Adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for finding through channel in oil field energy-saving development

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of oilfield downhole operation, in particular to a kind of adjustable offset multistage drill for finding and beating passage in oilfield energy-saving exploitation, comprising drill cylinder, drill pipe, drill collar, rotary jar and multistage drilling section, drill pipe is rotationally installed in drill cylinder and coaxial with drill cylinder, drill collar is arranged at the lower end of drill cylinder and coaxial with drill cylinder.Rotary jar includes hammer body, bearing jar and shaping jar, hammer body is cylindrical structure, bearing jar is coaxial with hammer body and is sleeved outside hammer body, the lower end of bearing jar is fixedly connected with the upper end of multistage drilling section, shaping jar is rotationally installed in bearing jar and coaxial with bearing jar.A kind of adjustable offset multistage drill for finding and beating passage in oilfield energy-saving exploitation can effectively reduce the wear rate of steel ball by making hammer body and shaping jar synchronous and co-directional rotation;And multistage drilling section uses multistage combination, gradually expands diameter, realizes the flexible adjustment of offset, can adapt to different oil wells, different casing damage fracture passage finding and beating working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oilfield downhole operation technology, specifically to an adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield drilling and channel finding. Background Technology

[0002] As oilfield development continues, well workover operations have become a crucial link in ensuring normal oilfield production. Well workover operations refer to the process of inspecting, maintaining, and optimizing oil wells using specialized technology and equipment when malfunctions or problems occur. Its core purpose is to restore or improve the well's production capacity, reduce extraction energy consumption, ensure stable, efficient, and energy-saving development of the oilfield, and guarantee continuous oil production.

[0003] During well workover site channel finding, φ60 or φ73 drill pipes are commonly used. They are first cut into a pen-tip shape through electric welding heat treatment, then bent at a specific location after heat treatment to create a certain offset. Tungsten carbide is then welded in sections to form hard alloy areas of different outer diameters. When dealing with casing fractures, a suitable lead mold is first selected to clearly determine the casing damage depth, diameter, and type. The bent pen-tip section is then used to find the channel, and the welded tungsten carbide section is used to grind the fracture surface, completing the workover. Due to the complexity of well workover site conditions, the required channel finding offset varies for different oil wells and different casing damage locations. Therefore, for casing damage of different sizes and channel blockages at different locations, drill strings with different offsets need to be used for adaptation.

[0004] In the current technology for filing fracture surfaces, the upsetting and impact method is commonly used. However, this method requires repeated raising and lowering of the drill string, which increases the time required for casing repair. Compared to the upsetting and impact method, the rotary impact shaping tool eliminates the need to raise and lower the drill string for impact. It only requires rotating the drill string to generate a downward impact force, providing better protection for the deformed parts of the casing. Its working principle is as follows: Driven by the drill string, the hammer of the shaping tool and the cam surface (spiral) between the shaping cylinder generate relative motion. The hammer drives the steel ball to rise along the annular groove. After rotating a certain angle, the cam surface drops sharply, and the raised hammer falls and strikes the shaping cylinder, applying a squeezing force to the deformed part of the casing and restoring it to its original diameter. However, in actual use, the rotation of the drill string causes the steel ball to fall onto the cam surface instead of the preset path. This makes the steel ball the main component for transmitting impact force, and it is subjected to high-frequency and high-intensity impact force for a long time, which accelerates the wear and damage of the steel ball. This not only requires frequent shutdowns to replace the steel ball, increasing maintenance costs and operation time, but also affects the efficiency of channel opening and casing repair, failing to meet the actual needs of oilfield energy saving and efficient well workover. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides an adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield drilling and channel finding, to solve the problem of easy wear of steel balls in the rotary impact shaping device of existing drilling tools during use.

[0006] The present invention relates to an adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development, which employs the following technical solution: An adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development includes a drill barrel, drill pipe, drill collar, rotary vibrator, and multi-stage drilling sections. The drill barrel is vertically oriented. The drill pipe is rotatably installed inside the drill barrel and coaxial with it. The drill barrel can rotate with the drill pipe and move up and down relative to it. The drill collar is located at the lower end of the drill barrel and coaxial with it. The rotary vibrator includes a hammer body, a bearing cylinder, and a shaping cylinder. The hammer body has a cylindrical structure and is located at the lower end of the drill collar and coaxial with it. The bearing cylinder is coaxial with the hammer body and sleeved outside the hammer body. A first shoulder is provided on the hammer body, located above the bearing cylinder. Initially, the first shoulder abuts against the bearing cylinder. The lower end of the bearing cylinder is in contact with the upper part of the multi-stage drilling section. The hammer body is fixed at the end. Multiple steel balls are rotatably arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the hammer body. The steel balls are evenly distributed around the vertical central axis of the hammer body. The shaping cylinder is rotatably installed inside the impact cylinder and is coaxial with the impact cylinder. The upper end face of the shaping cylinder includes multiple slopes and multiple vertical surfaces. The multiple slopes and multiple vertical surfaces are arranged sequentially and alternately around the vertical central axis of the shaping cylinder. The steel balls, slopes, and vertical surfaces are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The steel balls are located above the shaping cylinder. In the initial state, the steel balls and the slopes they are arranged in contact. The rotating vibrator has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the steel balls slide upward along the slopes, the hammer body moves upward while rotating, and rotates relative to the shaping cylinder. In the second state, the steel balls slide downward along the vertical surfaces, the hammer body moves downward while rotating, and rotates synchronously with the shaping cylinder, and the two rotate in the same direction.

