A portable wearable bone density dynamic monitor based on multispectral optical principle and an analysis method thereof
The portable wearable dynamic bone density monitor, which utilizes multispectral optics and combines near-infrared spectroscopy with machine learning, solves the problem that existing devices cannot provide real-time, portable, and accurate monitoring, enabling radiation-free, convenient bone density monitoring and intelligent early warning.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FOSHAN CHANCHENG CENT HOSPITAL CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-21
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-14
Smart Images
Figure CN122376027A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to the field of health monitoring technology, specifically to a portable wearable dynamic bone density monitor based on multispectral optics and its analysis method. Background Technology
[0002] Early bone densitometers used single-photon absorption measurement and two-photon absorption measurement to assess bone density through radioactive isotope sources, but the accuracy was limited and there was a risk of radiation. With the application of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in clinical practice, high-energy and low-energy X-rays are emitted to penetrate the bone, and the difference in absorption is analyzed by computer to calculate the bone mineral content. It has high accuracy, can measure parts such as the spine and hip, and has low radiation dose. In practical applications, patients often need to have their bone density checked frequently. Existing technologies such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and ultrasound absorptiometry are bulky and cannot be carried around. Although DXA has a low radiation dose, frequent testing still poses a radiation hazard. Although ultrasound absorptiometry has no radiation, it cannot provide accurate test results due to the complexity of bone structure.
[0003] Patent CN105534549B discloses an ultrasonic bone densitometer probe position monitoring system and its monitoring method. The patent enables real-time display of whether the position of the probe and the bone being tested meets the requirements based on the monitoring results, which helps to improve the accuracy and detection efficiency of the ultrasonic bone densitometer.
[0004] The aforementioned patent uses an ultrasonic transmitting module to emit ultrasonic signals onto the surface of the bone being tested. The ultrasonic signals reflected from the bone surface are received by an ultrasonic receiving module. A judgment module connected to the ultrasonic receiving module filters the received ultrasonic signals according to preset conditions to determine whether the received ultrasonic signals meet the conditions for bone density detection. Finally, a display module shows the judgment result of the judgment module and the relative positional relationship between the ultrasonic bone densitometer probe and the bone being tested. There is room for improvement in the convenience and real-time performance of bone density detection. Therefore, this application proposes a portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitoring instrument based on multispectral optics for real-time bone mineral density detection and its analysis method. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a portable wearable dynamic bone density monitor and its analysis method based on multispectral optics, so as to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art, such as the inability of large-scale equipment to detect bone density in real time and the existence of room for optimization of detection accuracy.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a portable wearable dynamic bone density monitor based on multispectral optical principles, comprising a housing and a probe one. The probe one is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the housing, and the probe two is disposed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing. Telescopic straps are provided on the left and right sides of the outer walls of the housing and the probe two. The telescopic straps are connected to the probe two through a fixing plate. Telescopic rods are installed at the connection points between the probe one and the housing and between the probe two and the fixing plate. Locking rings are installed at the connection points between the telescopic rods and the housing and the fixing plate. A pressure sensor one is embedded on the lower side of the outer wall of the probe one and the upper side of the outer wall of the probe two. The pressure sensor one is connected to a controller installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the housing through a signal line.
[0007] Preferably, both probe one and probe two are composed of a fixed shell, a diode, a grating layer, a photodetector, and a lens. The fixed shell is installed on the outer wall of the telescopic rod away from the shell and the fixed plate. The diode is installed on the inner wall of the fixed shell near the telescopic rod. The inner wall of the fixed shell is surrounded by a grating layer. The photodetector is installed at the center of the outer wall of the diode. The lens is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the diode. The diode and the photodetector are connected to the controller through a signal line.
[0008] Preferably, an airbag is embedded in the front side of the outer wall of the fixed shell, a pneumatic unit is installed in the interlayer of the inner wall of the fixed shell, the airbag is connected to the pneumatic unit through a connecting pipe, an inertial measurement unit is embedded in the side of the outer wall of the fixed shell, a sliding groove is provided in the inner wall of the fixed shell, a lens is connected to the sliding groove through a slider, and the pneumatic unit and the inertial measurement unit are connected to the controller via Bluetooth transmission.
[0009] Preferably, a power supply is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the housing, a detection motor is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the power supply, a power supply is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the fixing plate, and a detection motor is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the power supply. The detection motor is connected to the power supply via signal lines. A switch is installed at the output end of both the detection motor and the detection motor. The switch is connected to the telescopic rod and the slider via connecting shafts. The power supply, the detection motor, the power supply, the detection motor, and the switch are all connected to the controller via Bluetooth transmission.
[0010] Preferably, a storage box is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing, the second probe is placed inside the storage box, a dial is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the storage box, the dial consists of a display screen and indicator lights, the display screen is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the storage box, and indicator lights are surrounded on the outer wall of the display screen. The display screen and indicator lights are respectively connected to the controller and the power supply through signal lines.
[0011] Preferably, the pneumatic unit consists of a piezoelectric micropump, a solenoid valve, and a second pressure sensor. The piezoelectric micropump is installed on the side of the inner wall of the fixed shell away from the lens. The solenoid valve is installed at the output end of the piezoelectric micropump. The second pressure sensor is installed on the inner wall of the airbag. The piezoelectric micropump and the solenoid valve are both connected to power supply one and power supply two via signal lines. The second pressure sensor is connected to the controller via Bluetooth transmission.
