Use of a nutritional composition

Abstract

The present invention relates to the use of a nutritional composition. In particular, there is provided the use of a nutritional composition for non-therapeutic purposes to increase brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression. The nutritional composition comprises medium- long chain fatty acid triglycerides and nervonic acid, and the mass ratio of the medium-long chain fatty acid triglycerides to the nervonic acid is from 1:1 to 1440:1. The medium-long chain fatty acid triglycerides and the nervonic acid have a synergistic effect in the use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the food industry, and in particular to the application of a nutritional composition for increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor. Background Technology

[0002] Normal development, functional maintenance, and injury repair of the nervous system rely heavily on the regulation of neurotrophic factors. Among these, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) are two key neuroprotective and repair factors. BDNF is widely distributed in the brain and neural tissue, primarily regulating neuronal survival, synaptic plasticity, and learning and memory functions, and is closely related to depression, Alzheimer's disease, and brain injury. GDNF exhibits highly specific protective and regenerative effects on dopaminergic neurons and motor neurons, demonstrating significant repair potential in Parkinson's disease, spinal cord injury, and neurodegenerative diseases. Both BDNF and GDNF jointly participate in neuroprotection, synaptic remodeling, and neurogenesis, serving as important targets for the physiological functions of the nervous system and disease intervention, and are of great significance for research into the mechanisms of neurological diseases and the development of treatment strategies.

[0003] During infancy and early childhood, the brain exhibits exceptional plasticity, a crucial period for neuronal generation and synaptic plasticity. Scientific research has revealed that bioactive components such as nutrients, hormones, and growth factors play vital roles in this process. Certain natural compounds have been shown to promote neuronal generation and maturation, enhance synaptic connections, and improve neuronal plasticity. Furthermore, environmental factors, such as education, social interaction, and physical activity, also significantly influence brain development.

[0004] Early studies have shown that Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), containing 24% flavonoids and 6% terpene lactones, can enhance long-term potentiation by regulating the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway in the hippocampus; while Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides promote oligodendrocyte differentiation by activating the mTOR pathway. Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets, developed based on a combination of Ginkgo biloba extract and Cistanche deserticola polysaccharides, have been shown to enhance memory, supplement brain nutrition, and enhance brain cell vitality, thus promoting brain development. However, studies have found that the promoting effect of Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets on brain development remains limited, and the effect on healthy individuals is not significant; ginkgolic acid (an allergen) may remain during the extraction process, posing a risk of sensitization; the long growth cycle of Ginkgo trees (leaves from trees over 10 years old are usable) limits the availability of high-quality raw materials, resulting in higher prices. These issues restrict the application of Ginkgo biloba extract.

[0005] Chinese patent application CN119949517A discloses the use of a nutritional composition for non-therapeutic purposes to improve brain development and promote neural and / or cognitive development. The nutritional composition comprises medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and human milk oligosaccharides, wherein the mass ratio of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to the human milk oligosaccharides is from 1:1 to 9:1. In this composition, the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and human milk oligosaccharides have a synergistic effect in the stated use, significantly enhancing the composition's efficacy in improving brain development and promoting neural and / or cognitive development.

[0006] Chinese patent CN118556870B discloses a nutritional composition and its application in improving brain, nerve, and cognitive development. The nutritional composition provided by this invention comprises medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and casein phosphopeptides. In this composition, the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and casein phosphopeptides work synergistically to significantly enhance the composition's effect on improving brain, nerve, and cognitive development. This composition can be used to prevent or improve developmental delays in the brain, nervous system, and cognitive development; simultaneously, it can also be used to prevent or improve impaired learning ability, impaired mental and behavioral function, impaired memory, or reduced attention span, showing promising application prospects.

[0007] MX2018006293A discloses a synthetic nutritional composition containing fatty acid derivatives for promoting, supporting or optimizing brain structure, and / or brain connectivity, and / or intellectual potential, and / or cognitive potential and / or learning potential and / or cognitive function of subjects, especially subjects fed with formulated foods.

[0008] Currently, there are no reports of using a specific ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid to increase BDNF and / or GDNF expression. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention relates in a first aspect to the use of a nutritional composition for non-therapeutic purposes of increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, characterized in that the nutritional composition comprises medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and nervonic acid, and the mass ratio of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to the nervonic acid is from 2:1 to 1440:1.

[0010] In one embodiment, the application improves brain development or promotes cognitive development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0011] In one embodiment, the application nourishes or protects nerves or promotes nerve development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0012] In one embodiment, the application promotes visual function development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0013] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to nervonic acid is from 2:1 to 960:1.

[0014] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to nervonic acid is from 640:1 to 960:1.

[0015] In one embodiment, the mass ratio of medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to nervonic acid is 2:1, 2.4:1, 640:1, 960:1, or 1440:1.

[0016] In one implementation, the application enhances learning and / or memory function by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0017] In a second aspect, the use of the nutritional composition described herein in the preparation of products for increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor is provided, characterized in that the nutritional composition comprises medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and nervonic acid, and the mass ratio of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to the nervonic acid is from 2:1 to 1440:1.

[0018] In one embodiment, the product is used to improve brain development or promote cognitive development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0019] In one embodiment, the product is used to nourish or protect nerves or promote nerve development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0020] In one embodiment, the product is used to promote visual function development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0021] In one embodiment, the product is used to enhance learning and / or memory function by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0022] In one implementation, the product is a pharmaceutical or food product.

[0023] In one implementation, the food is a health product.

[0024] In one implementation, the food is infant food.

