Hilly mountain tobacco full-automatic layered harvesting machine

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of hilly mountain tobacco full-automatic layered harvesting machine, including rack, track installed at the bottom of rack, cab installed at the front side of rack, support installed above rack, side plate installed at the top of support, connecting frame installed at the rear side of side plate and tobacco collecting bin installed at the rear side of connecting frame, the number of the side plate is two, the side of two The side plate close to each other is provided with clamping groove, the both sides of the rack are provided with fixed frame, and the upper surface of the fixed frame is provided with belt elevator.The tobacco of three tobacco can be picked up simultaneously by setting the leaf stripping mechanism, and the upper leaf, middle leaf and lower leaf of each tobacco are collected in three steps, so as to realize the effect of tobacco layered classification collection;By setting the conveying mechanism, the outer cover and the tobacco collecting bin, the tobacco after layered picking can be classified, conveyed and stored.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tobacco harvesting technology, specifically to a fully automated stratified tobacco harvesting machine for hilly and mountainous areas. Background Technology

[0002] Tobacco is a plant of the nightshade family used to make cigarettes and cigars. In the hilly and mountainous areas of my country, agricultural yields are low, so locals often use tobacco to grow. Mature tobacco stalks are straight, and the leaves are distributed alternately from top to bottom. According to the growth position of the leaves on the stalk, tobacco leaves can be divided into three types: upper leaves, middle leaves, and lower leaves. Among them, the middle leaves have a lower nicotine content, are more flexible, and are easier to cut into tobacco shreds. They are the highest quality of the three types of leaves, followed by the upper leaves, and the lower leaves are the lowest quality. Leaves from different positions can be used to make cigarettes of different costs.

[0003] Existing tobacco harvesting methods are generally divided into two types: manual harvesting and mechanical harvesting. Manual harvesting allows for the sorting and harvesting of upper, middle, and lower leaves by hand, but it is slow and costly. Mechanical harvesting often uses harvesting machines for automatic harvesting, which achieve the harvesting purpose through steps such as leaf removal, conveying, and collection. However, during the harvesting process, machines have difficulty distinguishing between upper, middle, and lower leaves, and usually remove all leaves from the entire plant at once, making it difficult to achieve the effect of stratified and classified tobacco harvesting. This results in the three types of leaves being mixed together. Considering the impact of the upper and lower growth of leaves on tobacco quality, additional manual sorting is still required later. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fully automated stratified tobacco harvesting machine for hilly and mountainous areas to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a fully automatic layered tobacco harvesting machine for hilly and mountainous areas, comprising a frame, a track installed at the bottom of the frame, a cab installed at the front of the frame, a support installed above the frame, a side plate installed at the top of the support, a connecting frame installed at the rear of the side plate, and a tobacco leaf collection bin installed at the rear of the connecting frame. There are two side plates, each with a slot on one side close to the other. Fixing frames are installed on both sides of the frame. A belt elevator is installed on the upper surface of the fixing frame, and a conveying mechanism is installed above the belt elevator. An outer cover is installed on the fixing frame covering the belt elevator. A lifting plate is provided between the two side plates, and a leaf-removing mechanism is connected to the bottom of the lifting plate. A lifting drive mechanism is installed inside the side plate. The leaf-removing mechanism includes a fixed rod, a plug rod connected to the bottom of the fixed rod, an adjusting rod below the fixed rod, a top screw penetrating the side wall of the adjusting rod, and a leaf-removing ring connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod. There are three leaf-removing mechanisms, which are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the lifting plate. The three leaf-removing rings are arranged in a stepped manner in the vertical direction.

[0006] Preferably, the tobacco leaf collecting chamber has inlets on both sides of the top of the front side wall. The inner cavity of the tobacco leaf collecting chamber is equipped with two storage partitions, which separate the inner cavity of the tobacco leaf collecting chamber into a lower leaf collecting chamber, a middle leaf collecting chamber, and an upper leaf collecting chamber from top to bottom. Each of the lower leaf collecting chamber, the middle leaf collecting chamber, and the upper leaf collecting chamber has a door on its rear side.

