Photovoltaic module and method and apparatus for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application provides a photovoltaic module and a preparation method and a preparation device thereof. The preparation method of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps: obtaining a bus bar and a cell piece, the first surface of the cell piece is welded with a solder strip, and the solder strip has a solder strip protruding part which protrudes relative to the cell piece; the solder strip protruding part is bent relative to the first surface by a first preset angle; and the bus bar is welded with the solder strip protruding part. The solder strip protruding part is bent relative to the first surface by the first preset angle, so that the solder strip protruding part is located on the side of the cell piece close to or away from the first surface. When the solder strip protruding part bent by the first preset angle is welded with the bus bar, the pressing welding direction and the thickness direction of the cell piece form a first preset angle, thereby solving the problem that the pressing welding direction is consistent with the thickness direction of the cell piece when the bus bar is welded with the solder strip in the prior art, and the cell piece is forced. The damage rate of the cell piece is reduced, and the yield of the production line of the cell piece is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of solar cell fabrication technology, and in particular to a photovoltaic module and its fabrication method and equipment. Background Technology

[0002] As fossil fuels are gradually depleted, solar energy is becoming increasingly widely used as a new energy alternative. A solar cell is a device that converts sunlight into electrical energy. Solar cells utilize the photovoltaic principle to generate charge carriers, which are then extracted using electrodes, thus facilitating the efficient use of electrical energy.

[0003] When welding busbars and welding strips to existing photovoltaic modules, the pressure welding force can easily cause the cells to crack and be damaged, reducing the product yield and restricting the stability of the module's use. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a photovoltaic module and its preparation method and equipment, which at least helps to solve the problem that the pressure welding force easily causes the cells to crack and be damaged when welding the busbars and welding strips of existing photovoltaic modules.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, the embodiments of this application provide a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module in a first aspect, comprising: Obtain a busbar and a battery cell, wherein a solder strip is welded to the first surface of the battery cell, and the solder strip has a solder strip protrusion that extends relative to the battery cell; The solder strip protrusion is bent at a first preset angle relative to the first surface so that the solder strip protrusion is located on the side of the battery cell that is close to or far from the first surface. The busbar is welded to the protruding part of the welding strip.

[0006] Optionally, the first preset angle can be greater than or equal to 88° and less than or equal to 92°.

[0007] Optionally, welding the busbar to the solder strip extension includes: moving the busbar to the side of the battery cell away from the first surface, and maintaining a first preset distance between the busbar and the solder strip extension in a first direction parallel to the first surface; and pressure welding the busbar and the solder strip extension together along the first direction.

[0008] Optionally, the value range of the first preset distance is greater than or equal to -0.2mm and less than or equal to 0.2mm.

[0009] Optionally, after welding the busbar to the solder strip extension, the method further includes rotating the busbar toward the battery cell by a second preset angle.

[0010] Optionally, welding the busbar to the solder strip extension includes: placing two battery cells along a first direction parallel to the first surface, and making the solder strip extensions on the two battery cells extend toward each other; welding the busbar to the solder strip extensions of the two battery cells.

[0011] Optionally, welding the busbar to the solder strip extensions of the two battery cells includes: moving the busbar to the same side of the solder strip extensions of the two battery cells; and welding the solder strip extensions of the two battery cells to the same surface of the busbar.

[0012] To achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a photovoltaic module manufacturing apparatus in a second aspect, applicable to the aforementioned photovoltaic module manufacturing method. The photovoltaic module manufacturing apparatus includes: a solder ribbon bending mechanism, which is used to bend the solder ribbon extension relative to the first surface of the solar cell at a first preset angle, so that one end of the solder ribbon extension away from the solar cell is located on the side of the solar cell away from the first surface; and a welding mechanism, which is used to weld the busbar to the solder ribbon extension.

[0013] Optionally, the welding mechanism includes: a welding module having a movable welding part for moving the busbar to the side of the battery cell away from the first surface, and maintaining a first preset distance between the busbar and the solder strip protrusion in a first direction parallel to the first surface; and an abutment module for pressure welding the busbar and the solder strip protrusion together with the welding part along the first direction.

[0014] Optionally, the welding part is rotatably configured so that it rotates a first preset angle to a gripping position or an intermediate position.

[0015] Optionally, the welding part is movably configured to move to an intermediate position or a welding position, wherein the welding position is a position at a first preset distance from the weld strip protrusion.

[0016] Optionally, the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment further includes: a detection module disposed on the welding module, wherein the detection part of the detection module is disposed facing the first direction and is used to detect the distance between the welding part and the weld strip extension.

[0017] Optionally, the photovoltaic module fabrication equipment further includes: a plurality of clamping parts spaced apart along the extension direction of the welding part; a rotating shaft passing through the welding part, wherein the plurality of clamping parts are mounted on the rotating shaft so that the plurality of clamping parts are rotatably mounted on the welding part for clamping or loosening the busbar.

[0018] Optionally, the abutting module is disposed on one side of the welding portion located at the welding position, and the abutting module is movably disposed to limit the extension of the welding strip; wherein, the abutting module is provided with a clearance groove, and the clearance groove is disposed corresponding to the clamping portion located at the welding position, so as to avoid the clamping portion when limiting the extension of the welding strip.

[0019] To achieve the above objectives, this application also provides a photovoltaic module in a third aspect, comprising: a battery string including battery cells; and a busbar welded to the battery cells by the above-described photovoltaic module manufacturing method, or welded to the battery cells by the above-described photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: The photovoltaic module manufacturing method of this application includes obtaining a busbar and a solar cell. A solder strip is welded to the first surface of the solar cell, and the solder strip has a solder strip protrusion extending relative to the solar cell. The solder strip protrusion is bent at a first preset angle relative to the first surface. The busbar is then welded to the solder strip protrusion. By bending the solder strip protrusion at the first preset angle relative to the first surface, the solder strip protrusion is positioned on the side of the solar cell closer to or further away from the first surface. This ensures that when the solder strip protrusion bent at the first preset angle is welded to the busbar, the welding direction forms an angle with the thickness direction of the solar cell. This avoids applying pressure along the thickness direction of the solar cell during welding, thus preventing microcracks and fragmentation during welding. This solves the problem in the prior art where the welding direction of the busbar is aligned with the thickness direction of the solar cell, causing stress on the solar cell. This reduces the damage rate of the solar cells and improves the yield rate of the solar cell production line.

