Whole vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate test tool, test system and test method

Abstract

The application provides a whole vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate test tool, a test system and a test method. The test tool comprises a base and a sealing press plate, and the base and the sealing press plate jointly enclose a valve plate accommodating cavity. The base is provided with a first gas passage and a gas pressure transmission passage, which are respectively connected with a gas source and a first pressure detection unit. The sealing press plate is provided with a second gas passage and a displacement detection unit, and the second gas passage is connected with a pressure storage container. The design of the double-path independent gas passage can apply independent and adjustable gas pressure, and accurately simulate the actual alternating stress working condition of the valve plate. The application can synchronously collect gas pressure and valve plate displacement data and construct a mechanical characteristic curve. The overall structure is compact, the sealing performance is reliable, independent detection can be completed without relying on the whole machine, and the detection cost is effectively reduced. The test tool integrates the functions of mechanical detection and fatigue life test, avoids multiple equipment switching operations, guarantees unified and comparable detection data, is convenient to disassemble and assemble, has strong applicability, and can stably meet the industrial detection requirements of the air pump valve plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive air suspension and vehicle air supply system technology, and particularly to testing fixtures, testing systems and testing methods for air pump valve plates in vehicle air supply systems. Background Technology

[0002] In automotive systems, both air suspension systems and vehicle air supply systems rely on air pumps (air compressors) as a key power source for compressing and delivering gas. Air suspension systems adjust vehicle height and support through air springs, effectively improving ride comfort and stability. Vehicle air supply systems, on the other hand, provide a continuous and reliable air supply to various pneumatic components, including the suspension, ensuring their proper functioning.

[0003] As a core functional component of an air pump, the elastic valve plate, mounted on the intake or exhaust valve seat, undergoes periodic elastic deformation under pressure differential as the piston moves, thus completing the air pump's intake, compression, and exhaust cycles. It is a key component for the air pump to achieve gas compression and delivery. During actual operation, this elastic valve plate is subjected to high pressure on one side of the air pump cylinder and back pressure constraint on the other, resulting in a long-term state of alternating stress. Its mechanical properties and fatigue life directly determine the air pump's efficiency, operating noise, and overall reliability. Therefore, accurate testing of the elastic valve plate's mechanical characteristics and fatigue life is crucial for air pump design optimization, valve plate selection, and product quality control. However, currently, there is a lack of dedicated testing equipment capable of accurately simulating the differential pressure conditions on both sides of the valve plate and achieving integrated testing of mechanical properties and fatigue life. Specifically, the following problems exist: First, the industry currently lacks specialized equipment to accurately establish quantitative force-deformation relationships. Elastic valve plates undergo varying degrees of elastic deflection deformation under different pressure differentials. The correspondence between their elastic restoring force and deflection deformation (i.e., the force-displacement characteristic curve) is crucial data for valve plate design and selection. However, existing general-purpose universal testing machines or elastic element testing instruments cannot accurately simulate the boundary conditions of valve plates under double-sided differential pressure in an air pump, where one side is pushed by high pressure and the other side is constrained by back pressure. This results in deviations between the obtained test data and the actual working conditions of the valve plates, limiting their reference value.

[0004] Meanwhile, current testing technology makes it difficult to independently control the pressure on both sides of the valve plate. When the elastic valve plate is working in the air pump, the exhaust side continuously bears the back pressure from the air storage container, while the intake side bears the changing high pressure inside the air pump cylinder. The pressure on both sides needs to be independently adjustable. However, existing general testing equipment can usually only apply pressure load on one side and cannot apply different and independently adjustable pressures to both sides of the valve plate. This makes the stress state of the valve plate during testing inconsistent with the actual working state, which seriously affects the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0005] Based on the above, existing testing technologies still struggle to conduct independent fatigue life assessments detached from the entire pump. The elastic valve plate reciprocates at a high frequency within the air pump, and existing general-purpose testing equipment cannot efficiently simulate this high-frequency cyclic loading condition or accurately count the number of valve plate movements. Therefore, independent fatigue life assessments of the elastic valve plate cannot be performed without the air pump itself. Correspondingly, existing technologies also cannot simultaneously handle both types of testing functions on the same platform. Currently, there is no publicly available device or method capable of simultaneously performing both mechanical property characterization and fatigue life assessment of the elastic valve plate on the same testing platform. Performing these two types of tests on different equipment would not only increase equipment investment and operational steps but also affect the consistency and comparability of the test data, hindering the efficient implementation of valve plate testing.

[0006] In addition, traditional whole pump durability testing is costly and inefficient. Traditional valve plate life testing methods usually involve installing the valve plate on the whole air pump for durability operation testing. After the test, the entire air pump needs to be scrapped. This method can only test the life of one set of valve plates per air pump, which is not only costly and inefficient, but also not conducive to large-scale comparative screening tests of valve plates with different materials or different structural parameters. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, such as lack of ability to realistically simulate the actual two-sided differential pressure working condition of the air pump, inability to independently adjust the pressure on both sides of the valve plate, difficulty in independently evaluating the fatigue life of the valve plate without the whole pump, high cost and low efficiency of traditional testing, and inability to achieve integrated testing of mechanical properties and fatigue life on the same platform. The present invention provides a test fixture, test system and test method for air pump valve plates of the whole vehicle air supply system.

[0008] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a testing fixture for an air pump valve plate in a vehicle air supply system. The fixture includes a base and a sealing plate. The sealing plate is detachably connected to the base via fasteners and, together with the base, encloses a valve plate receiving cavity. The valve plate to be tested is disposed within the valve plate receiving cavity. The base contains a first gas channel and a pressure transmission channel. One end of the first gas channel is connected to a gas source, and the other end is connected to the valve plate receiving cavity. One end of the pressure transmission channel is connected to the first gas channel, and the other end is equipped with a first pressure detection unit. The sealing plate contains a second gas channel. One end of the second gas channel is connected to the valve plate receiving cavity, and the other end is connected to a pressure accumulator. The sealing plate is equipped with a displacement detection unit, the detection end of which is aligned with the valve plate to be tested. One end of the valve plate to be tested is connected to the base. The outlet ends of the first and second gas channels are located on opposite sides of the valve plate in the thickness direction, allowing for the simultaneous application of independent and adjustable gas pressures to both sides of the valve plate.