[0025] In one implementation, the food is one or more of dairy products, confectionery, beverages, bread, and biscuits.

[0026] In one implementation, the food is milk powder or fermented food.

[0027] In one embodiment, the milk powder is infant formula, children's formula, adolescent formula, formula for pregnant women, or formula for middle-aged and elderly people.

[0028] In one embodiment, the food further comprises one or more components selected from: raw milk, demineralized whey powder, whey protein concentrate, lactose, edible vegetable blend oil, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, nucleotides, choline, vitamins, minerals, DHA, and taurine.

[0029] In one embodiment, the dosage form of the pharmaceutical product is a powder, tablet, or liquid.

[0030] In a third aspect, a method for increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor is provided, the method comprising: administering the composition of the present invention to a subject in need, or administering the food of the present invention to a subject in need.

[0031] In one implementation, the subject is a healthy subject.

[0032] In one implementation, the subject is a human being. Attached Figure Description

[0033] Figure 1 This image shows a typical zebrafish movement trajectory after sample treatment. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The following definitions are provided to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Preferred materials and methods are described herein, but any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the practice of testing the invention. It should also be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting.

[0035] Terminology Definition

[0036] Unless otherwise indicated or defined, all terms used have their ordinary meaning in the art as would be understood by those skilled in the art. Furthermore, unless otherwise stated, all methods, steps, techniques, and operations not specifically detailed herein can and have been performed in a manner known per se as would be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0037] As used in this article, the term "medium-chain fatty acid" refers to fatty acids with 6-12 carbon atoms in their carbon chain, such as hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, and dodecanoic acid. The term "long-chain fatty acid" refers to fatty acids with 14 or more carbon atoms in their carbon chain, generally 14-30 carbon atoms, such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. The terms "medium-chain fatty acid triglycerides" and "long-chain fatty acid triglycerides" refer to the esterification products of medium-chain fatty acids and long-chain fatty acids with glycerol, respectively. The term "medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides" refers to triglycerides that contain both medium-chain and long-chain fatty acid residues in their molecular structure. Medium- and long-chain triglycerides (MLCTs) have attracted widespread attention as a star product among novel structural lipids. The main structural feature of MLCT is that it has both medium-chain and long-chain fatty acids bonded to a glycerol backbone. The fatty acid composition of MLCT is closer to that of breast milk, which is beneficial for fat digestion and absorption, improves the absorption of lipid nutrients, inhibits the accumulation of body fat, and provides rapid and stable energy (Medium- and Long-Chain Triacylglycerol: Preparation, Health Benefits, and Food Utilization; Research Progress on Long-Chain Triacylglycerols in Breast Milk). Furthermore, it possesses different metabolic characteristics and physiological functions compared to physically mixed long-chain and medium-chain triacylglycerols.

[0038] This invention does not have any particular requirements for the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides used; commonly used medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides in the art can be used. The medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides can be used in pure form or in a non-pure form rich in medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides. For example, the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides used in this invention can contain C6-C12 fatty acid residues and C14-C30 fatty acid residues. The C6-C12 fatty acid residues can be derived from one or more of the following: hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid, dodecanoic acid, etc. The C14-C30 fatty acid residues can be derived from one or more of the following: myristic acid, palmitic acid, heptadecanic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, nonadecanic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, icosanoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, tricarboxylic acid, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, etc. In some embodiments, the C6-C12 fatty acid residues are derived from one or more of the following: hexanoic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, and lauric acid; and / or the C14-C30 fatty acid residues are derived from one or more of the following: myristic acid, palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the C6-C12 fatty acid residues to the C14-C30 fatty acid residues is from 0.124 to 2.000. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of C6-C12 fatty acid residues to the C14-C30 fatty acid residues may be within the range defined by 0.124, 0.125, 0.130, 0.140, 0.150, 0.160, 0.170, 0.180, 0.190, 0.200, 0.300, 0.400, 0.500, 0.600, 0.700, 0.800, 0.900, 1.000, 1.100, 1.200, 1.300, 1.400, 1.500, 1.600, 1.700, 1.800, 1.900, 2.000, or any two thereof. In some embodiments, the "medium-chain fatty acid triglyceride" may be prepared according to the method of patent CN115369132A.

[0039] As used in this article, the term "nervonic acid (NA)," scientifically known as cis-15-tetracosenoic acid, is an ω-9 type monounsaturated fatty acid. It was first discovered in mammalian nerve tissue and is named after it. Nervonic acid is an important component of myelin nerve fiber biosynthesis. It is widely distributed in the brain and other nerve tissues, mainly in the form of glycosphingolipids and sphingomyelins. It is closely related to brain development, function maintenance, and nerve cell synthesis (Wang Ning, Chen Xianyang, Wang Chaodong. Nervonic acid and its application in the treatment of nervous system diseases [J]. Chinese Journal of Practical Pediatrics, 2024, 39(10): 726-730.). Nervonic acid is an essential nutrient for the growth, redevelopment, and maintenance of nerve cells, especially brain cells, optic nerve cells, and peripheral nerve cells. It can directly act on damaged nerve fibers, promoting the recovery of the damaged nerve cells' ability to receive stimuli, conduct impulses, integrate information, and remember information. It also promotes the regeneration of repaired nerves, thus effectively alleviating and restoring symptoms such as memory dysfunction, limb movement disorders, and paralysis caused by damage to nerve fibers and nerve cells, and significantly improving memory.

