A transport release device for aphids

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of agriculture and specifically relates to a transport and release device for aphidophaga, aiming to solve the technical problems of poor connection between the transport and release of aphidophaga, low survival rate and poor release uniformity. The device comprises a transport cabin, a release cabin, a dispersion release mechanism, an environment control system, an intelligent control system and an operating handle assembly. The transport cabin is arranged at the upper part of the device and adopts a double-layer insulation structure, the inner layer is made of food-grade polypropylene material, the outer layer is a polyurethane foaming insulation layer, the cabin is provided with a breathable grid tray and a shock-absorbing cushion layer; the release cabin is arranged below the transport cabin and has an inverted truncated cone shape, the bottom is provided with a release valve with adjustable opening degree, and the inner wall is provided with a flow guide plate; the dispersion release mechanism is arranged in the outlet passage of the release cabin and comprises a dispersion disc, dispersion blades and a driving motor, and is used for uniformly dispersing and throwing the aphidophaga. The device can also be optionally provided with a solar power supply module, a positioning module and a recording module to realize extended endurance and operation traceability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of agriculture, specifically relating to a transport and release device for aphid-eating gall midge. Background Technology

[0002] Aphid gall midges, as important predatory natural enemies, play an irreplaceable role in the biological control of aphids in greenhouse agriculture and open-field vegetable production. Their biological characteristic of feeding on aphid body fluids allows them to maintain and effectively suppress the populations of various common aphids, thereby reducing the use of chemical pesticides, minimizing pesticide residue risks in agricultural products, and meeting the urgent need for environmentally friendly pest control technologies in green agriculture. In recent years, with the increasing attention consumers pay to the quality and safety of agricultural products and the deepening of national pesticide reduction initiatives, the artificial large-scale breeding and field release technology of aphid gall midges has received increasing attention in the industry, becoming one of the research hotspots in the field of biological control.

[0003] In the field application of aphid-eating gall midges, the safe, efficient, and uniform release of artificially bred adults or pupae into the target control area has always been a technical bottleneck restricting their large-scale promotion. Traditional release methods mainly employ extensive operation modes such as manual scattering or manual throwing of simple containers. The manual scattering method relies on operators walking along the field ridges with a release container in hand, manually shaking or tilting to achieve the dispersed release of mosquitoes; the simple container method places a certain number of adults or pupae in an open container, utilizing the mosquitoes' ability to crawl out naturally to achieve dispersal. These two methods can meet basic needs in early small-scale trials, but their inherent technical defects have become increasingly prominent as the release area expands and the application scenarios become more complex.

[0004] Specifically, traditional manual application methods struggle to precisely control release density per unit area. Release uniformity is highly dependent on operator skill and work ethic, often resulting in significant variations in effectiveness between different operators and at different times, leading to fluctuations and unpredictability in field control. Manual operation also incurs high labor costs, making it uneconomical for large-scale applications. Furthermore, aphid-eating gall midges are small, have short lifespans, and are sensitive to environmental changes. Traditional release methods lack effective protection mechanisms during transport and release. Under adverse conditions such as high or low temperatures or dryness, their survival rate and viability significantly decrease, ultimately affecting their establishment and population growth in the field. While traditional container release methods reduce labor costs to some extent, their release rate is difficult to adjust, and the concentrated release of midges fails to create a continuous and stable release source, hindering sustained control effects.

[0005] More critically, existing release devices exhibit significant technical gaps in the connection between the transportation and release stages. The transfer of aphid-eating gall midges from the breeding facility to the field release area involves loading, unloading, handling, and transportation. Traditional methods typically use ordinary plastic boxes or cardboard boxes as temporary containers. These containers lack features such as breathability, temperature regulation, moisture retention, and shock absorption. In a confined environment, the midges are prone to death due to oxygen deficiency and carbon dioxide buildup, and vibration and impact can cause mechanical damage to the pupal stage. Furthermore, during the release preparation stage after transportation to the field, the midges need to be transferred from the transport containers to the release device. This additional operation not only increases labor costs but also prolongs the time window during which the midges are exposed to unsuitable field conditions, further exacerbating the risk of decreased survival rates.

[0006] From a design perspective, existing technologies generally suffer from common problems such as limited functionality, rudimentary structure, and low levels of intelligence. Traditional releasers typically only have simple collection and pouring functions, lacking the intelligent control capability to automatically adjust release parameters based on field conditions (such as temperature, humidity, and wind speed), thus failing to adapt to the differentiated needs of release operations under varying climatic conditions. Regarding release uniformity, existing devices lack effective dispersion mechanisms, resulting in mosquitoes often clustering after release, which is detrimental to expanding the effective control coverage. In terms of reuse and maintenance, the subsequent maintenance operations of existing devices, such as cleaning, disinfection, and replacement of consumables, are cumbersome and prone to cross-contamination.

[0007] The aforementioned technical deficiencies severely restrict the control effectiveness and economic feasibility of large-scale field application of aphid-eating gall midges. Therefore, designing a specialized device that can seamlessly connect the transportation and release stages, ensure high survival and vitality of the mosquitoes throughout the entire transportation and release process, achieve uniform and controllable release, and is easy to operate has become a key technical challenge and an urgent technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention addresses the technical problems of poor coordination between transportation and release of aphid-eating gall midges, including low survival rates and uneven release uniformity. It provides a transportation and release device for aphid-eating gall midges. This device integrates transportation and release functions, utilizing an environmentally regulated transportation compartment, an adjustable dispersion release mechanism, and an intelligent control system linked to field operating conditions. This enables the protected transportation and uniform, controlled release of the midges from the breeding facility to the field control area.

[0009] As the basic embodiment of this invention, the transport and release device includes a transport cabin, a release cabin, a dispersion release mechanism, an environmental control system, an intelligent control system, and an operating handle assembly. The transport cabin is located in the upper region of the device, and the release cabin is located in the lower region of the device. The transport cabin and the release cabin are connected by an openable and closable connecting channel. The operating handle assembly is fixedly installed on the exterior side wall of the device for the operator to grip and perform field operations.

