A lateral filling system and method for breaking down the cementation of a mineral body

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of broken ore body cementation filling lateral filling system and filling method, belong to the filling technical field in underground metal mine in mining, the filling lane of the filling system of the present application is set in the upper of ore body, and the filling lane is transversely provided with unperforated filling pipe, and the unperforated filling pipe extends to filling station in the horizontal direction of surface;Perpendicular to the filling lane to the rock mass in the direction of ore body is provided with perforated filling pipe, and the unperforated filling pipe is communicated with the perforated filling pipe;Perforated filling pipe includes the lateral perforated section and lateral unperforated section communicated, and multiple lateral round holes are spirally arranged in the lateral perforated section from top to bottom, and according to the tensile strength model of perforated filling pipe, the maximum tensile stress of the uppermost lateral round hole of lateral perforated section needs to be less than the tensile strength of perforated filling pipe.The present application solves the technical problems that the filling pipe bottom opening of existing caving area is easy to block, and the internal filling condition of rock mass cannot be predicted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of underground metal mine backfilling technology, specifically relating to a lateral backfilling system and method for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, underground metal mine backfilling mainly employs methods such as stope backfilling, access backfilling, and layered backfilling. During application, these methods typically require continuous adjustment and relocation of backfill pipelines as the stope, access, or layered mining progresses, resulting in a lack of stability in pipeline layout, complex system structure, and significant construction and management difficulties. Furthermore, when using existing backfilling methods for ore deposit mining, backfilling operations have a substantial impact on ore production, hindering continuous and efficient mining and making them unsuitable for mining low-value ore bodies.

[0003] Based on this, the filling method that does not require a large number of filling pipelines is more suitable for continuous and efficient mining of deposits. Consideration is given to cementing and filling the loose material formed by the collapse of the overlying rock mass in the mining area. This requires creating a flow channel for the filling slurry above the collapsed loose material through geological boreholes. For intact lithology, the geological boreholes can be preserved intact as the overlying rock mass continues to collapse, and the filling slurry always fills above the goaf. However, for fractured lithology, geological boreholes often collapse, hindering the flow of filling slurry. Therefore, using filling pipes for borehole protection (geological boreholes) is particularly necessary. However, a common engineering situation arises where the bottom of the filling pipe is easily blocked by large rock masses. In this case, the flow of filling slurry is still restricted, failing to achieve the effect of cementing a large area of ​​loose material. Furthermore, the blockage at the bottom of the filling pipe may cause residual slurry inside the pipe to spray out from the upper outlet, preventing filling. And the inability to predict the filling volume inside the rock mass, leading to poor filling stability, overfilling, or underfilling.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a filling system that can ensure the effective flow of filling grout to fill bulk materials and voids, as well as a method that can achieve large-scale bulk material bonding and solidification. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: This invention proposes a lateral filling system and method for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies, aiming to solve the technical problems of easy blockage at the bottom opening of the filling pipe in the existing caving area and the inability to predict the filling situation inside the rock mass.

[0006] Technical solution The first aspect of this invention proposes a lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies. A filling tunnel is located above the ore body, and an un-perforated filling pipe is arranged laterally within the filling tunnel, extending horizontally towards the surface to the filling station. Perforated filling pipes are arranged within the rock mass perpendicular to the filling tunnel and towards the ore body, and the un-perforated filling pipes are connected to the perforated filling pipes. The perforated filling pipes include a connected laterally perforated section and a laterally unperforated section. The laterally perforated section has multiple lateral circular holes arranged spirally from top to bottom. Based on the tensile strength model of the perforated filling pipe, the maximum tensile stress of the uppermost lateral circular hole in the laterally perforated section is... It must be less than the tensile strength of the perforated filling tube. .

[0007] Furthermore, a packing box is installed inside the filling station. The packing box is connected to the perforated filling pipe through an unperforated filling pipe. A second pressure gauge is installed at the connection between the unperforated filling pipe and the perforated filling pipe. The second pressure gauge is used to obtain the pumping pressure P0.