[0007] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes a fixed base, on which a conveying roller is mounted. A conveying partition is mounted in the middle of the fixed base, and a brush is mounted on the inner side wall of the fixed base. There are two conveying partitions, and the conveying roller passes through the two conveying partitions in sequence. The conveying partitions separate the conveying rollers to form an upper blade conveying channel, a middle blade conveying channel, and a lower blade conveying channel from front to back. The lengths of the upper blade conveying channel, the middle blade conveying channel, and the lower blade conveying channel decrease sequentially.

[0008] Preferably, the outer cover is a rectangular cover with an inverted U-shaped cross section. A middle blade baffle is vertically connected to the bottom of the middle part of the outer cover. A lower blade baffle is connected to the bottom of the outer cover on the side of the middle blade baffle that is close to the conveying mechanism. The outer cover is installed on the upper surface of the fixed frame by bolts. The top of the outer cover is movably inserted into the feed inlet of the tobacco leaf collection bin.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom of the middle blade baffle and the lower blade baffle are close to the upper surface of the belt elevator, and the middle blade baffle and the lower blade baffle divide the belt elevator into three lifting channels. The middle blade baffle and the lower blade baffle are respectively close to the output ends of the middle blade conveying channel and the lower blade conveying channel.

[0010] Preferably, sliders are connected to the edges of both sides of the lifting plate, and locking blocks are connected to the middle of both sides of the lifting plate. Movable grooves are opened at the front and rear edges of the bottom of the lifting plate, and movable blocks are set inside the movable grooves. Screw holes are opened through the front and rear side walls of the lifting plate, and screws are installed through the screw holes. A first bearing is installed between the screw and the movable block.

[0011] Preferably, both the movable block and the movable groove have a T-shaped cross-section. The movable block is inserted into the movable groove and forms a sliding connection with the lifting plate. The screw passes through the screw hole and is connected to the movable block via the first bearing. The screw and the screw hole are threadedly connected.

[0012] Preferably, the lifting drive mechanism includes an upper gear, a lower gear is disposed directly below the upper gear, a toothed belt is connected between the upper gear and the lower gear, a gear shaft is provided through the middle of both the upper gear and the lower gear, a second bearing is installed between the gear shaft and the side plate, there are two upper gears and two lower gears, a connecting shaft is connected between the gear shafts of the two upper gears, a transmission gear is sleeved in the middle of the connecting shaft, a drive gear is connected above the transmission gear, and a drive motor is connected to one side of the drive gear.

[0013] Preferably, the slider and the locking block are integrally connected to the lifting plate. The slider is inserted into the side plate to form a sliding connection. The locking block and the slot are both T-shaped in cross section. The locking block is locked in the slot and forms a sliding connection with the side plate. One side wall of the locking block is connected to the outer side wall of the toothed belt.

[0014] Preferably, there are three fixing rods. The tops of the fixing rods on the front and rear sides are connected to the bottoms of the two movable blocks respectively, and the top of the fixing rod in the middle is connected to the center of the lifting plate. The fixing rods are integrally connected with the insertion rods. The top of the adjusting rod is recessed inward to form a slot, and the insertion rod is movably inserted into the adjusting rod through the slot.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This fully automatic layered tobacco harvester for hilly and mountainous areas features a leaf-removing mechanism. A lifting drive mechanism raises and lowers a lifting plate, which in turn moves three leaf-removing rings. As the leaf-removing rings descend, three adjacent tobacco stalks pass through the three leaf-removing rings. The sidewalls of the rings press down on the tobacco leaves, causing them to detach from the stalks. This allows for simultaneous harvesting of three tobacco plants. By designing the height of the three leaf-removing rings to increase in a stepped manner, when the rings descend to their lowest point, the front ring removes the upper leaves of the tobacco plant, the middle ring removes the middle leaves, and the rear ring removes the lower leaves. This ensures that the upper, middle, and lower leaves of each tobacco plant are harvested in three steps, achieving the effect of layered and categorized tobacco harvesting.