[0010] The transport cabin is a sealed compartment with a thermal insulation structure. Its walls feature a double-layer design: an inner layer of food-grade polypropylene and an outer layer of polyurethane foam insulation, with a sandwich thickness of 15 to 20 millimeters. Inside the cabin, there is at least one insect-holding tray with a mesh-like breathable structure. The mesh openings are 0.8 to 1.2 millimeters in diameter, with a breathability of at least 85%. A shock-absorbing layer made of silicone, 8 to 12 millimeters thick, is located at the bottom of the tray. A removable cover is installed on the top of the cabin, sealed to the cabin by a rubber sealing ring with an O-shaped cross-section and made of low-temperature resistant silicone. Ventilation windows occupy 15% to 20% of the total sidewall area. These windows contain a breathable membrane made of polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane with a pore size of 0.01 to 0.05 micrometers. The transport compartment has a volume of 800 to 1200 ml and can hold 5,000 to 15,000 adult aphid-eating eels or pupae.

[0011] The release chamber is located below the transport chamber. Its shape is an inverted truncated cone, with a maximum inner diameter of 120-150 mm, a minimum inner diameter of 60-80 mm, and a height of 150-200 mm. A release outlet with a diameter of 20-30 mm is located at the bottom of the release chamber, and an adjustable release valve is installed at the outlet. The release valve includes a valve body, a valve core, and an adjusting handle. The valve body is made of polyoxymethylene, and the valve core is made of stainless steel. The rotation angle range of the adjusting handle is 0-270 degrees, corresponding to an opening range of 0%-100% for the release outlet. At least four guide vanes are installed on the inner wall of the release chamber, evenly distributed along the circumference of the chamber. The included angle between adjacent guide vanes is 90 degrees, and the length direction of the guide vanes forms an angle of 30-45 degrees with the axial direction of the chamber. The width of the guide vanes is 15-25 mm, and the thickness is 2-3 mm.

[0012] The dispersion and release mechanism is located within the outlet channel of the release chamber and includes a dispersion disc, dispersion blades, and a drive motor. The dispersion disc has a diameter of 50 to 70 mm and a thickness of 5 to 8 mm. The surface of the dispersion disc has at least eight dispersion holes, each with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm, evenly distributed along the circumference of the dispersion disc. Four to six dispersion blades are positioned above the dispersion disc. Each blade is 40 to 60 mm long and 15 to 20 mm wide. One end of each blade is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, while the other end is free. The angle between the blade and the horizontal plane is 15 to 30 degrees. The drive motor is a miniature DC geared motor with a rated voltage of 12 volts, a rated power of 5 to 10 watts, and a speed range of 50 to 300 revolutions per minute. The drive motor is fixedly mounted in a motor mounting bracket outside the release chamber, with a waterproof sealing gasket between the motor mounting bracket and the release chamber.

[0013] The environmental control system includes a temperature control module, a humidity control module, and a gas composition control module. The temperature control module includes a thermoelectric cooler, a temperature sensor, and a cooling fan. The thermoelectric cooler has a cooling capacity of 30 to 50 watts, with one side in close contact with the inner wall of the transport compartment and the other side fitted with a cooling fan. The temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor with a temperature measurement range of -10 to 50 degrees Celsius and an accuracy of ±0.5 degrees Celsius. The temperature sensor is located in the center of the transport compartment. The humidity control module includes an ultrasonic atomizer, a humidity sensor, and a storage tank. The ultrasonic atomizer has an atomization rate of 50 to 100 ml per hour. The humidity sensor has a humidity measurement range of 30% to 98% relative humidity and an accuracy of ±2% relative humidity. The storage tank has a capacity of 200 to 300 ml and contains pure water or a low-concentration nutrient solution. The gas composition control module includes a miniature air pump, a gas filtration unit, and a carbon dioxide sensor. The miniature air pump has a flow rate of 0.5 to 2 liters per minute. The gas filtration unit is filled with activated carbon particles and molecular sieve particles. The carbon dioxide sensor has a CO2 measurement range of 0 to 5000 ppm and an accuracy of ±50 ppm. Data collected by each sensor in the environmental control system is transmitted to the intelligent control system for comprehensive processing.

[0014] The intelligent control system includes a central processing unit, a wireless communication module, a display screen, and operation buttons. The central processing unit uses a 32-bit microcontroller chip with a built-in 12-bit analog-to-digital converter and 16KB of program memory. The wireless communication module uses a 433MHz wireless data transmission radio with an effective transmission distance of 100 to 500 meters. The display screen is an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display with a screen size of 1.3 to 2.0 inches. The operation buttons include a setting button, an increment button, a decrement button, and an confirmation button; each button has a travel distance of 0.3 to 0.5 mm and an actuation force of 20 to 40 grams. The intelligent control system automatically adjusts the working state of the environmental control system and the operating parameters of the dispersion release mechanism based on preset release parameters and environmental monitoring data. Preset parameters include target release density, target release rate, target ambient temperature, and target ambient humidity; these parameters are set via the operation buttons and stored in the built-in memory of the central processing unit.

[0015] The operating handle assembly includes a main handle and an auxiliary handle. The main handle is located on one side of the device, and the auxiliary handle is located on the other side. The main handle is 150 to 200 mm long and 25 to 35 mm in diameter. The handle surface has anti-slip textures with a depth of 1 to 2 mm and a spacing of 3 to 5 mm. The auxiliary handle is 100 to 150 mm long and 20 to 30 mm in diameter. A shock-absorbing pad, made of butyl rubber and 10 to 15 mm thick, is placed between the main handle and the device body. The main handle has a control switch, including a power switch, a start release button, and a stop release button. The rated voltage of the control switch is 12 volts, and the rated current is 2 amps.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transport and release device is further equipped with a solar power supply module. The solar power supply module includes a solar panel, a charge controller, and a battery pack. The solar panel is made of monocrystalline silicon, with a cell conversion efficiency of not less than 20%, and a size of 150 to 200 mm x 100 to 150 mm, and a power output of 5 to 10 watts. The charge controller uses pulse width modulation charging and has overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, and safety cut-off functions. The battery pack is a lithium-ion battery pack with a voltage of 11.1 volts and a capacity of 2000 to 3000 mAh. The solar power supply module provides power to all electrical components of the entire device, significantly extending the continuous operating time of the device during field operations.

[0017] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a protective cover is provided outside the release chamber of the transport release device. The protective cover is injection molded from polypropylene, with a thickness of 3 to 5 mm, and its shape matches the outer contour of the release chamber. A ventilated interlayer is formed between the protective cover and the release chamber, with a thickness of 10 to 15 mm. An air inlet is provided at one end of the ventilated interlayer, and an air outlet is provided at the other end. Insect-proof nets are provided at both the air inlet and the air outlet. The insect-proof nets are made of stainless steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.2 to 0.3 mm and a mesh size of 0.5 to 0.8 mm.