[0008] Furthermore, a vertical filling pipe is installed in the filling tunnel, which is vertically connected to the perforated filling pipe. A removable sealing cap is installed at the upper opening of the vertical filling pipe. A transverse slurry outlet is opened on the side wall of the vertical filling pipe, which is connected to a flexible pipe. An anemometer is also installed on the side wall of the vertical filling pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, adjacent lateral circular holes are equidistant in the vertical direction, and the hole spacing 'a' satisfies a≥max{10d}. h ,2.5D}, where d h D is the diameter of the lateral circular hole opening, and D is the outer diameter of the opening filling pipe.

[0010] The second aspect of this invention proposes a filling method for a lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Determine the parameters and density of the perforated filling tube based on the tensile strength model of the filling tube. To construct a lateral filling system for granular cemented filling; Step 2: After the mining operation at the mining level is completed, the filling slurry is prepared in the filling station. The pumping pressure P0 for the filling slurry flow is determined according to the maximum filling range model, and the filling operation begins. Step 3: After the filling operation is completed, immediately flush the pipe with clean water to ensure that all the filling slurry adhering to the inner wall of the filling pipe is filled into the voids and the bulk material.

[0011] Furthermore, the parameters of the perforated filling tube mentioned in step 1 include: the outer diameter D of the perforated filling tube, the length L of the perforated filling tube, the thickness t of the perforated filling tube, the spacing a between adjacent lateral circular holes, and the opening diameter d of the lateral circular holes. h .

[0012] Furthermore, the tensile strength model of the filling tube is as follows: ; In the formula: , where is the maximum tensile stress at the lateral circular opening, in MPa; D is the outer diameter of the filling tube, in m; L is the length of the filling tube, in m. The density of the perforated filling tube, in kg / m³ 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 ;K t d is the stress concentration factor; t is the thickness of the perforation filling tube, in meters; d h The diameter of the lateral circular hole is expressed in meters (m). The tensile strength of the perforated filling tube is expressed in MPa.

[0013] Furthermore, the maximum filling range model mentioned in step 2 is as follows: ; In the formula: V0 is the maximum filling range of a single lateral circular hole, in meters. 3 L0 represents the maximum seepage path length of the filling slurry in the bulk material, in meters. The formula for calculating the maximum seepage path length L0 of the filling slurry in the bulk material is as follows: ; In the formula: P is the total driving force that propels the filling slurry to flow and overcome resistance, in Pa; µ is the plastic viscosity, in Pa•s; k is the inherent permeability of the granules, in m³. 2 ; The average seepage velocity of the slurry within the bulk material is expressed in m / s. These are geometric structural parameters, dimensionless. The value is the yield stress, expressed in Pa.

[0014] Furthermore, the total driving force for the flow of the filling slurry and overcoming resistance is P = P0 + P1. In the formula, P0 is the pumping pressure, and P1 is the weight of the filling slurry. The formula for calculating P1 is as follows: ; In the formula: This refers to the density of the filling slurry, expressed in kg / m³. 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 h is the distance from the lateral circular hole to the opening of the vertical filling pipe, in meters.