[0021] The photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in this application also reduces the area of ​​the cells in a unit photovoltaic module and increases the utilization rate of the photovoltaic module by folding the solder strips welded on the cells along the edge of the cells to the back of the cells. Attached Figure Description

[0022] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Unless otherwise stated, the drawings in the accompanying drawings do not constitute a limitation on scale. In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or in the conventional art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment in this application embodiment when the welding part is located in the middle position; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment in this embodiment, when the welding part is in the gripping position and ready to be gripped. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment in the embodiment of this application when the welding part is in the gripping position and has been gripped; Figure 4 This is a first-view structural diagram of the connection between the solder strip and the busbar in the photovoltaic module in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a second-view structural diagram of the connection between the solder strip and the busbar in the photovoltaic module in an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a top view of a battery string structure in an embodiment of this application.

[0024] This application includes an explanation of the icon symbols: 1. Busbar; 2. First solar cell; 3. First welding strip; 31. First welding segment; 32. Second welding segment; 4. Second solar cell; 5. Second welding strip; 51. Third welding segment; 52. Fourth welding segment; 6. Welding module; 61. Welding part; 7. Pressing module; 71. Pressing part; 8. Abutment module; 81. Clearance groove; 9. Support platform; 110. First cover plate; 120. Encapsulation film; 130. Second cover plate; 140. Battery string; 141. Battery cell; 142. Connecting component.

[0025] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0026] As is known from the background technology, in the process of solar cell manufacturing, in order to connect the cell string and the busbar in the photovoltaic module, it is necessary to weld the busbar and the solder strip of the cell string. However, in the prior art, the welding surface of the busbar is parallel to the first surface of the cell. This causes the welding direction to be consistent with the thickness direction of the cell when the welding part welds the busbar and the solder strip. As a result, the cell will be subjected to the applied force along its thickness direction, which will cause the cell to crack or even break.

[0027] Therefore, this application provides a method for manufacturing photovoltaic modules to solve the problem in the prior art where the welding direction of the busbar is aligned with the thickness direction of the solar cell when welding the busbar to the welding strip, causing stress on the solar cell.

[0028] Therefore, this application provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including obtaining a busbar and a solar cell. A solder strip is welded to the first surface of the solar cell, and the solder strip has a solder strip extension portion extending relative to the solar cell. The solder strip extension portion is bent at a first preset angle relative to the first surface. The busbar is then welded to the solder strip extension portion. By bending the solder strip extension portion at a first preset angle relative to the first surface, the solder strip extension portion is positioned on the side of the solar cell closer to or further away from the first surface. This ensures that when the solder strip extension portion bent at the first preset angle is welded to the busbar, the welding direction forms an angle of the first preset angle with the thickness direction of the solar cell. This avoids applying pressure along the thickness direction of the solar cell during welding, thus preventing microcracks and fragmentation during welding. This solves the problem in the prior art where the welding direction of the busbar is aligned with the thickness direction of the solar cell, causing stress on the solar cell. This reduces the damage rate of the solar cells and improves the yield rate of the solar cell production line.

[0029] The photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in this application also reduces the area of ​​the cells in a unit photovoltaic module and increases the utilization rate of the photovoltaic module by folding the solder strips welded on the cells along the edge of the cells to the back of the cells.

[0030] As used herein, the terms “vertical,” “longitudinal,” “horizontal,” and “lateral” refer to the principal plane of the reference structure and are not necessarily defined by the Earth’s gravitational field. A “horizontal” or “lateral” direction is generally parallel to the principal plane of the structure, while a “vertical” or “longitudinal” direction is generally perpendicular to the principal plane of the structure. The principal plane of the structure is defined by the surface of the structure that has a relatively large area compared to the other surfaces of the structure. Referring to the figures, a “horizontal” or “lateral” direction may be perpendicular to the indicated “Z” axis and parallel to the indicated “X” axis and / or parallel to the indicated “Y” axis; and a “vertical” or “longitudinal” direction may be parallel to the indicated “Z” axis, perpendicular to the indicated “X” axis, and perpendicular to the indicated “Y” axis.

[0031] As used herein, features described as “adjacent” to each other (e.g., areas, structures, devices) mean and include features with one or more disclosed identifiers that are most closely (e.g., closest) to each other. Additional features (e.g., additional areas, additional structures, additional devices) with one or more disclosed identifiers that do not match “adjacent” features may be positioned between “adjacent” features. In other words, “adjacent” features may be positioned directly adjacent to each other such that no other features intervene between “adjacent” features; or “adjacent” features may be positioned indirectly adjacent to each other such that at least one feature having an identifier other than the identifier associated with at least one “adjacent” feature is positioned between “adjacent” features. Thus, features described as “vertically adjacent” to each other mean and include features disclosed by one or more identifiers located at the vertical closest (e.g., vertically closest) to each other. Furthermore, features described as “horizontally adjacent” to each other mean and include features of one or more disclosed identifiers located at the horizontal closest (e.g., horizontally closest) to each other.

[0032] In the following description, the second component may be formed or disposed above or on the first component, or on the surface of the first component, or on one side of the first component. This may include embodiments where the first and second components are in direct contact, and may also include embodiments where an additional component may be present between the first and second components, thereby preventing direct contact. For simplicity and clarity, various components may be drawn at different scales. In the accompanying drawings, some layers / components may be omitted for simplicity.

[0033] Unless otherwise specified, the formation or provision of a second component on the surface of a first component means that the first component and the second component are in direct contact.

[0034] The “components” mentioned above can refer to layers, films, regions, parts, structures, etc.

[0035] Furthermore, for ease of description, spaced relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower,” “above,” and “upper” may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or component to another (or more) element or component as shown in the figures. In addition to the orientations shown in the figures, spaced relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device during use or operation. The device may be oriented in other ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spaced relative descriptors used herein can be interpreted accordingly. Additionally, the term “made of” may mean “comprising” or “consisting of.” Furthermore, one or more additional operations may occur during / between the described operations in subsequent manufacturing processes, and the order of operations may change. In the following embodiments, the terms “upper,” “above,” and / or “above” are defined along directions of increasing distance from the front and rear surfaces. Materials, configurations, dimensions, processes, and / or operations as described in the embodiments may be used in other embodiments, and their detailed descriptions may be omitted.