[0018] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dispersing and releasing mechanism further includes a preheating module. The preheating module is disposed on the inner wall of the release chamber and includes a preheating tape and a temperature controller. The preheating tape is a silicone heating element with a power of 10 to 20 watts, a width of 20 to 30 mm, and a length of 800 to 1200 mm, spirally wound along the inner wall of the release chamber. The temperature controller is linked to a temperature sensor to maintain the temperature inside the release chamber within the range of 25 to 30 degrees Celsius. The function of the preheating module is to preheat the release chamber in a low-temperature environment, preventing mosquitoes from experiencing a decrease in vitality or death due to a sudden drop in temperature during release.

[0019] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transport and release device is also equipped with a positioning module. The positioning module includes a Global Positioning System (GPS) receiving antenna, a positioning chip, and an antenna. The GPS receiving antenna is a planar antenna made of ceramic dielectric with a gain of 2 to 3 dB. The positioning chip is a chip supporting dual-mode BeiDou and GPS positioning, with a positioning accuracy of 2 to 5 meters. The positioning module collects the device's location information in real time and transmits the location information along with release parameter data to a remote monitoring center via a wireless communication module, facilitating full traceability and management of the release operation.

[0020] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transport and release device is also equipped with a recording module. The recording module includes a storage chip and a real-time clock chip. The storage chip is a flash memory chip with a storage capacity of 4 to 8 megabytes, capable of recording at least 1000 release operation records. Each record includes parameters such as operation time, operation location, ambient temperature, ambient humidity, release quantity, and release rate. The real-time clock chip provides an accurate time reference for the recording module, with a time error not exceeding ±2 seconds per month. The data from the recording module can be exported to a computer via a USB interface for subsequent analysis and processing.

[0021] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mosquito-holding tray of the transport and release device is provided with multiple independently separated holding compartments. Each holding compartment has a volume of 50 to 100 ml and can hold 500 to 1500 mosquitoes. An openable and closable isolation gate is provided between the holding compartments. The isolation gate is driven by a micro servo motor, which has a torque of 1 to 3 kg / cm². The opening and closing status of the isolation gate is controlled by an intelligent control system according to a preset release program, realizing a batch release function.

[0022] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transport and release device is also provided with a spray module. The spray module is located upstream of the release outlet and includes a storage bottle, a spray pump, and nozzles. The storage bottle has a capacity of 100 to 150 ml and can contain diluted nutrient solution or attractant solution. The spray pump is a miniature diaphragm pump with a flow rate of 5 to 20 ml per minute. The nozzle is an atomizing nozzle with an atomized particle size of 10 to 50 micrometers. The spray module is activated synchronously during the release operation, spraying trace amounts of nutrient solution or attractant solution onto the released mosquitoes to enhance their activity and guide them to the target area.

[0023] In the implementation process, operators first set parameters such as target release density and target release rate using the control buttons. The release density is calculated based on the area of ​​the target control zone and the expected mosquito release quantity, typically ranging from 5,000 to 20,000 mosquitoes per acre. The release rate is adjusted according to the planting density and growth stage of the crop being controlled, typically ranging from 50 to 500 mosquitoes per second. The intelligent control system calculates and generates the optimal release control scheme based on the set target parameters and current environmental conditions.

[0024] During transportation, the environmental control system automatically adjusts the temperature, humidity, and gas composition inside the transport cabin based on data from environmental sensors, maintaining the environment within a suitable range for mosquito survival. The temperature is typically maintained between 15 and 25 degrees Celsius, relative humidity between 60% and 80%, and carbon dioxide concentration between 500 and 1500 ppm. When the temperature deviates from the set range, a thermoelectric cooler or heating element activates to adjust the temperature; when the humidity falls below the set lower limit, an ultrasonic atomizer activates to increase humidity; and when the carbon dioxide concentration exceeds the set upper limit, a micro-air pump activates to ventilate the cabin.

[0025] During the release phase, the operator opens the connection channel between the transport chamber and the release chamber, allowing mosquitoes to fall into the release chamber under their own weight or slight propelling. The release valve opens to the set opening, and the mosquitoes enter the dispersion and release mechanism through the release outlet. The drive motor rotates the dispersion disc and dispersion blades, causing the mosquitoes to be dispersed outwards in a uniform fan-shaped distribution. The rotation speed of the dispersion disc and the angle of the dispersion blades can be adjusted according to release needs to obtain different release ranges and distribution densities. The preheating module heats the release chamber in a low-temperature environment to ensure the mosquitoes remain active during release. The spray module simultaneously sprays micronutrient solution to replenish the mosquitoes with moisture and energy.

[0026] Throughout the release process, the intelligent control system monitors data from various sensors in real time and automatically adjusts operating parameters based on feedback data to ensure stable and controllable release performance. Release operation data is simultaneously recorded by the recording module and uploaded to the remote monitoring center in real time via a wireless communication module. After the operation is completed, operators can clean and disinfect the device for future use. All components of the device are designed to be detachable for easy maintenance and replacement.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, this invention has the following significant technical effects: Due to the integrated structural design of the transport and release compartments, the entire transportation and release process of mosquitoes from the breeding workshop to the field control area can be completed within the same device. This avoids the additional operation of transferring mosquitoes from the transport container to the release device required in traditional methods, effectively reducing the time window for mosquitoes to be exposed to unsuitable environments and significantly improving their survival rate. Because of the transport compartment with environmental control functions, mosquitoes can be maintained under suitable temperature, humidity, and gaseous conditions during transportation, effectively ensuring their survival rate and vigor. Due to the dispersed release mechanism, the released mosquitoes are no longer distributed in an aggregated state but form a uniform fan-shaped distribution, effectively expanding the effective control coverage area of ​​a single release. Due to the intelligent control system, the device can automatically adjust the release state according to field operating conditions and preset parameters, achieving a uniform and controllable release effect. Due to the solar power supply module, the device has strong endurance during field operations, making it suitable for large-area operations. Due to the positioning and recording modules, the entire release process can be managed information-based and traced for quality.

