A magnetocaloric phase change plate and its application in magnetocaloric cooling components

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of phase change thermal energy storage technology, and more particularly to a magnetocaloric phase change plate and its application in magnetocaloric cooling components. The plate includes a base plate with fins fixedly attached inside. A cover plate is also fixedly attached to the base plate, and the cover plate and base plate constitute the shell structure of the phase change plate. The shell is filled with a phase change medium. Multiple pressure relief holes are provided on the base plate, and pressure relief airbags are installed within these holes. When the phase change medium expands, it can push outwards against the pressure relief airbags. The pressure relief airbags serve as elastic buffer interfaces for the expansion of the phase change medium. A pressure control component is provided on the base plate to control the expansion degree of the pressure relief airbags. This invention uses multiple pressure relief airbags arranged on the surface of the phase change plate and communicating with its interior as elastic buffer interfaces for the expansion of the phase change medium. Adjustable pressure control airbags with adjustable expansion sizes are arranged outside each pressure relief airbag as distributed elastic limiting and flow equalization driving sources.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of phase change thermal energy storage technology, and in particular to a magnetocaloric phase change plate and its application in magnetocaloric cooling components. Background Technology

[0002] Phase change thermal energy storage technology, as a key link to address the spatial and temporal mismatch between thermal energy supply and demand, has been increasingly widely used in fields such as thermal management of electronic equipment, temperature control of power batteries for new energy vehicles, and thermal protection in aerospace. Organic solid-liquid phase change materials, represented by n-octadecane, have become the core working fluid in medium and low temperature thermal control scenarios due to their high phase change enthalpy, stable chemical properties, and suitable phase change temperature. However, these materials will undergo a volume change of about 10% during the phase change process.

[0003] Existing phase change thermal energy storage technologies still face structural and functional defects when dealing with periodic solid-liquid phase changes. On the one hand, traditional rigid fin-cover brazed structures impose zero-yield hard constraints on the expansion of the phase change material. The vacuum cavity formed by the solidification and contraction of the phase change material and the high-pressure stress generated by the melting and expansion act alternately on the metal skeleton, causing the thin-walled fins and brazed joints to be in a low-cycle fatigue state, which can easily induce local pressure bulging, interface desoldering, or even working fluid leakage. At the same time, the periodic deformation of the phase change plate surface due to cavity collapse causes fluctuations in the mechanical bonding interface with the condenser end of the heat pipe, weakening the stability of the heat transfer link between the heat pipe and the phase change plate. On the other hand, due to the low thermal conductivity of the phase change material and the non-uniform advancement of the melting front affected by local heat flux density, the phase change material in the overheated region melts and expands first, while the low-temperature solid region still maintains high flow resistance, resulting in an uneven distribution of the liquid phase change material in the cavity, significantly reducing the effective thermal storage capacity and temperature uniformity of the device.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a phase change plate that can effectively adapt to the volume change of solid-liquid phase change materials and ensure the uniform distribution of phase change materials within the cavity. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a magnetocaloric phase change plate and its application in magnetocaloric cooling components.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a magnetocaloric phase change plate, comprising a base plate, fins fixedly connected inside the base plate, and a cover plate fixedly connected to the base plate. The cover plate and the base plate constitute the shell structure of the phase change plate. The shell is filled with a phase change medium. The base plate is provided with multiple pressure relief holes, and pressure relief airbags are installed in the pressure relief holes. When the phase change medium expands in volume, it can squeeze the pressure relief airbags outward. The pressure relief airbags serve as elastic buffer interfaces for the expansion of the phase change medium. The base plate is provided with a pressure control component, which can control the expansion degree of the pressure relief airbags, promote the uniform distribution of the phase change medium into each pressure relief airbag, and achieve uniform force distribution to each pressure relief airbag.

[0007] Optionally, the pressure control component includes a pressure control cover mounted on a base plate. The pressure control cover is equipped with a pressure control airbag, and each pressure relief airbag corresponds to one pressure control airbag. When the pressure relief airbag expands outward, it can contact the pressure control airbag. The elastic pressure generated by the pressure control airbag causes the liquid phase change medium to flow to other pressure relief airbags with lower resistance. A pressure control pipe is connected to the pressure control airbag. The gas source device fills the pressure control airbag with gas through the pressure control pipe. By controlling the air intake, the expansion volume of the pressure control airbag is adjusted, and the initial gap and contact stiffness between the pressure control airbag and the pressure relief airbag are changed, thereby actively regulating the resistance threshold and flow uniformity of the phase change expansion.