[0040] As used in this article, the term "brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)" is a protein synthesized in the brain that promotes nerve growth, primarily expressed in the hippocampus and cortex. BDNF is the most abundant and widely distributed neurotrophic factor in the central nervous system, closely related to brain development and function. Studies have shown that BDNF promotes the outward growth of neurons and the maturation of dendritic spines, playing a crucial role in neuronal survival, differentiation, and growth. BDNF promotes nerve cell growth and differentiation, maintains nerve cell survival and normal function, and is closely related to the formation and maintenance of spatial memory, as well as memory-related intellectual development. Furthermore, BDNF is a key neurotrophic factor for improving learning and memory, regulating brain development, synapse formation, memory, and learning. Promoting BDNF protein expression will be beneficial in promoting or improving neural development and enhancing individual learning and / or memory abilities.

[0041] As used in this article, the term "glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)" promotes the survival of different neuronal subsets at different stages of development in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, supporting the production of type I astrocytes, meningeal cells, neurons, and pineal gland cells. It has a strong protective and promoting effect on dopaminergic neurons (neurons damaged in Parkinson's disease), and is also crucial for motor neurons and some neurons in the peripheral nervous system, especially significantly promoting the survival of spinal motor neurons. Furthermore, after nerve injury, GDNF expression can promote nerve regeneration and improve recovery capacity.

[0042] The growth of BDNF and GDNF has a strong neuroprotective effect after brain development and maturation. In adulthood or after injury, the expression of BDNF and GDNF increases, mainly playing a role in protecting existing neurons and preventing their death. BDNF can promote the regeneration of injured neurons; GDNF, under pathological conditions such as Parkinson's disease and cerebral ischemia, plays a role in nourishing and protecting damaged neurons. As used in this article, the term "improving brain development" refers to promoting the maturation of brain structure and function in early life by optimizing the processes of nerve cell growth, synaptic connections, and neural network construction, comprehensively improving core abilities such as cognition, language, motor function, and emotion regulation; and in adulthood and old age, enhancing brain function reserves, maintaining efficient transmission of neural signals, and delaying age-related cognitive and motor function decline.

[0043] As used herein, the terms "individual" or "subject" refer to any animal, such as a mammal, preferably a human. In some embodiments, the subject is a subject with normal brain development or a healthy subject. In some embodiments, the subject is a subject who requires improvement in brain development, neurological developmental delay, and / or cognitive developmental delay.

[0044] Application or method of nutritional composition

[0045] The inventors unexpectedly discovered during their research that when medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and nervonic acid are used in combination at a defined mass ratio, the two can have a synergistic effect, synergistically increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0046] The first aspect of this invention provides an application of a nutritional composition for increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), characterized in that the nutritional composition comprises medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and nervonic acid, and the mass ratio of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to the nervonic acid is from 2:1 to 1440:1, for example 2.4:1, 2.5:1, 3.0:1, 4.0:1, 5.0:1, 6.0:1, 7.0:1, 8.0:1, 9.0:1, 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1, 50:1, 60:1, 70:1, 80:1, 90:1, 100:1, 110:1, 120:1, 130:1, 140:1, 150:1, 160:1, 170:1, 180:1, 190:1, 200:1, 210:1, 220:1, 230:1, 240:1, 250:1, 260:1, 270:1, 280:1, 290:1, 300:1, 310:1, 320:1, 330:1, 340:1, 350:1, 360:1, 370:1, 380:1, 390:1 400:1, 410:1, 420:1, 430:1, 440:1, 450:1, 460:1, 470:1, 480:1, 490:1, 500:1, 510:1, 520:1, 530:1, 540:1, 550:1, 560:1, 570:1, 580:1, 590:1, 600:1, 610:1, 620:1, 630:1, 640:1, 650:1, 660:1, 670:1, 680:1, 690:1, 700:1, 710:1, 720:1, 730:1, 740:1, 750:1, 760:1, 770:1 780:1, 790:1, 800:1, 810:1, 820:1, 830:1, 840:1, 850:1, 860:1, 870:1, 880:1, 890:1, 900:1, 910:1, 920:1, 930:1, 940:1, 950:1, 960:1, 970:1, 980:1, 990:1, 1000:1, 1010:1, 1020:1, 1030:1, 1040:1, 1050:1, 1060:1, 1070:1, 1080:1, 1090:1, 1100:1, 1110:1, 1120:1, 1130:1 1140:1, 1150:1, 1160:1, 1170:1, 1180:1, 1190:1, 1200:1, 1210:1, 1220:1, 1230:1, 1240:1, 1250:1, 1260:1, 1270:1, 1280:1, 1290:1, 1300:1, 1310:1, 1320:1, 1330:1, 1340:1, 1350:1, 1360:1, 1370:1, 1380:1, 1390:1, 1400:1, 1410:1, 1420:1, 1430:1, or 1440:1, or any range between them. Preferably, the mass ratio of medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to nervonic acid is from 2:1 to 960:1; more preferably, the mass ratio is from 640:1 to 960:1.

[0047] In some embodiments, the application improves brain development or promotes cognitive development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GNF). In some embodiments, the application nourishes, protects, or promotes neural development by increasing the expression of BDNF and / or GNF; or promotes visual function development.

[0048] In some embodiments, the application enhances learning and / or memory function by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0049] In this document, the above-described application of the nutritional composition or product may be for non-therapeutic purposes or for therapeutic purposes.

[0050] When used for non-therapeutic purposes, the nutritional composition can be used to prepare foods such as general foods, functional foods, or health foods. When used for therapeutic purposes, the nutritional composition can be prepared into pharmaceuticals.