[0015] Beneficial effects This invention proposes a lateral filling system and method for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies. A backfilling pipeline system is pre-deployed in the planned area, extending deep into the granular mass. To prevent the bottom of the backfilling pipeline from being blocked by intact rock blocks, severely restricting the flow of backfill slurry, this invention designs a spiral arrangement of lateral circular holes to ensure the backfilling volume in underground goafs and the continuity of mine backfilling. Furthermore, based on the tensile strength model of the perforated backfilling pipe, the maximum tensile stress of the uppermost lateral circular hole must be satisfied. Less than the tensile strength of the perforated filling tube To ensure the effectiveness of the filling pipeline system, this invention provides a lateral filling system and method for cemented filling of fractured ore bodies. This system ensures that the filling slurry does not suffer tensile failure and guarantees the effectiveness of the filling pipeline system. Furthermore, to ensure effective filling of the filling slurry and guarantee the cementation range of the loose material, achieving large-scale cementation and solidification of the loose material, the driving force for the flow of the filling slurry and overcoming resistance is further determined to meet the filling effect. By predicting the maximum filling range V0 of a single lateral circular hole, the corresponding filling area is effectively covered and a stable filling body is formed. This ensures continuous connection between adjacent filling areas, reduces unfilled areas and filling dead zones, and guarantees the overall uniformity, stability, and support effect of the filling body in the stope. It also balances filling efficiency and filling cost, avoiding the impact of excessive or insufficient filling volume on filling quality and operational stability. This invention proposes a lateral filling system and method for cemented filling of fractured ore bodies. The filling operation and mining operation can proceed without interference. While ensuring the annual production capacity of the mine, the filling volume is greatly increased, which is beneficial for reducing, slowing down, or even preventing surface subsidence. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a lateral filling system for cemented granular filling; Figure 2 This is a side-opening method for the filling tube; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the filling slurry flow when the lateral circular hole is located in the fallout void; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the flow of filling slurry when the lateral circular holes are located within the bulk material. Figure 5 Design for vertical filling pipe inlet and tee structure; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Filling station, 2-First pressure monitor, 3-Filling box, 4-Unperforated filling pipe, 41-Bend, 5-Second pressure monitor, 6-Collapse arch, 7-Perforated filling pipe, 71-Perforated filling pipe in void, 72-Perforated filling pipe in bulk material, 73-Lateral unperforated section, 8-Collapse void, 9-Filling tunnel, 10-Ore body, 11-Bulk material, 12-Uncollapsed rock mass, 13-Bulk material pile surface, 14-Surface level, 15-T-junction structure, 16-Lateral circular hole, 17-Wind speed monitor, 18-Vertical filling pipe, 19-Transverse slurry outlet, 20-Flexible pipe, 21-Throat, 22-Filling slurry flow path. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of this invention, the following description, in conjunction with embodiments and accompanying drawings, provides a further explanation of the invention. It is understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and not intended to limit it.

[0018] In conventional caving mining of fractured ore bodies, geological boreholes often collapse due to rock fracturing, affecting the continuity of backfilling operations. Therefore, the conventional practice in this field is to insert backfill pipes into the geological boreholes to support them and maintain the slurry transport channel. As ore is mined, the massive shearing force generated by the caving of overlying strata causes the backfill pipes to fracture. Due to the randomness and concealment of the caving process, the location of the fractured pipe opening is difficult to predict and is easily blocked by large pieces of caved rock, preventing the backfill slurry from effectively entering the voids in the bulk material and severely affecting the backfilling effect. Therefore, a new requirement exists for backfill pipes: they must not only support the geological boreholes but also provide effective backfilling. To address these problems, this invention proposes a backfill pipe design with a spiral sidewall opening structure. This structure, through the pre-set spiral distribution of lateral grout outlets on the pipe wall, enables the filling pipe to still achieve multi-point grout outlets through the side wall openings even after being blocked by collapsed rock mass. This effectively avoids the risk of a single pipe opening being blocked and ensures the uniform diffusion and filling density of the filling grout in the loose rock layer.

[0019] like Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figure 5, this invention proposes a lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies. A backfilling tunnel 9 is located above the ore body 10. An unperforated backfilling pipe 4 is arranged laterally in the backfilling tunnel 9. The unperforated backfilling pipe 4 extends to the backfilling station 1 in the horizontal direction 14 of the ground surface. A filling box 3 is installed in the backfilling station 1. A first pressure monitoring meter 2 is installed at the opening of the filling box 3. The first pressure monitoring meter 2 is used to obtain the initial pumping pressure. A second pressure monitoring meter 5 is installed at the connection between the unperforated backfilling pipe 4 and the perforated backfilling pipe 7. The second pressure monitoring meter 5 is used to obtain the pumping pressure P0. A perforated filling pipe 7 is installed in the rock mass perpendicular to the direction of the filling tunnel 9 towards the ore body 10. An unperforated filling pipe 4 is connected to the perforated filling pipe 7. The perforated filling pipe 7 includes a connected lateral perforated section (including a connected perforated filling pipe 71 located in the void and a perforated filling pipe 72 located in the loose body) and a lateral unperforated section 73. The length of the lateral unperforated section 73 should be determined to ensure that the filling tunnel above is not affected by caving, generally ranging from 200m to 350m. The length of the lateral perforated section is determined to control the caving height, generally ranging from 150m to 200m, depending on the actual rock mass conditions. Multiple lateral circular holes 16 are spirally arranged from top to bottom in the lateral perforated section, and according to the tensile strength model of the perforated filling pipe, the maximum tensile stress of the uppermost lateral circular hole 16 must be satisfied. Less than the tensile strength of the perforated filling tube 7 Maximum tensile stress The smaller this value is, the better. After the hole is opened, the tensile stress will be concentrated at the opening. If the hole is not opened, this value will be 0. Once the hole is opened, the value will definitely not be 0. Therefore, it is only necessary to ensure that the tensile stress concentration of the lateral circular hole 16 at the top (the direction of the hole filling pipe 7 towards the center of the earth is down, and the direction towards the surface of the earth is up) is less than the tensile strength. The tensile stress concentration of the hole from top to bottom will become smaller and smaller.