[0016] This fully automatic layered tobacco harvesting machine for hilly and mountainous areas is equipped with a conveying mechanism, an outer cover, and a tobacco leaf collection bin. Tobacco leaves detached by the leaf-removing mechanism fall onto the conveying mechanism, where rotating conveyor rollers move the leaves. Through the obstruction of conveyor baffles, the upper leaves picked by the front leaf-removing ring are conveyed in the upper leaf conveyor channel, the middle leaves picked by the middle leaf-removing ring are conveyed in the middle leaf conveyor channel, and the leaves picked by the rear leaf-removing ring are conveyed in the lower leaf conveyor channel. Finally, all the leaves fall onto a belt conveyor, separated by middle and lower leaf baffles, ensuring that the upper, middle, and lower leaves are conveyed to the tobacco leaf collection bin in their respective conveyor channels. The lower, middle, and upper leaf collection chambers of the tobacco leaf collection bin collect the lower, middle, and upper leaves respectively, achieving classified conveying and storage of the layered harvested tobacco leaves.

[0017] This fully automatic layered tobacco harvester for hilly and mountainous areas features movable blocks, movable grooves, and screws. Before harvesting tobacco leaves, the screws on both sides of the lifting plate are rotated. The screws rotate within the screw holes, pushing the movable blocks to slide within the movable grooves. The movable blocks then move the leaf-removing mechanisms on the front and rear sides, allowing for adjustable spacing between the three leaf-removing mechanisms. The position of the leaf-removing mechanisms can be adjusted according to the spacing of the tobacco plants, ensuring precise harvesting of the tobacco leaves by the leaf-removing ring.

[0018] This fully automatic layered tobacco harvester for hilly and mountainous areas uses an adjusting rod, an insert rod, and a top wire. By pulling the adjusting rod down, the insert rod slides in the slot at the top of the adjusting rod, changing the distance between the adjusting rod and the fixed rod, thus achieving the height adjustment function of the leaf removal ring. This allows for adjustment of the height difference between adjacent leaf removal rings, enabling the adjustment of the harvesting area for the upper, middle, and lower leaves according to the actual growth of the tobacco leaves. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the side plate of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tobacco leaf collection bin of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the lifting plate of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the leaf-removing mechanism of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting plate structure of the present invention; Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the lifting plate and the lifting drive mechanism of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the conveying mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the outer casing of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the outer cover of the present invention.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Track; 3. Cab; 4. Support; 5. Side plate; 51. Slot; 6. Connecting frame; 7. Tobacco leaf collection bin; 71. Feed inlet; 72. Storage partition; 73. Bin door; 74. Lower blade collection chamber; 75. Middle blade collection chamber; 76. Upper blade collection chamber; 8. Fixed frame; 9. Belt elevator; 10. Conveying mechanism; 101. Fixed seat; 102. Conveying roller; 103. Conveying partition; 104. Brush; 105. Upper blade conveying channel; 106. Middle blade conveying channel; 107. Lower blade conveying channel; 11. Outer cover; 111. Middle 112. Lower blade baffle; 12. Lifting plate; 121. Slider; 122. Locking block; 123. Movable groove; 124. Movable block; 125. Screw hole; 126. Screw; 127. First bearing; 13. Leaf removal mechanism; 131. Fixed rod; 132. Insert rod; 133. Adjusting rod; 134. Set screw; 135. Leaf removal ring; 14. Lifting drive mechanism; 141. Upper gear; 142. Lower gear; 143. Gear shaft; 144. Second bearing; 145. Connecting shaft; 146. Toothed belt; 147. Transmission gear; 148. Drive motor; 149. Drive gear. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, this embodiment of the fully automatic layered tobacco harvester for hilly and mountainous areas includes a frame 1, a track 2 installed at the bottom of the frame 1 (the track 2 allows the harvester to travel stably in hilly and mountainous areas), a cab 3 installed at the front of the frame 1, a support 4 installed above the frame 1, and side plates 5 installed at the top of the support 4. The side plates 5 are mounted on the frame 1 via the support 4. A connecting frame 6 is installed behind the side plates 5, and a tobacco leaf collection bin 7 is installed behind the connecting frame 6. The tobacco leaf collection bin 7 is used to collect and store the harvested tobacco leaves during the harvesting process. There are two side plates 5, and each of the two side plates 5 has a slot 51 on the side closest to each other. The side plates 5 are connected to a lifting plate 12 through the slot 51. Fixed frames 8 are installed on both side walls of the frame 1, and a belt elevator 9 is installed on the upper surface of the fixed frame 8 for lifting the tobacco leaves. The tobacco leaves are lifted upwards and conveyed to the tobacco leaf collection bin 7 for storage. The belt elevator 9 is bent in the middle. The actual model of the belt elevator 9 is selected according to the actual size of the side plate 5, the tobacco leaf collection bin 7 and the frame 1. A conveying mechanism 10 is installed above the belt elevator 9 to convey the fallen tobacco leaves to the belt elevator 9. An outer cover 11 is installed on the outside of the belt elevator 9 above the fixed frame 8 to protect and shield the belt elevator 9 and to separate the tobacco leaf conveying path on the belt elevator 9. A lifting plate 12 is set between the two side plates 5. The lifting plate 12 is used to drive the three leaf removal rings 135 to lift and lower synchronously. The bottom of the lifting plate 12 is connected to the leaf removal mechanism 13 for leaf removal and harvesting of tobacco leaves. A lifting drive mechanism 14 is installed inside the side plate 5 to drive the lifting plate 12 to lift and lower. The leaf-removing mechanism 13 includes a fixed rod 131, with an insertion rod 132 connected to the bottom of the fixed rod 131. An adjusting rod 133 is provided below the fixed rod 131, and a set screw 134 is provided through the side wall of the adjusting rod 133, forming a threaded connection for connecting and securing the adjusting rod 133 and the fixed rod 131. A leaf-removing ring 135 is connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod 133. The leaf-removing ring 135 is composed of two concentric rings connected together and is used to squeeze the tobacco leaves around the tobacco stem, causing the tobacco leaves to fall off under pressure, thus achieving the purpose of tobacco leaf harvesting. There are three leaf-removing mechanisms 13, which are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the lifting plate 12. The three leaf-removing rings 135 are arranged in a stepped manner in the vertical direction. The height difference of the three leaf-removing rings 135 corresponds to the leaf distribution range on a single tobacco plant. The leaf distribution range is defined manually, and the range of upper leaves, middle leaves, and lower leaves is determined according to the leaf growth of the tobacco plant.