[0036] As used herein, spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “lower,” “bottom,” “above,” “upper,” “top,” “front,” “back,” “left,” and “right” are used for ease of description to describe the relationship between one element or feature and another element or feature illustrated in the figures. Unless otherwise specified, spatial relative terms are intended to cover different orientations of material other than those depicted in the figures. For example, if the material in the figures is inverted, then an element described as “below,” “under,” “lower,” or “bottom” of another element or feature would be oriented “above” or “top” of said other element or feature. Thus, the term “below” may cover both above and below orientations depending on the context in which the term is used, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Material may be oriented in other ways (e.g., rotated 90 degrees, inverted, flipped), and the spatial relative descriptive terms used herein may be interpreted accordingly.

[0037] As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a / an” and “the” also implicitly include the plural forms.

[0038] As used in this document, “and / or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0039] As used in this article, the phrase “coupled to” refers to structures that are operatively connected to each other (e.g., by direct ohmic connection or by indirect connection (e.g., by means of another structure)).

[0040] As used herein, the terms "substantially" or "basically" with respect to a given parameter, property, or condition mean and include the degree to which a given parameter, property, or condition conforms to deviations (e.g., within acceptable tolerances) as would be understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. By way of example, depending on the specific parameter, property, or condition that is substantially satisfied, it may satisfy at least 90.0%, at least 95.0%, at least 99.0%, at least 99.9%, or even 100.0%.

[0041] As used herein, the terms "about," "approximately," or "about" when referring to a particular parameter include the value, and those skilled in the art will understand that the deviation from the value is within acceptable tolerances of the particular parameter. For example, "about" or "about" with respect to a value may include additional values ​​that are in the range of 90.0% to 110.0% of the value, such as in the range of 95.0% to 105.0%, 97.5% to 102.5%, 99.0% to 101.0%, 99.5% to 100.5%, or 99.9% to 100.1%.

[0042] As used herein, “conductive material” means and includes one or more of the following conductive materials: metals (e.g., tungsten (W), titanium (Ti), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), vanadium (V), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), chromium (Cr), zirconium (Zr), iron (Fe), ruthenium (Ru), osmium (Os), cobalt (Co), rhodium (Rh), iridium (Ir), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), copper (Cu), silver (Ag), gold (Au), aluminum (Al)), alloys (e.g., Co-based alloys, Fe-based alloys) The term "conductive structure" refers to and includes structures formed from and containing conductive materials, such as gold, Ni-based alloys, Fe and Ni-based alloys, Co and Ni-based alloys, Fe and Co-based alloys, Co, Ni and Fe-based alloys, Al-based alloys, Cu-based alloys, magnesium (Mg)-based alloys, Ti-based alloys, steel, low-carbon steel, and stainless steel. It also includes conductive metal materials (e.g., conductive metal nitrides, conductive metal silicides, conductive metal carbides, and conductive metal oxides) and conductive doped semiconductor materials (e.g., conductive doped polysilicon, conductive doped germanium (Ge), and conductive doped silicon-germanium (SiGe)). Furthermore, "conductive structure" means and includes structures formed from conductive materials and containing conductive materials.

[0043] As used herein, “insulating material” means and includes one or more of the following electrically insulating materials: at least one dielectric oxide material (e.g., one or more of silicon oxide (SiOx), phosphosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, borosilicate glass, fluorosilicate glass, aluminum oxide (AlOx), hafnium oxide (HfOx), niobium oxide (NbOx), titanium oxide (TiOx), zirconium oxide (ZrOx), tantalum oxide (TaOx), and magnesium oxide (MgOx); at least one dielectric nitride material (e.g., silicon nitride (SiNy)); at least one dielectric oxynitride material (e.g., silicon oxynitride (SiOxNy)); at least one dielectric carbon oxide material (e.g., silicon oxycarbonate (SiOxCy)); at least one hydrogenated dielectric carbon oxide material (e.g., hydrogenated silicon oxycarbonate (SiCxOyHz)); and at least one dielectric carbon oxynitride material (e.g., silicon oxycarbonate (SiOxCzNy)). The chemical formulas containing one or more of “x”, “y”, and “z” (e.g., SiOx, AlOx, HfOx, NbOx, TiOx, SiNy, SiOxNy, SiOxCy, SiCxOyHz, SiOxCzNy) in this document represent materials containing “x” atoms of one element, “y” atoms of another element, and “z” atoms of an additional element (if present) relative to each atom of another element (e.g., Si, Al, Hf, Nb, Ti). Because chemical formulas represent relative atomic ratios rather than strict chemical structures, insulating materials may include one or more stoichiometric compounds and / or one or more non-stoichiometric compounds, and the values ​​of “x”, “y”, and “z” (if present) may be integers or non-integers. As used herein, the term “non-stoichiometric compound” means and includes compounds composed of an element that cannot be expressed by a ratio of well-defined natural numbers and violates the law of definite proportions. Additionally, “insulating structure” means and includes structures formed of and containing insulating materials.

[0044] Unless the context otherwise indicates, the materials described herein can be formed by any suitable technique, including but not limited to spin coating, blanket coating, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD), atomic layer deposition (ALD), plasma-enhanced ALD (PEALD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) (e.g., sputtering), or epitaxial growth. Depending on the specific material to be formed, the technique used for depositing or growing the material can be selected by one of ordinary skill in the art. Additionally, unless the context otherwise indicates, the removal of the material described herein can be achieved by any suitable technique, including but not limited to etching (e.g., dry etching, wet etching, vapor phase etching), ion milling, planarization (e.g., chemical mechanical planarization (CMP)), or other known methods.

[0045] As used herein, the term "semiconductor" can refer to, for example, a material layer, substrate, wafer, or substructure, and includes any substrate semiconductor structure. "Semiconductor" should be understood to include silicon sapphire (SOS) technology, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology, thin-film transistor (TFT) technology, doped and undoped semiconductors, epitaxial silicon layers supported by a substrate semiconductor structure, and other semiconductor structures well known to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, when "semiconductor" is referred to in the following description, regions / junctions may have been formed in the substrate semiconductor structure using prior process steps, and the term "semiconductor" may include an underlying layer containing such regions / junctions.

[0046] Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the term "conductive" and its related forms, such as conduct, conducting, and conduction, conductively, and conductivity, as used herein refer to electrical conductivity. Similarly, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the term "connection" and its related forms, such as connect, connected, and connection, as used herein refer to electrical connection.

[0047] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 7 This is a top view of a battery string structure according to an embodiment of this application. The X direction is the first direction, and the Y direction is the second direction.

