A threshing combine harvester of the type comprising a threshing unit and a cleaning unit
By integrating the threshing, conveying, and cleaning processes, and employing a funnel-shaped grain collection bin and a shaftless grain conveying auger combined with a negative pressure fan for secondary cleaning, the problem of incomplete seed cleaning by small-area harvesters has been solved. This achieves rapid and thorough grain cleaning, meets the high-efficiency seed cleaning requirements of breeding experiments, and reduces equipment costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- HENAN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY
- Filing Date
- 2026-06-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
AI Technical Summary
Existing small-plot harvesters have problems such as incomplete seed cleaning and easy seed mixing. Especially when switching plots, residual seeds can be mixed into the next plot, leading to distorted breeding data. Moreover, imported equipment is expensive and difficult to promote.
It adopts an integrated design of multiple grain threshing, conveying and cleaning, including a funnel-shaped grain collection bin, a shaftless grain conveying auger, a negative pressure fan and a secondary cleaning mechanism. Through gravity convergence, dead-angle-free design and directional airflow cleaning, it completely eliminates dead corners of grain residue and achieves rapid and thorough seed cleaning.
It achieves zero-dead-angle residue prevention, thorough and rapid seed cleaning, improves grain cleanliness and cleaning efficiency, reduces equipment manufacturing costs and maintenance difficulty, and meets the high-efficiency seed cleaning requirements of breeding experiments.
Smart Images
Figure CN122375375A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural breeding machinery technology, and in particular to a combing and threshing small-plot harvester that integrates multiple threshing, conveying, and cleaning. Background Technology
[0002] Breeding trials typically involve dividing the field into numerous small, closely spaced "plots" (a few to tens of square meters), each planted with a different variety or strain. The harvesting stage is crucial to the success of the breeding trial. The core requirement is to absolutely prevent mechanical mixing of seeds from different plots while minimizing crushing damage to adjacent unharvested plots, achieving precise and efficient harvesting at the plot level.
[0003] Currently, dedicated plot harvesters have been developed both domestically and internationally, with the 4LZX-1.5 full-feed harvester being the closest to this invention. This equipment has a compact structure, but its core relies on a pneumatic-assisted cleaning system, which uses a blower to remove residual seeds from the conveying auger in the threshing chamber. However, while pneumatic cleaning systems are effective in smooth, open pipes, they struggle to completely cover complex areas such as the gaps between the threshing drum's concave plates, the corners of the vibrating screen housing, and the connections between components, creating cleaning dead zones and posing a risk of trace residue. During plot switching, residual seeds can mix into the next plot, distorting breeding data. Manual cleaning is not only extremely inefficient but also cannot guarantee thoroughness. Furthermore, imported plot harvesters are expensive, making widespread adoption by domestic breeding units difficult. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing small-area harvesters, such as incomplete seed cleaning and easy seed mixing, and to provide a combing grain small-area harvester that integrates threshing, conveying and cleaning. Through structural optimization, it eliminates the dead corners of grain residue from the source, achieves rapid and thorough seed cleaning, improves the efficiency of threshing and cleaning, and reduces the equipment manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A combing grain harvester integrating threshing, conveying, and cleaning includes a threshing mechanism, a residue prevention conveying mechanism, and a secondary cleaning mechanism.
[0006] The re-threshing mechanism includes a threshing chamber, inside which are a threshing drum and a concave sieve. A re-threshing gap is formed between the threshing drum and the concave sieve to achieve complete separation of the grains from the husks.
[0007] The residue-prevention conveying mechanism includes a funnel-shaped grain collection bin and a shaftless grain conveying auger. The funnel-shaped grain collection bin is sealed to the bottom of the threshing bin. Its inner wall is a smooth slope, and the lowest point of all the slopes converges at the bottom center of the bin, allowing the grains to naturally converge without residue due to gravity. The feed end of the shaftless grain conveying auger is connected to the bottom center of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin, and the discharge end is connected to a cleaning cylinder. The shaftless structure eliminates the conveying dead angle of traditional shafted augers. A discharge port is opened on the lower part of the side wall of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin. The lower edge of the discharge port is flush with the inner bottom surface of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin, which is used to completely empty the residual grains in the bin when changing the grain collection area.
