A drilling and sampling device for deep sea mining

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of deep-sea mining sampling technology and discloses a drilling and sampling device for deep-sea mining, comprising: a bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism; a traction and guiding mechanism at the top of the bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism; a telescopic sampling mechanism inside the traction and guiding mechanism; a centrifugal pumping mechanism installed on the surface of the telescopic sampling mechanism; and a screen and protective mechanism at the bottom of the bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism. This deep-sea mining drilling and sampling device, through the bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism, traction and guiding mechanism, telescopic sampling mechanism, centrifugal pumping mechanism, and screen and protective mechanism, can, during use, discharge seawater from inside the device via the centrifugal pumping mechanism after the bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism sinks to the seabed, thereby creating a negative pressure with the seawater. The water pressure compresses the device, ensuring its stable fixation on the seabed. This not only ensures stable sampling by the telescopic sampling mechanism but also reduces the disturbance of seawater to the mud layer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of deep-sea mining sampling technology, specifically to a drilling and sampling device for deep-sea mining. Background Technology

[0002] Deep-sea mining refers to the technical process of exploring and mining polymetallic nodules, cobalt-rich crusts, and other minerals at depths of 200 to 6,500 meters.

[0003] Before deep-sea mining, in order to obtain resource information and ecological distribution in the mining area, it is generally necessary to drill and sample the seabed sediment layer. However, the surface of seabed sediment is relatively soft, and it is difficult for general equipment to be stably fixed on the surface of the sediment when drilling and sampling at the bottom of the sediment. The mud layer is easily disturbed by the shaking equipment and the disturbed water flow during sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a drilling and sampling device for deep-sea mining, which solves the problems mentioned in the background.

[0005] This invention provides the following technical solution: a drilling and sampling device for deep-sea mining, comprising: a bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism, a traction and guiding mechanism at the top of the bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism, a telescopic sampling mechanism inside the traction and guiding mechanism, a centrifugal pumping mechanism mounted on the surface of the telescopic sampling mechanism, and a screen and protective mechanism at the bottom of the bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism. The bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism includes a pressure-bearing isolation cover, an anti-sinking ring, a guide pipe, and an electromagnetic switch valve. The pressure-bearing isolation cover is frustum-shaped. The anti-sinking ring is integrally disposed on the surface of the pressure-bearing isolation cover near the bottom end. The guide pipe is integrally disposed on the inner wall of the pressure-bearing isolation cover. The electromagnetic switch valve is fixedly installed on the surface of the pressure-bearing isolation cover. The centrifugal pumping mechanism includes a top ring, a connecting shell, a centrifugal drain cover, and a motor mounting shell. The top ring is fixedly installed on the top of the pressure isolation cover, the connecting shell is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top ring, the centrifugal drain cover is fixedly connected to the top of the top ring, and the motor mounting shell is fixedly installed on the surface of the top of the centrifugal drain cover. The centrifugal pumping mechanism includes an isolation transmission cylinder, centrifugal fan blades, and liquid-pressing fan blades. The isolation transmission cylinder is rotatably connected between the fixed sliding seal ring and the connecting shell through a bearing, and the isolation transmission cylinder is rotatably connected to the centrifugal drain cover through a bearing. The centrifugal fan blades and the liquid-pressing fan blades are both fixedly installed on the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder.

[0006] Preferably, the bottom sealing pressure mechanism further includes a drain hole, a water inlet isolation net, a mud insertion blade ring, a side opening sealing plate, and a sealing strip. The drain hole is opened through the surface of the anti-sinking ring. The water inlet isolation net is fixedly installed at the end of the electromagnetic switch valve away from the guide pipe. The side opening sealing plate is fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom of the pressure-bearing isolation cover. The surface of the pressure-bearing isolation cover has a cleaning port. The side opening sealing plate is fixedly installed on the surface of the cleaning port by bolts. The sealing strip is disposed between the side opening sealing plate and the cleaning port.

[0007] Preferably, the traction and guiding mechanism further includes an installation port, a sealing head, and a centrifugal guide plate. The installation port is opened through the surface of the connecting shell, and the connecting shell is fixedly connected to the guide pipe through the installation port. The sealing head is integrally set at the bottom end of the connecting shell. The centrifugal guide plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top ring, and a centrifugal water inlet hole is opened on the surface of the centrifugal guide plate near the center.

