Method for surface modification of ceramic powder and its application in ultra-high-strength concrete
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202610786639.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2046-06-03
AI Technical Summary
但陶瓷粉表面呈惰性（Si-O-Si键紧密），与水泥基体界面结合薄弱，易形成界面孔隙，导致：UHPC力学性能提升有限；分散性差，易团聚，增加UHPC拌合物黏度；火山灰活性激发不足，28d活性指数仅60%~70%（远低于硅灰的100%以上），水化产物（C-S-H 凝胶）生成量少，无法填充基体孔隙
[0028] (1) The surface ceramic powder modification adopts a dry process, which does not require drying and has an energy consumption of 0.5kWh/kg (75% lower than the 2.0kWh/kg of the wet process). It can be industrialized and continuously produced, which solves the contradiction that the performance improvement of existing technologies will inevitably increase costs.
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Figure CN122325141B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of building materials technology, specifically to a method for surface modification of ceramic powder and its application in ultra-high strength concrete. Background Technology
[0002] Ultra-high strength concrete (UHPC) is widely used in bridges, high-rise buildings, and special structures due to its 28-day compressive strength ≥120MPa and excellent durability. Its core technologies lie in low water-cement ratio (≤0.2), highly reactive admixtures (silica fume, ultrafine mineral powder, etc.) and fiber reinforcement. However, the high cost and scarcity of highly reactive admixtures (such as silica fume) limit the large-scale application of UHPC.
[0003] Building ceramic waste is one of the largest industrial solid wastes in my country. Grinding this waste into ceramic powder (particle size ≤10μm), whose main components are SiO2 and Al2O3, possesses potential pozzolanic activity and can be used as an admixture to replace part of cement or silica fume, thus realizing the resource utilization of solid waste. However, the ceramic powder surface is inert (with tight Si-O-Si bonds), resulting in weak interfacial bonding with the cement matrix and easy formation of interfacial pores. This leads to: limited improvement in the mechanical properties of UHPC; poor dispersibility, easy agglomeration, increasing the viscosity of UHPC mixtures; insufficient activation of pozzolanic activity, with a 28-day activity index of only 60%~70% (far lower than the over 100% of silica fume); and low generation of hydration products (CSH gel), which cannot fill the matrix pores.
[0004] The existing methods for modifying ceramic powder have the following defects: (1) Modification with a single silane coupling agent: high cost, and the organic groups are prone to causing excessive hydrophobicity at the interface, affecting the hydration reaction; (2) Alkali-activated modification: requires high concentration of NaOH (≥8mol / L), which is prone to triggering the alkali-aggregate reaction in concrete, and the process is complicated, requiring soaking and drying, increasing energy consumption by 150%; (3) Modification with nanoparticles: pure nano SiO2 is expensive, has poor dispersibility, and is prone to secondary agglomeration.
[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient and easily industrialized method for surface modification of ceramic powder to solve the interfacial compatibility problem between it and the cement matrix, while activating pozzolanic activity to realize its high-value application in UHPC. Summary of the Invention
[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for surface modification of ceramic powder and its application in ultra-high strength concrete. The aim is to reduce modification costs and improve the hydrophilicity and dispersibility of ceramic powder by using inorganic-organic composite modifiers and dry modification processes; enhance the interfacial bonding force between ceramic powder and cement matrix, stimulate its pozzolanic activity, achieve a large-scale substitution of modified ceramic powder in UHPC, and improve the mechanical properties and durability of UHPC.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0008] This invention first provides a method for surface modification of ceramic powder. This method uses an inorganic-organic composite modifier and dry mechanical activation to improve the performance of ceramic powder through a synergistic mechanism of "filling-dispersion-bonding". The specific steps are as follows:
[0009] (1) Pretreatment of ceramic powder: After crushing the building ceramic waste, it is fed into a ball mill and ground to a particle size ≤10μm, of which the D50 value measured by the laser particle size analyzer is 3~5μm; the ground ceramic powder is placed in an oven at 105~110℃ and dried for 2~4h to remove the moisture adsorbed on its surface, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain pretreated ceramic powder with a moisture content ≤0.5%;
[0010] (2) Preparation of inorganic-organic composite modifier: Take 1-3 parts of nano calcium carbonate, 0.5-1.5 parts of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC) and 0.2-0.8 parts of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) by mass. Add the above three components to a turbine stirrer and stir at 300-500 rpm for 5-10 min to mix the components evenly and obtain the inorganic-organic composite modifier.