[0008] The secondary cleaning mechanism includes a negative pressure fan and a waste discharge pipe. The negative pressure fan is located near the waste removal cylinder, with its air inlet facing the grain falling path of the waste removal cylinder, and performs secondary negative pressure cleaning on the grains and impurities conveyed by the shaftless grain conveyor auger. The waste discharge pipe is connected to the air inlet side of the negative pressure fan and is used to transport the light impurities generated during cleaning. The side wall of the threshing chamber is provided with a waste discharge port to discharge the large impurities generated during the re-threshing process.
[0009] Furthermore, the device also includes a walking mechanism and a front combing and feeding mechanism; the forward direction of the walking mechanism is considered the front, and the opposite direction is considered the rear; the threshing chamber is fixedly installed in the middle of the whole machine above the walking mechanism, and the front combing and feeding mechanism is located in front of the threshing chamber, with its discharge end connected to the top feed port of the threshing chamber, for feeding the crop in an orderly manner and completing the grain combing.
[0010] Furthermore, the walking mechanism is a tracked walking mechanism, including two parallel tracks; the front-end combing and feeding mechanism includes, from front to back, a grain-pulling star wheel, a cutter, a grain-pulling conveyor chain, a grain-pressing plate, a plant baffle, and a combing belt, realizing the integrated operation of crop cutting, orderly clamping and conveying, and combing.
[0011] Furthermore, the rake star wheel is horizontally installed at the front end of the machine for feeding crops; the cutter is horizontally arranged directly below the rake star wheel for cutting crop plants; the finger conveyor chain is horizontally arranged behind the cutter, with its front end above the cutter and its rear end extending to the front of the combing belt for conveying the cut plants; the plant baffle is vertically fixed above the rear end of the finger conveyor chain, and the pressing plate is hinged to the upper part of the plant baffle. A crop combing gap is formed between the lower surface of the pressing plate and the upper surface of the combing belt to ensure stable combing operation.
[0012] Furthermore, the combing belt is inclinedly arranged in front of the threshing chamber, with its discharge end embedded in the feed inlet of the threshing chamber. The upper surface of the combing belt is flush with the lower edge of the feed inlet at the top of the threshing chamber, so that the combed material is thrown into the threshing chamber under the action of the combing belt.
[0013] Furthermore, the outer surface of the threshing drum is provided with spirally arranged threshing teeth, the spiral direction of which is from front to back, used to push the grain mixture to move towards the discharge port on the right side of the threshing chamber; the concave sieve is an arc-shaped grid structure, the curvature of which matches the rotation trajectory of the threshing drum, wrapping around the lower half of the threshing drum, and a certain re-threshing gap is formed between the top of the threshing teeth and the inner surface of the concave sieve.
[0014] Furthermore, the shaftless grain conveying auger is arranged vertically, with its lower feed end sealed and fitted into the feed inlet at the bottom center of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin, and its upper discharge end extending horizontally backward and sealed and connected to the impurity removal cylinder; the impurity removal cylinder is a downward vertical square cylinder with its lower opening located directly above the grain bin, and the grain bin is fixedly installed at the rear of the whole machine for collecting the cleaned grains.
[0015] Furthermore, the negative pressure fan is fixedly installed on the frame below the rear side of the impurity removal cylinder, and its air inlet is sealed to the rear port of the impurity discharge pipe; the impurity discharge pipe is an upwardly curved arc pipe installed between the impurity removal cylinder and the negative pressure fan, with its front port horizontally facing the grain falling path of the impurity removal cylinder and its overall height higher than the height of the impurity removal cylinder, to prevent impurities from falling back and contaminating the grains.
[0016] Furthermore, the discharge port is an openable and closable structure with a sealing element at the edge, and the outer side is sealed and connected by a locking mechanism; the bottom opening of the threshing chamber matches the top opening size of the funnel-shaped grain collection chamber, and a sealing gasket is sandwiched between the two connecting surfaces, and they are sealed and fixedly connected by fasteners; the impurity discharge port is opened on the right side of the threshing chamber, and its lower edge is flush with the inner surface of the concave plate screen.