[0009] In one embodiment of the present invention, one end of the valve plate to be tested is connected to the base in the length direction by a fastener, and the other end is suspended in the valve plate receiving cavity and can be elastically deflected under air pressure.

[0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the sealing pressure plate is provided with a sealing ring on its edge, which is detachably connected to the base by fastening bolts, and the sealing ring is interference-fitted between the sealing pressure plate and the base, so that a sealing space is formed inside the valve plate receiving cavity.

[0011] The present invention also provides an air pump valve plate testing system, including the above-mentioned vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate testing fixture, an air source, a pressure storage container, and a control processing unit. The air supply end of the air source is connected to a first gas channel, and the air supply end of the pressure storage container is connected to a second gas channel. The air source, the pressure storage container, the first pressure detection unit, and the displacement detection unit are respectively signal connected to the control processing unit.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, the control processing unit includes a signal acquisition module, a motion counting module, and a data processing module. The first pressure detection unit and the displacement detection unit are respectively connected to the signal acquisition module. The signal acquisition module converts the acquired pressure and displacement analog signals into digital signals and transmits them synchronously to the motion counting module and the data processing module. The motion counting module counts the number of deflection-recovery cycles of the valve plate under test, and the data processing module plots the force-displacement curve of the valve plate by calculating the periodic elastic restoring force of the valve plate.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the periodic elastic restoring force F = ΔP × S, where ΔP is the difference between the output air pressure of the air source and the output air pressure of the accumulator, and S is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the valve plate under test within the period.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the air pump valve plate testing system further includes a gas path switching valve, which includes an air inlet and two air supply ports. The air inlet is connected to a gas source, one of the air supply ports is connected to a first gas channel, and the other air supply port is connected to a pressure accumulator. The air supply end of the pressure accumulator is connected to a second gas channel.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the accumulator is provided with a pressure regulating valve and a second pressure detection unit, the second pressure detection unit being connected to the control processing unit.

[0016] This invention also provides a method for testing air pump valve plates, which uses the aforementioned air pump valve plate testing system to test the mechanical properties and fatigue life of the valve plates, comprising: Step S1: Connect one end of the valve piece to be tested to the base, and then connect the sealing plate to the base so that the valve piece to be tested is located in the sealed valve piece receiving cavity; connect the gas source to the first gas channel on the base, and connect the pressure accumulator to the second gas channel on the sealing plate; connect the first pressure detection unit to the air pressure transmission channel of the base, and connect the displacement detection unit to the sealing plate so that the detection end of the displacement detection unit is aligned with the valve piece to be tested; Step S2: Connect the first pressure detection unit, the displacement detection unit, the air source, and the second pressure detection unit on the accumulator to the control processing unit respectively; Step S3: Supply gas to the accumulator until the internal pressure of the accumulator reaches the preset back pressure value P0, then stop the gas supply to apply a constant back pressure P0 to the valve plate under test through the second gas channel. Step S4: Perform mechanical property testing and fatigue life testing on the valve plate to be tested, respectively. The mechanical property testing process includes: Step S4a: Supply gas to the first gas channel through the gas source to gradually increase the pressure P1 on the high-pressure side of the valve plate under test until the valve plate under test deflects. During the deflection process, the displacement δ of the valve plate under test is recorded by the displacement detection unit. At the same time, the pressure difference ΔP=P1-P0 on both sides of the valve plate under test is recorded by the control processing unit. Continuous gas filling is used to continuously collect the corresponding data of ΔP and δ. Step S4b: Calculate the elastic restoring force F corresponding to each sampling point according to the formula F=ΔP×S, and plot the relationship curve between the elastic restoring force F of the valve plate under test and the deflection displacement δ, where S is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the valve plate under test in the current deflection state. The fatigue life detection process includes: Step S41: Supply gas to the first gas channel through the gas source until the deflection displacement of the valve plate to be tested reaches the preset target displacement value δ0. Step S42: Depressurize the valve plate accommodating cavity. After the valve plate under test elastically recovers, repeat step S41 until the valve plate under test breaks or fails, or the deflection displacement changes abnormally. Then determine the current cumulative number of cycles as the fatigue life of the valve plate.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the gas supply end of the gas source is provided with a gas path switching valve, the first gas channel and the pressure storage container are both connected to the gas supply end of the gas source through the gas path switching valve, and the gas path switching valve is signal connected to the control processing unit. The air pump valve plate testing method also includes multi-station parallel fatigue life testing: multiple valve plates to be tested are respectively connected to the valve plate receiving cavity of multiple vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate testing fixtures, the first gas channels of the multiple vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate testing fixtures are connected to the output end of the air circuit switching valve through parallel branches, and the second gas channels are connected to the pressure accumulator through parallel branches, so as to simultaneously test multiple valve plates to be tested under the same working conditions.

[0018] The technical solution of the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: The vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate testing fixture, testing system, and testing method described in this invention form a closed valve plate accommodating cavity through the cooperation of a base and a sealing pressure plate. Independent air paths are constructed on both sides of the valve plate thickness direction using a first gas channel and a second gas channel, with one side connected to a gas source and the other side connected to a pressure storage container. This enables separate control and independent loading of the gas pressure on both sides of the valve plate, accurately replicating the alternating stress conditions of single-sided high pressure and single-sided back pressure in actual operation of the air pump valve plate. This completely solves the problem that traditional testing equipment can only pressurize one side and the stress simulation is distorted, effectively improving the authenticity and consistency of the test data.

[0019] Simultaneously, a first pressure detection unit and a sealing plate integrated displacement detection unit are set in the base, which can synchronously collect air pressure parameters and valve plate deflection deformation during the test process in real time, accurately calculate the corresponding relationship between valve plate elastic recovery force and deformation, and quickly construct mechanical characteristic curves, providing accurate data support for valve plate structure optimization and material selection.