[0028] In summary, the aphid-eating gall midge transportation and release device provided by this invention effectively solves the technical problems of low survival rate, poor uniformity, and cumbersome operation of traditional release methods through integrated structural design, environmental control technology, decentralized release mechanism, and intelligent control system. It realizes the safe transportation and efficient release of aphid-eating gall midges, and provides reliable technical equipment support for the large-scale field application of natural enemy insects. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 For along Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of the transport cabin of Line AA; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the release chamber and the dispersion release mechanism; Figure 4 This is a system block diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Transport Cabin; 101. Double-layer wall; 102. Insect holding tray; 103. Shock-absorbing pad; 104. Cabin cover; 105. Rubber sealing ring; 106. Ventilation window; 107. Ventilation membrane; 2. Release Cabin; 201. Release outlet; 202. Release valve; 203. Guide plate; 3. Dispersion and release mechanism; 301. Dispersion disc; 302. Dispersion blades; 303. Drive motor; 304. Dispersion hole; 4. Environmental control system; 401. Temperature control module; 402. Humidity control module; 403. Gas composition control module; 5. Intelligent control system; 501. Central processing unit; 502. Wireless communication module; 503. Display Display screen; 504, Operation buttons; 6, Operation handle assembly; 601, Main handle; 602, Auxiliary handle; 603, Shock-absorbing pad; 604, Control switch; 7, Solar power supply module; 701, Solar panel; 702, Charging controller; 703, Battery pack; 8, Protective cover; 801, Insect net; 9, Preheating module; 901, Preheating zone; 10, Positioning module; 1001, Global Positioning System receiving antenna; 1002, Positioning chip; 11, Recording module; 1101, Storage chip; 1102, Real-time clock chip; 12, Spraying module; 1201, Liquid storage bottle; 1202, Spray pump; 1203, Nozzle. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments are only used to further illustrate the specific implementation of the present invention and do not constitute any limitation on the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] The overall structure of the aphid-eating gall midge transport and release device involved in this invention is as follows: Figures 1 to 5 As shown in the figure, the device mainly consists of core components such as a transport cabin 1, a release cabin 2, a dispersion release mechanism 3, an environmental control system 4, an intelligent control system 5, and an operating handle assembly 6. These components work together to form a complete mosquito transport and release system.

[0033] In practice, the transport compartment 1 is located in the upper part of the device, and the release compartment 2 is located in the lower part of the device. The two are connected by an openable and closable connecting channel. The operating handle assembly 6 is fixedly installed on the outside of the side wall of the device for the operator to hold and perform field operations. The overall dimensions of the device are designed for easy operation and carrying by a single person, and the overall weight is controlled between 2.5 and 4.0 kg.

[0034] Regarding the specific structure of the transport compartment 1, it is a sealed compartment with thermal insulation, primarily used to provide a suitable survival environment for aphid-eating gall midges during transportation. The compartment walls 101 of the transport compartment 1 adopt a double-layer structure design. The inner layer is made of food-grade polypropylene, which has good chemical stability and food safety, and will not have any harmful effects on the insects. The inner layer is 2 to 3 mm thick, manufactured using injection molding, and has a smooth, burr-free surface for easy cleaning and disinfection. The outer layer is a polyurethane foam insulation layer, made of rigid polyurethane foam material, filled between the inner and outer layers using a high-pressure foaming process to form a uniform insulation structure. The thickness of the interlayer between the two walls 101 is 15 to 20 mm, a thickness determined through thermal calculations, effectively blocking the influence of external environmental temperature changes on the internal temperature. Under external conditions of 35 degrees Celsius, the double-layer structure can keep the temperature rise inside the cabin within 2 degrees Celsius per hour; under external conditions of -10 degrees Celsius, the temperature drop inside the cabin can also be kept within 2 degrees Celsius per hour.

[0035] The transport compartment 1 contains at least one insect-holding tray 102 for holding adult or pupae of aphid-eating gall midges. The tray 102 employs a mesh-like breathable structure with mesh openings ranging from 0.8 to 1.2 mm in diameter. This range ensures good air permeability while preventing insects from escaping. The air permeability of the tray 102 is no less than 85%, meaning the ratio of the effective breathable area to the total area of ​​the tray is no less than 85%. This design ensures sufficient air circulation within the compartment, providing ample oxygen for the insects. A shock-absorbing layer 103, made of silicone and 8 to 12 mm thick, is installed at the bottom of the tray 102. This layer effectively absorbs vibrations and shocks during transport, reducing insect mortality due to vibration. In vibration tests simulating field road transport conditions, the peak vibration acceleration at the tray was reduced to less than 30% of the value without the shock-absorbing layer.

[0036] The transport compartment 1 has a removable cover 104 on its top, which is sealed to the compartment via a rubber sealing ring 105. The rubber sealing ring 105 has an O-shaped cross-section and is made of low-temperature resistant silicone, maintaining good elastic sealing performance within a temperature range of -20°C to 60°C. The inner diameter of the sealing ring 105 matches the fit of the cover 104, with an interference fit of 0.5 to 1.0 mm, ensuring a reliable seal. The side walls of the transport compartment 1 have ventilation windows 106, which occupy 15% to 20% of the total side wall area. This area ratio ensures ventilation while maintaining the structural strength of the compartment. Inside the ventilation windows 106 is a breathable membrane 107 made of polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane with a pore size of 0.01 to 0.05 micrometers. This microporous membrane allows oxygen and carbon dioxide from the air to pass through while preventing moisture and microorganisms from passing through, providing a clean breathing environment for mosquitoes. The transport compartment 1 has a volume of 800 to 1200 ml, which can hold 5,000 to 15,000 adult aphid-eating mosquitoes or pupae. The volume design takes into account both the number of mosquitoes that can be held and the difficulty of maintaining the environment inside the compartment.

[0037] Regarding the specific structure of the release chamber 2, it is located below the transport chamber 1 and is used to receive mosquitoes from the transport chamber and release them in a dispersed manner. The shape of the release chamber 2 is an inverted truncated cone. This shape design facilitates the aggregation of mosquitoes towards the release outlet 201 under the influence of gravity, while also promoting airflow to form a uniform airflow distribution. The maximum inner diameter of the release chamber 2 is 120 to 150 mm, located at the top of the chamber, corresponding to the inlet of the connecting channel of the transport chamber 1; the minimum inner diameter is 60 to 80 mm, located at the bottom of the chamber, corresponding to the release outlet 201. The height of the release chamber 2 is 150 to 200 mm, a height dimension that ensures that the mosquitoes have sufficient falling distance to achieve uniform dispersion.

