A large pipe shaft type efficient cutting device with servo turret dynamic compensation and a method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to large pipe shaft cutting processing technical field, specifically, it relates to a kind of servo turret dynamic compensation large pipe shaft high-efficiency cutting device and method thereof, including cutting machine, the top surface of cutting machine is equipped with horizontal moving mechanism and is set on the top surface of horizontal moving mechanism dynamic compensation device, dynamic compensation device includes slide and setting on the follow-up compensation mechanism and static compensation mechanism of slide outer wall.The present application is through the double-mode dynamic compensation device of follow-up compensation mechanism and static compensation mechanism, so that dynamic compensation device can be according to numerical control code intelligent judgment processing mode, automatically switched to optimal support state, provides flexible dynamic follow-up support to inhibit chatter when turning;Provide rigid static clamping to resist lateral force when milling, so as to realize the overall precision guarantee of single device to complex process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of large tube and shaft cutting technology, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency cutting device and method for large tube and shaft with dynamic compensation by a servo turret. Background Technology

[0002] High-efficiency cutting devices for tubes and shafts are automated equipment specifically designed for machining tube and shaft parts. These devices are typically equipped with multiple turrets or composite tools, supporting the completion of turning, milling, drilling, and other processes in one operation. This significantly improves machining efficiency and consistency, making them suitable for mass production. They can significantly reduce working time and costs, and ensure key precisions such as workpiece roundness and coaxiality. They are an important piece of equipment in modern machining.

[0003] Patent application number CN202221183655.3 discloses a machining equipment for hydraulic cylinder tube shaft, which includes: a machine base, a rotary drive assembly, and a movable positioning clamping assembly. The rotary drive assembly includes a three-jaw chuck and a rotary drive mechanism. The center of the three-jaw chuck is provided with a feed clamping hole that runs through the left and right sides. The movable positioning clamping assembly includes a sliding clamping seat provided on the feed end side and a positioning clamping drive mechanism for driving the sliding clamping seat to move left and right relative to the three-jaw chuck.

[0004] However, existing large-scale tube and shaft machining equipment generally suffers from the problems of limited functionality and low automation. Traditional auxiliary support devices are only designed for static rigid support and cannot provide follow-up compensation when the workpiece is rotated during turning. This results in limited effectiveness in suppressing tool deflection and chatter, and they are completely unsuitable for static processes such as milling and drilling. This forces frequent manual disassembly and replacement of special tooling during machining, which seriously restricts the accuracy and efficiency of continuous multi-process composite machining. In fact, even when auxiliary support is used, its height adjustment, position locking, and retraction processes are highly dependent on human experience and operation. The lack of precise, fast, and self-locking reliable automated actuators leads to long preparation time and poor consistency of support rigidity, becoming the main bottleneck for improving the overall level of machining automation and process stability.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a high-efficiency cutting device and method for large tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency cutting device and method for large tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret. Through a dual-mode dynamic compensation device consisting of a follow-up compensation mechanism and a static compensation mechanism, the dynamic compensation device can intelligently determine the machining mode according to the CNC code and automatically switch to the optimal support state to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A high-efficiency cutting device for large tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret includes a transverse mechanism mounted on the machine frame and a dynamic compensation device slidably connected to the top surface of the transverse mechanism. The dynamic compensation device includes a slide plate, a follow-up compensation mechanism and a static compensation mechanism disposed on the outer wall of the slide plate, and two symmetrically distributed guide grooves are provided on the outer wall of the slide plate. The follow-up compensation mechanism includes a frame, a first spring passing through the frame, a sleeve disposed at the outer end of the first spring, and a ball bearing that is rolled and embedded at the end of the sleeve and used to abut against the outer wall of the tube shaft. In the above configuration, the box can move synchronously with the slide plate to adjust the position of the ball bearings; The static compensation mechanism includes multiple electric push rods, a telescopic frame driven by the multiple electric push rods, a pair of bending frames with one end sliding inside the telescopic frame, and a protruding rod set on the outer wall of one end of the bending frame. In the above configuration, the multi-section electric actuator drives the telescopic frame to move toward the tube shaft, and drives the protruding rod to move along the trajectory of the guide groove, causing a pair of bending frames to move away from each other, and then causing the other end of the bending frame to extend to the outside of the follow-up compensation mechanism and stably contact the workpiece surface.

[0008] In the technical solution of the present invention, the transverse movement mechanism includes a first motor fixedly connected to the inside of the cutting machine by bolts, a first lead screw coaxially connected to the output shaft of the first motor, a pair of guide rails laid parallel to both sides of the first motor, and a placement platform threaded to the outside of the first lead screw and sliding on the top surface of the pair of guide rails. The top surface of the placement platform is inclined from left to right and its inclination angle is the same as the machining angle of the servo turret inside the cutting machine.

[0009] The above setup establishes a precise axial movement foundation for the dynamic compensation device. The inclined placement platform aligns the support direction with the cutting force direction, optimizing the mechanical conditions and ensuring that the compensation action can accurately follow the turret to the downstream of the machining point.

