3D film capable of automatically adjusting dot pitch, device and display method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a 3D film capable of automatically adjusting node spacing, a device thereof and a display method, and belongs to the technical field of 3D display. The technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a 3D film capable of automatically adjusting node spacing comprises a first 3D processing unit, a second 3D processing unit and an adjustable adhesive layer arranged between the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit; the first 3D processing unit comprises a first polarized light unit, a first phase processing layer and a second phase processing layer; the horizontal relative displacement of the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit is realized through the adjustable adhesive layer, the node spacing, the grating pitch, the shading stripe pitch and the duty cycle are adjusted in real time, the dynamic adjustment can be carried out according to the actual use conditions, the resolution is improved when the close-range viewing is carried out, the brightness utilization rate is optimized when the long-range viewing is carried out, the image crosstalk is reduced, the 3D display effect and the viewing comfort are improved, and the above-mentioned advantages are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of 3D display technology, specifically relating to a 3D film with automatically adjustable dot pitch and its device and display method. Background Technology

[0002] 3D display technology has been widely applied in various scenarios, including military simulation training, home television, commercial advertising displays, and automotive displays. Current mainstream technologies include polarized, active shutter, and slit grating types. Among these, polarized 3D displays have become the dominant choice in both civilian and commercial markets due to their advantages such as high cost-effectiveness, flicker-free operation, lightweight glasses, and comfortable viewing over extended periods.

[0003] The core component of this technology is a polarized 3D film, which separates the left and right eye images through a polarization beam splitting mechanism to create binocular parallax and achieve a stereoscopic visual effect. However, existing polarized 3D films generally suffer from structural defects: their dot pitch, grating pitch, shading stripe pitch, and duty cycle are fixed during the manufacturing process and cannot be dynamically adjusted according to actual usage conditions.

[0004] This fixed structure results in excessively large pixel pitch when viewed at close range, causing a significant decrease in 3D image resolution and blurring; while the pixel pitch is too small when viewed at a distance, it exacerbates crosstalk between the left and right eyes and reduces light utilization, thus affecting display brightness and visual experience. Furthermore, this structure is difficult to adapt to diverse application scenarios, such as failing to meet the multi-viewing requirements of home close-range viewing, commercial long-range displays, and in-vehicle environments, and lacks compatibility with new display panels such as high-resolution, flexible, and variable refresh rate displays.

[0005] Furthermore, due to the lack of adaptive adjustment capabilities, users are prone to visual fatigue and dizziness during continuous use, making it difficult to meet the comfort requirements of high-quality 3D displays. These issues severely restrict the realization of high-quality displays using polarized 3D technology across multiple distances and scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention provides a 3D film with automatically adjustable dot pitch and a device thereof, as well as a display method, to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: An automatically adjustable dot pitch 3D film includes a first 3D processing unit, a second 3D processing unit, and an adjustable adhesive layer disposed between the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit. The first 3D processing unit includes a first polarization unit, a first phase processing layer, and a second phase processing layer; The second 3D processing unit includes a second polarization unit, a third phase processing layer, and a fourth phase processing layer; The polarization directions of the first polarization unit and the second polarization unit are orthogonal to each other; The first phase processing layer, the second phase processing layer, the third phase processing layer, and the fourth phase processing layer are all λ / 4 phase delay layers; The first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit can achieve relative horizontal displacement through the adjustable adhesive layer to adjust the dot pitch, grating pitch, shading stripe pitch and duty cycle D of the 3D film in real time.

[0008] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the first polarizing unit is a 0° linear polarization layer in the horizontal direction, and the second polarizing unit is a 90° linear polarization layer in the horizontal direction.

[0009] Furthermore, this application proposes that the first phase processing layer is set at 45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit, the second phase processing layer is set at -45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit, and the first phase processing layer and the second phase processing layer are arranged alternately; the third phase processing layer is set at 45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit, the fourth phase processing layer is set at -45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit, and the third phase processing layer and the fourth phase processing layer are arranged alternately.

[0010] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the first 3D processing unit further includes a first surface protective layer, and the second 3D processing unit further includes a second surface protective layer; The adjustable adhesive layer is disposed between the first surface protective layer and the second surface protective layer.

[0011] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the first and second surface protective layers are made of non-optically active optical materials, including PC or TAC.

[0012] Furthermore, this application also proposes a display panel and a 3D film with automatically adjustable dot pitch; The 3D film is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel and can automatically adjust the pixel pitch according to the viewing distance, screen content, or user needs.

[0013] Furthermore, this application also proposes to include a drive control unit electrically connected to the adjustable adhesive layer for driving the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit to perform horizontal relative displacement.

[0014] A 3D film display method with automatically adjustable dot pitch includes the following steps: According to the parameter design formula W b =(1-D)*P s W b For the light-shielding stripe pitch, P s denoted by , where is the grating pitch; and is the duty cycle. Calculate and set the phase difference pitch, shading fringe pitch, grating pitch, and duty cycle D. By adjusting the grating pitch, the shading stripe pitch, and the duty cycle D through the horizontal relative displacement of the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit, the point spacing can be automatically adjusted. The first 3D processing unit includes a first polarization unit, a first phase processing layer, a second phase processing layer, and a first surface protection layer. The second 3D processing unit includes a second polarizing light unit, a third phase processing layer, a fourth phase processing layer, and a second surface protection layer; An adjustable adhesive layer is provided between the two layers.

