A folding chair ladder based on trigonometry and lateral clamping mechanism

Abstract

The application discloses a folding chair ladder based on trigonometry and lateral clamping mechanisms and belongs to the folding chair ladder field, which comprises a main body support frame, the cross section of the main body support frame is a right trapezoid, the top end of the oblique side of the main body support frame is hingedly connected with a back plate assembly, the upper front side of the back plate assembly is hingedly connected with a seat panel, a turnover mechanism is connected between the main body support frame and the back plate assembly, and a chair state lateral locking mechanism is fixed on the front side cross beam of the main body support frame. The folding chair ladder adopts a double-working-condition trigonometric support structure with back plate function multiplexing, the back plate under the chair state serves as a backrest component to provide human body leaning support, the back plate under the ladder state is converted into a ground supporting component through turnover, and the main body frame, the steps and the ground supporting component jointly form a trigonometric rigid support system, the overturning resistance and the bearing stability under the ladder state working condition are obviously improved, the function of a single component is efficiently multiplexed, and the problem of many independent supporting components and structural redundancy of the traditional chair ladder is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of folding chair ladder technology, specifically relating to a folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous acceleration of urbanization in my country, the proportion of small and medium-sized apartments in the housing market continues to increase, and the efficient use of living space has become one of the core requirements of modern furniture design. In daily household use, chairs and ladders are two indispensable tools: chairs are used for sitting and resting, while ladders are used for temporary climbing to retrieve items, cleaning, and maintenance. However, traditional chairs and ladders are mostly independently designed, single-function products. Chairs occupy fixed indoor space for a long time, and although ladders are used less frequently, they still require a dedicated storage area. This results in a serious waste of space resources in limited living spaces, making it difficult to meet the requirements of small apartments for intensive space utilization.

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, various integrated folding chair and ladder products have emerged on the market, and related technologies have also seen some development. For example, existing technologies disclose various structures that achieve chair-to-ladder conversion via hinges and connecting rods. Some products also integrate storage functions to further improve space utilization. However, through searching and analyzing existing patent technologies and market products, it was found that current folding chair and ladder products still have many technical defects that urgently need to be addressed: First, existing products generally adopt a purely manual hinged folding method, which is cumbersome and laborious in the state transition process. Users need to manually move and adjust multiple components, which is inconvenient to operate and poses safety hazards such as pinching hands. It is especially unsuitable for the elderly, children and people with weak physical strength. Manual transition makes it difficult to ensure the synchronization and positioning accuracy of the movement of each component, which can easily lead to problems such as incomplete transition and structural jamming.

[0004] Secondly, in terms of support structure design, existing folding chair ladders mostly adopt simple linkage hinge support forms, lacking a rigid and stable support system based on the principle of triangular mechanics. When used in ladder mode, the overall structure has poor anti-overturning ability and load-bearing stability. When the user stands on a higher step, it is easy to sway or even overturn. Although some products are equipped with triangular auxiliary supports, they are only used as passive support components and have not achieved organic integration with the main structure. Moreover, they cannot be reused between chair mode and ladder mode, which increases structural complexity and manufacturing cost.

