Medical disposable balloon pressure pump

Abstract

The application discloses a medical disposable balloon pressure pump and relates to the technical field of balloon pressure pumps.The medical disposable balloon pressure pump comprises a syringe and a propelling mechanism arranged at one end of the syringe.The syringe comprises a barrel, a piston, a push rod and a pressure gauge.The piston is arranged in the barrel and is connected with the push rod.The propelling mechanism comprises a first-stage propelling unit and a second-stage propelling unit with different transmission ratios and a self-adaptive switching piece used for power switching between the first-stage propelling unit and the second-stage propelling unit.The first-stage propelling unit is used for driving the push rod to move at a first speed, and the second-stage propelling unit is used for driving the push rod to move at a second speed lower than the first speed.The medical disposable balloon pressure pump is combined with the mechanical two-stage propelling and the torque induction self-adaptive switching mechanism, realizes automatic and smooth transition from rapid pressurization to fine pressure regulation, effectively prevents pressure overshoot and significantly improves the safety and controllability of operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of balloon pressure pump technology, and particularly to a disposable medical balloon pressure pump. Background Technology

[0002] In interventional medicine, a balloon pump is a crucial operating device. Its main function is to provide controllable, stable, and precise inflation pressure to the balloon catheter. During cardiovascular interventional procedures such as percutaneous coronary angioplasty, surgeons use the pump to inject contrast agent into the balloon catheter, causing the balloon to inflate and dilate the narrowed blood vessel segment. The performance of this device directly affects the precision and safety of the procedure. Its core function lies in achieving smooth, linear drive of the plunger, thereby precisely controlling the displacement of the piston within the syringe and the output pressure. Traditional pressure pumps often rely on a single-stage push mechanism with a manually rotated screw, which uses mechanical transmission to convert the operator's rotational motion into the linear motion of the plunger, thus completing the inflation and deflation of the balloon.

[0003] However, existing single-stage screw-driven pressure pumps have gradually revealed their inherent limitations in practical clinical applications. For example, a medical balloon pressure pump combining direct push and rotary fine-tuning, disclosed in application number 201110259070.5, includes a handle, screw, piston, pump body, and output device. Its features include: a push rod, crank, fine-tuning box, and pressure gauge; the top surface of the push rod is connected to the handle, and the bottom surface is connected to the piston; the screw is inserted into the pump body and is hollow, allowing the push rod to be movably inserted into the screw; the bottom of the pump body is equipped with a one-way valve and a pressure relief button; the fine-tuning box is mounted on top of the pump body; after the crank is rotated, it drives the screw up and down through the fine-tuning box, allowing the screw to push the piston downwards for fine-tuning. This design provides measurable pressure, precise pressurization, and precise control of the injection or inflation volume, and features ease of use, reliability, and resistance to stripping.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned scheme still uses a single screw pitch design, which presents an irreconcilable contradiction between operational efficiency and control precision: when a larger pitch is used to quickly inflate the balloon, it will lead to difficulties in fine pressure adjustment in the later stage, easily causing pressure overshoot and endangering vascular safety; on the other hand, when a smaller pitch is used to pursue fine control, it will significantly prolong the initial inflation time and affect surgical efficiency. On the other hand, the entire pressurization process depends entirely on the surgeon's feel and experience. When it is necessary to switch from rapid inflation to fine pressure stabilization, there is a lack of automatic or assisted switching mechanism. If the surgeon fails to switch the operation mode in time or makes a misjudgment and continues to advance rapidly, there is a potential risk of vascular damage due to a sudden increase in pressure.

[0005] Therefore, there are still shortcomings and deficiencies in the existing technology. How to provide a pressure pump that can automatically adapt to the needs of different surgical stages and take into account both rapid advancement and precise pressure control is a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a disposable medical balloon pressure pump that solves the technical problems of existing single-stage screw-driven balloon pressure pumps, which have inherent contradictions in operating efficiency and control precision due to their fixed pitch design, and lack of automatic switching mechanism during the entire pressurization process, relying entirely on the operator's feel, and posing a risk of sudden pressure rise and damage to blood vessels due to improper operation.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a disposable medical balloon pressure pump, including an injection cylinder and a propulsion mechanism disposed at one end of the injection cylinder. The injection cylinder includes a cylinder body, a piston, a push rod and a pressure gauge. The piston is disposed in the cylinder body and connected to the push rod. The propulsion mechanism includes a primary propulsion unit and a secondary propulsion unit with different transmission ratios, and an adaptive switching element for switching power between the primary propulsion unit and the secondary propulsion unit. The first-stage propulsion unit is used to drive the push rod to achieve a first speed of movement, and the second-stage propulsion unit is used to drive the push rod to achieve a second speed of movement lower than the first speed; The adaptive switching element is configured to automatically cut off power transmission to the first-stage propulsion unit and establish power transmission to the second-stage propulsion unit in response to the push rod's propulsion resistance reaching a preset threshold.