[0008] Optionally, the pressure control tube is provided with an internal pressure relief hole, and a pressure relief ring is fixedly installed above the pressure control cover. The pressure relief ring is provided with an external pressure relief hole. When the pressure control airbag contracts, it can push the pressure control tube upward, so that the internal pressure relief hole and the external pressure relief hole can be connected to release the gas inside the pressure control airbag. A spring is sleeved on the pressure control tube to push it to reset.

[0009] Optionally, the pressure relief ring is provided with multiple sets of external pressure relief holes distributed in the vertical direction, with the diameter of the external pressure relief holes gradually increasing from bottom to top, thereby automatically adjusting the pressure relief rate according to the degree of inflation of the pressure relief airbag.

[0010] Optionally, it also includes a knob, which is rotated above the pressure control cover. An upper stop block is fixed to the knob, and a lower stop block is fixed to the pressure control tube. The upper stop block prevents the pressure control tube from sliding outward during the gas filling process through the lower stop block, and the working state of the phase change plate can be switched by rotating the knob.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a measuring rod, which is disposed inside the pressure control tube and the lower end of the measuring rod is connected to the inner wall of the pressure control airbag, so as to determine the expansion or compression distance of the pressure control airbag by the movement distance of the measuring rod.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a guide ring, which is distributed around the pressure-controlled airbag in a circumferential direction.

[0013] Optionally, a stepped hole is provided on the pressure control cover, and a bolt is threaded into the stepped hole. The pressure control tube passes through the bolt upward and slides to seal with it. The bolt presses the outer edge of the pressure control airbag into the stepped hole on the pressure control cover through a No. 1 washer.

[0014] Optionally, a cross plate is slidably connected to the pressure control cover in the vertical direction, a pressure block is slidably provided on the base plate, the pressure relief hole is stepped, a second washer is provided in the pressure relief hole, a support ring is sleeved inside the pressure relief airbag, and the cross plate is sleeved on the outside of the pressure relief airbag. When the pressure control cover slides to the position of the pressure relief hole, the pressure block presses the pressure relief airbag into the pressure relief hole by squeezing the cross plate. A positioning seat is fixed to the base plate, and the positioning seat abuts against the cross plate so that the pressure relief airbag can be aligned with the corresponding pressure relief hole.

[0015] An application of a magnetocaloric phase change plate in a magnetocaloric cooling assembly: a heat pipe is fixed on the base plate of the magnetocaloric phase change plate by a pressure plate; the part of the heat pipe in contact with the base plate is the condensation end; and the evaporation end of the heat pipe is connected to the component that generates magnetocaloric heat, so that the magnetocaloric heat is conducted to the base plate through the heat pipe.

[0016] This invention has the following advantages: By arranging multiple pressure-relieving airbags connected to the interior of the phase change plate as elastic buffer interfaces for the expansion of the phase change medium, and configuring adjustable pressure-controlling airbags on the outside of each pressure-relieving airbag as distributed elastic limiting and flow equalization driving sources, a multi-level adaptive mechanism of expansion, contact, diversion, and pressure relief is formed: When the phase change medium melts, if a local liquid medium concentrates and flows into a certain pressure-relieving airbag, causing it to expand to a set size, this pressure-relieving airbag will contact the outer pressure-controlling airbag. The elastic back pressure generated by the pressure-controlling airbag causes the liquid medium to divert to other pressure-relieving airbags with less resistance, thereby avoiding single-point overpressure damage and realizing pressure relief at each level. The airbags are uniformly stressed. At the same time, by pre-adjusting the expansion volume of the pressure-controlling airbag, the initial gap and contact stiffness between it and the pressure-relieving airbag can be changed, thereby actively controlling the resistance threshold and flow equalization intensity of the phase change expansion to meet the working conditions under different loads. In addition, when the pressure-relieving airbag is abnormally overpressurized due to abnormal conditions, the pressure-controlling airbag can automatically depressurize and release energy to achieve fault safety isolation and prevent local pressure from being transmitted to the overall structure. The entire system does not rely on gravity or external power. It can achieve integrated thermal management of distributed elastic constraint, active flow equalization control and overpressure protection of the phase change process in a microgravity environment through only the elastic coupling and air pressure regulation between the airbags. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the fin structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the pressure control cover of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the pressure-controlled airbags of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the pressure-controlled airbag of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pressure control tube of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-shaped plate structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the pressure relief airbag structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is an exploded view of the heat pipe installation layout of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the heat pipe installation cross-section of the present invention.