[0005] Third, the locking methods of existing products are mostly simple mechanical limits, pins, or buckles, which are passive locking methods with low reliability. After long-term use, they are prone to loosening due to component wear and increased gaps. More importantly, the existing technology does not design differentiated locking schemes for the different stress characteristics of the chair and ladder states: in the chair state, it mainly bears vertical sitting loads and requires rigid positioning to prevent swaying; in the ladder state, it mainly bears dynamic stepping loads and lateral disturbances and requires end locking to prevent structural folding. A single locking method cannot meet the safety requirements of both working conditions at the same time, which poses a significant safety hazard. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism, wherein the cross-section of the main support frame is a right trapezoid, and a back panel assembly is hinged to the top of the hypotenuse of the main support frame; a seat panel is hinged to the upper front side of the back panel assembly; a flipping mechanism is connected between the main support frame and the back panel assembly; a chair-state lateral locking mechanism is fixed on the front crossbeam of the main support frame; a trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism is fixed to the inner middle of the main support frame; a top armrest mechanism is fixed to the top of the back panel assembly; and a battery compartment is fixed to the lower inner side of the main support frame. The battery compartment is electrically connected to the flipping mechanism, the chair-state lateral locking mechanism, the trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism, and the top armrest mechanism, respectively.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a first ladder plate and a second ladder plate are fixed between the front vertical beams of the main support frame, and a third ladder plate and a fourth ladder plate are fixed on the inner side of the back plate assembly. The width values ​​of the first ladder plate, the second ladder plate, the fourth ladder plate and the third ladder plate decrease sequentially. In the ladder configuration, the first ladder plate, the second ladder plate, the fourth ladder plate and the third ladder plate are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the flipping mechanism includes a flipping motor fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main support frame. The output shaft of the flipping motor is coaxially fixed with a first-stage driving gear, which meshes with a first-stage driven gear. The first-stage driven gear is coaxially fixed with a second-stage driving gear, which meshes with a second-stage driven gear. The second-stage driven gear is coaxially fixed with a third-stage driving gear, which meshes with a third-stage driven gear. The third-stage driven gear is coaxially fixed with a driving crank. The driving crank is hinged to a front-stage connecting rod, which is hinged to a triangular rigid member.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the chair-style lateral locking mechanism includes a locking servo motor, which is fixed to the front crossbeam of the main support frame. The output shaft of the locking servo motor is coaxially fixed with a locking hook plate. The back plate assembly is fixedly connected to a locking lug at the bottom of the seat panel. The locking hook plate engages with the locking lug in a slot.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism includes a locking drive motor, which is fixed to the inner wall of the main support frame. A chair-type locking output gear is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the locking drive motor. A transmission column is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the main support frame and the same plane as the locking drive motor. A mating gear that meshes with the chair-type locking output gear is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission column. End gears are coaxially fixed to both ends of the transmission column. Guide sleeves are fixedly connected to both sides of the main support frame. Locking tooth plates are slidably installed inside the guide sleeves, and each locking tooth plate meshes with an end gear. A locking plate is fixed to the inner crossbeam of the backplate assembly, and a locking hole is provided on the locking plate. The end of the locking tooth plate is inserted into the locking hole.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the top armrest mechanism includes two protective covers fixedly connected to both sides of the back panel assembly. One of the protective covers has an armrest drive motor fixedly connected to its bottom. Both protective covers have synchronous belt gears rotatably connected inside, and one of the synchronous belt gears is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the armrest drive motor. The back panel assembly has a through slot inside, and the two synchronous belt gears are connected by a synchronous transmission belt located inside the through slot. A central screw is rotatably connected to the inside of one side of each of the two protective covers. A transmission gear sleeve is fixedly connected to one end of each central screw inside the protective cover. Each synchronous belt gear is coaxially fixedly connected to a first transmission gear.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the back panel assembly includes an integrally connected backrest and a ladder section. The top end of the backrest is fixedly connected to a top handrail mechanism, the bottom end of the ladder section is hinged to the output end of a flipping mechanism, and the third and fourth ladder plates are horizontally fixed to the inner side of the ladder section.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the first transmission gear meshes with a second transmission gear, the second transmission gear is coaxially fixed with a third transmission gear, the third transmission gear meshes with a fourth transmission gear, one side of the fourth transmission gear meshes with a transmission gear sleeve, the bottom of the protective cover is fixedly connected to a limiting guide rail, the outside of the limiting guide rail is slidably connected to a threaded transmission sleeve threaded to the outside of the central screw, and each threaded transmission sleeve is fixedly connected to the outside of a handrail body.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the front-stage connecting rod is hinged to the right angle of the triangular rigid member, one end of the triangular rigid member is hinged to the main support frame, and the other end of the triangular rigid member is hinged to an end swing rod. One end of the end swing rod is hinged to an output connector, the output connector is bolted to the back plate assembly, and the other end of the output connector is hinged to the main support frame at an obtuse angle. The flipping mechanism consists of two sets, and the two sets of flipping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main support frame.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, the battery compartment contains a DC lithium battery pack. The output end of the battery compartment is electrically connected to the drive elements of the flipping mechanism, the chair-state lateral locking mechanism, the ladder-state lateral clamping mechanism, and the top armrest mechanism via wires. A charging interface and a power switch are provided on the outside of the battery compartment.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: This invention adopts a dual-condition triangular support structure with a reusable back panel. In chair mode, the back panel serves as a backrest component to provide support for the human body. In trapezoidal mode, the back panel is flipped to become a ground support component, which together with the main frame and steps forms a triangular mechanical rigid support system. This significantly improves the anti-overturning capacity and load-bearing stability in trapezoidal mode, realizes the efficient reuse of the function of a single component, and solves the problem of multiple independent support components and structural redundancy in traditional chair ladders.

[0018] The automatic flipping drive mechanism of this invention adopts a combination of a three-stage gear reduction transmission and a multi-link flipping mechanism containing a triangular rigid component. Through synchronous drive by dual-sided servo motors, it realizes a fully automatic and smooth transition between chair and ladder states. The three-stage gear reduction mechanism provides low-speed, high-torque output, and the multi-link mechanism ensures continuous and smooth motion without mechanical interference during the posture transition process. It eliminates the need for manual operation and improves ease of use.