[0011] (3) Dry mechanical activation modification: The pretreated ceramic powder and the inorganic-organic composite modifier were added to a high-speed mixer equipped with a turbine impeller and stirred at 1000~1500 rpm for 10~20 min. The whole process was carried out at room temperature without additional heating, and the energy input for mechanical activation was controlled at 100~150 kJ / kg. During the stirring process, the shear force and impact force generated by the high-speed rotation were used to make the composite modifier uniformly adsorbed on the surface of the ceramic powder, forming a coating layer of "nano-calcium carbonate-HPMC-KH550". XRD test showed that the coating layer showed the characteristic peak of Ca-O-Si bridging structure, and finally the surface-modified ceramic powder was obtained. Through comparative experiments, it can be seen that under the same amount of modifier, the dispersion of ceramic powder (laser particle size D90 / D50=1.8) when using a turbine impeller was 35.7% higher than that when using an anchor impeller (D90 / D50=2.8).
[0012] In step (1), the building ceramic waste includes floor tiles, wall tile scraps, etc.
[0013] In step (2), the particle size of nano-calcium carbonate is 20~50nm and the surface hydroxyl content is ≥1.2mmol / g. This component can fill the micropores of 30~50nm on the surface of ceramic powder and serve as the crystal nucleus for cement hydration, promoting the formation of CSH gel. HPMC has a degree of substitution of 0.3~0.5. Its hydroxyl groups can improve the hydrophilicity and dispersibility of ceramic powder and have good compatibility with cement, which can prevent the agglomeration of nanoparticles. KH550 can connect ceramic powder and cement matrix through -Si-O-Ca- chemical bonds, enhancing the interfacial bonding force.
[0014] In step (2), the mass ratio of HPMC to nano-calcium carbonate is 1:2~3, at which point the dispersion effect is optimal, which can improve the stability of the ceramic powder suspension by 40%.
[0015] In step (3), the mass ratio of the pretreated ceramic powder to the inorganic-organic composite modifier is 100:1.7~5.3.
[0016] This invention also provides the application of the modified ceramic powder in ultra-high strength concrete. UHPC is prepared by replacing 10%~20% of the cement with the modified ceramic powder, in conjunction with a composite aggregate system of "ceramic tile aggregate and quartz sand". The specific steps are as follows:
[0017] (1) Preparation of UHPC ingredients:
[0018] Take 340-440 parts of PO 42.5 cement by weight as the matrix cementitious material;
[0019] 40-90 parts of surface-modified ceramic powder are used to replace part of the cement, and its 28-day pozzolanic activity index is 85%-95%.
[0020] 80-100 parts of silica fume, with a purity ≥95%, are used as a highly active admixture to fill micropores;
[0021] The aggregate system comprises 800-900 parts, which is a mixture of quartz sand and ceramic waste. The quartz sand consists of two particle size distributions: 40% with a particle size of 0.15-0.3 mm and 60% with a particle size of 0.3-0.6 mm. The ceramic waste has a particle size of 0.6-1.2 mm and is added at 10%-20% of the total mass of the aggregate system.
[0022] 150-200 parts of copper-plated microfiber steel, with a length of 13mm, a diameter of 0.2mm, and a tensile strength ≥2800Mpa;
[0023] 8-12 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, with a solid content of 40% and a water reduction rate of ≥35%;
[0024] The water content should be 70-85 parts, and the water-cement ratio (i.e., the ratio of the total mass of water to cement, surface-modified ceramic powder, and silica fume) should be controlled at 0.16-0.18.
