Modular heavy load spherical bearing structure and application method
The modular design of the heavy-duty spherical bearing structure solves the problem that existing heavy-duty spherical bearings cannot be reused, enabling the disassembly and replacement of bearings, reducing resource waste, and improving the disassembly and flexibility of equipment.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- CHINA RAILWAY NO 10 ENG GRP CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-31
AI Technical Summary
Existing heavy-duty spherical bearings are disposable embedded structures that cannot be reused, resulting in a waste of resources.
The design incorporates a modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure, which allows for the disassembly and replacement of the bearing through detachable housing assembly and support connections, enabling reuse.
This enables the reuse of heavy-duty spherical bearings, reduces resource waste, and improves the disassembly and flexibility of equipment.
Smart Images
Figure CN122328450B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure and its application method, and pertains to the field of spherical bearing technology. Background Technology
[0002] Heavy-duty spherical bearings are special rotating connection components designed specifically for high-load conditions. With their unique structural advantages, they have become indispensable core connectors in large-scale engineering and heavy equipment applications. Heavy-duty spherical bearings typically consist of two rotating spherical components that can rotate around a center under load, preventing jamming. Currently, most heavy-duty spherical bearings on the market are one-time embedded designs used in civil engineering construction. These bearings are often designed as permanent structural components, permanently fixed to the overall engineering structure after construction, and cannot be reused. Even in large equipment applications, many heavy-duty spherical bearings are welded to the main structure of the equipment. Once the equipment is scrapped and dismantled, the bearings cannot be completely removed and reused, resulting in significant resource waste. Summary of the Invention
[0003] The purpose of this invention is to design a reusable modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure.
[0004] This invention includes a base and a spherical bearing mounted on the base. The spherical bearing includes an upper bearing and a lower bearing. A rotating shaft is mounted on the base, and the upper and lower bearings are located around the rotating shaft. A lower support plate is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base. The lower bearing includes at least two housing assemblies arranged circumferentially on the lower support plate along the rotating shaft. Each housing assembly includes an upper housing and a lower housing with opposite openings that fit together. The housing assembly is filled with sand. The bottom plate of the lower housing is connected to the vertical panel of the lower housing by bolts, and a sand outlet with a cover is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the lower housing. A detachable connection structure is provided between the outer surface of the vertical panel of the lower housing and the lower support plate. The upper bearing consists of at least two support members distributed circumferentially along the rotating shaft and connected to each other by a detachable connection structure. The upper surface of the upper housing and the lower surface of the support members are spherical mating surfaces. An upper bracket is provided above the support members, and an upper support plate is provided at the bottom of the upper bracket. The top plate of the support members and the upper support plate are positioned to each other by a set of pins mounted on the upper support plate and inserted into the top plate from top to bottom.
[0005] Furthermore, in the same box assembly, the lower box is fixedly connected to two parts. The upper port of the lower box is provided with an inwardly folded positioning protrusion, and the outer surface of the upright plate of the upper box is provided with a groove. The positioning protrusion of the lower box is located in the groove, and the difference between the height of the groove and the height of the positioning protrusion is less than the difference between the distance from the upper end of the sand outlet and the height of the lower plate surface of the groove.
[0006] Furthermore, each pin extends downward into the top plate of the support member, and the difference between the height of the groove and the height of the positioning protrusion is greater than the length of the pin extending downward. At least on the top plate and the upper support plate, near their circumferential and radial edges, pin holes are provided, in which pins are installed.
[0007] Furthermore, the upper surface of the bottom plate of the lower box is an inclined surface or a group of inclined surfaces that slope towards the sand outlet.
[0008] Furthermore, the support member includes a lower plate with a spherical lower surface and a top plate above it, with a rib plate fixedly connected between the lower plate and the top plate.
[0009] Furthermore, the rib includes a radial rib and a circumferential rib fixedly connected to the radial rib, with a gap between the two ends of the circumferential rib and the edge of the lower plate.
