A time-grid encoder assembly and turntable structure

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool rotary table technology, specifically disclosing a time-grating encoder assembly and a rotary table structure. The time-grating encoder assembly includes a protective cover, an encoder stator, an encoder rotor, a first connecting block, a second connecting block, and a second support block. The first convex ring of the second support block and the first annular groove of the second connecting block are in clearance fit. The rotary table structure includes a protective shell, a base plate, a DD direct drive motor, a hollow spindle, a load-bearing component, a brake assembly, and a quick-connect structure. The time-grating encoder assembly is installed inside the spindle, the stator is connected to the base plate via a fixed column, and the rotor rotates with the spindle. The brake assembly is a normally closed hydraulic brake. This invention solves the problems of poor protection performance of time-grating encoders, difficulty in maintaining coaxiality accuracy over a long period, inconvenient rotary table maintenance, and low efficiency in changing load-bearing components in the prior art, significantly improving angle detection accuracy and operational stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of CNC machine tool rotary table technology, and specifically discloses a time encoder assembly and rotary table structure. Background Technology

[0002] The rotary table of a CNC machine tool is a core functional component for realizing multi-axis linkage machining, and its angle detection accuracy directly determines the machining quality and production efficiency of the workpiece. DD direct-drive rotary tables, with their significant advantages such as short transmission chains, fast response speeds, and compact structures, have been increasingly widely used in high-end CNC machining. As the core angle detection element of the DD direct-drive rotary table, the stability and protective performance of its mounting structure directly affect the overall operating accuracy and service life of the rotary table.

[0003] In existing technologies, the installation of time-grating encoders lacks integrated design. This makes it impossible to effectively seal and protect the core components of the encoder, allowing impurities such as oil and dust inside the turntable to easily intrude and damage the components. Furthermore, it is difficult to maintain the coaxiality accuracy between the encoder stator and rotor under the conditions of long-term high-speed operation and frequent start-stop of the turntable, which can easily lead to loose connections and increased detection deviations. Ultimately, this results in a rapid decline in the detection accuracy of the time-grating encoder and a significant reduction in its service life, making it difficult to meet the requirements of high-end CNC machine tool turntables for long-term stable and reliable operation of angle detection systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a time encoder assembly and turntable structure, specifically implemented through the following technical solution: A time-grid encoder assembly includes a time-grid encoder, wherein the encoder stator of the time-grid encoder is detachably mounted inside a housing, and the encoder rotor of the time-grid encoder is detachably mounted on the end of a first connecting block facing the encoder stator. The first connecting block is rotatably mounted inside the housing, and the end of the first connecting block away from the encoder rotor is detachably connected to a second connecting block. An annular second support block is detachably mounted on the end of the housing away from the encoder stator. A first convex ring is integrally formed on the end of the second support block away from the housing. A first annular groove matching the first convex ring is formed on the second connecting block, and the first convex ring is located in the first annular groove and is in clearance fit with the first annular groove.

[0005] A turntable structure includes a protective shell and the aforementioned time encoder assembly. A base plate is detachably mounted on one end of the protective shell. A hollow spindle driven by a DD direct drive motor is installed inside the protective shell. A load-bearing component is detachably mounted on one end of the spindle. A second support block is detachably connected to the inner wall of the spindle. A protective cover is detachably mounted on one end of a fixed column. The other end of the fixed column is detachably connected to the base plate.

[0006] The top of the second support block is detachably mounted with a first connecting plate, which is connected to the step of the third countersunk hole of the main shaft by bolts; the edge of the protective cover is fixed to the second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate is detachably connected to the fixing column.

[0007] A shaft support and a first support block are sequentially installed between one end of the main shaft mounting bearing component and the protective shell. The first support block is detachably connected to the protective shell and one end of the stator of the DD direct drive motor. The end of the first support block away from the DD direct drive motor is detachably connected to a limiting block. The limiting block is fastened to the shaft support and is detachably connected to the shaft support.

[0008] The shaft support is a bushing. One end of the main shaft that mounts the bearing component has several positioning holes arranged in a circumferential array. The axis of the positioning holes is parallel to the axis of the main shaft. A quick-connect seat is detachably installed in the positioning holes. A quick plug that can be inserted into the quick-connect seat is installed at the bottom of the bearing component. An annular locking groove is provided on the quick plug. A ball bearing that can be squeezed into the locking groove and locked in place is installed in the quick-connect seat.