[0051] In some embodiments, the uses of this invention are particularly directed toward infants, children or adolescents.

[0052] A second aspect of this invention relates to the use of the aforementioned nutritional composition in the preparation of products for increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GNF), characterized in that the nutritional composition comprises medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and nervonic acid, and the mass ratio of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to the nervonic acid is from 2:1 to 1440:1. The product may be, for example, a food or a pharmaceutical product. The food may be, for example, a functional food, a health food, or a health supplement. Those skilled in the art will readily understand that, in addition to the nutritional composition of this invention, the food may also include one or more other product components, such as one or more selected from: raw milk, demineralized whey powder, whey protein concentrate, lactose, edible vegetable oil blends, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, nucleotides, choline, vitamins, minerals, DHA, and taurine. For example, when the food is milk powder, in addition to the nutritional composition described in the first aspect of this invention, the milk powder may also include proteins such as α-lactalbumin and milk fat globule membrane protein; carbohydrates such as lactose; lipids; minerals such as calcium, iron, and phosphorus; vitamins; and other additives such as whey powder, choline tartrate, docosahexaenoic acid, arachidonic acid, and walnut oil. When the nutritional composition described herein is used as a pharmaceutical product, the product may also contain pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients. The product may also contain various food or pharmaceutically acceptable excipients (e.g., flavorings or colorings). The product may be in any suitable form, such as liquid, solid, powder, or gel, as long as it is suitable for use by the subject. When the product is a pharmaceutical product, it may be any dosage form, such as a solid dosage form (powder, tablet, etc.) or a liquid dosage form.

[0053] In some embodiments, the product is used to improve brain development or promote cognitive development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GNF). In some embodiments, the product is used to nourish, protect, or promote neural development by increasing the expression of BDNF and / or GNF; or to promote visual function development.

[0054] In some implementations, the product is used to enhance learning and / or memory function by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0055] In some embodiments, the product is a pharmaceutical or food product. Preferably, the food product is a health supplement. Preferably, the food product is infant formula. Preferably, the food product is a dairy product, confectionery, beverage, bread, or biscuit. Preferably, the food product is milk powder or fermented food. Preferably, the milk powder is infant formula.

[0056] In some implementations, the dosage form of the medicine is a powder, tablet, or liquid.

[0057] In some embodiments, the nervonic acid content may be from 0.002% to 0.3% based on the dry weight of the food. For example, based on the weight of the food, the nervonic acid content may be within the range defined by 0.002, 0.003, 0.004, 0.005, 0.006, 0.007, 0.008, 0.009, 0.10, 0.11, 0.12, 0.13, 0.14, 0.15, 0.16, 0.17, 0.18, 0.19, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30% dry weight or any two of these ranges. The content of medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides can be calculated based on the ratio of the two.

[0058] In some embodiments, the content of medium- and long-chain triglycerides may be from 0.016% to 30.0% based on the dry weight of the food. As an example, the content of medium- and long-chain triglycerides may be within the range defined by any two of the following dry weight percentages: 0.016%, 0.02%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, 4.0%, 5.0%, 6.0%, 7.0%, 8.0%, 9.0%, 10.0%, 11.0%, 12.0%, 13.0%, 14.0%, 15.0%, 16.0%, 17.0%, 18.0%, 19.0%, 20.0%, 21.0%, 22.0%, 23.0%, 24.0%, 25.0%, 26.0%, 27.0%, 28.0%, 29.0%, 30.0%.

[0059] The food product can be produced using preparation methods commonly used in the field, which will not be elaborated here.

[0060] In some embodiments, when the composition or product is taken orally in humans, the dosage of nervonic acid is 2-300 mg / day (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 160, 170, 180, 190, 200, 210, 220, 230, 240, 250, 260, 270, 280, 290, 300 mg / day or a range defined by any two of these). The dosage of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides can be calculated based on the ratio to nervonic acid.

[0061] In some embodiments, when the composition or product is taken orally in humans, the dosage of medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides is 0.016-30.0 g / day, for example, 0.016 g / day, 0.02 g / day, 0.05 g / day, 0.1 g / day, 0.2 g / day, 0.3 g / day, 0.4 g / day, 0.5 g / day, 0.6 g / day, 0.7 g / day, 0.8 g / day, 0.9 g / day, 1 g / day, 2 g / day, 3 g / day, 4 g / day, 5 g / day, 6 g / day, 7 g / day, 8 g / day, 9 g / day, 10 g / day, 11 g / day, 12 g / day, 13 g / day, 14 g / day, 15 g / day, 16 g / day, 17 g / day, 18 g / day, 19 g / day, 20 g / day, 21 g / day, etc. g / day, 22 g / day, 23 g / day, 24 g / day, 25 g / day, 26 g / day, 27 g / day, 28 g / day, 29 g / day, or 30 g / day or any range thereof.

[0062] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a method for increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, the method comprising: administering the composition described herein to a subject in need, or administering the food described herein to a subject in need.

[0063] The nutritional compositions or products described herein can be applied to healthy individuals or subjects, or to subjects who require increased expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

[0064] Example

[0065] The invention will be more readily understood by referring to the following embodiments, which are only used to illustrate certain aspects and implementations of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0066] Unless otherwise stated, all reagents used in this embodiment are commercially available or conventional materials. The medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides in all the following embodiments are derived from medium- and long-chain fatty acid edible oils produced by Qingdao Haizhiyuan Life Science Technology Co., Ltd., with production batch number Y1505-22120101.

[0067] Nervonic acid was purchased from Guangzhou Green Extract Biotechnology, with production batch number FH20240120.