[0010] Furthermore, the bottom plate of the lower housing is composed of a set of strip plates arranged radially, and each strip plate is connected to the vertical panel of the lower housing by bolts; among adjacent strip plates, the edge of one strip plate presses on the edge of another strip plate.
[0011] Furthermore, an upward-facing upper protrusion is provided on the outer periphery of the upper surface of the upper housing, and the lower plate of the support member is located inside the upper protrusion.
[0012] Furthermore, it includes replacement parts in the same number as the box assembly. Each replacement part includes a replacement box with an opening at the top and a replacement bracket located above the replacement box. The overall external dimensions of the replacement box and the replacement bracket are not greater than the overall external dimensions of the box assembly and the support components. The replacement bracket includes a lower support box and an upper frame. A filling port is provided near the outer periphery on the bottom plate of the support box. The support box includes a frame bottom plate that fits with the inner wall of the replacement box. A frame top plate is supported on the upper surface of the support box bottom plate by the frame. A limiting mechanism is provided between the replacement bracket and the replacement box to maintain the distance between the replacement bracket and the bottom surface of the replacement box. The box assembly and the support components have the same lateral shape and number, and their vertical positions correspond.
[0013] An application method for a modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure, employing the aforementioned modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure, includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the base with the lower support plate and the annular slide around the base. During the installation process, level the lower support plate and the annular slide, and then install the upper bracket support on the annular slide. Step 2: Prefabricate the various box assemblies: Assemble the upper and lower boxes, ensuring the bottom end of the lower box faces upwards, and seal the sand outlet with a cap; after maximizing the space formed by the upper and lower boxes, fill them with sand and compact it until it is flush with the bottom end of the lower box, ensuring the same pressure is applied to each box assembly; install and secure the bottom plate of the lower box. Step 3: Install the rotating shaft onto the base, and arrange the various box assemblies on the base around the rotating shaft. Fix the various box assemblies to the base through the connecting structure. During this process, adjust the consistency of the upper surface of each box assembly and make its upper surface coaxial with the rotating shaft. Step 4: Install lubrication mechanisms and lubricating materials on the upper surface of each box assembly; Step 5: Install the support components around the shaft and make their lower surfaces coaxial with the shaft. Adjust the support components using the detachable connection structure between adjacent support components. Step 6: Place the upper bracket on the support, so that the outer periphery of the upper bracket mates with the upper support component; and install a pin shaft from top to bottom in the pin hole between the upper bearing plate of the upper bracket and the top plate of the support component; place the object to be rotated above the upper bracket. Step 7: External power drives the support components and upper bracket to complete the rotation; Step 8: Open the covers of each box assembly to allow the sand to flow out, thereby lowering the upper box and support components until the support components disengage from the pins. Step 9: Open the connection structure between the base and the lower box and the detachable connection structure between each support component; remove the box assembly and support components, or further install replacement components corresponding to the removed box assembly, and install liquid support materials in the replacement box; Step 10: Secure the replacement part to the base and upper bracket.
[0014] The lower bearing in this invention is composed of multiple housing assemblies, and the upper bearing is composed of support members in the same number as the housing assemblies. When disassembling the spherical bearing, the individual housing assemblies and support members can be moved down by releasing the filler inside the housing assembly for disassembly. After disassembly, the corresponding replacement parts are installed to ensure support for the object to be rotated, thus realizing the reuse of the heavy-duty spherical bearing structure. Attached Figure Description
[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 4 for Figure 3A cross-sectional view of the middle support component along the BB direction; Figure 5 for Figure 3 Structural diagram of the middle support component; Figure 6 for Figure 1 Top view of the lower and middle bearing section; Figure 7 for Figure 3 Bottom view of the lower and middle box structure; Figure 8 for Figure 6 Bottom view of the lower middle box after the strip panels have been removed; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Structural diagram of the midsole plate. Among them, (a) is the bottom view of the entire base plate; (b) is a schematic diagram of a strip plate structure; (c) is an exploded view of the base plate; Figure 10 This is a front sectional view of a replacement part corresponding to a box assembly and support member in an embodiment of the present invention; The components are as follows: 1. Base, 2. Sleeve, 3. Lower support plate, 4. Lower bearing, 5. Lower housing, 6. Upper housing, 7. Positioning flange, 8. Base plate, 9. Strip plate, 10. Sand outlet, 11. Positioning slide rail, 12. Slide groove, 13. Rotating shaft, 14. Upper bearing, 15. Support component, 16. Lower plate, 17. Rib plate, 18. Radial rib plate, 19. Circumferential rib plate, 20. Top plate, 21. Upper bracket, 22. Upper support plate, 23. Pin, 24. Pin hole, 25. Upper flange, 26. Slide plate, 27. Support cylinder, 28. Replacement housing, 29. Support housing, 30. Frame, 31. Frame top plate, 32. Filling port, 33. Connecting seat. Detailed Implementation
[0016] by Figure 1 The directions described in this embodiment are up, down, left, right, front, and back.