[0008] Preferably, the traction guiding mechanism further includes a fixed sliding seal ring, an external plug, a one-way valve, a drain head, and a drain isolation net. The fixed sliding seal ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing head, the inner wall of the centrifugal drain cover, and the inner wall of the motor mounting housing, respectively. There are three external plugs, which are evenly distributed and fixedly inserted into the surface of the centrifugal drain cover. The one-way valve is fixedly installed inside the external plug, and the one-way valve's conduction direction is unidirectional and outward. The drain head is fixedly connected to the outer end of the external plug. The drain isolation net is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drain head, and there are two drain isolation nets inside each drain head, with the two drain isolation nets located at the top and bottom of the drain head, respectively.

[0009] Preferably, the traction guiding mechanism further includes a top cover and a corrosion-resistant traction cable. The top cover is fixedly connected to the surface of the motor mounting housing, and the corrosion-resistant traction cable is fixedly connected to the top of the top cover. The corrosion-resistant traction cable has a cable installed inside.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic sampling mechanism includes an electric push rod, a soil sampling head, a sliding seal ring, and a sampling groove. The electric push rod is fixedly installed on the top of the motor mounting housing. The soil sampling head is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod. The sliding seal ring is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the soil sampling head. The sampling groove is embedded in the bottom end of the soil sampling head, and an anti-detachment retaining ring is integrally provided on the inner wall of the sampling groove near the outer end.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic sampling mechanism further includes an elastic sampling cylinder, an elastic slit, and a constant pressure hole. The elastic sampling cylinder is slidably connected inside the sampling groove, the elastic slit is opened on the surface of the elastic sampling cylinder, and the constant pressure hole is opened through the surface of the elastic sampling cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the centrifugal pumping mechanism further includes a pumping motor, a driving bevel gear, and a driven bevel gear. The pumping motor is fixedly installed inside the motor mounting housing. The driving bevel gear is fixedly installed at the output end of the pumping motor. The driven bevel gear is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder, and the driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are meshed together. The inner wall of the isolation transmission cylinder is rotatably connected to the surface of the electric push rod through a bearing. The surface of the isolation transmission cylinder is slidably connected to the surface of the fixed sliding seal ring, and the inner wall of the isolation transmission cylinder is slidably connected to the surface of the moving sliding seal ring. The centrifugal fan blades are located inside the centrifugal drainage cover. There are two liquid-pressing fan blades, and both liquid-pressing fan blades are located between the centrifugal guide plate and the connecting shell. The centrifugal guide plate is located between the liquid-pressing fan blades and the centrifugal fan blades.

[0013] Preferably, the centrifugal pumping mechanism further includes a counterweight ring, a docking collar, a cleaning column, and a cleaning brush. The counterweight ring is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder, the docking collar is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the counterweight ring, the cleaning column is fixedly inserted into the surface of the docking collar, and the cleaning brush is fixedly installed on the surface of the cleaning column.

[0014] Preferably, the sieve protection mechanism includes an isolation seat, a flow guide chamber, a water inlet sieve plate, a support seat, an isolation sieve plate, a sample sealing plate, and a splitting slit. The isolation seat is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure isolation cover. The flow guide chamber is integrally set on the inner wall of the isolation seat. The water inlet sieve plate is fixedly connected to one side of the flow guide chamber. The isolation sieve plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the isolation seat. The support seat is fixedly inserted into the middle of the isolation sieve plate. The surface of the bottom end of the isolation transmission cylinder is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support seat. The sample sealing plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support seat. The splitting slit is opened in the middle of the sample sealing plate, and the splitting slit divides the middle of the sample sealing plate into a valve. The sample sealing plate is made of elastic metal material. The surface of the cleaning brush is slidably connected to the surface of the water inlet sieve plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This deep-sea mining drilling and sampling device, through its bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism, traction and flow-guiding mechanism, telescopic sampling mechanism, centrifugal pumping mechanism, and screen and protection mechanism, can discharge seawater from inside the device after the bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism sinks to the seabed during use. This creates a negative pressure with the seawater, and the water pressure compresses the device to ensure its stable fixation on the seabed. This not only ensures stable sampling by the telescopic sampling mechanism but also reduces the disturbance of seawater to the mud layer.

[0016] This deep-sea mining drilling and sampling device, through its pressure-bearing isolation cover, anti-sinking ring, guide pipe, electromagnetic switch valve, drain hole, water inlet isolation net, mud insertion blade ring, side opening sealing plate and sealing strip, can pre-compress the seabed mud layer by its own gravity during use, ensuring the stable realization of subsequent vacuuming, and facilitating rapid water injection by opening the electromagnetic switch valve during recovery.

