An underwater vehicle icebreaking load calculation method and system

Abstract

The application discloses an underwater vehicle icebreaking load calculation method and system, and belongs to the technical field of ship and ocean engineering load calculation. The method first obtains the spatial distribution characteristics of the maximum ice load data of different positions on the surface of the underwater vehicle; then, a parameterized function is used to fit the reference spatial distribution function representing the load reference distribution based on the characteristics; then, correction operators corresponding to the inclination, ice thickness, speed and ice strength working condition variables are respectively constructed, and the control parameters of each operator are obtained based on the corresponding working condition data fitting; finally, the correction operators and the reference spatial distribution function are combined to form a unified relationship capable of calculating the maximum ice load of each position under different working conditions. The application realizes rapid and accurate calculation of complex icebreaking load by establishing a parameterized reference distribution and separable working condition correction operator, and overcomes the defects of low efficiency and poor adaptability of traditional methods.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of marine engineering and structural mechanics, specifically to a method and system for calculating icebreaking loads of underwater vehicles. Background Technology

[0002] With increased activity in polar waters, underwater vehicles are increasingly engaging in icebreaking and surfacing operations in icy environments. During this process, the ice load on the hull surface is influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including spatial location and tilt angle, ice thickness, speed, and ice strength.

[0003] Existing technologies typically rely on case-by-case numerical simulations to obtain load data. While this approach yields concrete results, it has significant limitations: firstly, the simulation output is mostly discrete data points, making it difficult to extract and form a unified parameterized expression of the spatial distribution of maximum ice loads on the hull surface; secondly, the influence of multiple operating conditions is deeply coupled in the simulation, making it impossible to separate them into independent, parameterized correction terms and incorporate them into the same computational framework. Therefore, when evaluating new operating conditions or new ship types, a large number of repetitive simulations are often still required, resulting in long analysis cycles, low data reuse, and low engineering efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can build a unified parameterized model based on existing simulation data. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method and system for calculating the icebreaking load of underwater vehicles.

[0006] A method for calculating the icebreaking load of an underwater vehicle, characterized by comprising:

[0007] Based on the maximum ice load data at different locations on the surface of the underwater vehicle, its spatial distribution characteristics are obtained.

[0008] Based on the spatial distribution characteristics, a reference spatial distribution function is obtained by fitting a parametric function. The reference spatial distribution function is used to characterize the reference distribution of the maximum ice load on the surface of the underwater vehicle.

[0009] Correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of tilt angle, ice thickness, velocity and ice intensity are constructed respectively. The control parameters of each correction operator are obtained by fitting the ice load data under the corresponding working condition.

[0010] By combining the tilt angle correction operator, ice thickness correction operator, velocity correction operator, and ice intensity correction operator with the reference spatial distribution function, a calculation formula is formed for calculating the maximum ice load at various locations on the surface of an underwater vehicle under different tilt angles, ice thicknesses, velocities, and ice intensity conditions.

[0011] Furthermore, based on the maximum ice load data at different locations on the surface of the underwater vehicle, its spatial distribution characteristics are obtained, including:

[0012] The surface of the underwater vehicle is divided into grids to form multiple surface units;

[0013] Obtain the maximum ice load data for each surface unit throughout the ice-breaking process;

[0014] Based on the location of each surface unit and its corresponding maximum ice load data, the spatial distribution characteristics are determined.

[0015] Furthermore, the surface of the underwater vehicle is divided into grids, including:

[0016] The underwater vehicle is divided into segments along its length, and each segment is further divided along its length and width to form surface units.

[0017] Furthermore, the spatial distribution characteristics are as follows:

[0018] The maximum ice load forms local peaks in different segmented regions on the surface of the underwater vehicle and decays in directions away from the center of each segmented region.

[0019] Furthermore, the baseline spatial distribution function is obtained by fitting a parameterized function, including:

[0020] Multiple Lorentz functions with local peaks and decaying along both sides are superimposed and fitted to obtain the baseline spatial distribution function.

[0021] Furthermore, correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of dip angle, ice thickness, velocity, and ice intensity are constructed respectively, including:

[0022] Tilt angle correction operator and ice thickness correction operator are constructed, and their control parameters are obtained by fitting the peak ice load data under the corresponding working conditions.