[0017] As shown in the figure, this embodiment includes a base 1, which is composed of a steel frame. A lower support plate 3 is provided on the upper surface of the base 1, and the lower support plate 3 is fixed to the base 1 by welding. A through hole is provided at the center of the lower support plate 3, and a sleeve 2 is provided below the through hole and fixedly connected to the lower surface of the lower support plate 3. A rotating shaft 13 is provided in the sleeve 2, and the lower part of the rotating shaft 13 is placed in the sleeve 2 and movably connected to it. A spherical bearing is provided around the upper part of the rotating shaft 13. The spherical bearing is composed of a lower bearing 4 and an upper bearing 14. The lower bearing 4 includes multiple housing assemblies. In this embodiment, six housing assemblies are provided. Each housing assembly is located above the lower support plate 3 and distributed along the circumference of the rotating shaft 13.
[0018] Each housing assembly includes a lower housing 5 and an upper housing 6. Openings are provided on the opposing surfaces of the two housings, and the upper part of the lower housing 5 is fitted onto the outer periphery of the upper housing 6. The upper end of the lower housing 5 has an inwardly folded positioning protrusion 7. The outer surface of the upright portion of the upper housing 6 has a groove that matches the positioning protrusion 7. The positioning protrusion 7 of the lower housing 5 is positioned within the groove of the upper housing 6 and can slide up and down along the groove. In this embodiment, the lower housing 5 is a split structure, composed of two parts joined together to fit the lower housing 5 onto the outer periphery of the upper housing 6. The parts of the lower housing 5 are generally fixed by welding. A notch can be provided on the positioning protrusion 7 at the upper end of the lower housing 5, making the positioning protrusion 7 segmented. This segmented design can limit the vertical movement of the upper housing 6, reducing the material required for the positioning protrusion 7. The bottom plate 8 of the lower housing 5 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the vertical panel of the lower housing 5 by bolts. The bottom plate 8 consists of a group of strip plates 9 arranged radially. In this embodiment, the bottom plate 8 consists of six strip plates 9. The strip plates 9 on both the inner and outer sides are connected to the vertical panel of the lower housing 5 by bolts. In this embodiment, the side closer to the rotating shaft 13 is defined as the inner side, and the side further away is defined as the outer side. The lower ends of the vertical panels on both the inner and outer sides of the lower housing 5 are provided with protrusions extending into the inner cavity of the lower housing 5 to connect with the strip plates 9. Except for the outermost strip plate 9, the remaining strip plates 9 are all in a "Z"-shaped bending structure. Among the adjacent strip plates 9, the edge of the outer strip plate 9 presses against the edge of the inner strip plate 9, and the edge contact part is connected by bolts, which increases the sealing effect between the strip plates 9. In use, sand can be filled into the housing assembly at the bottom of the lower housing 5 to move the upper housing 6 to the upper limit position. After filling, the bottom plate 8 is installed to close the lower housing 5. A sand outlet 10 is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the lower box 5. The sand outlet 10 is connected to the inner cavity of the lower box 5, allowing the upper box to move downward by releasing sand from the box assembly. In this embodiment, the difference between the height of the upper box 6 and the height of the positioning protrusion 7 is less than the height difference between the upper end of the sand outlet 10 and the lower plate surface of the groove of the upper box 6, which can prevent the upper box 6 from blocking the sand outlet 10 when moving downward. When the upper box 6 moves to the upper limit position, the height from the top of the groove of the upper box 6 to the upper surface of the positioning protrusion 7 is a, and the height from the lower plate surface of the groove of the upper box 6 to the upper end of the sand outlet 10 is b, where a < b.