[0068] Positive control: Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets (Amway Nutrilite Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets, provided by Amway (China) Daily Necessities Co., Ltd.). Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets are a traditional Chinese medicine, mainly composed of ginkgo leaf extract and Cistanche deserticola (also known as Rou Cong Rong). This medicine is often used to improve brain function, promote blood circulation, and enhance immunity.

[0069] The 5 dpf wild-type AB strain zebrafish were provided by Hangzhou Huante Biological Fish Farming Center and bred through natural pair mating, with an age of 5 dpf. The 3 dpf wild-type AB strain zebrafish were also provided by Hangzhou Huante Biological Fish Farming Center and bred through natural pair mating, with an age of 3 dpf.

[0070] Statistical results are expressed as mean ± SE. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

[0071] Example 1: Determination of Maximum Tolerated Concentration (MTC) for a Single Sample

[0072] Wild-type AB strain zebrafish, 3 days post-fertilization (3 dpf), were randomly selected and placed in beakers, with 30 zebrafish treated in each beaker (experimental group). The samples were administered in water dispersion (concentrations shown in Table 1), and a normal control group was also included. Each beaker had a volume of 20 mL. After treatment at 28℃ for 2 days, the MTC of the samples relative to normal zebrafish was measured.

[0073] Table 1. Results of the experiment exploring the maximum detectable concentration of single samples to promote brain development (n = 30)

[0074]

[0075] As shown in Table 1, the MTC of medium- and long-chain triglycerides was 2000 μg / mL; the MTC of nervonic acid was also 2000 μg / mL. Subsequent dosing experiments were designed based on the above MTC values.

[0076] Example 2: Experiment to promote the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF)

[0077] bdnf and its receptors are widely expressed in the nervous system, with the highest content in the hippocampus and cortex. Their specific mechanisms of action in the central nervous system are as follows: (1) increasing synaptic plasticity, thereby affecting long-term potentiation (nLTP), which is the basis for learning and memory formation (secondary memory); (2) promoting neurogenesis, especially in the hippocampus; (3) promoting cell survival, mainly manifested in maintaining and promoting the development, differentiation, growth, and regeneration of various neurons, especially serotonergic (5-HT) and dopaminergic (DA) neurons. gdnf, on the other hand, promotes the survival of different neuronal subsets at different stages of development in both the central and peripheral nervous systems, supporting the production of type I astrocytes, neuronal membrane cells, neurons, pineal gland cells, etc., with a particularly significant effect on promoting the survival of spinal motor neurons. Therefore, upregulation of the expression levels of these two genes can promote the development of the central nervous system and nerves, thereby promoting learning and memory formation, and are representative genes of brain development.

[0078] In this embodiment, the synergistic effect can be characterized by the synergistic coefficient. Considering the dosage of the components, the strength of the synergistic effect can be further characterized by the synergistic coefficient per unit dose (also known as the contribution rate of the unit dose to the synergistic coefficient).

[0079] Regarding BDNF gene expression, the synergistic coefficient of the formulation can be calculated according to Equation 1, and the synergistic coefficient per unit dose of the formulation can be calculated according to Equation 2; regarding GDNF gene expression, the synergistic coefficient of the formulation can be calculated according to Equation 3, and the synergistic coefficient per unit dose of the formulation can be calculated according to Equation 2.

[0080] Equation 1

[0081] Synergy coefficient = (Relative increase in bdnf gene expression in the formulation compared to the normal control group) / (Sum of relative increases in bdnf gene expression in the two corresponding samples in the formulation compared to the normal control group);

[0082] Equation 2

[0083] Synergy coefficient per unit dose = synergy coefficient of the formulation / sum of the doses of the two components of the formulation.

[0084] Equation 3

[0085] Synergy coefficient = (Relative increase in gdnf gene expression in the formulation compared to the normal control group) / (Sum of relative increases in gdnf gene expression in the two corresponding samples in the formulation compared to the normal control group).

[0086] The synergy coefficient is the ratio of the improvement brought about by the combination of MLCT and nervonic acid to the sum of the improvements brought about by the two individual samples (comparative examples). A synergy coefficient greater than 1 indicates a synergistic effect. The larger the synergy coefficient, the better the effect.

[0087] The synergistic coefficient per unit dose reflects the strength of the synergistic effect of formulations containing different doses of MLCT and nervonic acid. The larger the synergistic coefficient per unit dose, the stronger the contribution of the unit dose to the synergistic effect.

[0088] Since each well has the same volume, the dose is directly proportional to the concentration. For the sake of simplicity, only the concentration is used, without further introducing the well volume, to calculate the synergistic coefficient per unit dose.

[0089] Five dpf wild-type AB strain zebrafish were randomly selected and placed in beakers, with 30 zebrafish treated in each beaker (experimental group). Samples (concentrations shown in Tables 2 and 3) were administered, along with a positive control of Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets at a concentration of 125 μg / mL. A normal control group was also included. Each beaker had a volume of 20 mL. Each experimental group was run in triplicate. After treatment at 28℃ for one day, total RNA was extracted from the zebrafish using a pre-loaded magnetic bead universal RNA extraction kit (Universal RNA Extraction TL Kit C) (batch number TL2503001643C, ONREW Biotechnology Co., Ltd., China). The concentration and purity of the total RNA were determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Total RNA from 2.00 μg zebrafish samples was collected, and 20.0 μL of cDNA was synthesized according to the instructions of the Hifair-II-1st Strand-cDNA·Synthesis SuperMix for gPCR, batch number H4509060, Yisheng Biotechnology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., China. The expression of β-actin, gdnf, and bdnf genes was detected by q-PCR (qPCR amplification conditions were as follows: 95℃ for 2 minutes; 95℃ for 5 seconds, 60℃ for 30 seconds, 40 cycles; primer information is shown in Table 2). β-actin was used as an internal control for gene expression, and the relative RNA expression levels of gdnf and bdnf genes were calculated.

