Protective support device for underground tunnel construction

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of underground construction safety devices, in particular to a protection and supporting device for underground tunnel construction. A mounting base is provided with symmetrical electric push rods, a telescopic support is mounted on the mounting base, the top end of the electric push rod is connected with an upper top plate, side supporting plates are rotationally connected to the two sides of the upper top plate, a connecting frame is fixedly installed on the upper top plate, a track groove supporting protection mechanism is arranged on the mounting base, the supporting protection mechanism is arranged on the mounting base, and the supporting protection mechanism is used for improving the stability of the device abutment; a pre-cleaning mechanism is arranged on the connecting frame, the pre-cleaning mechanism is used for improving the supporting effect of the side supporting plates and improving the stability of the device. The supporting protection mechanism realizes stable supporting and self-adapting adhesion to the rock wall through cooperation of various parts, the pre-cleaning mechanism blows off the stone dust, the two are linked to ensure that the side supporting plates are closely abutted, and the supporting stability of the device is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of underground construction safety devices, specifically a protective support device for underground tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] During the construction of underground tunnels (such as mines and tunnels), the surrounding rock is easily deformed and detached due to excavation disturbance, and may even lead to safety hazards such as collapse, roof fall, and wall spalling. Therefore, protective support devices are the core equipment for ensuring construction safety. Existing protective support devices for underground tunnel construction mostly adopt rigid support structures, and their contact surfaces are mostly fixed rigid plates. These cannot adapt to the unevenness and inclination changes of the underground tunnel rock walls, and are prone to problems such as point contact and local suspension, resulting in uneven support stress, which in turn causes the device to be unbalanced, unstable, and reduces the reliability of the support.

[0003] Meanwhile, the existing support and protection mechanisms of the support devices are mostly fixed structures, lacking effective buffering and adaptive adjustment capabilities. They are unable to cope with the instantaneous impact and slow deformation of the surrounding rock of underground caves, and are prone to sudden changes in support force and false support, making it impossible to maintain a stable support effect in the long term. Moreover, most devices do not have effective pre-cleaning mechanisms, and the debris such as gravel, loose rocks, and dust remaining on the surface of the underground cave walls will further affect the fit of the support surface, resulting in loose contact of the side support plates and leaving safety hazards.

[0004] To address the aforementioned issues, innovative designs are urgently needed based on existing approaches. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a protective support device for underground tunnel construction to solve the problems mentioned in the background. The technical solution of this invention addresses the problem that the existing technical solutions are too simplistic and provides a solution that is significantly different from the existing technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a protective support device for underground tunnel construction, comprising an installation base, electric push rods symmetrically arranged on the installation base, a telescopic bracket installed on the installation base, an upper top plate connected to the top end of the electric push rods, side support plates rotatably connected to both sides of the upper top plate, a connecting frame fixedly installed on the upper top plate, and a track groove opened on the installation base;

[0007] A support and protection mechanism is provided on the mounting base, and the support and protection mechanism is used to improve the stability of the device in contact with the mounting base.

[0008] A pre-cleaning mechanism is installed on the connecting frame. The pre-cleaning mechanism is used to improve the support effect of the side support plate and enhance the stability of the device.

[0009] Preferably, the support and protection mechanism includes a sliding block, which is slidably installed in the track groove, and a support rod is rotatably installed on the sliding block, with the other end of the support rod rotatably connected to the telescopic bracket.

[0010] Preferably, an oil cylinder is installed inside the mounting base, and a piston rod on the oil cylinder is disposed in the track groove. A pressure spring is surrounded on the outside of the piston rod, and one end of the pressure spring is installed on the inner wall of the track groove.

[0011] Preferably, the piston rod abuts against the sliding block, the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through the infusion hose, and there are two hydraulic cylinders symmetrically arranged inside the connecting frame.