[0017] This deep-sea mining drilling and sampling device, through its top ring, connecting shell, installation port, sealing head, centrifugal guide plate, centrifugal drainage cover, motor mounting shell, fixed sliding seal ring, external plug, one-way valve, drainage head, drainage isolation net, top cover, and anti-corrosion traction cable, can ensure the guiding effect and one-way flow during water pumping, preventing seawater backflow. At the same time, it can be easily retrieved and placed on the sea surface by using the anti-corrosion traction cable, avoiding the need for personnel to easily enter the water during sampling.

[0018] This deep-sea mining drilling and sampling device, equipped with an electric push rod, a soil sampling head, a dynamic sliding seal ring, a sampling groove, an elastic sampling cylinder, an elastic joint, and a constant pressure hole, enables the soil sampling head to be inserted and sampled during use by pushing with the electric push rod. The elastic sampling cylinder allows the sample to be directly extracted during withdrawal, ensuring rapid sample separation.

[0019] This deep-sea mining drilling and sampling device, through its isolation transmission cylinder, pumping motor, driving bevel gear, driven bevel gear, centrifugal fan blade, hydraulic fan blade, counterweight ring, docking collar, cleaning column, and cleaning brush, can pump water during operation by rotating the centrifugal fan blade and hydraulic fan blade, ensuring that the seawater inside the pressure isolation cover is gradually discharged. At the same time, the rotating cleaning column and cleaning brush ensure continuous cleaning of the surface of the inlet screen plate, preventing clogging of the inlet screen plate surface.

[0020] This deep-sea mining drilling and sampling device, through its isolation seat, diversion chamber, water inlet screen, support seat, isolation screen, sample sealing plate, and splitting crack, can isolate large particles of impurities during use, preventing them from entering the device and causing serious damage to the centrifugal fan blades and hydraulic fan blades. At the same time, the sample sealing plate and splitting crack facilitate isolation during sample recovery, preventing the sample from escaping. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the bottom sealing and pressure-bearing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the location of the counterweight ring in this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure at the location of the screen and protective mechanism of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a bottom view of the screen and protective mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifugal pumping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal exploded structure of the centrifugal pumping mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic sampling cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional view of the traction and guiding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal exploded structure of the traction and guiding mechanism of the present invention.