[0020] The overall tooling structure is compact and easy to assemble and disassemble. The valve plate to be tested can be directly and independently clamped and fixed in the valve plate receiving cavity. The test can be completed without relying on the complete air pump. This eliminates the disadvantages of traditional whole pump durability testing, which depends on the whole machine and the whole pump is scrapped after the test. It significantly reduces the cost of test consumables and test investment, and significantly improves the testing efficiency.

[0021] Furthermore, this fixture relies on a modular sealing assembly structure, ensuring reliable sealing performance and maintaining a stable differential pressure testing environment. It can perform quantitative testing of valve plate mechanical properties statically, and can also be used with air circuit circulation switching to achieve high-frequency reciprocating pressurization and unloading, simulating the motion state of valve plate under long-term alternating loads, and completing fatigue life cycle testing. It integrates mechanical testing and life testing functions on the same fixture structure, reducing the operational complexity caused by switching between multiple devices, ensuring the uniformity and comparability of valve plate test data in the same batch, and adapting to the industrial testing needs of batch sampling inspection, performance comparison, and durability verification of air pump valve plates.

[0022] In particular, traditional testing methods can only test one valve plate at a time with a single pump, while this testing device can achieve multi-station parallel testing, testing multiple valve plates simultaneously, significantly improving testing efficiency, greatly shortening the batch testing cycle, and better meeting the needs of rapid screening and performance verification of large-scale industrial valve plates. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To make the content of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the air pump valve plate testing fixture for the vehicle air supply system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a partial internal structure of the test fixture for the air pump valve plate of the vehicle's air supply system. Figure 3 yes Figure 1 The exploded structural diagram of the air pump valve plate test fixture for the vehicle's air supply system is shown. Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of section AA in the test fixture for the air pump valve plate of the vehicle's air supply system. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structural design of an air pump valve plate testing system according to another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structural design of the air pump valve plate testing system described in this invention under a multi-station parallel state.

[0025] Explanation of reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 100, base; 110, first gas passage; 120, air pressure transmission passage; 200, sealing plate; 210, second gas passage; 300, valve plate receiving cavity; 400, first pressure detection unit; 500, displacement detection unit; 600, valve plate to be tested; 700, fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can better understand and implement the present invention. However, the embodiments described are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] Example 1: See Figures 1 to 4As shown, this embodiment provides a testing fixture for an air pump valve plate of a vehicle air supply system, comprising: a base 100 and a sealing plate 200. The sealing plate 200 is detachably connected to one side of the base 100 by fasteners and together with the base 100, encloses a valve plate receiving cavity 300. The valve plate 600 to be tested is disposed in the valve plate receiving cavity 300. The base 100 is provided with a first gas channel 110 and a pressure transmission channel 120. One end of the first gas channel 110 is connected to a gas source, and the other end is connected to the valve plate receiving cavity 300. One end of the pressure transmission channel 120 is connected to the first gas channel 110. The other end is equipped with a first pressure detection unit 400; the sealing plate 200 is provided with a second gas channel 210, one end of the second gas channel 210 is connected to the valve plate receiving cavity 300, and the other end is connected to the pressure accumulator. The sealing plate 200 is provided with a displacement detection unit 500, and the detection end of the displacement detection unit 500 is aligned with the valve plate 600 to be tested; one end of the valve plate 600 to be tested is connected to the base 100, and the outlet ends of the first gas channel 110 and the second gas channel 210 are respectively located on both sides of the thickness direction of the valve plate 600 to be tested, so as to apply independent and adjustable gas pressures to both sides of the valve plate 600 to be tested simultaneously.

[0028] In this embodiment, the base 100 serves as the mounting foundation for the tooling, providing a stable mounting carrier for the sealing plate 200, the first pressure detection unit, and the valve plate 600 under test, ensuring the stability of the entire tooling structure and preventing data deviation caused by vibration during testing. Simultaneously, the first gas channel 110 and the air pressure transmission channel 120 machined inside the base 100 are the core channels for realizing pressure loading and pressure detection on the high-pressure side of the valve plate. The first gas channel 110 is responsible for delivering compressed gas from the gas source to the valve plate receiving cavity 300, applying high pressure to one side of the valve plate. The air pressure transmission channel 120 connects the first gas channel 110 to the first pressure detection unit, providing a path for real-time acquisition of pressure parameters. Furthermore, the base 100 connects and fixes one end of the valve plate 600 under test, defining the valve plate's installation position and ensuring that the valve plate can elastically deflect at a preset position. Simultaneously, the sealing plate 200, together with the valve plate receiving cavity 300, provides sufficient space for the valve plate's deflection movement, preventing interference during valve plate movement and ensuring the smoothness of the testing process.

[0029] The core function of the sealing plate 200 is to seal, construct the back pressure gas path, and install the displacement detection unit 500, working in conjunction with the base 100 to simulate the differential pressure condition on both sides of the valve plate. The sealing plate 200 is detachably connected to one side of the base 100, together with the base 100, forming a closed valve plate receiving cavity 300. The detachable connection design facilitates the clamping and disassembly of the valve plate 600 under test, improving the ease of operation of the tooling. At the same time, its sealing structure ensures the sealing of the valve plate receiving cavity 300, preventing gas leakage, ensuring the stability of the differential pressure environment during the test, and avoiding pressure deviation caused by gas leakage. Meanwhile, the second gas channel 210 inside the sealing plate 200 is the core channel for realizing the pressure loading on the back pressure side of the valve plate. One end is connected to the valve plate receiving cavity 300, and the other end is connected to the pressure accumulator, which can deliver the stable back pressure in the pressure accumulator to the other side of the valve plate, forming an independent gas path on both sides of the valve plate in conjunction with the first gas channel 110.