[0012] Preferably, the piston rod of the second oil cylinder is connected to a movable plate at its top end. The movable plate is elastically limited and slidably installed inside the connecting frame. The lower end of the movable plate is connected to a pressing block through a rod. The pressing block is triangular in side view.

[0013] Preferably, the support and protection mechanism further includes an abutment plate, which is connected to the connecting frame via a ball joint. Connecting rods are movably installed at the four corners of the abutment plate, and the lower ends of the connecting rods are movably inside the connecting frame. An adjusting spring is connected to the lower end of the connecting rod.

[0014] Preferably, the other end of the adjusting spring is connected to a limiting block, which is slidably installed inside the connecting frame, and the lower end of the limiting block abuts against the inclined surface of the extrusion block.

[0015] Preferably, the pre-cleaning mechanism includes a movable frame, which is elastically and slidably mounted on the connecting frame. Two sets of movable frames are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear, and air inlets are rotatably mounted on the movable frame at equal angles.

[0016] Preferably, toothed blocks are provided at equal angles on the rear side of the air inlet, a rack is fixedly installed inside the connecting frame, the toothed blocks mesh with the rack, and an impact block is fixedly installed on the movable frame.

[0017] Preferably, the pre-cleaning mechanism further includes a rotating shaft, which is rotatably mounted in the connecting frame. A rotating cam is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft, and the impact block is located on the rotation stroke of the rotating cam. The rear end of the rotating shaft contacts the friction strip on the movable plate through a silicone material.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The support and protection mechanism is scientifically designed and has strong self-adaptive capabilities. The sliding block is limited and slidably installed in the track groove. With the support rod connected by rotation, it can synchronously adjust the support angle during the lifting and lowering of the telescopic support, forming a stable triangular support structure, which effectively improves the device's anti-overturning and anti-lateral displacement capabilities. The hydraulic cylinder one, together with the piston rod one and the pressure spring, can provide a buffering force for the sliding block, mitigating the damage to the device caused by the impact of the surrounding rock. At the same time, hydraulic cylinder one and hydraulic cylinder two are interconnected to achieve power linkage, further enhancing the support stability.

[0020] 2. Excellent contact and fit, effectively solving the problem of loose contact between rigid contact surfaces. The contact plate is connected to the connecting frame via a ball joint, which can adapt to changes in the inclination angle of the rock wall and achieve multi-angle contact. The connecting rods at the four corners of the contact plate, together with adjusting springs, limiting blocks, and triangular extrusion blocks driven by the movable plate, can push the limiting blocks to slide through the inclined surface of the extrusion blocks under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder, thereby adjusting the preload of the adjusting springs. This allows the contact plate to fit tightly against the uneven rock wall, changing from point contact to surface contact, avoiding local suspension and uneven loading, and greatly improving the contact stability. The pre-cleaning mechanism works in conjunction with the support mechanism, resulting in good cleaning effect and effectively improving the support effect of the side support plates. The movable frame is elastically limited and slidably installed on the connecting frame. In conjunction with the rotating air nozzle, the air nozzle can be rotated during the movement of the movable frame through the meshing of the toothed block and the rack, expanding the cleaning range and achieving comprehensive cleaning of residual gravel and dust on the rock wall surface. The rotating cam on the rotating shaft cooperates with the impact block on the movable frame to drive the movable frame to slide back and forth, achieving reciprocating cleaning and further improving the cleaning effect. At the same time, the rotating shaft contacts the friction strip on the movable plate through the silicone material, realizing the linkage between the pre-cleaning mechanism and the support mechanism, so that the cleaning action and the contact action are carried out simultaneously, creating clean and flat conditions for the contact of the side support plate and avoiding the problem of incomplete contact caused by debris. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the connecting frame of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion block and limiting block structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the mounting base of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the impact block and the rotating cam in this invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the tooth block and rack structure of the present invention.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Mounting base; 2. Electric push rod; 3. Telescopic bracket; 4. Top plate; 5. Side support plate; 6. Connecting frame; 7. Track groove; 8. Sliding block; 9. Support rod; 10. Hydraulic cylinder one; 11. Piston rod one; 12. Pressure spring; 13. Hydraulic cylinder two; 1301. Piston rod two; 14. Movable plate; 1401. Extrusion block; 15. Abutment plate; 16. Connecting rod; 17. Adjusting spring; 18. Limiting block; 19. Movable frame; 20. Air inlet; 21. Tooth block; 22. Rack; 23. Impact block; 24. Rotating shaft; 25. Rotating cam; 26. Friction strip. Detailed Implementation