[0023] Furthermore, correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of dip angle, ice thickness, velocity, and ice intensity are constructed respectively, including:

[0024] A velocity correction operator and an ice intensity correction operator are constructed, and their control parameters are obtained by fitting the peak ice load data under the corresponding working conditions.

[0025] Furthermore, correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of dip angle, ice thickness, velocity, and ice intensity are constructed respectively, including:

[0026] A velocity correction operator and an ice intensity correction operator are constructed, and their control parameters are obtained by fitting the peak ice load data under the corresponding working conditions.

[0027] Furthermore, when applied to different types of underwater vehicles, the reference spatial distribution function and / or the control parameters of each correction operator are refitted based on the ice load data of the new type.

[0028] A system for calculating icebreaking loads of underwater vehicles is also provided, including:

[0029] The spatial distribution feature acquisition module is used to acquire the spatial distribution features of an underwater vehicle based on the maximum ice load data at different locations on its surface.

[0030] The benchmark function fitting module is used to obtain a benchmark spatial distribution function by fitting a parametric function based on the spatial distribution characteristics. The benchmark spatial distribution function is used to characterize the benchmark distribution of the maximum ice load on the surface of the underwater vehicle.

[0031] The correction operator construction module is used to construct correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of tilt angle, ice thickness, velocity and ice intensity, respectively. The control parameters of each correction operator are obtained by fitting the ice load data under the corresponding working condition.

[0032] The load calculation formula generation module is used to combine the tilt angle correction operator, ice thickness correction operator, velocity correction operator and ice intensity correction operator with the reference spatial distribution function to form a calculation formula for calculating the maximum ice load at various locations on the surface of the underwater vehicle under different tilt angles, ice thicknesses, velocities and ice intensities.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0034] (1) By adopting the surface mesh division and segmentation method, and based on the spatial distribution characteristics of the load forming local peaks and attenuating in different segmented regions, the discrete simulation load data is fitted by multiple Lorentz functions to transform the above characteristics into a standard parameterized reference spatial distribution function, thereby realizing a unified parameterized expression of the spatial distribution of icebreaking load and overcoming the defects of discrete results and lack of a unified model in the existing technology.

[0035] (2) By independently constructing tilt angle correction operators, ice thickness correction operators, velocity correction operators and ice intensity correction operators, and performing targeted fitting of the control parameters of each operator, the influence of variables such as tilt angle, ice thickness, velocity and ice intensity, which are deeply coupled in traditional simulation, is effectively separated and parameterized. This allows the influence of each working condition variable to be encapsulated as an independent and adjustable mathematical module, which can be flexibly combined with the reference spatial distribution function. This method realizes the decoupling and flexible integration of multiple working condition influencing factors, and solves the problem of multiple factors being coupled and difficult to separate and reuse in the existing technology.

[0036] (3) By combining the above-mentioned benchmark functions with each correction operator to form a unified calculation relationship, when dealing with new ship types or new working conditions, there is no need to repeat the full-parameter and full-process simulation. Instead, only new data needs to be obtained and some parameters need to be refitted to quickly update the model and obtain the load distribution. This method significantly improves the efficiency of load analysis and data reusability, and changes the traditional working condition simulation analysis cycle that is long and inefficient. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the icebreaking load calculation method for an underwater vehicle according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 A simplified model of the ship's hull with clearly defined sections;

[0040] Figure 3 According to the present invention Figure 2 A three-dimensional surface plot drawn from a segmented diagram;

[0041] Figure 4 A comparison chart showing the consistency between the fitted surface and the original data;

[0042] Figure 5 This is a comparison chart of the fitted curve and the original data. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0045] This embodiment provides a method for calculating icebreaking loads of underwater vehicles. It is used to construct load calculation formulas based on existing icebreaking numerical simulation data, and to calculate the maximum ice load at each surface unit or different location under different working conditions.

[0046] First, the surface of the underwater vehicle is meshed to generate several surface units. Then, the maximum ice load data for each surface unit during the entire icebreaking process is extracted. Finally, the spatial distribution characteristics of the maximum ice load are determined by combining the spatial location of each surface unit. This process transforms the time-varying load data into the maximum ice load distribution results corresponding to the location on the ship's surface.