[0015] Furthermore, this application also proposes that the dot pitch increases with increasing viewing distance and decreases with decreasing viewing distance.

[0016] Furthermore, this application also proposes to achieve horizontal relative displacement and positioning maintenance between the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit through an adjustable adhesive layer.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows: 1. By horizontally relative displacement of the dual-layer 3D processing unit, the dot pitch, grating pitch, light-shielding stripe pitch, and duty cycle D can be dynamically adjusted according to the viewing distance, screen content, and user needs, completely solving the defects of traditional polarized 3D film with fixed dot pitch and only compatible with a single display panel.

[0018] 2. When viewing at close range, the pixel pitch is reduced to improve resolution, while when viewing at a distance, the pixel pitch is increased to suppress crosstalk between the left and right eye images. Combined with orthogonal polarization and λ / 4 phase layer for precise beam splitting, the purity and stereoscopic effect of 3D images are greatly improved.

[0019] 3. By adjusting the duty cycle D and the grating pitch P s It maintains optimal light transmission efficiency at different viewing distances, reduces light loss, and lowers display power consumption while ensuring uniform screen brightness, thereby improving overall display energy efficiency.

[0020] 4. It can simultaneously meet the needs of multiple scenarios such as home use (close-range), commercial use (long-range), and military simulation, and is compatible with display panels of different sizes and resolutions, greatly improving the versatility and scalability of polarized 3D technology.

[0021] 5. Dynamically matches human visual habits, reducing visual fatigue and dizziness caused by prolonged viewing; adds a non-rotating light protection layer and an adjustable adhesive layer positioning structure to protect internal optical components, reduce wear, and improve the stability and durability of the 3D film structure. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the partial structural schematic diagrams of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a second partial structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a third partial structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a block diagram of a 3D film display method with automatically adjustable dot spacing.

[0023] The accompanying drawings, which are provided to further illustrate the invention and constitute a part of this invention, are illustrative embodiments of the invention and their descriptions are used to explain the invention and do not constitute an undue limitation of the invention.

[0024] In the attached diagram: 101. First polarizing unit; 102. First phase processing layer; 103. Second phase processing layer; 104. First surface protection layer; 201. Second polarizing unit; 202. Third phase processing layer; 203. Fourth phase processing layer; 204. Second surface protection layer; 300. Adjustable adhesive layer. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the overall concept of the present invention, a detailed description will be provided below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0026] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and therefore the scope of protection of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0027] Furthermore, in the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0029] In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the first feature "on" or "below" the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "implementation," "example," "aspect," "specific example," or "specific example" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0030] Traditional polarized 3D films are mostly one-piece solidified structures with a fixed pixel pitch, making it impossible to dynamically adjust in real time according to actual viewing distance, image content, or user needs. This results in decreased image resolution when viewed at close range, and crosstalk between the left and right eyes when viewed at a distance, reducing light utilization and affecting display brightness and viewing experience. In addition, the fixed structure of 3D films has poor scene adaptability, making it difficult to meet the needs of multiple usage scenarios, and viewing comfort needs to be improved.

[0031] In this regard, refer to Figures 1-5 This application proposes a 3D film with automatically adjustable dot spacing, including a first 3D processing unit, a second 3D processing unit, and an adjustable adhesive layer 300 disposed between the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit; The first 3D processing unit includes a first polarization unit 101, a first phase processing layer 102, and a second phase processing layer 103; The second 3D processing unit includes a second polarization unit 201, a third phase processing layer 202, and a fourth phase processing layer 203; The polarization directions of the first polarization unit 101 and the second polarization unit 201 are orthogonal to each other; The first phase processing layer 102, the second phase processing layer 103, the third phase processing layer 202, and the fourth phase processing layer 203 are all λ / 4 phase delay layers; The first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit can achieve relative horizontal displacement through the adjustable adhesive layer 300 to adjust the dot pitch, grating pitch, light-shielding stripe pitch and duty cycle D of the 3D film in real time.

[0032] For ease of understanding, the following explains some key terms in this embodiment: The first and second 3D processing units are the core optical structures constituting the 3D film. They respectively perform polarization and phase processing on the incident light to achieve separation of the left and right eye images. Each processing unit contains a polarization unit and a phase processing layer, which work together to form a 3D display effect.

[0033] The adjustable adhesive layer 300 is a dielectric layer capable of enabling horizontal relative displacement between a first 3D processing unit and a second 3D processing unit. This layer typically possesses flexibility and a controllable frictional or actuating mechanism to allow precise relative movement of the two 3D processing units within a plane, thereby altering the optical parameters of the 3D film.

[0034] The first polarizing unit 101 and the second polarizing unit 201 are components used to generate light with a specific polarization direction. They are composed of polarizers, which selectively transmit light with a specific polarization direction and block light with other polarization directions.

[0035] The first phase processing layer 102, the second phase processing layer 103, the third phase processing layer 202, and the fourth phase processing layer 203 are thin film layers used to change the phase delay of light. These layers are made of birefringent materials, which enable light passing through them to generate a specific phase difference, thereby changing the polarization state of the light.

[0036] A λ / 4 phase retardation layer is a special type of phase processing layer whose function is to convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, or to convert circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light, or to change the rotation direction of circularly polarized light. Its phase retardation is one-quarter of a wavelength.