[0007] Furthermore, the two ends of the slope in the vertical direction are referred to as the top and bottom ends, respectively. The top end is located above the bottom end. In the initial state, the steel ball is located at the bottom end of the slope, and the vertical dimension of the vertical surface in the vertical direction is greater than or equal to the distance from the top end to the bottom end along the vertical direction.

[0008] Furthermore, the rotary vibrator also includes a pressure cylinder, which is coaxial with the hammer body and sleeved on the hammer body. The pressure cylinder is located between the hammer body and the impact cylinder in the radial direction of the hammer body, and the pressure cylinder can move up and down relative to the impact cylinder. A first elastic element is provided between the pressure cylinder and the impact cylinder. The first elastic element is arranged in the vertical direction. In the initial state, the first elastic element is in a compressed state, and the first elastic element enables the pressure cylinder to move up and down synchronously with the hammer body.

[0009] Furthermore, a second shoulder is provided on the hammer body. The second shoulder is located below the first shoulder and inside the impact cylinder. The first elastic element ensures that the upper end face of the pressure cylinder is always in contact with the lower end face of the second shoulder.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple spiral grooves and multiple vertical grooves are sequentially arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the shaping cylinder, and the spiral grooves and vertical grooves are alternately distributed around the vertical central axis of the shaping cylinder; multiple sliding pins are arranged on the pressure cylinder, the sliding pins are arranged along the radial direction of the pressure cylinder and extend into the pressure cylinder, and the sliding pins, spiral grooves and vertical grooves are arranged one-to-one. The sliding pins can slide in the spiral grooves and vertical grooves corresponding to them. When the rotating vibrator is in the first state, the sliding pin is in the vertical groove corresponding to it and moves upward in the vertical groove corresponding to it. When the rotating vibrator is in the second state, the sliding pin is in the spiral groove corresponding to it and moves downward in the spiral groove corresponding to it.

[0011] Furthermore, a washer is provided inside the impact cylinder, and the washer is sleeved outside the shaping cylinder. The two ends of the first elastic element are connected to the pressure cylinder and the washer respectively. At least one adjusting bolt is screwed onto the impact cylinder. The adjusting bolt is set in the vertical direction and extends into the impact cylinder. The adjusting bolt abuts against the lower surface of the washer.

[0012] Furthermore, the multi-stage drilling section includes a joint functional section, a pen tip functional section, and several milling functional sections. The joint functional section is located at the lower end of the impact cylinder and is screwed to the impact cylinder. Several milling functional sections and pen tip functional sections are arranged sequentially at the lower end of the joint functional section in the vertical direction and are screwed to each other. The end of the pen tip functional section away from the joint functional section in the vertical direction is pen tip shaped, and the center offset of the pen tip functional section is adjustable.

[0013] Furthermore, the multi-stage drilling section also includes several offset functional sections. An offset functional section is provided between every two adjacent milling functional sections in the vertical direction, and the offset functional section is screwed to the milling functional section adjacent to it.

[0014] Furthermore, the offset angle of the offset function segment is 2°.

[0015] Furthermore, the milling functional section includes a milling rod and a milling block. The milling block is made of cemented carbide and is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the milling rod. The surface on the milling block for connecting with the milling rod is grooved.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: An adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for oilfield energy-saving development utilizes a drill barrel, drill pipe, drill collar, rotary vibrator, and multi-stage drilling sections. This allows the rotary vibrator to switch between a first and a second state. In the second state, the hammer and the shaping cylinder rotate synchronously and in the same direction. This prevents the steel ball from prematurely landing on the slope before striking the impact cylinder under the rotational force of the drill pipe, thus avoiding excessive impact on the steel ball. This effectively reduces the wear rate of the steel ball, lowers downtime maintenance costs, improves the continuous operation capability of the drilling tool, and ensures well workover efficiency.

[0017] Furthermore, the joint function section, milling function section, offset function section, and pen tip function section can be freely combined according to specific well conditions. This allows for a second offset after passing through the milling function section once, and further milling. Moreover, after the second milling is completed, a third offset can be performed to continue milling. By using a multi-level combination method, the diameter can be expanded step by step, and the offset amount can be flexibly adjusted. This can adapt to different oil wells and different casing damage fracture conditions for channel finding and drilling. There is no need to frequently change the pen tip function section, reducing drill string storage costs, shortening well workover period, and conforming to the oilfield's energy-saving mining concept.