[0020] A vertical filling pipe 18 is also installed in the filling roadway 9. The vertical filling pipe 18 is vertically connected to the open filling pipe 7. A removable sealing cap is installed at the upper opening of the vertical filling pipe 18. A transverse slurry outlet 19 is opened on the side wall of the vertical filling pipe 18, which is connected to the flexible pipe 24. An anemometer 17 is also installed on the side wall of the vertical filling pipe 18. The anemometer 17 is used to measure the direction and magnitude of the airflow in the vertical filling pipe 18. During the filling process, a pressure difference will be formed in the pipe, drawing air into the pipe. The filling is regulated by the trend of the airflow change during the filling process. When not filling, the airflow in the underground mining area may flow out from the filling pipe along the internal pores of the bulk material. The timing of filling is determined by the airflow magnitude (the airflow magnitude reflects the size of the internal pores of the bulk material). The unperforated filling pipe 4 is connected to the perforated filling pipe 7 through the set bend 41. The bend 41, the vertical filling pipe 18 and the perforated filling pipe 7 are connected through the tee structure 15.

[0021] Lateral circular holes 16 are spirally arranged from top to bottom on the lateral opening section of the filling pipe 7, and adjacent lateral circular holes 16 are equally spaced in the vertical direction, with a distance 'a' between adjacent lateral circular holes. The vertical distance 'a' between two adjacent lateral circular holes is not arbitrarily set, but is based on the opening diameter 'd' of the lateral circular hole. h The distance between adjacent lateral circular holes is determined in conjunction with the outer diameter D of the filling pipe. Preferably, the distance between adjacent lateral circular holes satisfies a ≥ max{10d}. h The spacing 'a' between adjacent lateral holes is 2.5D, thus ensuring the remaining strength of the filling pipe wall while also considering the uniformity of the lateral discharge of the filling slurry and its anti-clogging performance. For high-concentration, large-particle filling slurry, the spacing 'a' between adjacent lateral holes is further preferably 10d. h ~15d h Lateral opening methods include single-sided opening, symmetrical opening, and spiral opening. Single-sided opening has a limited filling radiation range, thus failing to achieve a large-area cemented filling range. While symmetrical opening solves the filling radiation range problem, its symmetry makes it prone to damage if the opening is located directly opposite a direction of high horizontal stress, compromising the integrity of the tube wall. Spiral opening perfectly avoids the problem of the tube wall not being able to maintain its integrity long-term, which is a consequence of symmetrical opening, and effectively increases the filling radiation range. Furthermore, a circular opening shape is more suitable. If a rectangular shape is used, stress concentration is likely to occur at the vertical angle (where the force is significantly greater than elsewhere), leading to tube damage. Therefore, lateral openings are spirally arranged from top to bottom as circular holes.

[0022] Unperforated filling pipe 4, bend 41, perforated filling pipe 7, vertical filling pipe 18. In this embodiment, high-strength manganese steel pipe is selected, but not limited to. According to the actual requirements for the length of the above filling pipe, the above filling pipe can be spliced ​​from multiple single pipes of equal length, and adjacent single pipes can be connected by, but not limited to, threads.