[0048] A photovoltaic module typically includes a first cover plate 110, an encapsulation film 120, a second cover plate 130, and a cell string 140 covered by the encapsulation film 120, which are stacked in sequence. The cell string 140 includes a plurality of cells 141 and a plurality of connecting components 142 connecting adjacent cells 141. The surface of the cell 141 has a plurality of grid lines arranged at intervals along a first direction. The connecting components 142 are electrically connected to at least one grid line on each of two adjacent cells 141, thereby connecting the two adjacent cells 141.

[0049] In some embodiments, the solar cells include, but are not limited to, one or any combination of PERC (Passivated Emitter Rear Cell), IBC (Interdigitated Back Contact) cells, TOPCon (Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact) cells, HIT / HJT (Heterojunction Technology) cells, thin-film solar cells, and tandem solar cells. Thin-film solar cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite thin-film solar cells, copper indium selenide (CIGS) thin-film solar cells, gallium arsenide (GaAs) thin-film solar cells, and cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin-film solar cells. Tandem solar cells include, but are not limited to, perovskite cells stacked with crystalline silicon cells, perovskite cells stacked with perovskite cells, and perovskite cells stacked with thin-film cells.

[0050] The solar cell 141 can be a monocrystalline silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline silicon solar cell, an amorphous silicon solar cell, or a multi-component compound solar cell. Specifically, the multi-component compound solar cell can be a cadmium sulfide solar cell, a gallium arsenide solar cell, a copper indium selenide solar cell, or a perovskite solar cell. Furthermore, the solar cell 141 can be a single cell or a sliced ​​cell; a sliced ​​cell refers to a cell formed by cutting a single, complete solar cell.

[0051] The solar cell 141 can be illuminated from both sides or from one side. Taking a single-sided illumination of the solar cell 141, with the first cover plate 110 facing the illuminated side of multiple solar cells 141 in the solar cell string 140 as an example, the main function of the first cover plate 110 is to prevent damage to the solar cell string 140, ensuring that the photovoltaic module can withstand harsh weather conditions and has good photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, the first cover plate 110 has high hardness and transparency, where transparency represents the transmittance of the first cover plate 110 to light of a specific wavelength. Therefore, the first cover plate 110 can be a glass cover plate, a plastic cover plate, or other cover plates with good light transmission and that are not easily damaged.

[0052] At this time, the second cover plate 130 faces the backlight surface of the battery cell 141, and its main function is to protect the battery cell 141. Therefore, in order to ensure that the second cover plate 130 has good sealing, insulation, waterproof or aging resistance properties, the second cover plate 130 can be a cover plate composed of three layers of polyvinyl fluoride film (PVF) + polyester film (PET) + PVF, abbreviated as TPT cover plate. Among them, the outer protective layer PVF has good resistance to environmental corrosion, the middle layer PET has good insulation properties, and the inner PVF, after surface treatment and encapsulation film 120, has good adhesion properties. The second cover plate 130 can also be a cover plate composed of thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with high elasticity, high strength and recyclability.

[0053] In the case where the solar cell 141 is a double-sided light-receiving cell, the front of the solar cell 141 receives incident light, and the back receives reflected light. The main function of the cover plate is to prevent damage to the solar cell string 140 and to ensure that the solar cell 141 has good photoelectric conversion efficiency. Therefore, both the first cover plate 110 and the second cover plate 130 can be selected as cover plates with good light transmittance and reliability. For example, both the first cover plate 110 and the second cover plate 130 can be made of tempered glass with high transparency and high strength. Using two layers of tempered glass as the first cover plate 110 and the second cover plate 130 respectively constitutes a double-glass module, further improving the light transmittance and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module.

[0054] In addition, in order to improve the utilization rate of incident light irradiating the photovoltaic module, during the manufacturing process of the photovoltaic module, the surface of the first cover plate 110 and / or the second cover plate 130 facing the battery string 140 can be texturized in advance, so that the surface of the first cover plate 110 and / or the second cover plate 130 facing the battery string 140 is changed to an uneven surface or a textured surface containing multiple raised structures.

[0055] The solar cell 141 includes cells with main grids and cells without main grids. When the solar cell 141 is a cell with main grids, the surface of the solar cell 141 has a plurality of main grids spaced apart along a first direction and a plurality of sub-grids spaced apart along a second direction. The main grid includes main grid connection lines and pads located on the main grid connection lines. During the process of constructing a cell string 140 using the solar cells 141, the connecting component 142 is electrically connected to at least one main grid on each of two adjacent solar cells 141. The connecting component 142 can be electrically connected to the main grid by soldering to the pads, or the connecting component 142 can be pre-fixed above the main grid using adhesive dots, and the electrical connection with the main grid is achieved by the fusion of the adhesive dots and the deformation of the connecting component 142 during the lamination process.

[0056] When the solar cell 141 is a gridless cell, its surface has multiple sub-grids spaced apart along a second direction. During the process of constructing a cell string using the solar cells 141, the connecting component 142 is electrically connected to the multiple sub-grids on each of two adjacent solar cells 141. The connecting component 142 can be fixed at a specific position on the solar cell 141 by adhesive dots, and then the electrical connection between the connecting component 142 and the sub-grids is achieved by the fusion of the adhesive dots and the deformation of the connecting component 142 during the lamination process.

[0057] The encapsulation film 120 is located between the cover plate and the battery string 140. Its main function is to act as a medium to bond the first cover plate 110 and the second cover plate 130 to the battery string 140, respectively. Since the battery cell 141 is very fragile, the cover plate cannot be directly attached to the surface of the battery cell 141. Therefore, during the photovoltaic module manufacturing process, a layer of adhesive film is laid on two opposite surfaces of the battery string 140, and then the first cover plate 110 and the second cover plate 130 are respectively placed on the adhesive film on different sides of the battery string 140 away from the battery string 140. The two layers of adhesive film laid on different surfaces of the battery string 140 are fused together by lamination to form the encapsulation film 120 covering the battery string 140. The first cover plate 110 and the second cover plate 130 are then bonded to the battery string 140 through the encapsulation film 120.

[0058] Since the encapsulation film 120 is located between the cover plate and the battery string 140, the incident light needs to pass through the encapsulation film 120 after passing through the first cover plate 110 before reaching the surface of the battery cell 141. Therefore, the encapsulation film 120 also needs to have good transparency. Therefore, the film used in the process of preparing the encapsulation film 120 can be ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) film, polyethylene octene coelastomer (POE) film, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film, or polyvinyl butyral film (PVB) film, etc.