[0009] The quick-connector includes an outer sleeve detachably installed in a positioning hole, an inner sleeve detachably installed inside the outer sleeve, and a positioning ring at the end of the outer sleeve away from the load-bearing component. Both the positioning ring and the inner sleeve at the ends away from the load-bearing component are threadedly connected to a base. A plurality of second pistons are evenly mounted in a circumferential array on the positioning ring. An annular oil groove for driving the second pistons is provided on the base, and the annular oil groove is connected to a second oil nozzle mounted on a limiting block via an oil passage. A slip ring and a fixed ring are installed between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve. The fixed ring is threadedly connected to the outer sleeve and is installed on the side of the slip ring away from the second pistons. The slip ring and the fixed ring are circumferentially connected. A plurality of first springs are arranged in an array. A second piston abuts against a slip ring. A locking block is slidably installed inside the inner sleeve. A second insertion hole is opened at the end of the locking block facing the bearing component. A plurality of ball holes for accommodating balls are evenly arranged in a circumferential array on the upper side wall of the second insertion hole. A shuttle-shaped tensioning section is provided inside the inner sleeve. When the ball holes reach the tensioning section, the ball can be fully pressed into the ball holes. A locking bolt is installed on the locking block. The locking bolt passes through a sliding hole on the inner sleeve and abuts against the end of the slip ring facing the fixed ring. A second spring is also fitted on the outer wall of the inner sleeve. One end of the second spring abuts against the locking bolt, and the other end abuts against a shoulder located in the middle of the inner sleeve.

[0010] The outer wall of the outer sleeve is integrally formed with a spline, and the inner wall of the positioning hole is provided with a spline groove that slides with the spline.

[0011] It also includes a brake assembly, which includes a clamping ring detachably connected to the protective shell. The clamping ring has a piston chamber, in which an annular first piston is installed. The inner wall of the clamping ring has an annular clamping gap, in which a friction ring is installed by interference fit. The friction ring is detachably connected to the main shaft near the base plate. The side of the piston chamber away from the base plate and the side near the base plate are respectively connected to a first oil nozzle installed on the clamping ring through an oil passage.

[0012] The clamping ring is formed by a lower clamping ring and an upper clamping ring tightly fastened together in a mirror image by a brake bolt.

[0013] Both the upper and lower clamping rings have half-holes, and the two half-holes are engaged to form a complete oil hole, and the first oil nozzle is installed in the oil hole.

[0014] The technical solution of this invention has the following advantages: The time-grating encoder assembly provided by this invention detachably mounts the encoder stator and rotor in the protective cover and the first connecting block, respectively, and detachably connects the protective cover to the second support block. This not only realizes the modular integrated design of the time-grating encoder and forms a sealed protective space for the core components of the encoder, effectively preventing the intrusion of impurities such as oil and dust inside the turntable, but also facilitates the individual disassembly and maintenance of the encoder by the detachable connection of each component, reducing the later maintenance cost. The first convex ring integrally formed on the second support block and the first ring groove on the second connecting block are fitted with a clearance. This not only ensures the coaxiality accuracy between the encoder stator and rotor under the conditions of long-term high-speed operation and frequent start-stop of the turntable, avoiding the problem of increased detection deviation caused by loose connection, but also plays an auxiliary sealing role, further improving the protection performance of the encoder.

[0015] The time-grid encoder assembly is integrated and installed inside the hollow main shaft. It is connected to the inner wall of the main shaft via a second support block and a first connecting plate. The cover is connected to a fixed column fixed to the base plate via a second connecting plate. This structure allows the encoder stator to remain stationary with the fixed column and the encoder rotor to rotate synchronously with the main shaft. This significantly shortens the transmission chain for angle detection, improves the response speed and accuracy of angle detection, and makes the overall structure of the turntable more compact, saving installation space.

[0016] The spindle end has a detachable connection structure consisting of a shaft support, a first support block, and a limit block, which ensures the rotational support accuracy of the spindle and facilitates the individual replacement and maintenance of each support component.

[0017] The normally closed hydraulic brake adopts a structure in which the upper and lower clamping rings are mirrored and interlocked to form a clamping ring. The clamping ring and the friction ring are separated and locked by the hydraulic drive of the first piston in the piston chamber. When there is no oil flow, the locking force generated by the interference fit keeps the spindle stationary, effectively preventing uncontrollable rotation of load-bearing components such as the clamping table. Moreover, the brake assembly is installed at the bottom of the turntable. During maintenance, only the bottom plate needs to be removed for operation, without disassembling other core components of the turntable, which improves the convenience of maintenance.