[0025] (2) Preparation of UHPC by mixing: Cement, surface-modified ceramic powder, silica fume and aggregate system are added to a twin-shaft mixer and mixed at a low speed of 250~300 rpm for 2~3 min to make the dry materials evenly mixed; then tap water and polycarboxylate superplasticizer are added, the mixer speed is adjusted to 550~650 rpm and the mixture is stirred at high speed for 3~5 min until the mixture is fluid. At this time, the slump of the mixture should be ≥250 mm and the expansion should be ≥650 mm; finally, copper-plated microfiber steel fiber is added, the mixer speed is adjusted back to 200~250 rpm and the mixture is stirred at a low speed for 2~3 min to ensure that the fiber is evenly dispersed and to avoid agglomeration.
[0026] (3) UHPC casting and curing: The mixed material is poured into the pre-set mold, and after being vibrated and compacted, it is left to stand at room temperature for 22~24h. Then, the demolding process is carried out. The demolded component is sent to a steam curing chamber at 60~70℃ for 48~72h. This temperature condition and the set water-cement ratio have a synergistic effect, which can increase the pozzolanic activity index of the modified ceramic powder by 20% compared with room temperature curing. After steam curing, the component is transferred to a standard curing room (temperature 20±2℃, relative humidity ≥95%) for continued curing for 28 days, and the ultra-high strength concrete product is obtained.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0028] (1) The surface ceramic powder modification adopts a dry process, which does not require drying and has an energy consumption of 0.5kWh / kg (75% lower than the 2.0kWh / kg of the wet process). It can be industrialized and continuously produced, which solves the contradiction that the performance improvement of existing technologies will inevitably increase costs.
[0029] (2) The modified ceramic powder has strong interfacial bonding and excellent dispersion performance. Among them, KH550 constructs -Si-O-Ca- chemical bonds, and nano-calcium carbonate fills the interfacial micropores (SEM shows that the interfacial width is reduced from 0.8μm to 0.2μm). HPMC improves hydrophilicity, reduces interfacial porosity by 40% to 50%, improves the stability of the modified ceramic powder suspension by 40%, and has no secondary agglomeration.
[0030] (3) The ceramic powder is modified by dry mechanical activation, which fully activates the activity. The mechanical activation breaks the Si-O-Si bond on the surface of the ceramic powder. Nano calcium carbonate acts as a crystal nucleus to promote cement hydration. The 28-day pozzolanic activity index of the modified ceramic powder is increased to 85% to 95% (unmodified only 60% to 70%), and the degree of hydration is increased by 15% compared with single modification.
[0031] (4) The 28-day compressive strength of UHPC is ≥170MPa, and the flexural strength is ≥22MPa (the 28-day compressive strength of unmodified ceramic powder UHPC is 140MPa and 18MPa, respectively); the 60-day compressive strength reaches 190MPa, with a growth rate of 12%, which is much higher than the 5% of the unmodified group; the chloride ion permeability coefficient is ≤5×10 -13 m 2 / s (durability improved by 30%), strength loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles at -20℃ ≤5%, and strength retention rate after high-temperature curing at 200℃ 92%, which is better than the 75% of the unmodified group.
[0032] (5) The present invention adopts a dual solid waste system of ceramic powder and ceramic aggregate. Each cubic meter of UHPC can dispose of 150~200kg of ceramic waste, which is 60% higher than the existing technology, reducing solid waste storage pollution and improving the utilization rate of solid waste. Attached Figure Description
[0033] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ceramic powder surface modification process.
[0034] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the process for preparing ultra-high strength concrete (UHPC) using modified ceramic powder. Detailed Implementation
[0035] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments described in this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0036] Example 1
[0037] 1. Preparation of modified ceramic powder
[0038] (1) Pretreatment of ceramic powder: After crushing the building ceramic waste, it is fed into a ball mill and ground to a particle size ≤10μm, D50=4μm; the ground ceramic powder is placed in an oven at 110℃ and dried for 3h to remove the moisture adsorbed on its surface, and then cooled to room temperature to obtain pretreated ceramic powder with a water content of 0.3%.