[0022] In the diagram: 101. Pressure-bearing isolation cover; 102. Anti-sinking ring; 103. Guide pipe; 104. Electromagnetic switch valve; 105. Drain hole; 106. Water inlet isolation net; 107. Mud insertion blade ring; 108. Side opening sealing plate; 109. Sealing strip; 201. Top ring; 202. Connecting shell; 203. Mounting port; 204. Sealing head; 205. Centrifugal guide plate; 206. Centrifugal drain cover; 207. Motor mounting shell; 208. Fixed sliding seal ring; 209. External plug; 210. Check valve; 211. Drain head; 212. Drainage isolation net; 213. Top cover; 214. Corrosion-resistant traction cable; 30 1. Electric push rod; 302. Soil sampling head; 303. Dynamic sliding seal ring; 304. Sampling groove; 305. Elastic sampling cylinder; 306. Elastic joint; 307. Constant pressure hole; 401. Isolation transmission cylinder; 402. Water pump motor; 403. Driving bevel gear; 404. Driven bevel gear; 405. Centrifugal fan blade; 406. Liquid-pressurizing fan blade; 407. Counterweight ring; 408. Connecting collar; 409. Cleaning column; 410. Cleaning brush; 501. Isolation seat; 502. Flow guide chamber; 503. Water inlet sieve plate; 504. Support seat; 505. Isolation sieve plate; 506. Sample sealing film; 507. Dividing crack. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] Please see Figures 1-11A drilling and sampling device for deep-sea mining includes: a bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism; a traction and guiding mechanism is provided at the top of the bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism; a telescopic sampling mechanism is provided inside the traction and guiding mechanism; a centrifugal pumping mechanism is installed on the surface of the telescopic sampling mechanism; and a screen and protective mechanism is provided at the bottom of the bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism. The bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism includes a pressure-bearing isolation cover 101, an anti-sinking ring 102, a guide pipe 103, and an electromagnetic switch valve 104. The pressure-bearing isolation cover 101 is frustum-shaped, the anti-sinking ring 102 is integrally disposed on the surface of the pressure-bearing isolation cover 101 near the bottom end, and the guide pipe 103 is integrally disposed on the surface of the pressure-bearing isolation cover 101 near the bottom end. An electromagnetic switch valve 104 is fixedly installed on the surface of the pressure isolation cover 101, with one end of the electromagnetic switch valve 104 connected to the interior of the guide pipe 103. The traction and guiding mechanism includes a top ring 201, a connecting shell 202, a centrifugal drainage cover 206, and a motor mounting shell 207. The top ring 201 is fixedly installed at the top of the pressure isolation cover 101, the connecting shell 202 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the top ring 201, the centrifugal drainage cover 206 is fixedly connected to the top of the top ring 201, and the motor mounting shell 207 is fixedly installed at the top of the centrifugal drainage cover 206. The centrifugal pumping mechanism includes an isolation transmission cylinder 401, a pumping motor 402, a driving bevel gear 403, a driven bevel gear 404, centrifugal fan blades 405, and a liquid-pressing fan blade 406. The isolation transmission cylinder 401 is rotatably connected between the fixed sliding seal ring 208 and the connecting shell 202 via bearings, and the isolation transmission cylinder 401 is rotatably connected to the centrifugal drain cover 206 via bearings. The pumping motor 402 is fixedly installed inside the motor mounting shell 207, the driving bevel gear 403 is fixedly installed at the output end of the pumping motor 402, and the driven bevel gear 404 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder 401. Furthermore, the active bevel gear 403 and the driven bevel gear 404 are meshed and connected. The centrifugal fan blade 405 and the hydraulic fan blade 406 are both fixedly installed on the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder 401. Through the set bottom sealing pressure mechanism, traction guiding mechanism, telescopic sampling mechanism, centrifugal pumping mechanism and screen protection mechanism, the seawater inside the device can be discharged through the centrifugal pumping mechanism after the bottom sealing pressure mechanism sinks into the seabed during use, thereby forming a negative pressure with the seawater. The water pressure squeezes the device to ensure that the device is stably fixed on the seabed, which not only ensures the stable sampling of the telescopic sampling mechanism, but also reduces the disturbance of seawater to the mud layer.

[0025] The bottom-sealing pressure-bearing mechanism also includes a drain hole 105, a water inlet isolation net 106, a mud-inserting blade ring 107, a side-opening sealing plate 108, and a sealing strip 109. The drain hole 105 is formed through the surface of the anti-sinking ring 102. The water inlet isolation net 106 is fixedly installed at the end of the electromagnetic switch valve 104 away from the guide pipe 103. The side-opening sealing plate 108 is fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom end of the pressure-bearing isolation cover 101. The surface of the pressure-bearing isolation cover 101 has a cleaning port. The side-opening sealing plate 108 is fixedly installed by bolts. On the surface of the cleaning port, a sealing strip 109 is set between the side opening plate 108 and the cleaning port. Through the pressure isolation cover 101, anti-sinking ring 102, guide pipe 103, electromagnetic switch valve 104, drain hole 105, water inlet isolation net 106, mud insertion blade ring 107, side opening plate 108 and sealing strip 109, it can pre-compress the seabed mud layer by its own gravity during use, ensuring the stable realization of subsequent vacuuming, and facilitating the rapid injection of water by opening the electromagnetic switch valve 104 during recovery.

[0026] The traction and guiding mechanism also includes an installation port 203, a sealing head 204, and a centrifugal guide plate 205. The installation port 203 is opened through the surface of the connecting shell 202, and the connecting shell 202 is fixedly connected to the guide pipe 103 through the installation port 203. The sealing head 204 is integrally set at the bottom end of the connecting shell 202. The centrifugal guide plate 205 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top ring 201, and a centrifugal water inlet hole is opened on the surface of the centrifugal guide plate 205 near the center.

[0027] The traction and guiding mechanism also includes a fixed sliding seal ring 208, an external plug 209, a one-way valve 210, a drain head 211, and a drain isolation net 212. The fixed sliding seal ring 208 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing head 204, the inner wall of the centrifugal drain cover 206, and the inner wall of the motor mounting housing 207. There are three external plugs 209, which are evenly distributed and fixedly inserted into the surface of the centrifugal drain cover 206. The one-way valve 210 is fixedly installed inside the external plug 209, and the conduction direction of the one-way valve 210 is unidirectionally outward. The drain head 211 is fixedly connected to the outer end of the external plug 209. The drain isolation net 212 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drain head 211, and there are two drain isolation nets 212 inside each drain head 211. The two drain isolation nets 212 are located at the top and bottom of the drain head 211, respectively.