[0025] Specifically, feed inlets 71 are provided on both sides of the top of the front wall of the tobacco leaf collection chamber 7. A storage partition 72 is installed inside the tobacco leaf collection chamber 7. The storage partition 72 is U-shaped, causing the tobacco leaves falling into the tobacco leaf collection chamber 7 to fall to the middle due to gravity, preventing clogging. There are two storage partitions 72, which divide the inner cavity of the tobacco leaf collection chamber 7 into a lower leaf collection chamber 74, a middle leaf collection chamber 75, and an upper leaf collection chamber 76 from top to bottom. The collecting chamber 74, the middle leaf collecting chamber 75, and the upper leaf collecting chamber 76 are used to store the lower leaf, the middle leaf, and the upper leaf, respectively. Each of the lower leaf collecting chamber 74, the middle leaf collecting chamber 75, and the upper leaf collecting chamber 76 has a door 73 on its rear side. When the tobacco leaves are fed into the tobacco leaf collecting chamber 7, it is necessary to ensure that the three doors 73 are opened in turn so that the leaves in the lower leaf collecting chamber 74, the middle leaf collecting chamber 75, and the upper leaf collecting chamber 76 are fed in stages, which is convenient for classification and processing.

[0026] Furthermore, the conveying mechanism 10 includes a fixed base 101, on which a conveying roller 102 is mounted. Both sides of the conveying roller 102 are mounted on a driving device to drive its rotation. A conveying partition 103 is mounted in the middle of the fixed base 101. A brush 104 is mounted on the inner wall of the fixed base 101 to cover the gap between the conveying roller 102 and the plant stem, ensuring that fallen tobacco leaves land on the conveying roller 102. There are two conveying partitions 103, and the conveying roller 102 passes through both partitions 103 sequentially, separating the conveying roller 102 from front to back. Then, an upper blade conveying channel 105, a middle blade conveying channel 106, and a lower blade conveying channel 107 are formed in sequence. The lengths of the upper blade conveying channel 105, the middle blade conveying channel 106, and the lower blade conveying channel 107 decrease sequentially. By designing the upper blade conveying channel 105, the middle blade conveying channel 106, and the lower blade conveying channel 107 to have different lengths, the blades conveyed on the upper blade conveying channel 105, the middle blade conveying channel 106, and the lower blade conveying channel 107 fall at different positions on the surface of the belt elevator 9, which facilitates the partitioned conveying of blades.