[0023] Specifically, in this embodiment, the arrangement of the filling pipeline is as follows: filling station 1 → filling tunnel 9 → caving void 8 or loose material 11; the pipelines of the unperforated filling pipes 4 from filling station 1 to filling tunnel 9 are preferably arranged vertically and horizontally; in filling tunnel 9, the pipelines of the unperforated filling pipes 4 are arranged horizontally along one side of the tunnel; in filling tunnel 9 to caving void 8 or loose material 11, the pipelines of the vertical filling pipes 18 and the perforated filling pipes 7 are arranged vertically. The perforated filling pipe 7 passes through the uncaved rock mass 12 and enters the caving arch 6. As the ore body 10 is mined, the highest point of the caving arch 6 gradually moves upward. The part of the perforated filling pipe 7 located in the caving void 8 is the perforated filling pipe 71 within the void. The filling effect is shown in the figure. Figure 3 , Figure 3The flow path 22 of the filling slurry in the caving void 8 is shown. Correspondingly, when the lateral circular hole 16 is inside the caving void 8, the filling slurry is injected into the caving void 8 through the lateral circular hole 16, and then seeps from top to bottom from the surface 13 of the bulk material pile. After the filling slurry hardens, the bonding operation of the bulk material 11 can also be completed. The portion of the perforated filling pipe 7 inside the bulk material 11 is the perforated filling pipe 72 within the bulk material. The filling effect is shown in [the diagram]. Figure 4 , Figure 4 The flow path 22 of the filling slurry in the bulk 11 is shown. Specifically, when the lateral circular hole 16 is inside the bulk 11, the filling slurry will flow through the throat 21 structure, and after the filling slurry has hardened, it can achieve the bonding and fixation of the bulk 11.

[0024] The vertical opening of the vertical filling pipe 18 is retained, and this opening requires the following special treatment: First, the vertical filling pipe 18 is designed with a horizontal slurry outlet 19. The horizontal slurry outlet 19 is connected to a water ditch far inside the filling tunnel 9 via a flexible pipe 24 to prevent residual slurry from failing to be cleaned in time after the overflow void 8 or loose material 11 is filled, thus providing a flow outlet. Second, a small round hole is designed on the side wall of the vertical filling pipe 18 to house an anemometer 17. The anemometer 17 is used to monitor the direction and magnitude of wind speed both during filling and when not filling. Third, a removable sealing cap is fabricated to seal the pipe during filling operations, preventing residual slurry from spraying out from the upper outlet of the vertical filling pipe after the overflow void 8 or loose material 11 is filled.

[0025] This invention also proposes a filling method for a lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Determine the parameters and density of the perforated filling tube 7 based on the tensile strength model of the filling tube. To construct a lateral filling system for granular cemented filling; The parameters of the perforated filling tube 7 include: outer diameter D, length L, thickness t, spacing a between adjacent lateral circular holes, and diameter d of the lateral circular holes. h Wherein, the outer diameter D of the tube and the thickness t of the perforated filling tube are parameters of conventional high-strength manganese tubes in this field, and the vertical distance a between two adjacent lateral circular holes satisfies a≥max{10d}. h For high-concentration, large-particle filling slurries, the spacing 'a' between adjacent lateral circular holes is further preferably 10d. h ~15d h .

[0026] After the vertical filling pipe 18 is laterally drilled, the filling pipe needs to be assembled and lowered starting from the geological borehole opening. Once all single pipes are assembled, it is essential to ensure that the highest horizontal lateral circular hole 16 is not damaged; that is, the diameter d of the lateral circular hole opening must be maintained. h Due to the influence of the tensile strength of the perforated filling pipe 7, if the maximum tensile stress at the perforation does not exceed the tensile strength of the filling pipe, it can be ensured that the filling pipe will not be damaged prematurely due to the perforation in the filling pipe wall after installation, thus ensuring that the filling pipeline is always in a smooth filling state. The smaller the better; it cannot be 0. Therefore, the tensile strength model of the filling tube is: (1) In the formula: The maximum tensile stress at the lateral circular opening is expressed in MPa; D is the outer diameter of the tube, in meters; and L is the length of the filling tube at the opening, in meters. The density of the perforated filling tube, in kg / m³ 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 ;K t d is the stress concentration factor; t is the thickness of the perforation filling tube, in meters; d h The diameter of the lateral circular hole is expressed in meters (m). The tensile strength of the perforated filling tube is expressed in MPa.

