinders 924 are grouped together, and the two groups of clamping cylinders 924 are distributed on opposite radial sides of the inner ring body 9221. The clamping cylinders 924 are fixedly connected to the end cap 927, and the clamping cylinders 924 on the same side are connected through the channels in the inner ring body 9221; a connecting plate 928 is fixedly connected to the end cap 927, and the clamping cylinders 924 on both sides are connected through the channels in the connecting plate 928.

[0085] In detail, refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The power supply module 925 includes a mounting bracket 9251, a connector seat 9252, and a pusher 9253. The mounting bracket 9251 is disposed on one side of the central frame 922 and is fixedly connected to the outer ring body 9222 or the base 921. The connector seat 9252 is configured to slide close to or away from the central frame 922 and is used to connect the power supply pipe, forming the power supply end of the power supply module 925. The pusher 9253 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 9251 and its output end is connected to the connector seat 9252, and is used to push the connector seat 9252 to slide.

[0086] It is understandable that the pusher 9253 can be any form of linear drive element such as a cylinder, hydraulic cylinder, or electric actuator; no specific restrictions are imposed here.

[0087] Furthermore, the power supply module 925 also includes a guide component 9254; the guide component 9254 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 9251 and arranged along the sliding direction of the connector seat 9252, and the guide component 9254 is slidably inserted into the connector seat 9252. With this configuration, the guide component 9254 can guide and radially limit the reciprocating movement of the connector seat 9252, ensuring accurate alignment and preventing misalignment when the connector seat 9252 is connected to the one-way port. This effectively improves the reliability and stability of the pressurization connection, avoids pressure leakage or structural collision due to connection deviation, and ensures a smooth and stable power supply process.

[0088] In one example of the present invention, the power supply module 925 further includes a constraint structure for restricting the movement stroke of the connector seat 9252. The constraint structure effectively limits the sliding distance of the connector seat 9252, preventing excessive thrust from the pusher 9253 that could cause excessive compression between the connector seat 9252 and the one-way port, thus avoiding damage. Simultaneously, it ensures automatic limiting after docking, guaranteeing reliable sealing and stable pressure, while also protecting the overall structure and improving the safety and service life of the device.

[0089] In detail, the constraint structure includes a first sensor 9255, a second sensor 9256, and a swaying plate 9257; wherein, the first sensor 9255 and the second sensor 9256 are fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 9251 by a sensor bracket 929, and the first sensor 9255 and the second sensor 9256 are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the connector seat 9252; the swaying plate 9257 is fixedly connected to the connector seat 9252, and the first sensor 9255 and the second sensor 9256 are located on the movement path of the swaying plate 9257. When the pusher 9253 drives the connector 9252 to approach the one-way port for docking, the sway bar 9257 moves together with the connector 9252. After triggering the first sensor 9255, it can be determined that the connector 9252 has reached the docking position, and the control system controls the pusher 9253 to stop feeding. When the processing is completed and pressure relief and reset are required, the pusher 9253 drives the connector 9252 to retract. After the sway bar 9257 triggers the second sensor 9256, it is determined that the position is completely disengaged, and the pusher 9253 stops moving. Through the cooperation of the sensor and the sway bar 9257, the docking and reset strokes are precisely controlled, which can ensure reliable connection and tight sealing between the power supply end and the one-way port, avoid structural damage caused by excessive impact, and prevent incomplete reset from affecting the rotation of the inner ring 9221. This achieves automated, precise, and safe control of the power supply docking process.

[0090] Furthermore, the constraint structure also includes a stop block 9258; the stop block 9258 is fixedly connected to the connector seat 9252 and is used to abut against the inner ring body 9221 to limit the connector seat 9252. This configuration adds a mechanical limit to the sensor; when the sensor fails or the control malfunctions, the stop block 9258 can directly abut against the inner ring body 9221 to stop it, preventing the connector seat 9252 from excessively pressing against the one-way port and causing structural damage. This forms a dual protection of electrical control and mechanical limit, improving the safety and structural reliability of the power supply docking process.

[0091] The five-axis machining center for blades provided in this invention achieves all-round adjustment of machining posture and position through the collaborative design of multi-axis motion, thereby meeting the machining stroke coverage requirements of large-size, high-torsion free-form blades. The A-axis motion module 90 adopts a three-section rotary structure, combined with the main clamping unit 71 and the auxiliary clamping unit 72, which can form a uniform clamping of the entire stroke of blades longer than 2000mm with fixed ends and middle support. This effectively improves the structural rigidity of the blade during machining and avoids the problem of excessive overhang caused by traditional single-end or double-end clamping. It can not only achieve high-precision forming of complex blade surfaces in one go and reduce the cumulative error caused by multiple clamping, but also suppress workpiece chatter and structural deformation during high-speed milling, ensuring that the blade surface profile meets the design tolerance requirements, thereby improving the aerodynamic performance and service life of the blade.