[0028] The meanings of the reference numerals in the diagram are as follows: 10: Base plate, 11: Fin, 12: Cover plate, 13: Pressure relief hole, 14: Pressure relief airbag, 15: Filling tube, 20: Pressure control cover, 21: Pressure control airbag, 22: Pressure control tube, 23: Air inlet valve, 30: Internal pressure relief hole, 31: Spring, 32: Abutment ring, 33: Pressure relief ring, 34: External pressure relief hole, 40: Knob, 41: Upper stop block, 42: Lower stop block, 43: Guide strip, 44: Measuring rod, 50: Guide ring, 60: Bolt, 61: Washer No. 1, 70: Cross plate, 71: Side guide plate, 72: Pressure block, 73: Resistance increasing plate, 74: Positioning seat, 75: Support ring, 76: Washer No. 2, 80: Heat pipe, 81: Pressure plate, 90: Housing No. 1, 91: Housing No. 2, 92: Frame, 93: Coil. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is hereby declared that the directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inside, and outside used in this text are based solely on the accompanying drawings and are not intended to specifically limit the invention.

[0030] Example 1: A magnetocaloric phase change plate, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, the device includes a base plate 10, fins 11, a cover plate 12, a pressure relief bladder 14, a filling pipe 15, and a pressure control assembly. The base plate 10 has arrayed fins 11 fixedly attached inside. The fins 11 are serrated, offering good thermal conductivity and strength. The cover plate 12 is fixedly attached to the base plate 10. Both the base plate 10 and the cover plate 12 are made of 3A21 aluminum alloy, which has excellent thermal conductivity and brazing properties. The cover plate 12 and the base plate 10 constitute the shell structure of the phase change plate. The filling pipe 15 is fixedly connected to the base plate 10, and the phase change medium, specifically n-octadecane, is filled into the shell through the filling pipe 15. The base plate 10 is provided with six pressure relief holes 13, and pressure relief airbags 14 are installed in the pressure relief holes 13. When the phase change medium expands in volume, it can squeeze the pressure relief airbags 14 outward. The pressure relief airbags 14 serve as an elastic buffer interface for the expansion of the phase change medium, preventing deformation of the base plate 10 and the cover plate 12 due to the expansion of the phase change medium in volume. The base plate 10 is provided with a pressure control component, which is located outside the pressure relief airbags 14. The pressure control component can control the expansion degree of the pressure relief airbags 14, promote the uniform distribution of the phase change medium into each pressure relief airbag 14, avoid single-point overpressure damage, and achieve uniform force on each pressure relief airbag 14.

[0031] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the pressure control assembly includes a pressure control cover 20, a pressure control airbag 21, a pressure control tube 22, and an air intake valve 23. A pressure control cover 20 is provided on the outer side of each pressure relief hole 13. The pressure control cover 20 is mounted on the base plate 10. A pressure control airbag 21 is provided on the pressure control cover 20. Each pressure relief airbag 14 corresponds to one pressure control airbag 21, and the pressure control airbag 21 is located on the side away from the base plate 10 relative to the pressure relief airbag 14, that is, on the outer side of the pressure relief airbag 14. This allows the pressure relief airbag 14 to contact the pressure control airbag 21 when it expands outward, thereby limiting the expansion degree of the pressure relief airbag 14 through the pressure control airbag 21. The elastic pressure generated by the pressure-controlling airbag 21 causes the liquid phase change medium to be diverted to the pressure-relieving airbag 14, which has less resistance. A pressure-controlling pipe 22 is connected to the pressure-controlling airbag 21. An air inlet valve 23 is installed at one end of the pressure-controlling pipe 22 outside the pressure-controlling airbag 21. The air inlet valve 23 is connected to an external air source device to allow gas to be injected into the pressure-controlling airbag 21. The air inlet valve 23 can only allow air to enter in one direction. By controlling the amount of air entering, the expansion volume of the pressure-controlling airbag 21 can be adjusted, and the initial gap and contact stiffness between the pressure-controlling airbag 21 and the pressure-relieving airbag 14 can be changed, thereby actively regulating the resistance threshold and flow uniformity of the phase change expansion.