[0019] This invention features a dual-condition differentiated lateral locking mechanism, with dedicated locking schemes designed for the force characteristics of the two conditions. In chair mode, a mechanical locking method using a gear rack and buckle is employed, achieving rigid positioning through geometric constraints and effectively suppressing structural swaying during sitting. In ladder mode, a servo motor-driven flip-over buckle is used to lock the end of the crossbeam, forming a reliable end constraint to prevent the structure from folding back or loosening under load, significantly improving the safety and structural stability under different conditions.

[0020] The top handrail mechanism of this invention adopts a synchronous telescopic structure of a single motor, a synchronous belt, and double-sided lead screw slides. A single drive motor achieves mechanical synchronous distribution of power on both sides via the synchronous belt, driving the lead screw slides on both sides to extend and retract the handrail synchronously. In the ladder state, the handrail extends to provide safe grip support for climbing operations, and in the chair state, the handrail is completely retracted without occupying extra space. There is no tilting or jamming during the movement, which fills the technical gap in the prior art where the handrail cannot automatically extend and retract synchronously. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the transformation of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a bottom view of the structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a front view of the top armrest mechanism; Figure 5 This is a front view of the flipping mechanism; Figure 6 This is a side view of the chair position. Figure 7 This is a side view of the trapezoidal structure.

[0022] In the diagram: 1. Main support frame; 101. First step plate; 102. Second step plate; 2. Backrest assembly; 201. Backrest; 202. Ladder section; 203. Third step plate; 204. Fourth step plate; 3. Seat panel; 4. Top armrest mechanism; 401. Armrest drive motor; 402. Protective cover; 403. Synchronous belt gear; 404. Through groove; 405. Synchronous transmission belt; 406. First transmission gear; 407. Second transmission gear; 408. Third transmission gear; 409. Fourth transmission gear; 4010. Transmission gear sleeve; 4011. Central screw; 4012. Threaded transmission sleeve; 4013. Limiting guide rail; 4014. Armrest body; 5. Ladder-shaped lateral clamping mechanism; 501. Locking drive motor 502. Chair-type locking output gear; 503. Transmission column; 504. Matching gear; 505. End gear; 506. Guide sleeve; 507. Locking gear plate; 508. Locking plate; 509. Locking hole; 6. Tilting mechanism; 601. Tilting motor; 602. First-stage driving gear; 603. First-stage driven gear; 604. Second-stage driving gear; 605. Second-stage driven gear; 606. Third-stage driving gear; 607. Third-stage driven gear; 608. Driving crank; 609. Front connecting rod; 6010. Triangular rigid component; 6011. End swing arm; 6012. Output connector; 7. Chair-type lateral locking mechanism; 701. Locking servo; 702. Locking lug; 703. Locking hook plate; 8. Battery compartment. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0024] The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but should not be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The conditions in the embodiments can be further adjusted according to specific conditions, and simple improvements to the method of the present invention under the premise of the concept of the present invention are all within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0025] Please see Figures 1-7 This invention provides a folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism, including a main support frame 1. The main support frame 1 has a right-angled trapezoidal cross-section, and a back panel assembly 2 is hinged to the top of the hypotenuse of the main support frame 1. A seat panel 3 is hinged to the upper front side of the back panel assembly 2. A flipping mechanism 6 connects the main support frame 1 and the back panel assembly 2. A first step plate 101 and a second step plate 102 are fixed between the front vertical beams of the main support frame 1. A third step plate 203 and a fourth step plate 204 are fixed to the inner side of the back panel assembly 2. The first step plate 101, the second step plate 102, and the fourth step plate... The widths of the first ladder plate 101, the second ladder plate 102, the third ladder plate 203, the fourth ladder plate 204, and the seat plate 3 are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction in the trapezoidal state. Each of the flipping mechanisms 6 includes a flipping motor 601 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main support frame 1. A primary drive gear 602 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the flipping motor 601. The primary drive gear 602 meshes with a primary driven gear 603. A secondary drive gear 604 is coaxially fixed to the primary driven gear 603. The secondary drive gear 604 meshes with a secondary driven gear 605. A third-stage driving gear 606 is coaxially fixed to a driven gear 605. The third-stage driving gear 606 meshes with a third-stage driven gear 607. A driving crank 608 is coaxially fixed to the driven gear 607. The driving crank 608 is hinged to a front-stage connecting rod 609. The front-stage connecting rod 609 is hinged to a triangular rigid member 6010. One end of the front-stage connecting rod 609 is hinged to the right angle of the triangular rigid member 6010. One end of the triangular rigid member 6010 is hinged to the main support frame 1, and the other end of the triangular rigid member 6010 is hinged to an end swing rod 6011. The end swing rod 6011... One end of the back panel is hinged to an output connector 6012, which is bolted to the back panel assembly 2. The other end of the output connector 6012 is hinged to the main support frame 1 at an obtuse angle. There are two sets of flipping mechanisms 6, which are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main support frame 1. The back panel assembly 2 includes an integrally connected backrest 201 and a ladder 202. The top end of the backrest 201 is fixedly connected to the top handrail mechanism 4. The bottom end of the ladder 202 is hinged to the output end of the flipping mechanism 6. The third ladder plate 203 and the fourth ladder plate 204 are horizontally fixed to the inside of the ladder 202.

