A method and device for soil erosion prevention and soil fixation by ecological planting of multiple crops on sloping land

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a slope farmland multi-crop ecological planting soil-fixing and erosion-preventing method and equipment, and relates to the field of agriculture. The equipment comprises a rack, wheels, a driving assembly and a ramming mechanism; the wheels are installed on the rack; the driving assembly and the ramming mechanism are respectively installed on the rack; the driving assembly is controlled to drive the ramming mechanism to reciprocate in the left-right direction at both ends, so that the soil slope on the corresponding positions on both sides is flattened; the driving assembly comprises a frame, a bevel gear disc, an extension rod, a rotating rod, a bevel gear and a motor; the frame is in the shape of a Chinese character; the bevel gear disc is installed on the inner wall of the frame in a symmetrical manner and rotates on the upper and lower sides; the outer side of the surface of the bevel gear disc is provided with bevel gear teeth; and the extension rod is installed at the eccentric position of the bevel gear disc. The equipment can compact the side walls of the ridge bodies on both sides of the ridge ditch, and can adjust the inclination angle of the ramming plate to adapt to the side walls of the ridge bodies.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the agricultural field, specifically to a method and equipment for soil stabilization and erosion prevention in ecological planting of multiple crops on sloping farmland. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, agricultural production on sloping farmland in my country's low mountain and hilly areas has long been constrained by soil erosion. Soil erosion leads to a decline in soil fertility and water loss, which not only affects crop yield and quality but also disrupts the ecological balance. Intercropping and crop rotation have become important ways to balance food production and ecological protection. There is an urgent need to provide specialized soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment and scientific planting methods to achieve the goal of sustainable agricultural development that combines land use with land conservation and balances high yield with ecological benefits.

[0003] Currently, agricultural equipment used for multi-crop planting, including combined tillage machines, standalone ridging machines, compaction equipment, and simple tamping devices, mainly includes rotary tillage machines, standalone ridging machines, compaction equipment, and simple soil compaction devices. Among them, combined tillage machines can integrate rotary tillage, ridging, and compaction, and are currently the mainstream tillage equipment. Some models are adapted to the needs of large-ridge planting. They break up the soil with rotary tillage blades, form ridges with ridging plows, and compact the soil with compaction wheels, bringing the soil to a ready-to-sow state.

[0004] However, in practice, it is usually necessary to plant appropriate crops in the furrows between the ridges to play a role in soil stabilization and preventing erosion. The planting period is usually one to several months after the crops on the ridges are planted. During this period, the ridge structure becomes unstable, and soil debris often falls off the side walls of the ridges, affecting the normal germination and growth of the crops in the ridges. Furthermore, there is currently no land preparation equipment suitable for the ridges, so manual land preparation is required.

[0005] Based on this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] According to embodiments of the present invention, a method and equipment for soil stabilization and erosion prevention through multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland are provided. This addresses the problems existing in the background.

[0007] In a first aspect of the present invention, a soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland is provided.

[0008] The soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland includes: frame, wheels, drive components, and soil tamping mechanism; The wheels are mounted on the frame; the drive assembly and the soil compaction mechanism are respectively mounted on the frame; the drive assembly is controlled to drive the soil compaction mechanism to move back and forth in the left and right directions at both ends, so as to flatten the soil slope at the corresponding positions on both sides. The drive assembly includes: a frame, a bevel gear disk, an extension rod, a rotating rod, a bevel gear, and a motor; The border is arranged in a C-shape; there are two bevel gear discs, which are symmetrically and rotatably mounted on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the border, and bevel gear teeth are arranged on the outer side of the surface of the bevel gear discs; the extension rod is mounted at the eccentric position of the bevel gear disc; one end of the rotating rod is rotatably mounted on the extension rod; the bevel gear is rotatably mounted on the inner side wall of the border and is in meshing connection with the two bevel gear discs respectively; the motor is mounted on the side wall of the border, and the output end is connected with the bevel gear.

[0009] Preferably, the frame comprises a cross beam, a connecting plate and a traction hook; There are a plurality of cross beams, which are arranged parallel to each other respectively; the plurality of cross beams are connected into an integral structure through connecting plates respectively; the traction hook is mounted on the cross beam at the front end; There are four wheels, every two of which form a group and are respectively mounted on the front and rear cross beams.