[0017] Furthermore, the power input end of the shaftless grain conveying auger is connected to the power output shaft of the negative pressure fan through a transmission mechanism; the transmission mechanism includes a right-angle commutator and a belt drive mechanism, the vertical output shaft of the right-angle commutator is connected to the shaftless grain conveying auger, and the horizontal input shaft is connected to the power output shaft of the negative pressure fan through the belt drive mechanism to achieve synchronous power transmission.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages by adopting the above technical solution: (1) Zero dead angle anti-residue design: The main structure of the funnel-type grain collection bin is combined with the shaftless grain conveying auger. Grain is automatically collected by gravity, eliminating the dead angle of material accumulation in traditional square grain bins and shafted augers from the structural source, and eliminating the phenomenon of grain retention.
[0019] (2) Thorough and rapid seed cleaning capability: The lower edge of the grain discharge port is flush with the bottom of the grain collection bin. When changing the plot, the locking mechanism can be opened to completely empty all the residual grains in the bin by gravity. With short-term idling, 100% seed cleaning can be achieved. The seed cleaning efficiency is high and fully meets the stringent requirements of genetic purity for breeding experiments.
[0020] (3) High efficiency of re-threshing and cleaning performance: The arc-shaped concave plate screen and the threshing drum form the optimal re-threshing gap to ensure the grain threshing rate; the negative pressure fan directional airflow combined with the arc-shaped impurity discharge pipe realizes the efficient removal of light impurities and significantly improves the grain cleanliness.
[0021] (4) Simple structure and easy to promote: No need for complex vibrating screens and pneumatic cleaning systems, the overall structure is compact and the manufacturing cost is significantly reduced; the shaftless grain conveying auger has no shaft wear and entanglement problems, low maintenance cost, long service life, and is suitable for widespread use by domestic breeding units.
[0022] (5) Broad scope of protection: The core technology solution adopts a top-level design, which can cover equivalent alternative solutions with different walking methods, different connection structures and different size parameters, effectively preventing competitors from circumventing patent protection by modifying non-core parameters.
[0023] The specific functions of each component in this invention are as follows: Harvesting Star Wheel: Guides wheat plants in an orderly manner into the harvesting range of the bottom cutter, preventing crop lodging and haphazard feeding, and ensuring harvesting efficiency.
[0024] The cutter makes a reciprocating cutting motion to cut the wheat stalks and complete the harvesting operation.
[0025] Finger conveyor chain: It smoothly conveys the cut wheat plants backward, while carrying the long straw out of the combing system to prevent the straw from entering the threshing bin.
[0026] The pressing board and plant baffle work together to press the delivered wheat plants firmly against the surface of the combing belt, enabling the combing belt to stably and efficiently comb the grains on the ear.
[0027] The combing belt rotates at high speed to brush the wheat ears and complete the initial threshing of the grains. Its precise alignment design between the discharge end and the feed inlet of the threshing chamber ensures that all combed grains are thrown into the threshing chamber.
[0028] Threshing chamber: Provides an enclosed threshing operation space to prevent grain splashing and impurities from entering, while also providing a mounting base for the threshing drum and concave screen.
[0029] Threshing drum and threshing teeth: High-speed rotation strikes the threshed grain mixture, completely separating the remaining ears of grain and husks from the grains. The spirally arranged teeth can simultaneously push the mixture towards the discharge port.
[0030] Concave sieve: The arc-shaped grid structure allows clean grains after separation to pass through while blocking the cob, impurities, and short straw after threshing. It works in conjunction with the threshing drum to form the optimal re-threshing gap, achieving efficient re-threshing and sorting.
[0031] Funnel-type grain collection bin: The smooth, sloping inner wall design receives grains passing through the concave sieve and allows them to naturally converge at the bottom center, providing a continuous and stable material supply for the shaftless grain conveying auger while eliminating dead corners for material accumulation.
