A curved surface polishing machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a curved surface polishing machine, belonging to the field of polishing machinery technology. It includes a station turntable component, a support component, at least four sets of workpiece trays for fixing workpieces, and at least one upper polishing disc component. The station turntable component includes a support base and a station turntable mounted on the support base. A drive component for rotating the station turntable is installed inside the support base, and the workpiece trays are mounted on the station turntable. The support base is mounted on the support component, and the upper polishing disc component is mounted on the support component, used to polish the workpieces in the workpiece trays. A loading / unloading component is located to the side of one of the workpiece trays. The loading / unloading component includes a robot arm, a material frame assembly, and a positioning platform. One end of the robot arm is mounted on a mounting base, and the other end is equipped with a suction cup. In one working state of the polishing machine, the robot arm removes a workpiece from the workpiece trays located at the loading / unloading station, places the workpiece in the material frame assembly, then removes the workpiece to be polished from the material frame assembly and places it on the positioning platform for positioning. The robot arm then uses the suction cup to place the positioned workpiece back into the workpiece trays located at the loading / unloading station. This invention enables continuous rough polishing, medium polishing, and fine polishing in a single process, improving production efficiency and polishing quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of polishing machinery technology, specifically a curved surface polishing machine. Background Technology

[0002] A curved surface single-sided polishing machine is a device used for fine machining of workpiece surfaces, particularly suitable for polishing and grinding irregularly shaped surfaces such as 2.5D and 3D curved glass, ceramics, sapphire, semiconductors, extremely brittle materials, metals, and other hard and brittle materials. A curved surface single-sided polishing machine typically includes a disc base, a polishing disc, and a polishing cover. During operation, the workpiece is placed on the disc base, and polishing is performed by the downward pressure and rotational motion of the upper polishing disc. Using a curved surface single-sided polishing machine can greatly improve polishing efficiency and quality. However, existing single-sided curved surface polishing machines have the following problems: 1. The station layout is unreasonable, making it difficult to achieve continuous and uninterrupted operation, resulting in low production efficiency; 2. The core components (such as the station turntable, workpiece tray, support base, etc.) lack rigidity, making them prone to deformation during processing, leading to poor positioning accuracy and polishing accuracy; 3. The polishing pressure control is inaccurate, with large pressure errors, affecting the consistency of workpiece polishing quality; 4. There is a lack of efficient automatic loading and unloading systems, relying on manual operation, which not only increases labor costs but also makes it difficult to guarantee loading and unloading accuracy and efficiency; 5. The overall machine protection performance is insufficient, with slurry splashing and loud noise during processing, affecting the working environment and operators. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the above problems, this invention provides a curved surface polishing machine that enables continuous rough polishing, medium polishing, and fine polishing in one operation, thereby improving production efficiency and polishing quality.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A curved surface polishing machine includes a station turntable component, a support component, at least four sets of workpiece discs for fixing workpieces, and at least one upper polishing disc component. The station turntable component includes a support base and a station turntable disposed on the support base; the support base is provided with a driving component for driving the station turntable to rotate, and the workpiece disk assembly is disposed on the station turntable. The support base is disposed on the support component, and the upper polishing disc component is disposed on the support component. The upper polishing disc component is used to polish the workpieces in the workpiece disc assembly. A loading and unloading component is provided on the side of one of the workpiece trays; the loading and unloading component includes a robot arm, a material frame assembly, and a positioning platform. One end of the robot arm is mounted on a mounting base, and the other end is equipped with a suction cup. In one working state of the polishing machine, the robot arm takes a workpiece from the workpiece tray at the loading and unloading station, places the workpiece in the material frame assembly, and then takes the workpiece to be polished from the material frame assembly and places it in the positioning platform for positioning. The robot arm then uses the suction cup to place the positioned workpiece into the workpiece tray at the loading and unloading station.

[0005] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the supporting component includes a lower box and an upper box. A supporting column is provided at the contact point between the lower box and the upper box, and the number of supporting columns is not less than two sets. A reinforcing beam is provided at the location where the support seat is placed in the lower box, and a foot is provided below the reinforcing beam. A protective cover is provided on the outside of the upper box. A safety door is provided on the protective cover.

[0006] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the upper housing is provided with a mounting base for mounting the polishing disc component. The mounting base is provided with a vertically movable sliding seat. The sliding seat is provided with a polishing disc for polishing the workpiece and a variable frequency motor for driving the polishing disc to rotate.