[0032] Before using this phase change plate, gas is first supplied by an external gas source through the inlet valve 23 to fill the pressure control air bladder 21, causing the pressure control air bladder 21 to expand. Then, liquid phase change medium is filled into the phase change plate, causing the pressure relief air bladder 14 to be pushed outward by the phase change medium. The pressure relief air bladder 14 and the corresponding pressure control air bladder 21 come into contact. The outer end of the filling pipe 15 is then sealed. After the phase change medium cools to a solid state, the entire assembly is assembled to facilitate heat dissipation for the periodically operating coil 93. The magnetic heat generated when the coil 93 is working is transferred through the heat pipe 80. The heat is conducted onto the base plate 10 and then through the fins 11 to the internal phase change medium. When the temperature reaches the melting point of the phase change medium, the solid phase change medium absorbs heat and transforms into a liquid state. During the process of the phase change medium changing from solid to liquid, its volume expands. This expansion of the phase change medium pushes the pressure relief bladder 14 outward, causing it to expand. During this expansion, the pressure relief bladder 14 contacts and resists the pressure control bladder 21. The pressure control bladder 21, through this resistance, limits the expansion of the pressure relief bladder 14. Because the phase change medium cannot... Precise control of the liquid flow direction can prevent excessive influx of the liquid phase change medium into a certain pressure relief bladder 14, which could lead to damage due to over-expansion. Therefore, the pressure control bladder 21 limits the expansion of the pressure relief bladder 14, allowing the phase change medium during liquefaction to flow into other pressure relief bladders 14 with lower resistance. This ensures the stability of the phase change plate operation and guarantees the overall service life of the phase change plate. The heat absorbed by the phase change medium within the phase change plate corresponds to the heat dissipation of the coil 93 during each working cycle. When the coil 93 stops working... When the heat dissipation end of the external liquid cooling device is in contact with the surface of the cover plate 12, the external cooling device is used to passively dissipate heat for the phase change plate. This method is because the coil 93 corresponds to a high-precision instrument. If the liquid cooling device is used for heat dissipation when the coil 93 is working, the vibration of the liquid cooling device itself and the internal liquid flow may interfere with the operation of the high-precision instrument. Therefore, the phase change plate is passively cooled only during the period when the coil 93 stops working. During the heat dissipation process, the phase change medium will change from liquid to solid and its volume will shrink, thereby recycling the phase change medium to absorb heat.

[0033] Example 2: Based on Example 1, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, it also includes a spring 31, a stop ring 32, and a pressure relief ring 33. The portion of the pressure control tube 22 located outside the pressure control airbag 21 has six internal pressure relief holes 30, which are arranged in a circular array along the circumference. A stop ring 32 is fixedly connected to one end of the pressure control tube 22 inside the pressure control airbag 21. The stop ring 32 contacts the inner bottom wall of the pressure control airbag 21, allowing the pressure control tube 22 to be pushed upwards by the stop ring 32 when the pressure control airbag 21 contracts under pressure. By setting the stop ring 33... 2. It can increase the contact area with the pressure-controlled airbag 21. A pressure relief ring 33 is fixedly installed above the pressure-controlled cover 20. The pressure relief ring 33 is provided with an external pressure relief hole 34. When the internal pressure relief hole 30 and the external pressure relief hole 34 are connected, the gas inside the pressure-controlled airbag 21 can be discharged to relieve pressure, realize fault safety isolation, and prevent local pressure from being transmitted to the overall structure. A spring 31 is sleeved on the pressure-controlled tube 22. The spring 31 is used to push the pressure-controlled tube 22 downward to reset it and cancel the connection between the internal pressure relief hole 30 and the external pressure relief hole 34.

[0034] like Figure 5 As shown, the pressure relief ring 33 is provided with three sets of external pressure relief holes 34 distributed in the vertical direction. The six external pressure relief holes 34 in each set are arranged in a ring array along the circumference, and the diameter of the three sets of external pressure relief holes 34 gradually increases from bottom to top, so as to automatically adjust the pressure relief rate according to the degree of expansion of the pressure relief airbag 14.