[0010] In the technical solution of the present invention, the dynamic compensation device further includes a telescopic mechanism, which includes a slide fixedly connected to the top surface of the placement platform by bolts, a second motor fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the slide by bolts, a rotating shaft coaxially connected to the output shaft of the second motor, a main bevel gear sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, and a secondary bevel gear meshing perpendicularly with the main bevel gear.

[0011] In the technical solution of the present invention, the telescopic mechanism further includes a second lead screw rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slide table and engaged and fixed with the secondary bevel gear, and a movable stage threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second lead screw and slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide table.

[0012] In the technical solution of the present invention, the slide plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the moving platform by bolts, the slide plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide platform, the initial section of the guide groove is inclined and the latter half is straight, and a support plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slide plate by bolts.

[0013] The above setup, through the second motor driving the second lead screw, enables precise adjustment of the support height to adapt to workpieces of different diameters, thus preparing the correct working position for subsequent accurate compensation.

[0014] In the technical solution of the present invention, the square frame is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slide plate by bolts, and a shock absorber is sleeved inside the first spring. The bottom end of the shock absorber is threaded to the inner wall of the square frame, and the top end is snapped and fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve. The two ends of the first spring respectively abut against the bottom end of the shock absorber and the outer wall of the sleeve. The elastic force provided by the first spring pushes the sleeve to move in the fixed direction of the tube shaft.

[0015] In the technical solution of the present invention, the end of the sleeve is provided with a rolling groove adapted to the size of the ball, the ball is rolled and embedded in the end of the sleeve, and protrusions are welded and fixed on the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the frame.

[0016] In the above configuration, the ball rolls smoothly on the machined surface of the workpiece, and the supporting force maintained by the first spring provides dynamic compensation that closely follows the cutting point in real time, directly and effectively suppressing workpiece deflection and chatter caused by the radial cutting force.

[0017] In the technical solution of the present invention, the multi-section electric push rod is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support plate by screws, and the telescopic frame is fixedly connected to the end of the multi-section electric push rod telescopic rod by bolts. The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the telescopic frame near the bending frame are provided with frame wall slots, and a sliding rod is snapped and fixed on the inner wall of the telescopic frame.

[0018] In the technical solution of the present invention, the end of the bending frame is slidably connected to the outside of the slide rod, a limit hole is opened on the inner wall of the bottom end of the bending frame, the protruding rod is snapped and fixed on the outer wall of the bending frame and the end extends into the interior of the guide groove, a pad is attached to one end of the bending frame near the tube shaft fixing direction, an insert rod is slidably connected inside the slot of the frame wall, an insert block is welded to the inner end of the insert rod, a second spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the insert rod, and the end of the second spring abuts against the disc at the end of the insert rod.

[0019] In the above setup, the workpiece's radial displacement is constrained by the double-sided rigid grip provided by the static compensation mechanism. Subsequently, the servo turret can perform milling, drilling, grooving, and other processes on the workpiece in a stationary state. The strong static support effectively absorbs the lateral force during processing, avoids workpiece vibration and positional displacement, and ensures the machining accuracy and shape quality of holes and grooves in non-turning processes.