[0090] Statistical results are expressed as mean ± SE. Statistical analysis between the two groups was performed using SPSS software; a p-value < 0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference.

[0091] Table 2 Primer sequence information

[0092]

[0093] (1) Effect of the combination of MLCT and nervonic acid on bdnf gene expression

[0094] Table 3. Experimental results of samples promoting brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression (n = 10)

[0095]

[0096] Note: Compared with the normal control group. P<0.05 P<0.01 P < 0.001. Synergistic increase = the increase in relative gene expression caused by the formulation group - the sum of the increases in relative gene expression caused by the corresponding concentration of the single sample group. "-" indicates that there is no synergistic effect.

[0097] As shown in Table 3, compared with the normal control group, the positive control drug (Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets 125 μg / mL), MLCT alone (600 µg / mL, 900 µg / mL), and nervonic acid alone (250 µg / mL) all significantly increased the relative expression level of the bdnf gene (P < 0.05).

[0098] Furthermore, compared with the normal control, the combined use of MLCT and nervonic acid (Formulas 2-5) significantly increased the relative expression level of the bdnf gene (P < 0.05). Table 3 shows that, in terms of composition and content, Formula 3 is equivalent to the combination of Comparative Examples 2 and 4. The relative expression levels of the bdnf gene in zebrafish relative to the normal control group in Comparative Examples 2 and 4 were 0.3 and 0.09, respectively. If the effects of the two were simply additive, the total relative expression level relative to the normal control group should not exceed 0.3 + 0.09 = 0.39. However, Formula 3 resulted in a relative expression level of 0.47 for the bdnf gene in zebrafish relative to the normal control group, which is greater than the relative expression level of the bdnf gene after the direct additive effect of the two (0.39). This indicates a synergistic effect between MLCT and nervonic acid, which can synergistically increase the relative expression level of the bdnf gene. Similarly, for Formulas 1 and Formulas 4-5, a synergistic effect between MLCT and nervonic acid can also be observed, synergistically increasing the relative expression level of the bdnf gene.

[0099] Taking Formula 1 as an example, Formula 1 (MLCT + nervonic acid) is equivalent to the combination of Comparative Example 1 (MLCT) and Comparative Example 4 (nervonic acid). Formula 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 4 increased the relative expression level of the bdnf gene by 0.08, -0.03, and 0.09 compared to the normal control group, respectively. The synergy coefficient of Formula 1 = 0.08 / (-0.03+0.09) = 1.33 > 1. That is, the increase in relative expression level of the bdnf gene by Formula 1 compared to the normal control group (0.08) is greater than the sum of the increases in relative expression levels of the bdnf gene by Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 compared to the normal control group (0.06). Furthermore, considering the concentrations of each component (MLCT: 400 μg / mL, nervonic acid: 0.625 μg / mL), the synergy coefficient per unit dose of Formula 1 = 1.33 / (400+0.625) = 0.0033.

[0100] As shown in Table 3, the synergistic coefficients of formulations 1, 3, 4, and 5 are all greater than 1 (1.33, 1.21, 1.31, and 1.02, respectively), indicating a significant synergistic effect between MLCT and nervonic acid at these ratios. However, formulation 2 (ratio 1.6:1) did not show a synergistic effect at this ratio, and may even exhibit slight antagonism or insufficient additive effect. The synergistic coefficients of formulations 1, 3, 4, and 5 are all greater than 1, suggesting that MLCT and nervonic acid have a synergistic effect in promoting bdnf expression.

[0101] In formulations 1, 3, 4, and 5, the mass ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid ranged from 2.4 to 1440. Therefore, formulations with a mass ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid of 2.4 to 1440 exhibited a synergistic effect in promoting bdnf expression.

[0102] Furthermore, as shown in Table 3, formulations 1, 3, 4, and 5 all exhibit satisfactory synergistic coefficients per unit dose. Satisfactory synergistic coefficients per unit dose can be obtained when the mass ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid is in the range of 2.4 to 1440, preferably 2.4 to 960, and more preferably 640 to 960.

[0103] (2) Effect of the combination of MLCT and nervonic acid on gdnf gene expression

[0104] Table 4. Results of experiments on the promotion of glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) expression in samples (n = 10)

[0105]

[0106] Note: Compared with the normal control group. P<0.05 P<0.01 P<0.001. Synergistic increase = the amount by which the formulation group increased the relative gene expression level - the sum of the amount by which the corresponding concentration of the single sample group increased the relative gene expression level.

[0107] As shown in Table 4, compared with the normal control group, the positive control drug (Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets 125 μg / mL), MLCT alone (900 µg / mL), and nervonic acid alone (250 µg / mL) all significantly increased the relative expression level of the gdnf gene (P < 0.05).