[0035] like Figures 5-7 As shown, it also includes a knob 40, an upper stop block 41, and a lower stop block 42. The knob 40 is rotatably mounted above the pressure control cover 20. The knob 40 is circular in shape. Four upper stop blocks 41 are fixedly attached to the inner wall of the knob 40 in a circular array. Four lower stop blocks 42 are fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the pressure control tube 22 in a circular array. The upper stop blocks 41 prevent the pressure control tube 22 from sliding outward through the lower stop blocks 42, thus preventing the pressure control tube 22 from sliding outward during the gas filling process and causing gas leakage.

[0036] like Figure 7 As shown, it also includes a guide bar 43 and a measuring rod 44. The guide bar 43 is fixedly connected inside the pressure control tube 22, and the measuring rod 44 is slidably arranged on the guide bar 43. The measuring rod 44 slides along the axial direction of the pressure control tube 22, and the lower end of the measuring rod 44 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure control airbag 21 so as to determine the axial expansion or compression distance of the pressure control airbag 21 by measuring the sliding distance of the measuring rod 44.

[0037] like Figure 5 As shown, it also includes a guide ring 50. The pressure control cover 20 is fixedly connected to the guide ring 50. The guide ring 50 is distributed around the pressure control airbag 21 in a circumferential direction, so as to guide the expansion of the pressure control airbag 21 through the guide ring 50.

[0038] Before inflating the pressure-controlled airbag 21, the operator rotates knob 40 to move the upper stop 41 above the lower stop 42. This prevents the pressure-controlled tube 22 from sliding outwards under the reaction force during inflation, thus avoiding communication between the inner pressure relief hole 30 and the outer pressure relief hole 34 during inflation. During inflation, the pressure-controlled airbag 21 expands towards the pressure relief airbag 14 under the guidance of the guide ring 50. The measuring rod 44 moves downwards with the pressure relief airbag 14. The vertical expansion length of the pressure-controlled airbag 21 can be determined based on the descent height of the measuring rod 44. This facilitates adjustment of the initial gap and contact stiffness between the pressure-controlled airbag 21 and the pressure relief airbag 14, actively controlling the resistance threshold and flow uniformity of the phase change expansion. Specifically, a sensor capable of detecting displacement can be installed inside the measuring rod 44, or the pressure control tube 22 can be made transparent, and scale lines can be set on the surface of the measuring rod 44 so that the operator can visually observe the displacement changes of the measuring rod 44. After filling, rotate the knob 40 again to move the upper stop 41 away from the lower stop 42. Since the air inlet valve 23 is a one-way valve, the internal gas cannot leak out through the air inlet valve 23, and the spring 31 can prevent the pressure control tube 22 from sliding freely outward through the retaining ring 32. Therefore, at this time, the inner pressure relief hole 30 and the outer pressure relief hole 34 are not connected, and the pressure control airbag 21 will remain inflated. During the process of the pressure relief airbag 14 expanding and pressing against the pressure control airbag 21, the pressure control airbag 21 will press against the pressure control airbag 21. When the pressure-regulating airbag 21 deforms, the pressure-regulating tube 22 slides upward and compresses the spring 31. When the internal pressure of the pressure-regulating airbag 21 cannot prevent the abnormal expansion of the pressure-relieving airbag 14, the pressure-regulating airbag 21 will undergo excessive deformation. The pressure-regulating tube 22 will continue to move upward and connect the inner pressure relief hole 30 and the outer pressure relief hole 34, thereby releasing the gas inside the pressure-regulating airbag 21, reducing the resistance force of the pressure-regulating airbag 21 on the pressure-relieving airbag 14, achieving fault safety isolation, and preventing the transmission of local pressure to the overall structure. Furthermore, because the three sets of outer pressure relief holes 34 have different diameters, they can automatically adjust the pressure relief rate according to the expansion size and expansion rate of the pressure-relieving airbag 14. For example, when the inner pressure relief hole 30 and the lowest outer pressure relief hole 34 are connected, if the pressure relief rate is greater than the pressure relief rate, the pressure relief rate will be adjusted accordingly. The expansion rate of the pressure-controlled airbag 14 can effectively reduce the resistance force of the pressure-controlled airbag 21 on the pressure-relief airbag 14. If the decompression rate is less than the expansion rate of the pressure-relief airbag 14, the pressure-controlled tube 22 will continue to move upward, thereby connecting the inner pressure relief hole 30 with the larger diameter outer pressure relief hole 34 above, thus increasing the decompression rate. After the pressure-relief airbag 14 contracts, the operator needs to replenish the gas into the pressure-controlled airbag 21 to facilitate the next expansion of the pressure-relief airbag 14. By rotating the knob 40, the inflation and decompression states can be automatically switched, which not only prevents the gas in the pressure-controlled airbag 21 from leaking out during the inflation process and interfering with the gas filling, but also allows the pressure-controlled airbag 21 to automatically decompress during the abnormal expansion of the pressure-relief airbag 14.