[0012] Preferably, an opening and closing valve is installed on the front side of the outer wall of the storage box. The opening and closing valve is connected to the controller via a signal line. Buckles are installed on the end of the telescopic belt away from the housing and the fixed plate. A reel is installed on the end of the telescopic belt near the housing and the fixed plate. A winding motor is installed on the rear side of the outer wall of both detection motor one and detection motor two. The reel is connected to the winding motor via a connecting shaft. The winding motor is connected to the controller via Bluetooth transmission.
[0013] Preferably, a charging interface is installed on the rear side of the outer wall of the housing, and the charging interface is connected to power supply one and power supply two respectively through signal lines. A temperature sensor is embedded in the middle of the inner wall of the fixed housing, and the temperature sensor is connected to the controller through signal lines.
[0014] Preferably, the analysis method is as follows: S1: The controller controls probe one to perform periodic checks based on the pre-input wearer information, and prompts the wearer to use probe two for periodic checks via the display screen; S2: Probe 1 and Probe 2 transmit the collected information to the controller. The controller extracts the wearer's skeletal spectral features. Based on the pre-input wearer's standard T value, the controller associates the measured value with the standard T value to establish the wearer's personal baseline profile. S3: During the detection process of probe one and probe two, the controller compensates for the measured values based on the wearer's posture detected by the inertial measurement unit; S4: A machine learning model is built using the random forest algorithm, and subsequent measurements are compared with the individual's baseline profile to calculate the relative change in the wearer's bone density; S5: The controller acquires the clinical dataset containing dual-energy X-ray detection results and spectral data stored in the database to train the machine learning model and learn the mapping relationship between spectral features and changes in bone density. S6: The controller receives the wearer's relative change value of bone mineral density and plots the wearer's bone mineral density change trend curve. If the wearer's bone mineral density trend curve declines for three consecutive months, the controller controls the power supply to send power to the indicator light, prompting the wearer to seek medical attention and have a follow-up examination in time.
[0015] Preferably, S1 specifically comprises: S11: In daily wear scenarios, the controller controls the power supply to supply power to the detection motor. The switch at the output of the detection motor connects the probe to the telescopic rod connected to the housing. Driven by the detection motor, the telescopic rod pushes the probe close to the wearer's skin. The pressure sensor detects the pressure between the probe and the wearer's skin to ensure that the probe can accurately collect information. S12: After probe one is in contact with the wearer's skin, the controller controls power supply one to supply power to the diode and photodetector. The diode emits near-infrared light with frequencies of 135-137THz, 139-145THz, 207THz and 173THz. The photodetector receives the reflected near-infrared light information and transmits it to the controller. S13: When a finger needs to be tested, the wearer issues a command through the watch face to the controller. The controller controls the opening and closing valve to open, and the wearer takes out the second probe stored in the storage box. The wearer wears the second probe on the position to be tested, collects bone density information at that position through the second probe, and transmits it to the controller via Bluetooth.
[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention, by installing probe one, probe two and telescopic strap, realizes the function of real-time bone density detection, solves the problems of large equipment being difficult to detect in time, short-term changes in bone density being unable to be captured and low collection efficiency, and can automatically fit the wearing part, improving the convenience and stability of information collection; 2. This invention, by incorporating a structure including diodes, photodetectors, and lenses, achieves the function of harmlessly detecting bone density, solves the problems of radiation accumulation affecting health and inaccurate ultrasound detection, eliminates the risk of radiation accumulation, broadens the user base of the device, and improves the accuracy of information collection. 3. This invention, through the installation of structures such as airbags, pneumatic units, slides, and sliders, achieves the function of compensating for posture changes, solves the problem of inaccurate information collection caused by different groups of people, body position deviations, and different detection sites, eliminates detection deviations, improves the accuracy of information collection, and enhances the adaptability to the detection environment; 4. This invention, through the installation of a dial and controller, achieves intelligent early warning function, solves the problems of inability to continuously detect, dependence on professional environment, and inability to intervene in a timely manner, can autonomously collect bone density information, reduces the difficulty of bone density detection, and improves the reliability of the equipment. Attached Figure Description
[0017] Figure 1 This is a front view structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the front structure of the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the probe structure of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view schematic diagram of the probe structure of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the storage box structure of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the pneumatic unit structure of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the reel, winding motor, and telescopic belt of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the charging interface and power supply one and power supply two of the present invention.
[0018] In the diagram: 1. Housing; 2. Probe 1; 3. Probe 2; 4. Telescopic belt; 5. Fixing plate; 6. Telescopic rod; 7. Locking ring; 8. Pressure sensor 1; 9. Controller; 10. Fixing shell; 11. Diode; 12. Grating layer; 13. Photodetector; 14. Lens; 15. Airbag; 16. Inertial measurement unit; 17. Slide; 18. Slider; 19. Power supply 1; 20. Detection motor 1; 21. Power supply 2; 22. Detection motor 2; 23. Switch; 24. Storage box; 25. Dial; 26. Display screen; 27. Indicator light; 28. Piezoelectric micropump; 29. Solenoid valve; 30. Pressure sensor 2; 31. Opening / closing valve; 32. Buckle; 33. Reel; 34. Rewinding motor; 35. Charging interface; 36. Temperature sensor. Detailed Implementation
[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0020] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0021] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.