[0010] Preferably, the driving assembly further comprises a fixed arm; The fixed arm is mounted in the middle of one of the cross beams, and the border is mounted on the lower surface of the fixed arm.

[0011] Preferably, the ramming mechanism comprises a sleeve, a first connecting seat, a fixing plate, a rotating arm, a lead screw, a moving seat, an auxiliary rod, a second connecting seat, a ramming plate and a connecting arm; There are two sleeves, which are symmetrically slidably mounted at both ends of the cross beam; the first connecting seat is rotatably mounted at the end of the sleeve; there are two fixing plates, which are symmetrically mounted on the lower surface of the sleeve respectively; the lead screw is rotatably mounted between the two fixing plates; the moving seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw; one end of the auxiliary rod is rotatably mounted on the moving seat; the second connecting seat is rotatably mounted on the other end of the auxiliary rod; the ramming plate is connected with the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat; one end of the connecting arm is fixedly connected with the sleeve, and the other end is rotatably connected with the other end of the rotating rod; The rotating arm is rotatably mounted on one fixing plate and connected with the lead screw.

[0012] Preferably, the ramming plate is inclined inward from top to bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the ramming mechanism further comprises a sliding rod; The sliding rod is mounted between the two fixing plates and is slidably connected with the moving seat.

[0014] Preferably, the plowing assembly is further comprised; the plowing assembly is mounted on the cross beam; The plowing assembly comprises a shovel plate and a leveling plate; There are several shovels, which are installed at equal intervals on the crossbeam, and the bottom end of the shovel is wedge-shaped; the paving board is installed on the crossbeam and is located behind the shovels.

[0015] Preferably, it further includes: a tilling assembly; the tilling assembly is mounted on a crossbeam; The tilling assembly includes: a shovel and a leveling assembly; There are several shovels, which are installed at equal intervals on the crossbeam, and the bottom end of the shovel is wedge-shaped. The leveling component is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam through a connector.

[0016] Preferably, the leveling assembly includes: a rotating shaft, an end plate, a crossbar, a first pressing block, a second pressing block, a driving rod, a fixed shaft, a rocker arm, and a sliding rod; The two ends of the rotating shaft are respectively rotatably mounted on the connectors connected to the crossbeam; there are two end plates, which are symmetrically mounted on the rotating shaft; there are several sets of cross frames, which are equidistantly mounted between the two end plates along the circumference; the first extrusion block and the second extrusion block are respectively slidably mounted in the cross frame; the driving rods are respectively mounted on the side of the first extrusion block and the second extrusion block facing the rotating shaft; there are several fixed shafts, which are equidistantly mounted between the two end plates along the circumference; there are several rocker rods, which are rotatably mounted on several fixed shafts, and two slots are symmetrically opened on the rocker rods; the sliding rods are respectively mounted on the first extrusion block and the second extrusion block, and are slidably mounted in the slots.

[0017] In a second aspect of the invention, a method for soil stabilization and erosion prevention through multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland is provided.

[0018] The method includes: Step 1, land preparation; making the soil form equally spaced trapezoidal ridges with a ridge spacing of 120-130cm; Step 2: Seed selection; Choose corn and soybean varieties; Step 3, sowing; corn is planted in two rows on the ridges with a row spacing of 40cm; soybeans are planted in four rows on the ridges with a row spacing of 20cm; the intercropping pattern adopts a corn:soybean row ratio of 2:2, 2:4, 4:4, 4:8 or 8:8 for strip intercropping; Step 4: Fertilize; Step 5: Weeding; 3-5 days after sowing, spray the soil with a general-purpose herbicide for corn and soybeans; Step 6: Intertillage and land preparation; One month after the corn and soybeans emerge, place the multi-crop ecological planting soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment on the sloping farmland in the furrow, adjust the 508 tilt angle of the tamping plate to fit the side wall of the ridge, and then use a tractor to pull the equipment along the furrow to achieve the effects of loosening the soil, removing weeds and compacting the side wall of the ridge. Step 7: Planting ryegrass; Plant ryegrass in furrows using the row sowing method.