[0037] Pixel pitch, grating pitch, shading stripe pitch, and duty cycle (D) are key parameters describing the optical properties of 3D films. Pixel pitch refers to the distance between adjacent pixels in a 3D display; grating pitch refers to the repeating distance of periodic grating structures in a 3D film; shading stripe pitch refers to the width of opaque or partially transparent stripes in a 3D film; and duty cycle (D) is the ratio of the width of the transparent area to the grating pitch. The coordinated adjustment of these parameters is crucial for optimizing 3D display effects.

[0038] This embodiment provides a 3D film with automatically adjustable dot spacing, the core of which lies in achieving dynamic adjustment of optical parameters through relative displacement.

[0039] Specifically, the 3D film structure includes a first 3D processing unit, a second 3D processing unit, and an adjustable adhesive layer 300 disposed between the two processing units. The first and second 3D processing units can be designed as a stacked structure with specific optical properties; for example, they can be formed by stacking multiple thin films or by depositing different material layers on a substrate. The adjustable adhesive layer 300 can be a material layer with a variable coefficient of friction, for example, its viscosity can be changed by applying an external electric or magnetic field, thereby allowing or preventing relative movement of the two processing units; alternatively, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 can contain micro-actuators, such as piezoelectric actuators or micromotors, to directly drive the two processing units to perform relative displacement.

[0040] The internal structure of the first 3D processing unit includes a first polarizing unit 101, a first phase processing layer 102, and a second phase processing layer 103. These layers can be stacked in a specific order; for example, the first polarizing unit 101 is located on the outermost side, followed by the first phase processing layer 102 and the second phase processing layer 103. Alternatively, these layers can be stacked in other orders or integrated together using different manufacturing processes.

[0041] Similarly, the internal structure of the second 3D processing unit includes a second polarizing unit 201, a third phase processing layer 202, and a fourth phase processing layer 203. These layers can also be stacked in a specific order; for example, the second polarizing unit 201 is located on the outermost side, followed by the third phase processing layer 202 and the fourth phase processing layer 203. Alternatively, these layers can be stacked in other orders or integrated together using different manufacturing processes.

[0042] In terms of polarization direction settings, the polarization directions of the first polarization unit 101 and the second polarization unit 201 are set to be orthogonal to each other. For example, the first polarization unit 101 can be set to transmit linearly polarized light along a certain angle, and the second polarization unit 201 can be set to transmit linearly polarized light along a direction orthogonal to that angle. This orthogonal polarization setting ensures effective separation of the left and right eye images.

[0043] Furthermore, the first phase processing layer 102, the second phase processing layer 103, the third phase processing layer 202, and the fourth phase processing layer 203 are all designed as λ / 4 phase retardation layers. These phase retardation layers can be made of various birefringent materials, such as polymer films or liquid crystal materials. Their function is to convert linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light, or to convert circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light, thereby achieving precise control over the polarization state of light.

[0044] Thus, the first and second 3D processing units can achieve relative horizontal displacement through the adjustable adhesive layer 300. This relative displacement can be achieved in various ways, for example, by using an external mechanical drive to move one unit relative to the other; or, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 itself contains a deformable material, and its deformation is controlled by electrical or thermal signals, thereby driving the two units to move relative to each other. Through this horizontal relative displacement, the optical parameters of the 3D film, including the dot pitch, grating pitch, shading stripe pitch, and duty cycle D, can be adjusted in real time. For example, when the two processing units move relative to each other, their internal periodic structures will be relatively misaligned, thereby changing the overall grating period and the distribution of the shading area, thus affecting the dot pitch and duty cycle of the 3D film.

[0045] This embodiment provides a 3D film with automatically adjustable dot pitch. Through the horizontal relative displacement of the first and second 3D processing units, real-time dynamic adjustment of the 3D film's dot pitch, grating pitch, shading stripe pitch, and duty cycle D is achieved. Therefore, this 3D film can adaptively adjust according to the actual viewing distance, image content, or user needs, effectively solving the problems of reduced resolution, crosstalk, and low light utilization caused by fixed dot pitch in existing technologies. This solution improves the scene adaptability and viewing comfort of 3D displays, meeting the high-quality 3D display requirements in multiple scenarios.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-3 This application further proposes that the first polarizing unit 101 is a 0° linear polarization layer in the horizontal direction, and the second polarizing unit 201 is a 90° linear polarization layer in the horizontal direction.

[0047] A horizontal 0° linear polarization layer is an optical element whose main function is to selectively allow linearly polarized light with an electric field vibration direction parallel to the horizontal direction (usually defined as 0°) to pass through, while blocking light with other polarization directions. This polarization layer is typically prepared by stretching and oriented a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film and adsorbing iodine or dye molecules to form a structure with specific polarization selectivity. In the structure of the 3D film, the first polarization unit 101 serves as the initial polarization selector for incident light entering the first 3D processing unit. Its precise 0° linear polarization characteristics are crucial for ensuring that the subsequent phase processing layer receives stable light with a specific polarization state, thus affecting the optical performance and stereoscopic effect of the entire 3D display system.

[0048] A 90° horizontal linear polarization layer is another optical element whose function is to allow only linearly polarized light whose electric field vibration direction is perpendicular to the horizontal direction (i.e., vertical, usually defined as 90°) to pass through. Similar to the 0° linear polarization layer, the 90° linear polarization layer can also be fabricated using techniques such as stretched and oriented PVA thin films, but its polarization axis is precisely orthogonal to that of the 0° polarization layer. In the 3D film, the second polarization unit 201, as a key component of the second 3D processing unit, together with the first polarization unit 101, forms a pair of orthogonal polarizers. Its 90° linear polarization characteristic ensures that light passing through different 3D processing units can be effectively distinguished and separated during 3D display, thereby providing independent and crosstalk-free image information for the viewer's left and right eyes, which is a core element for achieving clear stereoscopic vision.