[0028] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention in order to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, based on the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention.

[0029] Please see Figures 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a protective support device for underground tunnel construction, including a mounting base 1, electric push rods 2 symmetrically arranged on the mounting base 1, a telescopic bracket 3 installed on the mounting base 1, an upper top plate 4 connected to the top end of the electric push rods 2, side support plates 5 rotatably connected to both sides of the upper top plate 4, a connecting frame 6 fixedly installed on the upper top plate 4, and a track groove 7 opened on the mounting base 1.

[0030] A support and protection mechanism is installed on the mounting base 1. The support and protection mechanism is used to improve the stability of the device in contact with the mounting base.

[0031] The pre-cleaning mechanism is installed on the connecting frame 6. The pre-cleaning mechanism is used to improve the support effect of the side support plate 5 and enhance the stability of the device.

[0032] In one embodiment of the present invention, the support and protection mechanism includes a sliding block 8, which is slidably installed in the track groove 7. A support rod 9 is rotatably installed on the sliding block 8, and the other end of the support rod 9 is rotatably connected to the telescopic bracket 3.

[0033] In one embodiment of the present invention, an oil cylinder 10 is installed in the mounting base 1, and a piston rod 11 on the oil cylinder 10 is disposed in the track groove 7. A pressure spring 12 is surrounded on the outside of the piston rod 11, and one end of the pressure spring 12 is installed on the inner wall of the track groove 7.

[0034] In one embodiment of the present invention, piston rod 11 abuts against sliding block 8, and oil cylinder 10 is connected to oil cylinder 2 13 through a fluid delivery hose. There are two oil cylinders 2 13 symmetrically arranged inside the connecting frame 6.

[0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the piston rod 1301 on the oil cylinder 13 is connected to a movable plate 14 at its top end. The movable plate 14 is elastically limited and slidably installed inside the connecting frame 6. The lower end of the movable plate 14 is connected to a pressing block 1401 through a rod. The pressing block 1401 is triangular in side view.

[0036] As one embodiment of the present invention, the support and protection mechanism further includes an abutment plate 15, which is connected to the connecting frame 6 by a ball joint. Connecting rods 16 are movably installed at the four corners of the abutment plate 15, and the lower ends of the connecting rods 16 are movably inside the connecting frame 6. An adjusting spring 17 is connected to the lower ends of the connecting rods 16.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present invention, the other end of the adjusting spring 17 is connected to a limiting block 18, which is slidably installed inside the connecting frame 6, and the lower end of the limiting block 18 abuts against the inclined surface of the pressing block 1401.

[0038] When the hydraulic cylinder 10 is activated, its piston rod 11 extends, pushing the sliding block 8 to slide along the track groove 7, which in turn drives the support rod 9 to adjust its angle, forming a stable triangular support with the telescopic bracket 3. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 13, and the hydraulic fluid drives the piston rod 1301 to slide the movable plate 14. The pressing block 1401 at the lower end of the movable plate 14 pushes the limiting block 18 to slide, which drives the abutment plate 15 to adjust its posture through the connecting rod 16. With the elastic buffer of the adjusting spring 17, the abutment plate 15 adapts to the rock wall through the ball joint structure, thus completing the support.