[0018] The hydraulically driven quick-connect structure at the end of the spindle enables the rapid locking and unlocking of the load-bearing components through the cooperation of the ball bearings in the quick-connect seat and the locking groove on the quick-connect plug. The shuttle-shaped tensioning section in the inner sleeve allows the ball bearings to switch smoothly between the locked and unlocked states. The cooperation of the second piston, slip ring, first spring, and second spring enables stable driving and automatic reset of the locking action.

[0019] The spline on the outer wall of the outer sleeve and the spline groove on the inner wall of the positioning hole ensure the precise alignment of the oil circuit during quick-connect assembly. This structure significantly shortens the changeover time of the load-bearing components, improves the machining efficiency of CNC machine tools, and ensures reliable locking, meeting the load requirements of high-speed machining.

[0020] This invention solves the problems of poor protection performance of time encoders, difficulty in maintaining coaxiality accuracy over a long period of time, inconvenient maintenance of turntables, and low efficiency of changing load-bearing components in the prior art through modular time encoder assembly design, integrated internal mounting structure of turntable, reliable normally closed braking system, and efficient hydraulic quick-connect mechanism. It significantly improves the angle detection accuracy, operational stability and service life of DD direct drive turntables, and can fully meet the requirements of high-end CNC machine tool turntables for long-term stable and reliable operation of angle detection systems. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the encoder assembly; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the brake assembly. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of a quick-connect connector; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at point D; Figure 10 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure at point E; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the quick-connect plug.

[0022] In the diagram, 1-base plate, 2-protective shell, 3-motor stator, 4-motor rotor, 5-first support block, 6-limiting block, 7-first bearing, 8-clamping table, 9-spindle, 10-encoder assembly, 11-fixed column, 12-brake assembly, 13-first connecting plate, 14-encoder stator, 15-encoder rotor, 16-protective cover, 17-first connecting block, 18-second bearing, 19-second support block, 20-first convex ring, 21-second connecting block, 22-second convex ring, 23-limiting protrusion, 24-first oil nozzle, 25-first oil inlet, 26-expansion oil passage, 27-piston chamber, 28-first piston, 29-upper clamping ring, 30-lower clamping ring, 31-friction ring, 32-second oil nozzle, 33-shaft sleeve, 34-quick connector, 35-quick connector, 36-second oil inlet, 37-first oil delivery passage. 38-First annular oil passage, 39-Third oil passage, 40-Second annular oil passage, 41-Fourth oil passage, 42-Base, 43-First connecting post, 44-Annular oil groove, 45-Third oil inlet passage, 46-Outer sleeve, 47-Piston hole, 48-Second piston, 49-First limiting ring, 50-Inner sleeve, 51-Second limiting ring, 52-First insertion hole, 53-Second insertion hole, 54-Locking block, 5 5-Slip ring, 56-First limiting hole, 57-First spring, 58-Sliding sleeve, 59-Second spring, 60-Sliding hole, 61-Locking bolt, 62-Spline, 63-First flange, 64-Second flange, 65-Ball, 66-First frustum, 67-Cylindrical part, 68-Second frustum, 69-Fixing ring, 70-Second limiting hole, 71-Third frustum, 72-Limiting handle, 73-Locking groove. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The terms "top" and "bottom" as used below refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 5 The orientation is the reference.

[0024] Example 1 As attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a rotary table structure for CNC machine tools, including a cylindrical protective shell 2. The axis of the protective shell 2 is vertical, and its projection on the horizontal plane can be circular or rectangular.

[0025] The bottom of the protective shell 2 is fitted with a base plate 1. The base plate 1 can be connected to the protective shell 2 by bolts or by interference fit.

[0026] The upper part of the protective shell 2 is provided with a first countersunk hole, and the bottom part is provided with a second countersunk hole. The two countersunk holes are connected by a mounting hole.

[0027] A DD direct drive motor is detachably installed in the mounting hole. Specifically, a first annular support block 5 is bolted into the first countersunk hole, and a support ring is bolted into the second countersunk hole. The inner diameters of both the support ring and the first support block 5 are smaller than the diameter of the mounting hole. The DD direct drive motor is located between the support ring and the first support block 5. The first support block 5 is bolted to the motor stator 3 of the DD direct drive motor, and the outer wall of the motor stator 3 is in close contact with the inner wall of the mounting hole. There is a clearance fit between the support ring and the motor stator 3.

[0028] The motor rotor 4 is installed inside the motor stator 3, and a hollow main shaft 9 is installed on the motor rotor 4 by bolts.