[0039] (2) Preparation of inorganic-organic composite modifier: By mass, take 2 parts of nano calcium carbonate (30nm, hydroxyl content 1.5mmol / g), 1 part of HPMC (degree of substitution 0.4), and 0.5 parts of KH550. Add the above three components to a turbine stirrer and stir at 400rpm for 8min to make the components evenly mixed to obtain inorganic-organic composite modifier.
[0040] (3) Dry mechanical activation modification: 100 parts of pretreated ceramic powder and 3.5 parts of inorganic-organic composite modifier were added to a high-speed mixer equipped with a turbine impeller and stirred at 1200 rpm for 15 min. The whole process was carried out at room temperature without additional heating, and the energy input for mechanical activation was controlled at 120 kJ / kg to obtain surface-modified ceramic powder (28d activity index 92%).
[0041] 2. Preparation of UHPC
[0042] (1) UHPC mix proportion: by mass, 340 parts cement, 50 parts surface modified ceramic powder (replacing 12.5% cement), 90 parts silica fume, 850 parts aggregate (765 parts quartz sand + 85 parts ceramic aggregate), 180 parts copper-plated microfiber steel fiber, 10 parts polycarboxylate high-efficiency water-reducing agent, and 78 parts water (water-binder ratio 0.1625);
[0043] (2) Preparation of UHPC by mixing: Cement, surface-modified ceramic powder, silica fume and aggregate system are added to a twin-shaft mixer and mixed at a low speed of 300 rpm for 2 min to make the dry materials evenly mixed; then water and polycarboxylate superplasticizer are added, the mixer speed is adjusted to 600 rpm and the mixture is stirred at a high speed for 4 min until the mixture is fluid. At this time, the slump of the mixture is 260 mm and the spread is 680 mm; finally, copper-plated microfiber steel is added, the mixer speed is adjusted back to 200 rpm and the mixture is stirred at a low speed for 2 min.
[0044] (3) UHPC casting and curing: The mixed material is poured into the pre-set mold, and after being vibrated and compacted, it is left to stand at room temperature for 24 hours. Then, the demolding process is carried out. The demolded component is sent to a steam curing chamber at 65℃ for 60 hours. After the steam curing is completed, the component is transferred to a standard curing room (temperature 20±2℃, relative humidity ≥95%) for continued curing for 28 days, and the ultra-high strength concrete product is obtained.
[0045] 3. Performance Testing:
[0046] The activity index of the modified ceramic powder with 28-day pozzolanic residue is 92%.
[0047] The dispersion of the modified ceramic powder is: D90 / D50 = 1.8.
[0048] 28-day compressive strength: 175 MPa; 60-day compressive strength: 192 MPa.
[0049] 28-day flexural strength: 22.5 MPa.
[0050] Slump / spread: 260mm / 680mm.
[0051] Chloride ion permeability resistance coefficient: 4.2 × 10⁻⁶-13 m 2 / s; Strength loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles at -20℃: 3.2%.
[0052] SEM characterization: interface width 0.2 μm, CSH gel is dense; XRD characterization shows characteristic peaks of Ca-O-Si.
[0053] Example 2 (Composite Aggregate Optimization Group)
[0054] Except for adjusting the aggregate system to 680 parts quartz sand + 170 parts ceramic aggregate (ceramic aggregate accounting for 20%), the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0055] Performance testing:
[0056] The activity index of the modified ceramic powder with 28-day pozzolanic residue is 92%.
[0057] The dispersion of the modified ceramic powder is: D90 / D50 = 1.8.
[0058] 28-day compressive strength: 185 MPa; 60-day compressive strength: 200 MPa.
[0059] 28-day flexural strength: 23.2 MPa.
[0060] Slump / spread: 255mm / 670mm.
[0061] Chloride ion permeability resistance coefficient: 3.8 × 10 - ¹³ m² / s; Strength loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles at -20℃: 2.8%
[0062] 200 kg of ceramic waste per cubic meter.
[0063] Example 3 (Extreme Condition Adaptation Group)
[0064] Except for the curing process being adjusted to “65℃ steam curing for 60 hours + 200℃ high temperature curing for 2 hours”, the other steps are the same as in Example 1.