[0008] Preferably, the first-stage propulsion unit includes a first-stage screw, and the second-stage propulsion unit includes a second-stage screw, wherein the pitch of the first-stage screw is greater than the pitch of the second-stage screw.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a primary propulsion cylinder and a secondary propulsion cylinder; the primary propulsion cylinder is fixed to the open end of the injection cylinder, and a partition is fixed inside it, with the primary screw threadedly connected to the partition; The secondary propulsion cylinder is located between the primary screw and the push rod. One end of the cylinder is rotatably connected to the end of the primary screw and is axially limited, while the other end abuts against the push rod. The secondary screw is housed inside the secondary propulsion cylinder and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the secondary propulsion cylinder. Its end is rotatably connected to the push rod and is axially limited.

[0010] Preferably, it also includes a rotation control component, which includes an end cap, a rotating shaft, and a handle; The end cap is connected to the end of the first-stage feed tube furthest from the injection cylinder, the shaft is rotatably connected to the end cap, and the handle is fixed to the shaft; the shaft is selectively connected to the first-stage screw or the second-stage screw through an adaptive switching element.

[0011] Preferably, the adaptive switching component includes a torque switching assembly, a connecting shaft, and a support spring; The torque switching assembly includes two meshing torque discs, one torque disc is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the other torque disc is coaxially fixed to the connecting shaft; The connecting shaft slides into the fixed disc inside the first-stage propulsion cylinder, and the support spring applies a preload force to the two torque discs to maintain engagement; the connecting shaft is configured to generate axial displacement when the two torque discs disengage to switch its power output end.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a connecting sleeve, a key shaft, and a drive shaft; multiple drive shafts are slidably inserted inside the primary screw, and one end of the multiple drive shafts is fixed to the connecting sleeve together; The secondary screw is coaxially fixed with an extension shaft, which extends into the primary screw and is rotatably connected to it. The key shaft is slidably connected to the secondary screw via a spline and rotates synchronously. The drive shaft is rotatably connected to the connecting sleeve and fixedly connected to the key shaft. The connecting shaft can selectively drive the connecting sleeve and the drive shaft through its axial displacement.

[0013] Preferably, the connecting sleeve is rotatably installed in the first-stage propulsion cylinder by the mounting bracket and is axially limited. A docking shaft is slidably inserted inside the sleeve. The docking shaft is circumferentially locked to the connecting sleeve by a spline and is concentrically fixed with the connecting shaft. A second docking shaft is coaxially inserted inside the first docking shaft. The second docking shaft is circumferentially locked to the transmission shaft via a spline and can rotate freely relative to the first docking shaft. The other end of the second docking shaft passes through the connecting shaft and the rotating shaft and is selectively connected to the rotating shaft via a delayed docking mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, the delayed docking mechanism includes a telescopic shaft, a transverse block, a return spring, and a stop block; a keyway hole is provided inside the rotating shaft; one end of the telescopic shaft can be inserted into the keyway hole, and a polygonal inner cavity is provided inside it; the transverse block is slidably disposed in the inner cavity and fixed to the end of the docking shaft; the return spring acts on the transverse block and has the tendency to drive the telescopic shaft to insert into the keyway hole. A stop block is provided on the telescopic shaft, which normally prevents its insertion; the stop block is configured to release the obstruction when the second docking shaft moves to a predetermined position, so that the telescopic shaft is coupled with the keyway hole under the action of the return spring.

[0015] Preferably, the stop block includes a stop rod, a pressure plate, a compression spring, and a top rod; the stop rod is radially inserted into the telescopic shaft, one end of which is connected to the pressure plate, and the compression spring provides elastic support to the pressure plate; the top rod is fixed to the pressure plate and elastically presses against the outer wall of the second docking shaft; the outer wall of the second docking shaft is provided with an annular groove, and when the annular groove moves to correspond with the top rod, the top rod falls into the annular groove, causing the stop rod to retract to release the obstruction.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a resiliently telescopic limiting block, which is disposed radially on the primary propulsion cylinder and the fixed plate, and is used to engage with the limiting groove on its surface after the connecting shaft has been axially moved into place, so as to lock the position of the connecting shaft.