[0032] Grain discharge port: The lower edge is flush with the bottom of the silo and can be opened and closed. With the help of sealing parts and locking mechanism, it can achieve complete emptying and reliable sealing of the silo. It is the core part of cleaning seeds when the seedlings are harvested and transferred from the breeding area.
[0033] Impurity discharge port: Located on the right side of the threshing bin, it is used to discharge large impurities such as ear cob, stalk, and glumes from the threshing bin.
[0034] Shaftless grain conveying auger: The vertically arranged shaftless structure smoothly conveys the grains from the center of the grain collection bin to the impurity removal cylinder, with no dead corners in the conveying process, no straw entanglement, and reliable operation.
[0035] Negative pressure fan: generates high-speed directional airflow to perform secondary cleaning of the grains falling from the impurity removal cylinder, removing any light impurities.
[0036] Impurity removal pipe: The upward-curving arc structure guides the light impurities drawn in by the negative pressure airflow to be smoothly transported to the rear. The design of being higher than the impurity removal cylinder is to further prevent impurities from flowing back and contaminating the grains.
[0037] Impurity removal cylinder: A vertically downward square cylinder that uses a negative pressure fan to discharge impurities through a discharge pipe, allowing the cleaned grains to fall smoothly into the grain silo below.
[0038] Right-angle commutator: Converts the horizontal power output of the negative pressure fan into a vertical power output to drive the shaftless grain conveying auger, achieving efficient utilization of power.
[0039] Belt drive mechanism: connects the negative pressure fan and the right-angle commutator to realize synchronous power transmission. It has a simple structure and is easy to maintain.
[0040] Tracks: support the entire machine frame and provide walking power. They have a large ground contact area, resulting in less soil compaction and reducing damage to adjacent areas caused by rolling.
[0041] Grain bin: Fixedly installed at the rear of the machine, used to collect and store cleaned grains.
[0042] In summary, the overall technical effects of this invention are as follows: This invention fundamentally solves the seed mixing problem of existing small-area harvesters through its core anti-residue design of "funnel-type grain collection + shaftless conveying + flat grain discharge port". The arc-shaped concave plate screen and adjustable re-threshing gap ensure the grain threshing rate, the directional secondary negative pressure cleaning improves the grain cleanliness, and the fully sealed connection structure prevents grain leakage and impurity mixing.
[0043] This device significantly improves the speed of seed cleaning during the harvesting and relocation of seedlings in small-scale breeding operations, leaving no grain residue and fully meeting the technical standards for breeding experiments. Simultaneously, its simple and compact overall structure significantly reduces manufacturing and maintenance costs, resulting in extremely high cost-effectiveness and promotional value. It can significantly improve the mechanization level and data accuracy of breeding experiments. Attached Figure Description
[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the entire machine of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the threshing chamber of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the grain conveying system of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the threshing drum of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the funnel-type grain collection bin of the present invention.
[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1-Reeling star wheel, 2-Crawler, 3-Negative pressure fan, 4-Grain bin, 5-Impure removal cylinder, 6-Impure discharge pipe, 7-Shaftless grain conveying auger, 8-Threshing bin, 9-Pressing plate, 10-Plant baffle, 11-Cutter, 12-Finger conveyor chain, 13-Combing belt, 14-Threshing drum, 15-Threshing plate teeth, 16-Concave sieve, 17-Funnel-type grain collection bin, 18-Grain discharge port, 19-Impure discharge port, 20-Right angle reversing device. Detailed Implementation
[0046] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-5 The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
[0047] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the integrated threshing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester of the present invention is installed on the middle frame of the tracked 2 harvester, with the front end connected to the header device and the rear end connected to the grain bin 4.
[0048] The overall structure of the device of the present invention: The front-end cutting platform device consists of a grain-reeling star wheel 1, a cutter 11, a finger conveyor chain 12, a pressing plate 9, a plant baffle 10, and a combing belt 13. The main body of the integrated threshing, conveying, and cleaning combing grain harvester consists of a threshing bin 8, a threshing drum 14, threshing plate teeth 15, a concave sieve 16, a funnel-type grain collection bin 17, a grain discharge port 18, a waste discharge port 19, a shaftless grain conveying auger 7, a negative pressure fan 3, a waste discharge pipe 6, a waste removal cylinder 5, a right-angle reversing device 20, and a belt drive mechanism.