[0030] Furthermore, the displacement detection unit 500 installed on the sealing plate 200 provides an installation carrier for the real-time detection of the valve plate deflection deformation, ensuring that the detection end of the displacement detection unit 500 can be accurately aligned with the valve plate 600 under test, realizing the accurate acquisition of the valve plate deflection displacement, and providing key data for the construction of mechanical characteristic curves.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the sealing plate 200 is provided with a sealing ring on its edge, which is detachably connected to the base 100 by fastening bolts. The sealing ring is interference-fitted between the sealing plate 200 and the base 100 to form a sealed space inside the valve plate receiving cavity 300. The gas leakage at the joint gap is blocked by the compression deformation of the sealing ring, so that a sealed space is formed inside the valve plate receiving cavity 300. This ensures that the pressure difference environment on both sides of the valve plate is stable and controllable, avoids pressure attenuation and distortion of working condition simulation due to air leakage, and ensures the sealing performance and detection accuracy of the overall testing process.

[0032] In this embodiment, the valve plate accommodating cavity 300 serves as the installation and movement space for the valve plate 600 under test. Its core function is to provide a stable testing environment for the valve plate, ensuring that it can elastically deflect in a simulated actual working state. On one hand, the accommodating cavity 300 can precisely accommodate the valve plate 600 under test, limiting its installation posture and ensuring that the outlet ends of the first gas channel 110 and the second gas channel 210 are aligned with both sides of the valve plate's thickness direction, achieving precise loading of pressure on both sides. On the other hand, the accommodating cavity 300 provides sufficient space for the elastic deflection of the valve plate, preventing collisions or interference between the valve plate and other components of the tooling during deflection. This ensures that the valve plate can freely complete the "deflection-return" cyclic movement, guaranteeing the smooth conduct of fatigue life testing and preventing damage to the valve plate caused by motion interference, thus ensuring the authenticity of the test results.

[0033] Specifically, in this embodiment, one end of the valve plate 600 under test is connected to the base 100 along its length by a fastener 700, achieving precise positioning and reliable fastening of the valve plate's fixed end. This ensures the stability of the valve plate's installation posture and avoids detection deviations caused by loosening during testing. The other end is suspended in the valve plate receiving cavity 300 and can elastically deflect under air pressure, providing sufficient elastic deflection space for the valve plate. This allows the valve plate to freely complete elastic deflection and reset movements under the drive of the air pressure difference on both sides, accurately simulating its actual working state of periodic deformation with piston movement in the air pump. This provides a real and stable motion basis for subsequent mechanical property testing and fatigue life assessment.

[0034] Furthermore, the first gas channel 110 is the core transmission channel for loading the high-pressure side of the valve plate. Its function is to stably deliver the compressed gas output from the gas source to the valve plate receiving cavity 300, applying an adjustable high pressure to one side of the valve plate 600 under test. One end of this channel is connected to the gas source, which can receive the compressed gas output from the gas source, and the other end is connected to the valve plate receiving cavity 300, directly applying the compressed gas to one side of the valve plate 600 under test. This, together with the second gas channel 210, enables independent loading of pressure on both sides of the valve plate. At the same time, the first gas channel 110 is connected to the gas pressure transmission channel 120, which can transmit the gas pressure in the channel to the first pressure detection unit, facilitating real-time monitoring of the pressure value on the high-pressure side. This provides a basis for pressure adjustment, ensuring that the high-pressure side pressure can accurately reach the preset value, thereby realistically simulating the actual working condition of the valve plate under high pressure inside the cylinder in the air pump.

[0035] The core function of the pneumatic transmission channel 120 is to connect the first gas channel 110 with the first pressure detection unit, providing a transmission path for real-time detection of the high-pressure side pressure. One end of the channel is connected to the first gas channel 110, enabling the acquisition of gas pressure signals within the first gas channel 110. The other end is connected to the first pressure detection unit, transmitting the pressure signal to the detection unit, allowing the detection unit to obtain the high-pressure side pressure value in real time and accurately. Simultaneously, the pressure signal transmitted through the pneumatic transmission channel 120 can be fed back to the control unit, realizing closed-loop regulation of the gas source output pressure, ensuring that the high-pressure side pressure remains stable within a preset range, avoiding detection data deviations caused by pressure fluctuations, and ensuring the accuracy of the test.

[0036] The first pressure detection unit preferably uses a pressure sensor with an accuracy of not less than 0.5%FS. Its function is to detect the gas pressure in the first gas channel 110 in real time and transmit the pressure signal to the control processing unit, providing accurate data support for pressure regulation and mechanical property calculation. On the one hand, by detecting the high-pressure side pressure in real time, it can be ensured that the high-pressure side pressure can be accurately adjusted according to the test requirements, avoiding valve plate damage or detection distortion caused by excessively high or low pressure. On the other hand, the detected pressure data and the deflection displacement collected by the displacement detection unit 500 can be used to calculate the elastic restoring force of the valve plate through a formula, thereby constructing the correspondence between the elastic restoring force and the deflection deformation (force-displacement characteristic curve), providing accurate data basis for valve plate design optimization and material selection, and solving the problem that traditional detection equipment cannot accurately obtain the quantitative relationship between force and deformation.

[0037] The second gas channel 210 is the core transmission channel for loading the back pressure side of the valve plate. Its function is to deliver the stable back pressure in the accumulator container to the valve plate receiving cavity 300, applying an independently adjustable back pressure to the other side of the valve plate 600 under test. Together with the first gas channel 110, it simulates the differential pressure condition on both sides of the valve plate. One end of this channel is connected to the accumulator container, receiving gas at a preset pressure within it. The other end is connected to the valve plate receiving cavity 300, applying a stable back pressure to the other side of the valve plate 600 under test. This allows the valve plate to withstand high pressure and back pressure on both sides, accurately replicating the actual stress state of the valve plate within the air pump. Simultaneously, the independent design of the second gas channel 210 ensures that the back pressure and high pressure side pressure can be independently adjusted, overcoming the limitation of traditional testing equipment that cannot independently control the pressure on both sides of the valve plate, thus improving the realism of the test conditions and the accuracy of the test data.