[0017] The present invention has the following advantages: (1) Compared with the above-mentioned background technology, the medical disposable balloon pressure pump provided by the present invention achieves precise control of the pressurization process by setting a primary propulsion unit and a secondary propulsion unit with different transmission ratios. Specifically, by using primary and secondary screws with different pitches, the operator can drive the push rod to move rapidly in the early stage of pressurization with the same drive component, so as to quickly approach the target pressure range with a large stroke; in the later stage of pressurization, it automatically switches to drive the push rod to move slowly, so as to make fine adjustment of pressure with a small stroke. Thus, different feed rates are matched for different pressurization stages at the hardware level, reducing the dependence on the stability and experience of the operator's technique, providing a large margin of error for precision operation under high pressure, reducing the risk of pressure overshoot and tissue damage caused by manual adjustment too fast, thereby improving the controllability and safety of the entire pressurization process.

[0018] (2) Compared with the above-mentioned background technology, the medical disposable balloon pressure pump provided by the present invention achieves automatic switching of pressure levels by introducing an adaptive switching component based on torque sensing. This switching component utilizes the cooperation of a meshing torque disc, a preset elastic support spring, and inclined wedge teeth. When the pressure is increased to near the target pressure and the propulsion resistance increases, causing the torque to exceed a preset threshold, the switching component can automatically disengage from the primary propulsion path and simultaneously engage the secondary propulsion path. Without the need for electronic sensors or human judgment, it can automatically and seamlessly switch from a fast propulsion mode to a slow, precise propulsion mode at critical moments, effectively preventing the risk caused by operator negligence in using the fast gear during high-pressure stages. This not only enhances the safety and reliability of operation but also makes the entire pressure boosting process smoother and more intuitive. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the injection cylinder of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A; Figure 4 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the first-stage propulsion tube of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point E; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point D; Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point F; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point G.

[0021] In the diagram: 1. Injector cylinder; 2. Propulsion mechanism; 3. Partition plate; 4. Rotation control component; 5. Adaptive switching component; 6. Extension shaft; 7. Connecting shaft; 8. Support spring; 9. Limiting plate; 10. Fixing plate; 11. Connecting sleeve; 12. Drive shaft; 13. Mounting bracket; 14. Limiting block; 15. Limiting groove; 16. Docking shaft one; 17. Docking shaft two; 18. Delayed docking mechanism; 19. Keyway hole; 20. Annular groove; 101. Cylinder body; 102. Piston; 103. Push rod; 04. Pressure gauge; 201. First-stage propulsion cylinder; 202. First-stage screw; 203. Second-stage propulsion cylinder; 204. Second-stage screw; 401. End cap; 402. Rotating shaft; 403. Handle; 501. Torque switching assembly; 502. Key shaft; 503. Drive shaft; 511. Torque disc; 181. Telescopic shaft; 182. Inner cavity; 183. Lateral block; 184. Return spring; 185. Stop block; 1851. Stop lever; 1852. Pressure plate; 1853. Compression spring; 1854. Push rod. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] This invention provides a disposable medical balloon pressure pump that combines a mechanical two-stage propulsion system with a torque-sensing adaptive switching mechanism. This achieves an automatic and smooth transition from rapid pressurization to fine-tuning, effectively preventing pressure overshoot and significantly improving operational safety and controllability. It also solves the inherent contradiction between operational efficiency and control precision in traditional single-stage screw-driven balloon pressure pumps due to their fixed pitch design. Furthermore, these pumps lack an automatic switching mechanism throughout the pressurization process, relying entirely on the operator's feel and posing a risk of sudden pressure spikes and vascular damage due to improper operation.

[0025] Please refer to this as well. Figures 1 to 10 The present invention provides a disposable medical balloon pressure pump, which mainly consists of an injection cylinder 1 and a propulsion mechanism 2 disposed at one end of the injection cylinder 1. The injection cylinder 1 includes a cylinder body 101, a piston 102, a push rod 103, and a pressure gauge 104 installed at the injection end of the cylinder body 101. The piston 102 is disposed inside the cylinder body 101, and its movement is used to inject internal liquid. The piston 102 is fixedly connected to the open end of the cylinder body 101. The piston 102 is driven by the push rod 103 to move to realize the pressurization operation of the balloon. At the same time, the pressure gauge 104 monitors the pressure in real time. The propulsion mechanism 2 is located at the open end of the cylinder body 101 and is used to control the propulsion of the push rod 103.

[0026] In existing technologies, medical balloon pressure pumps typically use a threaded drive to propel the piston 102. Since the geometric parameters, such as the thread pitch, are fixed, the piston 102's propulsion speed is directly proportional to its rotational speed. Therefore, throughout the pressurization process, the rate of increase depends entirely on the operator's manual rotation speed control. In clinical practice, the piston 102 is usually rapidly advanced in the early stages to inflate the balloon and approach the target pressure range. Later, as the target pressure approaches, the propulsion speed must be switched to an extremely slow rate to achieve precise and stable pressure adjustment and avoid overshoot. However, with a fixed transmission ratio using pure threaded propulsion, the operator still needs to rotate the handle very slowly during the later fine-tuning stage. This not only highly depends on the operator's personal experience and skill, but also, under the stress of a surgical procedure, is highly susceptible to damage from slight hand tremors or misjudgments of adjustment range, leading to excessive piston 102 propulsion and causing the pressure to momentarily exceed the safe target threshold. This poses a risk of balloon over-inflation and tissue damage, a significant shortcoming of existing technologies.