[0007] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a cylinder is provided on the mounting base, the telescopic end of the cylinder is connected to the sliding seat, and the cylinder and the sliding seat are connected through a tension / compression sensor; a liquid-blocking cover is provided on the outside of the polishing disc, and the liquid-blocking cover is connected to the sliding seat through a bushing.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a tray and a turntable bearing are provided between the support base and the station turntable. The station turntable is provided with through holes for installing workpiece trays. The workpiece trays are connected to the station turntable through bearing seats. Each workpiece tray group is provided with at least three workpiece trays, and the workpiece trays are driven by a servo motor and a reducer.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, a workpiece flange is provided below the workpiece disk, the workpiece flange is connected to the workpiece spindle, and an adjusting washer is provided between the workpiece flange and the workpiece spindle.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the cylinder is controlled by an electric proportional valve to control the pressure of the compressed air supplied to the cylinder, and the tension / compression sensor is used to detect the actual output force of the cylinder.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The four-station layout + station turntable rotation switching design, combined with 12 sets of workpiece discs and 3 sets of polishing discs, realizes one-time continuous processing of rough polishing, medium polishing and fine polishing, which greatly improves production efficiency; (2) The core components (box, support base, indexing plate, work station turntable) are optimized by CAE-assisted structure and are supported by a combination of high rigidity turntable bearings and cylindrical roller bearings. The deformation is controlled within a very small range. Combined with a high-precision circular encoder and rack and pinion positioning mechanism, the positioning accuracy and processing stability are significantly improved. (3) A closed-loop control scheme of "PLC + electric proportional valve + pressure sensor" is adopted to achieve precise adjustment of polishing pressure with a pressure error of only ±5Kg, ensuring the consistency of workpiece polishing quality; (4) The integrated automatic loading and unloading system has a repeatability of 0.05mm for the robotic arm, realizing full automation of workpiece picking, placement, positioning and transfer, reducing reliance on manual labor, and improving production efficiency and loading and unloading accuracy; (5) Fully enclosed protection + safety interlock design effectively prevents slurry splashing and personnel misoperation, improves the working environment and ensures the safety of operators; Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the workpiece disk assembly of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the workstation turntable component of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 This is a side view of the workstation turntable component of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the polishing disc component of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower box of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the loading and unloading components of the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Turntable assembly; 11. Support base; 12. Turntable; 13. Drive assembly; 14. Workpiece tray assembly; 141. Workpiece tray; 142. Servo motor; 143. Reducer; 144. Workpiece flange; 145. Workpiece spindle; 146. Adjusting washer; 2. Support assembly; 21. Lower housing; 22. Upper housing; 221. Mounting base; 222. Sliding base; 223. Polishing disc; 224. Variable frequency motor; 225. Cylinder; 226. Tension / compression sensor; 227. Liquid baffle; 23. Support column; 24. Reinforcing beam; 25. Protective cover; 26. Safety door; 3. Upper polishing disc assembly; 4. Loading / unloading assembly; 41. Robot arm; 411. Mounting base; 412. Suction cup; 42. Material frame assembly; 43. Positioning platform; 5. Pallet; 6. Turntable bearing. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments. The description in this part is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any way.