[0108] Furthermore, compared with the normal control, the combined use of MLCT and nervonic acid (Formulas 1-5) significantly increased the relative expression level of the gdnf gene (P < 0.05). Table 4 shows that, in terms of formulation composition and content, Formula 3 is equivalent to the combination of Comparative Examples 2 and 4. The relative expression levels of the gdnf gene in zebrafish relative to the normal control group in Comparative Examples 2 and 4 were 0.09 and 0.1, respectively. If the effects of the two were simply additive, the total relative expression level relative to the normal control group should not exceed 0.09 + 0.1 = 0.19. However, Formula 3 resulted in a relative expression level of 1.1 for the gdnf gene in zebrafish relative to the normal control group, which is greater than the relative expression level of the gdnf gene after the direct additive effect of the two (0.19). This indicates a synergistic effect between MLCT and nervonic acid, which can synergistically increase the relative expression level of the gdnf gene. Similarly, for Formulas 1-2 and 4-5, a synergistic effect between MLCT and nervonic acid can also be observed, synergistically increasing the relative expression level of the gdnf gene.

[0109] Furthermore, the synergistic effect can be characterized by the synergistic coefficient. Considering the dosage of the components, the strength of the synergistic effect can be further characterized by the synergistic coefficient per unit dose (also known as the contribution rate of the unit dose to the synergistic coefficient).

[0110] Taking Formula 1 as an example, Formula 1 (MLCT + nervonic acid) is equivalent to the combination of Comparative Example 1 (MLCT) and Comparative Example 4 (nervonic acid). The relative expression levels of the gdnf gene increased by Formula 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 4 compared to the normal control group by 1.02, 0.13, and 0.1, respectively. The synergy coefficient of Formula 1 = 1.02 / (0.13+0.1) = 4.43 > 1. That is, the relative expression level of the gdnf gene increased by Formula 1 compared to the normal control group (1.02) is greater than the sum of the relative expression levels of the gdnf gene increased by Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 compared to the normal control group (0.23). Furthermore, considering the concentrations of each component (MLCT: 400 μg / mL, nervonic acid: 0.625 μg / mL), the synergy coefficient per unit dose of Formula 1 = 4.43 / (400+0.625) = 0.0111.

[0111] As shown in Table 4, the synergistic coefficients of formulations 1-5 are all greater than 1, indicating that MLCT and nervonic acid have a synergistic effect in promoting gdnf expression.

[0112] In formulations 1-5, the mass ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid ranges from 1.6 to 1440. Therefore, formulations with a mass ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid of 1.6 to 1440 exhibit a synergistic effect in promoting GDNF expression.

[0113] Furthermore, as shown in Table 4, formulations 1-5 all exhibit satisfactory synergistic coefficients per unit dose. Satisfactory synergistic coefficients per unit dose can be obtained when the mass ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid is in the range of 1.6 to 1440, preferably 640 to 960.

[0114] Example 3: Evaluation Experiment of Efficacy in Promoting Brain Development (Behavioral Science)

[0115] Color preference tests are frequently used to assess the brain development of zebrafish and evaluate their color perception. Zebrafish prefer shorter wavelengths of color, and compared to other colors (such as red, yellow, and green), they show a strong preference for blue. As brain development progresses, this preference for blue becomes more pronounced; the more movement the zebrafish engages in the blue area, the more mature its cognition and the higher its brain development.

[0116] Synergistic effects can be characterized by synergy coefficients. Considering the dosage of the components, the strength of the synergistic effect can be further characterized by the synergy coefficient per unit dose (also known as the contribution rate of the unit dose to the synergy coefficient).

[0117] In this embodiment, the synergistic coefficient of the formulation can be calculated according to Equation 4, and the synergistic coefficient per unit dose of the formulation can be calculated according to Equation 5:

[0118] Equation 4

[0119] Synergy coefficient = percentage increase in blue area of ​​the formulation compared to the normal control group (%) / sum of percentage increase in blue area of ​​the two corresponding samples in the formulation compared to the normal control group (%);

[0120] Equation 5

[0121] Synergy coefficient per unit dose = synergy coefficient of the formulation / sum of the doses of the two components of the formulation.

[0122] Five dpf wild-type AB strain zebrafish were randomly selected and placed in beakers, with 30 zebrafish treated in each beaker (experimental group). Samples (concentrations shown in Table 5) were administered, along with a positive control of Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets at a concentration of 125 μg / mL. A normal control group was also included. Each beaker had a volume of 20 mL. After treatment at 28℃ for one day, five zebrafish from each experimental group were randomly selected and placed in a cross-shaped module. The module was divided into four regions: yellow, blue, red, and green. Six modules were placed in each group. The percentage of blue areas in the zebrafish was measured using a behavior analyzer (Zebra Lab 3.22.3.31, ViewPoint, France; data collection method: this data could be automatically exported by the instrument). The statistical analysis results of this index were used to evaluate the brain development promotion effect of the samples. Statistical results are expressed as mean ± SE. Statistical analysis between the two groups was performed using SPSS software. P < 0.05 indicated a statistically significant difference.

[0123] Table 5. Results of the experiment evaluating the efficacy of the samples in promoting brain development (behavioral) (n = 6) compared to the results of the experiment (n = 30).

[0124]

[0125] Note: Compared with the normal control group. P<0.05 P<0.01 P<0.001. Synergistic increase = the increase in the proportion of blue area caused by the formulation group - the sum of the increases in the proportion of blue area caused by the corresponding concentration of the single sample group.

[0126] Figure 1 This displays a typical zebrafish movement trajectory after sample treatment. The blue, red, yellow, and green boxes correspond to the color areas of the "+" module, representing the quantitative regions. (From Table 5...) Figure 1 The results showed that, compared with the normal control group, the positive control drug (Ginkgo biloba and Cistanche deserticola tablets 125 μg / mL), MLCT alone (600 µg / mL, 900 µg / mL), and nervonic acid alone (250 µg / mL) all significantly increased the percentage of the blue area (P < 0.05).