[0027] Please refer to this as well. Figures 1 to 3To address the aforementioned shortcomings, this embodiment designs the propulsion mechanism 2 as a primary propulsion unit and a secondary propulsion unit with different transmission ratios. The core configuration of this mechanism is that when the operator rotates the drive component at the same or similar speed, the mechanism automatically achieves rapid, large-stroke propulsion of the piston 102 in the early stage, and automatically switches to fine, micro-stroke propulsion of the piston 102 in the later stage. This means that, with the same number of input revolutions, the displacement span of the piston 102 is large in the early stage and small in the later stage, thus achieving automatic differentiation between the two different pressurization rates of "rapid advance" in the early stage and "micro advance" in the later stage at the mechanical level. Its effect is that it not only reduces the absolute dependence on the operator's manual stability and experience, but also provides a physical, wider operational tolerance window for fine adjustment in the later high-pressure stage through the inherent characteristics of the mechanical structure itself. This allows the pressure to approach the target value more stably and controllably, fundamentally reducing the risk of pressure overshoot due to excessively rapid manual adjustment, and improving the safety and controllability of the operation.

[0028] This embodiment uses two screws with different pitch sizes to achieve two-stage propulsion, thereby realizing graded control over the moving speed and accuracy of the push rod 103. Please refer to [the documentation / reference]. Figures 1 to 5 Specifically, the two-stage propulsion unit of the propulsion mechanism 2 includes a primary propulsion cylinder 201, a primary screw 202, a secondary propulsion cylinder 203, and a secondary screw 204. The primary propulsion cylinder 201 and the primary screw 202 form the primary propulsion unit, while the secondary propulsion cylinder 203 and the secondary screw 204 form the secondary propulsion unit. Specifically, the primary propulsion cylinder 201 is fixed to the open end of the injection cylinder 1 and communicates with the interior of the injection cylinder 1. A partition 3 is fixed inside the primary propulsion cylinder 201, and the primary screw 202 is threadedly connected to the partition 3, with one end extending into the injection cylinder 1 and approaching the push rod 103. A secondary propulsion cylinder 203 is also provided between the primary screw 202 and the push rod 103. The end of the primary screw 202 approaching the push rod 103 is rotatably connected to and axially locked to one end of the secondary propulsion cylinder 203, allowing only relative rotation and preventing separation. The other end of the secondary propulsion cylinder 203 is attached to one end of the push rod 103. The secondary propulsion cylinder 203 is equipped with a secondary screw 204. The secondary screw 204 is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the secondary propulsion cylinder 203 at the end facing the push rod 103. Its end passes through the end wall of the secondary propulsion cylinder 203 and is rotatably connected to the push rod 103 and axially limited, so that the push rod 103 can also be driven to move when the secondary screw 204 is rotated.

[0029] It should be noted that the pitch and other related dimensions of the primary screw 202 are larger than those of the secondary screw 204. This allows the primary screw 202 to drive the push rod 103 to achieve a larger span of rapid movement under the same rotational operation, while the secondary screw 204 drives the push rod 103 to achieve a smaller span of slow and precise movement. Based on the above structure, during the pressurization operation, the primary screw 202 is rotated first, which drives the secondary propulsion cylinder 203 to move. The secondary propulsion cylinder 203 then pushes the push rod 103 and piston 102 to achieve rapid pressurization in the early stage. When approaching the target pressure, the secondary screw 204 is rotated, which directly drives the push rod 103 to achieve slow and precise pressurization in the later stage, thus realizing the pressurization process from rapid approach to fine adjustment. The rotation of both the primary screw 202 and the secondary screw 204 is controlled by a rotation control component 4 located at the end of the primary propulsion cylinder 201. In actual operation, to improve ease of operation, the rotation control of both is integrated into the same rotation control component 4.

[0030] Furthermore, to ensure safety and automation during the pressurization process, this embodiment also includes an adaptive switching component 5. This switching component automatically switches from driving the primary screw 202 to driving the secondary screw 204 when the system detects that the pressure is approaching a preset target value. This prevents operators from continuously using the primary screw 202 for rapid pressurization due to negligence, ensuring automatic transition to slow, precise control at critical pressure stages. This not only improves the continuity and convenience of operation but also significantly enhances the safety and reliability of the entire pressurization process.