[0019] One or more technical solutions provided in this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. The present invention provides a soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland. By rotating the bevel gear, two bevel gear discs rotate in opposite directions, which in turn causes the rotating rod to drive the connecting arm to move back and forth, thereby realizing the compaction of the side walls of the ridge by the tamping plate. At the same time, by rotating the lead screw and adjusting the position of the moving seat, the tilt angle of the tamping plate is adjusted by the pulling of the auxiliary rod to adapt to the side walls of the ridge.

[0020] 2. The multi-crop ecological planting soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment for sloping farmland in this invention uses a flat component that moves and rolls while adhering to the ground. At this time, the first and second extrusion blocks alternately press against the soil surface, which not only flattens the surface soil and prevents the soil surface from being too loose, but also prevents the soil from being pressed into a prismatic shape.

[0021] It should be understood that the description in the Summary of the Invention is not intended to limit the key or essential features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor is it intended to restrict the scope of the invention. Other features of the invention will become readily apparent from the following description. Attached Figure Description

[0022] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the various embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements, wherein: Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 2 An exploded structural diagram of a soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 3 A front view of the drive assembly and ramming mechanism of a multi-crop ecological planting soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for sloping farmland according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 4 A side view of the drive assembly of a multi-crop ecological planting soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for sloping farmland according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 5 An enlarged view of point A is shown of a soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 A front view of a soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the paving component of a soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown. Figure 8 A cross-sectional view of the leveling component of a multi-crop ecological planting soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for sloping farmland according to another embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0023] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Frame; 2. Wheels; 3. Plowing assembly; 301. Shovel; 302. Paving board; 4. Drive assembly; 101. Crossbeam; 102. Connecting plate; 103. Traction hook; 401. Fixed arm; 402. Frame; 403. Bevel gear disc; 404. Extension rod; 405. Rotating rod; 406. Bevel gear; 407. Motor; 5. Soil compaction mechanism; 501. Sleeve; 502. First connecting seat; 50 3. Fixed plate; 5031. Rotating arm; 504. Lead screw; 505. Moving seat; 506. Auxiliary rod; 507. Second connecting seat; 508. Ramming plate; 509. Connecting arm; 5010. Sliding rod; 6. Leveling assembly; 61. Rotating shaft; 62. End plate; 63. Cross frame; 64. First pressing block; 65. Second pressing block; 66. Driving rod; 67. Fixed shaft; 68. Rocking rod; 69. Sliding rod. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] Furthermore, the term "and / or" in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, or B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0026] Example 1

[0027] In reality, conventionally flat plots have relatively low soil erosion and loss due to their flat terrain and lack of rainwater runoff. Basic land preparation and sowing are usually sufficient to meet most planting needs. However, sloping farmland has a natural slope, making it highly susceptible to surface water runoff after rainfall. This water erodes the loose ridges and topsoil, causing soil stripping, ridge collapse, and water and fertilizer loss – a core challenge hindering agricultural production on slopes. Therefore, there is a need for equipment and methods that can significantly improve the structural stability of ridges on sloping farmland by compacting the ridge surface and leveling and compacting the topsoil. Combined with ryegrass in the furrows for soil stabilization and a crop rotation system, this can effectively block surface runoff and resist rainwater erosion. Therefore, this embodiment of the solution is proposed, effectively addressing the industry's shortcoming that traditional land preparation equipment cannot be adapted to erosion and soil stabilization on sloping farmland.

[0028] like Figures 1-5 As shown, a soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland is provided. This device is used for stabilizing the furrows between two adjacent ridges during the inter-cultivation stage. During this stage, due to the considerable time elapsed since the initial ridging, weeds grow in the furrows, and the soil on both sides of the ridges becomes loose. When crops are planted in the furrows, the collapsed protrusions from the loosened ridges can negatively impact the healthy growth of the crops. This soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland includes: a frame 1, a plowing assembly 3, wheels 2, a drive assembly 4, and a soil tamping mechanism 5. The plowing assembly 3, wheels 2, drive assembly 4, and soil tamping mechanism 5 are all connected to the frame 1.