[0039] As one embodiment of the present invention, the pre-cleaning mechanism includes a movable frame 19, which is elastically limited and slidably mounted on the connecting frame 6. Two sets of movable frames 19 are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear, and air blowing ports 20 are rotatably mounted on the movable frame 19 at equal angles.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present invention, a toothed block 21 is provided at an equal angle on the rear side of the air inlet 20, a rack 22 is fixedly installed inside the connecting frame 6, the toothed block 21 meshes with the rack 22, and an impact block 23 is fixedly installed on the movable frame 19.

[0041] As one embodiment of the present invention, the pre-cleaning mechanism further includes a rotating shaft 24, which is rotatably mounted in the connecting bracket 6. A rotating cam 25 is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 24, and the impact block 23 is located on the rotation stroke of the rotating cam 25. The rear end of the rotating shaft 24 contacts the friction strip 26 on the movable plate 14 through a silicone material.

[0042] When the movable plate 14 slides, it causes the friction strip 26 to contact the silicone material at the rear end of the rotating shaft 24, driving the rotating shaft 24 to rotate, which in turn causes the rotating cam 25 to rotate, pushing the movable frame 19 to slide elastically. Simultaneously, the air inlet 20 on the movable frame 19 operates, engaging with the toothed block 21 and the rack 22 to adjust the air blowing angle and clean the residual debris from the rock wall surface. At the same time, the movable frame 19 drives the air inlet 20 to reciprocate, using airflow to clean away debris and dust, creating a flat surface for the side support plate 5 to abut, ensuring a tight fit between the side support plate 5 and the rock wall, and improving support stability.

[0043] Working principle: After the device is in place, the electric push rods 2 symmetrically arranged on the installation base 1 are activated. The top end of the electric push rod 2 pushes the upper top plate 4 to rise and fall, and at the same time drives the telescopic bracket 3 to extend and retract synchronously. According to the height of the underground tunnel top plate, it is adjusted to a suitable support position. The side support plates 5 rotatably connected on both sides of the upper top plate 4 can adjust the rotation angle according to the angle of the underground tunnel side wall to initially adapt to the side wall support requirements.

[0044] During the lifting and support process of the device, the telescopic bracket 3 rises and pulls the support rod 9 to move, forming a stable triangular support structure with the telescopic bracket 3, which effectively resists the overturning and lateral movement of the device, thereby driving the sliding block 8 to move along the track groove 7. The sliding block 8 squeezes the piston rod 11, thereby causing the oil inside the oil cylinder 10 to flow through the infusion hose to the oil cylinder 13, driving the piston rod 1301 of the oil cylinder 13 to extend and retract, thereby driving the movable plate 14 to slide elastically along the connecting frame 6.

[0045] During the sliding process of the movable plate 14, the triangular pressing block 1401 connected to its lower end by the rod moves synchronously. The inclined surface of the pressing block 1401 abuts against the limiting block 18, pushing the limiting block 18 to slide along the connecting frame 6. The limiting block 18 compresses the extension and retraction of the adjusting spring 17, changing the pressing force of the adjusting spring 17 on the connecting rod 16 to adapt to the underground cave conditions at different heights. At the same time, the abutting plate 15 is connected in the connecting frame 6 through a ball joint, which can adapt to the change of the inclination angle of the underground cave rock wall. Under the pre-tightening force of the adjusting spring 17, the abutting plate 15 fits tightly against the uneven rock wall, realizing the transformation from point contact to surface contact, avoiding local suspension and uneven load, and improving the abutting stability.