[0031] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the rotation control component 4 in this embodiment mainly consists of an end cap 401, a rotating shaft 402, and a handle 403. The end cap 401 is detachably connected to the end of the primary feed cylinder 201 furthest from the injection cylinder 1. A rotating shaft 402 is rotatably connected to the end wall of the end cap 401. One end of the rotating shaft 402 extends into the primary feed cylinder 201, and the other end extends outward. A handle 403 is fixedly mounted on the outer end for the operator to hold. The end of the rotating shaft 402 located inside the primary feed cylinder 201 achieves selective power connection and switching between the primary screw 202 and the secondary screw 204 through an adaptive switching component 5.

[0032] Please refer to this as well. Figures 2 to 6 The core of the adaptive switching component 5 is the torque switching assembly 501, the key shaft 502, and the drive shaft 503. The torque switching assembly 501 includes a set of mutually cooperating torque discs 511. The opposing end faces of the two torque discs 511 are respectively provided with wedge-shaped teeth that mesh with each other under normal conditions, and they are kept in close contact by the preload of the spring.

[0033] Specifically, one torque disc 511 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 402 and rotates synchronously with it; the other torque disc 511 is coaxially fixedly connected to a connecting shaft 7. A fixed disc 10 is fixed at the end inside the first-stage propulsion cylinder 201, and the connecting shaft 7 is axially sliding and relatively rotatable in a plug-in fit with the fixed disc 10. A limiting disc 9 is provided on the other side of the connecting shaft 7 that passes through the fixed disc 10, and a support spring 8 is also fitted outside the connecting shaft 7. The spring force forces the wedge-shaped tooth surfaces of the two torque discs 511 to continuously press and adhere. The end of the connecting shaft 7 with the limiting disc 9 is used for switching power between the first-stage screw 202 and the second-stage screw 204.

[0034] During the normal pressurization phase, the connecting shaft 7 maintains a transmission connection with the first-stage screw 202. At this time, rotating the handle 403 drives the shaft 402, transmitting torque through the two meshing torque discs 511. This drives the connecting shaft 7 and the first-stage screw 202 to rotate, achieving rapid, large-stroke propulsion of the piston 102, thus achieving rapid pressurization. As the pressure gradually increases and approaches the target pressure value, the rotational resistance torque acting on the first-stage screw 202 increases significantly. At this point, due to the inclined surface design of the wedge-shaped teeth of the torque discs 511 and the combined setting of the support spring 8, when the resistance torque exceeds the preset torque threshold, it overcomes the spring force, forcing the teeth of the two torque discs 511 to disengage. Simultaneously, the torque discs 511 connected to the connecting shaft 7 drive the connecting shaft 7 to move axially, compressing the support spring 8. This axial displacement of the connecting shaft 7 is used to automatically switch the power transmission path from the first-stage screw 202 to the second-stage screw 204, thus entering the slow, precise pressurization phase.

[0035] like Figures 2-6 As shown, regarding the connection structure between the primary screw 202 and the secondary screw 204: The primary screw 202 has multiple axial insertion holes evenly distributed along its circumference, and a drive shaft 503 is slidably inserted into each hole. The other ends of these drive shafts 503 pass through the end of the primary screw 202 and are fixedly connected to the same annular connecting sleeve 11. An extension shaft 6 is coaxially fixed to one end of the secondary screw 204 facing the primary screw 202. This extension shaft 6 extends into the internal cavity of the primary screw 202 and forms a rotatable connection with it. Inside the extension shaft 6, a splined key shaft 502 is slidably inserted along its axial direction. Through the spline engagement, the key shaft 502 can rotate synchronously with the secondary screw 204; that is, rotating the key shaft 502 drives the secondary screw 204. The design of the extension shaft 6 ensures that when the secondary screw 204 is driven to rotate, it will not drive the primary screw 202 to rotate as well. This allows the primary screw 202 and the secondary screw 204 to achieve independent rotational motion, providing a structural basis for switching between two-stage propulsion modes.

[0036] Please refer to this as well. Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 Furthermore, a drive shaft 12 is rotatably connected to the center of the connecting sleeve 11, and the key shaft 502 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 12, so that the rotation of the drive shaft 12 can drive the key shaft 502 to rotate synchronously. Through the lateral movement of the connecting shaft 7 in the axial direction, its end can selectively engage with the connecting sleeve 11 or the drive shaft 12: when the connecting shaft 7 moves laterally to engage or connect with the connecting sleeve 11, power is transmitted to the connecting sleeve 11, thereby driving the primary screw 202 to achieve rapid advancement; when the connecting shaft 7 moves laterally to engage or connect with the drive shaft 12, power is transmitted through the drive shaft 12 to the key shaft 502, thereby driving the secondary screw 204 to achieve slow and precise advancement. Thus, the lateral displacement of the connecting shaft 7 achieves mechanical switching between the transmission paths of the primary screw 202 and the secondary screw 204.