[0047] When dividing the hull surface into grids, it is divided into segments along the length of the hull, and each segment is further subdivided along the length and width directions to form regular surface units. In a preferred embodiment, the hull surface is cut into segments, and each segment is divided equally along the length direction. By adjusting the number of equal parts in the length direction of each segment, the lengths of each part are made similar. The width direction is evenly divided into n parts, ultimately forming m×n surface units.

[0048] like Figure 2 Taking the simplified ship model shown as an example, the ship is 100m long and 20m wide. It is divided into four sections from bow to stern. The mesh is divided according to the length of the sections. In this case, all meshes are 5m long and 4m wide. However, in actual ship models, due to the difference in section length, the mesh size does not need to be the same. It can be adjusted appropriately according to the section length to keep the mesh size in each section as close as possible. Here, a total of 20×5 surface units are formed.

[0049] Load time-series data for the entire icebreaking process of each surface unit were extracted, and the maximum ice load value for each unit was selected. Combined with the corresponding spatial location, a raw dataset of the spatial distribution of the maximum ice load was constructed. To facilitate parameterization, the length direction of the hull was defined as the x-direction, and the width direction as the y-direction. The position coordinates were normalized according to the overall length and width of the hull, ensuring that the position parameters fall within a standard range. This coordinate normalization method allows load data from different locations to be incorporated into a unified scale for representation and fitting, providing a positional basis for constructing a baseline spatial distribution function and refitting parameters across ship types.

[0050] After normalizing the ship's length and width, the center point of the cell is selected as the x and y coordinates of the data. This data is then used to plot a 3D surface, as shown below. Figure 3 As shown, local peak values ​​of ice load appear at the center of each segment, and the load amplitude gradually decreases as it moves away from the center of the segment region.

[0051] The spatial distribution characteristics of the maximum ice load are that local peak values ​​are formed in different sections of the hull surface, and the load amplitude gradually decreases as it moves away from the center of the section.

[0052] That is, the icebreaking load is non-uniformly distributed on the hull surface, exhibiting significant segmented peak values ​​and radial attenuation. Based on the previously defined unit range, the highest load within each unit can be obtained in the software. This data serves as the original input data for this method. The discrete simulation loads calculated using simulation software are transformed into a clear spatial distribution characteristic description, providing a direct basis for subsequent parametric function fitting.

[0053] By dividing the surface into units, extracting maximum values, and associating locations, a first-level mapping from the original time-series data to spatial distribution patterns is established. Specifically, the hull surface is divided, the maximum load in each region is extracted, and the center point of the unit is selected as the xy coordinates of the data. This ensures that the subsequent fitting process deals with structured spatially distributed data that includes location, segmentation, and peak value information.

[0054] Based on the above spatial distribution characteristics, a reference spatial distribution function is obtained by fitting a parametric function. This function is used to characterize the reference distribution of the maximum ice load on the hull surface without correction of operating condition variables, and to construct the basic mathematical model for load calculation.

[0055] Since the maximum ice load peaks at the center of each segment and decays towards both sides, closely matching the peak-to-decay characteristics of the Lorentz function, multiple Lorentz functions are superimposed for fitting to obtain the baseline spatial distribution function. This fitting method is used to characterize the peak load location, range of action, and decay trend of each segment.

[0056] Taking an underwater vehicle with four segments as an example, the baseline spatial distribution function can be expressed as:

[0057]

[0058] In the formula, Characterizes the coordinates of the center of ice load action in each segment. Characterization Direction and range of action Characterization Direction and range of action Characterizes the load amplitude of each segment.

[0059] During fitting, the maximum ice load data and normalized position coordinates of each surface unit are used as inputs. The fitting process determines the center position, range of action, and amplitude parameters of each segment, ultimately yielding a complete reference spatial distribution function. This function transforms discrete distribution characteristics into a unified parameterized model, enabling the maximum ice load reference distribution to be calculable, reusable, and modifiable.

[0060] The fitting process for this function is performed in Origin software. First, the load data is converted into a table format to facilitate subsequent fitting operations. The table includes the load data z under the x and y coordinates.

[0061] Use the nonlinear surface fitting function of the fitting module in Origin;

[0062] Create a new custom fitting function;

[0063] Set the corresponding independent variables, dependent variables, and parameters according to the fitting formula.

[0064] Enter the expression for the fitting formula in the function body. The initial values ​​of the parameters can be defined based on the load data. Characterizes the coordinates of the center of ice load action in each segment. Characterization Direction and range of action Characterization The directional range of action, A1~A4, does not require defining initial values.