[0022] Example 1: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 7 A portable wearable dynamic bone density monitor based on multispectral optics includes a housing 1 and a probe 2. The probe 2 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the housing 1, and the probe 3 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing 1. Telescopic straps 4 are provided on the left and right sides of the outer walls of the housing 1 and the probe 3. The telescopic straps 4 are connected to the probe 3 through a fixing plate 5. Telescopic rods 6 are installed at the connection between the probe 2 and the housing 1 and at the connection between the probe 3 and the fixing plate 5. Locking rings 7 are installed at the connection between the telescopic rods 6 and the housing 1 and the fixing plate 5. Pressure sensors 8 are embedded on the lower side of the outer wall of the probe 2 and the upper side of the outer wall of the probe 3. The pressure sensors 8 are connected to a controller 9 installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the housing 1 through a signal line. A power supply 19 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the housing 1. A detection motor 20 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the power supply 19. A power supply 21 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the fixing plate 5. A detection motor 22 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the power supply 21. The detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22 are connected to the power supply 19 and the power supply 21 respectively via signal lines. A switch 23 is installed at the output end of the detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22. The switch 23 is connected to the telescopic rod 6 and the slider 18 respectively via connecting shafts. The power supply 19, the detection motor 10, the power supply 21, the detection motor 22 and the switch 23 are all connected to the controller 9 via Bluetooth transmission. A storage box 24 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing 1. The second probe 3 is placed inside the storage box 24. A dial 25 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the storage box 24. The dial 25 consists of a display screen 26 and indicator lights 27. The display screen 26 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the storage box 24. Indicator lights 27 are surrounded on the outer wall of the display screen 26. The display screen 26 and indicator lights 27 are connected to the controller 9 and the power supply 19 respectively through signal lines. An opening and closing valve 31 is installed on the front side of the outer wall of the storage box 24. The opening and closing valve 31 is connected to the controller 9 through a signal line. Buckles 32 are installed on the end of the telescopic belt 4 away from the housing 1 and the fixing plate 5. A roller 33 is installed on the end of the telescopic belt 4 close to the housing 1 and the fixing plate 5. A winding motor 34 is installed on the rear side of the outer wall of the detection motor 1 20 and the detection motor 2 22. The roller 33 is connected to the winding motor 34 through a connecting shaft. The winding motor 34 is connected to the controller 9 through Bluetooth transmission. Furthermore, the wearer issues a command via dial 25, and controller 9 controls power supply 19 to deliver power to the winding motor 34 behind the detection motor 20. Driven by the winding motor 34, the reel 33 unwinds the contracted telescopic belt 4. The wearer places the housing 1 on their wrist, and after securing the buckle 32, issues a command via dial 25. Controller 9 then controls the winding motor 34 to rotate the reel 33 in the opposite direction, winding up the telescopic belt 4 and securing the housing 1 to the wearer's wrist. Medical personnel set the autonomous detection frequency based on the wearer's dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) results. When a test is required, controller 9 controls power supply 19 to deliver power to the detection motor. Motor 20 controls the switch 23 at the detection motor 20 to connect to the telescopic rod 6. Driven by the detection motor 20, the telescopic rod 6 pushes the probe 2 downward, bringing it close to the wearer's skin. Pressure sensor 8 senses the pressure between the probe 2 and the wearer's skin. When the pressure reaches 5-10 kPa, controller 9 controls the switch 23 at the output of the detection motor 20 to disconnect from the telescopic rod 6. The probe 2 is fixed by connecting the locking ring 7 and the switch 23, and information is collected through the probe 2. Subsequently, controller 9 controls the opening and closing valve 31 to open, and the wearer takes out the probe 3 placed in the storage box 24. According to the display on the dial 25, the probe 2 3 is fixed to the area to be tested. If a finger needs to be tested, the wearer issues a command through the dial 25. The controller 9 transmits power via Bluetooth to the power supply 21 inside the probe 2 3 to the winding motor 34 behind the detection motor 22. The roller 33 at the connection between the fixing plate 5 and the telescopic belt 4 unwinds the telescopic belt 4 under the drive of the winding motor 34. After the wearer places the fixing plate 5 at the finger to be tested position and secures the buckle 32 at the end of the telescopic belt 4, the controller 9 controls the winding motor 34 to drive the roller 33 to wind up the telescopic belt 4, thus tightening the probe 2 3 and the finger. Subsequently, power is supplied to the detection motor 22 via the control power supply 21, and the telescopic rod 6 connecting the probe 23 and the fixing plate 5 is connected via the switch 23 at the output end of the detection motor 22. Driven by the detection motor 22, the telescopic rod 6 pushes the probe 23 close to the skin of the wearer's finger, and collects bone density information at the finger through the probe 23. After the test is completed, the wearer unfastens the buckle 32 at the end of the telescopic strap 4 at the probe 23. The controller 9 controls the winding motor 34 at the probe 23 to drive the roller 33 to wind up the telescopic strap 4. The wearer puts the probe 23 into the storage box 24. Then the controller 9 controls the opening and closing valve 31 to close, waiting for the next test.