[0029] The frame 1 includes: crossbeams 101, connecting plates 102, and towing hooks 103. There are several crossbeams 101, arranged parallel to each other. These crossbeams 101 are fixedly connected by welding to the connecting plates 102 to form a rigid frame structure. The towing hook 103 is installed on the front crossbeam 101, and is used to connect with tractors or other power machinery. There are four wheels 2, arranged in pairs, installed on the front and rear crossbeams 101 respectively, providing walking support and steering. The plowing assembly 3 is installed on the crossbeams 101. The plowing assembly 3 includes: shovels 301 and paving plates 302. There are several shovels 301, equidistantly installed along the length of the crossbeams 101. The bottom of each shovel 301 is wedge-shaped to facilitate soil penetration, cutting weed roots, clearing weeds, and turning the soil. The paving plate 302 is installed on the crossbeam 101 and is located behind the shovel plate 301. It is used to initially spread and level the soil loosened by the shovel plate 301, so that the ground soil base is uniform.

[0030] Drive component 4 is controlled to drive the soil compaction mechanism 5 to move back and forth in the left and right directions at both ends, thereby flattening the soil slope at corresponding positions on both sides. (Reference) Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4The drive assembly 4 includes: a fixed arm 401, a frame 402, a bevel gear disk 403, an extension rod 404, a rotating rod 405, a bevel gear 406, and a motor 407. The fixed arm 401 is mounted in the middle of one of the crossbeams 101, and the frame 402 is mounted on the lower surface of the fixed arm 401. The frame 402 is U-shaped. There are two bevel gear disks 403, symmetrically mounted on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the frame 402, with bevel teeth on the outer surface of the bevel gear disks 403. The extension rod 404 is mounted at an eccentric position on the bevel gear disks 403. One end of the rotating rod 405 is rotatably mounted on the extension rod 404. The bevel gear 406 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the frame 402 and meshes with both bevel gear disks 403. The motor 407 is mounted on the side wall of the frame 402, and its output end is connected to the bevel gear 406.

[0031] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 5 The tamping mechanism 5 includes: a sleeve 501, a first connecting seat 502, a fixing plate 503, a rotating arm 5031, a lead screw 504, a movable seat 505, an auxiliary rod 506, a second connecting seat 507, a tamping plate 508, a connecting arm 509, and a sliding rod 5010. There are two sleeves 501, symmetrically slidably mounted at both ends of the crossbeam 101; the first connecting seat 502 is rotatably mounted at the end of the sleeve 501. There are two fixing plates 503, symmetrically mounted on the lower surface of the sleeve 501. The lead screw 504 is rotatably mounted between the two fixing plates 503. The movable seat 505 is threadedly connected to the lead screw 504. One end of the auxiliary rod 506 is rotatably mounted on the movable seat 505. The second connecting seat 507 is rotatably mounted on the other end of the auxiliary rod 506. The tamping plate 508 is connected to the first connecting seat 502 and the second connecting seat 507, and the tamping plate 508 is inclined inwards from top to bottom to conform to the slope shape of the ridge on both sides. One end of the connecting arm 509 is fixedly connected to the sleeve 501, and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the rotating rod 405. The sliding rod 5010 is installed between two fixed plates 503 and is slidably connected to the movable seat 505 to guide and prevent the movable seat 505 from rotating on its own. The rotating arm 5031 is rotatably installed on a fixed plate 503 and is connected to the lead screw 504.

[0032] In practical use, firstly, rotating the rotating arm 5031 drives the lead screw 504 to rotate, which in turn drives the moving seat 505 to move. By pulling the auxiliary rod 506, the tilt angle of the tamping plate 508 is changed to adapt to the slope of the ridge. Then, after the motor 407 is started, it drives the bevel gear 406 to rotate, which in turn drives the two bevel gear discs 403 to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, so that the extension rod 404 makes a circular motion. Through the cooperation of the rotating rod 405 and the connecting arm 509, the sleeve 501 drives the tamping plate 508 to move back and forth, thereby realizing that the tamping plates 508 on both sides move synchronously in opposite directions, and simultaneously tamping and flattening the side walls of the ridge on both sides.