[0065] Note that defining initial values ​​here does not mean directly giving parameters, but rather providing an initial reference for the parameters during the fitting process to avoid the fitting getting stuck in local optima or diverging.

[0066] After setting the custom function, select the function in nonlinear surface fitting.

[0067] Switch to the data selection page, select the corresponding x, y, and z data, and start fitting.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown, the fitted three-dimensional surface is obtained, where the red data points are the original data. It can be seen that the fitted surface has good consistency with the original data.

[0069] The maximum ice load at any position of the hull can be calculated by substituting the parameters obtained from the fitting formula.

[0070] Correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of tilt angle, ice thickness, velocity and ice intensity were constructed respectively, and the control parameters of each correction operator were obtained by fitting the ice load data under the corresponding working condition.

[0071] It is used to separate the influence of different operating condition variables on the maximum ice load from the reference spatial distribution function and express it in a composable parameterized manner.

[0072] To reflect the impact of the tilt angle, it is important to consider that the tilt angle primarily affects the angle of contact between the underwater vehicle and the ice, as well as its projected area on the ice surface. Furthermore, based on both of these factors... The positive correlation characteristic leads to the introduction of the tilt operator. Control parameters were obtained by fitting simulation data of peak ice loads under different tilt angles. θ0 is the inclination angle value in the baseline working condition, and θ is the inclination angle value of the working condition that needs to be predicted.

[0073] Taking the tilt angle as an example, the baseline tilt angle is 0°. In addition, tilt angle data of 5° and 10° are provided, and the overall maximum ice load in each tilt angle condition is set.

[0074] Use the non-linear curve fitting function in Origin as described above;

[0075] According to the formula Create a new inclination fitting function and set the independent variable, dependent variable, and parameters, where F is the overall ice force under the target working condition, F0 is the overall ice force under the reference working condition, θ is the inclination angle under the target working condition, and θ0 is the inclination angle under the reference working condition.

[0076] The purpose of this fitting formula is to obtain a correction factor between ice load and dip angle by fitting the overall maximum ice load data under different dip angle conditions, and then use this correction factor in the final ice load calculation formula.

[0077] Set the function body according to the formula above.

[0078] After setting the tilt angle fitting function, select the function and choose the corresponding data for curve fitting.

[0079] The fitted curve and the original data are as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the two have good consistency, and the control parameter α in the obtained tilt angle correction operator is obtained.

[0080] To reflect the impact of ice thickness, an ice thickness operator is introduced. Control parameters were obtained by fitting simulation data of peak ice loads under different ice thickness conditions. h represents the ice thickness under the target working condition, and h0 represents the ice thickness under the baseline working condition.

[0081] The fitting process and principle of the ice thickness operator are the same as those of the tilt angle operator. Only the operator in the fitting formula needs to be replaced, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0082] The control parameter b of the ice thickness operator is obtained by fitting the overall maximum ice load data under three different ice thicknesses: 2m, 1.5m, and 1m.

[0083] Considering the existence of ice load even under quasi-static loading conditions when the velocity approaches 0, a parameter-based system is constructed. and parameters speed operator The parameter d is specifically used to fit the ice load under quasi-static conditions. The control parameters are obtained by fitting the simulation data of the peak ice load under different speed conditions. and , For the target ice-breaking speed, 0 represents the ice-breaking speed under the baseline operating conditions.

[0084] The fitting process and principle of the velocity operator are the same as those of the tilt operator. Only the operator in the fitting formula needs to be replaced, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0085] The control parameters c and d of the velocity operator were obtained by fitting the overall maximum ice load data under three different ice thicknesses of 2 m / s, 1.5 m / s, and 1 m / s.

[0086] Even when the ice strength is zero, underwater vehicles will still experience ice-clearing resistance from pushing away ice blocks. Therefore, an ice strength operator with a similar structure to the velocity operator is constructed. To reflect the influence of ice intensity, control parameters e and f are obtained by fitting simulation data of peak ice loads under different ice intensity conditions. Target operating condition ice intensity, The ice strength is the reference working condition.

[0087] The fitting process and principle of the ice strength operator are the same as those of the tilt angle operator. Only the operator in the fitting formula needs to be replaced, so it will not be elaborated here.