[0020] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for efficient cutting of large tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret, which includes the following steps using the above-mentioned efficient cutting device for large tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret: S1. Start the CNC system of the cutting machine, clamp the large tubular workpiece to be processed, and calculate the position of the first processing point according to the preset processing program. Generate an instruction to start the first motor of the transverse mechanism. The output shaft of the first motor drives the first lead screw to rotate, which in turn drives the placement table to move smoothly along the workpiece axis under the guidance of a pair of parallel guide rails. The entire dynamic compensation device is initially positioned near the downstream of the planned processing point of the servo turret. The top surface of the placement table is designed as an inclined surface with the same processing angle as the servo turret, ensuring that the direction of subsequent compensation actions maintains the optimal geometric relationship with the direction of cutting force. S2. Establish and execute the follow-up compensation mode. To adapt to workpieces of different diameters, start the second motor at the bottom of the slide in the telescopic mechanism, drive the rotating shaft and the main bevel gear to rotate. The main bevel gear and the vertically meshing secondary bevel gear are linked, driving the second lead screw to rotate. The rotational motion of the second lead screw is converted into the linear lifting motion of the moving table in the slide. Adjust the slide plate fixed on the moving table and the follow-up compensation mechanism to the precise height so that the center of the ball and the axis of the workpiece are on the same horizontal plane, and prepare for the follow-up support. S3. When the workpiece is rotating, the ball radially contacts the outer surface of the workpiece. As contact is established, the workpiece surface continuously compresses the first spring, causing it to generate an elastic restoring force in the opposite direction. This elastic force is continuously transmitted to the ball through the sleeve, so that it applies a constant and adaptive radial support force to the workpiece. During this process, the shock absorber sleeved inside the first spring effectively absorbs the impact at the moment of contact and the high-frequency micro-vibration during processing. At the same time, the ball obtains universal rotational freedom in its constraint groove, forming a low-friction, rollable dynamic contact interface with the workpiece surface. S4. Next, the transverse mechanism receives an instruction synchronized with the turret feed speed and drives the placement table and the entire follow-up compensation mechanism to move axially along the guide rail. During this process, the balls roll smoothly on the machined surface of the workpiece, and the support force maintained by the first spring provides dynamic compensation that closely follows the cutting point in real time, directly and effectively suppressing workpiece deflection and chatter caused by the radial cutting force. S5. Perform mechanism conversion and rigid locking for static compensation mode; when static machining is required, keep the slide at a suitable height; activate the multi-section electric actuator of the static compensation mechanism; the telescopic rod of the multi-section electric actuator extends, pushing the telescopic frame to move towards the workpiece; S6. As the telescopic frame moves forward, the end of the protruding rod slides in the guide groove on the slide plate surface; the initial inclined section of the guide groove forces a pair of bending frames to unfold to both sides of the workpiece; when the protruding rod enters the straight section of the latter half of the guide groove, the bending frame turns into a pure radial linear motion until the pad is firmly in contact with the workpiece. S7. When the bending frame is fully extended, the end of the insert rod abuts against the protrusion, and the second spring is compressed to retract it, so that the insert block is precisely inserted into the limiting hole of the bending frame, thereby mechanically locking the extended state of the bending frame and forming an absolutely rigid support structure to resist the lateral cutting force. S8. Under the double-sided rigid holding provided by the static compensation mechanism, the workpiece's radial displacement is constrained; subsequently, the servo turret can perform milling, drilling, grooving and other processes on the workpiece in a stationary state. The strong static support effectively absorbs the lateral force during processing, avoids workpiece vibration and positional displacement, and ensures the machining accuracy and shape quality of holes and grooves in non-turning processes. S9. During the workpiece machining process, the CNC system analyzes the currently executed machining code in real time and intelligently judges the dynamic characteristics of the process: if it is a turning or boring process where the workpiece rotates continuously and the tool feeds continuously, it is determined that the follow-up compensation mode is required and proceeds to steps S2-S4; if it is a milling, drilling, tapping or grooving process where the workpiece is stationary and the tool performs radial or axial cutting, it is determined that the static compensation mode is required and proceeds to steps S5-S8. S10. After the machining process is completed, the CNC system issues a reset command. If it is in static compensation mode, the multi-section electric push rod retracts first, driving the telescopic frame to move backward. The insert block overcomes the limit hole, releasing the locking of the bending frame. The convex rod moves in the opposite direction along the guide groove trajectory, driving the bending frame to retract and reset. Subsequently, the first motor of the transverse mechanism drives the placement table to move the dynamic compensation device away from the machining area as a whole. The device returns to its initial state and waits to execute the next round of machining commands.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The servo turret dynamic compensation high-efficiency cutting device and method for large tube shafts, through a dual-mode dynamic compensation device consisting of a follow-up compensation mechanism and a static compensation mechanism, enables the dynamic compensation device to intelligently determine the machining mode according to the CNC code and automatically switch to the optimal support state. During turning, it provides flexible dynamic follow-up support to suppress chatter; during milling, it provides rigid static clamping to resist lateral forces, thereby achieving comprehensive accuracy assurance for complex processes with a single device.

[0022] 2. This servo turret-based dynamic compensation high-efficiency cutting device and method for large tube shafts achieves precise height adjustment of the support unit through bevel gears and lead screw pairs; it uses guide grooves with specific trajectories to control the unfolding path of the bending frame; and it uses spring-driven insert rods and limit holes to achieve rigid self-locking of the bending frame. This makes the entire mode switching process highly automated, reliable, and rigid, significantly reducing the frequent downtime of installing and adjusting special auxiliary support tools in traditional machining, and improving the process stability of large workpieces when continuously performing multiple processes such as turning, milling, and drilling. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the dynamic compensation device in this invention; Figure 4 This is a structural breakdown diagram of the telescopic mechanism in this invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 An enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the follow-up compensation mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the static compensation mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of the static compensation mechanism in this invention; Figure 9 This is the second partial structural schematic diagram of the static compensation mechanism in this invention; Figure 10 This is the third partial structural schematic diagram of the static compensation mechanism in this invention; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Cutting machine; 200, Transverse movement mechanism; 210, First motor; 220, First lead screw; 230, Guide rail; 240, Placement platform; 300. Dynamic compensation device; 310. Telescopic mechanism; 311. Slide table; 312. Second motor; 313. Rotating shaft; 314. Main bevel gear; 315. Secondary bevel gear; 316. Second lead screw; 317. Moving table; 318. Slide plate; 3180. Guide groove; 319. Support plate; 320. Follow-up compensation mechanism; 321. Square frame; 322. First spring; 323. Sleeve; 324. Ball bearing; 325. Shock absorber; 326. Protrusion; 330. Static compensation mechanism; 331. Multi-section electric push rod; 332. Telescopic frame; 3320. Frame wall slot; 333. Slide rod; 334. Bending frame; 3340. Limiting hole; 335. Protruding rod; 336. Pad; 337. Insert rod; 338. Insert block; 339. Second spring. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of this invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this invention, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides the following technical solution: A large-scale tube-shaft high-efficiency cutting device with dynamic compensation for servo turret includes a transverse mechanism 200 mounted on the frame of a cutting machine 100 and a dynamic compensation device 300 slidably connected to the top surface of the transverse mechanism 200. Specifically, the transverse mechanism 200 includes a first motor 210 fixedly connected to the inside of the cutting machine 100 by bolts, a first lead screw 220 coaxially connected to the output shaft of the first motor 210, a pair of guide rails 230 laid parallel to both sides of the first motor 210, and a placement platform 240 threadedly connected to the outside of the first lead screw 220 and sliding on the top surface of the pair of guide rails 230. The top surface of the placement platform 240 is inclined from left to right and its inclination angle is the same as the machining angle of the servo turret inside the cutting machine 100.