[0049] Through the above technical solution, the polarization directions of the first polarization unit 101 and the second polarization unit 201 are explicitly set to 0° and 90° in the horizontal direction, respectively, thus providing a specific and standardized implementation method for the polarization configuration of the 3D film. This precise definition ensures that the polarization directions of the two polarization units are strictly orthogonal, maximizing the separation of the left and right eye images, effectively suppressing crosstalk, and significantly improving the clarity and stereoscopic effect of the 3D display. In addition, this standardized polarization configuration is highly compatible with the linear polarization output characteristics of common LCD display panels, which can optimize light transmission efficiency, reduce unnecessary light loss, and thus improve overall optical efficiency. At the same time, the precise polarization direction setting provides a stable and predictable incident polarization state for the subsequent λ / 4 phase retardation layers, such as the first phase processing layer 102, the second phase processing layer 103, the third phase processing layer 202, and the fourth phase processing layer 203, ensuring the conversion effect of the phase retardation layer. This allows the entire 3D film to maintain a high-quality 3D display effect when the horizontal relative displacement is achieved through the adjustable adhesive layer 300 to adjust the dot pitch, providing users with a more optimized viewing experience.

[0050] This application further proposes that the first phase processing layer 102 is set at 45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit 101, the second phase processing layer 103 is set at -45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit 101, and the first phase processing layer 102 and the second phase processing layer 103 are arranged alternately; the third phase processing layer 202 is set at 45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit 101, the fourth phase processing layer 203 is set at -45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit 101, and the third phase processing layer 202 and the fourth phase processing layer 203 are arranged alternately.

[0051] Specifically, the first phase processing layer 102 is configured as a λ / 4 phase retardation layer, with its optical principal axis (fast or slow axis) precisely forming a 45° angle with the 0° transmission axis direction of the first polarization unit 101. When 0° linearly polarized light from the first polarization unit 101 is incident on the first phase processing layer 102, this precise 45° setting efficiently converts the linearly polarized light into circularly polarized light with a specific rotation direction (e.g., right-handed or left-handed). Similarly, the second phase processing layer 103 is also configured as a λ / 4 phase retardation layer, with its optical principal axis precisely forming a -45° angle with the 0° transmission axis direction of the first polarization unit 101. This -45° setting ensures that when 0° linearly polarized light passes through the second phase processing layer 103, it can be efficiently converted into circularly polarized light with the opposite rotation direction to the circularly polarized light generated by the first phase processing layer 102. The first phase processing layer 102 and the second phase processing layer 103 are arranged in an alternating and periodic manner, for example, forming a parallel stripe structure, thereby generating two circularly polarized light output regions with different rotation directions in space. This is the basis for realizing the separation of left and right eye images in 3D display.

[0052] Furthermore, the third phase processing layer 202 is also configured as a λ / 4 phase retardation layer, with its principal optical axis set at 45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit 101. Considering that the polarization directions of the first polarization unit 101 and the second polarization unit 201 are orthogonal to each other, and the first polarization unit 101 is a 0° linear polarization layer, the second polarization unit 201 is a 90° linear polarization layer. Therefore, the third phase processing layer 202 will form a -45° angle with respect to the 90° transmission axis direction of the second polarization unit 201. This configuration allows the 90° linearly polarized light from the second polarization unit 201 to be efficiently converted into circularly polarized light with a specific rotation direction. The fourth phase processing layer 203 is also configured as a λ / 4 phase retardation layer, with its principal optical axis set at -45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarization unit 101, which means that it will form a 45° angle with respect to the 90° transmission axis direction of the second polarization unit 201. This configuration ensures that when 90° linearly polarized light passes through the fourth phase processing layer 203, it can be efficiently converted into circularly polarized light with the opposite rotation direction to the circularly polarized light generated by the third phase processing layer 202. The third phase processing layer 202 and the fourth phase processing layer 203 are also arranged in an alternating and periodic manner, thereby forming another set of spatially alternating circularly polarized light output regions with different rotation directions in the second 3D processing unit.

[0053] By precisely setting the optical axes of the first phase processing layer 102 and the second phase processing layer 103 to 45° and -45° respectively with the 0° optical axis of the first polarization unit 101, and arranging them alternately, the 0° linearly polarized light from the first polarization unit 101 can be efficiently converted into circularly polarized light with different rotation directions, forming clear left and right eye image information. Similarly, the precise setting and alternating arrangement of the third phase processing layer 202 and the fourth phase processing layer 203 ensure that the 90° linearly polarized light from the second polarization unit 201 can also be efficiently converted into circularly polarized light with different rotation directions. This precise setting and alternating arrangement of the phase retardation layer optical axes fundamentally solves the shortcomings of traditional 3D films in polarization state conversion efficiency and 3D effect clarity. When the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit are horizontally relative to each other through the adjustable adhesive layer 300, the pitch of the synthesized 3D grating, the pitch of the light-shielding stripes, and the duty cycle D can be precisely controlled and dynamically adjusted, so as to always provide the best 3D display effect under different viewing distances, screen content, or user needs, effectively suppress crosstalk, and improve brightness utilization and viewing comfort.