[0033] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for soil stabilization and erosion prevention through multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland, comprising: Step 1: Land preparation. Use a combined tillage machine to perform rotary tillage, ridging, and compaction to form equally spaced trapezoidal ridges with a ridge spacing of 120-130cm.

[0034] Step 2: Seed Selection. Select corn and soybean varieties approved by the provincial-level or higher crop variety approval committee, with seed purity of no less than 98% and germination rate of no less than 90%. For corn, select high-yielding varieties with compact plant type, tolerance to dense planting and lodging resistance, and disease resistance; for soybeans, select high-yielding varieties with good shade tolerance, lodging resistance, and suitable plant height.

[0035] Step 3: Sowing. Sow when the soil temperature at a depth of 5cm consistently exceeds 8℃. Sow corn in double rows on ridges with a row spacing of 40cm; sow soybeans in four rows on ridges with a row spacing of 20cm. Intercropping patterns using a corn:soybean row ratio of 2:2, 2:4, 4:4, 4:8, or 8:8 can be used for strip intercropping. The following year, plant soybeans in corn rows and corn in soybean rows, alternating between them. This corn-soybean rotation in the same plot improves soil structure and suppresses soil-borne diseases.

[0036] Step 4: Fertilization. For corn, the fertilizer application rate is 240 kg / ha of N, 100 kg / ha of P2O5, and 100 kg / ha of K2O, using a 1:1 ratio of readily available nitrogen to controlled-release nitrogen as a single application as base fertilizer. For soybeans, the fertilizer application rate is 30 kg / ha of N, 50 kg / ha of P2O5, and 50 kg / ha of K2O, using readily available fertilizer as a single application as base fertilizer.

[0037] Step 5: Weed Control. Pesticides should be applied strictly according to their intended use, method, and dosage. 3-5 days after sowing, select a general-purpose herbicide for corn and soybeans. In this example, a combination of pyrimethanil and acetochlor (or isopropachlor, pendimethalin) is used for soil spraying to provide pre-emergence weed control. For foliar weed control, strict physical isolation and targeted application are necessary to prevent drift and phytotoxicity.

[0038] Step Six: Intertillage and Land Preparation. One month after the emergence of corn and soybean seedlings, when the corn enters the 8-leaf stage and the soybean begins to flower, place the multi-crop ecological planting soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment in the furrows of sloping farmland. Adjust the tamping plate to a 50° angle to fit the sidewalls of the ridges. Then, use tractors or other traction equipment to pull the equipment along the furrows to achieve the effects of loosening the soil, removing weeds, and compacting the sidewalls of the ridges.

[0039] Step 7: Planting Ryegrass. Plant ryegrass in furrows using a row sowing method, with a seeding rate of 10–15 g / m². The ryegrass root system helps to hold the soil in the furrows, reducing rainwater erosion and soil loss, while also increasing field cover.

[0040] Step 8: Chemical control. Apply paclobutrazol or chlormequat chloride to corn when it has 7-10 leaves for chemical control treatment, and apply tebuconazole to soybeans at the beginning of flowering for chemical control treatment.

[0041] Step Nine, Harvesting. Corn should be harvested within 7-15 days of physiological maturity, generally in early October. Choose a harvester that matches the number of rows and row spacing of the corn. Soybeans should be harvested when all leaves have fallen and the beans are round, generally at the end of September. Choose a harvester suitable for the width of the soybean strip.

[0042] Step 10: Returning Straw to the Field. When harvesting corn and soybean grains, simultaneously complete the crushing and spreading of crop straw. Use a straw crushing and returning machine to perform secondary crushing of corn straw and crushing of the above-ground parts of rye grass before returning it to the field. After harvest or when soil moisture is suitable in spring, apply livestock and poultry manure locally, at a rate of 30 m³ / hm² to 45 m³ / hm², depending on the actual conditions.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] refer to Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 The difference between this embodiment and the previous one is that the plowing component 3 includes a shovel 301 and a leveling component 6, which is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam 101 via a connector. The leveling component 6 flattens the plowed soil surface by pressing, preventing the surface soil from being too loose, and ensuring that the soil will not be washed away due to excessive looseness when watering is carried out before planting ryegrass, thus preventing damage to the flatness of the soil.