[0029] The top of the aforementioned first support block 5 is bolted with an annular limiting block 6. A first bearing 7 is installed between the limiting block 6 and the main shaft 9. The first bearing 7 is an air bearing and is fixed to the limiting block 6 with bolts.

[0030] The top of the spindle 9 is bolted to a clamping table 8.

[0031] A vertical fixing column 11 is bolted to the top center of the base plate 1. The fixing column 11 is a hollow structure, and a third bearing is installed between the outer wall and the inner wall of the main shaft 9. A gap is left between the top and the bottom of the clamping table 8.

[0032] A time encoder assembly 10 is installed between the top of the fixed column 11 and the main shaft 9. The structure of the time encoder assembly 10 is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes a time grid encoder, the encoder stator 14 of which is sleeved in the lower part of the inner cavity of the cover 16 and is connected to the cover 16 by bolts.

[0033] Inside the cover 16, a first connecting block 17 is installed via a second bearing 18. The top of the first connecting block 17 is integrally formed with a second protruding ring 22, and the bottom is integrally formed with a limiting protrusion 23. The encoder rotor 15 of the time grid encoder is sleeved on the limiting protrusion 23 and fixedly connected to the first connecting block 17 by bolts.

[0034] The encoder rotor 15 is clearance-fitted with the encoder stator 14 and the cover 16.

[0035] The bottom center of the first connecting plate 13 is connected to the spacer ring and the second connecting block 21 by bolts from top to bottom.

[0036] The second convex ring 22 is also bolted to the second connecting block 21, which is shaped like a thumbtack. Specifically, the second connecting block 21 is located at the top of the second convex ring 22, and the vertical part of the second connecting block 21 is bolted to the second convex ring 22.

[0037] A second annular support block 19 is bolted to the top of the cover 16. A first protruding ring 20 is integrally formed on the top of the second support block 19. A first annular groove matching the first protruding ring 20 is formed on the horizontal part of the second connecting block 21. The first protruding ring 20 is located in the first annular groove and is in clearance fit with the first annular groove. The first protruding ring 20 and the first annular groove fit together to provide a certain sealing effect.

[0038] The top of the second connecting block 21 is bolted with a spacer ring and a first connecting plate 13 from bottom to top. The outer diameter of the spacer ring is smaller than the maximum diameter of the second connecting block 21, and the maximum diameter of the second connecting block 21 is smaller than the diameter of the first connecting plate 13.

[0039] The first connecting plate 13 is connected to the step of the third countersunk hole at the top of the spindle 9 by bolts.

[0040] The edge of the cover 16 is fixed to the lower second connecting plate by bolts. The second connecting plate is installed on the top of the fixing post 11 by bolts. The encoder stator 14 and the second connecting plate are fitted with a clearance.

[0041] The DD direct drive motor drives the spindle 9 to rotate, the spindle 9 drives the first connecting plate 13 to rotate, the first connecting plate 13 drives the first connecting block 17 to rotate through the second connecting block 21, and the first connecting block 17 drives the encoder rotor 15 to rotate. The encoder stator 14 is electrically connected to the controller, thereby measuring the angle rotated by the spindle 9 in real time.

[0042] The time encoder assembly 10 can effectively protect the time encoder and ensure that the encoder stator 14, encoder rotor 15, fixed post 11, and main shaft 9 of the time encoder are stably connected, thus significantly extending the service life of the time encoder.

[0043] The time encoder assembly 10 is installed inside the main shaft 9, making the overall structure more compact.

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, a brake assembly 12 is also installed between the main shaft 9 and the base plate 1. The brake assembly 12 is driven by hydraulic oil. When no hydraulic oil is supplied to the brake assembly 12, the locking force of the brake assembly 12 itself achieves locking.

[0045] The structure of brake assembly 12 is as follows Figure 4As shown, the device includes an upper clamping ring 29, a lower clamping ring 30, a friction ring 31, and a first piston 28. The upper clamping ring 29 and the lower clamping ring 30 have identical structures and both have annular oil grooves. The upper clamping ring 29 and the lower clamping ring 30 are tightly fastened together in a mirror image by brake bolts to form an annular clamping ring. The friction ring 31 is installed in the annular clamping gap on the inner wall of the clamping ring by an interference fit.

[0046] Half holes are provided on the outer walls of the two oil tanks. The two half holes are interlocked to form a complete oil hole. A first oil nozzle 24 is installed in the oil hole. The top and bottom of the piston chamber 27 are respectively connected to the first oil inlet passage 25 opened on the first oil nozzle 24 through the corresponding expansion oil passage 26.