[0037] To reliably limit the position of the connecting shaft 7 after the torque disc 511 separates, this embodiment provides a resiliently extendable limiting block 14 radially inside the first-stage propulsion cylinder 201 and the fixed disk 10. Correspondingly, a matching limiting groove 15 is formed on the outer surface of the connecting shaft 7. When the torque disc 511 separates due to excessive torque and the connecting shaft 7 moves axially, the limiting block 14 can pop out under the action of a spring and engage in the groove of the connecting shaft 7, thereby locking the connecting shaft 7 in a new axial position, preventing accidental reset or axial movement, and ensuring the stability of the switching state.

[0038] Please refer to this as well. Figure 2 , Figures 6-9 To facilitate power switching and transmission, the connecting sleeve 11 is rotatably mounted at the end of the first-stage propulsion cylinder 201 via a mounting bracket 13 and is axially limited, allowing it to rotate only in a fixed position and preventing axial movement. A first docking shaft 16 is axially slidably inserted into the interior of the connecting sleeve 11. The two shafts are circumferentially locked via a spline structure and can rotate synchronously. The other end of the first docking shaft 16 is concentrically fixed to the connecting shaft 7. Therefore, when the connecting shaft 7 rotates, the connecting sleeve 11 can be driven to rotate via the first docking shaft 16. Another second docking shaft 17 is coaxially inserted into the interior of the first docking shaft 16. The second docking shaft 17 is circumferentially locked to the transmission shaft 12 via a spline. The second docking shaft 17 can rotate freely within the first docking shaft 16 but is axially limited; that is, the two shafts can rotate independently, but when the first docking shaft 16 moves axially, it will cause the second docking shaft 17 to move along with it. The other end of the docking shaft 17 passes through the interior of the connecting shaft 7 and the rotating shaft 402 and extends to the exterior of the rotating shaft 402. Its end is connected and disconnected from the rotating shaft 402 through a time-delay docking mechanism 18.

[0039] Please refer to this as well. Figure 2 , Figures 6-9 The core of the delayed docking mechanism 18 includes a telescopic shaft 181, an inner cavity 182, a transverse block 183, a return spring 184, and a stop block 185. A keyway-equipped hole is provided inside the rotating shaft 402, into which one end of the telescopic shaft 181 can be inserted. Its outer wall has splines that match the keyway. Under normal conditions, when the two torque discs 511 are properly engaged, the telescopic shaft 181 is decoupled from the rotating shaft 402, with only its smooth cylindrical end located at the entrance of the keyway hole 19. The telescopic shaft 181 has a polygonal inner cavity 182, in which a transverse block 183 is slidably disposed axially. The end of the docking shaft 17 extends into the inner cavity 182 and is fixed to this transverse block 183. Therefore, when the telescopic shaft 181 rotates, it can push the transverse block 183 through the wall of the inner cavity 182, thereby causing the docking shaft 17 to rotate. A return spring 184 is provided between the transverse block 183 and the inner wall of one side of the inner cavity 182. Its elastic force always tends to push the telescopic shaft 181 into the keyway hole 19. However, on the outer wall of the cylindrical section of the telescopic shaft 181, there is a radially elastic stop block 185. Under normal conditions, the stop block 185 abuts against the end face of the rotating shaft 402, preventing the telescopic shaft 181 from being inserted into the keyway hole 19 under the action of the spring.

[0040] Please refer to this as well. Figures 9-10The stop block 185 is specifically composed of a stop rod 1851, a pressure plate 1852, a compression spring 1853, and a push rod 1854. The stop rod 1851 is inserted radially into the cylindrical section of the telescopic shaft 181, and one end of it inside the telescopic shaft 181 is fixedly connected to a movable pressure plate 1852. The pressure plate 1852 is provided with a compression spring 1853 for elastic support. A push rod 1854 is fixed to the other side of the pressure plate 1852. Under the action of the compression spring 1853, the end of the push rod 1854 is always elastically pressed against the outer circumferential surface of the docking shaft 17. A ring groove 20 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of this section of the docking shaft 17. When the system pressure increases and causes the torque disc 511 to separate, the axial movement of the connecting shaft 7 will drive the docking shaft 17 to move synchronously. The docking shaft 17 then pushes the transverse block 183 at its end to compress the return spring 184. Although the return spring 184 tends to push the telescopic shaft 181 into place, the push rod 1854 abuts against the smooth outer wall of the docking shaft 17, and the stop rod 1851 extends, blocking the movement of the telescopic shaft 181. Until the connecting shaft 7 moves into place and is limited by the aforementioned elastic block, the annular groove 20 on the docking shaft 17 also moves to the corresponding position of the push rod 1854. At this time, the push rod 1854 falls into the annular groove 20 under the action of the compression spring 1853, and the pressure plate 1852 drives the stop rod 1851 to retract radially, removing the obstruction to the telescopic shaft 181. The telescopic shaft 181 then quickly inserts into the keyway hole 19 of the rotating shaft 402 under the drive of the return spring 184, achieving spline coupling with the rotating shaft 402. At this point, the power of the rotating shaft 402 is transmitted to the transmission shaft 12 through the telescopic shaft 181, the transverse block 183, and the docking shaft 17, thereby driving the secondary screw 204 to apply fine pressure, while the torque disc 511 has been completely separated, and the transmission path of the primary screw 202 has been completely cut off.