[0026] Furthermore, the first motor 210 of the transverse mechanism 200 is activated. The output shaft of the first motor 210 drives the first lead screw 220 to rotate, which in turn drives the placement table 240 to move smoothly along the workpiece axis under the guidance of a pair of parallel guide rails 230, initially positioning the entire dynamic compensation device 300 near the downstream of the planned machining point of the servo turret. The top surface of the placement table 240 is designed as an inclined surface with the same machining angle as the servo turret, ensuring that the direction of subsequent compensation actions maintains the optimal geometric relationship with the direction of cutting force.

[0027] The above setup establishes a precise axial movement foundation for the dynamic compensation device 300. The inclined placement platform 240 aligns the support direction with the cutting force direction, optimizing the mechanical conditions and ensuring that the compensation action can accurately follow the turret to the downstream of the machining point.

[0028] Please see Figures 3-5 As shown, in this embodiment, the dynamic compensation device 300 includes a telescopic mechanism 310, a follow-up compensation mechanism 320 and a static compensation mechanism 330 disposed on the outer wall of the telescopic mechanism 310.

[0029] Specifically, the dynamic compensation device 300 includes a slide plate 318, and the telescopic mechanism 310 also includes a slide 311 fixedly connected to the top surface of the placement platform 240 by bolts, a second motor 312 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the slide 311 by bolts, a rotating shaft 313 coaxially connected to the output shaft of the second motor 312, a main bevel gear 314 sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft 313, and a secondary bevel gear 315 that meshes perpendicularly with the main bevel gear 314.

[0030] Furthermore, the telescopic mechanism 310 also includes a second lead screw 316 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slide table 311 and engaged and fixed with the secondary bevel gear 315, and a movable stage 317 threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second lead screw 316 and slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide table 311.

[0031] Furthermore, the slide plate 318 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the moving platform 317 by bolts, and the slide plate 318 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the slide table 311. Two symmetrically distributed guide grooves 3180 are provided on the outer wall of the slide plate 318. The initial section of the guide groove 3180 is inclined and the latter half is straight. A support plate 319 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slide plate 318 by bolts.

[0032] Furthermore, to accommodate workpieces of different diameters, the second motor 312 at the bottom of the slide 311 in the telescopic mechanism 310 is activated, driving the rotating shaft 313 and the main bevel gear 314 to rotate. The main bevel gear 314 is linked with the vertically meshing secondary bevel gear 315, which drives the second lead screw 316 to rotate. The rotational motion of the second lead screw 316 is converted into the linear lifting motion of the moving table 317 within the slide 311. The slide plate 318 fixed on the moving table 317 and the follow-up compensation mechanism 320 are adjusted to the precise height.

[0033] The above setup, through the second motor 312 driving the second lead screw 316, achieves precise adjustment of the support height to adapt to workpieces of different diameters, thus preparing the correct working position for subsequent accurate compensation.

[0034] Please see Figure 6As shown, in this embodiment, the follow-up compensation mechanism 320 includes a frame 321, a first spring 322 passing through the inside of the frame 321, a sleeve 323 disposed at the outer end of the first spring 322, and a ball bearing 324 that is rolled and embedded at the end of the sleeve 323 and used to abut against the outer wall of the tube shaft. The frame 321 can move synchronously with the slide plate 318 to adjust the position of the ball bearing 324.

[0035] Specifically, the frame 321 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slide plate 318 by bolts. The shock absorber 325 is installed inside the first spring 322. The bottom end of the shock absorber 325 is threaded to the inner wall of the frame 321, and the top end is snapped and fixed to the outer wall of the sleeve head 323. The two ends of the first spring 322 abut against the bottom end of the shock absorber 325 and the outer wall of the sleeve head 323, respectively. The elastic force provided by the first spring 322 pushes the sleeve head 323 to move in the fixed direction of the tube shaft.