[0047] The outer edge of the friction ring 31 is clamped between the inner walls of the two oil grooves. Its outer diameter is less than or equal to the inner diameter of the oil grooves and greater than the inner diameters of the upper clamping ring 29 and the lower clamping ring 30. Its inner diameter is less than the inner diameters of the upper clamping ring 29 and the lower clamping ring 30.

[0048] After the upper clamping ring 29, lower clamping ring 30, and friction ring 31 are installed, the two oil grooves snap together to form a piston cavity 27. An annular first piston 28 is installed inside the piston cavity 27, and sealing rings are installed between the first piston 28 and the two side walls of the piston cavity 27. The aforementioned clamping gap communicates with the piston cavity 27.

[0049] The portion of the friction ring 31 located within the clamping gap is fixedly connected to the bottom of the spindle 9 by bolts, and a shim is installed between the spindle 9 and the friction ring 31.

[0050] The positioning bolts pass through the base plate 1, the lower clamping ring 30, and the upper clamping ring 29 sequentially from the bottom and connect with the internal threaded through hole on the support ring; the lower clamping ring 30, the upper clamping ring 29 and the friction ring 31 are interference-fitted, with an interference amount of about 30 to 50 microns.

[0051] When hydraulic oil is not supplied to the piston chamber 27, the lower clamping ring 30, upper clamping ring 29, and friction ring 31 are interference-fitted, preventing the main shaft 9 from rotating. When hydraulic oil is supplied to the piston chamber 27, the lower clamping ring 30 and upper clamping ring 29 move away from each other, separating from the friction ring 31, allowing the main shaft 9 to rotate. This structure better maintains the orientation of the clamping platform 8, preventing uncontrollable rotation. Furthermore, the overall structure is simple and compact, installed at the bottom of the turntable structure, requiring only the opening of the base plate 1 for maintenance without disassembling other components.

[0052] Example 2 This embodiment has the same main structure as Embodiment 1, except that the connection structure between the clamping table 8 and the spindle 9 has been changed, as detailed below. Figures 5 to 11 As shown.

[0053] The top of the spindle 9 has four positioning holes arranged in a circular array, and the axis of the positioning holes is parallel to the axis of the spindle 9.

[0054] Each positioning hole is fitted with a quick-connect seat 34 by bolts, and the bottom of the clamping table 8 is fitted with a quick-connect plug 35 that can be inserted into the quick-connect seat 34. When hydraulic oil is supplied to the quick-connect seat 34, the quick-connect plug 35 can be inserted into or pulled out of the quick-connect seat 34.

[0055] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in this embodiment, a bushing 33 is installed between the limiting block 6 and the main shaft 9, and the bushing 33 and the limiting block 6 are connected by bolts.

[0056] The limiting block 6 is provided with a second oil inlet channel 36, which is connected to the first annular oil channel 38 opened on the outer wall of the bushing 33 through the first oil delivery channel 37. The axis of the second oil inlet channel 36 coincides with one meridian of the limiting block 6. The first oil delivery channel 37 includes a vertical part and a horizontal part. The bottom of the vertical part is connected to the middle part of the horizontal part, the first end of the horizontal part is connected to the first annular oil channel 38, and the middle part of the vertical part is connected to the first end of the second oil inlet channel 36.

[0057] A plug is installed at the top of the vertical part and at the second end of the horizontal part; a second oil nozzle 32 is installed at the second end of the second oil inlet 36.

[0058] The first annular oil passage 38 is connected to the second annular oil passage 40, which is opened on the inner wall of the bushing 33, through the third oil passage 39.

[0059] The bushing 33 has a fourth oil passage 41 that connects the second annular oil passage 40 and the corresponding positioning hole. The oil inlet of the quick-connect seat 34 is connected to the fourth oil passage 41.

[0060] Sealing rings are installed above and below the first annular oil passage 38, above and below the second annular oil passage 40, and above and below the oil inlet of the quick-connect seat 34.

[0061] The structure of quick connector 34 is as follows Figures 7 to 10 As shown, it includes a base 42 and an outer sleeve 46. The base 42 includes a first connecting post 43 integrally formed at the middle of its top. A positioning ring is integrally formed on the inner wall of the lower part of the outer sleeve 46. The axis of the outer sleeve 46 is vertical and coincides with the axis of the base 42.

[0062] The first connecting post 43 is connected to the inner wall of the positioning ring by a thread, and the bottom of the outer sleeve 46 and the bottom of the positioning ring are tightly abutted against the base 42.

[0063] The positioning ring has three piston holes 47 evenly arranged in a circular array, and the axis of the piston holes 47 is parallel to the axis of the positioning ring.