[0022] Example: As shown in the figure, a curved surface polishing machine includes a station turntable component 1, a support component 2, at least four sets of workpiece disc groups 14 for fixing workpieces, and at least one upper polishing disc component 3. The workstation turntable component 1 includes a support base 11 and a workstation turntable 12 disposed on the support base 11; the support base 11 is provided with a drive component 13 for driving the workstation turntable 12 to rotate, and the workpiece disk assembly 14 is disposed on the workstation turntable 12. The support base 11 is disposed on the support component 2, and the upper polishing disc component 3 is disposed on the support component 2. The upper polishing disc component 3 is used to polish the workpiece in the workpiece disc assembly 14. A loading / unloading component 4 is provided on the side of one of the workpiece trays 14. The loading / unloading component 4 includes a robot arm 41, a material frame assembly 42, and a positioning platform 43. One end of the robot arm 41 is mounted on the mounting base 411, and the other end is equipped with a suction cup 412. In one working state of the polishing machine, the robot arm 41 takes out a workpiece from the workpiece tray 14 located at the loading / unloading station, places the workpiece in the material frame assembly 42, and then takes out the workpiece to be polished from the material frame assembly 42 and places it in the positioning platform 43 for positioning. The robot arm 41 uses the suction cup 412 to place the positioned workpiece in the workpiece tray 14 located at the loading / unloading station.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the support component 2 includes a lower housing 21 and an upper housing 22. A support column 23 is provided at the contact point between the lower housing 21 and the upper housing 22, and the number of support columns 23 is not less than two sets. A reinforcing beam 24 is provided at the location where the support base 11 is placed in the lower housing 21, and a foot is provided below the reinforcing beam 24. A protective cover 25 is provided on the outer side of the upper housing 22. A safety door 26 is provided on the protective cover 25.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the upper housing 22 is provided with a mounting base 221 for mounting the upper polishing disc component 3, the mounting base 221 is provided with a vertically movable sliding seat 222, and the sliding seat 222 is provided with a polishing disc 223 for polishing the workpiece and a variable frequency motor 224 for driving the polishing disc 223 to rotate.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the above, a cylinder 225 is provided on the mounting base 221, and the telescopic end of the cylinder 225 is connected to the sliding seat 222. The cylinder 225 and the sliding seat 222 are connected through a tension / compression sensor 226. A liquid-blocking cover 227 is provided on the outside of the polishing disc 223, and the liquid-blocking cover 227 is connected to the sliding seat 222 through a bushing.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the above, a tray 5 and a turntable bearing 6 are provided between the support base 11 and the workstation turntable 12. The workstation turntable 12 is provided with through holes for mounting the workpiece tray group 14. The workpiece tray group 14 and the workstation turntable 12 are connected by a bearing seat. Each workpiece tray group 14 is provided with at least three workpiece trays 141. The workpiece trays 141 are driven by a servo motor 142 and a reducer 143.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the above, a workpiece flange 144 is provided below the workpiece disk 141, the workpiece flange 144 is connected to the workpiece spindle 145, and an adjusting washer 146 is provided between the workpiece flange 144 and the workpiece spindle 145.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the above, the cylinder 225 is controlled by an electro-proportional valve to control the pressure of the compressed air supplied to the cylinder 225, and the tension / compression sensor 226 is used to detect the actual output force of the cylinder 225.

[0029] Overall layout The equipment adopts a four-station layout (rough polishing station, intermediate polishing station, fine polishing station, and material handling station). Three polishing discs 223 are configured above the workstation, and 12 workpiece discs 141 are set below. The workpiece can be continuously processed at different workstations by rotating the workstation turntable 12, thus meeting the requirements of uninterrupted operation.

[0030] Box components As the basic support structure of the whole machine, it is used to install and support other core components, including the upper box 22 and the lower box 21; The lower box 21 is optimized by increasing the number of load-bearing beams at the installation location of the main support base 11 and adding a set of diffused load-bearing beams in the four directions at the bottom to effectively transfer the load of the box to the foundation; the upper box 22 installation location is equipped with 2 sets of support columns 23 and the surrounding uprights are thickened to improve the rigidity of the box frame. The upper box 22 has been optimized in design: four sets of load-bearing crossbeams have been added, the side plates have been strengthened, the main beams have been enlarged and the corner supports have been optimized, the vibration resistance of the upper box 22 has been improved, and the stability of the equipment during processing has been ensured.

[0031] Workstation turntable component 1 Core components include: indexing plate, main support base 11, turntable bearing 6, cylindrical roller bearing, drive shaft, drive gear, driven gear, reducer 143, servo motor 142, circular encoder, positioning mechanism, etc. Drive method: The servo motor 142 and reducer 143 are used for driving. The servo motor 142 is detected and positioned by the time grid circular encoder independently installed on the indexing spindle. The circumferential positioning accuracy can reach 1 arc minute (circumferential linear positioning accuracy 0.1mm). Support structure: It adopts a three-dimensional load-bearing combination of large-diameter turntable bearings 6 + cylindrical roller bearings, which has strong anti-overturning moment capability and significantly improves dynamic stiffness; the main support seat 11 is optimized by CAE-assisted structure (adding ribs and thickening the top plate), and the deformation during operation is ≤5um; the indexing plate is designed as a three-dimensional spatial force-bearing structure through CAE-assisted structural optimization, which enhances the support rigidity and the deformation during operation is ≤30um; Positioning and locking mechanism: It consists of a fixed rack, a movable rack, a cylinder 225, a wedge block, and a mounting base 221. After the turntable is in position, the rodless chamber of the cylinder 225 is vented to push the wedge block to move, which drives the movable rack to extend and mesh with the fixed rack, thereby achieving turntable positioning and locking. When unlocking, the rod chamber of the cylinder 225 is vented to push the wedge block to retract, the rack disengages, and the turntable can rotate to switch positions.