[0019] A set of positioning slide rails 11 is provided on the upper surface of the lower support plate 3 along the circumference of the rotating shaft 13. The number of positioning slide rails 11 matches the number of housing assemblies. Slide grooves 12 matching the positioning slide rails 11 are provided on the lower surface of the bottom plate 8 and the upper panel of each lower housing 5. These grooves provide positioning and guidance during the installation of the housing assemblies, preventing misalignment during installation. The outer surface of the upper panel of each lower housing 5 is connected to the lower support plate 3 via a detachable connection structure. In this embodiment, lugs and bolts are used to install the lower housing 5 onto the lower support plate 3.
[0020] In this embodiment, the upper surface of the base plate 8 is an inclined surface that gradually decreases in height towards the sand outlet 10. Multiple inclined surfaces that slope towards the sand outlet 10 can also be added at the front and back to improve the efficiency of sand discharge.
[0021] The upper bearing 14 is composed of multiple support members 15 distributed circumferentially along the rotating shaft 13. The number of support members 15 corresponds to the number of housing units. In this embodiment, six support members are provided. Each support member 15 includes a lower plate 16 with a spherical lower surface and a top plate 20 disposed above the lower plate 16. The lower surface of the lower plate 16 and the upper surface of the upper housing 6 are spherical mating surfaces. The outer periphery of the upper housing 6 is provided with an upward-facing upper protrusion 25. The lower plate 16 of the support member 15 is located inside the upper protrusion 25 and can play a limiting role when the support member 15 is installed. A rib 17 is provided between the lower plate 16 and the top plate 20. The upper and lower ends of the rib 17 are fixedly connected to the lower plate 16 and the top plate 20, respectively. The rib 17 includes a radial rib 18 and multiple arc-shaped circumferential ribs 19 fixedly connected to the radial ribs 18. A gap is left between the two ends of each circumferential rib 19 and the lower plate 16.
[0022] In this embodiment, the lower plate 16 on the adjacent side of each support member 15 is provided with an upwardly protruding connecting seat 33. The connecting seats 33 on each lower plate 16 are in corresponding positions. In use, the support members 15 can be connected to each other by screwing bolts into the connecting seats 33, which improves the stability of the upper bearing 14 during rotation.
[0023] In this embodiment, a sliding plate 26 is installed on the upper surface of the upper housing 6 to reduce the friction between the upper and lower bearings. In practical applications, conventional lubricant can be filled between the upper and lower bearings and on the sliding plate 26.
[0024] An upper bracket 21 is provided above the support member 15. The upper bracket 21 is composed of steel frames, and an upper support plate 22 is fixedly installed at its bottom. A set of pins 23 installed from top to bottom is provided on the upper support plate 22. Pin holes 24 are provided on the top plate 20 and the upper support plate 22 near their circumferential and radial edges. Each pin 23 extends downward into the top plate 20 of the support member 15, which can play a positioning role when the support member 15 is installed. The difference between the height of the groove of the upper housing 6 and the height of the positioning protrusion 7 is greater than the length of the downward extension of the pins 23. When the upper housing 6 moves down to the lower limit, the top plate 20 can be disengaged from the pins 23, and the support member 15 can be removed together with the housing assembly.
[0025] The upper bracket 21 is provided with a support cylinder 27 fixedly connected to it on its outer periphery. The lower surface of the support cylinder 27 cooperates with the annular slide to play an auxiliary support role. The aforementioned annular slide and support cylinder 27 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.