[0018] Furthermore, both the offset functional section and the pen tip functional section are machined to avoid electric welding and heat treatment, thus preventing a decline in their mechanical properties. The offset of the offset functional section can be 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, or 20mm, and different combinations of offsets can be made according to the actual well frame. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-stage drilling tool with adjustable offset for finding and drilling channels, which is inserted into the downhole casing.

[0021] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention, which uses an adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development, extending into the downhole casing;

[0022] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of a rotary vibrator, representing an embodiment of the present invention, of a multi-stage drilling tool with adjustable offset for energy-saving oilfield development using a drilling channel;

[0024] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the joint functional section of an embodiment of an oilfield energy-saving development method using an adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for drilling channels according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the milling functional section of an embodiment of an oilfield energy-saving development method using an adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for drilling channels according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7A cross-sectional view of the offset function section of an embodiment of an oilfield energy-saving development method using an adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for finding and drilling channels, according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the pen tip functional section of an embodiment of an adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for oilfield energy-saving development according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a diagram showing the combined state of the joint functional section, the three-stage milling functional section, and the pen tip functional section of an embodiment of an oilfield energy-saving drilling tool with adjustable offset for drilling channels according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a diagram showing the combined state of the joint functional section, the three-stage milling functional section, the two-end offset functional section, and the pen tip functional section of an embodiment of an oilfield energy-saving drilling tool with adjustable offset for drilling channels according to the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 100, drill barrel; 200, drill rod; 210, drill collar; 300, rotary vibrator; 310, hammer body; 311, first shoulder; 312, steel ball; 313, second shoulder; 320, impact bearing sleeve; 321, slide groove; 322, inner collar; 323, adjusting bolt; 324, limiting post; 330, shaping sleeve; 331, slope; 332, vertical surface; 333, spiral groove. 334. Vertical groove; 340. Pressure cylinder; 341. Sliding key; 342. Sliding pin; 350. First elastic element; 360. Washer; 400. Multi-stage drilling section; 410. Joint functional section; 411. First thread; 420. Pen tip functional section; 430. Milling functional section; 431. Milling rod; 432. Milling block; 440. Offset functional section; 500. Downhole; 600. Casing. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] An embodiment of the present invention, which utilizes an adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development, is provided, for example... Figures 1 to 10 As shown.

[0033] An adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development is used to locate and drill channels at the casing damage point (600mm) extending 500mm into the oilfield well. It includes a drill barrel 100, drill pipe 200, drill collar 210, a rotary vibrator 300, and a multi-stage drilling section 400. The drill barrel 100 is vertically oriented. The drill pipe 200 is rotatably mounted inside the drill barrel 100 and coaxial with it. The drill barrel 100 and drill pipe 200 are keyway-fitted, allowing the drill barrel 100 to rotate with the drill pipe 200 and move vertically relative to it. The drill collar 210 is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the drill barrel 100 and coaxial with it.

[0034] The rotary vibrator 300 includes a hammer body 310, an impact-bearing cylinder 320, and a shaping cylinder 330. The hammer body 310 is a cylindrical structure, fixedly mounted on the lower end of the drill collar 210 and coaxial with the drill collar 210. The impact-bearing cylinder 320 is coaxial with the hammer body 310 and sleeved outside the hammer body 310. A first shoulder 311 is provided on the hammer body 310, located above the impact-bearing cylinder 320. In the initial state, the first shoulder 311 abuts against the upper end face of the impact-bearing cylinder 320. The lower end of the impact-bearing cylinder 320 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the multi-stage drilling section 400. Multiple steel balls 312 are rotatably mounted on the outer peripheral wall of the hammer body 310, and the multiple steel balls 312 are evenly distributed around the vertical central axis of the hammer body 310. The shaping cylinder 330 is rotatably mounted inside the impact-bearing cylinder 320 and coaxial with it. The upper surface of the shaping cylinder 330 includes multiple slopes 331 and multiple vertical surfaces 332. The slopes 331 and vertical surfaces 332 are arranged sequentially and alternately around the vertical central axis of the shaping cylinder 330. The slopes 331 are helical surfaces, and the junction between the slopes 331 and the vertical surfaces 332 is set as a horizontal surface to facilitate the sliding transition of the steel ball 312. The steel ball 312, slopes 331, and vertical surfaces 332 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The steel ball 312 is located above the shaping cylinder 330, and in the initial state, the steel ball 312 abuts against the slope 331 corresponding to it. Specifically, there are three slopes 331 and three vertical surfaces 332.

[0035] The rotating shock absorber 300 has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the steel ball 312 slides upward along the slope 331, the hammer body 310 rotates and moves upward, and rotates relative to the shaping cylinder 330. In the second state, the steel ball 312 slides downward along the vertical surface 332, the hammer body 310 rotates and moves downward, and rotates synchronously with the shaping cylinder 330, and the two rotate in the same direction.

[0036] The impact-bearing cylinder 320 includes an outer cylinder and an inner ring 322. The outer cylinder is coaxial with the hammer 310 and sleeved around the hammer 310. The lower end of the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the multi-stage drilling section 400. The inner ring 322 is nested inside the outer cylinder and fixedly connected to the outer cylinder, and an annular groove is defined between the two. The shaping cylinder 330 is rotatably installed in the annular groove.