[0038] The displacement detection unit preferably employs a non-contact or contact displacement sensor with a resolution of no less than 0.005 mm. Its function is to detect the deflection displacement of the free end of the valve plate 600 under test in real time and transmit the displacement signal to the control processing unit, providing key data for mechanical property testing and fatigue life assessment. The detection end of this unit is aligned with the valve plate 600 under test, enabling it to accurately capture every deflection displacement of the valve plate under pressure differential. On the one hand, the displacement data, combined with the pressure data from the first pressure detection unit, can be used to calculate the elastic restoring force of the valve plate, constructing a force-displacement characteristic curve to achieve quantitative detection of the valve plate's mechanical properties. On the other hand, by monitoring the "deflection-recovery" cycle of the valve plate in real time, the number of cycles of the valve plate can be accurately counted. When the valve plate experiences fracture failure or abnormal displacement, its fatigue life can be determined, achieving independent fatigue life assessment separate from the entire pump, thus solving the problem that traditional testing equipment cannot accurately count the number of valve plate movements.

[0039] In this embodiment, the first pressure detection unit 400 can collect the gas pressure value inside the first gas channel 110 in real time, continuously feedback the pressure change on the high-pressure side, and transmit the pressure signal to the control processing unit for real-time calibration and closed-loop control of the gas source output pressure, ensuring that the test pressure parameters are accurate and controllable, and at the same time providing raw pressure data for the calculation of the valve plate elastic force.

[0040] The displacement detection unit 500 can monitor the deflection deformation of the valve plate 600 under air pressure in real time, continuously collect the valve plate displacement change signal and upload it to the control processing unit. It can establish a force-displacement correspondence with the pressure data to complete the mechanical performance test, and can also determine the number of cycles by identifying the complete action of valve plate deflection and reset, providing accurate displacement basis for fatigue life test.

[0041] Example 2: See Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides an air pump valve plate testing system, which includes the vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate testing fixture described in Embodiment 1, an air source, a pressure accumulator, and a control processing unit. The air supply end of the air source is connected to the first gas channel 110, and the air supply end of the pressure accumulator is connected to the second gas channel 210. The air source, the pressure accumulator, the first pressure detection unit 400, and the displacement detection unit 500 are respectively signal-connected to the control processing unit.

[0042] Among them, the air pump valve plate testing fixture for the whole vehicle air supply system is used to stably clamp and fix the valve plate 600 under test, independently separate the air passage space on both sides of the valve plate, and form a sealed valve plate accommodating cavity 300 with the base 100 and the sealing pressure plate 200, providing the valve plate with an interference-free elastic deflection environment; relying on the internal first gas channel 110 and second gas channel 210 respectively to connect to the air source and the pressure storage container, the valve plate can be independently loaded with air pressure on both sides, accurately simulating the actual differential pressure stress condition of the valve plate, and integrating the installation base for pressure detection and displacement detection. It is a key structure for realizing mechanical parameter acquisition and fatigue cycle testing.

[0043] As the power supply component on the high-pressure side of the system, the gas source continuously outputs controllable compressed gas and connects to the first gas channel 110 of the tooling, providing an adjustable high-pressure gas source for the valve plate 600 under test. The intake pressure and the inflation and deflation rhythm can be flexibly adjusted according to the test requirements. It can not only perform steady-state pressurization to complete the mechanical characteristic test of the valve plate, but also achieve high-frequency reciprocating loading by cyclically switching the gas pressure, providing a periodic gas pressure drive source for the fatigue life test of the valve plate.

[0044] The accumulator container is used to store and stably output constant-pressure gas. It is independently connected to the second gas channel 210 of the tooling, continuously providing stable back pressure to the other side of the valve plate, unaffected by dynamic inflation and deflation fluctuations of the gas source. It accurately simulates the actual working environment of the air pump valve plate under long-term back pressure from the stored gas, and works with the gas source to achieve independent pressure control on both sides of the valve plate, ensuring the realism and consistency of the differential pressure simulation. The volume of the accumulator container is preferably 10-20 times the volume of the first gas channel to ensure back pressure stability.

[0045] Furthermore, the accumulator is equipped with a pressure regulating valve and a second pressure detection unit, the second pressure detection unit being connected to the control processing unit. The pressure regulating valve is used to precisely adjust and stabilize the back pressure value inside the accumulator, enabling independent and controllable adjustment of the back pressure side pressure of the valve plate. The second pressure detection unit collects the internal pressure parameters of the accumulator in real time and feeds them back to the control processing unit, thereby enabling real-time monitoring and closed-loop control of the back pressure environment, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the pressure difference simulation on both sides of the valve plate.

[0046] The control and processing unit serves two purposes: firstly, it unifies the connection with the gas source and pressurization container to achieve coordinated control of the gas circuit's working status, precisely regulating the pressurization sequence, pressure threshold, and cycle frequency; secondly, it receives the acquisition signals from the first pressure detection unit 400 and the displacement detection unit 500 in real time, synchronously records the gas pressure data and valve deflection deformation data, completes differential pressure calculation, force value conversion, and characteristic curve generation, and simultaneously identifies and automatically counts the valve reciprocating deflection cycle, integrating to achieve quantitative analysis of mechanical properties and accurate assessment of fatigue life, ensuring the integrity, controllability, and traceability of the detection data.

[0047] Furthermore, the control processing unit includes a signal acquisition module, a motion counting module, and a data processing module. The first pressure detection unit 400 and the displacement detection unit 500 are respectively connected to the signal acquisition module. The signal acquisition module converts the acquired pressure and displacement analog signals into digital signals and transmits them synchronously to the motion counting module and the data processing module. The motion counting module counts the number of deflection-return cycles of the valve plate 600 under test, and the data processing module plots the force-displacement curve of the valve plate by calculating the periodic elastic restoring force of the valve plate.