[0038] The bottom of the release chamber 2 is equipped with a release outlet 201, with a diameter of 20 to 30 mm, which can meet the release flow requirements of mosquitoes with different densities. An adjustable release valve 202 is installed at the release outlet 201, comprising a valve body, a valve core, and an adjusting handle. The valve body is made of polyoxymethylene, which has excellent wear resistance and dimensional stability, suitable for frequent opening and closing operations. The valve core is made of stainless steel, which has good corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. The rotation angle range of the adjusting handle is 0 to 270 degrees, corresponding to an opening range of 0% to 100% for the release outlet 201, allowing the operator to adjust the release flow according to actual needs. The inner wall of the release chamber 2 is equipped with at least four guide plates 203, evenly distributed along the circumference of the chamber, with an included angle of 90 degrees between adjacent guide plates. This distribution ensures uniform airflow within the chamber. The length of the deflector 203 forms an angle of 30 to 45 degrees with the axial direction of the cabin. This angle design creates a spiral upward flow pattern, which is beneficial for the even dispersion of mosquitoes. The deflector 203 is 15 to 25 mm wide and 2 to 3 mm thick, and is injection molded from ABS material.

[0039] Regarding the specific structure of the dispersing and releasing mechanism 3, it is located within the outlet channel of the releasing chamber 2 and is used to evenly disperse and project mosquitoes to the target area. The dispersing and releasing mechanism 3 includes a dispersing disc 301, dispersing blades 302, and a drive motor 303. The dispersing disc 301 has a diameter of 50 to 70 mm and a thickness of 5 to 8 mm. At least eight dispersing holes 304, each with a diameter of 3 to 5 mm, are evenly distributed along the circumference of the dispersing disc. The number and density of the dispersing holes 304 directly affect the uniformity of mosquito release. In a preferred embodiment, the dispersing disc 301 has twelve dispersing holes 304, evenly distributed along three concentric circles. The dispersing blades 302 are located above the dispersing disc 301. There are four to six dispersing blades 302, each with a length of 40 to 60 mm and a width of 15 to 20 mm. One end of the blade is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 303, while the other end is free. The angle between the blade and the horizontal plane is 15 to 30 degrees, a range that can generate an effective projectile airflow. The drive motor 303 is a miniature DC geared motor with a rated voltage of 12 volts, a rated power of 5 to 10 watts, and a speed range of 50 to 300 revolutions per minute. The drive motor 303 is fixedly installed in a motor mounting bracket outside the release chamber 2. A waterproof sealing gasket is provided between the motor mounting bracket and the release chamber 2 to prevent moisture from seeping into the motor cavity.

[0040] The working principle of the dispersion and release mechanism 3 is as follows: After mosquitoes enter the area above the dispersion disc 301 through the release outlet 201, the drive motor 303 drives the dispersion disc 301 and the dispersion blades 302 to rotate. During the rotation, the dispersion holes 304 on the dispersion disc 301 generate periodic airflow pulses, pushing the mosquitoes outward; the dispersion blades 302 generate continuous airflow during rotation, guiding the mosquitoes to the target area. The rotation speed of the dispersion disc 301 and the angle of the dispersion blades 302 can be adjusted according to the release needs to obtain different release ranges and distribution densities. When the dispersion disc rotates at 50 revolutions per minute, the mosquito release range is 2 to 3 meters; when the dispersion disc rotates to 300 revolutions per minute, the release range can be expanded to 8 to 10 meters.

[0041] Regarding the specific structure of the environmental control system 4, it includes three subsystems: a temperature control module 401, a humidity control module 402, and a gas composition control module 403, which are used to maintain the temperature, humidity, and gas composition of the internal environment of the transport cabin 1 within a suitable range.

[0042] The temperature control module 401 includes a thermoelectric cooler, a temperature sensor, and a cooling fan. The thermoelectric cooler has a cooling capacity of 30 to 50 watts. One side of the cooler is in close contact with the inner wall of the transport compartment 1, while the other side is equipped with a cooling fan to enhance the cooling effect through forced air cooling. The temperature sensor is a digital temperature sensor with a temperature measurement range of -10 to 50 degrees Celsius and an accuracy of ±0.5 degrees Celsius. The temperature sensor is located in the center of the transport compartment 1 and can accurately reflect the average temperature inside the compartment. In actual operation, the temperature control module 401 can control the temperature inside the compartment within an accuracy range of ±1 degree Celsius of the set value.

[0043] The humidity control module 402 includes an ultrasonic atomizer, a humidity sensor, and a liquid storage tank. The ultrasonic atomizer atomizes at a rate of 50 to 100 ml per hour, producing fine atomized particles to replenish moisture within the cabin. The humidity sensor measures relative humidity from 30% to 98% with an accuracy of ±2% relative humidity and is located in the upper-middle part of the transport cabin 1. The liquid storage tank has a capacity of 200 to 300 ml and contains either pure water or a low-concentration nutrient solution. The nutrient solution is a mixture of sucrose and glucose at a concentration of 5% to 10%, providing energy for the mosquitoes. In actual operation, the humidity control module 402 can maintain the relative humidity within the cabin within a set value of ±3%.

[0044] The gas composition control module 403 includes a miniature air pump, a gas filter unit, and a carbon dioxide sensor. The miniature air pump has a flow rate of 0.5 to 2 liters per minute and is used to exchange air between the inside and outside of the cabin. The gas filter unit is filled with activated carbon particles and molecular sieve particles; the activated carbon particles adsorb organic odors, and the molecular sieve particles regulate the carbon dioxide concentration. The carbon dioxide sensor has a CO2 measurement range of 0 to 5000 ppm and an accuracy of ±50 ppm, and is located in the center of the transport cabin 1. In actual operation, the gas composition control module 403 can maintain the carbon dioxide concentration inside the cabin within a suitable range of 500 to 1500 ppm. This concentration range is higher than the average atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, which can stimulate the respiratory activity of mosquitoes and improve their survival rate.

[0045] Data collected by each sensor in the environmental control system 4 is transmitted to the intelligent control system 5 for comprehensive processing. The intelligent control system 5 automatically adjusts the working status of each control module according to the preset target values ​​of environmental parameters.

[0046] The intelligent control system 5 comprises a central processing unit 501, a wireless communication module 502, a display screen 503, and operation buttons 504. The central processing unit 501 uses a 32-bit microcontroller chip with a built-in 12-bit analog-to-digital converter and 16KB of program memory, providing sufficient data processing capabilities and storage capacity. The wireless communication module 502 uses a 433MHz frequency band wireless data transmission radio with an effective transmission distance of 100 to 500 meters, meeting the communication needs of field operations. The display screen 503 uses an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display with a screen size of 1.3 to 2.0 inches, clearly displaying the current working status and parameter settings. The operation buttons 504 include a setting button, an increment button, a decrement button, and an confirmation button. Each button has a travel distance of 0.3 to 0.5 mm and an actuation force of 20 to 40 grams, providing a comfortable and responsive operating feel.