[0027] Furthermore, the outer cover 11 is a rectangular cover with an inverted U-shaped cross section. A middle blade baffle 111 is vertically connected to the bottom of the middle part of the outer cover 11. A lower blade baffle 112 is connected to the bottom of the outer cover 11 on the side of the middle blade baffle 111 that is close to the conveying mechanism 10. The middle blade baffle 111 and the lower blade baffle 112 are welded and fixed to the bottom of the outer cover 11. The outer cover 11 is installed on the upper surface of the fixing frame 8 by bolts. The top of the outer cover 11 is movably inserted into the feed inlet 71 of the tobacco leaf collection bin 7. When the tobacco leaf collection bin 7 is discharging, it can be flipped to the rear relative to the side plate 5. At this time, the feed inlet 71 of the tobacco leaf collection bin 7 is disengaged from the outer cover 11 and the belt elevator 9.

[0028] Furthermore, the bottom of the middle blade baffle 111 and the lower blade baffle 112 are close to the upper surface of the belt elevator 9, and the middle blade baffle 111 and the lower blade baffle 112 divide the belt elevator 9 into three lifting channels. The bottom of the three lifting channels are respectively connected to the upper blade conveying channel 105, the middle blade conveying channel 106, and the lower blade conveying channel 107, and the top of the channels are respectively connected to the upper blade collecting chamber 76, the middle blade collecting chamber 75, and the lower blade collecting chamber 74. The middle blade baffle 111 and the lower blade baffle 112 are respectively close to the output ends of the middle blade conveying channel 106 and the lower blade conveying channel 107. Separated by the middle blade baffle 111 and the lower blade baffle 112, the upper blade, the middle blade, and the lower blade are respectively conveyed into the tobacco leaf collecting chamber 7 in the three conveying channels of the belt elevator 9, so as to realize the classification and conveying of the tobacco leaves after layered harvesting.

[0029] Furthermore, sliders 121 are connected to the edges of both sides of the lifting plate 12. The sliders 121 are rectangular blocks that are inserted into the side plate 5. Blocks 122 are connected to the middle of both sides of the lifting plate 12. Movable grooves 123 are provided at the front and rear edges of the bottom of the lifting plate 12. Movable blocks 124 are provided inside the movable grooves 123. The width of the movable blocks 124 is adapted to the width of the inner wall of the movable grooves 123. Screw holes 125 are provided through the front and rear side walls of the lifting plate 12. Screws 126 are provided through the screw holes 125. A first bearing 127 is installed between the screw 126 and the movable blocks 124. The screw 126 is rotatably connected to the movable blocks 124 via the first bearing 127. There are two movable blocks 124, which are located on the top of the two leaf removal mechanisms 13 on the front and rear sides respectively.

[0030] Furthermore, both the movable block 124 and the movable groove 123 have T-shaped cross sections. The movable block 124 is inserted into the movable groove 123 and forms a sliding connection with the lifting plate 12. The screw 126 passes through the screw hole 125 and is connected to the movable block 124 via the first bearing 127. The screw 126 is threadedly connected to the screw hole 125. By rotating the screws 126 on the front and rear sides of the lifting plate 12, the screws 126 rotate in the screw hole 125. The screws 126 push the movable block 124 to slide in the movable groove 123. The movable block 124 drives the leaf-removing mechanism 13 on the front and rear sides to move. The position of the leaf-removing mechanism 13 can be adjusted according to the spacing of the tobacco plants to ensure that the leaf-removing ring 135 accurately picks the tobacco leaves.