[0048] Specifically, the first pressure detection unit 400 and the displacement detection unit 500 are respectively connected to the signal acquisition module. The signal acquisition module is responsible for receiving the air pressure and displacement analog signals transmitted by the two detection units in real time, converting them into recognizable and processable digital signals, and then transmitting them synchronously to the motion counting module and the data processing module. The motion counting module identifies each complete "deflection-return" action of the valve plate 600 under test by analyzing the displacement signal, accurately counts the number of cyclic movements of the valve plate, and provides core counting basis for fatigue life assessment. The data processing module, based on the digital signals transmitted by the signal acquisition module, calculates the periodic elastic restoring force of the valve plate under different deflection states, and further plots the force-displacement curve of the valve plate, clearly presenting the mechanical characteristics of the valve plate, and providing accurate data support for valve plate design optimization and performance verification.

[0049] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the periodic elastic restoring force F = ΔP × S, where ΔP is the difference between the output air pressure of the air source and the output air pressure of the accumulator, used to characterize the actual pressure difference on both sides of the valve plate 600 under test, and S is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the valve plate 600 under the current deflection state within the period. In this way, the periodic elastic restoring force generated by the valve plate under the action of pressure difference can be accurately calculated, ensuring that the mechanical calculation results are accurate and reliable.

[0050] In this embodiment, the air pump valve plate testing system further includes a gas path switching valve. The gas path switching valve includes an air inlet and two air supply ports. The air inlet is connected to a gas source, one of the air supply ports is connected to a first gas channel 110, and the other air supply port is connected to a pressure accumulator. The air supply end of the pressure accumulator is connected to a second gas channel 210. After the pressure accumulator independently completes pressure stabilization and gas storage, it connects to the second gas channel 210 through its own air supply end. This allows for flexible switching of the gas source supply path via the gas path switching valve, enabling time-sharing of high-pressure side gas supply and pressure accumulator pressurization operations, and stably establishing independent pressure environments on both sides of the valve plate.

[0051] See Figure 6 As shown, in different implementations, this air pump valve plate testing system can achieve multi-station parallel testing. Figure 6 The present invention demonstrates a structural design for parallel testing at four workstations. Compared to the current conventional design where a single pump can only test one valve plate at a time, this application can test four or more valve plates at a time, improving testing efficiency by more than 75%. In different implementations, the number of tests per time can be adaptively adjusted according to actual usage requirements, and the present invention does not impose specific limitations on this.

[0052] Example 3: This example provides a method for testing air pump valve plates, which uses the air pump valve plate testing system described in Example 2 to test the mechanical properties and fatigue life of the valve plates. The method includes: Step S1: Connect one end of the valve piece to be tested to the base, and then connect the sealing plate to the base so that the valve piece to be tested is located in the sealed valve piece receiving cavity; connect the gas source to the first gas channel on the base, and connect the pressure accumulator to the second gas channel on the sealing plate; connect the first pressure detection unit to the air pressure transmission channel of the base, and connect the displacement detection unit to the sealing plate so that the detection end of the displacement detection unit is aligned with the valve piece to be tested; this step is the basic preparation step of the entire test, used to complete the tooling assembly, gas circuit connection and detection unit installation, providing a stable hardware foundation for subsequent testing. First, connect one end of the valve disc to the base and the sealing plate to the base to create a sealed valve disc housing cavity. This ensures precise positioning and reliable clamping of the valve disc, guaranteeing that its installation posture meets testing requirements. The sealed space also prevents gas leakage, ensuring the stability of the subsequent differential pressure environment. Second, connect the gas source to the first gas channel and the pressure accumulator to the second gas channel, establishing independent gas paths on both sides of the valve disc to prepare for subsequent dual-side pressure loading. Finally, install the first pressure detection unit and the displacement detection unit. This ensures that the first pressure detection unit accurately collects the high-pressure side pressure and that the detection end of the displacement detection unit effectively contacts the valve disc, achieving accurate signal acquisition and providing a foundation for subsequent data processing.

[0053] Step S2: Connect the first pressure detection unit, displacement detection unit, air source, and the second pressure detection unit on the pressure accumulator to the control processing unit. This step establishes a closed loop for signal transmission and control of the entire testing system, enabling the control processing unit to uniformly manage and aggregate data from each component. Connecting the first pressure detection unit, displacement detection unit, air source, and second pressure detection unit to the control processing unit allows the unit to receive real-time air pressure data from the two pressure detection units and displacement data from the displacement detection unit, providing data support for subsequent data calculation and operating condition control. Furthermore, it enables the control processing unit to send air supply and depressurization commands to the air source, achieving precise control over the air pressure loading rhythm and pressure magnitude, ensuring the testing process proceeds in an orderly manner according to the preset procedure, and guaranteeing the automation and accuracy of the testing.

[0054] Step S3: Supply air to the accumulator until the internal pressure reaches the preset back pressure value P0, then stop the inflation to apply a constant back pressure P0 to the valve under test through the second gas channel. This step simulates the back pressure environment of the valve under actual operation, laying the foundation for constructing a dual-side differential pressure condition. By supplying air to the accumulator to the preset back pressure value P0 and stopping the inflation, the constant back pressure P0 is applied to one side of the valve under test through the second gas channel, accurately replicating the actual working state of the air pump valve under long-term back pressure from the gas storage container on the exhaust side. At the same time, the establishment of a constant back pressure can form a stable pressure difference ΔP with the subsequent high-pressure side pressure P1, ensuring the accuracy of force calculation in subsequent mechanical property testing, avoiding deviations in test data due to back pressure fluctuations, and ensuring the authenticity of the operating condition simulation.