[0049] The specific installation and connection relationships of each component in this invention are as follows: Connection between the threshing bin and the grain collection bin: The threshing bin 8 is welded from steel plates and is a rectangular closed box with a rectangular feed inlet at the top and a completely open bottom. The funnel-shaped grain collection bin 17 is also welded from steel plates and has an inverted quadrangular pyramidal structure. The top opening size is exactly the same as the bottom opening size of the threshing bin, and a circular feed inlet is located at the center of the bottom. A rubber sealing gasket is sandwiched between the bottom flange of the threshing bin 8 and the top flange of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin 17, and they are fastened together with bolts evenly distributed around the circumference to ensure no grain leakage gaps.
[0050] Installation of the threshing drum and concave screen: The two ends of the threshing drum 14 are fixed to the center positions of the left and right side walls of the threshing chamber 8 respectively via bearing seats, with the drum axis parallel to the ground. Spirally arranged threshing teeth 15 are welded to the outer surface of the threshing drum 14. The concave screen 16 has an arc-shaped grid structure, made of multiple parallel steel wires welded together, with an arc of 180°, enclosing the lower half of the threshing drum 14. The two ends of the concave screen 16 are fixed to the front and rear side walls of the threshing chamber 8 respectively by bolts. The upper edge is welded and sealed to the inner wall of the threshing chamber, and the lower edge extends to the top opening of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin 17. The gap between the top of the threshing teeth 15 and the inner surface of the concave screen 16 is adjustable.
[0051] Installation of the shaftless grain conveying auger and impurity removal cylinder: The shaftless grain conveying auger 7 is vertically arranged above and behind the funnel-shaped grain collection bin 17. Its lower feed end is inserted into the circular feed port at the bottom of the grain collection bin and sealed by a sealing ring; its upper discharge end extends horizontally backward and is sealed to the upper end of the impurity removal cylinder 5 by a flange. The impurity removal cylinder 5 is a vertical square cylinder, with its lower opening located directly above the feed port of the grain bin 4.
[0052] Installation of negative pressure fan and waste discharge pipe: The negative pressure fan 3 is a centrifugal fan, fixedly installed on the lower rear frame of the waste removal cylinder 5, and its air inlet is sealed to the rear end of the waste discharge pipe 6. The waste discharge pipe 6 is an upwardly curved steel pipe, installed between the waste removal cylinder and the negative pressure fan, with its front end horizontally facing the grain falling path of the waste removal cylinder and its overall height higher than that of the waste removal cylinder.
[0053] Grain discharge port and waste discharge port configuration: A square grain discharge port 18 is provided on the lower part of the front side wall of the funnel-type grain collection bin 17, with the lower edge of the discharge port completely flush with the inner bottom surface of the grain collection bin. A rubber sealing gasket is affixed to the edge of the discharge port, and a steel plate sealing cover is installed on the outside. The sealing cover is securely connected to the side wall of the grain collection bin by two symmetrical spring clips on the left and right sides. When sealed, the inner side of the sealing cover is in close contact with the rubber sealing gasket. A rectangular waste discharge port 19 is provided on the right side of the threshing bin 8, with the lower edge of the waste discharge port flush with the inner surface of the concave sieve 16.
[0054] Power transmission system installation: The lower power shaft of the shaftless grain conveying auger 7 is fixedly connected to the vertical output shaft of the right-angle commutator 20 via a cross-slider coupling. The right-angle commutator 20 uses bevel gears for commutation, and a driven pulley is fixedly installed on its horizontal input shaft. A driving pulley is fixedly installed on the power output shaft of the negative pressure fan 3, and the driving pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a V-belt to achieve synchronous power transmission.
[0055] The working process of this invention is as follows: S1. Harvesting and threshing stage: As the machine moves forward, the rake wheel 1 pulls the wheat plants in front toward the cutter 11, which then reciprocates to cut the plants. The finger conveyor chain 12 transports the cut wheat plants backward to the plant baffle 10, where the pressing plate 9 presses the plants firmly against the high-speed rotating combing belt 13. The comb teeth on the surface of the combing belt 13 comb the wheat ears, removing most of the grains. The combed material is then thrown into the feed inlet of the threshing chamber 8 by the action of the combing belt, while long straws are continued to be transported backward by the finger conveyor chain 12 and discharged from the machine.