[0059] Furthermore, the adhesive film used in the preparation of the encapsulation film 120 can also be an EP film, an EPE film, or a PVP film. Specifically, an EP film refers to a co-extruded film composed of stacked EVA and POE films; an EPE film refers to a co-extruded film formed by sequentially stacking EVA, POE, and EVA films; and a PVP film refers to a co-extruded film formed by stacking POE, EVA, and POE films. The co-extruded film can be prepared by sequentially extruding one or more raw materials onto another pre-made film during the film processing, or by bonding different types of pre-made films together.

[0060] Although this application discloses preferred embodiments as described above, it is not intended to limit the claims. Any person skilled in the art can make several possible changes and modifications without departing from the concept of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims of this application.

[0061] Those skilled in the art will understand that the above-described embodiments are specific examples of implementing this application, and in practical applications, various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Any person skilled in the art can make their own modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of this application; therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

[0062] This application provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module. This method involves welding the solar cells and busbars of the photovoltaic module. The following description will use the application of this photovoltaic module manufacturing method as an example. Figures 1 to 5 A preferred embodiment of the method for manufacturing photovoltaic modules provided in this application is shown.

[0063] Please see Figures 1 to 5 In some embodiments, the method for manufacturing the photovoltaic module includes: obtaining a busbar 1 and a solar cell, wherein a solder strip is welded to a first surface of the solar cell, the solder strip having a solder strip protrusion extending relative to the solar cell; bending the solder strip protrusion relative to the first surface at a first preset angle so that the solder strip protrusion is located on the side of the solar cell closer to or further away from the first surface; and welding the busbar 1 to the solder strip protrusion.

[0064] The photovoltaic module manufacturing method of this application bends the solder strip extension at a first preset angle relative to the first surface, positioning the solder strip extension on the side of the solar cell closer to or further away from the first surface. This ensures that when the bent solder strip extension is welded to the busbar 1, the welding direction forms an angle with the thickness direction of the solar cell. This avoids applying pressure along the thickness direction to the solar cell during welding, preventing microcracks and fragmentation. Furthermore, it solves the problem in the prior art where the welding direction of the busbar 1 aligns with the thickness direction of the solar cell, causing stress on the solar cell. This reduces the solar cell damage rate and improves the yield rate of the solar cell production line.

[0065] Specifically, to ensure that the welding direction forms a first preset angle with the thickness direction of the battery cell, the first preset angle is greater than or equal to 88° and less than or equal to 92°. For example, the first preset angle can be 88°, 88.2°, 88.4°, 88.6°, 88.8°, 89°, 89.2°, 89.4°, 89.6°, 89.8°, 90°, 90.2°, 90.4°, 90.6°, 90.8°, 91°, 91.2°, 91.4°, 91.6°, 91.8°, or 92°. Within this range, the welding part can avoid applying pressure along the thickness direction to the battery cell during welding.

[0066] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the first preset angle is set to 90° so that the welding direction is perpendicular to the thickness direction of the battery cell, and thus the welding direction is parallel to the plane of the battery cell. This minimizes the pressure applied to the battery cell during welding, thereby preventing the battery cell from cracking or even breaking due to stress and reducing the damage rate of the battery cell.

[0067] like Figure 1 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in one embodiment of the application, the battery cell includes a first battery cell 2, a first welding strip 3 is welded to the first surface of the first battery cell 2, the first welding strip 3 has a first welding segment 31 and a second welding segment 32 connected to each other, the first welding segment 31 is welded to the first surface of the first battery cell 2, and the second welding segment 32 is a welding strip protrusion that extends relative to the first battery cell 2; the second welding segment 32 is bent at 90° relative to the first surface so that the second welding segment 32 is located on the side of the first battery cell 2 closer to the first surface.

[0068] Optionally, since the initial state of the busbar 1 is that the welding surface of the busbar 1 is parallel to the first surface of the battery cell, in order to weld the welding surface of the busbar 1 to the bent solder strip extension, the busbar 1 needs to be rotated to a position where the angle between the welding surface of the busbar 1 and the first surface is a first preset angle. The specific rotation methods of the busbar 1 have the following embodiments: One specific embodiment is as follows: Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the busbar 1 is grasped and rotated by a first preset angle so that the angle between the welding surface of the busbar 1 and the first surface is the first preset angle. This rotation method is convenient to operate by directly grasping the busbar 1 onto the welding part 61 of the welding module 6 and then rotating the busbar 1. It does not require limiting the busbar 1 in its initial state placed on the bearing surface of the bearing platform 9.

[0069] Another specific embodiment is as follows: the busbar 1 in its initial state is limited to the bearing surface of the bearing platform 9, and the bearing surface of the busbar 1 drives the busbar 1 to rotate by a first preset angle so that the angle between the welding surface of the busbar 1 and the first surface is the first preset angle; this rotation method drives the busbar 1 to rotate by rotating the bearing surface, thereby reducing the movement of the welding part 61 of the welding module 6 and reducing production costs.

[0070] Specifically, in order to facilitate welding the busbar 1 to the solder strip extension, welding the busbar 1 to the solder strip extension includes: moving the busbar 1 to the side of the battery cell away from the first surface, and maintaining a first preset distance between the busbar 1 and the solder strip extension in a first direction X parallel to the first surface; and pressure welding the busbar 1 and the solder strip extension along the first direction X to move the busbar 1 to the position where it is welded to the solder strip extension.