[0037] Similar to existing technologies, the drill pipe 200 is mounted at the output end of the drive system of the peripheral device and is driven to rotate by the drive system.

[0038] In this embodiment, a drill barrel 100, drill pipe 200, drill collar 210, rotary shocker 300, and multi-stage drilling section 400 are set up. In use, the drill barrel 100, drill pipe 200, drill collar 210, rotary shocker 300, and multi-stage drilling section 400 are first inserted into the casing 600 of the oilfield well 500 in sequence, and the lower end of the multi-stage drilling section 400 is lowered to the break at the casing damage point. Then, the drill rod 200 is driven to rotate. The rotation of the drill rod 200 will drive the drill collar 210 to rotate through the drill cylinder 100. The rotation of the drill collar 210 will drive the hammer body 310 to rotate. The rotation of the hammer body 310 will drive the steel ball 312 on it to rotate, so that the steel ball 312 slides upward along the slope 331 of the shaping cylinder 330. Then, the hammer body 310 is lifted by the steel ball 312, so that the hammer body 310 moves upward. At this time, the rotating shock absorber 300 is in the first state. The hammer body 310 rotates and moves upward while rotating relative to the shaping cylinder 330, continuously accumulating impact potential energy.

[0039] When the steel ball 312 moves upward along the slope 331 to the junction of the slope 331 and the vertical surface 332, the steel ball 312 causes the hammer body 310 to move upward to the highest point. As the hammer body 310 continues to rotate, the steel ball 312 will leave the slope 331 and come to the vertical surface 332. At this time, the hammer body 310 will fall under its own weight and the force of other structures such as the drill rod 200 and drill barrel 100 connected to its upper end, and strike the impact cylinder 320. The rotating vibrator 300 switches from the first state to the second state. The steel ball 312 slides downward along the vertical surface 332. The hammer body 310 moves downward while rotating and rotates synchronously with the shaping cylinder 330, and the two rotate in the same direction.

[0040] By allowing the steel ball 312 to slide downwards along the vertical plane 332, the shaping cylinder 330 and the hammer body 310 rotate synchronously and in the same direction. This prevents the steel ball 312 from falling onto the slope 331 before the hammer body 310 strikes the impact cylinder 320 under the action of the drill pipe 200 revolutions, thus avoiding excessive impact on the steel ball 312. This effectively reduces the wear of the steel ball 312, reduces downtime maintenance costs, improves the continuous operation capability of the drilling tools, and ensures well workover efficiency.

[0041] After the hammer 310 strikes the impact-bearing cylinder 320, the force is transmitted to the multi-stage drilling section 400 through the impact-bearing cylinder 320. The multi-stage drilling section 400 is used to grind and open up the damaged area of ​​the casing 600, realizing the channel drilling operation. Afterwards, the hammer 310 continues to rotate with the drill rod 200, and the steel ball 312 re-enters the slope surface 331, repeating the above-mentioned cycle of switching between the first and second states, generating stable impact until the channel opening operation at the damaged area of ​​the casing 600 is completed.

[0042] Furthermore, the two ends of the slope 331 in the vertical direction are referred to as the top end and the bottom end, respectively. The top end is located above the bottom end. In the initial state, the steel ball 312 is located at the bottom end of the slope 331, and the vertical dimension of the vertical surface 332 in the vertical direction is slightly larger than the distance from the top end to the bottom end along the vertical direction.

[0043] The distance from the top to the bottom in the vertical direction is the maximum distance the hammer 310 is lifted. The vertical dimension of the vertical surface 332 in the vertical direction is the maximum distance the steel ball 312 drives the hammer 310 to fall. By making the vertical dimension of the vertical surface 332 slightly larger than the distance from the top to the bottom in the vertical direction, the steel ball 312 is not yet in contact with the slope 331 when the first shoulder 311 strikes the impact cylinder 320, thus preventing the steel ball 312 from falling to the bottom before the hammer 310 strikes the impact cylinder 320.

[0044] In a further embodiment, the rotary vibrator 300 further includes a pressure cylinder 340, which is coaxial with and sleeved on the hammer body 310. The pressure cylinder 340 is located between the hammer body 310 and the impact cylinder 320 in the radial direction of the hammer body 310, and engages with the keyway of the impact cylinder 320, allowing the pressure cylinder 340 to move up and down relative to the impact cylinder 320. A first elastic element 350 is provided between the pressure cylinder 340 and the impact cylinder 320. The first elastic element 350 is vertically oriented and is a spring. Initially, the first elastic element 350 is compressed, allowing the pressure cylinder 340 to move up and down synchronously with the hammer body 310.

[0045] The hammer body 310 is also provided with a second shoulder 313. The second shoulder 313 is located below the first shoulder 311 and inside the impact cylinder 320. The first elastic member 350 enables the upper end face of the pressure cylinder 340 to always abut against the lower end face of the second shoulder 313, thereby enabling the pressure cylinder 340 to move up and down synchronously with the hammer body 310.