[0056] S2, Re-threshing and Separation Stage: After the combed grain mixture enters the threshing chamber 8, it is driven by the high-speed rotating threshing drum 14. The threshing plate teeth 15 repeatedly strike the mixture, causing the unthreshed grains to be completely separated from the husks. Under the action of centrifugal force and gravity, the separated clean grains fall through the grid gaps of the concave sieve 16 into the funnel-shaped grain collection bin 17 below; large impurities such as ear cob, short straw, and husks are pushed to the right side of the threshing chamber with the rotation of the drum and discharged from the machine through the impurity discharge port 19.
[0057] S3. Conveying and Secondary Cleaning Stage: Grains falling into the funnel-shaped grain collection bin 17 slide naturally down the smooth inverted conical inner wall and gather at the feed inlet at the bottom center of the bin. When the negative pressure fan 3 is running, it drives the right-angle commutator 20 to rotate via belt drive, which in turn drives the shaftless grain conveying auger 7 to rotate, vertically conveying the grains at the bottom center upwards to the upper discharge end. As the grains fall vertically downwards from the impurity removal cylinder 5 into the grain bin 4, the high-speed airflow generated by the negative pressure fan 3 passes through the grain flow, sucking in shriveled grains, husks, and other light impurities, which are then discharged outside the machine through the impurity discharge pipe 6, while the clean grains fall into the grain bin 4.
[0058] S4. Harvesting and Cleaning Stage in a Small Area: After the wheat harvest in one area is completed, stop the machine from moving forward. Then, open the two spring clips on the bottom right side of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin 17, lift the sealing cover of the discharge port 18, and keep the engine idling for a period of time to allow all the grains in the threshing bin 8, concave sieve 16, and shaftless grain conveying auger 7 to be discharged from the discharge port. Use a brush to gently sweep the bin walls to thoroughly clean them. After confirming there are no residues, close the sealing cover and tighten the clips to begin harvesting the next small area.
[0059] The power transmission path of this invention is as follows: The overall power of the machine is provided by a diesel engine. The engine output shaft transmits power to the gearbox and the negative pressure fan 3 via a double-groove pulley. The gearbox output shaft drives the threshing drum 14 to rotate via chain drive. The left end shaft of the threshing drum 14 drives the drive shaft of the combing belt 13 to rotate via chain drive. The drive shaft of the combing belt then drives the cutter 11 to perform reciprocating cutting motion via a crank-connecting rod mechanism. The power shaft of the negative pressure fan 3 drives the fan impeller to rotate to generate airflow, and drives the right-angle commutator 20 to rotate via belt drive, thereby driving the shaftless grain conveying auger 7 to convey grains.
[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A combined threshing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester for small plots, characterized in that: This includes a re-de-oiling mechanism, a residue prevention conveying mechanism, and a secondary cleaning mechanism; The re-threshing mechanism includes a threshing chamber (8), inside which is provided a threshing drum (14) and a concave sieve (16), and a re-threshing gap is formed between the threshing drum (14) and the concave sieve (16); The residue prevention conveying mechanism includes a funnel-shaped grain collection bin (17) and a shaftless grain conveying auger (7). The funnel-shaped grain collection bin (17) is sealed and connected to the bottom of the threshing bin (8). Its inner wall is a smooth inclined surface and the lowest point of all the inclined surfaces converges at the bottom center of the bin. The feed end of the shaftless grain conveying auger (7) is connected to the bottom center of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin (17), and the discharge end is connected to the impurity removal cylinder (5). A discharge port (18) is provided on the lower part of the side wall of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin (17). The lower edge of the discharge port (18) is flush with the inner bottom surface of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin (17). The secondary cleaning mechanism includes a negative pressure fan (3) and a waste discharge pipe (6). The negative pressure fan (3) is located near the waste removal cylinder (5), and its outlet faces the grain falling path of the waste removal cylinder (5). The waste discharge pipe (6) is connected to the outlet side of the negative pressure fan (3). A waste discharge port (19) is opened on the side wall of the threshing chamber (8).