[0023] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A portable wearable dynamic bone density monitor based on multispectral optics includes a housing 1 and a probe 2. The probe 2 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the housing 1, and the probe 3 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing 1. Telescopic straps 4 are provided on the left and right sides of the outer walls of the housing 1 and the probe 3. The telescopic straps 4 are connected to the probe 3 through a fixing plate 5. Telescopic rods 6 are installed at the connection between the probe 2 and the housing 1 and at the connection between the probe 3 and the fixing plate 5. Locking rings 7 are installed at the connection between the telescopic rods 6 and the housing 1 and the fixing plate 5. Pressure sensors 8 are embedded on the lower side of the outer wall of the probe 2 and the upper side of the outer wall of the probe 3. The pressure sensors 8 are connected to a controller 9 installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the housing 1 through a signal line. Both probe 1 (2) and probe 2 (3) are composed of a fixed housing 10, a diode 11, a grating layer 12, a photodetector 13, and a lens 14. The fixed housing 10 is installed on the outer wall of the telescopic rod 6 away from the housing 1 and the fixed plate 5. The diode 11 is installed on the inner wall of the fixed housing 10 near the telescopic rod 6. The grating layer 12 surrounds the inner wall of the fixed housing 10. The photodetector 13 is installed at the center of the outer wall of the diode 11. The lens 14 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the diode 11. The diode 11 and the photodetector 13 are connected to the controller 9 through a signal line. A power supply 19 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the housing 1. A detection motor 20 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the power supply 19. A power supply 21 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the fixing plate 5. A detection motor 22 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the power supply 21. The detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22 are connected to the power supply 19 and the power supply 21 respectively via signal lines. A switch 23 is installed at the output end of the detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22. The switch 23 is connected to the telescopic rod 6 and the slider 18 respectively via connecting shafts. The power supply 19, the detection motor 10, the power supply 21, the detection motor 22 and the switch 23 are all connected to the controller 9 via Bluetooth transmission. Furthermore, after the wearer wears the device on their wrist, when testing is required, the controller 9 controls the power supply 19 to supply power to the detection motor 20, connecting the switch 23 at the output of the detection motor 20 to the telescopic rod 6 at the probe 2. Driven by the detection motor 20, the telescopic rod 6 pushes the probe 2 to fit against the wearer's skin. The pressure sensor 8 detects the pressure between the probe 2 and the wearer's skin. When the pressure reaches the range of 5-10 kPa, the controller 9 disconnects the switch 23 at the output of the detection motor 20 from the telescopic rod 6 at the probe 2. Subsequently, the controller 9 controls the power supply 19 to supply power to the probe 2, causing the diode 11 and photodetector 13 to start operating. Multiple sets of diodes 11 are installed inside the housing 10. The diodes 11 emit near-infrared light of different frequencies in sequence to irradiate the wearer. The diode 11 first emits light at a frequency of 249... Near-infrared light at 0.9 THz, with a wavelength of 1200 nm, is used to calibrate environmental noise and equipment drift using near-infrared light in the unorganized absorption reference band. Subsequently, near-infrared light at frequencies of 206.9 THz and 173.4 THz is emitted, with wavelengths of 1450 nm and 1730 nm, respectively, corresponding to the characteristic absorption peaks of water and fat. The reflected near-infrared light is received by a photodetector 13 located at the center of diode 11 in a ring array, quantifying the superficial tissue interference signal and establishing a dynamic correction baseline. Finally, near-infrared light at frequencies of 139.5–145.6 THz and 135.1–137.4 THz is emitted, with wavelengths of 2060–2150 nm and 2180–2220 nm, respectively, corresponding to the absorption peaks of collagen amide groups and hydroxyapatite PO4, respectively. 3- The absorption peak of the radical group is used to target and detect the organic matrix and mineral components of bone. During the process of the diode 11 emitting near-infrared light of different frequencies and the photodetector 13 receiving the reflected near-infrared light, the divergent beam emitted by the diode 11 is converted into parallel light after being processed by the lens 14, which reduces the scattering loss when the near-infrared light comes into contact with the wearer's skin interface, thereby improving the penetration efficiency of deep bone signals. The grating layer 12 filters stray light from the external environment to avoid interfering with the emission and reflection of near-infrared light and protect the integrity of weak bone characteristic signals. Compared with the trace radiation present in dual-energy X-ray absorption method, if frequent detection is required, trace radiation may still have an impact on the human body.