[0047] The intelligent control system 5 automatically adjusts the working status of the environmental control system 4 and the operating parameters of the dispersed release mechanism 3 based on preset release parameters and environmental monitoring data. Preset parameters include target release density, target release rate, target ambient temperature, and target ambient humidity. These parameters are set via operation buttons 504 and stored in the built-in memory of the central processing unit 501. The intelligent control system 5 also has an automatic fault diagnosis function, capable of monitoring the working status of each sensor and actuator, and issuing timely alarm prompts when abnormalities are detected.

[0048] Regarding the specific structure of the operating handle assembly 6, it includes a main handle 601 and an auxiliary handle 602. The main handle 601 is located on one side of the device, and the auxiliary handle 602 is located on the other side. The main handle 601 is 150 to 200 mm long and 25 to 35 mm in diameter. The surface of the handle is provided with anti-slip textures, the depth of which is 1 to 2 mm and the spacing is 3 to 5 mm. This anti-slip texture design ensures that the operator can hold the handle firmly when working in the field. The auxiliary handle 602 is 100 to 150 mm long and 20 to 30 mm in diameter, and is used to assist the hand in support and balance. A shock-absorbing pad 603 is provided between the main handle 601 and the device body. The shock-absorbing pad 603 is made of butyl rubber and is 10 to 15 mm thick, which can effectively absorb the vibration transmission during operation and protect the operator's hand health. The main handle 601 is equipped with a control switch 604, which includes a power switch, a release start button, and a release stop button. The rated voltage of the control switch 604 is 12 volts and the rated current is 2 amps, which can meet the electrical control requirements of the entire device.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transport and release device is further equipped with a solar power module 7. The solar power module 7 includes a solar panel 701, a charge controller 702, and a battery pack 703. The solar panel 701 is made of monocrystalline silicon, with a cell conversion efficiency of not less than 20%. The solar panel 701 has dimensions of 150 to 200 mm x 100 to 150 mm and a power output of 5 to 10 watts. The charge controller 702 uses pulse width modulation charging and has overcharge protection, over-discharge protection, and safety cut-off functions, effectively extending the battery's lifespan. The battery pack 703 uses a lithium-ion battery pack with a voltage of 11.1 volts and a capacity of 2000 to 3000 mAh. The solar power module 7 provides power to all electrical components of the entire device. Under sufficient sunlight, the solar panel 701 can provide a continuous power supply to the device, significantly extending the device's continuous operating time. Under typical field operating conditions, the solar power module 7 can extend the device's continuous operating time to 8 to 12 hours.

[0050] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a protective cover 8 is provided on the outside of the release chamber 2 of the transport release device. The protective cover 8 is injection molded from polypropylene material, with a thickness of 3 to 5 mm, and its shape matches the outer contour of the release chamber 2. A ventilation interlayer is formed between the protective cover 8 and the release chamber 2, with a thickness of 10 to 15 mm. An air inlet is provided at one end of the ventilation interlayer, and an air outlet is provided at the other end. Insect-proof nets 801 are provided at both the air inlet and the air outlet. The insect-proof nets 801 are made of stainless steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.2 to 0.3 mm and a mesh size of 0.5 to 0.8 mm, which can effectively prevent external insects from entering the interior of the release chamber 2 without affecting the ventilation effect.

[0051] In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the dispersing and releasing mechanism 3 further includes a preheating module 9. The preheating module 9 is disposed on the inner wall of the release chamber 2 and includes a preheating tape 901 and a temperature controller. The preheating tape 901 is a silicone heating strip with a power of 10 to 20 watts. The width of the heating tape 901 is 20 to 30 mm, and the length is 800 to 1200 mm, spirally wound along the inner wall of the release chamber 2. The temperature controller is linked with a temperature sensor to maintain the temperature inside the release chamber 2 within the range of 25 to 30 degrees Celsius. The function of the preheating module 9 is to preheat the release chamber 2 in a low-temperature environment, preventing mosquitoes from experiencing a decrease in vitality or death due to a sudden drop in temperature during release. Under conditions where the ambient temperature is below 10 degrees Celsius, the preheating module 9 can raise the internal temperature of the release chamber 2 to above 25 degrees Celsius within 15 minutes.

[0052] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transport and release device is also equipped with a positioning module 10. The positioning module 10 includes a global positioning system (GPS) receiving antenna 1001, a positioning chip 1002, and an antenna. The GPS receiving antenna 1001 is a planar antenna with ceramic dielectric and a gain of 2 to 3 dB. The positioning chip 1002 is a chip supporting dual-mode positioning of BeiDou and GPS, with a positioning accuracy of 2 to 5 meters. The positioning module 10 collects the device's location information in real time and transmits the location information along with release parameter data to a remote monitoring center via a wireless communication module 502, facilitating full traceability and management of the release operation. In practical applications, the positioning module 10 can record the precise location of each release operation, with an error controlled within 5 meters.

[0053] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transport and release device is also equipped with a recording module 11. The recording module 11 includes a storage chip 1101 and a real-time clock chip 1102. The storage chip 1101 uses a flash memory chip with a storage capacity of 4 to 8 megabytes, capable of recording at least 1000 release operation records. Each record includes parameters such as operation time, operation location, ambient temperature, ambient humidity, release quantity, and release rate. The real-time clock chip 1102 provides an accurate time reference for the recording module 11, with a time error not exceeding ±2 seconds per month. The data from the recording module 11 can be exported to a computer via a USB interface for subsequent analysis and processing, providing data support for the effectiveness evaluation and quality traceability of the release operation.

[0054] As a further improvement of the present invention, the mosquito holding tray 102 is provided with multiple independently separated holding compartments. Each holding compartment has a volume of 50 to 100 ml and can hold 500 to 1500 mosquitoes. An openable and closable isolation gate is provided between the holding compartments. The isolation gate is driven by a micro-servo motor, which has a torque of 1 to 3 kg / cm. The opening and closing status of the isolation gate is controlled by the intelligent control system 5 according to a preset release program, realizing a batch release function. This design allows for the batch release of mosquitoes in a single field operation according to the needs of different control areas, improving the flexibility and accuracy of the release operation.