[0055] Step S4: Perform mechanical property testing and fatigue life testing on the valve plate to be tested, respectively. The mechanical property testing process includes: Step S4a: Gas is supplied to the first gas channel through a gas source to gradually increase the high-pressure side pressure P1 of the valve plate under test until the valve plate deflects. During the deflection process, the displacement detection unit records the deflection displacement δ of the valve plate under test, and the control processing unit simultaneously records the pressure difference ΔP = P1 - P0 on both sides of the valve plate under test. Continuous gas supply is used to continuously collect the corresponding data of ΔP and δ. This step collects the basic data of the valve plate's mechanical properties, providing the original basis for subsequent force-displacement curve plotting. By gradually supplying gas to the first gas channel through a gas source to increase the high-pressure side pressure P1, the valve plate undergoes elastic deflection, simulating the actual force process of the valve plate being pushed by high pressure in the air pump. At the same time, the displacement detection unit records the deflection displacement δ in real time, and the control processing unit simultaneously records the pressure difference ΔP = P1 - P0 on both sides. Continuous gas supply ensures continuous acquisition of the corresponding relationship between ΔP and δ, ensuring that the collected data is comprehensive and continuous, and can completely reflect the deflection state of the valve plate under different pressure differences, providing accurate original data for subsequent elastic restoring force calculation.

[0056] Step S4b: Calculate the elastic restoring force F corresponding to each sampling point according to the formula F=ΔP×S, and plot the relationship curve between the elastic restoring force F and the deflection displacement δ of the valve disc under test, where S is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the valve disc under test. This step transforms the collected raw data into a curve that can intuitively reflect the mechanical characteristics of the valve disc, providing data support for valve disc design optimization and selection. According to the formula F=ΔP×S ​​(where S is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the valve disc), the elastic restoring force F corresponding to each sampling point is calculated. By integrating the corresponding data of F and the deflection displacement δ, the relationship curve between the elastic restoring force and the deflection displacement is plotted, clearly and quantitatively presenting the mechanical characteristics of the valve disc. This solves the problem that traditional testing methods cannot accurately establish a quantitative relationship between force and deformation, achieving accurate characterization of the valve disc's mechanical characteristics.

[0057] The fatigue life detection process includes: Step S41: Supply air to the first gas channel through the air source until the deflection displacement of the valve plate under test reaches the preset target displacement value δ0. This step simulates the high-frequency reciprocating force state of the valve plate in the air pump, laying the foundation for fatigue cycle testing. By supplying air to the first gas channel through the air source, the deflection displacement of the valve plate reaches the preset target displacement value δ0, simulating the maximum deflection state of the valve plate under high pressure in actual operation. This ensures that the deflection amplitude is consistent in each cycle, closely matching the alternating force amplitude of the valve plate in actual operation, and providing a unified judgment standard for subsequent cyclic loading and unloading and fatigue life statistics.

[0058] Step S42: Depressurize the valve plate accommodating cavity. After the valve plate under test elastically recovers, repeat step S41 until the valve plate under test breaks or fails, or an abnormal change occurs in the deflection displacement. The current cumulative number of cycles is then determined as the fatigue life of the valve plate. This step simulates the long-term alternating stress process of the valve plate, accurately calculates the fatigue life, and achieves independent fatigue assessment separate from the entire pump. By depressurizing the valve plate accommodating cavity to allow the valve plate to elastically recover, and then repeating step S41, a high-frequency cycle of "pressurization-deflection-depressurization-recovery" is formed, simulating the long-term alternating stress state of the valve plate within the air pump. Simultaneously, the cumulative number of cycles is calculated by the control processing unit. When the valve plate breaks or experiences abnormal displacement, the current cumulative number of cycles is determined as the fatigue life. This avoids the high cost and low efficiency of traditional whole-pump testing, and accurately quantifies the fatigue life of the valve plate, providing a reliable basis for valve plate quality verification.

[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the gas supply end of the gas source is equipped with a gas path switching valve. Both the first gas channel and the pressure storage container are connected to the gas supply end of the gas source through the gas path switching valve, and the gas path switching valve is signal-connected to the control processing unit. The gas path switching valve enables time-sharing switching of the gas supply path of a single gas source, selectively delivering compressed gas to either the first gas channel or the pressure storage container. Simultaneously, the gas path switching valve establishes a signal connection with the control processing unit, which uniformly regulates the on / off state and switching sequence of the gas path, ensuring coordinated and controllable overall gas path operation.

[0060] In summary, the vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate testing fixture, testing system, and testing method described in this invention form a closed valve plate accommodating cavity through the cooperation of the base and the sealing pressure plate. Independent air paths are constructed on both sides of the valve plate thickness direction using the first gas channel and the second gas channel respectively. One side is connected to the air source, and the other side is connected to the pressure storage container. This enables separate control and independent loading of the gas pressure on both sides of the valve plate, accurately replicating the alternating stress conditions of single-sided high pressure and single-sided back pressure in actual operation of the air pump valve plate. This completely solves the problem that traditional testing equipment can only pressurize one side and the stress simulation is distorted, effectively improving the authenticity and consistency of the test data.

[0061] Simultaneously, a first pressure detection unit and a sealing plate integrated displacement detection unit are set in the base, which can synchronously collect air pressure parameters and valve plate deflection deformation during the test process in real time, accurately calculate the corresponding relationship between valve plate elastic recovery force and deformation, and quickly construct mechanical characteristic curves, providing accurate data support for valve plate structure optimization and material selection.

[0062] The overall tooling structure is compact and easy to assemble and disassemble. The valve plate to be tested can be directly and independently clamped and fixed in the valve plate receiving cavity. The test can be completed without relying on the complete air pump. This eliminates the disadvantages of traditional whole pump durability testing, which depends on the whole machine and the whole pump is scrapped after the test. It significantly reduces the cost of test consumables and test investment, and significantly improves the testing efficiency.

[0063] Furthermore, this fixture relies on a modular sealing assembly structure, ensuring reliable sealing performance and maintaining a stable differential pressure testing environment. It can perform quantitative testing of valve plate mechanical properties statically, and can also be used with air circuit circulation switching to achieve high-frequency reciprocating pressurization and unloading, simulating the motion state of valve plate under long-term alternating loads, and completing fatigue life cycle testing. It integrates mechanical testing and life testing functions on the same fixture structure, reducing the operational complexity caused by switching between multiple devices, ensuring the uniformity and comparability of valve plate test data in the same batch, and adapting to the industrial testing needs of batch sampling inspection, performance comparison, and durability verification of air pump valve plates.