[0071] Specifically, in order to maintain a first preset distance between the busbar 1 and the weld strip extension in a first direction X parallel to the first surface, the value of the first preset distance is greater than or equal to -0.2 mm and less than or equal to 0.2 mm. For example, the value of the first preset distance can be -0.2 mm, -0.19 mm, -0.18 mm, -0.17 mm, -0.16 mm, -0.15 mm, -0.14 mm, -0.13 mm, -0.12 mm, -0.11 mm, -0.1 mm, -0.09 mm, -0.08 mm, - 0.07mm, -0.06mm, -0.05mm, -0.04mm, -0.03mm, -0.02mm, -0.01mm, 0mm, 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.04mm, 0.05mm, 0.06mm, 0.07mm, 0.08mm, 0.09mm, 0.1mm, 0.11mm, 0.12mm, 0.13mm, 0.14mm, 0.15mm, 0.16mm, 0.17mm, 0.18mm, 0.19mm, or 0.2mm, etc. When the value of the first preset distance is greater than or equal to -0.2 mm and less than 0 mm, for example, when the value of the first preset distance is -0.2 mm or -0.1 mm, the busbar 1 and the solder strip protrusion are in an interference fit. In this case, at least a portion of the solder strip protrusion is pressed into the busbar 1 to ensure stable contact and reduce air entrapment during welding, thereby reducing the risk of porosity. When the value of the first preset distance is equal to 0 mm, the busbar 1 and the solder strip protrusion are in a transition fit. In this case, at least a portion of the solder strip protrusion contacts the busbar 1. This reduces mechanical damage to the busbar 1 during welding and facilitates positioning, thereby preventing microcracks in the busbar 1. When the value of the first preset distance is greater than 0 mm and less than or equal to 0.2 mm, for example, when the value of the first preset distance can be 0.1 mm or 0.2 mm, the busbar 1 and the weld strip protrusion are in clearance fit. In this case, the weld strip protrusion and the busbar 1 are spaced apart to provide a free flow channel for the weld strip protrusion during welding, and can adapt to large dimensional tolerances and unevenness of the surface of the busbar 1, thereby improving the welding effect.

[0072] Optionally, the first preset distance is set to a value of 0.1 mm so that the busbar 1 and the weld strip protrusion are in a clearance fit. In this case, the weld strip protrusion and the busbar 1 are spaced apart. This setting also facilitates rework and repeated welding, thereby further improving the welding effect.

[0073] In one embodiment, the battery cell includes a first battery cell 2, a first welding strip 3 welded to a first surface of the first battery cell 2, the first welding strip 3 having a first welding segment 31 and a second welding segment 32 connected to each other, the first welding segment 31 being welded to the first surface of the first battery cell 2, and the second welding segment 32 being a welding strip extension portion extending relative to the first battery cell 2; the busbar 1 is moved to the side of the first battery cell 2 away from the first surface, and the busbar 1 and the second welding segment 32 are kept at a distance of 0.1 mm in a first direction X parallel to the first surface; the busbar 1 and the second welding segment 32 are pressure welded together along the first direction X to move the busbar 1 to the position where it is welded to the second welding segment 32.

[0074] Optionally, in order to maintain a first preset distance between the busbar 1 and the solder strip protrusion in a first direction X parallel to the first surface, moving the busbar 1 and the solder strip protrusion to the welding position has the following specific implementation methods: One specific implementation involves limiting the extension of the welding strip and moving the busbar 1 to a position a first preset distance from the extension of the welding strip. This movement method only requires moving the busbar, making it easy to operate.

[0075] Another specific implementation method is as follows: the battery cell is moved to drive the welding strip extension to a preset position, and the busbar 1 is moved to a position a first preset distance away from the preset position; this movement method positions the busbar 1 and the welding strip extension respectively, and the movement trajectories of the busbar 1 and the welding strip extension are preset, and the welding position is specified as the preset position, which improves the operation accuracy.

[0076] As the background technology indicates, the increasing size of photovoltaic (PV) modules during solar cell manufacturing is due to several reasons: 1. To improve the power generation efficiency per unit area and reduce manufacturing costs, the area of ​​the solar cells is gradually increasing; 2. The busbars in conventional PV modules occupy a significant portion of the module's light-receiving surface; 3. In existing PV modules, the busbars and solder strips are directly welded using pressure welding, with the welding surface of the busbar parallel to the first surface of the solar cell. These factors result in large, thick PV modules with poor aesthetics, high material consumption, and high costs. To reduce the area of ​​the solar cells per unit area and increase the utilization rate of the PV module, it is necessary to fold the solder strips welded to the solar cells along the edge of the cells to the back of the cells.

[0077] Specifically, in order to bend the welded busbar 1 to the back of the battery cell, after welding the busbar 1 to the solder strip extension, the method further includes: rotating the busbar 1 toward the battery cell by a second preset angle so that the busbar 1 welded to the solder strip extension is rotated to the back of the battery cell, which facilitates subsequent operations and increases the light-receiving surface of the battery cell.

[0078] Furthermore, in order to rotate the busbar 1 toward the battery cell by a second preset angle, the second preset angle is greater than or equal to 88° and less than or equal to 90°, so that the busbar 1 drives the welded strip extension to continue rotating to a position close to the first surface of the battery cell, thereby increasing the light-receiving surface of the battery cell.

[0079] Optionally, the second preset angle is set to 90° so that the busbar 1 after being welded to the solder strip protrusion rotates to a position parallel to the first surface, thereby increasing the light-receiving surface of the battery cell.

[0080] In one embodiment, the battery cell includes a first battery cell 2, and a first welding strip 3 is welded to the first surface of the first battery cell 2. The first welding strip 3 has a first welding segment 31 and a second welding segment 32 that are connected to each other. The first welding segment 31 is welded to the first surface of the first battery cell 2, and the second welding segment 32 is a welding strip protrusion that extends relative to the first battery cell 2. The busbar 1, after being welded to the second welding segment 32, is rotated 90° toward the first battery cell 2 so that the busbar 1 is parallel to the first surface.

[0081] Specifically, since two adjacent battery cells need to be welded to the same busbar 1, in order to weld the two battery cells to the busbar 1, the busbar 1 is welded to the solder strip protrusion, which includes: placing the two battery cells along a first direction X parallel to the first surface, and making the solder strip protrusions on the two battery cells extend towards each other; and welding the busbar 1 to the solder strip protrusions of the two battery cells.

[0082] Specifically, in order to weld the solder strips of the two battery cells to the same side of the busbar 1, welding the busbar 1 to the solder strips of the two battery cells includes: moving the busbar 1 to the same side of the solder strips of the two battery cells; and welding the solder strips of the two battery cells to the same surface of the busbar 1.

[0083] Generally, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the opposite solder strip protrusions of the two battery cells are welded to the same welding point on the busbar 1. This arrangement simplifies the welding process, reduces losses, and improves work efficiency.