[0055] As a further improvement of the present invention, the transport and release device is also provided with a spray module 12. The spray module 12 is located upstream of the release outlet 201 and includes a storage bottle 1201, a spray pump 1202, and a nozzle 1203. The storage bottle 1201 has a capacity of 100 to 150 ml and can hold diluted nutrient solution or attractant solution. The nutrient solution is a mixture of sucrose, honey, and water, and the attractant is a pheromone-based substance. The spray pump 1202 is a miniature diaphragm pump with a flow rate of 5 to 20 ml per minute. The nozzle 1203 is an atomizing nozzle with an atomized particle size of 10 to 50 micrometers. The spray module 12 is activated synchronously during the release operation, spraying a small amount of nutrient solution or attractant solution onto the released mosquitoes to enhance their vitality and guide them to gather in the target area. In practical applications, the spray module 12 can significantly improve the survival rate of released mosquitoes and their retention rate in the target area.

[0056] In the implementation process, the operator first sets parameters such as the target release density and target release rate using button 504. The release density is calculated based on the area of ​​the target control zone and the expected mosquito release quantity, typically ranging from 5,000 to 20,000 mosquitoes per acre. The release rate is adjusted according to the planting density and growth stage of the crop being controlled, typically ranging from 50 to 500 mosquitoes per second. The intelligent control system 5 calculates and generates the optimal release control scheme based on the set target parameters and current environmental conditions, and then distributes the scheme to each actuator.

[0057] During transportation, the environmental control system 4 automatically adjusts the temperature, humidity, and gas composition within the transport cabin 1 based on data from environmental sensors, maintaining the environment within a suitable range for mosquito survival. The temperature is typically maintained between 15 and 25 degrees Celsius, relative humidity between 60% and 80%, and carbon dioxide concentration between 500 and 1500 ppm. When the temperature deviates from the set range, a semiconductor cooling chip or heating element is activated for temperature adjustment; when the humidity falls below the set lower limit, an ultrasonic atomizer is activated for humidification; and when the carbon dioxide concentration exceeds the set upper limit, a micro-air pump is activated for ventilation. The environmental control logic of the intelligent control system 5 employs a PID control algorithm, enabling rapid and stable adjustment.

[0058] During the release phase, the operator opens the connection channel between the transport chamber 1 and the release chamber 2, allowing mosquitoes to fall into the release chamber 2 under their own weight or slight pushing. The release valve 202 opens to the set opening degree, and the mosquitoes enter the dispersion and release mechanism 3 through the release outlet 201. The drive motor 303 drives the dispersion disc 301 and dispersion blades 302 to rotate, and the mosquitoes are dispersed and thrown outward under the action of the dispersion disc 301 and dispersion blades 302, forming a uniform fan-shaped release distribution. The rotation speed of the dispersion disc 301 and the angle of the dispersion blades 302 can be adjusted according to the release needs to obtain different release ranges and distribution densities. The preheating module 9 heats the release chamber 2 in a low-temperature environment to ensure that the mosquitoes remain active during the release process. The spray module 12 simultaneously sprays micronutrient solution to replenish the mosquitoes with moisture and energy.

[0059] Throughout the release process, the intelligent control system 5 monitors data from various sensors in real time and automatically adjusts operating parameters based on feedback data to ensure stable and controllable release performance. Release operation data is simultaneously recorded by the recording module 11 and uploaded to the remote monitoring center in real time via the wireless communication module 502. After the operation is completed, operators can clean and disinfect the device for future use. All components of the device are designed to be detachable for easy maintenance and replacement.

[0060] The technical effects of the present invention will be further illustrated below through specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0061] Example 1:

[0062] This embodiment uses the transport and release device of the present invention to conduct a field release experiment of aphid-eating gall midge. The test site was a vegetable planting base, the target pest was aphids, and the control area was 10 mu (approximately 1.65 acres). Three release areas were set up, each approximately 3.3 mu (approximately 0.25 acres), with a release density of 10,000 aphid-eating gall midges per mu (approximately 10,000 per acre). The device parameters were set as follows: transport chamber temperature 20 degrees Celsius, relative humidity 70%, carbon dioxide concentration 1000 ppm; release rate 200 gall midges per second; dispersion disc rotation speed 150 revolutions per minute.

[0063] A survey was conducted 7 days after the release operation, and the results are as follows: the aphid population reduction rate in the released area was 85.3%, and the field survival rate of aphid-eating gall midges was 78.6%, achieving the expected control effect. During the operation of the device, all environmental parameters remained stable, and there were no fault alarms.

[0064] Example 2:

[0065] This embodiment uses the transport and release device of the present invention to perform release operations under low-temperature conditions to verify the effectiveness of the preheating module. The test environment temperature was 5 degrees Celsius. When the preheating module was not activated, the mosquitoes' activity decreased significantly after release, with a survival rate of only 35%. After activating the preheating module, the internal temperature of the release chamber was raised to 27 degrees Celsius before release, and the mosquitoes maintained good activity after release, with a survival rate increasing to 72%. The preheating module's heating rate was 1.5 degrees Celsius per minute, and it took approximately 15 minutes to raise the temperature from the initial 5 degrees Celsius to the target 27 degrees Celsius.

[0066] Comparative Example 1: This comparative experiment compares traditional container transportation with a simple release device. The traditional method involves transporting mosquitoes to the field in plastic boxes and releasing them using a handheld release tube. Transportation conditions are normal temperature and humidity, with no environmental control. Release is achieved by manual shaking, without a dispersion mechanism.

[0067] Experimental results showed that the survival rate of mosquitoes transported using traditional methods was 62%, the survival rate in the field after release was 41%, and the aphid population reduction rate was 58%. In contrast, the transport and release device of this invention significantly improved the survival rate during transport, the survival rate in the field, and the control effect.

[0068] Comparative Example 2: This comparative study verifies the effect of the dispersed release mechanism on release uniformity. Using the dispersed release mechanism of this invention, five sampling points were set at a distance of 5 meters from the release point, arranged in a fan shape with an angle of 30 degrees between adjacent sampling points. After release, the coefficient of variation for the number of mosquitoes per unit area at each sampling point was 12.3%. Using a release method without the dispersed mechanism, the coefficient of variation for the number of mosquitoes at each sampling point was 45.7%. The data show that the dispersed release mechanism can significantly improve release uniformity.

[0069] Data Comparison Table:

[0070] In summary, the aphid-eating gall midge transport and release device provided by this invention, through its integrated structural design, environmental control technology, dispersed release mechanism, and intelligent control system, achieves safe transportation and efficient release of aphid-eating gall midges. Data comparisons using examples and comparative cases demonstrate that this invention exhibits significant technical advantages in terms of transport survival rate, field survival rate, release uniformity, and control efficacy, providing reliable technical equipment support for the large-scale field application of natural enemy insects.