[0092] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and not for limiting the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various combinations, modifications, or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention and should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-axis machining center for blades, characterized in that, include: Bed frame (10); A spindle box (20) is connected to the bed (10). A Y-axis motion module (30), a Z-axis motion module (40) and a B-axis motion module (50) are provided between the bed (10) and the spindle box (20), respectively used to drive the spindle box (20) to move along the Y-axis, Z-axis and swing along the B-axis; The bed (10) is provided with a worktable (60), and an X-axis motion module (80) is provided between the bed (10) and the worktable (60) for driving the worktable (60) to move along the X-axis; the worktable (60) is provided with a clamping mechanism, and an A-axis motion module (90) is provided between the clamping mechanism and the worktable (60) for driving the clamping mechanism to rotate along the A-axis; The A-axis motion module (90) includes: a first A-axis turntable (91) arranged at intervals on the X-axis and configured to be close to or far from each other; an intermediate rotary frame (92); and a second A-axis turntable (93). The clamping mechanism includes: a main clamping unit (71) connected to the first A-axis turntable (91) and the second A-axis turntable (93) respectively, and an auxiliary clamping unit (72) connected to the intermediate rotary frame (92); The intermediate rotating frame (92) includes a central frame (922), which includes an inner ring body (9221) and an outer ring body (9222) rotatably connected; the auxiliary clamping unit (72) includes: clamping cylinders (924), at least one as a group, and two groups of clamping cylinders (924) are distributed on opposite radial sides of the inner ring body (9221); and a power supply module (925) connected to the base (921) for synchronously supplying power to the multiple clamping cylinders (924); The inner ring body (9221) is provided with a channel and an energy accumulator (926). The multiple clamping cylinders (924) and the energy accumulator (926) are connected through the channel. The inner ring body (9221) is provided with a one-way port that communicates with the channel. The power supply module (925) has a power supply end that can be close to or away from the one-way port to connect or disconnect from the one-way port. The power supply module (925) includes: a mounting bracket (9251) disposed on one side of the central frame (922) and fixedly connected to the outer ring body (9222) or the base (921); a connector seat (9252) configured to slide close to or away from the central frame (922), the connector seat (9252) being used to connect a power supply pipe, constituting the power supply end of the power supply module (925); a pusher (9253) fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (9251) and having its output end connected to the connector seat (9252), used to push the connector seat (9252) to slide; a guide (9254) fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (9251) and arranged along the sliding direction of the connector seat (9252); the guide (9254) being slidably inserted through the connector seat (9252); and a constraint structure used to constrain the movement stroke of the connector seat (9252). The bed (10) includes a front bed (11) and a rear bed (12) that are separately arranged. The rear bed (12) is provided with a column (13). The Z-axis motion module (40) includes a slide saddle (43). The slide saddle (43) includes a first part (431) and a second part (432). The first part (431) is slidably connected to the column (13). The second part (432) is connected to the side of the first part (431) facing away from the column (13). Extending along the Y-axis, the upper surface of the second part (432) and the side of the first part (431) facing away from the column (13) form an L-shaped slot for the slide (33) of the Y-axis motion module (30) to be embedded; the Z-axis motion module (40) also includes a balancer (45), which is used to provide Z-axis drive and its output end is fixedly connected to the slide (43) to provide Z-axis balanced drive force for the slide (43).

2. The five-axis machining center for blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first A-axis rotary table (91) is fixedly connected to the worktable (60); A U1 axis drive module (100) is provided between the second A-axis turntable (93) and the worktable (60) for driving the second A-axis turntable (93) to slide back and forth along the X-axis; A U2 axis drive module (110) is provided between the intermediate rotary frame (92) and the worktable (60) for driving the intermediate rotary frame (92) to slide back and forth along the X axis.

3. The five-axis machining center for blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate rotating frame (92) includes: The base (921) is slidably connected to the worktable (60); The outer ring body (9222) is fixedly connected to the base (921), and the auxiliary clamping unit (72) is fixedly connected to the inner ring body (9221); The drive structure (923) is connected to the inner ring body (9221) for driving the inner ring body (9221) to rotate around axis A.

4. The five-axis machining center for blades according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer circumferential surface of the inner ring body (9221) is provided with meshing teeth; the driving structure (923) includes: The gear (9232) is rotatably connected to the base (921) and meshes with the meshing teeth; A rotary drive (9231) has its output end connected to the gear (9232) and is used to drive the gear (9232) to rotate.

5. The five-axis machining center for blades according to claim 1, characterized in that, The constraint structure includes: A first sensor (9255) and a second sensor (9256) are arranged at intervals along the sliding direction of the connector (9252); A sway bar (9257) is fixedly connected to the connector seat (9252), and the first sensor (9255) and the second sensor (9256) are located on the movement path of the sway bar (9257); And / or, the constraint structure includes a stop block (9258); the stop block (9258) is fixedly connected to the connector seat (9252) and is used to abut against the inner ring body (9221) to limit the connector seat (9252).

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