[0045] The leveling assembly 6 includes: a rotating shaft 61, end plates 62, crossbeams 63, a first pressing block 64, a second pressing block 65, a drive rod 66, a fixed shaft 67, a rocker arm 68, and a sliding rod 69. The two ends of the rotating shaft 61 are rotatably mounted on connectors connected to the crossbeam 101. There are two end plates 62, symmetrically mounted on the rotating shaft 61, forming a rotatable integral structure. Several sets of crossbeams 63 are equidistantly mounted circumferentially between the two end plates 62, with each set of crossbeams 63 forming two identical grooves. The first pressing block 64 and the second pressing block 65 are slidably mounted in the two grooves within the crossbeams 63, allowing them to slide radially along the end plates 62. The drive rod 66 is mounted on the side of the first pressing block 64 and the second pressing block 65 facing the rotating shaft 61. There are several fixed shafts 67, which are equidistantly installed between two end plates 62 along the circumference. There are several rocker arms 68, which are rotatably installed on several fixed shafts 67. Two slots are symmetrically opened on the rocker arms 68. Slide rods 69 are installed on the first extrusion block 64 and the second extrusion block 65 respectively, and are slidably installed in the slots. In practical use, when either the first pressing block 64 or the second pressing block 65 is subjected to force and moves towards the rotating shaft 61, the other of the first pressing block 64 and the second pressing block 65 can be driven to move away from the rotating shaft 61 through the cooperation of the sliding rod 69 and the rocker arm 68. This ensures that when the entire device moves, the leveling component 6 moves in contact with the ground, thereby causing the rotating shaft 61 and the end plate 62 to roll as a whole. At this time, one of the first pressing blocks 64 and the second pressing block 65 in contact with the ground presses the ground while retracting, and the other adjacent one extends to press the adjacent raised soil surface. This alternating process not only flattens the surface soil and prevents the soil surface from becoming too loose, but also prevents the soil from being pressed into a prismatic shape. It is worth noting that several sets of first pressing blocks 64, second pressing blocks 65, driving rods 66, rocker arms 68 and sliding rods 69 are arranged circumferentially to form an independent unit, and several units are arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 61 to match the width of the furrow between two adjacent ridges.

[0046] The specific embodiments described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations, and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A soil stabilization and erosion prevention device for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland, characterized in that, include: The frame (1), wheels (2), drive assembly (4) and earth-tamping mechanism (5); The wheels (2) are mounted on the frame (1); the drive assembly (4) and the soil compaction mechanism (5) are respectively mounted on the frame (1); the drive assembly (4) is controlled to drive the soil compaction mechanism (5) to move back and forth in the left and right directions at both ends, so as to flatten the soil slope at the corresponding positions on both sides. The drive assembly (4) includes: a frame (402), a bevel gear disk (403), an extension rod (404), a rotating rod (405), a bevel gear (406), and a motor (407). The frame (402) is arranged in a U-shape; there are two bevel gear disks (403), which are symmetrically and rotatably installed on the upper and lower sides of the inner wall of the frame (402), and bevel teeth are provided on the outer side of the surface of the bevel gear disks (403); the extension rod (404) is installed at the eccentric position of the bevel gear disks (403); one end of the rotating rod (405) is rotatably installed on the extension rod (404); the bevel gear (406) is rotatably installed on the inner side wall of the frame (402) and meshes with the two bevel gear disks (403) respectively; the motor (407) is installed on the side wall of the frame (402), and its output end is connected to the bevel gear (406); The frame (1) includes: a crossbeam (101), a connecting plate (102), and a traction hook (103); There are several crossbeams (101), which are arranged parallel to each other; the several crossbeams (101) are connected into an integral structure by connecting plates (102); the traction hook (103) is installed on the crossbeam (101) located at the front end; There are four wheels (2), two in each group, which are installed on the front and rear crossbeams (101) respectively; It also includes: a plowing assembly (3); the plowing assembly (3) is mounted on a crossbeam (101); The tilling assembly (3) includes: a shovel (301) and a leveling assembly (6); There are several shovels (301), which are installed at equal intervals on the crossbeam (101), and the bottom end of the shovel (301) is wedge-shaped. The leveling component (6) is installed at the bottom of the crossbeam (101) through a connector. The paving assembly (6) includes: a pivot (61), an end plate (62), a crossbar (63), a first pressing block (64), a second pressing block (65), a drive rod (66), a fixed shaft (67), a rocker arm (68), and a slide rod (69). The two ends of the rotating shaft (61) are respectively rotatably mounted on the connector connected to the crossbeam (101); there are two end plates (62), which are symmetrically mounted on the rotating shaft (61); there are several sets of cross frames (63), which are respectively equidistantly mounted between the two end plates (62) along the circumference; the first extrusion block (64) and the second extrusion block (65) are respectively slidably mounted in the cross frame (63); the driving rod (66) is respectively mounted on the side of the first extrusion block (64) and the second extrusion block (65) facing the rotating shaft (61); there are several fixed shafts (67), which are respectively equidistantly mounted between the two end plates (62) along the circumference; there are several rocker rods (68), which are respectively rotatably mounted on several fixed shafts (67), and two slots are symmetrically opened on the rocker rods (68); the sliding rods (69) are respectively mounted on the first extrusion block (64) and the second extrusion block (65), and are slidably mounted in the slots.