[0084] like Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, in one embodiment, the two battery cells include a first battery cell 2 and a second battery cell 4 placed at intervals along a first direction X parallel to the first surface. The first surface of the first battery cell 2 is welded with a first welding strip 3, which has a first welding segment 31 and a second welding segment 32 connected to each other. The first welding segment 31 is welded to the first surface of the first battery cell 2, and the second welding segment 32 is a welding strip extension that extends relative to the first battery cell 2. The second surface of the second battery cell 4 is welded with a second welding strip 5, which has a third welding segment 51 and a fourth welding segment 52 connected to each other. The third welding segment 51 is welded to the second surface of the second battery cell 4, and the fourth welding segment 52 is a welding strip extension that extends relative to the second battery cell 4. The second welding segment 32 and the fourth welding segment 52 extend toward each other. The busbar 1 is moved to the side of the fourth welding segment 52 away from the second welding segment 32, and the second welding segment 32 and the fourth welding segment 52 are welded to the same welding point on the busbar 1.

[0085] Generally, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, multiple solder strips are welded to the first surface of the solar cell. In order to weld the multiple solder strips to the busbar 1, the photovoltaic module manufacturing method further includes: the obtained solar cell has multiple solder strips, and the multiple solder strips are spaced apart along the length direction of the solar cell; the solder strip extension of each solder strip is bent at a first preset angle relative to the first surface to weld to the rotated busbar 1.

[0086] Optionally, the battery cells in the embodiments of this application include, but are not limited to, one or any combination of the following: a Passivated Emitter Rear Cell (PERC cell), an Interdigitated Back Contact (IBC) cell, a Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact (TOPCon) cell, and a Heterojunction Technology (HJT) cell.

[0087] In a second aspect, this application also provides a photovoltaic module manufacturing apparatus, which is applicable to the photovoltaic module manufacturing method described above. Since the photovoltaic module manufacturing method adopts the technical solution of the above embodiments, it has the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution of the above embodiments.

[0088] Specifically, the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment includes a ribbon bending mechanism and a welding mechanism. The ribbon bending mechanism is used to bend the ribbon extension relative to the first surface of the cell at a first preset angle so that the end of the ribbon extension away from the cell is located on the side of the cell away from the first surface. The welding mechanism is used to weld the busbar 1 to the ribbon extension.

[0089] The photovoltaic module fabrication equipment of this application includes a ribbon bending mechanism and a welding mechanism. The ribbon bending mechanism bends the protruding part of the ribbon relative to the first surface of the cell at a first preset angle, so that the end of the ribbon protruding part away from the cell is located on the side of the cell away from the first surface. The welding mechanism welds the welding strip 1, so that when the ribbon protruding part bent at the first preset angle is welded to the busbar 1, the welding direction forms an angle of the first preset angle with the thickness direction of the cell. This avoids the welding part from applying pressure along the thickness direction of the cell to the cell during the welding process, thus avoiding the problem of microcracks and fragments in the cell during welding. This solves the problem in the prior art where the welding direction of the busbar 1 is consistent with the thickness direction of the cell when welding with the ribbon, causing stress on the cell.

[0090] Specifically, for bending the solder strip, the welding mechanism includes a welding module 6 and an abutment module 8. The welding module 6 has a movable welding part 61 for moving the busbar 1 to the side of the battery cell away from the first surface and maintaining a first preset distance between the busbar 1 and the solder strip protrusion in a first direction X parallel to the first surface. The abutment module 8 is used to press-weld the busbar 1 and the solder strip protrusion together with the welding part 61 along the first direction X. By setting the welding part 61 to move along a predetermined trajectory to drive the busbar 1, operation is facilitated; the abutment module 8 limits the position of the solder strip protrusion and the busbar 1 during the welding operation.

[0091] Specifically, in order to set the welding part 61 to move along a predetermined trajectory, the predetermined trajectory for the movement of the welding part 61 has the following specific implementations: The first specific implementation is as follows: the welding part 61 is rotatably arranged so that the welding part 61 rotates to a first preset angle to the gripping position or the middle position, so that the welding part 61 drives the busbar 1 to move from the gripping position to the middle position.

[0092] The second specific implementation is as follows: the welding part 61 is movably provided so that the welding part 61 can move to the middle position or the welding position, wherein the welding position is a position at a first preset distance from the welding strip protrusion, so that the welding part 61 drives the busbar 1 to move from the middle position to the welding position.

[0093] The third specific implementation is as follows: the welding part 61 is rotatably arranged so that the welding part 61 rotates a first preset angle to the gripping position or the intermediate position, wherein the gripping position is the initial position of bearing the busbar 1, so that the welding part 61 drives the busbar 1 to rotate from the gripping position to the intermediate position; the welding part 61 is movably arranged so that the welding part 61 moves to the intermediate position or the welding position, wherein the welding position is a position at a first preset distance from the bent weld strip protrusion in a first direction parallel to the first surface, so that the welding part 61 drives the busbar 1 to move from the intermediate position to the welding position, thereby causing the welding part 61 to move the busbar 1 from the gripping position to the welding position, and then the welding part 61 welds the busbar 1 and the bent weld strip protrusion at the welding position.

[0094] Optionally, the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment further includes a drive rotation part and a drive movement part. The drive rotation part is driven to the welding part 61 to drive the welding part to rotate from the gripping position to the middle position; the drive movement part is driven to the welding part 61 to drive the welding part to move from the middle position to the welding position.

[0095] Optionally, the drive rotating part is a servo motor; the drive moving part is a cylinder.

[0096] Specifically, to facilitate the detection of the distance between the welding part 61 and the welding strip, the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment also includes a detection module. The detection module is mounted on the welding module 6, and the detection part of the detection module is oriented towards the first direction X. It is used to detect the distance between the welding part 61 and the extension of the welding strip, so as to improve the accuracy of operation. Optionally, the detection module is communicatively connected to the control unit of the welding module 6. When the detection module detects that the distance between the welding part 61 and the extension of the welding strip is a first preset distance, it sends a pause signal to the control unit of the welding module 6 to control the welding part 61 to move the busbar 1 to a position where the distance between the welding part 61 and the extension of the welding strip is the first preset distance.

[0097] Optionally, a specific embodiment of the detection module is an infrared sensor or a pressure sensor.

[0098] Specifically, in order to facilitate the gripping of the busbar 1, the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment also includes a clamping module 7. The clamping module 7 includes multiple clamping parts 71 and a rotating shaft. The multiple clamping parts 71 are spaced apart along the extension direction of the welding part 61. The rotating shaft passes through the welding part 61, and the multiple clamping parts 71 are mounted on the rotating shaft so that the multiple clamping parts 71 are rotatably mounted on the welding part 61 for clamping or loosening the busbar 1.