[0046] When the movable plate 14 slides, the friction strip 26 on its surface contacts the silicone material at the rear end of the rotating shaft 24, causing the rotating shaft 24 to rotate within the connecting frame 6. The rotating cam 25 on the rotating shaft 24 rotates synchronously. During the rotation of the rotating cam 25, it strikes the impact block 23 on the movable frame 19, pushing the movable frame 19 to slide back and forth along the connecting frame 6 with elastic limit. When the movable frame 19 slides, the air inlet 20 rotatably installed on it meshes with the rack 22 inside the connecting frame 6 through the toothed block 21 on the rear side, causing the air inlet 20 to rotate at equal angles, expanding the blowing range, and thoroughly blowing away residual gravel, loose rocks, and dust on the surface of the underground cave wall. This creates clean and flat conditions for the side support plate 5 to abut, avoiding debris from affecting the abutment effect. After the pre-cleaning is completed, the side support plate 5 can abut against the rock wall more tightly, and all mechanisms remain stable, achieving reliable protective support for the underground cave.

[0047] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A protective support device for underground tunnel construction, comprising a mounting base (1), characterized in that: Electric push rods (2) are symmetrically arranged on the mounting base (1). Telescopic brackets (3) are installed on the mounting base (1). The top end of the electric push rod (2) is connected to the top plate (4). Side support plates (5) are rotatably connected to both sides of the top plate (4). A connecting frame (6) is fixedly installed on the top plate (4). A track groove (7) is opened on the mounting base (1). A support and protection mechanism is provided on the mounting base (1). The support and protection mechanism is used to improve the stability of the device contact. The support and protection mechanism includes a sliding block (8). The sliding block (8) is slidably installed in the track groove (7). A support rod (9) is rotatably installed on the sliding block (8). The other end of the support rod (9) is rotatably connected to the telescopic bracket (3). The supporting and protective mechanism also includes an abutment plate (15), which is connected to the connecting frame (6) by a ball joint. Connecting rods (16) are movably installed at the four corners of the abutment plate (15). The lower end of the connecting rod (16) is movably inside the connecting frame (6), and the lower end of the connecting rod (16) is connected to an adjusting spring (17). A pre-cleaning mechanism is provided on the connecting frame (6). The pre-cleaning mechanism is used to improve the support effect of the side support plate (5) and enhance the stability of the device. The pre-cleaning mechanism includes a movable frame (19), which is elastically limited and slidably mounted on the connecting frame (6). Two sets of movable frames (19) are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear. Air inlets (20) are rotatably mounted on the movable frame (19) at equal angles. Impact blocks (23) are fixedly mounted on the movable frame (19). The pre-cleaning mechanism also includes a rotating shaft (24), which is rotatably mounted in the connecting frame (6). A rotating cam (25) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (24). The impact block (23) is located on the rotation stroke of the rotating cam (25). The rear end of the rotating shaft (24) contacts the friction strip (26) on the movable plate (14) through silicone material. The movable plate (14) is elastically limited and slidably installed inside the connecting frame (6).

2. The protective support device for underground tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base (1) is equipped with an oil cylinder (10), and the piston rod (11) on the oil cylinder (10) is set in the track groove (7). A pressure spring (12) is surrounded on the outside of the piston rod (11), and one end of the pressure spring (12) is installed on the inner wall of the track groove (7).

3. A protective support device for underground tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piston rod (11) abuts against the sliding block (8), and the oil cylinder (10) is connected to the oil cylinder (13) through the infusion hose. There are two oil cylinders (13) symmetrically arranged inside the connecting frame (6).

4. A protective support device for underground tunnel construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The piston rod 2 (1301) on the oil cylinder 2 (13) is connected to a movable plate (14) at its top end. The lower end of the movable plate (14) is connected to a pressing block (1401) via a rod. The pressing block (1401) is triangular in side view.

5. A protective support device for underground tunnel construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The other end of the adjusting spring (17) is connected to a limiting block (18), which is slidably installed inside the connecting frame (6). The lower end of the limiting block (18) abuts against the inclined surface of the extrusion block (1401).

6. A protective support device for underground tunnel construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air inlet (20) is provided with toothed blocks (21) at equal angles on its rear side, and a rack (22) is fixedly installed inside the connecting frame (6), and the toothed blocks (21) mesh with the rack (22).

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