[0024] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6A portable wearable dynamic bone density monitor based on multispectral optics includes a housing 1 and a probe 2. The probe 2 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the housing 1, and the probe 3 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing 1. Telescopic straps 4 are provided on the left and right sides of the outer walls of the housing 1 and the probe 3. The telescopic straps 4 are connected to the probe 3 through a fixing plate 5. Telescopic rods 6 are installed at the connection between the probe 2 and the housing 1 and at the connection between the probe 3 and the fixing plate 5. Locking rings 7 are installed at the connection between the telescopic rods 6 and the housing 1 and the fixing plate 5. Pressure sensors 8 are embedded on the lower side of the outer wall of the probe 2 and the upper side of the outer wall of the probe 3. The pressure sensors 8 are connected to a controller 9 installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the housing 1 through a signal line. An airbag 15 is embedded in the front side of the outer wall of the fixed shell 10. A pneumatic unit is installed in the interlayer of the inner wall of the fixed shell 10. The airbag 15 is connected to the pneumatic unit through a connecting pipe. An inertial measurement unit 16 is embedded in the side of the outer wall of the fixed shell 10. A sliding groove 17 is provided in the inner wall of the fixed shell 10. The lens 14 is connected to the sliding groove 17 through a slider 18. The pneumatic unit and the inertial measurement unit 16 are connected to the controller 9 via Bluetooth transmission. A power supply 19 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the housing 1. A detection motor 20 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the power supply 19. A power supply 21 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the fixing plate 5. A detection motor 22 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the power supply 21. The detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22 are connected to the power supply 19 and the power supply 21 respectively via signal lines. A switch 23 is installed at the output end of the detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22. The switch 23 is connected to the telescopic rod 6 and the slider 18 respectively via connecting shafts. The power supply 19, the detection motor 10, the power supply 21, the detection motor 22 and the switch 23 are all connected to the controller 9 via Bluetooth transmission. The pneumatic unit consists of a piezoelectric micropump 28, a solenoid valve 29, and a pressure sensor 30. The piezoelectric micropump 28 is installed on the side of the inner wall of the fixed shell 10 away from the lens 14. The solenoid valve 29 is installed at the output end of the piezoelectric micropump 28. The pressure sensor 30 is installed on the inner wall of the airbag 15. The piezoelectric micropump 28 and the solenoid valve 29 are connected to the power supply 19 and the power supply 21 through signal lines. The pressure sensor 30 is connected to the controller 9 through Bluetooth transmission. Furthermore, when probe 2 and probe 3 perform bone density testing on the wearer, the inertial measurement unit 16 located on the outer wall of the fixed shell 10 of probe 2 detects the posture changes of the wearer's wrist. When probe 2 emits near-infrared light with a wavelength of 1730nm to detect fat on the wearer's wrist, if the detected fat thickness at the wearer's wrist is greater than 3cm, the light penetration depth is insufficient, and the bone feature signal is significantly attenuated. At this time, in order to collect accurate bone information, the controller 9 controls the switch 23 at the output end of the detection motor 20 to connect to the slider 18. Driven by the detection motor 20, the slider 18 drives the lens 14 to move in a fixed position. The probe moves within the groove 17 on the inner wall of the shell 10, adjusting the distance between the lens 14 and the diode 11. By shortening the distance between the lens 14 and the diode 11, the light spot is focused on the deep cortical bone layer, avoiding the scattering of near-infrared light by an excessively thick fat layer. When the wearer's wrist flexion / extension is greater than 15° or rotation is greater than 10°, the interface between the probe 12 and the wearer's skin shifts, and the bone positioning shifts. The slider 18 moves away from the diode 11 under the drive of the detection motor 20. By increasing the distance between the lens 14 and the diode 11, the optical path angle deviation is compensated, thereby maintaining the acquisition stability of the hydroxyapatite peak and collagen peak. When the wearer fixes probe 2 3 in different positions, such as fingers and ankles, the fat thickness varies in different locations. Therefore, the distance between lens 14 and diode 11 needs to be adjusted according to the fat thickness collected by probe 2 3 in that area to ensure the accuracy of bone density information acquisition. In addition, when the inertial measurement unit 16 detects a change in the wearer's posture, the contact pressure between probe 1 2 and probe 2 3 and the wearer's skin changes synchronously. To ensure that pressure changes and ambient light do not interfere with the information acquisition of probe 1 2 and probe 2 3, controller 9 controls power supply 1 19 and power supply 2 21 to supply power to the piezoelectric micropumps 2 inside probe 1 2 and probe 2 3, respectively. 8. Power is supplied. The piezoelectric micropump 28 controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 29 based on the pressure changes transmitted to the controller 9 by the pressure sensor 18 and the pressure sensor 20, thereby increasing or decreasing the gas stored in the airbag 15. If the probe 2 shifts to the left, a gap appears between the right side of the probe 2 and the wearer's skin. The controller 9 controls the pneumatic unit to adjust the airbag 15 at the front end of the probe 2, so that the gas in the left airbag 15 decreases and the gas in the right airbag 15 increases, so that the probe 2 restores uniform contact with the wearer's skin. At the same time, it avoids the interference of ambient light caused by the shift of the probe 2, thereby ensuring the accuracy of information collection.