[0039] Example 3: Based on Example 2, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, it also includes a bolt 60 and a first washer 61. The pressure control cover 20 has a stepped hole, and the bolt 60 is threaded into the stepped hole. The pressure relief ring 33 is fixed to the top of the bolt 60. The knob 40 is rotated and located on the top of the bolt 60, and the knob 40 is located below the pressure relief ring 33. The pressure control tube 22 passes upward through the bolt 60 and slides and seals with it. The bolt 60 presses the outer edge of the pressure control airbag 21 into the stepped hole on the pressure control cover 20 through the first washer 61, thereby preventing gas leakage from the pressure control airbag 21.

[0040] like Figure 4 , Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, it also includes a cross plate 70, a side guide plate 71, a pressure block 72, a resistance-increasing plate 73, a positioning seat 74, a support ring 75, and a second washer 76. The cross plate 70 is slidably connected to the pressure control cover 20 in the vertical direction. The side guide plate 71 for guiding the pressure control cover 20 is fixed to the base plate 10. The pressure block 72 is slidably arranged on the base plate 10. The main body of the pressure block 72 is L-shaped. The sliding direction of the pressure block 72 is perpendicular to the extension direction of the side guide plate 71. The adjacent ends of the pressure block 72 and the cross plate 70 are provided with curved surfaces so that when the pressure block 72 slides towards the pressure control cover 20, it can press the cross plate 70 downward. The pressure relief hole 13 is also stepped. The second washer 76 is provided in the pressure relief hole 13. The support ring 75 is sleeved inside the pressure relief airbag 14. The cross plate 70 is in the middle A circular hole is provided, and a cross plate 70 is fitted onto the outside of the pressure relief airbag 14. When the pressure control cover 20 slides to the position of the pressure relief hole 13, the pressure block 72 presses the pressure relief airbag 14 into the pressure relief hole 13 by squeezing the cross plate 70. Two friction-increasing plates 73 are fixedly connected to both ends of the pressure block 72. The friction-increasing plates 73 are made of an elastic material, such as rubber. The friction-increasing plates 73 increase the friction between the pressure block 72 and the side guide plate 71, thereby limiting the free sliding of the pressure block 72. Six sets of positioning seats 74 are fixedly connected to the base plate 10. Each set of positioning seats 74 corresponds to one pressure relief hole 13, and two positioning seats 74 in each set are located on both sides of the pressure relief hole 13. The positioning seats 74 abut against the cross plate 70, allowing the pressure relief airbag 14 to accurately stop directly above the pressure relief hole 13. It should be noted that, combined with... Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, when the end of the cross plate 70 contacts the positioning seat 74, the cross plate 70 disengages from the guide path of the side guide plate 71, allowing the pressure control cover 20 to be removed vertically upwards. When the cross plate 70 disengages from the positioning seat 74 inwards, the cross plate 70 moves into the guide path of the side guide plate 71, which is L-shaped. At this time, the upper side of the cross plate 70 is blocked by the side guide plate 71 and can only slide horizontally, meaning that the pressure control cover 20 cannot be removed at this time.