Claims

1. A transport and release device for aphid-eating gall midge, characterized in that, It includes a transport cabin (1), a release cabin (2), a distributed release mechanism (3), an environmental control system (4), an intelligent control system (5), and an operating handle assembly (6). The transport cabin (1) is located in the upper region of the device, and the release cabin (2) is located in the lower region of the device. The transport cabin (1) and the release cabin (2) are connected by an openable and closable connecting channel. The operating handle assembly (6) is fixedly installed on the outside of the side wall of the device; The transport cabin (1) is a sealed cabin with a heat insulation structure. Its cabin wall (101) adopts a double-layer structure design. The inner layer is a food-grade polypropylene material layer, and the outer layer is a polyurethane foam insulation layer. The thickness of the interlayer between the two layers is 15 to 20 mm. The transport cabin (1) is equipped with at least one mosquito-holding tray (102) inside. The tray has a mesh-like breathable structure with a mesh aperture of 0.8 to 1.2 mm and an air permeability of not less than 85%. The release chamber (2) is shaped like an inverted truncated cone. The maximum inner diameter of the release chamber (2) is 120 to 150 mm, the minimum inner diameter is 60 to 80 mm, and the height is 150 to 200 mm. The bottom of the release chamber (2) is provided with a release outlet (201), the diameter of which is 20 to 30 mm; The dispersion and release mechanism (3) is located in the outlet channel of the release chamber (2) and includes a dispersion disc (301), dispersion blades (302) and a drive motor (303). The dispersion disk (301) has a diameter of 50 to 70 mm and a thickness of 5 to 8 mm. The surface of the dispersion disk (301) is provided with at least eight dispersion holes (304), the diameter of which is 3 to 5 mm. The number of the dispersing blades (302) is four to six, each blade is 40 to 60 mm long and 15 to 20 mm wide, and the angle between the blade and the horizontal plane is 15 to 30 degrees. The drive motor (303) is a miniature DC geared motor with a rated voltage of 12 volts, a rated power of 5 to 10 watts, and a speed range of 50 to 300 revolutions per minute; The environmental control system (4) includes a temperature control module (401), a humidity control module (402), and a gas composition control module (403). The intelligent control system (5) includes a central processing unit (501), a wireless communication module (502), a display screen (503), and operation buttons (504).

2. The transport release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The container wall (101) of the transport container (1) adopts a double-layer structure design. The inner layer is a food-grade polypropylene material layer, and the outer layer is a polyurethane foam insulation layer. The thickness of the interlayer between the two layers is 15 to 20 mm.

3. The transport release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transport cabin (1) has a ventilation window (106) on its side wall. The area of ​​the ventilation window (106) accounts for 15% to 20% of the total area of ​​the side wall. The ventilation window (106) has a ventilation membrane (107) inside it. The ventilation membrane (107) is made of polytetrafluoroethylene microporous membrane with a pore size of 0.01 to 0.05 micrometers.

4. The transport release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The insect holding tray (102) adopts a mesh-like breathable structure with a mesh aperture of 0.8 to 1.2 mm and an air permeability of not less than 85%. The bottom of the tray is provided with a shock-absorbing pad (103), which is made of silicone and has a thickness of 8 to 12 mm.

5. The transport release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the release chamber (2) is provided with at least four guide plates (203). The guide plates (203) are evenly distributed along the circumference of the chamber. The included angle between adjacent guide plates is 90 degrees. The length direction of the guide plate (203) is at an angle of 30 to 45 degrees with the axial direction of the chamber. The width of the guide plate (203) is 15 to 25 mm and the thickness is 2 to 3 mm.

6. The transport release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom release outlet (201) of the release chamber (2) is provided with an adjustable release valve (202). The release valve (202) includes a valve body, a valve core and an adjustment handle. The valve body is made of polyoxymethylene material and the valve core is made of stainless steel. The rotation angle range of the adjustment handle is 0 to 270 degrees, and the opening range of the corresponding release outlet (201) is 0% to 100%.

7. The transport release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor (303) of the dispersion release mechanism (3) is fixedly installed in the motor mounting seat outside the release chamber (2), and a waterproof sealing gasket is provided between the motor mounting seat and the release chamber (2).

8. The transport release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature control module (401) of the environmental control system (4) includes a semiconductor cooling chip, a digital temperature sensor and a cooling fan. The cooling capacity of the semiconductor cooling chip is 30 to 50 watts, and the temperature sensor has a temperature measurement range of -10 to 50 degrees Celsius and an accuracy of ±0.5 degrees Celsius. The humidity control module (402) includes an ultrasonic atomizer, a humidity sensor, and a liquid storage tank. The atomization rate of the ultrasonic atomizer is 50 to 100 ml per hour. The humidity sensor has a humidity measurement range of 30% to 98% relative humidity and an accuracy of ±2% relative humidity. The capacity of the liquid storage tank is 200 to 300 ml. The gas composition control module (403) includes a micro air pump, a gas filter unit and a carbon dioxide sensor. The flow rate of the micro air pump is 0.5 to 2 liters per minute. The gas filter unit is filled with activated carbon particles and molecular sieve particles. The carbon dioxide sensor has a CO2 measurement range of 0 to 5000 ppm and an accuracy of ±50 ppm.

9. The transport release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central processing unit (501) of the intelligent control system (5) adopts a 32-bit microcontroller chip, which has a built-in 12-bit analog-to-digital converter and 16K bytes of program memory. The wireless communication module (502) uses a 433MHz frequency band wireless data transmission radio with an effective transmission distance of 100 to 500 meters. The display screen (503) is an organic light-emitting diode display screen with a screen size of 1.3 to 2.0 inches; The operation buttons (504) include a setting button, an increment button, a decrement button, and an confirmation button.

10. The transport release device according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a solar power module (7), which includes a solar panel (701), a charging controller (702), and a battery pack (703). The solar panel (701) is made of monocrystalline silicon, and the conversion efficiency of the cells is not less than 20%, with a power of 5 to 10 watts; The charging controller (702) adopts pulse width modulation charging mode and has overcharge protection, over-discharge protection and safety cut-off functions; The battery pack (703) is a lithium-ion battery pack with a voltage of 11.1 volts and a capacity of 2000 to 3000 mAh.

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