Low-temperature adaptive lithium battery-super capacitor composite automobile emergency starting power supply

Abstract

This invention discloses a low-temperature adaptive lithium battery-supercapacitor composite automotive emergency jump starter, comprising a lithium battery pack, a supercapacitor pack, and an intelligent management module. It employs a parallel, coordinated structure where the supercapacitor handles the instantaneous high starting current, while the lithium battery provides continuous power supply and replenishment. The supercapacitor exhibits no capacity decay in low-temperature environments, solving the problem of weak starting performance in traditional lithium batteries at low temperatures; the lithium battery is not subjected to high-current surges, improving safety and lifespan. This invention is suitable for 12V / 24V vehicles, offering fast starting, low-temperature resistance, and high reliability, making it suitable for use in extremely cold regions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to automotive emergency jump starter technology, and more particularly to a composite emergency jump starter that combines a lithium battery and a supercapacitor in parallel operation and is resistant to low-temperature degradation. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional car jump starters generally use lithium batteries, but they have the following drawbacks: - The capacity of lithium batteries decreases sharply at low temperatures, and the starting current weakens; - High-current pulses directly impact lithium batteries, causing them to overheat, bulge, and have a shortened lifespan; - A single lithium battery cannot simultaneously meet the requirements of "instantaneous high current" and "continuous power supply".

[0003] Supercapacitors (farad capacitors) have advantages such as instantaneous high current, wide temperature range, no attenuation, and extremely long life, but their discharge time is extremely short and they cannot work continuously on their own. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a composite structure in which a lithium battery provides continuous power and a supercapacitor provides instantaneous startup, thus solving the problem of low-temperature startup.

[0005] 3.1 Technical Solution - Supercapacitor bank: can withstand instantaneous high starting current (300A-1500A), and does not decay at -40℃.

[0006] - Lithium battery pack: Provides continuous energy, replenishment, and standby power, and is not susceptible to high current surges.

[0007] - Intelligent management module: automatic power allocation, pre-charged supercapacitor, reverse connection protection, overcurrent protection, and over-discharge protection.

[0008] - Parallel structure: The supercapacitor and the lithium battery are connected in parallel, but their operating timing is separate and they do not interfere with each other.

[0009] 3.2 Working Principle 1. Standby: The lithium battery powers the system and pre-charges the supercapacitor.

[0010] 2. At startup: The supercapacitor releases a large current to complete the ignition.

[0011] 3. After startup: The lithium battery automatically recharges the supercapacitor, restoring its startup capability for the next time.

[0012] 4. Low temperature: Supercapacitors are not affected by temperature and still output full power. Attached Figure Description Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention, including a 7-cell ternary lithium battery pack, a 16V supercapacitor pack, a 28V supercapacitor pack, and an output control MOS transistor. The four cells in the lithium battery pack, from B- to B4, power the 16V supercapacitor bank. The three cells, B4 to B7+, power the 28V supercapacitor bank. The two sets of supercapacitors correspond to 12V and 24V vehicle start-up outputs, respectively. Figure 2 This is a voltage segmented power supply topology diagram of the present invention; A 16V supercapacitor is connected between B- and B4 of the lithium battery pack, and is supplied with 16.8V by 4 series cells; A 28V supercapacitor is connected between cells B4 and B7+ of the lithium battery pack, providing 12.6V voltage from three series of cells. The two sections are connected in series to form a total voltage of 29.4V, which powers the 28V supercapacitor bank. Figure 3 Work process.

Claims

1. A low-temperature adaptive lithium battery-supercapacitor composite automotive emergency jump starter, characterized in that, include: Lithium battery pack, supercapacitor pack, intelligent charge and discharge management module, output terminals, temperature detection unit, control switch unit; The supercapacitor pack and the lithium battery pack adopt a parallel cooperative structure; The supercapacitor bank is dedicated to providing a high-current start-up pulse, while the lithium battery bank is used for continuous power supply and replenishment.

2. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: Supercapacitor banks can stably output large instantaneous currents in environments ranging from -40℃ to 60℃, unaffected by low-temperature capacity decay.

3. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: At startup, the supercapacitor independently outputs the startup current, and the lithium battery pack does not participate in the large current pulse, only replenishing energy after startup or during standby.

4. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent charge and discharge management module monitors voltage, current, and temperature in real time, and automatically controls the supercapacitor's pre-charge, current limiting, reverse connection protection, and over-discharge protection.

5. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supercapacitor discharges in 1 to 5 seconds. After startup, the lithium battery pack immediately provides continuous power and recharges the supercapacitor.

6. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: Supports 12V / 24V adaptive switching, compatible with passenger cars, trucks, construction machinery, and ship starting.

7. The power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that: Lithium-ion battery packs provide only a small, continuous current output, avoiding high-rate discharge and significantly improving lifespan and safety.

8. A control method for a composite power supply according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that... Including the following steps: (1) When the system is powered on, the temperature detection unit determines the ambient temperature; (2) The intelligent module precharges the supercapacitor to its operating voltage; (3) When the supercapacitor is activated, it releases a large current instantaneously; (4) After startup, the lithium battery pack recharges the supercapacitor and maintains the power supply to the system; (5) Automatically increase the pre-charge voltage of the supercapacitor in low-temperature environments to compensate for the start-up voltage drop.

Images