[0046] Specifically, a limiting post 324 is provided inside the impact cylinder 320. When the hammer body 310 moves upward, the second shoulder 313 abuts against the limiting post 324, thereby limiting the movement of the hammer body 310. At least one sliding key 341 is provided on the outer peripheral wall of the pressure cylinder 340. In this embodiment, two sliding keys 341 are provided. The sliding keys 341 are fixed to the pressure cylinder 340 by bolts. A sliding groove 321 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the impact cylinder 320. The sliding groove 321 is arranged vertically and corresponds one-to-one with the sliding key 341. The sliding key 341 is slidably installed in the corresponding sliding groove 321.

[0047] In this embodiment, a pressure cylinder 340 is set up so that the hammer body 310 drives the steel ball 312 on it to rotate, and the steel ball 312 rises along the slope 331 of the shaping cylinder 330, lifting the hammer body 310. At this time, the hammer body 310 moves upward while rotating, and the pressure cylinder 340 is moved upward by the first elastic element 350. The shaping cylinder 330 remains relatively stationary, and the rotating vibrator 300 is in the first state. When the steel ball 312 moves upward along the slope 331 to the junction of the slope 331 and the vertical surface 332, the steel ball 312 causes the hammer body 310 to move upward to the highest point. As the hammer body 310 continues to rotate, the steel ball 312 will detach from the slope surface 331 and come to the vertical surface 332. At this time, the hammer body 310 will descend under its own weight and the force of other structures such as the drill rod 200 and drill cylinder 100 connected to its upper end, and strike the impact cylinder 320. The rotating vibrator 300 switches from the first state to the second state. The steel ball 312 slides down along the vertical surface 332. The hammer body 310 moves down while rotating, and causes the pressure cylinder 340 to move down and compress the first elastic element 350. The shaping cylinder 330 rotates synchronously with the hammer body 310 and rotates in the same direction.

[0048] In a further embodiment, a plurality of spiral grooves 333 and a plurality of vertical grooves 334 are sequentially provided on the outer peripheral wall of the shaping cylinder 330, and the spiral grooves 333 and vertical grooves 334 are alternately distributed around the vertical central axis of the shaping cylinder 330. Specifically, there are three spiral grooves 333 and three vertical grooves 334. Multiple sliding pins 342 are provided on the pressure cylinder 340. The sliding pins 342 are arranged along the radial direction of the pressure cylinder 340 and extend into the pressure cylinder 340. The sliding pins 342, the spiral grooves 333 and the vertical grooves 334 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence. The sliding pins 342 can slide in the spiral grooves 333 and vertical grooves 334 that are arranged with them. When the rotating vibrator 300 is in the first state, the sliding pins 342 are in the vertical grooves 334 that are arranged with them and move upward in the vertical grooves 334 that are arranged with them. When the rotating vibrator 300 is in the second state, the sliding pins 342 are in the spiral grooves 333 that are arranged with them and move downward in the spiral grooves 333 that are arranged with them.

[0049] In this embodiment, a spiral groove 333 and a vertical groove 334 are provided on the outer peripheral wall of the shaping cylinder 330. When the hammer body 310 drives the steel ball 312 on it to rotate and the steel ball 312 rises along the slope 331 of the shaping cylinder 330, lifting the hammer body 310, the hammer body 310 moves upward while rotating. At this time, the first elastic element 350 causes the pressure cylinder 340 to move upward. During the upward movement of the pressure cylinder 340, the sliding pin 342 is in the vertical groove 334 corresponding to it and moves upward within the vertical groove 334. The rotating vibrator 300 is in the first state. In the initial state, the shaping cylinder 330 remains relatively stationary. When the steel ball 312 moves upward along the slope 331 to the junction of the slope 331 and the vertical surface 332, the sliding pin 342 arrives at the junction of the spiral groove 333 and the vertical groove 334. At this time, the steel ball 312 causes the hammer body 310 to move upward to the highest point. As the hammer body 310 continues to rotate, the steel ball 312 will leave the slope 331 and come to the vertical surface 332. At this time, the hammer body 310 will fall under its own weight and the urging of other structures such as the drill rod 200 and drill cylinder 100 connected to its upper end, and strike the impact cylinder 320. Simultaneously, the steel ball 312 slides downward along the vertical plane 332, the hammer body 310 rotates and moves downward, causing the pressure cylinder 340 to move downward and compress the first elastic element 350. During the downward movement of the pressure cylinder 340, the sliding pin 342 descends along the spiral groove 333, causing the shaping cylinder 330 to rotate, and the rotary vibrator 300 switches from the first state to the second state. That is, when the rotary vibrator 300 is in the second state, the hammer body 310 and the shaping cylinder 330 rotate synchronously and in the same direction, thereby allowing the steel ball 312 on the hammer body 310 to fall along the vertical plane 332 corresponding to it.