[0031] Furthermore, the lifting drive mechanism 14 includes an upper gear 141, a lower gear 142 directly below the upper gear 141, and a toothed belt 146 connecting the upper gear 141 and the lower gear 142. Both the upper gear 141 and the lower gear 142 mesh with the toothed belt 146, forming a rotatable connection. A gear shaft 143 passes through the middle of both the upper gear 141 and the lower gear 142. A second bearing 144 is installed between the gear shaft 143 and the side plate 5, forming a rotatable connection between the gear shaft 143 and the side plate 5. There are two upper gears 141 and two lower gears 142. A connecting shaft 145 connects the gear shafts 143 of the two upper gears 141. The two upper gears 141 rotate synchronously via the connecting shaft 145. A transmission gear 147 is sleeved in the middle of the connecting shaft 145. A drive gear 149 is connected above the transmission gear 147. The drive gear 149 meshes with the transmission gear 147. A drive motor 148 is connected to one side of the drive gear 149. The drive motor 148 is essentially a motor with a forward and reverse circuit. The shaft end of the drive motor 148 is connected to the center of the drive gear 149. When the drive motor 148 is started, it drives the drive gear 149 to rotate. The drive gear 149 drives the transmission gear 147 to rotate. The transmission gear 147 drives the connecting shaft 145 to rotate. The two ends of the connecting shaft 145 drive the two upper gears 141 to rotate. The upper gears 141 drive the toothed belt 146 to move.

[0032] Furthermore, both slider 121 and locking block 122 are integrally connected to lifting plate 12. Slider 121 is inserted into side plate 5 to form a sliding connection, which enhances the stability of lifting plate 12. Locking block 122 and slot 51 are both T-shaped in cross section. Locking block 122 is locked in slot 51 and forms a sliding connection with side plate 5, ensuring that lifting plate 12 can move between the two side plates 5. One side wall of locking block 122 is connected to the outer side wall of toothed belt 146. When upper gear 141 and lower gear 142 rotate and drive toothed belt 146 to move, toothed belt 146 drives locking block 122 to slide down in slot 51, and locking block 122 then drives lifting plate 12 to move up and down.

[0033] Furthermore, there are three fixed rods 131, meaning one fixed rod 131 is provided for each leaf-removing mechanism 13. The tops of the fixed rods 131 on the front and rear sides are connected to the bottoms of the two movable blocks 124, respectively. The top of the fixed rod 131 in the middle is connected to the center of the lifting plate 12, allowing the two fixed rods 131 on the front and rear sides to move relative to the middle fixed rod 131. The fixed rods 131 are integrally connected with the insertion rods 132. The top of the adjusting rod 133 is recessed inward to form a slot. The outer diameter of the insertion rod 132 is adapted to the inner diameter of the slot. The insertion rod 132 is movably inserted into the adjusting rod 133 through the slot. By pulling the adjusting rod 133 down, the insertion rod 132 slides in the slot at the top of the adjusting rod 133, changing the distance between the adjusting rod 133 and the fixed rod 131, thereby adjusting the height difference between adjacent leaf-removing rings 135. The picking area of ​​the upper, middle and lower leaves can be adjusted according to the actual growth of the tobacco leaves.