2. The soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly (4) also includes a fixed arm (401). The fixed arm (401) is installed in the middle of one of the crossbeams (101), and the frame (402) is installed on the lower surface of the fixed arm (401).

3. The soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ramming mechanism (5) includes: sleeve (501), first connecting seat (502), fixed plate (503), rotating arm (5031), screw (504), moving seat (505), auxiliary rod (506), second connecting seat (507), ramming plate (508) and connecting arm (509); There are two sleeves (501), which are symmetrically slidably installed at both ends of the crossbeam (101); the first connecting seat (502) is rotatably installed at the end of the sleeve (501); there are two fixing plates (503), which are symmetrically installed on the lower surface of the sleeve (501); the lead screw (504) is rotatably installed between the two fixing plates (503); the movable seat (505) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (504); one end of the auxiliary rod (506) is rotatably installed on the movable seat (505); the second connecting seat (507) is rotatably installed on the other end of the auxiliary rod (506); the tamping plate (508) is connected to the first connecting seat (502) and the second connecting seat (507); one end of the connecting arm (509) is fixedly connected to the sleeve (501), and the other end is rotatably connected to the other end of the rotating rod (405); The rotating arm (5031) is rotatably mounted on a fixed plate (503) and connected to the lead screw (504).

4. The soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland according to claim 3, characterized in that, The ramming plate (508) is inclined inward from top to bottom.

5. The soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland according to claim 4, characterized in that, The ramming mechanism (5) also includes: sliding rod (5010); The sliding rod (5010) is installed between two fixed plates (503) and is slidably connected to the movable seat (505).

6. A method for soil stabilization and erosion prevention through multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland, the implementation of which relies on the soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment for multi-crop ecological planting on sloping farmland as described in claim 5, characterized in that... include: Step 1: Land preparation; make the soil form equally spaced trapezoidal ridges with a ridge spacing of 120-130cm; Step 2: Seed selection; Choose corn and soybean varieties; Step 3: Sowing; Corn is planted in two rows on the ridges with a row spacing of 40cm; Soybeans are planted in four rows on the ridges with a row spacing of 20cm. Step 4: Fertilize; Step 5: Weeding; 3-5 days after sowing, spray the soil with a general-purpose herbicide for corn and soybeans; Step 6: Intertillage and land preparation; One month after the corn and soybeans emerge, place the multi-crop ecological planting soil stabilization and erosion prevention equipment on the sloping farmland in the furrow, adjust the inclination angle of the tamping plate (508) to fit the side wall of the ridge, and then use a tractor to pull the equipment along the furrow to achieve the effects of loosening the soil, removing weeds and tamping the side wall of the ridge. Step 7: Planting ryegrass; Plant ryegrass in furrows using the row sowing method.

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