[0050] In a further embodiment, a washer 360 is provided inside the impact-bearing cylinder 320, and the washer 360 is sleeved outside the shaping cylinder 330. The two ends of the first elastic member 350 are connected to the pressure cylinder 340 and the washer 360, respectively. At least one adjusting bolt 323 is screwed onto the impact-bearing cylinder 320. The adjusting bolt 323 is arranged vertically and extends into the impact-bearing cylinder 320, and the adjusting bolt 323 abuts against the lower surface of the washer 360.

[0051] In this embodiment, by using a washer 360 and an adjusting bolt 323, the compression of the first elastic element 350 can be changed by rotating the adjusting bolt 323 during use, thereby increasing or decreasing the elastic force of the first elastic element 350. Furthermore, when the hammer 310 strikes the impact cylinder 320, the first elastic element 350 also provides a certain degree of cushioning. By rotating the adjusting bolt 323 to adjust the initial compression of the first elastic element 350, the magnitude of the impact force can be indirectly adjusted.

[0052] In a further embodiment, the multi-stage drilling section 400 includes a connector functional section 410, a pen tip functional section 420, and several milling functional sections 430. The connector functional section 410 is located at the lower end of the impact cylinder 320 and is screwed to the impact cylinder 320. The several milling functional sections 430 and pen tip functional sections 420 are sequentially arranged vertically at the lower end of the connector functional section 410 and screwed to each other. The end of the pen tip functional section 420 that is away from the connector functional section 410 in the vertical direction is pen tip shaped, and the center offset of the pen tip functional section 420 is adjustable.

[0053] The milling section 430 includes a milling rod 431 and a milling block 432. The milling block 432 is made of cemented carbide and is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the milling rod 431, which can be formed by welding. The surface of the milling block 432 for connecting with the milling rod 431 is grooved.

[0054] By setting the connection between the milling block 432 and the milling rod 431 as a grooved structure, the bonding strength of the weld is increased, and the probability of the milling block 432 falling off completely during the milling process is reduced.

[0055] See Figure 9 As shown in the figure, the combination of the connector functional section 410, the three-section milling functional section 430, and the pen tip functional section 420 is illustrated. In use, the end of the pen tip functional section 420 is first cut into a pen tip shape through electric welding heat treatment. Then, after heat treatment at a certain position, it is bent to create a certain offset. The pen tip functional section 420 is used to find the channel, and the three-section milling functional section 430 is used to grind the broken edge, completing the construction. The number of milling functional sections 430 can be set as needed.

[0056] In a further embodiment, the multi-stage drilling section 400 also includes several offset functional sections 440. An offset functional section 440 is provided between every two adjacent milling functional sections 430 in the vertical direction, and the offset functional section 440 and the adjacent milling functional section 430 are screwed together.

[0057] Among them, see Figure 7 As shown in the figure, the offset angle α of the offset functional segment 440 is 2°, the offset segment length is 600mm, and the offset amount is about 20mm for each segment used. The number of offset functional segments 440 used can be determined according to the actual well conditions. Both the offset functional segment 440 and the pen tip functional segment 420 are formed by machining to avoid electric welding and heat treatment, thus preventing a decrease in their mechanical properties.

[0058] Furthermore, the offset function segment 440 can be optimized according to actual needs. The offset amount can be 5mm, 10mm, 15mm, or 20mm. Before entering the well, different offset combinations can be made to adapt to more well conditions. For example, combinations such as 5mm+5mm, 10mm+10mm, 15mm+15mm, 20mm+20mm, 5mm+10mm, 10mm+15mm, and 15mm+20mm can be used.

[0059] Because the microstructure and mechanical properties of the pen tip functional section 420 decrease after heat treatment, the defects generated after heat treatment expand during operation, resulting in breakage mostly occurring at the root of the coupling, the bending point of the pen tip, and the tungsten steel welded area. After breakage, retrieval is required, which seriously affects the single-well construction cycle. Therefore, in this embodiment, the multi-stage drilling section 400 is divided into upper, middle, and lower parts. The upper part is the joint functional section 410, the tail is the pen tip functional section 420, and the middle part is the milling functional section 430 and the offset functional section 440. The combination can be optimized according to the actual situation of a single well.

[0060] like Figure 10 As shown, a combination of a joint functional section 410, a three-stage milling functional section 430, a two-stage offset functional section 440, and a pen tip functional section 420 is adopted. An offset functional section 440 is set between each pair of adjacent milling functional sections 430, and the offset of the central axis of the pen tip functional section 420 can be adjusted to achieve multi-level combination. In use, after passing through the milling functional section 430 once, a second offset can be made to continue milling; and after the second milling is completed, a third offset can be made to continue milling. Utilizing a multi-level combination, the diameter is gradually expanded, achieving flexible adjustment of the offset. This can adapt to different oil wells and different casing damage fracture conditions for channel finding and drilling, especially suitable for oil wells with a fracture diameter of 30mm ≤ misalignment ≤ 101.6mm for channel finding and drilling construction. It eliminates the need for frequent replacement of the pen tip functional section 420, reducing drill string storage costs, shortening well workover time, and aligning with the oilfield's energy-saving extraction concept.