[0036] Furthermore, the end of the sleeve 323 is provided with a rolling groove that matches the size of the ball 324, and the ball 324 is rolled and embedded in the end of the sleeve 323. Protrusions 326 are welded and fixed on the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the frame 321.

[0037] Furthermore, after the slide plate 318 and the follow-up compensation mechanism 320 are adjusted to a precise height, the center of the ball 324 is on the same horizontal plane as the workpiece axis, thus preparing for the follow-up support. When the workpiece is rotating, the ball bearing 324 radially contacts the outer surface of the workpiece. As contact is established, the workpiece surface continuously compresses the first spring 322, causing it to generate a counteracting elastic restoring force. This elastic force is continuously transmitted to the ball bearing 324 through the sleeve 323, causing it to apply a constant and adaptive radial support force to the workpiece. During this process, the shock absorber 325, which is fitted inside the first spring 322, effectively absorbs the impact at the moment of contact and the high-frequency micro-vibrations during processing. At the same time, the ball bearing 324 obtains omnidirectional rotational freedom within its constraint groove, forming a low-friction, rollable dynamic contact interface with the workpiece surface.

[0038] Furthermore, the transverse mechanism 200 receives a command synchronized with the turret feed speed and drives the placement stage 240 and the entire follow-up compensation mechanism 320 to move axially along the guide rail 230.

[0039] In the above configuration, the ball 324 rolls smoothly on the machined surface of the workpiece, and the supporting force maintained by the first spring 322 provides dynamic compensation that closely follows the cutting point in real time, directly and effectively suppressing workpiece deflection and chatter caused by the radial cutting force.

[0040] Please see Figures 7-10As shown, in this embodiment, the static compensation mechanism 330 includes a multi-section electric actuator 331, a telescopic frame 332 driven by the multi-section electric actuator 331, a pair of bending frames 334 with one end sliding inside the telescopic frame 332, and a protruding rod 335 disposed on the outer wall of one end of the bending frame 334. The multi-section electric actuator 331 drives the telescopic frame 332 to move in the direction of the tube axis, and drives the protruding rod 335 to move along the trajectory of the guide groove 3180, causing the pair of bending frames 334 to move away from each other, and causing the other end of the bending frame 334 to extend to the outside of the follow-up compensation mechanism 320 and stably contact the workpiece surface.

[0041] Specifically, the multi-section electric actuator 331 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support plate 319 by screws, and the telescopic frame 332 is fixedly connected to the end of the telescopic rod of the multi-section electric actuator 331 by bolts. The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the telescopic frame 332 near the bending frame 334 are provided with frame wall slots 3320, and the inner wall of the telescopic frame 332 is fixedly attached to the sliding rod 333.

[0042] Furthermore, the end of the bending frame 334 is slidably connected to the outside of the slide rod 333. A limit hole 3340 is opened on the inner wall of the bottom end of the bending frame 334. The protruding rod 335 is snapped and fixed on the outer wall of the bending frame 334 and its end extends into the interior of the guide groove 3180. A pad block 336 is attached to one end of the bending frame 334 near the tube shaft fixing direction. An insert rod 337 is slidably connected inside the slot 3320 of the frame wall. An insert block 338 is welded to the inner end of the insert rod 337. A second spring 339 is sleeved on the outer wall of the insert rod 337. The end of the second spring 339 abuts against the disc at the end of the insert rod 337.

[0043] Furthermore, when static machining is required, the slide plate 318 is kept at a suitable height; the multi-section electric actuator 331 of the static compensation mechanism 330 is activated; the telescopic rod of the multi-section electric actuator 331 extends, pushing the telescopic frame 332 to move towards the workpiece.

[0044] Furthermore, as the telescopic frame 332 moves forward, the end of the protruding rod 335 slides within the guide groove 3180 on the surface of the slide plate 318; the initial inclined section of the guide groove 3180 forces a pair of bending frames 334 to unfold to both sides of the workpiece; when the protruding rod 335 enters the latter half of the straight section of the guide groove 3180, the bending frame 334 turns into a pure radial linear motion until the pad 336 is firmly in contact with the workpiece.

[0045] Furthermore, when the bending frame 334 is fully extended, the end of the insert rod 337 abuts against the protrusion 326, and the second spring 339 is compressed to retract it, thereby precisely inserting the insert block 338 into the limiting hole 3340 of the bending frame 334, thus mechanically locking the extended state of the bending frame 334, forming an absolutely rigid support structure against lateral cutting forces. The guide groove 3180 allows the bending frame 334 to have a large radial movement range at the support end with a very small linear stroke, thereby solving the contradiction of limited space but a wide support range. At the same time, when moving or changing molds, the bending frame can be completely retracted to ensure a compact structure and avoid interference.

[0046] In the above setup, the workpiece's radial displacement is constrained by the double-sided rigid grip provided by the static compensation mechanism 330. Subsequently, the servo turret can perform milling, drilling, grooving, and other processes on the workpiece in a stationary state. The strong static support effectively absorbs the lateral force during processing, avoids workpiece vibration and positional displacement, and ensures the machining accuracy and shape quality of holes and grooves in non-turning processes.