[0041] With the above settings, in the initial pressurization stage of this embodiment, the operator rotates the handle 403, and the power is transmitted to the connecting shaft 7 through the rotating shaft 402 and the meshing wedge teeth of a pair of torque discs 511. Then, the connecting sleeve 11 and the first-stage screw 202 are driven to rotate through the docking shaft 16, realizing the large stroke and rapid advancement of the piston 102, thereby efficiently increasing the pressure of the balloon to a range close to the target value. As the pressure increases, the rotational resistance torque acting on the first-stage screw 202 increases accordingly. When this torque exceeds the threshold preset by the inclined surface of the wedge teeth of the torque discs 511 and the support spring 8, it will overcome the spring force and force the wedge teeth of the two torque discs 511 to disengage. This process drives the connecting shaft 7, the docking shaft 16 and the docking shaft 27 to move axially. The connecting shaft 7 moves until it is limited and locked by the elastic block. At this time, the torque discs 511 are completely separated, and the transmission path of the first-stage screw 202 is completely cut off. At the end of the axial movement of the connecting shaft 7, the docking shaft 27 fixed on it synchronously... When the annular groove 20 on the outer wall of the docking shaft 17 moves to align with the push rod 1854 in the delayed docking mechanism 18, the push rod 1854 falls into the groove under the action of the compression spring 1853, causing the stop rod 1851 linked with it to retract radially, releasing the obstruction to the telescopic shaft 181; the telescopic shaft 181 then quickly inserts into the keyway hole 19 at the end of the rotating shaft 402 under the drive of the return spring 184, realizing spline coupling with the rotating shaft 402, thereby transmitting the rotational power of the rotating shaft 402 to the docking shaft 17 through the telescopic shaft 181, the inner cavity 182, and the transverse block 183, thereby driving the transmission shaft 12, the key shaft 502, and the secondary screw 204 to rotate; from this point on, the system automatically switches to the fine pressurization mode driven by the secondary screw 204. The operator continues to rotate the handle 403, and the power will be transmitted through the established secondary path, driving the piston 102 to advance slowly with a small stroke, realizing precise and stable adjustment of the balloon pressure until the final target pressure is reached. The entire process achieves automatic and interference-free switching from rapid pressurization to fine voltage regulation.

[0042] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are used only to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0043] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A disposable medical balloon pressure pump, comprising an injection cylinder (1), a propulsion mechanism (2) disposed at one end of the injection cylinder (1), a rotation control component (4), and an elastically telescopic limiting block (14), wherein the injection cylinder (1) comprises a cylinder body (101), a piston (102), a push rod (103), and a pressure gauge (104), wherein the piston (102) is disposed within the cylinder body (101) and connected to the push rod (103), characterized in that, The propulsion mechanism (2) includes a primary propulsion unit and a secondary propulsion unit with different transmission ratios, and an adaptive switching element (5) for switching power between the primary propulsion unit and the secondary propulsion unit. The first-stage propulsion unit is used to drive the push rod (103) to move at a first speed, and the second-stage propulsion unit is used to drive the push rod (103) to move at a second speed lower than the first speed. The first-stage propulsion unit includes a first-stage propulsion cylinder (201) and a first-stage screw (202), and the second-stage propulsion unit includes a second-stage propulsion cylinder (203) and a second-stage screw (204). The adaptive switching element (5) is configured to: automatically cut off the power transmission to the first-level propulsion unit and establish the power transmission to the second-level propulsion unit in response to the propulsion resistance of the push rod (103) reaching a preset threshold. The rotation control component (4) includes an end cap (401), a rotating shaft (402), and a handle (403). The rotating shaft (402) is selectively connected to the primary screw (202) or the secondary screw (204) via the adaptive switching component (5). The adaptive switching component (5) includes a torque switching assembly (501), a connecting shaft (7), and a support spring (8). The torque switching assembly (501) includes two meshing torque discs (511). One torque disc (511) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (402), and the other torque disc (511) is coaxially fixed to the connecting shaft (7). The connecting shaft (7) is slidably inserted into a fixed disc (10) inside the first-stage propulsion cylinder (201). The support spring (8) applies a preload force to the two torque discs (511) to maintain engagement. The connecting shaft (7) is configured to generate axial displacement when the two torque discs (511) disengage to switch their power output ends. The limiting block (14) is located radially on the first-stage propulsion cylinder (201) and the fixed disk (10) and is used to engage with the limiting groove (15) on the surface of the connecting shaft (7) after the connecting shaft (7) is axially moved into place, so as to lock the position of the connecting shaft (7).