[0028] The guiding mechanism also includes a top cover 213 and a corrosion-resistant traction cable 214. The top cover 213 is fixedly connected to the surface of the motor mounting housing 207, and the corrosion-resistant traction cable 214 is fixedly connected to the top of the top cover 213. The corrosion-resistant traction cable 214 has a cable installed inside. Through the top cover ring 201, connecting shell 202, mounting port 203, sealing head 204, centrifugal guide plate 205, centrifugal drain cover 206, motor mounting housing 207, fixed sliding seal ring 208, external plug 209, one-way valve 210, drain head 211, drainage isolation net 212, top cover 213 and corrosion-resistant traction cable 214, the guiding effect and one-way flow during pumping can be guaranteed, and seawater backflow can be avoided. At the same time, it is convenient to retrieve and place the device on the sea surface by retracting and extending the corrosion-resistant traction cable 214, and avoids the staff from easily going into the water during sampling.

[0029] The telescopic sampling mechanism includes an electric push rod 301, a soil sampling head 302, a sliding seal ring 303, and a sampling groove 304. The electric push rod 301 is fixedly installed on the top of the motor mounting housing 207. The soil sampling head 302 is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod 301. The sliding seal ring 303 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the soil sampling head 302. The sampling groove 304 is embedded in the bottom end of the soil sampling head 302, and the inner wall of the sampling groove 304 near the outer end is integrally provided with an anti-disengagement ring. The electric push rod 301, also known as a linear actuator, is a new type of linear actuator mainly composed of a motor push rod and a control device, which can be considered as an extension of the rotary motor in terms of structure.

[0030] The telescopic sampling mechanism includes an elastic sampling cylinder 305, an elastic slot 306, and a constant pressure hole 307. The elastic sampling cylinder 305 is slidably connected inside the sampling groove 304. The elastic slot 306 is formed on the surface of the elastic sampling cylinder 305, and the constant pressure hole 307 is formed through the surface of the elastic sampling cylinder 305. With the electric push rod 301, the soil insertion sampling head 302, the sliding seal ring 303, the sampling groove 304, the elastic sampling cylinder 305, the elastic slot 306, and the constant pressure hole 307, the soil insertion sampling head 302 can be inserted and sampled by pushing the electric push rod 301 during use. The sample can be directly taken out when the elastic sampling cylinder 305 is pulled out, ensuring rapid sample separation.

[0031] The inner wall of the isolation transmission cylinder 401 is rotatably connected to the surface of the electric push rod 301 via a bearing, and the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder 401 is slidably connected to the surface of the fixed sliding seal ring 208, and the inner wall of the isolation transmission cylinder 401 is slidably connected to the surface of the moving sliding seal ring 303. The centrifugal fan blade 405 is located inside the centrifugal drain cover 206. There are two liquid-pressing fan blades 406, and both liquid-pressing fan blades 406 are located between the centrifugal guide plate 205 and the connecting shell 202. The centrifugal guide plate 205 is located between the liquid-pressing fan blade 406 and the centrifugal fan blade 405.

[0032] The centrifugal pumping mechanism includes a counterweight ring 407, a docking collar 408, a cleaning column 409, and a cleaning brush 410. The counterweight ring 407 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder 401, the docking collar 408 is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the counterweight ring 407, the cleaning column 409 is fixedly inserted into the surface of the docking collar 408, and the cleaning brush 410 is fixedly installed on the surface of the cleaning column 409. The pumping mechanism is powered by the isolation transmission cylinder 401, the pumping motor 402, and the drive bevel gear 401. 3. The driven bevel gear 404, centrifugal fan blade 405, liquid-pressing fan blade 406, counterweight ring 407, docking collar 408, cleaning column 409, and cleaning brush 410 can pump water during use by rotating the centrifugal fan blade 405 and the liquid-pressing fan blade 406, ensuring that the seawater inside the pressure isolation cover 101 is gradually discharged. At the same time, the rotating cleaning column 409 and cleaning brush 410 ensure that the surface of the water inlet screen plate 503 is continuously cleaned, preventing the surface of the water inlet screen plate 503 from becoming clogged.