[0064] An annular oil groove 44 is provided on the base 42. The annular oil groove 44 is arranged around the first connecting post 43 and communicates with the three piston holes 47.

[0065] The base 42 has a third oil inlet channel 45 that communicates with the annular oil groove 44, and the third oil inlet channel 45 is connected to the fourth oil delivery channel 41.

[0066] The top of the first connecting post 43 is integrally formed with a second connecting post, which coincides with the axis of the first connecting post 43.

[0067] The second connecting post extends into the inner sleeve 50 and is threadedly connected to the inner sleeve 50. The bottom of the inner sleeve 50 abuts against the first connecting post 43.

[0068] A slip ring 55 is also fitted on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 50. The outer wall of the slip ring 55 slides in fit with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 46, and the inner wall of the slip ring 55 is in clearance fit with the outer wall of the inner sleeve 50.

[0069] The top of the slip ring 55 is also integrally formed with a sliding sleeve 58. The outer wall of the sliding sleeve 58 is flush with the outer wall of the slip ring 55 and slides in contact with the inner wall of the outer sleeve 46.

[0070] A retaining ring 69 is also installed inside the inner sleeve 50 by threads. The retaining ring 69 is located above the slip ring 55, and its axis coincides with the axis of the slip ring 55.

[0071] The inner wall of the retaining ring 69 is clearance-fitted with the inner sleeve 50.

[0072] The top of the slip ring 55 has three first limiting holes 56 arranged in a circular array, and the bottom of the fixed ring 69 has three second limiting holes 70 that correspond one-to-one with the first limiting holes 56. Both the second limiting holes 70 and the first limiting holes 56 are blind holes.

[0073] A first spring 57 is installed between the corresponding second limiting hole 70 and the first limiting hole 56 (with coincident axes). The first spring 57 is located inside the sliding sleeve 58. The sliding sleeve 58 can further maintain the stability of the slip ring 55 during sliding.

[0074] A second piston 48 is installed inside the aforementioned piston bore 47, with the top of the second piston 48 abutting against the bottom of the slip ring 55. When hydraulic oil is introduced into the annular oil groove 44, the second piston 48 pushes the slip ring 55 to move towards the fixed ring 69.

[0075] The inner sleeve 50 has a through first insertion hole 52 in the middle. The first insertion hole 52 includes a flared section, a tightening section and an equal diameter section from top to bottom. A locking block 54 is slidably installed in the equal diameter section, that is, the outer wall of the locking block 54 slides with the inner wall of the equal diameter section. A second insertion hole 53 is opened at the top middle position of the locking block 54. The second insertion hole 53 is a blind hole of equal diameter.

[0076] The upper sidewall of the second socket 53 has a plurality of ball holes evenly arranged in a circumferential array. Each ball hole contains a ball bearing 65. Part of the ball bearing 65 passes through the ball hole into the second socket 53, while the other part rolls against the inner wall of the first socket 52. That is, the maximum distance between the inner wall of the second socket 53 and the inner wall of the tensioning section does not exceed the diameter of the ball bearing 65. The aforementioned tensioning section can cooperate with the ball bearing 65 to switch between the locked and unlocked states of the ball bearing 65.

[0077] The lower part of the inner sleeve 50, corresponding to the equal-diameter section, has three oblong sliding holes 60 arranged in a circumferential array on its side wall. The length direction of the sliding holes 60 is aligned with the axial direction of the inner sleeve 50. A locking bolt 61 is slidably installed in each sliding hole 60, and the locking bolt 61 engages with the locking block 54 via threads. The top of the aforementioned slip ring 55 abuts against the locking bolt 61. The distance between the aforementioned sliding sleeve 58 and the fixed ring 69 is greater than the maximum stroke of the slip ring 55.

[0078] A second spring 59 is also fitted on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 50. The bottom of the second spring 59 abuts against the locking bolt 61, and the top abuts against the shoulder located in the middle of the inner sleeve 50.

[0079] The tensioning section, from bottom to top, includes a first frustum 66, a cylindrical section 67, and a second frustum 68. The small diameter end of the first frustum 66 is connected to the equal diameter section, the large diameter end of the first frustum 66 is connected to the bottom of the cylindrical section 67, the top of the cylindrical section 67 is connected to the large diameter end of the second frustum 68, and the small diameter end of the second frustum 68 is connected to the small diameter end of the flared section. In other words, the tensioning section is spindle-shaped as a whole.

[0080] like Figure 9 As shown, the top periphery of the inner sleeve 50 is provided with an integrally formed second flange 64, which is bolted to the top of the outer sleeve 46.