[0061] In addition to this embodiment, in actual use, the number of milling functional sections 430 and offset functional sections 440 can be freely increased or decreased, and the combination method can be changed, to achieve flexible adjustment of the offset amount, depending on the channel finding and drilling conditions of different oil wells and different casing damage fractures. For example, an offset functional section 440 can be added to the lower part of the three-section milling functional section 430, or an offset functional section 440 can be set in the middle of the three-section milling functional section 430. Furthermore, by adjusting and optimizing the outer diameter of each milling functional section 430, a step-by-step diameter expansion and grinding application can be achieved in the field.

[0062] Specifically, the connector functional section 410 is provided with a first thread 411, which is a trapezoidal thread. Furthermore, the threads used for connection on the milling functional section 430, the offset functional section 440, and the pen tip functional section 420 are all provided as trapezoidal threads.

[0063] By designing the connection of each segment as a trapezoidal thread, a wide range of options are available. This solves the practical problem that the fixed dimensions of the joint functional segment 410, pen tip functional segment 420, milling functional segment 430 and offset functional segment 440 in the multi-stage drilling segment 400 cannot meet the design requirements for wall thickness, internal pressure resistance and torsional strength.

[0064] Furthermore, pins are provided at the threaded connections of the joint functional section 410 and the milling functional section 430, the threaded connections of the milling functional section 430 and the offset functional section 440, and the threaded connections of the milling functional section 430 and the pen tip functional section 420. The pins prevent backlash and achieve the anti-reverse buckling function.

[0065] Based on the above embodiments, the specific working process is as follows:

[0066] When using it, you can first select a suitable lead mold, clarify the wear depth, wear diameter and wear type, and then freely increase or decrease the number of milling function segment 430 and offset function segment 440, and match the appropriate combination to perform the drilling channel operation.

[0067] Then, the drill barrel 100, drill pipe 200, drill collar 210, rotary vibrator 300, and multi-stage drilling section 400 are sequentially inserted into the casing 600 of the oilfield well 500. The drill pipe 200 is then driven to rotate, which in turn drives the drill collar 210 to rotate via the drill barrel 100. The rotation of the drill collar 210 drives the hammer 310 to rotate, which in turn drives the steel ball 312 on it to rotate. This causes the steel ball 312 to slide upwards along the slope 331 of the shaping cylinder 330, thereby lifting the hammer 310 and causing it to move upwards. At this time, the hammer body 310 rotates and moves upward, and the pressure cylinder 340 is moved upward by the first elastic element 350. During the upward movement of the pressure cylinder 340, the sliding pin 342 is in the vertical groove 334 corresponding to it and moves upward in the vertical groove 334 corresponding to it. The rotating shocker 300 is in the first state, and the shaping cylinder 330 remains relatively stationary.

[0068] When the steel ball 312 moves upward along the slope 331 to the junction of the slope 331 and the vertical surface 332, the sliding pin 342 reaches the junction of the spiral groove 333 and the vertical groove 334. At this time, the steel ball 312 causes the hammer body 310 to move upward to the highest point. As the hammer body 310 continues to rotate, the steel ball 312 will leave the slope 331 and come to the vertical surface 332. At this time, the hammer body 310 will fall due to its own weight and the force of the drill rod 200, drill barrel 100 and other structures connected to its upper end, and strike the impact cylinder 320. At the same time, the steel ball 312 slides downward along the vertical surface 332, the hammer body 310 rotates and moves downward, and causes the pressure cylinder 340 to move downward to compress the first elastic element 350. During the downward movement of the pressure cylinder 340, the sliding pin 342 will descend along the spiral groove 333 and cause the shaping cylinder 330 to rotate. The rotating vibrator 300 switches from the first state to the second state. That is, when the rotating shock 300 is in the second state, the hammer body 310 and the shaping cylinder 330 rotate synchronously and in the same direction, so that the steel ball 312 on the hammer body 310 can fall along the vertical surface 332 corresponding to it.

[0069] By allowing the steel ball 312 to slide downwards along the vertical plane 332, the shaping cylinder 330 and the hammer body 310 rotate synchronously and in the same direction. This prevents the steel ball 312 from falling onto the slope 331 before the hammer body 310 strikes the impact cylinder 320 under the action of the drill pipe 200 revolutions, thus avoiding excessive impact on the steel ball 312. This effectively reduces the wear of the steel ball 312, reduces downtime maintenance costs, improves the continuous operation capability of the drilling tools, and ensures well workover efficiency.