[0033] The sieve protection mechanism includes an isolation seat 501, a flow guide chamber 502, a water inlet sieve plate 503, a support seat 504, an isolation sieve plate 505, a sample sealing sheet 506, and a splitting slit 507. The isolation seat 501 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure-bearing isolation cover 101. The flow guide chamber 502 is integrally installed on the inner wall of the isolation seat 501. The water inlet sieve plate 503 is fixedly connected to one side of the flow guide chamber 502. The isolation sieve plate 505 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the isolation seat 501. The support seat 504 is fixedly inserted into the middle of the isolation sieve plate 505. The surface of the bottom end of the isolation transmission cylinder 401 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support seat 504. The sample sealing sheet 506 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support seat 504. The splitting slit 507... 7 is located in the middle of the sample seal 506, and the split 507 divides the middle of the sample seal 506 into a valve. The sample seal 506 is made of elastic metal. The surface of the cleaning brush 410 is slidably connected to the surface of the water inlet sieve plate 503. Through the setting of the isolation seat 501, the guide chamber 502, the water inlet sieve plate 503, the support seat 504, the isolation sieve plate 505, the sample seal 506 and the split 507, large particulate impurities can be isolated during use, preventing large particulate impurities from entering the device and causing serious damage to the centrifugal fan blade 405 and the liquid-pressing fan blade 406. At the same time, the setting of the sample seal 506 and the split 507 facilitates isolation during sample collection and recovery, preventing the sample from falling out.

[0034] Working principle: In operation, the anti-corrosion traction cable 214 is gradually released from the sea surface using a winch, allowing the device to slowly sink to the seabed sampling location. After the device reaches the bottom, the mud-inserting blade ring 107 is inserted into the mud layer. The position is adjusted to stabilize the device, the electromagnetic switch valve 104 is closed, and then the water pump motor 402 is started to drain the water. When the water pump motor 402 starts, it drives the driven bevel gear 404 through the active bevel gear 403, causing the isolation transmission cylinder 401 to rotate. When the isolation transmission cylinder 401 rotates, it drives the centrifugal fan blades 405 and the hydraulic fan blades 406 on the surface to rotate. When the hydraulic fan blades 406 rotate, they create negative pressure to pump and compress the water below upwards. The seawater inside the pressurized isolation cover 101 first passes through the inlet screen plate 503 into the guide chamber 502, then enters the anti-sinking ring plate 102 along the guide pipe 103, and is then pushed by the rotating hydraulic fan blades 406 through the centrifugal guide plate 205, and then centrifugally pushed by the rotating centrifugal fan blades 405. The water flow pushes open the one-way valve 210 and passes through the drain head 211 to discharge the seawater inside the pressure isolation shield 101. Since the bottom of the pressure isolation shield 101 is inserted into the seabed sediment, the seawater entering the pressure isolation shield 101 is blocked by the sediment, making the replenishment of seawater inside the pressure isolation shield 101 relatively slow. As water is continuously pumped out from inside the pressure isolation shield 101, after a period of time, the amount of seawater seeping into the pressure isolation shield 101 is less than the amount of water discharged from the pressure isolation shield 101. The inside of the pressure isolation shield 101 is gradually evacuated, thus forming a negative pressure inside the pressure isolation shield 101. Due to the influence of the negative pressure, the pressure of the seawater on the pressure isolation shield 101 gradually increases, and the pressure of the pressure isolation shield 101 on the sediment gradually intensifies. At this time, the pressure isolation shield 101 is stably fixed on the surface of the sediment, and the disturbance inside the pressure isolation shield 101 is small. At this time, the electric push rod 301 is activated to take samples. During sampling, the electric push rod 301 is activated, extending and pushing the soil sampling head 302 to extend downwards along the isolation transmission cylinder 401. When extending, the sample sealing plate 506 is first pushed open, causing the sample sealing plate 506 to open. Then, the soil sampling head 302 drives the elastic sampling cylinder 305 to insert into the soil until the soil sampling head 302 reaches the end of its position. The elastic sampling cylinder 305 is also filled with soil sample. Then, the electric push rod 301 is activated to retract, pulling the soil sampling head 302 to retract, causing the elastic sampling cylinder 305 and the soil inside to be brought back. This continues until the soil sampling head 302 retracts into the isolation transmission cylinder 401. At this time, the compression in the middle of the sample sealing plate 506 is released, and the sample sealing plate 506 retracts and resets to seal the bottom end of the isolation transmission cylinder 401. Then, the device is retrieved. During recovery, the pump motor 402 is turned off, and the electromagnetic switch valve 104 is opened, allowing external seawater to enter the guide pipe 103 through the electromagnetic switch valve 104. Then, the seawater is poured into the interior of the pressure isolation cover 101 through the guide pipe 103, so that the negative pressure inside the pressure isolation cover 101 is balanced. Then, the winch on the sea surface is started to wind up the anti-corrosion traction cable 214, so that the device is gradually recovered to the sea surface, thereby realizing sample collection.