[0026] The main support frame 1 serves as the basic load-bearing structure. The backrest 201 of the back panel assembly 2 is arranged vertically as the backrest, and the seat panel 3 is arranged horizontally as the seat surface. The first step plate 101 and the second step plate 102 are stored in the front of the main support frame 1, and the third step plate 203 and the fourth step plate 204 are stored in the inside of the back panel assembly 2, presenting a standard seat shape.

[0027] When it is necessary to switch to the trapezoidal state, the control system executes actions according to the preset timing sequence. First, the chair-state lateral locking mechanism 7 releases the constraint on the seat panel 3. Then, the flipping mechanism 6 is activated, driving the back panel assembly 2 and the seat panel 3 to flip synchronously around the hinge point. After flipping into place, the ladder part 202 of the back panel assembly 2 supports the ground, forming a trapezoidal support system together with the main support frame 1 and each ladder plate. Next, the trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism 5 is activated to lock the relative position of the back panel assembly 2 and the main support frame 1. Finally, the top armrest mechanism 4 extends to complete the trapezoidal state conversion.

[0028] When returning from the trapezoidal state to the chair state, the action sequence is reversed: the top armrest mechanism 4 retracts, the trapezoidal lateral locking mechanism 5 unlocks, the flipping mechanism 6 drives the component to reset, and the chair-state lateral locking mechanism 7 relocks the back panel assembly 2.

[0029] The structure adopts a right-angled trapezoidal main support frame 1 and an integrated back panel assembly 2, realizing the dual-function reuse of a single component. In chair mode, the back panel serves as a backrest, while in trapezoidal mode, it transforms into a core ground support component. This reduces the number of independent support parts, simplifies the overall structure, and improves space utilization. In trapezoidal mode, the back panel assembly 2, the main support frame 1, and the ground together form a triangular mechanical rigid support system, transforming the traditional single-point hinged support of the chair ladder into a planar triangular support, significantly optimizing the load transfer path and improving the anti-overturning capacity and load-bearing stability of the trapezoidal mode from a structural principle perspective.

[0030] The flipping mechanism 6 adopts a symmetrical arrangement on both sides, with synchronous operation on both sides. Upon receiving the flipping command, the flipping motors 601 on both sides start simultaneously, and the output torque is transmitted step by step through a three-stage gear reduction mechanism. The first-stage driving gear 602 drives the first-stage driven gear 603 to rotate, achieving the first stage of reduction. The coaxial second-stage driving gear 604 drives the second-stage driven gear 605 to rotate, achieving the second stage of reduction. The coaxial third-stage driving gear 606 drives the third-stage driven gear 607 to rotate, achieving the third stage of reduction. The gear module is 1, and the number of teeth for the three stages are 18 / 36, 18 / 54, and 18 / 54, respectively, with a total transmission ratio of 18.

[0031] The three-stage driven gear 607 drives the coaxial driving crank 608 in a circular motion. The driving crank 608 drives the triangular rigid component 6010 (preferably an isosceles right-angled triangular plate or triangular frame) to swing around its hinge point with the main support frame 1 via the front connecting rod 609. The triangular rigid component 6010 then drives the output connecting seat 6012 in a planar motion via the end swing rod 6011. Finally, the output connecting seat 6012 synchronously drives the back plate assembly 2 and the seat panel 3 to complete a 180° posture conversion. The motor does not need to switch between forward and reverse rotation; continuous unidirectional rotation can achieve the reciprocating conversion between the chair state and the trapezoidal state.