[0081] The top periphery of the outer sleeve 46 is provided with an integrally formed first flange 63, which is bolted to the step of the countersunk hole above the positioning hole.

[0082] The outer wall of the outer sleeve 46 is also integrally formed with a spline 62, and the inner wall of the positioning hole is provided with a spline groove that slides with the spline 62. The spline 62 and the spline groove are used for positioning the quick-connect seat 34 during installation to ensure smooth connection between the third oil inlet channel 45 and the fourth oil delivery channel 41.

[0083] A first limiting ring 49 and a second limiting ring 51 are also installed between the inner wall of the outer sleeve 46 and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 50. The second limiting ring 51 is located above the first limiting ring 49, and the first limiting ring 49 is located above the fixing ring 69.

[0084] The first limiting ring 49, the second limiting ring 51, the outer sleeve 46, and the inner sleeve 50 are all interference fit. This structure can prevent the inner sleeve 50 from moving radially and also prevent the inner sleeve 50 from deforming.

[0085] The structure of the aforementioned quick plug 35 is as follows Figure 11 As shown, it includes a third frustum portion 71 and a limiting handle 72 integrally formed on the small-diameter end of the third frustum portion 71. The limiting handle 72 has a locking groove 73 with an arc-shaped cross-section. The bottom periphery of the limiting handle 72 is chamfered.

[0086] The limiting handle 72 is provided with a pressing shoulder, which is located above the locking groove 73.

[0087] The large-diameter end of the third truncated cone 71 is welded to the bottom of the clamping platform 8.

[0088] Of course, the third frustum 71 can also be installed at the bottom of the clamping table 8 by means of threads. In this case, a threaded post needs to be fixedly installed on the top wall of the large diameter end of the third frustum 71, and the bottom of the clamping table 8 is provided with an internal threaded hole that matches the threaded post.

[0089] In this embodiment, during installation, hydraulic oil needs to be introduced into the annular oil groove 44. The hydraulic oil pushes the second piston 48 to move upward along the piston hole 47. The second piston 48 pushes the locking bolt 61 to move upward along the sliding hole 60 by pushing the slip ring 55. The locking bolt 61 drives the locking block 54 to move upward. When the stroke of the locking bolt 61 reaches its maximum, the ball 65 reaches the cylindrical part 67. At this time, the quick connector 35 is inserted into the first insertion hole 52. The chamfer at the bottom of the limiting handle 72 first contacts the ball 65. The ball 65 is pressed into the ball hole until the lower shoulder abuts against the top of the locking block 54. At this time, the locking groove 73 and the ball 65 are in the same plane. Due to the pressure of the hydraulic oil, the quick connector 35 can no longer descend.

[0090] Subsequently, the hydraulic oil in the annular oil groove 44 is depressurized. Under the action of the first spring 57 and the second spring 59, the second piston 48 and the locking block 54 return to their original positions, and the quick connector 35 also descends. Guided by the first truncated cone portion 66, the ball 65 is pressed into the locking groove 73 and fits tightly with the locking groove 73, thereby locking the quick connector 35. At the same time, the third truncated cone portion 71 abuts tightly against the inner wall of the flared mouth section.

[0091] The clamping table 8 in this invention can also be replaced by an indexing plate, a fixture, or other supporting components for carrying the workpiece.