[0027] As can be seen from formula (1), the tensile strength of the perforated filling tube 7 is determined by the material properties, and the length L of the perforated section of the filling tube and the diameter d of the lateral circular hole are related. h There is an inverse correlation, and the diameter d of the lateral circular hole is also... h The length L of the opening section of the filling pipe is determined by mutual factors.

[0028] Therefore, based on the tensile strength model of the filling pipe, the parameters of the perforated filling pipe 7 can be determined. These parameters provide the necessary parameter basis for the construction of the granular cemented filling lateral filling system. On the basis of the above parameter determination, lateral circular holes 16 are pre-fabricated on the perforated filling pipe 7 to meet the actual application requirements of the granular cemented filling lateral filling system.

[0029] Step 2: After the mining operation at the mining level is completed, the filling slurry is prepared in filling station 1. The pumping pressure P0 for the filling slurry flow is determined according to the maximum filling range model, and the filling operation begins. When the bottom of the vertical filling pipe 18 is blocked or the flow is restricted, an approximate calculation method for the filling range (volume) of a single lateral circular hole 16 into the slurry can be obtained based on real-time control of the filling slurry pressure and flow rate. This is also known as the maximum filling range model, which is as follows: (2) In the formula: V0 is the maximum filling range (volume) of a single lateral circular hole, in meters. 3 L0 represents the maximum seepage path length of the filling slurry in the bulk material, in meters. The formula for calculating the maximum seepage path length L0 of the filling slurry in the bulk material is as follows: (3) In the formula: P is the total driving force that propels the filling slurry to flow and overcome resistance, in Pa; µ is the plastic viscosity, in Pa•s; k is the inherent permeability of the granules, in m³. 2 ; The average seepage velocity of the slurry within the bulk material is expressed in m / s. These are geometric structural parameters, dimensionless. The value is the yield stress, expressed in Pa.

[0030] The method of this invention can predict the maximum filling range V0 of a single lateral circular hole, thereby ensuring that the corresponding filling area can be effectively covered and form a stable filling body, ensuring continuous connection between adjacent filling areas, reducing unfilled areas and filling dead corners, ensuring the overall uniformity, stability and support effect of the filling body in the stope; and taking into account filling efficiency and filling cost, avoiding the impact of excessive or insufficient filling volume on filling quality and operational stability.

[0031] The total driving force P that propels the filling slurry to flow and overcome resistance is P = P0 + P1. This total driving force P includes the pumping pressure P0 of the filling station's pressure pump and the weight of the filling slurry P1. The pumping pressure P0 can be measured by the second pressure gauge 5. The weight of the filling slurry P1 is equal to the weight of the slurry in a fully penetrated state at the lateral circular hole 16 or higher. The formula for calculating P1 is as follows: (4) In the formula: This refers to the density of the filling slurry, expressed in kg / m³. 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 h is the distance from the lateral circular hole to the opening of the vertical filling pipe, in meters.

[0032] Optionally, the plastic viscosity in formula (3) The inherent permeability k and yield stress of the granular material All parameters were measured in the laboratory. After all the above parameters were determined, the maximum seepage path length L0 of the filling slurry in the granular material was first determined according to formula (3). Then, based on L0, the maximum filling range V0 of a single lateral circular hole was further determined according to formula (2). Then, the pumping pressure P0 can be determined by P-P1=P0 to meet the maximum filling range.

[0033] Step 3: After the filling operation is completed, immediately flush the pipe with clean water to ensure that all the filling slurry adhering to the inner wall of the filling pipe is filled into the caving void 8 and the loose material 11, and to ensure that the filling pipe is clean for the next filling.