[0047] The efficient cutting method for large tube shafts with servo turret dynamic compensation of the present invention, using the above-mentioned efficient cutting device for large tube shafts with servo turret dynamic compensation, includes the following steps: S1. Start the CNC system of the cutting machine 100, clamp the large tubular workpiece to be processed, calculate the position of the first processing point according to the preset processing program, generate instructions, start the first motor 210 of the transverse mechanism 200, the output shaft of the first motor 210 drives the first lead screw 220 to rotate, and drive the placement table 240 to move smoothly along the workpiece axis under the guidance of a pair of parallel guide rails 230, initially positioning the entire dynamic compensation device 300 near the downstream of the planned processing point of the servo turret; the top surface of the placement table 240 is designed as an inclined surface with the same processing angle as the servo turret, ensuring that the direction of subsequent compensation actions maintains the optimal geometric relationship with the cutting force direction; S2. Establish and execute the follow-up compensation mode. To adapt to workpieces of different diameters, start the second motor 312 at the bottom of the slide 311 in the telescopic mechanism 310, driving the rotating shaft 313 and the main bevel gear 314 to rotate. The main bevel gear 314 is linked with the vertically meshing secondary bevel gear 315, driving the second lead screw 316 to rotate. The rotational motion of the second lead screw 316 is converted into the linear lifting motion of the moving table 317 in the slide 311. Adjust the slide plate 318 fixed on the moving table 317 and the follow-up compensation mechanism 320 to the precise height so that the center of the ball 324 is on the same horizontal plane as the workpiece axis, thus preparing for the follow-up support. S3. When the workpiece is rotating, the ball 324 radially contacts the outer surface of the workpiece. As contact is established, the workpiece surface continuously compresses the first spring 322, causing it to generate a counteracting elastic restoring force. This elastic force is continuously transmitted to the ball 324 through the sleeve 323, causing it to apply a constant and adaptive radial support force to the workpiece. During this process, the shock absorber 325, which is sleeved inside the first spring 322, effectively absorbs the impact at the moment of contact and the high-frequency micro-vibration during processing. At the same time, the ball 324 obtains omnidirectional rotational freedom in its constraint groove, forming a low-friction, rollable dynamic contact interface with the workpiece surface. S4. Next, the transverse mechanism 200 receives a command synchronized with the turret feed speed and drives the placement stage 240 and the entire follow-up compensation mechanism 320 to move axially along the guide rail 230. During this process, the ball 324 rolls smoothly on the machined surface of the workpiece, and the support force maintained by the first spring 322 provides dynamic compensation that closely follows the cutting point in real time, directly and effectively suppressing workpiece deflection and chatter caused by the cutting radial force. S5. Perform the mechanism conversion and rigid locking of static compensation mode; when static machining is required, keep the slide plate 318 at a suitable height; activate the multi-section electric push rod 331 of the static compensation mechanism 330; the telescopic rod of the multi-section electric push rod 331 extends, pushing the telescopic frame 332 to move towards the workpiece; S6. As the telescopic frame 332 moves forward, the end of the protruding rod 335 slides in the guide groove 3180 on the surface of the slide plate 318; the initial inclined section of the guide groove 3180 forces a pair of bending frames 334 to unfold to both sides of the workpiece; when the protruding rod 335 enters the straight section of the latter half of the guide groove 3180, the bending frame 334 turns into a pure radial linear motion until the pad 336 is firmly in contact with the workpiece. S7. When the bending frame 334 is fully extended, the end of the insert rod 337 abuts against the protrusion 326, and the second spring 339 is compressed to retract it, so that the insert block 338 is precisely inserted into the limiting hole 3340 of the bending frame 334, thereby mechanically locking the extended state of the bending frame 334 and forming an absolutely rigid support structure to resist the lateral cutting force. S8. Under the double-sided rigid holding provided by the static compensation mechanism 330, the workpiece's radial displacement is constrained; subsequently, the servo turret can perform milling, drilling, grooving and other processes on the workpiece in a stationary state. The strong static support effectively absorbs the lateral force during processing, avoids workpiece vibration and positional displacement, and ensures the machining accuracy and shape quality of holes and grooves in non-turning processes. S9. During the workpiece machining process, the CNC system analyzes the currently executed machining code in real time and intelligently judges the dynamic characteristics of the process: if it is a turning or boring process where the workpiece rotates continuously and the tool feeds continuously, it is determined that the follow-up compensation mode is required and proceeds to steps S2-S4; if it is a milling, drilling, tapping or grooving process where the workpiece is stationary and the tool performs radial or axial cutting, it is determined that the static compensation mode is required and proceeds to steps S5-S8. S10. After the machining process is completed, the CNC system issues a reset command. If it is in static compensation mode, the multi-section electric push rod 331 retracts first, driving the telescopic frame 332 to move backward. The insert block 338 overcomes the limit hole 3340, releasing the locking of the bending frame 334. The protruding rod 335 moves in the opposite direction along the guide groove 3180, driving the bending frame 334 to retract and reset. Subsequently, the first motor 210 of the transverse mechanism 200 drives the placement table 240 to move the dynamic compensation device 300 out of the machining area. The device returns to its initial state and waits to execute the next round of machining commands.