[0054] This application further proposes that the first 3D processing unit includes a first surface protection layer 104, and the second 3D processing unit includes a second surface protection layer 204; and the adjustable adhesive layer 300 is disposed between the first surface protection layer 104 and the second surface protection layer 204.

[0055] The first surface protective layer 104 and the second surface protective layer 204 are designed to provide physical protection for their respective 3D processing units. These protective layers are typically made of materials with good optical transparency and mechanical strength, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), or glass. They effectively resist external scratches, impacts, and environmental factors such as dust and moisture, thereby protecting internal precision optical components such as polarization units and phase processing layers from damage and ensuring the stability and lifespan of their optical performance. Furthermore, these protective layers enhance the structural integrity and rigidity of the entire 3D processing unit, allowing it to maintain a stable shape during horizontal relative displacement.

[0056] The adjustable adhesive layer 300 is disposed between the first surface protective layer 104 and the second surface protective layer 204, a crucial structural arrangement. The adjustable adhesive layer 300 is responsible for achieving the horizontal relative displacement between the first and second 3D processing units. By placing it between the protective layers, direct contact or abrasion of the adjustable adhesive layer 300 to the fragile polarization unit and phase processing layer is avoided. Simultaneously, the protective layers provide a flat and stable interface for the adjustable adhesive layer 300, facilitating precise and smooth relative sliding or deformation of the adhesive layer, thereby ensuring accurate adjustment of the dot pitch, grating pitch, shading fringe pitch, and duty cycle D of the 3D film. This arrangement also helps isolate any minute deformations or stresses that may occur in the adjustable adhesive layer 300, preventing them from being directly transmitted to the optical elements, further ensuring the stability of optical performance.

[0057] Through the above technical solution, a first surface protective layer 104 and a second surface protective layer 204 are introduced into the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit, respectively, with an adjustable adhesive layer 300 disposed between them. This effectively solves the problem of easy damage to the optical components inside the 3D film. The first surface protective layer 104 and the second surface protective layer 204 provide a solid physical barrier for the internal polarization unit and phase processing layer, preventing them from being scratched, contaminated, or subjected to mechanical stress during daily use, handling, or adjustment. Simultaneously, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 operates between the two protective layers, avoiding direct contact with the optical components, thereby eliminating the risk of wear or performance degradation of the optical components due to relative displacement. This structural design significantly improves the overall durability, reliability, and long-term stability of the automatically adjustable dot pitch 3D film, ensuring consistently high-quality 3D display effects and extending the product's lifespan.

[0058] This application further proposes that the first surface protective layer 104 and the second surface protective layer 204 are made of non-optically rotatable optical materials. Non-optically rotatable optical materials are materials that do not cause rotation of the polarization plane of light when it passes through them. These materials typically lack chiral molecular structures or have internal structural asymmetries insufficient to produce macroscopic optical rotation effects. Their main function is to ensure that the polarization state and phase of light do not undergo additional, unintended changes when passing through the protective layer. This is crucial for 3D display technologies that rely on precise polarization and phase control, effectively avoiding image crosstalk, uneven brightness, or color distortion.

[0059] Specifically, the non-optically active optical material may include PC or TAC. PC, or polycarbonate, is a thermoplastic polymer renowned for its excellent transparency, impact strength, heat resistance, and dimensional stability. As a non-optically active optical material, PC provides good physical protection while maintaining optical transparency and low optical anisotropy, thus meeting the optical performance requirements of 3D films for protective layers. When selecting PC materials, attention must be paid to its optical-grade purity to ensure low internal stress and weak birefringence, thereby avoiding adverse effects on polarized light. TAC, or cellulose triacetate, is a cellulose-derived polymer widely used in optical fields such as polarizer protective films. TAC possesses good optical uniformity, low birefringence, and high transmittance, effectively protecting the internal optical layer without introducing additional optical interference. TAC films typically have good surface hardness and scratch resistance and are easily processed into thin films, making them suitable as optical protective layers. Its low birefringence characteristics make it excellent in polarization optics applications. In addition to PC and TAC, other polymer materials with low birefringence, high transmittance and no optical rotation, such as certain polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or cyclic olefin polymers (COP), can be used to achieve the same technical effect.

[0060] By employing non-optically oriented optical materials, such as PC or TAC, as the first surface protective layer 104 and the second surface protective layer 204 through the above technical solution, undesirable rotation or delay of the polarization state and phase of the transmitted light by the protective layer itself can be effectively avoided. This ensures that the first polarization unit 101, the second polarization unit 201, and the first phase processing layer 102, the second phase processing layer 103, the third phase processing layer 202, and the fourth phase processing layer 203 can precisely control the polarization and phase of the light, thereby maintaining the purity and contrast of the 3D display effect. At the same time, because these materials have good physical strength and optical transparency, they provide necessary mechanical protection without introducing additional optical noise or brightness loss, thus ensuring that the 3D film can always provide a high-quality 3D display effect when adjusting the dot pitch, grating pitch, light-shielding stripe pitch, and duty cycle D.

[0061] This application also discloses a 3D display device with automatically adjustable dot pitch, including a display panel and the aforementioned 3D film with automatically adjustable dot pitch; The 3D film is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel and can automatically adjust the pixel pitch according to the viewing distance, screen content, or user needs.