[0034] It is important to note that during the filling process, the status of the pressure monitoring gauges (first pressure monitoring gauge 2, second pressure monitoring gauge 5), wind speed monitoring gauge 17, and transverse slurry outlet 19 should be monitored at all times, including changes in the pressure monitoring gauge values, changes in the wind speed monitoring gauge 17 values, and whether there is any overflow of filling slurry from the transverse slurry outlet. The filling operation can be adjusted according to the site conditions.

[0035] Example 1 A lateral filling method for a cemented lateral filling system for fractured ore bodies, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Constructing a lateral filling system for granular cemented backfilling: including constructing a backfilling station 1, prefabricating lateral circular holes 16, excavating a backfilling tunnel 9, constructing backfilling pipelines, laying backfilling pipelines, installing a first pressure gauge 2, a second pressure gauge 5 and an anemometer 17, and processing and installing a detachable sealing cap for the vertical backfilling pipe 18, etc. In step 1, the outer diameter of the perforated filling pipe 7 can be taken as D=0.196m, the length of the perforated filling pipe can be taken as L=200m, and the density of the perforated filling pipe can be taken as... =7850kg / m 3 The acceleration due to gravity can be taken as g = 9.8 m / s². 2 The stress concentration factor can be taken as K. t =3, the thickness of the filling pipe can be taken as t=0.014m; the diameter of the lateral circular hole opening can be taken as d. h =0.05m, the compressive strength of the filling pipe can be taken as =800MPa, calculated as follows ; ; As can be seen, after the filling pipe is laterally drilled in this embodiment, the drilled filling pipe 7 will not be damaged in this engineering case, thus meeting the strength requirement for supporting the geological borehole.

[0036] Step 2: Perform backfilling operation: After the horizontal mining work in the stope is completed, the backfilling station 1 will prepare materials and the backfilling pump will provide the power for the flow of slurry to start the backfilling operation; In step 2, the density of the filling slurry can be taken as... The acceleration due to gravity can be taken as g = 9.8 m / s². 2The inner diameter of the filling pipe can be taken as d = 0.084m, the distance from the lateral circular hole to the pipe opening can be taken as h = 300m, and the pumping pressure of the filling station pressure pump can be taken as P0 = 15MPa. The total driving force for the filling slurry to flow and overcome resistance is calculated. ; In step 2, the total driving force for the filling slurry to flow and overcome resistance can be taken as P = 19.41 MPa, and the plastic viscosity can be taken as... The inherent permeability of the granular material can be taken as k = 1.0 × 10⁻⁶. -8 m 2 The average seepage rate of the filling slurry in the granular material can be taken as Geometric parameters can be taken as follows: =3, yield stress can be taken as 3. =142.1Pa, the maximum seepage path length of the filling slurry in the granular material was calculated; .

[0037] In step 2, the maximum seepage path length of the filling slurry in the bulk can be taken as L=4.51m, and the maximum filling range (volume) of a single lateral circular hole. .

[0038] Step 3, Clean the pipe with clean water: After the filling operation is completed, immediately clean the pipe with clean water to ensure that all the filling slurry adhering to the inner wall of the filling pipe is filled into the bulk material or the voids, and to ensure that the filling pipe is clean for the next filling.

[0039] It is important to note that during the filling process, the status of the pressure gauge, anemometer, and transverse slurry outlet must be monitored at all times, including changes in the pressure gauge readings, changes in the anemometer readings, and whether there is any overflow of filling slurry from the transverse slurry outlet. The filling operation can be adjusted according to the site conditions.