[0048] The foregoing description of specific exemplary embodiments of the invention is for illustrative and explanatory purposes. These descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it will be apparent that many changes and variations can be made in accordance with the foregoing teachings. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain the specific principles of the invention and its practical application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the invention, as well as various different choices and variations. The scope of the invention is intended to be defined by the specification and its equivalents.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency cutting device for large tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret, characterized in that: It includes a transverse movement mechanism mounted on the machine frame and a dynamic compensation device slidably connected to the top surface of the transverse movement mechanism; The dynamic compensation device includes a slide plate, a follow-up compensation mechanism and a static compensation mechanism disposed on the outer wall of the slide plate, and two symmetrically distributed guide grooves are provided on the outer wall of the slide plate. The follow-up compensation mechanism includes a frame, a first spring passing through the frame, a sleeve disposed at the outer end of the first spring, and a ball bearing that is rolled and embedded at the end of the sleeve and used to abut against the outer wall of the tube shaft. The frame can move synchronously with the slide plate to adjust the position of the ball bearing. The static compensation mechanism includes multiple electric actuators, a telescopic frame driven by the multiple electric actuators, a pair of bending frames with one end sliding inside the telescopic frame, and a protruding rod set on the outer wall of one end of the bending frame. The multiple electric actuators drive the telescopic frame to move towards the tube axis, and drive the protruding rod to move along the trajectory of the guide groove, causing the pair of bending frames to move away from each other, and causing the other end of the bending frame to extend to the outside of the follow-up compensation mechanism and stably contact the workpiece surface.

2. The large-scale high-efficiency cutting device for tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The transverse mechanism includes a first motor fixedly connected to the inside of the cutting machine by bolts, a first lead screw coaxially connected to the output shaft of the first motor, a pair of guide rails laid parallel on both sides of the first motor, and a placement platform threaded to the outside of the first lead screw and sliding on the top surface of the pair of guide rails. The top surface of the placement platform is inclined from left to right and its inclination angle is the same as the machining angle of the servo turret inside the cutting machine.

3. The large-scale high-efficiency cutting device for tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The dynamic compensation device also includes a telescopic mechanism, which includes a slide fixedly connected to the top surface of the placement platform by bolts, a second motor fixedly connected to the outer wall of the bottom end of the slide by bolts, a rotating shaft coaxially connected to the output shaft of the second motor, a main bevel gear sleeved on the outside of the rotating shaft, and a secondary bevel gear meshing perpendicularly with the main bevel gear.

4. The large-scale high-efficiency cutting device for tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic mechanism further includes a second lead screw rotatably connected to the inner wall of the slide table and engaged with the secondary bevel gear, and a movable stage threadedly connected to the outer wall of the second lead screw and slidably connected to the inner wall of the slide table.

5. The large-scale high-efficiency cutting device for tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret according to claim 4, characterized in that: The slide plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the moving platform by bolts. The slide plate is slidably connected to the outer wall of the sliding platform. The initial section of the guide groove is inclined and the latter half is straight. A support plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the slide plate by bolts.

6. The large-scale high-efficiency cutting device for tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret according to claim 5, characterized in that: The frame is fixed to the outer wall of the slide by bolts. A shock absorber is installed inside the first spring. The bottom end of the shock absorber is threaded to the inner wall of the frame, and the top end is snapped to the outer wall of the sleeve. The two ends of the first spring abut against the bottom end of the shock absorber and the outer wall of the sleeve, respectively. The elastic force provided by the first spring pushes the sleeve to move in the fixed direction of the tube shaft.

7. The large-scale high-efficiency cutting device for tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret according to claim 6, characterized in that: The end of the sleeve is provided with a rolling groove that matches the size of the ball bearing. The ball bearing is rolled and embedded in the end of the sleeve. Protrusions are welded and fixed on the outer walls of the upper and lower ends of the frame.

8. The large-scale high-efficiency cutting device for tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret according to claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-section electric actuator is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the support plate by screws. The telescopic frame is fixedly connected to the end of the multi-section electric actuator telescopic rod by bolts. The upper and lower ends of the outer wall of the telescopic frame near the bending frame are provided with frame wall slots. A sliding rod is snapped and fixed on the inner wall of the telescopic frame.