[0032] Workpiece disk 141 component Core components include: workpiece disc 141, workpiece spindle 145, bearing housing, tapered roller bearing, ball bearing, reducer 143, servo motor 142, rotary joint, workpiece flange 144, adjusting washer 146, sealing ring, etc. Drive and positioning: Each workpiece tray 141 is driven by an independent servo motor 142 + precision reducer 143 to achieve rotation (speed 0-60rpm). The circumferential positioning accuracy of the workpiece tray 141 is 2.5 arc minutes (380mm diameter linear error 0.06mm), which facilitates automatic loading and unloading. Force and sealing: The polishing force of the workpiece is borne by the tapered roller bearing, and the ball bearing preloads the tapered roller bearing to improve the stability of the force. The workpiece disc 141 and the workpiece flange 144 achieve end face sealing through O-rings. The height between the workpiece flange 144 and the workpiece spindle 145 is adjusted by adjusting washer 146, and cylindrical surface sealing is achieved through O-rings. Height adjustment: After measuring the height difference of the three workpiece discs 141, grind the adjusting shim 146 below the flange 144 of the higher workpiece thin to the corresponding difference value, and reassemble to complete the height adjustment, ensuring that the height difference of the three workpiece discs 141 is ≤0.1mm; the end face runout of the workpiece disc 141 is ≤0.05mm, and the flatness is ≤0.06mm.

[0033] Polishing disc 223 component Core components include: polishing disc 223, variable frequency motor 224, reducer 143, cylinder 225, linear guide rail, floating joint, pressure sensor, safety pin mechanism, liquid baffle 227, and liquid distribution tank, etc. Drive and motion: The variable frequency motor 224 + reducer 143 drives the polishing disc 223 to rotate (speed 0-100rpm), and the cylinder 225, in conjunction with the linear guide rail, drives the polishing disc 223 to rise and fall. The stroke of the cylinder 225 is 200mm. Pressure control: Maximum polishing pressure 200Kg, pressure error ±5Kg; After the process engineer sets the polishing pressure in the program, the PLC sends a command to the electro-proportional valve, which servo-controls the compressed air pressure of cylinder 225. The sum of the output force of cylinder 225 and the weight of the upper plate is the actual polishing pressure; The pressure sensor (tension / compression sensor 226) detects the actual output force of cylinder 225 and feeds it back to the PLC. The PLC automatically adjusts the output pressure of the electro-proportional valve through PID loop to achieve precise control of the polishing pressure; Grinding slurry supply: Grinding slurry is supplied through a distribution tank to ensure uniform distribution; the grinding slurry supply to each station can be controlled independently, saving consumable costs.

[0034] Automatic loading and unloading components 4 Core components include: loading and unloading base, inverted robot, lifting water tank, 180-degree product flipping structure, positioning platform 43, material frame positioning, material frame fixing bracket, automatic cleaning spray head, suction cup 412, flat pushing four fingers, centering mechanism, etc. Repeatability: The repeatability of the robotic arm 41 is 0.05 mm; Workflow: The robotic arm 41 picks up a workpiece from the workpiece tray 141 → puts the workpiece into the material frame → picks up a new workpiece from the material frame → places it into the positioning platform 43 for secondary positioning → places the positioned workpiece into the workpiece tray 141, realizing a fully automatic loading and unloading cycle.

[0035] Protective components Includes a ring-shaped protective cover, an upper protective cover, a movable safety door 26, protective sheet metal, a light curtain, an interlock for the safety door 26, and a production safety lock, etc. Protective design: The operating surface adopts an open design for easy material handling; the other three sides are equipped with safety doors 26 for easy replacement of consumables and maintenance; the safety doors 26 are interlocked with the equipment, and the light curtain provides safety protection to prevent operator injury due to misoperation; the liquid shield 227 prevents grinding liquid from splashing and reduces the impact on the environment and operators.

[0036] Electrical components This includes PLC controllers, human-machine interface panels, electric proportional valves, sensors (pressure sensors, position sensors, etc.), servo drives, frequency converters, etc. Functionality: The PLC controller enables coordinated control of the entire machine's movements; the human-machine interface screen adopts a recipe management approach, supports multi-segment processing parameter settings, and is easy to operate; the electric proportional valve, in conjunction with the pressure sensor, achieves closed-loop control of polishing pressure; various sensors provide real-time feedback on the equipment's operating status, ensuring a stable and reliable processing process.