[0034] The usage method of this embodiment is as follows: When the user is actually using the fully automatic layered harvester to harvest tobacco in hilly areas, firstly, adjust the spacing of the leaf-removing mechanism 13 according to the planting spacing of the tobacco plants. Rotate the screws 126 on both sides of the lifting plate 12. The screws 126 drive the leaf-removing mechanism 13 on the front and rear sides to move. Adjust the position of the leaf-removing mechanism 13 according to the spacing of the tobacco plants to ensure that the tobacco plants are directly in the middle of the leaf-removing ring 135. Then, determine the height interval of the upper leaves, middle leaves, and lower leaves according to the leaf distribution of the tobacco plants. Then, rotate the top screw 134 to loosen it, pull the adjusting rod 133 down, and slide the insertion rod 132 in the slot at the top of the adjusting rod 133 to change the position of the adjusting rod 133. Adjusting the distance between the adjusting rod 133 and the fixed rod 131, thereby adjusting the height difference between adjacent leaf-removing rings 135, ensuring that this height difference conforms to the height range of the upper, middle, and lower blades, screwing in the set screw 134, which presses and connects the adjusting rod 133 and the fixed rod 131. Then, the harvester is turned on, the drive motor 148 starts and drives the drive gear 149 to rotate, the drive gear 149 drives the transmission gear 147 to rotate, the transmission gear 147 drives the connecting shaft 145 to rotate, and the two ends of the connecting shaft 145 drive the two upper gears 141 to rotate. The upper gears 141 drive the toothed belt 146 to move, the toothed belt 146 drives the locking block 122 to slide down in the locking groove 51, and the locking block 122 drives the lifting plate 12 As the lifting plate 12 moves downward, it drives the three leaf-removing mechanisms 13 at the bottom to move downward. The three adjacent tobacco stalks pass through the three leaf-removing rings 135 respectively. The side walls of the leaf-removing rings 135 press down on the tobacco leaves, causing them to fall off the stalks. When the three leaf-removing rings 135 descend to their lowest point, the leaf-removing ring 135 on the front side removes the upper tobacco leaves of the tobacco on the front side, the leaf-removing ring 135 on the middle side removes the middle tobacco leaves of the tobacco on the middle side, and the leaf-removing ring 135 on the rear side removes the lower tobacco leaves of the tobacco on the rear side. The tobacco leaves removed by the leaf-removing mechanism 13 fall onto the conveying mechanism 10. The conveying roller 102 rotates, driving the tobacco leaves to move. Due to the blocking effect of the conveying partition 103, the upper leaves picked by the front leaf-removing ring 135 are in the upper leaf conveying section. The leaves are conveyed in channel 105. The middle leaves picked by the middle leaf-removing ring 135 are conveyed in the middle leaf conveying channel 106, and the leaves picked by the rear leaf-removing ring 135 are conveyed in the lower leaf conveying channel 107. Finally, all the leaves fall onto the belt elevator 9 and are separated by the middle leaf baffle 111 and the lower leaf baffle 112, so that the upper, middle and lower leaves are respectively conveyed into the tobacco leaf collection bin 7 in the three conveying channels of the belt elevator 9. The lower leaf collection chamber 74, the middle leaf collection chamber 75 and the upper leaf collection chamber 76 of the tobacco leaf collection bin 7 collect the lower leaves, the middle leaves and the upper leaves respectively. After picking, the harvester moves forward the distance of one tobacco plant and repeats the above operation.

[0035] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fully automatic layered tobacco harvesting machine for hilly and mountainous areas, comprising a frame (1), a track (2) installed at the bottom of the frame (1), a cab (3) installed at the front of the frame (1), a support (4) installed above the frame (1), a side plate (5) installed at the top of the support (4), a connecting frame (6) installed at the rear of the side plate (5), and a tobacco leaf collection bin (7) installed at the rear of the connecting frame (6), characterized in that: There are two side plates (5), and each of the two side plates (5) has a slot (51) on the side that is close to each other. Fixing frames (8) are installed on both sides of the frame (1). A belt elevator (9) is installed on the upper surface of the fixing frame (8). A conveying mechanism (10) is installed above the belt elevator (9). An outer cover (11) is installed on the outside of the belt elevator (9) above the fixing frame (8). A lifting plate (12) is provided between the two side plates (5). A leaf removal mechanism (13) is connected to the bottom of the lifting plate (12). A lifting drive mechanism (14) is installed inside the side plate (5). The leaf removal mechanism (13) includes a fixed rod (131), a plug rod (132) is connected to the bottom of the fixed rod (131), an adjusting rod (133) is provided below the fixed rod (131), a set screw (134) is provided through the side wall of the adjusting rod (133), and a leaf removal ring (135) is connected to the bottom of the adjusting rod (133). There are three leaf removal mechanisms (13), which are arranged at equal intervals at the bottom of the lifting plate (12), and the three leaf removal rings (135) are arranged in a stepped manner in the vertical direction.

2. The fully automatic layered harvesting machine for tobacco in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tobacco leaf collection chamber (7) has inlets (71) on both sides of the top of the front side wall. The inner cavity of the tobacco leaf collection chamber (7) is equipped with storage partitions (72). There are two storage partitions (72). The two storage partitions (72) divide the inner cavity of the tobacco leaf collection chamber (7) into a lower leaf collection chamber (74), a middle leaf collection chamber (75) and an upper leaf collection chamber (76) from top to bottom. The lower leaf collection chamber (74), the middle leaf collection chamber (75) and the upper leaf collection chamber (76) are all provided with doors (73) on the rear side.