[0099] Optionally, the clamping module 7 also includes a drive gripping part, which is driven to the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, thereby gripping the busbar 1 onto the welding part 61.

[0100] Optionally, the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment also includes a support platform 9, the support surface of which is used to support the busbar 1. In order to avoid the clamping part 71, the support platform 9 is provided with multiple clearance gaps to avoid the rotation of the clamping part 71 when the clamping part 71 grabs the busbar 1 located on the support surface.

[0101] Specifically, in order to limit the welding strip, the abutment module 8 is provided on one side of the welding part 61 located at the welding position. The abutment module 8 is movably provided to limit the extension of the welding strip so as to facilitate the welding operation.

[0102] The abutment module 8 is provided with a clearance groove 81, which is provided in correspondence with the clamping part 71 located at the welding position, so as to clearance the clamping part 71 when limiting the extension of the welding strip.

[0103] In a third aspect, this application also provides a photovoltaic module, including a battery string and a busbar 1, wherein the battery string includes battery cells; the busbar 1 and the battery cells are welded together by the photovoltaic module manufacturing method described above. Since the photovoltaic module manufacturing method adopts the technical solution of the above embodiments, it has the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution of the above embodiments; or, the busbar 1 and the battery cells are welded together by the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment described above. Since the photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment adopts the technical solution of the above embodiments, it has the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution of the above embodiments.

[0104] The photovoltaic module manufacturing method of this application includes obtaining a busbar 1 and a solar cell. A solder strip is welded to the first surface of the solar cell, and the solder strip has a solder strip protrusion extending relative to the solar cell. The solder strip protrusion is bent at a first preset angle relative to the first surface. The busbar 1 is then welded to the solder strip protrusion. By bending the solder strip protrusion at the first preset angle relative to the first surface, the solder strip protrusion is positioned on the side of the solar cell closer to or further away from the first surface. This ensures that when the solder strip protrusion bent at the first preset angle is welded to the busbar 1, the welding direction forms an angle of the first preset angle with the thickness direction of the solar cell. This avoids applying pressure along the thickness direction of the solar cell to the welding part during welding, thus preventing microcracks and fragmentation of the solar cell during welding. This solves the problem in the prior art where the welding direction of the busbar is aligned with the thickness direction of the solar cell, causing stress on the solar cell. This reduces the damage rate of the solar cells and improves the yield rate of the solar cell production line.

[0105] The photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in this application also reduces the area of ​​the cells in a unit photovoltaic module and increases the utilization rate of the photovoltaic module by folding the solder strips welded on the cells along the edge of the cells to the back of the cells.

[0106] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the scope of the patent application. Any equivalent structural transformations made based on the inventive concept of this application and the contents of the specification and drawings of this application, or direct / indirect applications in other related technical fields, are included within the scope of patent protection of this application.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module manufacturing apparatus, characterized in that, include: A welding strip bending mechanism is used to bend the welding strip protruding part that extends relative to the battery cell at a first preset angle relative to the first surface of the battery cell, so that one end of the welding strip protruding part away from the battery cell is located on the side of the battery cell away from the first surface. A welding module includes a welding section, which is rotatably configured to rotate a first preset angle to a gripping position or an intermediate position, thereby causing the welding section to rotate a busbar from the gripping position to the intermediate position. The welding section is also movably configured to move to an intermediate position or a welding position, thereby causing the welding section to move the busbar from the intermediate position to the welding position, so that the welding section can weld the busbar to the bent weld strip protrusion at the welding position. Multiple clamping parts are spaced apart along the extension direction of the welded part; A rotating shaft passes through the welding part, and the plurality of clamping parts are mounted on the rotating shaft so that the plurality of clamping parts are rotatably mounted on the welding part for clamping or loosening the busbar; The abutment module, together with the welding part, pressure welds and fixes the busbar and the welding strip protrusion together along the first direction; Wherein, the gripping position is the initial position that supports the busbar; the welding position is the position at a first preset distance from the bent weld strip protrusion in the first direction parallel to the first surface.

2. The photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment also includes: A detection module is disposed on the welding module, and the detection part of the detection module is disposed facing the first direction, for detecting the distance between the welding part and the weld strip extension.

3. The photovoltaic module manufacturing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The abutting module is disposed on one side of the welding portion located at the welding position, and the abutting module is movably disposed to limit the protruding portion of the welding strip; The abutment module is provided with a clearance groove, which is correspondingly provided with the clamping part located at the welding position, so as to clearance the clamping part when limiting the extension of the welding strip.

4. A method for preparing a photovoltaic module, characterized in that, An apparatus suitable for manufacturing photovoltaic modules as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the method for manufacturing the photovoltaic module comprises: Obtain a busbar and a battery cell, wherein a solder strip is welded to the first surface of the battery cell, and the solder strip has a solder strip protrusion that extends relative to the battery cell; The solder strip protrusion is bent at a first preset angle relative to the first surface so that the solder strip protrusion is located on the side of the battery cell that is close to or far from the first surface. The busbar is welded to the protruding part of the welding strip.

5. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first preset angle has a value range of greater than or equal to 88° and less than or equal to 92°.

6. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of welding the busbar to the protruding weld strip includes: Move the busbar to the side of the battery cell away from the first surface, and keep the busbar and the solder strip protrusion at a first preset distance in a first direction parallel to the first surface; The busbar is press-welded to the protruding part of the welding strip along the first direction.

7. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first preset distance is greater than or equal to -0.2mm and less than or equal to 0.2mm.

8. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, After welding the busbar to the weld strip extension, the process further includes: Rotate the busbar toward the battery cell by a second preset angle.

9. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of welding the busbar to the protruding weld strip includes: Two battery cells are placed along a first direction parallel to the first surface, with the solder strips protruding from the two battery cells extending toward each other. The busbar is welded to the solder strip extensions of the two battery cells.

10. The method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that, The step of welding the busbar to the solder strip extensions of the two battery cells includes: Move the busbar to the same side of the solder strip protrusion of the two battery cells; The solder strips of the two battery cells are welded to the same surface of the busbar.

11. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: Battery string, including battery cells; The busbar is welded to the solar cell using the photovoltaic module fabrication equipment as described in any one of claims 1 to 3; or, it is welded to the solar cell using the photovoltaic module fabrication method as described in any one of claims 4 to 10.

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