[0062] In some embodiments described above, the structural limitations of fixed-pitch 3D films were addressed. However, during implementation, these limitations directly resulted in the device's inability to dynamically adapt to varying viewing conditions. To address this, this application further proposes a technical approach to achieve device-level dynamic optimization through the integration of adjustable optical structures. Specifically, the core of this 3D display device lies in optically coupling the aforementioned automatically adjustable-pitch 3D film to a display panel. The 3D film comprises a first 3D processing unit, a second 3D processing unit, and an adjustable adhesive layer 300 disposed between the two. The first 3D processing unit consists of a first polarizing unit 101, a first phase processing layer 102, and a second phase processing layer 103. The second 3D processing unit consists of a second polarizing unit 201, a third phase processing layer 202, and a fourth phase processing layer 203. Since the polarization directions of the first polarization unit 101 and the second polarization unit 201 are orthogonal to each other, and each phase processing layer is a λ / 4 phase delay layer, when the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit are driven to generate a horizontal relative displacement through the adjustable adhesive layer 300, the optical parameter combination of the dot pitch, grating pitch and duty cycle D can be changed in real time.

[0063] Through the above technical solution, this 3D display device achieves adaptive response to viewing distance and image content. In close-range viewing scenarios, the system automatically reduces the pixel pitch to improve display resolution; in long-range viewing scenarios, it increases the pixel pitch to optimize brightness utilization. This dynamic adjustment mechanism effectively avoids resolution loss and image crosstalk problems caused by fixed structures, while significantly improving light energy utilization efficiency. The core innovation of this embodiment lies in bonding the 3D film with automatically adjustable pixel pitch to the display panel, thereby achieving the function of adjusting optical parameters in real time according to viewing conditions. This solves the problem of poor adaptability to multiple scenarios caused by fixed pixel pitch, achieving a display effect that maintains high resolution, low crosstalk, and high brightness utilization at different viewing distances.

[0064] This application further proposes that the aforementioned 3D display device also includes a drive control unit. This drive control unit is a core intelligent module whose main function is to receive external input information (such as viewing distance sensor data, image content analysis results, or user manual input) and generate corresponding control commands based on preset control logic or algorithms. This unit can be composed of hardware such as a microcontroller, digital signal processor, or dedicated control chip, and integrates corresponding software programs to achieve intelligent management and decision-making throughout the entire adjustment process.

[0065] The drive control unit is electrically connected to the adjustable adhesive layer 300. This electrical connection establishes a signal transmission path between the drive control unit and the adjustable adhesive layer 300. Specifically, the drive control unit sends electrical signals to the adjustable adhesive layer 300 through this electrical connection. These electrical signals can be voltages, currents, or pulse sequences, used to activate or control the drive mechanism within the adjustable adhesive layer 300. For example, if the adjustable adhesive layer 300 integrates a miniature piezoelectric actuator, electrostrictive material, or micromotor, this electrical connection will provide it with the necessary drive energy or control signals.

[0066] The drive control unit is used to drive the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit to perform horizontal relative displacement. This means that the drive control unit is the executor for realizing automatic adjustment of the 3D film dot pitch. Based on received external information and internal algorithms, it calculates the required relative displacement and transmits precise drive signals to the adjustable adhesive layer 300 via electrical connection. Upon receiving these signals, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 generates corresponding deformation or driving force, thereby causing the first and second 3D processing units to perform precise relative movement in the horizontal direction, thus realizing real-time adjustment of the 3D film dot pitch, grating pitch, shading stripe pitch, and duty cycle D.

[0067] Through the above technical solution, the drive control unit can intelligently generate control commands based on external conditions (such as viewing distance, screen content, or user needs), and precisely transmit these commands to the adjustable adhesive layer 300 via electrical connection. Upon receiving the commands, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 can be precisely driven, thereby achieving automatic, real-time, and precise relative displacement between the first and second 3D processing units in the horizontal direction. This allows the pixel pitch, grating pitch, shading stripe pitch, and duty cycle D of the 3D film to be dynamically optimized according to actual needs, thus providing the best 3D display effect in different viewing scenarios (e.g., reducing the pixel pitch to improve resolution when viewing at close range, and increasing the pixel pitch to optimize brightness utilization when viewing at a distance), significantly improving the intelligence and user experience of the 3D display device.

[0068] Reference Figure 5 This application proposes a 3D film display method with automatically adjustable dot pitch, the core of which lies in achieving adaptive changes in dot pitch through dynamic adjustment of optical parameters. Specific implementation steps include: First, according to the parameter design formula W... b =(1-D)*P s Perform the calculation, where W b For the light-shielding stripe pitch, P sLet D be the grating pitch and D be the duty cycle. Based on the calculation results, the phase difference pitch, the shading fringe pitch, the grating pitch, and the duty cycle D are set. Next, by causing relative displacement between the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit in the horizontal direction, the grating pitch, the shading fringe pitch, and the duty cycle D are adjusted, thereby achieving automatic adjustment of the dot pitch. In this method, the first 3D processing unit includes a first polarizing light unit 101, a first phase processing layer 102, a second phase processing layer 103, and a first surface protection layer 104; the second 3D processing unit includes a second polarizing light unit 201, a third phase processing layer 202, a fourth phase processing layer 203, and a second surface protection layer 204; an adjustable adhesive layer 300 is provided between the two layers, which supports relative displacement in the horizontal direction and maintains positioning.

[0069] Through the above technical solutions, the 3D film can automatically adjust the dot pitch in real time according to the actual viewing distance, screen content or user needs, effectively solving the problems of screen crosstalk and resolution loss caused by fixed dot pitch, significantly improving the scene adaptability and viewing comfort of 3D display, and providing technical support for multi-scenario applications.