[0032] Please see Figures 1-7 A chair-like lateral locking mechanism 7 is fixed on the front crossbeam of the main support frame 1, and a trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism 5 is fixed on the inner middle of the main support frame 1. The chair-like lateral locking mechanism 7 includes a locking servo 701, which is fixed on the front crossbeam of the main support frame 1. A locking hook plate 703 is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the locking servo 701. A locking ear 702 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the back panel assembly 2 at the corresponding position of the seat panel 3. The locking hook plate 703 engages with the slot of the locking ear 702. The trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism 5 includes a locking drive motor 501, which is fixed to the inner wall of the main support frame 1. The output shaft of the locking drive motor 501 is coaxially fixed. There is a chair-locking output gear 502. The inner side wall of the main support frame 1 and the locking drive motor 501 are rotatably connected to a transmission column 503. The transmission column 503 is fixedly connected to a mating gear 504 that meshes with the chair-locking output gear 502. The two sections of the transmission column 503 are coaxially fixed with end gears 505. Guide sleeves 506 are fixedly connected to both sides of the main support frame 1. Locking tooth plates 507 are slidably installed in the guide sleeves 506. Each locking tooth plate 507 meshes with an end gear 505. A locking plate 508 is fixed on the inner crossbeam of the back plate assembly 2. The locking plate 508 has a locking hole 509. The end of the locking tooth plate 507 is inserted into the locking hole 509.

[0033] When the entire machine is in the chair position and the flipping mechanism 6 is reset, the chair-position lateral locking mechanism 7 is activated. After receiving the locking command, the locking servo 701 outputs its shaft to drive the locking hook plate 703 to rotate in the forward direction, so that the hook part of the locking hook plate 703 is engaged in the slot of the locking ear 702 fixed at the bottom of the seat panel 3, forming a geometric constraint mechanical lock, which restricts the vertical displacement and rotation of the seat panel 3. When it is necessary to switch to the trapezoidal position, the locking servo 701 rotates in the reverse direction, driving the locking hook plate 703 to disengage from the slot of the locking ear 702, releasing the constraint on the seat panel 3, and providing freedom of movement for subsequent flipping actions.

[0034] It adopts a mechanical locking method that uses a servo motor to drive a hook plate and a slot. Positioning is achieved through geometric constraints between parts, rather than relying solely on friction or motor torque. This ensures high locking reliability and prevents loosening due to wear after long-term use. Targeting the force characteristics of the chair mode, which mainly bears vertical sitting loads, a bottom hook-type locking structure is adopted. This effectively resists the downward pressure and backward overturning moment generated by the human body sitting back, significantly suppressing structural swaying in the chair mode and improving the stability and comfort of sitting. The locking and unlocking actions are automatically completed by the servo motor, with fast response and high control precision. No manual operation is required, which improves the ease of use.

[0035] When the flipping mechanism 6 drives the back panel assembly 2 to flip to the trapezoidal target position, the trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism 5 is activated. The output shaft of the locking drive motor 501 drives the chair-state locking output gear 502 to rotate, which in turn drives the meshing gear 504 to rotate. The meshing gear 504 drives the end gears 505 at both ends to rotate synchronously through the transmission column 503. The end gears 505 mesh with the locking tooth plate 507, converting the rotational motion into linear motion. This drives the locking tooth plates 507 on both sides to extend outward synchronously along the guide sleeve 506. Finally, the end of the locking tooth plate 507 is inserted into the locking hole 509 of the locking plate 508 fixed on the inner crossbeam of the back panel assembly 2, forming a rigid insertion lock and restricting the back panel assembly 2's folding motion. When it is necessary to return to the chair state, the locking drive motor 501 rotates in the opposite direction, driving the locking tooth plate 507 to retract from the locking hole 509, releasing the constraint on the back panel assembly 2.

[0036] To address the stress characteristics of the trapezoidal structure, which primarily bears dynamic trampling loads and lateral disturbances, an end-plug locking structure is adopted. This directly constrains the relative rotation between the backplate assembly 2 and the main frame, effectively resisting the folding torque generated during the use of the trapezoidal structure and preventing accidental folding of the structure. This significantly improves the safety of working at heights. A single-motor driven, double-sided synchronous locking scheme is adopted. A single transmission column 503 simultaneously drives the gear and rack mechanisms at both ends, ensuring the uniformity of the locking force on both sides and the synchronicity of the locking action. This avoids structural instability caused by unilateral locking failure. The guide sleeve 506 provides precise linear motion guidance for the locking toothed plate 507, ensuring the alignment accuracy during locking and also bearing some lateral loads, thus improving the overall rigidity of the locking mechanism.