3. The fully automatic layered harvesting machine for tobacco in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism (10) includes a fixed base (101), on which a conveying roller (102) is mounted. A conveying partition (103) is installed in the middle of the fixed base (101). A brush (104) is installed on the inner side wall of the fixed base (101). There are two conveying partitions (103). The conveying roller (102) passes through the two conveying partitions (103) in sequence. The conveying partitions (103) separate the conveying roller (102) to form an upper blade conveying channel (105), a middle blade conveying channel (106), and a lower blade conveying channel (107) from front to back. The lengths of the upper blade conveying channel (105), the middle blade conveying channel (106), and the lower blade conveying channel (107) decrease sequentially.

4. The fully automatic layered harvesting machine for tobacco in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer cover (11) is a rectangular cover with an inverted U-shaped cross section. A middle blade baffle (111) is vertically connected to the bottom of the middle part of the outer cover (11). A lower blade baffle (112) is connected to the bottom of the outer cover (11) on the side of the middle blade baffle (111) near the conveying mechanism (10). The outer cover (11) is installed on the upper surface of the fixing frame (8) by bolts. The top of the outer cover (11) is movably inserted into the feed port (71) of the tobacco leaf collection bin (7).

5. The fully automatic layered harvesting machine for tobacco in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bottom of the middle blade baffle (111) and the lower blade baffle (112) are close to the upper surface of the belt elevator (9). The middle blade baffle (111) and the lower blade baffle (112) divide the belt elevator (9) into three lifting channels. The middle blade baffle (111) and the lower blade baffle (112) are close to the output ends of the middle blade conveying channel (106) and the lower blade conveying channel (107), respectively.

6. The fully automatic layered harvesting machine for tobacco in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting plate (12) has sliders (121) connected to the edges of both sides of the lifting plate (12), and a locking block (122) connected to the middle of both sides of the lifting plate (12). The lifting plate (12) has movable grooves (123) at the front and rear edges of the bottom. The movable grooves (123) have movable blocks (124) inside. The lifting plate (12) has screw holes (125) through the front and rear sides of the lifting plate (12). The screw holes (125) have screw rods (126) through the screw rods (126) and the movable blocks (124). A first bearing (127) is installed between the screw rods (126) and the movable blocks (124).

7. The fully automatic layered harvesting machine for tobacco in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable block (124) and the movable groove (123) both have T-shaped cross sections. The movable block (124) is inserted into the movable groove (123) and forms a sliding connection with the lifting plate (12). The screw (126) passes through the screw hole (125) and is connected to the movable block (124) via the first bearing (127). The screw (126) is threadedly connected to the screw hole (125).

8. The fully automatic layered harvesting machine for tobacco in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lifting drive mechanism (14) includes an upper gear (141), a lower gear (142) is provided directly below the upper gear (141), a toothed belt (146) is connected between the upper gear (141) and the lower gear (142), a gear shaft (143) is provided through the middle of the upper gear (141) and the lower gear (142), a second bearing (144) is installed between the gear shaft (143) and the side plate (5), there are two upper gears (141) and two lower gears (142), a connecting shaft (145) is connected between the gear shafts (143) of the two upper gears (141), a transmission gear (147) is sleeved in the middle of the connecting shaft (145), a drive gear (149) is connected above the transmission gear (147), and a drive motor (148) is connected to one side of the drive gear (149).

9. The fully automatic layered harvesting machine for tobacco in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slider (121) and the locking block (122) are integrally connected with the lifting plate (12). The slider (121) is inserted into the side plate (5) to form a sliding connection. The locking block (122) and the slot (51) are both T-shaped in cross section. The locking block (122) is locked in the slot (51) and forms a sliding connection with the side plate (5). One side wall of the locking block (122) is connected to the outer side wall of the toothed belt (146).

10. The fully automatic layered harvesting machine for tobacco in hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: There are three fixed rods (131). The tops of the fixed rods (131) on the front and rear sides are connected to the bottoms of the two movable blocks (124) respectively. The top of the fixed rod (131) in the middle is connected to the center of the lifting plate (12). The fixed rod (131) is integrally connected with the insertion rod (132). The top of the adjusting rod (133) is recessed inward to form a slot. The insertion rod (132) is movably inserted into the adjusting rod (133) through the slot.

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