[0070] This application further proposes that the pixel pitch increases with increasing viewing distance and decreases with decreasing viewing distance.

[0071] Specifically, when a user is viewing an image at close range, the human eye has a strong ability to perceive image details. In this situation, by reducing the pixel pitch of the 3D film, the pixels of the 3D image can be made more densely packed within a unit area, thus presenting more image information within a limited display area and significantly improving the detail and clarity of the 3D image, i.e., increasing display resolution. The drive control unit can determine whether the viewing is at close range based on a preset distance threshold or viewing distance information obtained in real time through sensors. Once identified, the drive control unit sends a command to the adjustable adhesive layer 300, causing it to drive the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit to perform a horizontal relative displacement, thereby reducing the pixel pitch of the 3D film. For example, while keeping the duty cycle D constant, the grating pitch P is reduced. s This results in the light-shielding stripe pitch W b The spacing is also reduced accordingly, ultimately achieving a reduction in the distance between dots.

[0072] Conversely, when users are viewing from a distance, the human eye's ability to perceive image details decreases, while the demand for overall brightness and stereoscopic effect becomes more prominent. In this case, increasing the pixel pitch of the 3D film allows each stereoscopic pixel to occupy a larger display area, thus allowing more light to pass through, reducing light loss, improving the overall brightness of the displayed image, and optimizing brightness utilization. Similarly, the drive control unit determines that the viewing is from a distance based on the viewing distance information and instructs the adjustable adhesive layer 300 to drive the first and second 3D processing units to perform horizontal relative displacement, thereby increasing the pixel pitch of the 3D film. For example, while keeping the duty cycle D constant, increasing the grating pitch P... s This results in the light-shielding stripe pitch W b This also increases accordingly, ultimately increasing the dot pitch. Alternatively, while maintaining the grating pitch P... s With the duty cycle D remaining constant, the pitch W of the shading stripes is increased. b This reduces the area of ​​light transmission, thereby increasing the utilization rate of brightness.

[0073] By dynamically adjusting the pixel pitch based on viewing distance, this application intelligently adapts to different viewing scenarios. When viewed at close range, reducing the pixel pitch effectively improves the display resolution of the 3D image, allowing users to observe finer details and thus obtain a more immersive and clearer 3D experience. When viewed at a distance, increasing the pixel pitch optimizes brightness utilization, ensuring that the 3D image maintains sufficient brightness and contrast even at greater distances, preventing the image from being too dark and affecting the viewing experience, while also effectively reducing the power consumption of the display device. This adaptive adjustment strategy significantly improves the practicality and user experience of the 3D display device, achieving an optimal balance between resolution and brightness.

[0074] This application further proposes to achieve horizontal relative displacement and positioning maintenance between the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit through an adjustable adhesive layer 300. Specifically, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 is designed as a material or structure with controllable physical properties, and its core function is to simultaneously provide a driving or allowing mechanism for relative displacement, and to provide stable positioning maintenance capability after the displacement is completed.

[0075] To achieve horizontal relative displacement, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 can employ various technical solutions. For example, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 can contain electrorheological fluids or magnetorheological fluids, whose viscosity or shear strength undergoes reversible changes when an electric or magnetic field is applied. When displacement adjustment is required, the fluid is kept in a low-viscosity state by controlling the electric or magnetic field, thereby allowing relative sliding between the first and second 3D processing units. Furthermore, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 can also integrate micro-drive units, such as piezoelectric actuators or micro-linear motors, which can act directly or indirectly on the adhesive layer to generate precise horizontal thrust, thereby achieving relative movement between the two processing units. In another embodiment, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 can be made of a material with a variable coefficient of friction, and its friction can be adjusted by an external control mechanism (e.g., mechanical pressure or temperature changes) to achieve movement and stopping.

[0076] After displacement adjustment is completed, the physical properties of the adjustable adhesive layer 300 are adjusted to a state of high viscosity, high shear strength, or high friction to achieve positioning retention. For example, if an electrorheological fluid or a magnetorheological fluid is used, after reaching the target position, the fluid is rapidly "solidified" by applying or maintaining a corresponding electric or magnetic field, thereby firmly locking the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit in their current relative positions. If an integrated micro-drive unit is used, after displacement is completed, the drive unit can remain locked or ensure that the position does not drift through a braking mechanism. If a material with a variable coefficient of friction is used, the position is fixed by increasing friction. Through the above mechanisms, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 can ensure that the relative position between the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit can be stably and accurately maintained after adjustment, avoiding displacement drift caused by external vibrations or gravity.

[0077] Through the above technical solution, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 not only serves as a medium connecting the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit, but also as a core functional component for achieving their horizontal relative displacement and positioning. This integrated design makes the automatic adjustment process of the 3D film's dot pitch, grating pitch, light-shielding stripe pitch, and duty cycle D more precise and reliable. During the adjustment process, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 can provide smooth and controllable movement, ensuring the accurate setting of 3D parameters; after adjustment, its strong positioning and holding capability can effectively prevent the set 3D parameters from drifting, thereby ensuring the long-term stability and consistency of the 3D display effect. This significantly improves the adaptability and user experience of the 3D film in different viewing scenarios (such as reducing the dot pitch to improve display resolution in close-range viewing scenarios, or increasing the dot pitch to optimize brightness utilization in long-range viewing scenarios), avoiding 3D crosstalk or display blurring problems caused by unstable position.