[0037] Please see Figures 1-7The top of the back panel assembly 2 is fixed with a top armrest mechanism 4, and the lower inner side of the main support frame 1 is fixed with a battery compartment 8. The battery compartment 8 is electrically connected to the flipping mechanism 6, the chair-state lateral locking mechanism 7, the ladder-state lateral clamping mechanism 5, and the top armrest mechanism 4. The top armrest mechanism 4 includes two protective covers 402 fixedly connected to both sides of the back panel assembly 2. The bottom of one of the protective covers 402 is fixedly connected with an armrest drive motor 401. Both protective covers 402 are rotatably connected with synchronous belt gears 403, and one of the synchronous belt gears 403 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the armrest drive motor 401. The back panel assembly 2 has a through groove 404 inside, and the two synchronous belt gears 403 are connected by a synchronous transmission belt 405 located inside the through groove 404. A central screw 4011 is rotatably connected to the inside of one side of each of the two protective covers 402. A transmission gear is fixedly connected to one end of each central screw 4011 located inside the protective cover 402. The wheel sleeve 4010 has a first transmission gear 406 coaxially fixedly connected to each synchronous belt gear 403. The first transmission gear 406 meshes with the second transmission gear 407. The second transmission gear 407 is coaxially fixed with the third transmission gear 408. The third transmission gear 408 meshes with the fourth transmission gear 409. One side of the fourth transmission gear 409 meshes with the transmission gear sleeve 4010. The bottom of the protective cover 402 is fixedly connected to the limit guide rail 4013. The outside of the limit guide rail 4013 is slidably connected to the threaded transmission sleeve 4012, which is threaded to the outside of the central screw 4011. The outside of each threaded transmission sleeve 4012 is fixedly connected to the armrest body 4014. The battery compartment 8 contains a DC lithium battery pack. The output end of the battery compartment 8 is electrically connected to the drive elements of the flipping mechanism 6, the chair-state lateral locking mechanism 7, the ladder-state lateral clamping mechanism 5, and the top armrest mechanism 4 through wires. The outside of the battery compartment 8 is provided with a charging interface and a power switch.

[0038] After the trapezoidal lateral locking mechanism 5 locks, the top handrail mechanism 4 starts. The output shaft of the handrail drive motor 401 drives the active synchronous belt gear 403 to rotate. Through the synchronous transmission belt 405, it drives the driven synchronous belt gear 403 on the other side to rotate, realizing the mechanical synchronous distribution of power on both sides. The synchronous belt gears 403 on both sides drive the coaxial first transmission gear 406 to rotate. After being decelerated by the three-stage reduction mechanism composed of the second transmission gear 407, the third transmission gear 408, and the fourth transmission gear 409, it drives the transmission gear sleeve 4010 to rotate. The transmission gear sleeve 4010 is threadedly engaged with the central screw 4011, converting the rotational motion into linear motion. This causes the threaded transmission sleeve 4012 to slide downward along the limit guide rail 4013. Finally, the threaded transmission sleeve 4012 drives the handrail body 4014 to extend synchronously, providing a safe grip for working at height. When it is necessary to retract the handrail, the handrail drive motor 401 rotates in the opposite direction, causing the above mechanism to move in the opposite direction, so that the handrail body 4014 is retracted into the protective cover 402.

[0039] It adopts a synchronous telescopic structure with a single motor, synchronous belt, and double-sided lead screw slides. The synchronous movement of the armrests on both sides is achieved through mechanical synchronization. Compared with the dual-motor independent drive scheme, it does not require complicated electronic control synchronization algorithms, making control simple, synchronization accuracy high, and the movement process is tilt-free and jam-free. In the ladder state, the armrests automatically extend to provide users with a high and safe grip point, which can effectively reduce the risk of falling when working at heights. In the chair state, the armrests are completely stored at the top of the back panel, without taking up extra space and without affecting the normal use and aesthetics of the seat. It adopts a combination of three-stage gear reduction and lead screw transmission, which provides smooth output and sufficient thrust.

[0040] The battery compartment 8 houses a built-in DC lithium battery pack, serving as the independent power supply for the entire device. Power on and off are controlled by a power switch. The lithium battery pack provides a DC 24V operating voltage to the tilting motor 601, locking servo motor 701, locking drive motor 501, armrest drive motor 401, and the control system. When the battery is depleted, it can be charged via an external power source through the charging port on the outside of the battery compartment 8.

[0041] In the above scheme, in the trapezoidal state, the backrest 201 of the back panel assembly 2 is in contact with the ground, the lower end of the main support frame 1 is in contact with the ground, and the back panel assembly 2 and the main support frame 1 are constrained by the hinge point and the locking mechanism, so that the back panel assembly 2, the main support frame 1 and the ground together form a triangular support boundary. In the chair position, the lower end of the main support frame 1 is in contact with the ground. The back panel assembly 2 is arranged vertically and its ladder 202 is hinged to the main support frame 1 through the flipping mechanism 6. The back panel assembly 2 and the main support frame 1 are doubly constrained by the hinge point of the flipping mechanism 6 and the chair position locking mechanism 7. The seat panel 3 is arranged horizontally and is simultaneously hinged to the main support frame 1 and the back panel assembly 2. The locking hook plate 703 of the chair position locking mechanism 7 engages with the locking ear 702 to achieve rigid positioning of the seat panel 3, so that the main support frame 1, the back panel assembly 2 and the seat panel 3 together form a stable rigid support frame.