9. The large-scale high-efficiency cutting device for tube shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret according to claim 8, characterized in that: The end of the bending frame is slidably connected to the outside of the slide rod. A limit hole is opened on the inner wall of the bottom end of the bending frame. The protruding rod is snapped and fixed on the outer wall of the bending frame and its end extends into the inside of the guide groove. A pad is attached to one end of the bending frame near the tube shaft fixing direction. An insert rod is slidably connected inside the slot of the frame wall. An insert block is welded to the inner end of the insert rod. A second spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the insert rod. The end of the second spring abuts against the disc at the end of the insert rod.

10. A method for efficient cutting of large tubular shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret, using the efficient cutting device for large tubular shafts with dynamic compensation of servo turret as described in claim 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Start the CNC system of the cutting machine, clamp the large tubular workpiece to be processed, and calculate the position of the first processing point according to the preset processing program. Generate an instruction to start the first motor of the transverse mechanism. The output shaft of the first motor drives the first lead screw to rotate, which in turn drives the placement table to move smoothly along the workpiece axis under the guidance of a pair of parallel guide rails. The entire dynamic compensation device is initially positioned near the downstream of the planned processing point of the servo turret. The top surface of the placement table is designed as an inclined surface with the same processing angle as the servo turret, ensuring that the direction of subsequent compensation actions maintains the optimal geometric relationship with the direction of cutting force. S2. Establish and execute the follow-up compensation mode. To adapt to workpieces of different diameters, start the second motor at the bottom of the slide in the telescopic mechanism, drive the rotating shaft and the main bevel gear to rotate. The main bevel gear is linked with the vertically meshing secondary bevel gear, which drives the second lead screw to rotate. The rotational motion of the second lead screw is converted into the linear lifting motion of the moving table in the slide. Adjust the slide plate and follow-up compensation mechanism fixed on the moving table to the precise height so that the center of the ball is on the same horizontal plane as the workpiece axis, thus preparing the follow-up support for positioning. S3. When the workpiece is rotating, the ball radially contacts the outer surface of the workpiece. As contact is established, the workpiece surface continuously compresses the first spring, causing it to generate an elastic restoring force in the opposite direction. This elastic force is continuously transmitted to the ball through the sleeve, so that it applies a constant and adaptive radial support force to the workpiece. During this process, the shock absorber sleeved inside the first spring effectively absorbs the impact at the moment of contact and the high-frequency micro-vibration during processing. At the same time, the ball obtains universal rotational freedom in its constraint groove, forming a low-friction, rollable dynamic contact interface with the workpiece surface. S4. Next, the transverse mechanism receives an instruction synchronized with the turret feed speed and drives the placement table and the entire follow-up compensation mechanism to move axially along the guide rail. During this process, the balls roll smoothly on the machined surface of the workpiece, and the support force maintained by the first spring provides dynamic compensation that closely follows the cutting point in real time, directly and effectively suppressing workpiece deflection and chatter caused by the radial cutting force. S5. Perform mechanism conversion and rigid locking for static compensation mode; when static machining is required, keep the slide at a suitable height; activate the multi-section electric actuator of the static compensation mechanism; the telescopic rod of the multi-section electric actuator extends, pushing the telescopic frame to move towards the workpiece; S6. As the telescopic frame moves forward, the end of the protruding rod slides in the guide groove on the slide plate surface; the initial inclined section of the guide groove forces a pair of bending frames to unfold to both sides of the workpiece; when the protruding rod enters the straight section of the latter half of the guide groove, the bending frame turns into a pure radial linear motion until the pad is firmly in contact with the workpiece. S7. When the bending frame is fully extended, the end of the insert rod abuts against the protrusion, and the second spring is compressed to retract it, so that the insert block is precisely inserted into the limiting hole of the bending frame, thereby mechanically locking the extended state of the bending frame and forming an absolutely rigid support structure to resist the lateral cutting force. S8. Under the double-sided rigid holding provided by the static compensation mechanism, the workpiece's radial displacement is constrained; subsequently, the servo turret can perform milling, drilling, grooving and other processes on the workpiece in a stationary state. The strong static support effectively absorbs the lateral force during processing, avoids workpiece vibration and positional displacement, and ensures the machining accuracy and shape quality of holes and grooves in non-turning processes. S9. During the workpiece machining process, the CNC system analyzes the currently executed machining code in real time and intelligently judges the dynamic characteristics of the process: if it is a turning or boring process where the workpiece rotates continuously and the tool feeds continuously, it is determined that the follow-up compensation mode is required and proceeds to steps S2-S4; if it is a milling, drilling, tapping or grooving process where the workpiece is stationary and the tool performs radial or axial cutting, it is determined that the static compensation mode is required and proceeds to steps S5-S8. S10. After the machining process is completed, the CNC system issues a reset command. If it is in static compensation mode, the multi-section electric push rod retracts first, driving the telescopic frame to move backward. The insert block overcomes the limit hole, releasing the locking of the bending frame. The convex rod moves in the opposite direction along the guide groove trajectory, driving the bending frame to retract and reset. Subsequently, the first motor of the transverse mechanism drives the placement table to move the dynamic compensation device away from the machining area as a whole. The device returns to its initial state and waits to execute the next round of machining commands.

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