[0065] Performance testing:
[0066] The activity index of the modified ceramic powder with 28-day pozzolanic residue is 92%.
[0067] The dispersion of the modified ceramic powder is: D90 / D50 = 1.8.
[0068] Compressive strength after 28 days of standard curing: 175 MPa; flexural strength after 28 days: 22.5 MPa.
[0069] Compressive strength after curing at 200℃ for 2 hours: 161MPa (strength retention rate 92%).
[0070] Slump / spread: 260mm / 680mm.
[0071] Chloride ion permeability resistance coefficient: 4.2 × 10⁻⁶ - ¹³ m² / s; Strength loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles at -20℃: 3.2%.
[0072] Comparative Example 1 (Unmodified ceramic powder)
[0073] Except for the fact that the ceramic powder was not modified, the other steps were the same as in Example 1.
[0074] Performance testing:
[0075] Unmodified ceramic powder 28d pozzolanic activity index: 65%.
[0076] Unmodified ceramic powder dispersion: D90 / D50=3.2.
[0077] 28-day compressive strength: 140 MPa; 60-day compressive strength: 147 MPa.
[0078] 28-day flexural strength: 18 MPa.
[0079] Slump / spread: 220mm / 580mm.
[0080] Chloride ion permeability resistance coefficient: 1.8 × 10⁻⁶ - ¹²m² / s; Strength loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles at -20℃: 8.5%.
[0081] SEM characterization: Interface width 0.8μm, with numerous interface pores.
[0082] Comparative Example 2 (Pure silane-modified ceramic powder)
[0083] The composite modifier was replaced with 1 part KH550 (pure silane), and the remaining steps were the same as in Example 1.
[0084] Performance testing:
[0085] Pure silane-modified ceramic powder, 28-day pozzolanic activity index: 88%
[0086] Dispersion of modified ceramic powder: D90 / D50 = 2.1
[0087] 28-day compressive strength: 165 MPa; 60-day compressive strength: 178 MPa
[0088] 28-day flexural strength: 20 MPa
[0089] Slump / Spread: 240mm / 630mm
[0090] Chloride ion permeability resistance coefficient: 6.5 × 10 -¹³ m² / s; Strength loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles at -20℃: 4.8%
[0091] The hydrophobicity of the interface resulted in an 8% reduction in the degree of hydration compared to Example 1.
[0092] Comparative Example 3 (Anchor Paddle Mixer)
[0093] The dry modification of ceramic powder was carried out using an anchor-type stirring paddle, and the remaining steps were the same as in Example 1.
[0094] Performance testing:
[0095] The activity index of the modified ceramic powder with 28-day pozzolanic ash content is 89%.
[0096] The dispersion of the modified ceramic powder is: D90 / D50 = 2.8.
[0097] 28-day compressive strength: 168 MPa; 60-day compressive strength: 182 MPa.
[0098] 28-day flexural strength: 20.5 MPa.
[0099] Slump / spread: 235mm / 600mm.
[0100] Chloride ion permeability resistance coefficient: 5.8 × 10 - ¹³ m² / s; Strength loss rate after 50 freeze-thaw cycles at -20℃: 4.5%.
[0101] Data analysis revealed that the 28-day pozzolanic activity index of the modified ceramic powder in Example 1 reached 92%, which was 41.5% higher than that of Comparative Example 1 (unmodified ceramic powder, 65%), and even 4.5% higher than that of Comparative Example 2 (pure silane modified, 88%). This is due to the nucleation effect of nano-calcium carbonate, the chemical bonding effect of KH550, and the mechanical activation that disrupts the Si-O-Si bond. These three factors synergistically stimulated the potential activity of the ceramic powder.
[0102] Regarding dispersibility, the dispersibility of Example 1 (D90 / D50=1.8) was 35.7% higher than that of Comparative Example 3 (anchor paddle stirring, 2.8) and 43.8% higher than that of Comparative Example 1 (3.2). The combination of turbine stirring paddle and HPMC effectively prevented secondary agglomeration of nanoparticles.