[0026] In this embodiment, replacement parts are provided in the same number as the box assembly. After disassembling one box assembly and support member 15, replacement parts need to be installed to support the object to be transferred. The replacement parts include a replacement box 28 and a replacement bracket set above the replacement box 28. The replacement box 28 has an open top and fits onto the outer periphery of the lower part of the replacement bracket. The replacement bracket includes a bracket box 29 and a frame 30. The bottom plate of the frame at the bottom of the bracket box 29 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the replacement box 28. The flat plate structure at the top of the bottom plate of the frame is the bottom plate of the bracket box 29. The frame 30 is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the bracket box 29, and a top plate 31 is connected to the frame 30. In this embodiment, the structure of the frame 30 is similar to that of the rib plate 17, and will not be described in detail here. A steel frame structure can also be used. A filling port 32 is provided on the upper surface of the bottom plate of the bracket box 29 near its outer periphery for conveying filling materials such as sand into the replacement box 28, so that the bracket box 29 moves upward. A limiting mechanism is provided between the support box 29 and the replacement box 28 of the replacement bracket. The limiting mechanism is an inwardly folded step surface at the bottom of the support box 29, used to maintain the distance between the replacement bracket and the bottom surface of the replacement box 28. The bottom surface of the inner cavity of the replacement box 28 is a slope that gradually decreases in height towards the inside, so as to transport the sand discharged from the filling port 32 to the inside of the replacement box 28. In this embodiment, the overall outline dimensions of the replacement box 28 and the replacement bracket are smaller than the overall outline dimensions of the box assembly and the support components. After each replacement component is installed, a gap is left between adjacent replacement components. If concrete is poured, the concrete will flow along the gap, solidifying the replacement components into one piece to ensure the support strength after pouring.
[0027] The lower surface of the replacement housing 28 is provided with a groove that matches the positioning slide rail 11, which allows the replacement part to be slidably installed on the upper part of the lower support plate 3 along the positioning slide rail 11; the outer periphery of the replacement housing 28 is fixedly connected to the lower support plate 3 by means of connecting parts such as lugs and bolts.
[0028] Each frame top plate 31 is provided with a reserved hole corresponding to the position of the pin hole 24. When the frame top plate 31 moves upward, each pin 23 can extend into the reserved hole, so as to avoid the pin 23 from obstructing the installation of each replacement part.
[0029] The 32 filling ports can be sealed using structures such as caps and valves. The sealing structure is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.
[0030] In this embodiment, the application of heavy-duty spherical bearings includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the base 1 with the lower support plate 3 and the annular slide around the base 1. Level the lower support plate 3 and the annular slide during the installation process. Then, install the support components of the upper bracket, such as the support cylinder 27, on the annular slide.
[0031] Step 2: Prefabricate the various box assemblies: Assemble the upper box 6 and the lower box 5, with the lower end of the lower box 5 facing upwards and the sand outlet 10 sealed by a cap; after adjusting the space formed by the upper box 6 and the lower box 5 to its maximum, fill the upper box 6 and the lower box 5 with sand and compact the sand so that it is flush with the lower end of the lower box 5. The pressure applied during compaction should be the same for each box assembly; install and secure the bottom plate of the lower box 5.
[0032] Step 3: Install the rotating shaft 13 into the lower sleeve 2 of the base 1, and arrange each housing assembly on the base 1 around the rotating shaft 13. Secure each housing assembly to the base 1 using connecting structures such as lugs and bolts. During this process, adjust the consistency of the upper surface of each housing assembly and ensure that its upper surface is coaxial with the rotating shaft 13. If there is a deviation in the upper surface of each housing assembly, shims can be added under the housing assembly for fine adjustment.
[0033] Step 4: Install a lubrication mechanism and lubricating material on the upper surface of each box assembly; In this embodiment, a sliding plate 26 is installed sequentially on the upper surface of each box assembly. The sliding plate 26 adopts an existing product, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.