[0078] Reference Figure 5 A method for displaying a 3D film with automatically adjustable dot pitch first involves the drive control unit acquiring the current viewing distance, image content, or user requirements, and then designing the parameters according to the formula W. b =(1-D)*P s W b For the light-shielding stripe pitch, P s The required grating pitch P is determined by calculating the grating pitch P, where P is the grating pitch and D is the duty cycle. s , Light-shielding stripe pitch W b and duty cycle D; then the drive control unit outputs a corresponding control signal to the adjustable adhesive layer 300, driving the adjustable adhesive layer 300 to cause the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit to move relative to each other in the horizontal direction, thereby adjusting the dot pitch and grating pitch P of the 3D film in real time. s and the pitch W of the light-shielding stripes b During this process, the system makes judgments based on the scene: if it is a close-up view, the pixel pitch is reduced by relative displacement to improve the display resolution; if it is a long-distance view, the pixel pitch is increased to optimize brightness utilization and reduce image crosstalk; after the displacement adjustment is completed, the adjustable adhesive layer 300 automatically enters the positioning and holding state to ensure that the relative position of the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit remains stable, and finally outputs a high-definition, low-crosstalk 3D display image stably. The first 3D processing unit includes a first polarizing light unit 101, a first phase processing layer 102, a second phase processing layer 103, and a first surface protection layer 104. The second 3D processing unit includes a second polarizing light unit 201, a third phase processing layer 202, a fourth phase processing layer 203, and a second surface protection layer 204. An adjustable adhesive layer 300 is provided between the two layers. The polarization directions of the first polarizing light unit 101 and the second polarizing light unit 201 are orthogonal to each other. The first phase processing layer 102, the second phase processing layer 103, the third phase processing layer 202, and the fourth phase processing layer 203 are all λ / 4 phase delay layers.

[0079] For any parts not mentioned in this invention, existing technologies can be used or referenced.

[0080] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments.

[0081] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A 3D film with automatically adjustable dot spacing, characterized in that, It includes a first 3D processing unit, a second 3D processing unit, and an adjustable adhesive layer (300) disposed between the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit. The first 3D processing unit includes a first polarization unit (101), a first phase processing layer (102), and a second phase processing layer (103). The second 3D processing unit includes a second polarization unit (201), a third phase processing layer (202), and a fourth phase processing layer (203). The polarization directions of the first polarization unit (101) and the second polarization unit (201) are orthogonal to each other; The first phase processing layer (102), the second phase processing layer (103), the third phase processing layer (202), and the fourth phase processing layer (203) are all λ / 4 phase delay layers; The first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit can achieve relative horizontal displacement through the adjustable adhesive layer (300) to adjust the dot pitch, grating pitch, shading stripe pitch and duty cycle D of the 3D film in real time.

2. The 3D film with automatically adjustable dot spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first polarizing unit (101) is a 0° linear polarization layer in the horizontal direction, and the second polarizing unit (201) is a 90° linear polarization layer in the horizontal direction.

3. The 3D film with automatically adjustable dot spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first phase processing layer (102) is set at 45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarizing unit (101), the second phase processing layer (103) is set at -45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarizing unit (101), and the first phase processing layer (102) and the second phase processing layer (103) are arranged alternately; the third phase processing layer (202) is set at 45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarizing unit (101), the fourth phase processing layer (203) is set at -45° to the 0° optical axis direction of the first polarizing unit (101), and the third phase processing layer (202) and the fourth phase processing layer (203) are arranged alternately.

4. A 3D film with automatically adjustable dot spacing according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first 3D processing unit further includes a first surface protection layer (104), and the second 3D processing unit further includes a second surface protection layer (204). The adjustable adhesive layer (300) is disposed between the first surface protective layer (104) and the second surface protective layer (204).

5. A 3D film with automatically adjustable dot spacing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first surface protective layer (104) and the second surface protective layer (204) are made of non-optically active optical materials, including PC or TAC.

6. A 3D display device with automatically adjustable dot pitch, characterized in that, Includes a display panel and a 3D film with automatically adjustable dot pitch as described in any one of claims 1-5; The 3D film is bonded to the light-emitting side of the display panel and can automatically adjust the pixel pitch according to the viewing distance, screen content, or user needs.

7. The 3D display device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a drive control unit, which is electrically connected to the adjustable adhesive layer (300) for driving the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit to perform horizontal relative displacement.

8. A 3D film display method with automatically adjustable dot pitch, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: According to the parameter design formula W b =(1-D)*P s W b For the light-shielding stripe pitch, P s denoted by , where is the grating pitch; and is the duty cycle. Calculate and set the phase difference pitch, shading fringe pitch, grating pitch, and duty cycle D. By adjusting the grating pitch, the shading stripe pitch, and the duty cycle D through the horizontal relative displacement of the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit, the point spacing can be automatically adjusted. The first 3D processing unit includes a first polarizing light unit (101), a first phase processing layer (102), a second phase processing layer (103), and a first surface protection layer (104). The second 3D processing unit includes a second polarization unit (201), a third phase processing layer (202), a fourth phase processing layer (203), and a second surface protection layer (204). An adjustable adhesive layer (300) is provided between the two layers.

9. The 3D film display method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pixel pitch increases with increasing viewing distance and decreases with decreasing viewing distance.

10. The 3D film display method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The horizontal relative displacement and positioning of the first 3D processing unit and the second 3D processing unit are maintained by the adjustable adhesive layer (300).

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