[0035] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coring device for deep sea mining, characterised in that, include: The bottom sealing and pressure-bearing mechanism has a traction and flow guiding mechanism at its top, a telescopic sampling mechanism inside the traction and flow guiding mechanism, a centrifugal pumping mechanism on the surface of the telescopic sampling mechanism, and a screen and protection mechanism at its bottom. The bottom sealing pressure-bearing mechanism includes a pressure-bearing isolation cover (101), an anti-sinking ring (102), a flow guide pipe (103), and an electromagnetic switch valve (104). The pressure-bearing isolation cover (101) is frustoconical in shape. The anti-sinking ring (102) is integrally disposed on the surface of the pressure-bearing isolation cover (101) near the bottom end. The flow guide pipe (103) is integrally disposed on the inner side wall of the pressure-bearing isolation cover (101). The electromagnetic switch valve (104) is fixedly installed on the surface of the pressure-bearing isolation cover (101), and one end of the electromagnetic switch valve (104) is connected to the interior of the flow guide pipe (103). The traction and flow guiding mechanism includes a top ring (201), a connecting shell (202), a centrifugal drainage cover (206), and a motor mounting shell (207). The top ring (201) is fixedly installed on the surface of the pressure-bearing isolation cover (101). The centrifugal pumping mechanism is mounted on the top of the pressure isolation cover (101), the connecting shell (202) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cover top ring (201), the centrifugal drain cover (206) is fixedly connected to the top of the cover top ring (201), the motor mounting shell (207) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the centrifugal drain cover (206), the centrifugal pumping mechanism includes an isolation transmission cylinder (401), a centrifugal fan blade (405) and a liquid-pressing fan blade (406), the isolation transmission cylinder (401) is rotatably connected between the fixed sliding seal ring (208) and the connecting shell (202) through a bearing, and the isolation transmission cylinder (401) is rotatably connected to the centrifugal drain cover (206) through a bearing, the centrifugal fan blade (405) and the liquid-pressing fan blade (406) are both fixedly installed on the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder (401).

2. A drill sampling device for deep sea mining according to claim 1, characterised in that, The bottom sealing pressure mechanism also includes a drain hole (105), a water inlet isolation net (106), a mud insertion blade ring (107), a side opening sealing plate (108), and a sealing strip (109). The drain hole (105) is opened through the surface of the anti-sinking ring (102). The water inlet isolation net (106) is fixedly installed at the end of the electromagnetic switch valve (104) away from the guide pipe (103). The side opening sealing plate (108) is fixedly connected to the edge of the bottom end of the pressure isolation cover (101). The surface of the pressure isolation cover (101) is provided with a cleaning port. The side opening sealing plate (108) is fixedly installed on the surface of the cleaning port by bolts. The sealing strip (109) is disposed between the side opening sealing plate (108) and the cleaning port.

3. A drill sampling device for deep sea mining according to claim 1, characterised in that, The traction and flow guiding mechanism also includes an installation port (203), a sealing head (204), and a centrifugal guide plate (205). The installation port (203) is opened through the surface of the connecting shell (202), and the connecting shell (202) is fixedly connected to the guide pipe (103) through the installation port (203). The sealing head (204) is integrally set at the bottom end of the connecting shell (202). The centrifugal guide plate (205) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top ring (201), and a centrifugal water inlet hole is opened on the surface of the centrifugal guide plate (205) near the center.

4. A drill sampling device for deep sea mining according to claim 3, characterised in that, The traction and guiding mechanism also includes a fixed sliding seal (208), an external plug (209), a one-way valve (210), a drain head (211), and a drain isolation net (212). The fixed sliding seal (208) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing head (204), the inner wall of the centrifugal drain cover (206), and the inner wall of the motor mounting housing (207), respectively. There are three external plugs (209), which are evenly distributed and fixedly inserted into the centrifugal drain cover (206). The one-way valve (210) is fixedly installed inside the external plug (209) on the surface of the drain head (211). The one-way valve (210) is unidirectionally outward. The drain head (211) is fixedly connected to the outer end of the external plug (209). The drain isolation net (212) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the drain head (211). Each drain head (211) has two drain isolation nets (212), and the two drain isolation nets (212) are located at the top and bottom of the drain head (211) respectively.