[0064] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A testing fixture for air pump valve plates in a vehicle air supply system, characterized in that: include: The system includes a base and a sealing plate. The sealing plate is detachably connected to the base via fasteners and together with the base, encloses a valve plate receiving cavity. The valve plate to be tested is placed in the valve plate receiving cavity. The base has a first gas channel and a pressure transmission channel inside. One end of the first gas channel is connected to a gas source, and the other end is connected to the valve plate receiving cavity. One end of the pressure transmission channel is connected to the first gas channel, and the other end is equipped with a first pressure detection unit. The sealing plate has a second gas channel inside. One end of the second gas channel is connected to the valve plate receiving cavity, and the other end is connected to a pressure accumulator. The sealing plate has a displacement detection unit, and the detection end of the displacement detection unit is aligned with the valve plate to be tested. One end of the valve plate to be tested is connected to the base along its length by a fastener, and the other end is suspended in the valve plate receiving cavity. The outlet ends of the first gas channel and the second gas channel are located on both sides of the valve plate to be tested along its thickness, so that independent and adjustable gas pressures are applied to both sides of the valve plate to be tested simultaneously, so that the valve plate can freely complete elastic deflection and reset movements under the drive of the pressure difference between the two sides.

2. The testing fixture for the air pump valve plate of the vehicle air supply system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing plate is provided with a sealing ring on its edge, which is detachably connected to the base by fastening bolts, and the sealing ring is interference-fitted between the sealing plate and the base to form a sealed space inside the valve plate receiving cavity.

3. An air pump valve plate testing system, characterized in that: The system includes a test fixture for an air pump valve plate of a vehicle air supply system as described in claim 1 or 2, an air source, a pressure storage container, and a control processing unit. The air supply end of the air source is connected to a first gas channel, and the air supply end of the pressure storage container is connected to a second gas channel. The air source, the pressure storage container, the first pressure detection unit, and the displacement detection unit are respectively signal-connected to the control processing unit.

4. The air pump valve plate testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control processing unit includes a signal acquisition module, a motion counting module, and a data processing module. The first pressure detection unit and the displacement detection unit are respectively connected to the signal acquisition module. The signal acquisition module converts the acquired pressure and displacement analog signals into digital signals and transmits them synchronously to the motion counting module and the data processing module. The motion counting module counts the number of deflection-recovery cycles of the valve plate under test, and the data processing module plots the force-displacement curve of the valve plate by calculating the periodic elastic restoring force of the valve plate.

5. The air pump valve plate testing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The periodic elastic restoring force F = ΔP × S, where ΔP is the difference between the output air pressure of the air source and the output air pressure of the accumulator, and S is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the valve plate under test during the period.

6. The air pump valve plate testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air pump valve plate testing system also includes an air path switching valve, which includes an air inlet and two air supply ports. The air inlet is connected to an air source, one of the air supply ports is connected to a first gas channel, and the other air supply port is connected to a pressure storage container. The air supply end of the pressure storage container is connected to a second gas channel.

7. The air pump valve plate testing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The accumulator is equipped with a pressure regulating valve and a second pressure detection unit, which is connected to the control processing unit.

8. A method for testing air pump valve plates, characterized in that: The mechanical properties and fatigue life of the valve plate are tested using the air pump valve plate testing system according to any one of claims 3 to 7, which includes: Step S1: Connect one end of the valve piece to be tested to the base, and then connect the sealing plate to the base so that the valve piece to be tested is located in the sealed valve piece receiving cavity; connect the gas source to the first gas channel on the base, and connect the pressure accumulator to the second gas channel on the sealing plate; connect the first pressure detection unit to the air pressure transmission channel of the base, and connect the displacement detection unit to the sealing plate so that the detection end of the displacement detection unit is aligned with the valve piece to be tested; Step S2: Connect the first pressure detection unit, the displacement detection unit, the air source, and the second pressure detection unit on the accumulator to the control processing unit respectively; Step S3: Supply gas to the accumulator until the internal pressure of the accumulator reaches the preset back pressure value P0, then stop the gas supply to apply a constant back pressure P0 to the valve plate under test through the second gas channel. Step S4: Perform mechanical property testing and fatigue life testing on the valve plate to be tested, respectively. The mechanical property testing process includes: Step S4a: Supply gas to the first gas channel through the gas source to gradually increase the pressure P1 on the high-pressure side of the valve plate under test until the valve plate under test deflects. During the deflection process, the displacement δ of the valve plate under test is recorded by the displacement detection unit. At the same time, the pressure difference ΔP=P1-P0 on both sides of the valve plate under test is recorded by the control processing unit. Continuous gas filling is used to continuously collect the corresponding data of ΔP and δ. Step S4b: Calculate the elastic restoring force F corresponding to each sampling point according to the formula F=ΔP×S, and plot the relationship curve between the elastic restoring force F of the valve plate under test and the deflection displacement δ, where S is the effective force-bearing area of ​​the valve plate under test in the current deflection state. The fatigue life detection process includes: Step S41: Supply gas to the first gas channel through the gas source until the deflection displacement of the valve plate to be tested reaches the preset target displacement value δ0. Step S42: Depressurize the valve plate accommodating cavity. After the valve plate under test elastically recovers, repeat step S41 until the valve plate under test breaks or fails, or the deflection displacement changes abnormally. Then determine the current cumulative number of cycles as the fatigue life of the valve plate.

9. The air pump valve plate testing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas source supply end is equipped with a gas path switching valve. The first gas channel and the pressure storage container are both connected to the gas source supply end through the gas path switching valve. The gas path switching valve is signal connected to the control processing unit. The air pump valve plate testing method also includes multi-station parallel fatigue life testing: multiple valve plates to be tested are respectively connected to the valve plate receiving cavity of multiple vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate testing fixtures, the first gas channels of the multiple vehicle air supply system air pump valve plate testing fixtures are connected to the output end of the air circuit switching valve through parallel branches, and the second gas channels are connected to the pressure accumulator through parallel branches, so as to simultaneously test multiple valve plates to be tested under the same working conditions.

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