[0041] When installing the pressure-regulating airbag 21 onto the pressure-regulating cover 20, first place the pressure-regulating airbag 21 as follows: Figure 5 and Figure 6 The first washer 61 is placed in the stepped hole, and then the first washer 61 is placed on the upper edge of the pressure-regulating airbag 21. The bolt 60 is then threaded onto the pressure-regulating cover 20, and the first washer 61 is pressed against the edge of the pressure-regulating airbag 21 by the bolt 60 to prevent the gas inside the pressure-regulating airbag 21 from leaking out. When installing the pressure-regulating airbag 21 and the pressure-relieving airbag 14, first slide the pressure block 72 away from the pressure-regulating cover 20 so that the pressure block 72 and the cross plate 70 are disengaged. The second washer 76 in the pressure relief hole 13 will elastically reset and push the pressure relief airbag 14 outward. Then, remove the old pressure-regulating cover 20 from the phase change plate, and the pressure relief airbag 14 on the pressure relief hole 13 is also removed. Two sets of spare parts are placed on the left and right sides of each pressure relief hole 13 for quick replacement. Then, push the left or right pressure-regulating cover 20 towards the pressure relief hole 13. The pressure relief airbag 14 placed in the middle through hole of the plate 70 moves synchronously. Taking the left side as an example, when the pressure control cover 20 and the pressure relief airbag 14 on the cross plate 70 on the left side move to directly above the pressure relief hole 13, the two adjacent cross plates 70 on the left and right sides will contact each other, and the cross plate 70 on the right side will be blocked by the positioning seat 74, thereby preventing the pressure control cover 20 on the left side from moving to the right, ensuring the accuracy of the position of the pressure relief airbag 14. Then, the pressure block 72 is pushed towards the pressure control cover 20, and the pressure block 72 will squeeze the cross plate 70 downward. The cross plate 70 will press the support ring 75 and the second washer 76 into the pressure relief hole 13, thereby completing the installation of the pressure control airbag 21 and the pressure relief airbag 14. The first washer 61 and the second washer 76 are made of elastic material, such as rubber. By pressing them tightly during installation, airtightness can be ensured. Technicians can also use other methods to assist in sealing.

[0042] An application of a magnetocaloric phase change plate in magnetocaloric cooling components, such as Figure 1 , Figure 10 and Figure 11As shown, the device includes a heat pipe 80, a pressure plate 81, a first housing 90, a second housing 91, a frame 92, and a coil 93. The coil 93 is formed on the frame 92. Thermally conductive adhesive is applied to the upper surface and side arc surfaces of the second housing 91 and the coil 93. The second housing 91 and the frame 92 are fixed together by cold spot welding. After forming, the heat pipe 80 is installed on the side of the second housing 91. The arc-shaped part around the second housing 91 on the heat pipe 80 is the evaporation end. Thermally conductive silicone grease is applied between the heat pipe 80 and the second housing 91. The first housing 90 and the second housing 91 are fixed together by cold spot welding to press the heat pipe tightly. The heat pipe 80 and the second housing 91... After installation, two magnetothermal components are formed. The magnetothermal components are then installed with the phase change plate. The heat pipe 80 is pressed and fixed onto the base plate 10 by the pressure plate 81. The part where the heat pipe 80 contacts the base plate 10 is the condensation end. Thermally conductive adhesive is applied to the contact surface between the heat pipe and the phase change plate. The interior of the second housing 91 is filled with a fluid with a high thermal conductivity, such as thermally conductive silicone, to fill the gap inside the coil 93. This allows the heat generated by the coil 93 during operation to be conducted to the heat pipe 80. Within the operating time range of the coil 93, the heat dissipation capacity of the heat pipe 80 is greater than the heat generated by the coil 93, thus controlling the surface temperature of the coil 93 within the set temperature range.

[0043] The magnetic heat generated during the operation of coil 93 can be conducted to the evaporation end of heat pipe 80 through shell 90 and shell 91, and then conducted to the base plate 10 through heat pipe 80, so that the phase change medium can absorb the magnetic heat generated by coil 93.

[0044] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes or modifications can be made to the invention without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention as defined by the claims. Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments in this disclosure is for illustrative purposes only and is not intended to limit the invention; rather, the scope of protection is defined by the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A magnetocaloric phase change plate, comprising a base plate (10), fins (11) fixedly connected inside the base plate (10), and a cover plate (12) fixedly connected to the base plate (10), the cover plate (12) and the base plate (10) constituting the shell structure of the phase change plate, the shell being filled with a phase change medium, characterized in that: Multiple pressure relief holes (13) are provided on the base plate (10). Pressure relief airbags (14) are installed in the pressure relief holes (13). When the phase change medium expands in volume, it can squeeze the pressure relief airbags (14) outward. The pressure relief airbags (14) serve as an elastic buffer interface for the expansion of the phase change medium. A pressure control component is provided on the base plate (10). The pressure control component can control the expansion degree of the pressure relief airbags (14) and promote the uniform distribution of the phase change medium into each pressure relief airbag (14), so that each pressure relief airbag (14) is subjected to uniform force. The pressure control assembly includes a pressure control cover (20), which is installed on the base plate (10). A pressure control airbag (21) is provided on the pressure control cover (20). Each pressure relief airbag (14) corresponds to a pressure control airbag (21). When the pressure relief airbag (14) expands outward, it can resist the pressure control airbag (21). The elastic pressure generated by the pressure control airbag (21) causes the liquid phase change medium to be diverted to other pressure relief airbags (14) with less resistance. A pressure control pipe (22) is connected to the pressure control airbag (21). The gas source device fills the pressure control airbag (21) with gas through the pressure control pipe (22). By controlling the air intake, the expansion volume of the pressure control airbag (21) is adjusted, and the initial gap and resistance stiffness between the pressure control airbag (21) and the pressure relief airbag (14) are changed, thereby actively regulating the resistance threshold and flow uniformity of the phase change expansion.