[0088] The control parameters e and f of the ice strength operator are obtained by fitting the overall maximum ice load data under three different ice thicknesses of 500 kPa, 650 kPa, and 800 kPa.

[0089] In the specific fitting process, the peak ice load data corresponding to the working conditions of tilt angle change, ice thickness change, velocity change and ice intensity change can be selected respectively, and the control parameters of the above correction operators can be fitted and determined.

[0090] Since each correction operator corresponds to different working condition variables, load changes caused by different working conditions can be independently corrected without changing the main form of the reference spatial distribution function.

[0091] Factors such as dip angle, ice thickness, velocity, and ice intensity are converted into correction terms that are fitted separately but can be combined in a unified manner, so that the influence of each working condition variable on the maximum ice load can be individually characterized outside the reference spatial distribution function.

[0092] While keeping the main form of the baseline spatial distribution function unchanged, parameters can be adjusted for different operating conditions to provide variable correction parameters for subsequent combinations to form a unified calculation relationship.

[0093] By combining the tilt angle correction operator, ice thickness correction operator, velocity correction operator, and ice intensity correction operator with the reference spatial distribution function, a calculation formula is formed for calculating the maximum ice load at various locations on the surface of an underwater vehicle under different tilt angles, ice thicknesses, velocities, and ice intensity conditions.

[0094] After incorporating the above-mentioned modification operators into the reference space distribution function, the computational relationship can be expressed as:

[0095]

[0096] By inputting the corresponding tilt angle, ice thickness, velocity, and ice intensity variables for a given working condition, the maximum ice load F at the target surface element or target location can be obtained.

[0097] When applied to different types of underwater vehicles, the baseline spatial distribution function and / or the control parameters of each correction operator can be refitted based on the ice load data of the new model. During this process, the position parameters, amplitude parameters, and correction operator control parameters related to the new model are updated to improve the model's applicability to different types of underwater vehicles.

[0098] The aforementioned spatial distribution characteristics, benchmark function expressions, and working condition variable corrections are integrated into a unified calculation formula, enabling the maximum ice load under different working conditions to be calculated by substituting the corresponding working condition variables into the existing parameterized model.

[0099] This step seamlessly integrates discrete data processing, distribution pattern extraction, operating condition variable correction, and relation generation, forming a unified computational framework for different operating conditions and parameter refitting scenarios.

[0100] This embodiment also provides an icebreaking load calculation system for underwater vehicles to implement the above method.

[0101] The system includes a spatial distribution feature acquisition module, a baseline function fitting module, a correction operator construction module, and a load calculation formula generation module. The spatial distribution feature acquisition module acquires spatial distribution features based on maximum ice load data at different locations on the surface of the underwater vehicle. The baseline function fitting module uses a parametric function to fit the spatial distribution features to obtain a baseline spatial distribution function. The correction operator construction module constructs correction operators corresponding to the inclination angle, ice thickness, velocity, and ice intensity variables. The load calculation formula generation module combines the correction operators with the baseline spatial distribution function to form calculation formulas for calculating the maximum ice load under different conditions.

[0102] Through the above module configuration, the method steps of this embodiment can be implemented into the corresponding functional units, so that the system can complete the unified modeling and calculation of the maximum ice load in the logical order of spatial distribution feature acquisition, benchmark function fitting, correction operator construction and relation generation, thereby realizing the implementation of the above method.