[0025] Example 4: Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2A portable wearable dynamic bone density monitor based on multispectral optics includes a housing 1 and a probe 2. The probe 2 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the housing 1, and the probe 3 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing 1. Telescopic straps 4 are provided on the left and right sides of the outer walls of the housing 1 and the probe 3. The telescopic straps 4 are connected to the probe 3 through a fixing plate 5. Telescopic rods 6 are installed at the connection between the probe 2 and the housing 1 and at the connection between the probe 3 and the fixing plate 5. Locking rings 7 are installed at the connection between the telescopic rods 6 and the housing 1 and the fixing plate 5. Pressure sensors 8 are embedded on the lower side of the outer wall of the probe 2 and the upper side of the outer wall of the probe 3. The pressure sensors 8 are connected to a controller 9 installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the housing 1 through a signal line. A power supply 19 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the housing 1. A detection motor 20 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the power supply 19. A power supply 21 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the fixing plate 5. A detection motor 22 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the power supply 21. The detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22 are connected to the power supply 19 and the power supply 21 respectively via signal lines. A switch 23 is installed at the output end of the detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22. The switch 23 is connected to the telescopic rod 6 and the slider 18 respectively via connecting shafts. The power supply 19, the detection motor 10, the power supply 21, the detection motor 22 and the switch 23 are all connected to the controller 9 via Bluetooth transmission. A storage box 24 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing 1. The second probe 3 is placed inside the storage box 24. A dial 25 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the storage box 24. The dial 25 consists of a display screen 26 and indicator lights 27. The display screen 26 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the storage box 24. Indicator lights 27 are surrounded on the outer wall of the display screen 26. The display screen 26 and indicator lights 27 are connected to the controller 9 and the power supply 19 respectively through signal lines. Furthermore, before wearing the device, the wearer needs to undergo a series of standard tests at a hospital using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and input the results into controller 9. The wearer then wears the device on their wrist and issues a testing command via display screen 26. Probe 2 and Probe 3 are used to collect bone density data. The multispectral features collected via DXA and Probe 2 are correlated to establish a personal baseline profile for the wearer. In subsequent daily life, the wearer can autonomously collect their own bone density information using Probe 2 and Probe 3. Controller 9 compares the subsequently collected bone density information with the personal baseline profile, uses a random forest algorithm to construct a machine learning model, and calculates the relative change in the wearer's bone density relative to the bone density in the personal baseline profile. Controller 9 then uses clinical datasets stored in the database to perform machine learning... The model is trained using clinical data including dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and simultaneous multispectral analysis to analyze the mapping relationship between spectral characteristics and changes in bone density. For example, changes in the absorption rate of near-infrared light at a wavelength of 940 nm directly reflect the density of hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone, and this characteristic is negatively correlated with the degree of cancellous bone mineralization. Changes in the light scattering coefficient of near-infrared light at a wavelength of 850 nm capture changes in the spatial structure of bone trabeculae, and enhanced scattering indicates bone trabeculae fracture or sparsity. The controller 9 receives the relative change value of the wearer's bone density and plots the trend curve of the wearer's bone density change. If the wearer's bone density change trend curve decreases significantly for three consecutive months, the controller 9 controls the power supply 19 to supply power to the dial 25, the indicator light 27 flashes continuously, and then the display screen 26 displays a warning, prompting the wearer to go to the hospital for a follow-up examination or adjust their lifestyle.
[0026] Example 5: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 8 A portable wearable dynamic bone density monitor based on multispectral optics includes a housing 1 and a probe 2. The probe 2 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the housing 1, and the probe 3 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing 1. Telescopic straps 4 are provided on the left and right sides of the outer walls of the housing 1 and the probe 3. The telescopic straps 4 are connected to the probe 3 through a fixing plate 5. Telescopic rods 6 are installed at the connection between the probe 2 and the housing 1 and at the connection between the probe 3 and the fixing plate 5. Locking rings 7 are installed at the connection between the telescopic rods 6 and the housing 1 and the fixing plate 5. Pressure sensors 8 are embedded on the lower side of the outer wall of the probe 2 and the upper side of the outer wall of the probe 3. The pressure sensors 8 are connected to a controller 9 installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the housing 1 through a signal line. A power supply 19 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the housing 1. A detection motor 20 is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the power supply 19. A power supply 21 is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the fixing plate 5. A detection motor 22 is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the power supply 21. The detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22 are connected to the power supply 19 and the power supply 21 respectively via signal lines. A switch 23 is installed at the output end of the detection motor 10 and the detection motor 22. The switch 23 is connected to the telescopic rod 6 and the slider 18 respectively via connecting shafts. The power supply 19, the detection motor 10, the power supply 21, the detection motor 22 and the switch 23 are all connected to the controller 9 via Bluetooth transmission. A charging interface 35 is installed on the rear side of the outer wall of the housing 1. The charging interface 35 is connected to power supply 19 and power supply 21 respectively via signal lines. A temperature sensor 36 is embedded in the middle of the inner wall of the fixed housing 10. The temperature sensor 36 is connected to the controller 9 via signal lines. Furthermore, to prevent bone density data collection distortion due to temperature changes during the process of probe 12 and probe 23 collecting bone density information from the wearer, a temperature sensor 36 detects the temperature inside the fixation shell 10 and transmits the information to the controller 9. If a temperature change occurs during bone density data collection, the controller 9 corrects the information collected by probe 12 and probe 23 according to the temperature-parameter drift mapping relationship stored in the database, eliminating parameter drift caused by temperature changes. When the temperature is above 40℃ or below 5℃, the controller 9 controls probe 12 and probe 23 to stop detecting. In addition, to ensure the device's battery life and charging safety, when the wearer charges power supply 19 and power supply 21 through the charging interface 35, the temperature sensor 36 can detect internal temperature changes in the device to prevent charging accidents. Moreover, the power transmission method between the charging interface 35 and power supply 21 can be changed to wireless charging, further improving the device's safety.