2. A magnetocaloric phase change plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: An internal pressure relief hole (30) is provided on the pressure control tube (22), and a pressure relief ring (33) is fixedly provided on the top of the pressure control cover (20). An external pressure relief hole (34) is provided on the pressure relief ring (33). When the pressure control airbag (21) contracts in volume, it can push the pressure control tube (22) upward, so that the internal pressure relief hole (30) and the external pressure relief hole (34) are connected to release the gas inside the pressure control airbag (21). A spring (31) is sleeved on the pressure control tube (22) for pushing it to reset.

3. A magnetocaloric phase change plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure relief ring (33) is provided with multiple sets of external pressure relief holes (34) distributed in the vertical direction. The diameter of the external pressure relief holes (34) gradually increases from bottom to top, thereby automatically adjusting the pressure relief rate according to the degree of expansion of the pressure relief airbag (14).

4. A magnetocaloric phase change plate according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a knob (40), which is rotated and positioned above the pressure control cover (20). An upper stop block (41) is fixed to the knob (40), and a lower stop block (42) is fixed to the pressure control tube (22). The upper stop block (41) prevents the pressure control tube (22) from sliding outward during the gas filling process through the lower stop block (42), and the working state of the phase change plate can be switched by rotating the knob (40).

5. A magnetocaloric phase change plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a measuring rod (44), which is set inside the pressure control tube (22), and the lower end of the measuring rod (44) is connected to the inner wall of the pressure control airbag (21) so as to determine the expansion or compression distance of the pressure control airbag (21) by measuring the movement distance of the measuring rod (44).

6. A magnetocaloric phase change plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a guide ring (50), which is distributed around the pressure-controlled airbag (21) in a circumferential direction.

7. A magnetocaloric phase change plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pressure control cover (20) has a stepped hole, and a bolt (60) is threaded into the stepped hole. The pressure control tube (22) passes through the bolt (60) upward and slides to seal with it. The bolt (60) presses the outer edge of the pressure control airbag (21) into the stepped hole on the pressure control cover (20) through the No. 1 washer (61).

8. A magnetocaloric phase change plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cross plate (70) is slidably connected to the pressure control cover (20) in the vertical direction. A pressure block (72) is slidably provided on the base plate (10). The pressure relief hole (13) is stepped. A second washer (76) is provided inside the pressure relief hole (13). A support ring (75) is sleeved inside the pressure relief airbag (14). The cross plate (70) is sleeved on the outside of the pressure relief airbag (14). When the pressure control cover (20) slides to the position of the pressure relief hole (13), the pressure block (72) presses the pressure relief airbag (14) into the pressure relief hole (13) by squeezing the cross plate (70). A positioning seat (74) is fixed on the base plate (10). The positioning seat (74) makes the pressure relief airbag (14) aligned with the corresponding pressure relief hole (13) by abutting against the cross plate (70).

9. An application of a magnetocaloric phase change plate in a magnetocaloric cooling assembly, characterized in that: The magnetocaloric phase change plate according to any one of claims 1-8 is used. A heat pipe (80) is fixed on the base plate (10) of the magnetocaloric phase change plate by a pressure plate (81). The part of the heat pipe (80) in contact with the base plate (10) is the condensation end. The evaporation end of the heat pipe (80) is connected to the component that generates magnetocaloric heat so as to conduct the magnetocaloric heat to the base plate (10) through the heat pipe (80).

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