[0034] Step 5: Install each support member 15 around the rotating shaft 13, and make its lower surface coaxial with the rotating shaft 13. Adjust it using the detachable connection structure between adjacent support members.
[0035] Step 6: Place the upper bracket 21 on the support member 15, so that the outer periphery of the upper bracket 21 mates with the upper support member such as the support cylinder 27; and install the pin 23 from top to bottom in the pin hole 24 between the upper bearing plate 22 of the upper bracket 21 and the top plate 20 of the support member 15 to complete the assembly of the spherical bearing. After the assembly is completed, adjust the rotation position of the upper bearing 14 according to the required rotation angle so that after the upper bearing 14 is rotated, each support member 15 can be aligned with the housing; after the adjustment is completed, place the object to be rotated above the upper bracket 21.
[0036] Step 7: Rotation is achieved by driving the support 15 and the upper bracket 21 with external power.
[0037] Step 8: Open the covers of each box assembly in sequence to allow sand to flow out of the sand outlet 10, thereby causing the upper box 6 and the support 15 to descend until the support 15 disengages from each pin 23.
[0038] Step 9: Open the connection structure between the base 1 and the lower box 5, as well as the connecting seats 33 between each support 15; remove the box assembly and support 15, and after removal, further install replacement parts corresponding to the removed box assembly, and install liquid support material inside the replacement box 28; in this embodiment, sand or concrete is used. When filling sand or concrete, a vibration device can be installed on the outer surface of the replacement box 28 so that the filled support material can be evenly filled in the inner cavity of the replacement box 28, avoiding gaps that would affect its support strength; during the filling process, excess gas in the inner cavity of the replacement box 28 will be discharged along the sliding contact surface between the replacement box 28 and the replacement bracket. As the support material is filled, the replacement bracket will continue to rise, and the pin 23 will extend into the reserved hole on the top plate 31 of the frame until the top plate 31 of the frame is close to the upper support plate 22, which can provide support for the upper support plate 22; after it is in place, the filling port 32 needs to be sealed.
[0039] When dismantling individual box assemblies and supporting components, temporary support is required using jacks on their periphery to ensure support for the upper support plate 22 and the object to be moved.
[0040] When filling the support, a lifting mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder can be used at the replacement bracket of the replacement part to lift the replacement bracket until it is close to the upper support plate 22 before filling the fluid support. This can reduce filling resistance and improve filling efficiency.
[0041] Step 10: After the replacement part is installed, it needs to be fixedly connected to the base 1 by means of supports, bolts and other structures. The top plate 31 of the frame of the replacement part is fixed by the pins 23 that extend into it.
Claims
1. A modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure, comprising a base and a spherical bearing mounted on the base, the spherical bearing comprising an upper bearing and a lower bearing, a rotating shaft mounted on the base, the upper bearing and the lower bearing located around the rotating shaft, characterized in that: The upper surface of the base is fixedly provided with a lower support plate; the lower bearing includes at least two box assemblies arranged circumferentially on the lower support plate along the axis of rotation, each box assembly including an upper box and a lower box with opposite openings and fitted together, the box assembly is filled with sand, the bottom plate of the lower box is connected to the vertical panel of the lower box by bolts, and a sand outlet with a cover is provided on the outer circumferential surface of the lower box; a detachable connection structure is provided between the outer surface of the vertical panel of the lower box and the lower support plate; the upper bearing consists of at least two support members distributed circumferentially along the axis of rotation and connected to each other by a detachable connection structure, the upper surface of the upper box and the lower surface of the support member are spherical mating surfaces; an upper bracket is provided above the support member, an upper support plate is provided at the bottom of the upper bracket, and the top plate of the support member and the upper support plate are mutually positioned by a set of pins installed on the upper support plate and inserted into the top plate from top to bottom.