[0027] Working principle: The wearer issues a command through the dial 25. The controller 9 controls the power supply 19 to supply power to the winding motor 34 behind the detection motor 20. The winding motor 34 drives the retractable belt 4 to extend. The wearer places the housing 1 on the wrist and connects and fixes the buckle 32. The controller 9 controls the winding motor 34 to drive the retractable belt 33 to rotate in the opposite direction, shrinking the retractable belt 4 so that it fits the wearer's wrist. When it is necessary to use the probe 2 3 to perform synchronous detection on other parts, the controller 9 controls the opening and closing valve 31 to open. The wearer takes out the probe 2 3 placed in the storage box 24 and fixes the probe 2 3 in the position to be detected in the same way. When testing is required, controller 9 controls power supply 19 and power supply 21 to supply power to detection motor 20 and detection motor 22 respectively, and controls the switch 23 at the output of detection motor 20 and detection motor 22 to connect to telescopic rod 6. Driven by detection motor 20 and detection motor 22, the telescopic rod 6 at probe 2 and probe 3 pushes probe 2 and probe 3 respectively, so that probe 2 is close to the wearer's skin. Pressure sensor 8 senses the pressure between probe 2 and probe 3 and the wearer's skin. When the pressure reaches 5-10 kPa, the connection between switch 23 and telescopic rod 6 is disconnected. Controller 9 controls power supply 19 and power supply 21 to supply power to probe 2 and probe 3 respectively. Diode 11 emits near-infrared light of a specific frequency. The near-infrared light is captured by photodetector 13 after reflection. Controller 9 judges the wearer's bone density information based on the collected information. During the detection process, the inertial measurement unit 16 detects the posture changes of the wearer's wrist and the area where the second probe 3 is worn. When a posture change occurs, the controller 9 controls the switch 23 at the output end of the detection motor 20 to connect to the slider 18. Driven by the detection motor 20, the slider 18 moves the lens 14 within the groove 17 opened in the inner wall of the fixed shell 10, adjusting the distance between the lens 14 and the diode 11. The lens 14 in the second probe 3 is adjusted in the same way. To ensure that pressure changes and ambient light do not interfere with the information acquisition of the first probe 2 and the second probe 3, the controller 9 controls the power supply 19 and the power supply 21 to supply power to the piezoelectric micropump 28 in the first probe 2 and the second probe 3, respectively. The piezoelectric micropump 28 controls the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 29 according to the pressure changes transmitted to the controller 9 by the pressure sensor 8 and the pressure sensor 30, adding or subtracting the gas stored in the airbag 15 to make the first probe 2 and the second probe 3 evenly contact the wearer's skin. After the test is completed, the wearer unfastens the buckle 32 at the end of the telescopic strap 4 at probe 2 3. The controller 9 controls the winding motor 34 at probe 2 3 to drive the roller 33 to wind up the telescopic strap 4. The wearer puts probe 2 3 into the storage box 24. Then the controller 9 controls the opening and closing valve 31 to close, waiting for the next test. The controller 9 constructs a personal baseline file for the wearer based on the results of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and spectral detection. The subsequent spectral detection results are compared with the personal baseline file to plot the wearer's bone density change trend curve. If the wearer's bone density change trend curve decreases significantly for three consecutive months, the controller 9 controls the power supply 19 to supply power to the dial 25. The indicator light 27 flashes continuously, and then the display screen 26 displays a warning, prompting the wearer to go to the hospital for a follow-up examination or adjust their lifestyle.
[0028] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optics, characterized in that: The device includes a housing (1) and a probe (2). The probe (2) is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the housing (1). The probe (3) is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing (1). Telescopic belts (4) are provided on the left and right sides of the outer walls of the housing (1) and the probe (3). The telescopic belts (4) are connected to the probe (3) through a fixing plate (5). Telescopic rods (6) are installed at the connection between the probe (2) and the housing (1) and at the connection between the probe (3) and the fixing plate (5). Locking rings (7) are installed at the connection between the telescopic rods (6) and the housing (1) and the fixing plate (5). Pressure sensor (8) is embedded on the lower side of the outer wall of the probe (2) and the upper side of the outer wall of the probe (3). The pressure sensor (8) is connected to a controller (9) installed on the upper side of the inner wall of the housing (1) through a signal line.
2. The portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optics principle according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both probe 1 (2) and probe 2 (3) are composed of a fixed shell (10), a diode (11), a grating layer (12), a photodetector (13) and a lens (14). The fixed shell (10) is installed on the outer wall of the telescopic rod (6) away from the shell (1) and the fixed plate (5). The diode (11) is installed on the inner wall of the fixed shell (10) near the telescopic rod (6). The grating layer (12) surrounds the inner wall of the fixed shell (10). The photodetector (13) is installed at the center of the outer wall of the diode (11). The lens (14) is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the diode (11). The diode (11) and the photodetector (13) are connected to the controller (9) through a signal line.
3. A portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optical principles according to claim 2, characterized in that: An airbag (15) is embedded in the front side of the outer wall of the fixed shell (10). A pneumatic unit is installed in the interlayer of the inner wall of the fixed shell (10). The airbag (15) is connected to the pneumatic unit through a connecting pipe. An inertial measurement unit (16) is embedded in the side of the outer wall of the fixed shell (10). A sliding groove (17) is provided in the inner wall of the fixed shell (10). The lens (14) is connected to the sliding groove (17) through a slider (18). The pneumatic unit and the inertial measurement unit (16) are connected to the controller (9) through Bluetooth transmission.