[0040] While the accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the present invention, in practical engineering applications, parameter adjustments are necessary based on factors such as ore body conditions and on-site circumstances. The embodiments described herein should not be considered limiting. The embodiments provided are intended to more clearly convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art and are not intended to limit the invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may modify or alter the disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, or alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the invention, shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lateral backfilling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies, characterized in that, A filling tunnel (9) is located above the ore body (10). An un-perforated filling pipe (4) is installed laterally in the filling tunnel (9). The un-perforated filling pipe (4) extends horizontally (14) towards the surface to the filling station (1). A perforated filling pipe (7) is installed in the rock mass perpendicular to the filling tunnel (9) towards the ore body (10). The un-perforated filling pipe (4) is connected to the perforated filling pipe (7). The perforated filling pipe (7) includes a connected lateral perforated section and a lateral non-perforated section (73). The lateral perforated section has multiple lateral circular holes (16) arranged spirally from top to bottom. According to the tensile strength model of the perforated filling pipe, the maximum tensile stress of the uppermost lateral circular hole (16) of the lateral perforated section is... The tensile strength must be less than that of the perforated filling tube (7). ; The tensile strength model of the filling tube is as follows: ； In the formula: , where is the maximum tensile stress at the lateral circular opening, in MPa; D is the outer diameter of the filling tube, in m; L is the length of the filling tube, in m. The density of the perforated filling tube, in kg / m³ 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 ;K t d is the stress concentration factor; t is the thickness of the perforation filling tube, in meters; d h The diameter of the lateral circular hole is expressed in meters (m). The tensile strength of the perforated filling tube is expressed in MPa.

2. The lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filling station (1) is equipped with a filling box (3). The filling box (3) is connected to the perforated filling pipe (7) through the unperforated filling pipe (4). A second pressure gauge (5) is installed at the connection between the unperforated filling pipe (4) and the perforated filling pipe (7). The second pressure gauge (5) is used to obtain the pumping pressure P0.

3. The lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical filling pipe (18) is also installed in the filling tunnel (9). The vertical filling pipe (18) is vertically connected to the open filling pipe (7). A removable sealing cap is installed at the upper opening of the vertical filling pipe (18). A transverse slurry outlet (19) is opened on the side wall of the vertical filling pipe (18). The transverse slurry outlet (19) is connected to the flexible pipe (24). An anemometer (17) is also installed on the side wall of the vertical filling pipe (18).

4. The lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies according to claim 1, characterized in that, Adjacent lateral circular holes (16) are equidistant in the vertical direction, and the hole spacing a satisfies a≥max{10d} h ,2.5D}, where d h D is the diameter of the lateral circular hole opening, and D is the outer diameter of the opening filling pipe.

5. A filling method for a lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: Step 1: Determine the parameters and density of the perforated filling tube (7) based on the tensile strength model of the filling tube. To construct a lateral filling system for granular cemented filling; Step 2: After the mining operation at the mining level is completed, the filling slurry is prepared in the filling station (1). The pumping pressure P0 for the filling slurry flow is determined according to the maximum filling range model, and the filling operation begins. Step 3: Wait for the filling operation to be completed, then immediately use clean water to flush the pipe to ensure that all the filling slurry adhering to the inner wall of the filling pipe is filled into the collapse void (8) and the loose material (11).

6. The filling method of a lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that, The parameters of the perforated filling tube (7) mentioned in step 1 include: the outer diameter D of the perforated filling tube, the length L of the perforated filling tube, the thickness t of the perforated filling tube, the distance a between adjacent lateral circular holes, and the opening diameter d of the lateral circular holes. h .

7. The filling method of a lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that, The tensile strength model of the filling tube is as follows: ； In the formula: , where is the maximum tensile stress at the lateral circular opening, in MPa; D is the outer diameter of the filling tube, in m; L is the length of the filling tube, in m. The density of the perforated filling tube, in kg / m³ 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 ;K t d is the stress concentration factor; t is the thickness of the perforation filling tube, in meters; d h The diameter of the lateral circular hole is expressed in meters (m). The tensile strength of the perforated filling tube is expressed in MPa.

8. The filling method of a lateral filling system for cemented backfilling of fractured ore bodies according to claim 5, characterized in that, The maximum filling range model mentioned in step 2 is: ； In the formula: V0 is the maximum filling range of a single lateral circular hole, in meters. 3 L0 represents the maximum seepage path length of the filling slurry in the bulk material, in meters. The formula for calculating the maximum seepage path length L0 of the filling slurry in the bulk material is as follows: ； In the formula: P is the total driving force that propels the filling slurry to flow and overcome resistance, in Pa; µ is the plastic viscosity, in Pa•s; k is the inherent permeability of the granules, in m³. 2 ; The average seepage velocity of the slurry within the bulk material is expressed in m / s. These are geometric structural parameters, dimensionless. The value is the yield stress, expressed in Pa.

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