[0037] The specific working principle of this invention is as follows: After the equipment is started, the robotic arm 41 of the automatic loading and unloading system grabs the workpiece from the material box and places it into the positioning platform 43 for secondary positioning to ensure the installation accuracy of the workpiece. After being positioned, the workpiece is placed on the workpiece tray 141 at the picking and unloading station by the robot arm 41. The workpiece tray 141 is driven to rotate by an independent servo motor 142. Servo motor 142 + reducer 143 drive station turntable 12 to rotate by a preset angle (90°), switching workpiece tray 141 with workpieces to rough polishing station; The polishing disc 223 in the rough polishing station rotates under the drive of the variable frequency motor 224. At the same time, the cylinder 225 drives the polishing disc 223 to descend to the preset height. The polishing pressure is precisely controlled by the electric proportional valve to perform rough polishing on the workpiece. The abrasive supply system delivers abrasive to the polishing disc 223 to ensure the polishing effect. After rough polishing is completed, the station turntable 12 rotates again, switching the workpiece disk 141 to the intermediate polishing station and the fine polishing station, and completing the intermediate polishing and fine polishing processes in sequence (different consumables can be installed on the polishing disks 223 of different stations to achieve gradient polishing). After the polishing is completed, the workstation turntable 12 rotates to the material handling station. The robot arm 41 removes the finished workpiece and puts it into the finished product frame. At the same time, it places the new workpiece to be processed on the workpiece tray 141 to achieve continuous and uninterrupted operation.

[0038] It should be noted that, in this document, the terms “comprising,” “including,” or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0039] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention.

[0040] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, due to the limitations of written expression, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For those skilled in the art, several improvements, modifications, or variations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the above technical features can be combined in an appropriate manner. These improvements, modifications, variations, or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other situations without modification, should all be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A curved surface polishing machine, characterized in that, It includes a station turntable component (1), a support component (2), at least four sets of workpiece disks (14) for fixing workpieces, and at least one upper polishing disk component (3). The station turntable component (1) includes a support base (11) and a station turntable (12) disposed on the support base (11); the support base (11) is provided with a drive component (13) for driving the station turntable (12) to rotate, and the workpiece disk assembly (14) is disposed on the station turntable (12); The support base (11) is disposed on the support component (2), and the upper polishing disc component (3) is disposed on the support component (2). The upper polishing disc component (3) is used to polish the workpiece in the workpiece disc assembly (14). A loading / unloading component (4) is provided on the side of one of the workpiece trays (14); the loading / unloading component (4) includes a robot (41), a material frame assembly (42) and a positioning platform (43). One end of the robot (41) is provided on the mounting base (411), and the other end is provided with a suction cup (412). In one working state of the polishing machine, the robot (41) takes out the workpiece from the workpiece tray (14) located at the loading / unloading station, places the workpiece in the material frame assembly (42), and then takes out the workpiece to be polished from the material frame assembly (42) and places it on the positioning platform (43) for positioning. The robot (41) places the positioned workpiece in the workpiece tray (14) located at the loading / unloading station through the suction cup (412).

2. The curved surface polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting component (2) includes a lower box (21) and an upper box (22). A supporting column (23) is provided at the contact point between the lower box (21) and the upper box (22). The number of supporting columns (23) is not less than two sets. A reinforcing beam (24) is provided at the location where the supporting seat (11) is placed in the lower box (21). A foot is provided below the reinforcing beam (24). A protective cover (25) is provided on the outside of the upper box (22). A safety door (26) is provided on the protective cover (25).

3. A curved surface polishing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper housing (22) is provided with a mounting base (221) for mounting the upper polishing disc component (3). The mounting base (221) is provided with a vertically movable sliding seat (222). The sliding seat (222) is provided with a polishing disc (223) for polishing the workpiece and a variable frequency motor (224) for driving the polishing disc (223) to rotate.

4. A curved surface polishing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, A cylinder (225) is provided on the mounting base (221). The telescopic end of the cylinder (225) is connected to the sliding seat (222). The cylinder (225) and the sliding seat (222) are connected through a tension sensor (226). A liquid-blocking cover (227) is provided on the outside of the polishing disc (223). The liquid-blocking cover (227) is connected to the sliding seat (222) through a bushing.

5. A curved surface polishing machine according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, A tray (5) and a turntable bearing (6) are provided between the support base (11) and the workstation turntable (12). The workstation turntable (12) is provided with a through hole for installing the workpiece tray group (14). The workpiece tray group (14) and the workstation turntable (12) are connected by a bearing seat. Each workpiece tray group (14) is provided with at least three workpiece trays (141). The workpiece trays (141) are driven by a servo motor (142) and a reducer (143).

6. A curved surface polishing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, A workpiece flange (144) is provided below the workpiece disk (141). The workpiece flange (144) is connected to the workpiece spindle (145). An adjusting washer (146) is provided between the workpiece flange (144) and the workpiece spindle (145).

7. A curved surface polishing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The cylinder (225) is controlled by an electric proportional valve to control the pressure of compressed air supplied to the cylinder (225), and the tension / compression sensor (226) is used to detect the actual output force of the cylinder (225).

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