2. The modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the same box assembly, the lower box is fixedly connected to two parts. The upper port of the lower box is provided with an inwardly folded positioning protrusion. The outer surface of the upright plate of the upper box is provided with a groove. The positioning protrusion of the lower box is located in the groove. The difference between the height of the groove and the height of the positioning protrusion is less than the difference between the distance from the upper end of the sand outlet and the height of the lower plate surface of the groove.
3. The modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each pin extends downward into the top plate of the support member. The difference between the height of the groove and the height of the positioning protrusion is greater than the length of the pin extending downward. At least on the top plate and the upper support plate, near their circumferential and radial edges, there are pin holes in which pins are installed.
4. The modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The upper surface of the bottom plate of the lower box is a slope or a group of slopes that are inclined towards the sand outlet.
5. The modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The support member includes a lower plate with a spherical lower surface and a top plate above it, with a rib plate fixedly connected between the lower plate and the top plate.
6. The modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rib includes a radial rib and a circumferential rib fixedly connected to the radial rib, with a gap between the two ends of the circumferential rib and the edge of the lower plate.
7. The modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: The bottom plate of the lower housing consists of a set of strip plates arranged radially. Each strip plate is connected to the vertical panel of the lower housing by bolts. In adjacent strip plates, the edge of one strip plate overlaps the edge of another strip plate.
8. The modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: An upward-facing upper protrusion is provided on the outer periphery of the upper surface of the upper housing, and the lower plate of the support member is located inside the upper protrusion.
9. The modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that: It includes replacement parts in the same number as the box assembly. Each replacement part includes a replacement box with an opening at the top and a replacement bracket located above the replacement box. The overall external dimensions of the replacement box and the replacement bracket are not greater than the overall external dimensions of the box assembly and the support components. The replacement bracket includes a lower support box and an upper frame. A filling port is provided on the bottom plate of the support box near the outer periphery. The support box includes a frame bottom plate that fits with the inner wall of the replacement box. A frame top plate is supported on the upper surface of the support box bottom plate by the frame. A limiting mechanism is provided between the replacement bracket and the replacement box to maintain the distance between the replacement bracket and the bottom surface of the replacement box. The box assembly and the support components have the same lateral shape and number, and their vertical positions correspond.
10. An application method for a modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure, characterized by: The modular heavy-duty spherical bearing structure according to claim 9 includes the following steps: Step 1: Install the base with the lower support plate and the annular slide around the base. During the installation process, level the lower support plate and the annular slide, and then install the upper bracket support on the annular slide. Step 2: Prefabricate the various box assemblies: Assemble the upper and lower boxes, ensuring the bottom end of the lower box faces upwards, and seal the sand outlet with a cap; after maximizing the space formed by the upper and lower boxes, fill them with sand and compact it until it is flush with the bottom end of the lower box, ensuring the same pressure is applied to each box assembly; install and secure the bottom plate of the lower box. Step 3: Install the rotating shaft onto the base, and arrange the various box assemblies on the base around the rotating shaft. Fix the various box assemblies to the base through the connecting structure. During this process, adjust the consistency of the upper surface of each box assembly and make its upper surface coaxial with the rotating shaft. Step 4: Install lubrication mechanisms and lubricating materials on the upper surface of each box assembly; Step 5: Install the support components around the shaft and make their lower surfaces coaxial with the shaft. Adjust the support components using the detachable connection structure between adjacent support components. Step 6: Place the upper bracket on the support, so that the outer periphery of the upper bracket mates with the upper support component; and install a pin shaft from top to bottom in the pin hole between the upper bearing plate of the upper bracket and the top plate of the support component; place the object to be rotated above the upper bracket. Step 7: External power drives the support components and upper bracket to complete the rotation; Step 8: Open the covers of each box assembly to allow the sand to flow out, thereby lowering the upper box and support components until the support components disengage from the pins. Step 9: Open the connection structure between the base and the lower box and the detachable connection structure between each support component; remove the box assembly and support components, or further install replacement components corresponding to the removed box assembly, and install liquid support materials in the replacement box; Step 10: Secure the replacement part to the base and upper bracket.