Claims

1. A turntable structure, characterized in that, The device includes a protective shell (2) and a time grid encoder assembly. The time grid encoder assembly includes a time grid encoder. The encoder stator (14) of the time grid encoder is detachably installed inside the protective cover (16). The encoder rotor (15) of the time grid encoder is detachably installed at one end of a first connecting block (17) facing the encoder stator (14). The first connecting block (17) is rotatably installed inside the protective cover (16). The end of the first connecting block (17) away from the encoder rotor (15) is detachably connected to a second connecting block (21). A second ring support block (19) is detachably installed at one end of the protective cover (16) away from the encoder stator (14). A first convex ring (20) is integrally formed at one end of the second support block (19) away from the protective cover (16). A first ring groove matching the first convex ring (20) is opened on the second connecting block (21). The first convex ring (20) is located in the first ring groove and is in clearance fit with the first ring groove. One end of the protective shell (2) is detachably mounted with a base plate (1), and a hollow spindle (9) driven by a DD direct drive motor is installed inside the protective shell (2). One end of the spindle (9) is detachably mounted with a load-bearing component; the second support block (19) is detachably connected to the inner wall of the spindle (9), and the protective cover (16) is detachably mounted on one end of the fixing column (11). The other end of the fixing column (11) is detachably connected to the base plate (1). The top of the second support block (19) is detachably mounted with a first connecting plate (13), which is connected to the step of the third countersunk hole of the main shaft (9) by bolts; the edge of the protective cover (16) is fixed to the second connecting plate, and the second connecting plate is detachably connected to the fixing column (11); A shaft support and a first support block (5) are sequentially installed between one end of the main shaft (9) where the load-bearing component is installed and the protective shell (2). The first support block (5) is detachably connected to the protective shell (2) and one end of the stator of the DD direct drive motor. The end of the first support block (5) away from the DD direct drive motor is detachably connected to the limiting block (6). The limiting block (6) is fastened to the shaft support and is detachably connected to the shaft support. The shaft support is a bushing. The main shaft (9) has several positioning holes arranged in a circular array at one end where the bearing component is installed. The axis of the positioning holes is parallel to the axis of the main shaft (9). A quick-connect seat (34) is detachably installed in the positioning holes. A quick plug (35) that can be inserted into the quick-connect seat (34) is installed at the bottom of the bearing component. An annular locking groove (73) is provided on the quick plug (35). A ball (65) that can be squeezed into the locking groove (73) and locked in place is installed in the quick-connect seat (34). The quick-connector (34) includes an outer sleeve (46) detachably installed in a positioning hole, an inner sleeve (50) detachably installed inside the outer sleeve (46), a positioning ring provided at the end of the outer sleeve (46) away from the bearing component, and both the positioning ring and the end of the inner sleeve (50) away from the bearing component are threadedly connected to the base (42); a plurality of second pistons (48) are evenly installed in a circumferential array on the positioning ring, and an annular oil groove (44) for driving the second pistons (48) is provided on the base (42), the annular oil groove (44) is connected to the second oil nozzle (32) installed on the limit block (6) through an oil passage; a slip ring (55) and a fixed ring (69) are installed between the outer sleeve (46) and the inner sleeve (50), the fixed ring (69) is threadedly connected to the outer sleeve (46), and the fixed ring (69) is installed on the side of the slip ring (55) away from the second piston (48), the slip ring (55) and the fixed ring (69) are threadedly connected to the outer sleeve (46), and the fixed ring (69) is installed on the side of the slip ring (55) away from the second piston (48), the slip ring (55) and the fixed ring (69) are threadedly connected to the outer sleeve (46), and the fixed ring (69) is threadedly connected to the inner sleeve (50). A plurality of first springs (57) are arranged in a circular array. The second piston (48) abuts against the slip ring (55). A locking block (54) is slidably installed inside the inner sleeve (50). The locking block (54) has a second insertion hole (53) at one end facing the bearing component. A plurality of ball holes for accommodating balls (65) are evenly arranged in a circular array on the upper side wall of the second insertion hole (53). The inner sleeve (50) has a shuttle-shaped tensioning section. The ball holes reach the tensioning section. When the tight section is reached, the ball bearing (65) can be fully pressed into the ball hole; a locking bolt (61) is installed on the locking block (54), the locking bolt (61) passes through the sliding hole (60) on the inner sleeve (50) and abuts against the end of the slip ring (55) facing the fixed ring (69); a second spring (59) is also sleeved on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (50), one end of the second spring (59) abuts against the locking bolt (61), and the other end abuts against the shoulder provided in the middle of the inner sleeve (50).

2. The turntable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the outer sleeve (46) is integrally formed with a spline (62), and the inner wall of the positioning hole is provided with a spline groove that slides with the spline (62).

3. The turntable structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a brake assembly (12), which includes a clamping ring detachably connected to the protective shell (2). The clamping ring has a piston chamber (27) inside, and an annular first piston (28) is installed inside the piston chamber (27). The inner wall of the clamping ring has an annular clamping gap. A friction ring (31) is installed in the clamping gap by interference fit. The friction ring (31) is detachably connected to the end of the main shaft (9) near the base plate (1). The side of the piston chamber (27) away from the base plate (1) and the side near the base plate (1) are respectively connected to a first oil nozzle (24) installed on the clamping ring through an oil passage.

4. The turntable structure according to claim 3, characterized in that, The clamping ring is formed by the lower clamping ring (30) and the upper clamping ring (29) being tightly fastened together in a mirror image by a brake bolt.

5. The turntable structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the upper clamping ring (29) and the lower clamping ring (30) are provided with half holes, and the two half holes are engaged to form a complete oil hole, and the first oil nozzle (24) is installed in the oil hole.

Images