[0103] This invention employs a ternary composite modifier of nano-calcium carbonate, HPMC, and KH550, along with a turbine propeller dry activation scheme, to increase the 28-day activity index of ceramic powder to 92% and optimize the dispersibility by 43.8%, resulting in core performance far exceeding that of unmodified and single-modification schemes. UHPC prepared based on this modified ceramic powder achieves a 28-day compressive strength of 175 MPa (a 25% increase compared to unmodified powder) and a 76.7% reduction in chloride ion permeability, achieving a dual breakthrough in mechanical properties and durability. Simultaneously, the solid waste disposal capacity per cubic meter increases by 37.9%, perfectly resolving the inherent contradiction of "performance, cost, and environmental protection" in existing technologies, demonstrating significant technological innovation and industrial application value.
Claims
1. A method for surface modification of ceramic powder based on an inorganic-organic composite modifier, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Pretreatment of ceramic powder: Grind the building ceramic waste to a particle size ≤10μm, D50=3~5μm, dry it to a moisture content ≤0.5%, and cool it to room temperature to obtain pretreated ceramic powder; (2) Dry mechanical activation: Take 1-3 parts by weight of nano-calcium carbonate, 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether, and 0.2-0.8 parts by weight of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. Add the above three components to a turbine stirrer and stir evenly to obtain an inorganic-organic composite modifier. By weight, 100 parts of pretreated ceramic powder and 1.7 to 5.3 parts of inorganic-organic composite modifier are added to a high-speed mixer equipped with a turbine impeller and stirred at 1000 to 1500 rpm for 10 to 20 minutes. The mechanical activation energy input is 100 to 150 kJ / kg to obtain surface-modified ceramic powder.
2. The method for surface modification of ceramic powder based on an inorganic-organic composite modifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nano-calcium carbonate particles in step (2) have a particle size of 20~50nm and a surface hydroxyl content ≥1.2mmol / g; the degree of substitution of the hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether is 0.3~0.5, and the mass ratio of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether to nano-calcium carbonate is 1:2~3.
3. The method for surface modification of ceramic powder based on an inorganic-organic composite modifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), during the preparation of the inorganic-organic composite modifier, the stirring speed is 300-500 rpm and the time is 5-10 min.
4. The method for surface modification of ceramic powder based on an inorganic-organic composite modifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The building ceramic waste mentioned in step (1) includes scraps of floor tiles and wall tiles. The drying temperature is 105~110℃ and the time is 2~4h. The 28-day pozzolanic activity index of the surface modified ceramic powder prepared in step (2) is 85%~95%.
5. The application of the surface-modified ceramic powder obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in ultra-high strength concrete.
6. A method for preparing ultra-high strength concrete based on surface-modified ceramic powder obtained by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Ingredients: By weight, take 340-440 parts of cement, 40-90 parts of surface-modified ceramic powder, 80-100 parts of silica fume, 800-900 parts of aggregate system, 150-200 parts of steel fiber, 8-12 parts of polycarboxylate superplasticizer, and 70-85 parts of water. (2) Mixing: First, dry mix the cement, surface modified ceramic powder, silica fume and aggregate system for 2-3 minutes, add water and water-reducing agent and wet mix for 3-5 minutes, then add steel fiber and mix for 2-3 minutes to obtain the mixture; (3) Casting and curing: Cast the mixture into shape, let it stand at room temperature for 22~24h, then demold, steam at 60~70℃ for 48~72h, and then standard curing for 28 days.
7. The method for preparing ultra-high strength concrete based on surface-modified ceramic powder according to claim 6, characterized in that, The steel fibers are copper-plated microfibers with a length of 13mm and a diameter of 0.2mm, and a tensile strength ≥2800Mpa; the aggregate system is a mixture of quartz sand and ceramic waste. The quartz sand consists of two particle size distributions: 40% with a particle size of 0.15-0.3mm and 60% with a particle size of 0.3-0.6mm; the ceramic waste has a particle size of 0.6-1.2mm, and its addition amount accounts for 10% to 20% of the total mass of the aggregate system.