2. The integrated combing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a walking mechanism and a front combing and feeding mechanism; the forward direction of the walking mechanism is the front, and the opposite direction is the rear; the threshing chamber (8) is fixedly installed in the middle of the whole machine above the walking mechanism, and the front combing and feeding mechanism is located in front of the threshing chamber (8), and its discharge end is connected to the top feed port of the threshing chamber (8).
3. The integrated combing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: The walking mechanism is a tracked walking mechanism, including two parallel tracks (2); the front combing and feeding mechanism includes, from front to back, a grain-pulling star wheel (1), a cutter (11), a finger conveyor chain (12), a grain-pressing plate (9), a plant baffle (10), and a combing belt (13).
4. The integrated combing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reeling star wheel (1) is horizontally installed at the front end of the machine; the cutter (11) is horizontally arranged directly below the reeling star wheel (1); the finger conveyor chain (12) is inclinedly arranged behind the cutter (11), with the front end of the finger conveyor chain (12) located above the cutter (11) and the rear end extending to the front of the combing belt (13); the plant baffle (10) is vertically fixed above the rear end of the finger conveyor chain (12), and the pressing plate (9) is hinged to the upper part of the plant baffle (10), with the lower surface of the pressing plate (9) and the upper surface of the combing belt (13) forming a plant combing gap.
5. The integrated combing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: The combing belt (13) is arranged obliquely in front of the threshing chamber (8). The discharge end of the combing belt (13) is embedded with the feed inlet of the threshing chamber (8). The upper surface of the combing belt (13) is flush with the lower edge of the feed inlet at the top of the threshing chamber (8).
6. The integrated combing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer surface of the threshing drum (14) is provided with spirally arranged threshing plates (15), and the spiral direction of the plates is from left to right; the concave sieve (16) is an arc-shaped grid structure, the arc of which matches the rotation trajectory of the threshing drum (14), and wraps around the lower half of the threshing drum (14). A certain threshing gap is formed between the top of the threshing plates (15) and the inner surface of the concave sieve (16).
7. The integrated combing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaftless grain conveying auger (7) is arranged vertically, with its lower feed end sealed and fitted into the feed inlet at the bottom center of the funnel-shaped grain collection bin (17), and its upper discharge end extending horizontally backward and sealed to the impurity removal cylinder (5) through a flange; the impurity removal cylinder (5) is a vertically downward square cylinder, with its lower opening located directly above the grain bin (4), and the grain bin (4) is fixedly installed at the rear of the whole machine.
8. The integrated combing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure fan (3) is fixedly installed on the frame below the rear side of the impurity removal cylinder (5), and its air outlet is horizontally oriented towards the grain falling path of the impurity removal cylinder (5); the impurity discharge pipe (6) is an upwardly curved arc pipe, and its air outlet is directly behind the machine and sealed to the air inlet of the negative pressure fan (3) and its height is higher than the height of the impurity removal cylinder (5).
9. The integrated combing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge port (18) is an openable structure with a sealing element on the edge and a locking mechanism for sealing connection on the outside; the bottom opening of the threshing bin (8) matches the top opening size of the funnel-type grain collection bin (17), and a sealing gasket is sandwiched between the two connecting surfaces and they are sealed and fixedly connected by fasteners; the waste discharge port (19) is located on the right side of the threshing bin (8), and its lower edge is flush with the inner surface of the concave sieve (16).
10. The integrated combing, conveying, and cleaning grain harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power input end of the shaftless grain conveying auger (7) is connected to the power output shaft of the negative pressure fan (3) through a transmission mechanism; the transmission mechanism includes a right-angle commutator (20) and a belt drive mechanism. The vertical output shaft of the right-angle commutator (20) is connected to the shaftless grain conveying auger (7), and the horizontal input shaft is connected to the power output shaft of the negative pressure fan (3) through a belt drive mechanism.