5. A drill sampling device for deep sea mining according to claim 4, characterised in that, The traction guiding mechanism also includes a top cover (213) and a corrosion-resistant traction cable (214). The top cover (213) is fixedly connected to the surface of the motor mounting housing (207), and the corrosion-resistant traction cable (214) is fixedly connected to the top of the top cover (213). A cable is installed inside the corrosion-resistant traction cable (214).

6. A drill sampling device for deep sea mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The telescopic sampling mechanism includes an electric push rod (301), a soil sampling head (302), a sliding seal ring (303), and a sampling groove (304). The electric push rod (301) is fixedly installed on the top of the motor mounting housing (207). The soil sampling head (302) is fixedly connected to the output end of the electric push rod (301). The sliding seal ring (303) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the soil sampling head (302). The sampling groove (304) is embedded in the bottom end of the soil sampling head (302), and an anti-detachment locking ring is integrally provided on the inner wall of the sampling groove (304) near the outer end.

7. A drilling and sampling device for deep-sea mining according to claim 6, characterized in that, The telescopic sampling mechanism also includes an elastic sampling cylinder (305), an elastic slit (306), and a constant pressure hole (307). The elastic sampling cylinder (305) is slidably connected inside the sampling groove (304). The elastic slit (306) is opened on the surface of the elastic sampling cylinder (305). The constant pressure hole (307) is opened through the surface of the elastic sampling cylinder (305).

8. A drilling and sampling device for deep-sea mining according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifugal pumping mechanism further includes a pumping motor (402), a driving bevel gear (403), and a driven bevel gear (404). The pumping motor (402) is fixedly installed inside the motor mounting housing (207). The driving bevel gear (403) is fixedly installed at the output end of the pumping motor (402). The driven bevel gear (404) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder (401), and the driving bevel gear (403) and the driven bevel gear (404) are meshed together. The inner wall of the isolation transmission cylinder (401) is connected to the electric push rod (301) via bearings. The surfaces of the isolation transmission cylinder (401) are rotatably connected, and the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder (401) is slidably connected to the surface of the fixed sliding seal ring (208), and the inner wall of the isolation transmission cylinder (401) is slidably connected to the surface of the moving sliding seal ring (303). The centrifugal fan blade (405) is located inside the centrifugal drain cover (206). There are two liquid-pressing fan blades (406), and both liquid-pressing fan blades (406) are located between the centrifugal guide plate (205) and the connecting shell (202), and the centrifugal guide plate (205) is located between the liquid-pressing fan blade (406) and the centrifugal fan blade (405).

9. A drilling and sampling device for deep-sea mining according to claim 8, characterized in that, The centrifugal pumping mechanism further includes a counterweight ring (407), a docking collar (408), a cleaning column (409), and a cleaning brush (410). The counterweight ring (407) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the isolation transmission cylinder (401), the docking collar (408) is fixedly sleeved on the surface of the counterweight ring (407), the cleaning column (409) is fixedly inserted into the surface of the docking collar (408), and the cleaning brush (410) is fixedly installed on the surface of the cleaning column (409).

10. A drilling and sampling device for deep-sea mining according to claim 9, characterized in that, The sieve protection mechanism includes an isolation seat (501), a flow guide chamber (502), a water inlet sieve plate (503), a support seat (504), an isolation sieve plate (505), a sample sealing plate (506), and a splitting slit (507). The isolation seat (501) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the pressure isolation cover (101). The flow guide chamber (502) is integrally set on the inner wall of the isolation seat (501). The water inlet sieve plate (503) is fixedly connected to one side of the flow guide chamber (502). The isolation sieve plate (505) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the isolation seat (501). The support seat (504), the isolation sieve plate (505), the sample sealing plate (506), and the splitting slit (507) are all fixedly connected. The support (504) is fixedly inserted into the middle of the isolation sieve plate (505). The surface of the bottom end of the isolation transmission cylinder (401) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the support (504). The sample sealing sheet (506) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the support (504). The splitting slit (507) is opened in the middle of the sample sealing sheet (506), and the splitting slit (507) divides the middle of the sample sealing sheet (506) into a valve. The sample sealing sheet (506) is made of elastic metal. The surface of the cleaning brush (410) is slidably connected to the surface of the water inlet sieve plate (503).

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