2. The medical disposable balloon pressure pump according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch of the primary screw (202) is greater than the pitch of the secondary screw (204).

3. A disposable medical balloon pressure pump according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first-stage propulsion cylinder (201) is fixed to the open end of the injection cylinder (1), and a partition plate (3) is fixed inside it. The first-stage screw (202) is threadedly connected to the partition plate (3). The secondary propulsion cylinder (203) is disposed between the primary screw (202) and the push rod (103), with one end rotatably connected to the end of the primary screw (202) and axially limited, and the other end abutting against the push rod (103); The secondary screw (204) is housed inside the secondary propulsion cylinder (203) and is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the secondary propulsion cylinder (203). Its end is rotatably connected to the push rod (103) and axially limited.

4. A disposable medical balloon pressure pump according to claim 3, characterized in that, The end cap (401) is connected to the end of the first-stage propulsion cylinder (201) away from the injection cylinder (1), the rotating shaft (402) is rotatably connected to the end cap (401), and the handle (403) is fixed to the rotating shaft (402).

5. A disposable medical balloon pressure pump according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes a connecting sleeve (11), a key shaft (502), and a drive shaft (12); multiple drive shafts (503) are slidably inserted inside the primary screw (202), and one end of the multiple drive shafts (503) is fixed to the connecting sleeve (11). The secondary screw (204) is coaxially fixed with an extension shaft (6), which extends into the primary screw (202) and is rotatably connected to it. The key shaft (502) is slidably connected to the secondary screw (204) via a spline and rotates synchronously. The transmission shaft (12) is rotatably connected to the connecting sleeve (11) and fixedly connected to the key shaft (502). The connecting shaft (7) can selectively drive the connecting sleeve (11) and the transmission shaft (12) through its axial displacement.

6. A disposable medical balloon pressure pump according to claim 5, characterized in that, The connecting sleeve (11) is rotatably installed in the first-stage propulsion cylinder (201) by the mounting bracket (13) and is axially limited. A docking shaft (16) is slidably inserted inside it. The docking shaft (16) is circumferentially locked to the connecting sleeve (11) by a spline and is concentrically fixed with the connecting shaft (7). The docking shaft one (16) is coaxially connected to the docking shaft two (17). The docking shaft two (17) is circumferentially locked to the transmission shaft (12) by a spline and can rotate freely relative to the docking shaft one (16). The other end of the docking shaft two (17) passes through the connecting shaft (7) and the rotating shaft (402) and is selectively connected to the rotating shaft (402) by a delayed docking mechanism (18).

7. A disposable medical balloon pressure pump according to claim 6, characterized in that, The delayed docking mechanism (18) includes a telescopic shaft (181), a transverse block (183), a return spring (184), and a stop block (185); the rotating shaft (402) has a keyway hole (19) inside; one end of the telescopic shaft (181) can be inserted into the keyway hole (19), and its interior has a polygonal inner cavity (182). The transverse block (183) is slidably disposed in the inner cavity (182) and fixed to the end of the docking shaft (17). The return spring (184) acts on the transverse block (183) and has the tendency to drive the telescopic shaft (181) to insert into the keyway hole (19). The stop block (185) is located on the telescopic shaft (181) and normally blocks its insertion; the stop block (185) is configured to release the obstruction when the docking shaft (17) moves to a predetermined position, so that the telescopic shaft (181) is coupled to the keyway hole (19) under the action of the return spring (184).

8. A disposable medical balloon pressure pump according to claim 7, characterized in that, The stop block (185) includes a stop rod (1851), a pressure plate (1852), a compression spring (1853), and a top rod (1854). The stop rod (1851) is radially inserted into the telescopic shaft (181), and one end of it is connected to the pressure plate (1852). The compression spring (1853) provides elastic support to the pressure plate (1852). The top rod (1854) is fixed to the pressure plate (1852) and elastically presses against the outer wall of the second docking shaft (17). The outer wall of the second docking shaft (17) is provided with an annular groove (20). When the annular groove (20) moves to correspond with the top rod (1854), the top rod (1854) falls into the annular groove (20), causing the stop rod (1851) to retract to release the obstruction.

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