[0127] Furthermore, compared with the normal control, the combined use of MLCT and nervonic acid (formulas 1-5) significantly increased the percentage of blue regions (P < 0.05). Table 5 shows that, in terms of formulation composition and content, formula 3 is equivalent to the combination of comparative examples 2 and 4. Comparative examples 2 and 4 increased the percentage of blue regions in zebrafish by 7.9 and -0.8% respectively compared to the normal control group. If the effects of the two were simply additive, the total relative expression level relative to the normal control group should not exceed 7.9 + (-0.8) = 7.1. However, formula 3 increased the percentage of blue regions in zebrafish by 11.7% compared to the normal control group, which is greater than the increase in the percentage of blue regions in the control group after the direct additive effect of the two (7.1%). This indicates a synergistic effect between MLCT and nervonic acid, which can synergistically increase the percentage of blue regions in zebrafish. Similarly, for formulas 1-2 and 4-5, a synergistic effect between MLCT and nervonic acid can also be observed, synergistically increasing the percentage of blue regions.

[0128] Taking Formula 1 as an example, Formula 1 (MLCT + nervonic acid) is equivalent to the combination of Comparative Example 1 (MLCT) and Comparative Example 4 (nervonic acid). The percentage increase in blue area (%) of Formula 1, Comparative Example 1, and Comparative Example 4 compared to the normal control group are 9.9, 3.5, and -0.8, respectively. The synergy coefficient of Formula 1 = 9.9 / (3.5-0.8) = 3.67 > 1. That is, the percentage increase in blue area (%) of Formula 1 compared to the normal control group (9.9) is greater than the sum of the percentage increases in blue area (%) of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 4 compared to the normal control group (2.7). Furthermore, considering the concentration of each component (MLCT: 400 μg / mL, nervonic acid: 0.625 μg / mL), the synergy coefficient per unit dose of Formula 1 = 3.67 / (400+0.625) = 0.0092.

[0129] As shown in Table 5, the synergistic coefficients of formulations 1-5 are all greater than 1, indicating a synergistic effect between MLCT and nervonic acid in promoting the percentage of blue region. In formulations 1-5, the mass ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid ranges from 1.6 to 1440. Therefore, formulations with a mass ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid of 1.6 to 1440 exhibit a synergistic effect in promoting the percentage of blue region.

[0130] Furthermore, as shown in Table 5, formulations 1-5 all exhibit satisfactory synergistic coefficients per unit dose. In formulation 2, MLCT: 400 μg / mL, nervonic acid: 250 μg / mL; in formulation 1, MLCT: 400 μg / mL, nervonic acid: 0.625 μg / mL. Both formulations 2 and 1 have the same MLCT dose, and the nervonic acid dose is: formulation 2 (250 μg / mL) > formulation 1 (0.625 μg / mL), but the synergistic coefficient per unit dose is: formulation 1 (0.0092) > formulation 2 (0.0019). Formulation 1 achieves a higher synergistic coefficient per unit dose with a smaller dose. Similarly, the same situation occurred between formulations 3 and 4. This further illustrates that, under specific ratios, MLCT and nervonic acid have a synergistic effect in promoting the percentage (%) of the blue region.

[0131] Specifically, the synergistic coefficients of unit doses of formulations 1-5 are ranked as follows: formulation 1 > formulation 3 > formulation 2 > formulation 5 = formulation 4. Therefore, a satisfactory synergistic coefficient per unit dose can be obtained when the mass ratio of MLCT to nervonic acid is in the range of 1.6 to 1440, preferably 640 to 960.

[0132] in conclusion

[0133] In summary, the MLCT and nervonic acid composition of the present invention can not only synergistically promote the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), but also synergistically increase the percentage of blue regions (%).

[0134] The above description is merely an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make improvements to the present invention without departing from the inventive concept, and all such improvements fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The use of a nutritional composition for non-therapeutic purposes of increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, characterized in that, The nutritional composition comprises medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and nervonic acid, and the mass ratio of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to the nervonic acid is from 2:1 to 1440:

1.

2. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to the nervonic acid is from 2:1 to 960:

1.

3. The application according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass ratio of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to the nervonic acid is 640:1 to 960:

1.

4. The application according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The application aims to improve brain development or promote cognitive development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

5. The application according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The application enhances learning and / or memory function by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

6. The application according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The application aims to nourish, protect, or promote nerve development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

7. The use of the nutritional composition in the preparation of products for increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor, characterized in that, The nutritional composition comprises medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides and nervonic acid, and the mass ratio of the medium- and long-chain fatty acid triglycerides to the nervonic acid is from 2:1 to 1440:

1.

8. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The product is intended to improve brain development or promote cognitive development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

9. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The product is intended to enhance learning and / or memory function by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

10. The application according to claim 7, characterized in that, The product is intended to nourish, protect, or promote nerve development by increasing the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and / or glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor.

11. The application according to any one of claims 7-10, characterized in that, The product in question is either a pharmaceutical or a food product.

12. The application according to claim 11, characterized in that, The food in question is a health supplement.

13. The application according to claim 11, characterized in that, The food in question is infant food.

14. The application according to claim 11, characterized in that, The food products mentioned are dairy products, candies, beverages, bread, or biscuits.

15. The application according to claim 11, characterized in that, The food product is milk powder or fermented food.

16. The application according to claim 15, characterized in that, The milk powder is infant formula, children's formula, youth formula, formula for pregnant women, or formula for the middle-aged and elderly.

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