[0070] When the hammer 310 strikes the impact cylinder 320, the force is transmitted through the impact cylinder 320 to the joint functional section 410, milling functional section 430, offset functional section 440, and pen tip functional section 420, which grind and gradually enlarge the diameter of the broken part of the casing 600. Afterwards, the hammer 310 continues to rotate with the drill rod 200, and the steel ball 312 re-enters the slope 331, repeating the cycle of the first and second states to generate a stable impact until the channel opening operation at the damaged part of the casing 600 is completed.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-stage drilling tool with adjustable offset for energy-saving oilfield drilling and channel finding, characterized in that: The system includes a drill barrel, drill pipe, drill collar, rotary vibrator, and multi-stage drilling sections. The drill barrel is vertically oriented. The drill pipe is rotatably mounted inside the drill barrel and coaxial with it. The drill barrel can rotate with the drill pipe and move up and down relative to it. The drill collar is located at the lower end of the drill barrel and is coaxial with it. The rotary vibrator includes a hammer body, a receiving cylinder, and a shaping cylinder. The hammer body is a cylindrical structure and is located at the lower end of the drill collar and coaxial with it. The receiving cylinder is coaxial with the hammer body and sleeved on the outside of the hammer body. A first shoulder is provided on the hammer body. Above the impact cylinder, in the initial state, the first shoulder abuts against the impact cylinder, and the lower end of the impact cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper end of the multi-stage drilling section. Multiple steel balls are rotatably arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the hammer body, evenly distributed around the vertical central axis of the hammer. The shaping cylinder is rotatably installed inside the impact cylinder and coaxial with it. The upper surface of the shaping cylinder includes multiple slopes and multiple vertical surfaces, arranged sequentially and alternately around the vertical central axis of the shaping cylinder. The steel balls, slopes, and vertical surfaces are arranged one-to-one. Above the shaping cylinder, in the initial state, the steel ball and the corresponding slope surface abut against each other; the rotating vibrator has a first state and a second state. In the first state, the steel ball slides upward along the slope surface, the hammer body rotates and moves upward, and rotates relative to the shaping cylinder; in the second state, the steel ball slides downward along the vertical surface, the hammer body rotates and moves downward, and rotates synchronously with the shaping cylinder, and the two rotate in the same direction; the multi-stage drilling section includes a joint functional section, a pen tip functional section and several milling functional sections. The joint functional section is located at the lower end of the impact cylinder and is screwed to the impact cylinder. Several milling functional sections and pen tip functional sections are arranged sequentially at the lower end of the joint functional section in the vertical direction and are screwed to each other. The end of the pen tip functional section away from the joint functional section in the vertical direction is pen tip shaped, and the center offset of the pen tip functional section is adjustable; the multi-stage drilling section also includes several offset functional sections. An offset functional section is arranged between every two adjacent milling functional sections in the vertical direction, and the offset functional section is screwed to the adjacent milling functional section.

2. The adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the slope in the vertical direction are called the top and the bottom, respectively. The top is located above the bottom. In the initial state, the steel ball is located at the bottom of the slope, and the vertical dimension of the vertical surface is greater than the distance from the top to the bottom in the vertical direction.

3. The adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary vibrator also includes a pressure cylinder, which is coaxial with the hammer body and sleeved on the hammer body. The pressure cylinder is located between the hammer body and the impact cylinder in the radial direction of the hammer body. The pressure cylinder can move up and down relative to the impact cylinder. A first elastic element is provided between the pressure cylinder and the impact cylinder. The first elastic element is arranged in the vertical direction. In the initial state, the first elastic element is in a compressed state. The first elastic element enables the pressure cylinder to move up and down synchronously with the hammer body.

4. The adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development according to claim 3, characterized in that: The hammer body is also provided with a second shoulder, which is located below the first shoulder and inside the impact cylinder. The first elastic element ensures that the upper end face of the pressure cylinder is always in contact with the lower end face of the second shoulder.

5. The adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development according to claim 3, characterized in that: Multiple spiral grooves and multiple vertical grooves are sequentially arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the shaping cylinder, and the spiral grooves and vertical grooves are alternately distributed around the vertical central axis of the shaping cylinder; multiple sliding pins are arranged on the pressure cylinder, and the sliding pins are arranged along the radial direction of the pressure cylinder and extend into the pressure cylinder. The sliding pins, spiral grooves and vertical grooves are arranged one-to-one. The sliding pins can slide in the spiral grooves and vertical grooves corresponding to them. When the rotary vibrator is in the first state, the sliding pin is in the vertical groove corresponding to it and moves upward in the vertical groove corresponding to it. When the rotary vibrator is in the second state, the sliding pin is in the spiral groove corresponding to it and moves downward in the spiral groove corresponding to it.

6. The adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development according to claim 5, characterized in that: A washer is installed inside the impact cylinder and is fitted outside the shaping cylinder. The two ends of the first elastic element are connected to the pressure cylinder and the washer, respectively. At least one adjusting bolt is screwed onto the impact cylinder. The adjusting bolt is set vertically and extends into the impact cylinder. The adjusting bolt abuts against the lower surface of the washer.

7. The adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The offset angle of the offset function segment is 2°.

8. The adjustable offset multi-stage drilling tool for energy-saving oilfield development according to claim 1, characterized in that: The milling section includes a milling rod and a milling block. The milling block is made of cemented carbide and is fixed to the outer peripheral wall of the milling rod. The surface on the milling block that is used to connect with the milling rod is grooved.

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