[0103] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for calculating the icebreaking load of an underwater vehicle, characterized in that, include: Based on the maximum ice load data at different locations on the surface of the underwater vehicle, its spatial distribution characteristics are obtained. Based on the spatial distribution characteristics, a reference spatial distribution function is obtained by fitting a parametric function. The reference spatial distribution function is used to characterize the reference distribution of the maximum ice load on the surface of the underwater vehicle. Correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of tilt angle, ice thickness, velocity and ice intensity are constructed respectively. The control parameters of each correction operator are obtained by fitting the ice load data under the corresponding working condition. The tilt angle correction operator, ice thickness correction operator, velocity correction operator, and ice intensity correction operator are combined with the reference spatial distribution function to form a calculation formula for calculating the maximum ice load at various locations on the surface of an underwater vehicle under different tilt angles, ice thicknesses, velocities, and ice intensities. The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, F represents the combined reference spatial distribution function, x1~x4 represent the coordinates of the ice load center of each segment, w1~w4 represent the range of action in the x-direction, w5 represents the range of action in the y-direction, and A1~A4 represent the load amplitude of each segment. The tilt angle correction operator is defined as follows: θ0 and θ represent the tilt angle values ​​of the baseline and target operating conditions, respectively, and α represents the control parameter of the tilt angle correction operator. Let represent the ice thickness correction operator, where h0 and h represent the ice thickness under the baseline and target conditions, respectively, and b represents the control parameter of the ice thickness correction operator. The speed correction operator is defined as follows: v0 and v represent the ice-breaking speeds under the baseline and target operating conditions, respectively, and c and d represent the control parameters of the speed correction operator. Let represent the ice strength correction operator, where σ0 and σ represent the ice strength of the baseline and target working conditions, respectively, and e and f represent the control parameters of the ice strength correction operator.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the maximum ice load data at different locations on the surface of the underwater vehicle, its spatial distribution characteristics are obtained, including: The surface of the underwater vehicle is divided into grids to form multiple surface units; Obtain the maximum ice load data for each surface unit throughout the ice-breaking process; Based on the location of each surface unit and its corresponding maximum ice load data, the spatial distribution characteristics are determined.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the underwater vehicle is divided into grids, including: The underwater vehicle is divided into segments along its length, and each segment is further divided along its length and width to form surface units.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spatial distribution characteristics are as follows: The maximum ice load forms local peaks in different segmented regions on the surface of the underwater vehicle and decays in directions away from the center of each segmented region.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The baseline spatial distribution function is obtained by fitting a parameterized function, including: Multiple Lorentz functions with local peaks and decaying along both sides are superimposed and fitted to obtain the baseline spatial distribution function.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of dip angle, ice thickness, velocity, and ice intensity are constructed respectively, including: Tilt angle correction operator and ice thickness correction operator are constructed, and their control parameters are obtained by fitting the peak ice load data under the corresponding working conditions.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The system also includes constructing correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of dip angle, ice thickness, velocity, and ice intensity, and further includes: A velocity correction operator and an ice intensity correction operator are constructed, and their control parameters are obtained by fitting the peak ice load data under the corresponding working conditions.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: When applied to different types of underwater vehicles, the reference spatial distribution function and / or the control parameters of each correction operator are refitted based on the ice load data of the new type.

9. A system for calculating the icebreaking load of an underwater vehicle, characterized in that, include: The spatial distribution feature acquisition module is used to acquire the spatial distribution features of an underwater vehicle based on the maximum ice load data at different locations on its surface. The benchmark function fitting module is used to obtain a benchmark spatial distribution function by fitting a parametric function based on the spatial distribution characteristics. The benchmark spatial distribution function is used to characterize the benchmark distribution of the maximum ice load on the surface of the underwater vehicle. The correction operator construction module is used to construct correction operators corresponding to the working condition variables of tilt angle, ice thickness, velocity and ice intensity, respectively. The control parameters of each correction operator are obtained by fitting the ice load data under the corresponding working condition. The load calculation formula generation module is used to combine the tilt angle correction operator, ice thickness correction operator, velocity correction operator and ice intensity correction operator with the reference spatial distribution function to form a calculation formula for calculating the maximum ice load at various locations on the surface of the underwater vehicle under different tilt angles, ice thicknesses, velocities and ice intensities. The calculation formula is as follows: ； In the formula, F represents the combined reference spatial distribution function, x1~x4 represent the coordinates of the ice load center of each segment, w1~w4 represent the range of action in the x-direction, w5 represents the range of action in the y-direction, and A1~A4 represent the load amplitude of each segment. The tilt angle correction operator is defined as follows: θ0 and θ represent the tilt angle values ​​of the baseline and target operating conditions, respectively, and α represents the control parameter of the tilt angle correction operator. Let represent the ice thickness correction operator, where h0 and h represent the ice thickness under the baseline and target conditions, respectively, and b represents the control parameter of the ice thickness correction operator. The speed correction operator is defined as follows: v0 and v represent the ice-breaking speeds under the baseline and target operating conditions, respectively, and c and d represent the control parameters of the speed correction operator. Let represent the ice strength correction operator, where σ0 and σ represent the ice strength of the baseline and target working conditions, respectively, and e and f represent the control parameters of the ice strength correction operator.

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