[0042] The control core of this application can be an STM32 microcontroller, with a main power supply of DC24V. It centrally controls the flipping, chair-locking, ladder-locking, and top armrest mechanisms. Hall sensors are also installed, and the operation is performed in the sequence of "chair unlocking - overall flipping - ladder-locking - armrest extension". The DC24V power supply supplies power to the flipping motor 601, the chair-locking drive motor, the armrest drive motor, and the control unit. The ladder-locking servo motor 701 obtains a working voltage of 4.0 to 8.4V through a step-down module, preferably 7.4V.

[0043] The working principle and usage process of this invention are as follows: First, the normal state is that of a chair. The main support frame 1 serves as the basic load-bearing structure. The backrest 201 of the back panel assembly 2 is arranged vertically, and the seat panel 3 is arranged horizontally. The first step plate 101 and the second step plate 102 are stored in the front of the main support frame 1, and the third step plate 203 and the fourth step plate 204 are stored in the inside of the back panel assembly 2.

[0044] When switching to the trapezoidal state, the locking servo 701 of the chair-state lateral locking mechanism 7 drives the locking hook plate 703 to disengage from the locking ear 702 to complete the unlocking. Subsequently, the flipping motor 601 of the two-sided flipping mechanism 6 decelerates through the first-stage driving gear 602, the first-stage driven gear 603, the second-stage driving gear 604, the second-stage driven gear 605, the third-stage driving gear 606, and the third-stage driven gear 607, and drives the driving crank 608, the front connecting rod 609, the triangular rigid member 6010, the end swing rod 6011, and the output connecting seat 6012 to drive the back plate assembly 2 and the seat panel 3 to flip synchronously. After the trapezoidal part 202 of the back plate assembly 2 supports the ground, the locking drive motor 501 of the trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism 5 drives the locking tooth plate 507 to extend along the guide sleeve 506 and insert into the locking hole 509 of the locking plate 508 to complete the locking.

[0045] Finally, the armrest drive motor 401 of the top armrest mechanism 4 drives the central screw 401 to rotate via the synchronous belt gear 403, synchronous transmission belt 405, first transmission gear 406, second transmission gear 407, third transmission gear 408, fourth transmission gear 409, and transmission gear sleeve 4010. This causes the threaded transmission sleeve 4012 to extend the armrest body 4014 along the limiting guide rail 4013. When the chair is restored, the top armrest mechanism 4 drives the armrest body 4014 to retract. The trapezoidal lateral locking mechanism 5 drives the locking tooth plate 507 to retract and unlock. The flipping mechanism 6 drives the back panel assembly 2 and seat panel 3 to reset. The chair-state lateral locking mechanism 7 drives the locking hook plate 703 to engage with the locking ear 702 to complete the locking. The battery compartment 8 provides power to all the above-mentioned drive components.

[0046] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism, comprising a main support frame (1), characterized in that: The main support frame (1) has a right trapezoidal cross section, and a back panel assembly (2) is hinged to the top of the hypotenuse of the main support frame (1). A seat panel (3) is hinged to the upper front side of the back panel assembly (2). A flipping mechanism (6) is connected between the main support frame (1) and the back panel assembly (2). A chair-like lateral locking mechanism (7) is fixed on the front crossbeam of the main support frame (1). A trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism (5) is fixed in the middle of the inner side of the main support frame (1). A top armrest mechanism (4) is fixed at the top of the back panel assembly (2). A battery compartment (8) is fixed in the lower inner side of the main support frame (1). The battery compartment (8) is electrically connected to the flipping mechanism (6), the chair-like lateral locking mechanism (7), the trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism (5), and the top armrest mechanism (4).

2. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main support frame (1) has a first ladder plate (101) and a second ladder plate (102) fixed between the front vertical beams. The back plate assembly (2) has a third ladder plate (203) and a fourth ladder plate (204) fixed on its inner side. The width values ​​of the first ladder plate (101), the second ladder plate (102), the fourth ladder plate (204) and the third ladder plate (203) decrease sequentially. In the ladder state, the first ladder plate (101), the second ladder plate (102), the fourth ladder plate (204) and the third ladder plate (203) are arranged in parallel in the vertical direction.

3. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the flipping mechanisms (6) includes a flipping motor (601) fixedly connected to the inner wall of the main support frame (1). The output shaft of the flipping motor (601) is coaxially fixed with a first-stage driving gear (602). The first-stage driving gear (602) meshes with a first-stage driven gear (603). The first-stage driven gear (603) is coaxially fixed with a second-stage driving gear (604). The second-stage driving gear (604) meshes with a second-stage driven gear (605). The second-stage driven gear (605) is coaxially fixed with a third-stage driving gear (606). The third-stage driving gear (606) meshes with a third-stage driven gear (607). The third-stage driven gear (607) is coaxially fixed with a driving crank (608). The driving crank (608) is hinged to a front-stage connecting rod (609). The front-stage connecting rod (609) is hinged to a triangular rigid member (6010).

4. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The chair-position lateral locking mechanism (7) includes a locking servo (701), which is fixed on the front crossbeam of the main support frame (1). The output shaft of the locking servo (701) is coaxially fixed with a locking hook plate (703). The back plate assembly (2) is fixedly connected to a locking ear (702) at the bottom of the seat panel (3). The locking hook plate (703) and the locking ear (702) are engaged in a slotted engagement.

5. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trapezoidal lateral clamping mechanism (5) includes a locking drive motor (501), which is fixed to the inner wall of the main support frame (1). A chair-type locking output gear (502) is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the locking drive motor (501). A transmission column (503) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the main support frame (1) on the same plane as the locking drive motor (501). A mating gear (504) that meshes with the chair-type locking output gear (502) is fixedly connected to the outside of the transmission column (503). Two coaxial sections of the transmission column (503) are fixed with end gears (505). Guide sleeves (506) are fixedly connected to both sides of the main support frame (1). Locking tooth plates (507) are slidably installed inside the guide sleeves (506). Each locking tooth plate (507) meshes with an end gear (505). A locking plate (508) is fixed on the inner crossbeam of the back plate assembly (2). A locking hole (509) is opened on the locking plate (508). The end of the locking tooth plate (507) is inserted into the locking hole (509).

6. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top armrest mechanism (4) includes two protective covers (402) fixedly connected to both sides of the back panel assembly (2). One of the protective covers (402) has an armrest drive motor (401) fixedly connected to its bottom. Both protective covers (402) have synchronous belt gears (403) rotatably connected inside. One of the synchronous belt gears (403) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the armrest drive motor (401). The back panel assembly (2) has a through groove (404) inside. The two synchronous belt gears (403) are connected by a synchronous transmission belt (405) located inside the through groove (404). A central screw (4011) is rotatably connected to one side of each of the two protective covers (402). A transmission gear sleeve (4010) is fixedly connected to one end of each central screw (4011) inside the protective cover (402). Each synchronous belt gear (403) is coaxially fixedly connected to a first transmission gear (406).

7. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The back panel assembly (2) includes an integrally connected backrest (201) and a ladder (202). The top end of the backrest (201) is fixedly connected to the top armrest mechanism (4), the bottom end of the ladder (202) is hinged to the output end of the flipping mechanism (6), and the third ladder plate (203) and the fourth ladder plate (204) are horizontally fixed to the inside of the ladder (202).

8. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first transmission gear (406) meshes with the second transmission gear (407), the second transmission gear (407) is coaxially fixed with the third transmission gear (408), the third transmission gear (408) meshes with the fourth transmission gear (409), one side of the fourth transmission gear (409) meshes with the transmission gear sleeve (4010), the bottom of the protective cover (402) is fixedly connected to the limit guide rail (4013), the outside of the limit guide rail (4013) is slidably connected to the threaded transmission sleeve (4012) which is threadedly connected to the outside of the central screw (4011), and each threaded transmission sleeve (4012) is fixedly connected to the outside of the handrail body (4014).

9. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the front connecting rod (609) is hinged to the right angle of the triangular rigid member (6010). One end of the triangular rigid member (6010) is hinged to the main support frame (1). The other end of the triangular rigid member (6010) is hinged to the end swing rod (6011). One end of the end swing rod (6011) is hinged to the output connector (6012). The output connector (6012) is bolted to the back plate assembly (2). The other end of the output connector (6012) is hinged to the main support frame (1) at an obtuse angle. The flipping mechanism (6) consists of two sets, and the two sets of flipping mechanisms (6) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the main support frame (1).

10. A folding chair ladder based on triangular mechanics and a lateral clamping mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The battery compartment (8) is equipped with a DC lithium battery pack. The output end of the battery compartment (8) is electrically connected to the driving elements of the flipping mechanism (6), the chair-state lateral locking mechanism (7), the ladder-state lateral clamping mechanism (5), and the top armrest mechanism (4) through wires. The battery compartment (8) is provided with a charging interface and a power switch on its outer side.

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