4. A portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optical principles according to claim 3, characterized in that: A power supply (19) is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the housing (1). A detection motor (20) is installed on the lower side of the outer wall of the power supply (19). A power supply (21) is installed in the middle of the inner wall of the fixing plate (5). A detection motor (22) is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the power supply (21). The detection motor (20) and the detection motor (22) are connected to the power supply (19) and the power supply (21) respectively via signal lines. A switch (23) is installed at the output end of the detection motor (20) and the detection motor (22). The switch (23) is connected to the telescopic rod (6) and the slider (18) respectively via connecting shafts. The power supply (19), the detection motor (20), the power supply (21), the detection motor (22) and the switch (23) are all connected to the controller (9) via Bluetooth transmission.
5. A portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optical principles according to claim 4, characterized in that: A storage box (24) is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the housing (1). The second probe (3) is placed inside the storage box (24). A dial (25) is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the storage box (24). The dial (25) consists of a display screen (26) and an indicator light (27). A display screen (26) is installed on the upper side of the outer wall of the storage box (24). An indicator light (27) surrounds the outer wall of the display screen (26). The display screen (26) and the indicator light (27) are connected to the controller (9) and the power supply (19) respectively through signal lines.
6. A portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optical principles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pneumatic unit consists of a piezoelectric micropump (28), a solenoid valve (29), and a pressure sensor (30). The piezoelectric micropump (28) is installed on the side of the inner wall of the fixed shell (10) away from the lens (14). The solenoid valve (29) is installed at the output end of the piezoelectric micropump (28). The pressure sensor (30) is installed on the inner wall of the airbag (15). The piezoelectric micropump (28) and the solenoid valve (29) are connected to power supply one (19) and power supply two (21) through signal lines. The pressure sensor (30) is connected to the controller (9) through Bluetooth transmission.
7. A portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optical principles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The storage box (24) is equipped with an opening and closing valve (31) on the front side of its outer wall. The opening and closing valve (31) is connected to the controller (9) via a signal line. The telescopic belt (4) is equipped with buckles (32) at the end away from the housing (1) and the fixing plate (5). The telescopic belt (4) is equipped with a reel (33) at the end near the housing (1) and the fixing plate (5). The detection motor 1 (20) and the detection motor 2 (22) are equipped with a winding motor (34) on the rear side of their outer walls. The reel (33) is connected to the winding motor (34) via a connecting shaft. The winding motor (34) is connected to the controller (9) via Bluetooth transmission.
8. A portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optics as described in claim 1, characterized in that: A charging interface (35) is installed on the rear side of the outer wall of the housing (1). The charging interface (35) is connected to power supply one (19) and power supply two (21) respectively through signal lines. A temperature sensor (36) is embedded in the middle of the inner wall of the fixed housing (10). The temperature sensor (36) is connected to the controller (9) through signal lines.
9. An analytical method for a portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optics, applicable to the portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optics as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The analytical method is as follows: S1: The controller (9) controls probe one (2) to perform periodic testing based on the pre-input wearer information, and prompts the wearer to use probe two (3) for testing periodically via the display screen (26); S2: Probe 1 (2) and Probe 2 (3) transmit the collected information to the controller (9). The controller (9) extracts the wearer's skeletal spectral features. The controller (9) associates the measured value with the standard T value based on the pre-input wearer standard T value to establish the wearer's personal benchmark profile. S3: During the detection process of probe one (2) and probe two (3), the controller (9) compensates the measured value according to the wearer's posture detected by the inertial measurement unit (16); S4: A machine learning model is built using the random forest algorithm, and subsequent measurements are compared with the individual's baseline profile to calculate the relative change in the wearer's bone density; S5: The controller (9) obtains the clinical dataset containing dual-energy X-ray detection results and spectral data stored in the database to train the machine learning model and learn the mapping relationship between spectral features and bone density changes; S6: The controller (9) receives the relative change value of the wearer's bone density and plots the trend curve of the wearer's bone density change. If the trend curve of the wearer's bone density decreases for three consecutive months, the controller (9) controls the power supply (19) to send power to the indicator light (27) to remind the wearer to seek medical attention and have a follow-up examination in time.
10. The analytical method for a portable wearable dynamic bone mineral density monitor based on multispectral optical principles according to claim 9, characterized in that: Specifically, S1 is: S11: In daily wear scenarios, the controller (9) controls the power supply (19) to deliver power to the detection motor (20). The telescopic rod (6) connecting the probe (2) and the housing (1) is connected through the switch (23) at the output end of the detection motor (20). Driven by the detection motor (20), the telescopic rod (6) pushes the probe (2) close to the wearer's skin. The pressure sensor (8) detects the pressure between the probe (2) and the wearer's skin to ensure that the probe (2) can accurately collect information. S12: After probe one (2) is in contact with the wearer's skin, the controller (9) controls power supply one (19) to deliver power to diode (11) and photodetector (13). Diode (11) emits near-infrared light with frequencies of 135-137THz, 139-145THz, 207THz and 173THz. Photodetector (13) receives the reflected near-infrared light information and transmits it to controller (9). S13: When it is necessary to test the finger, the wearer sends a command through the dial (25) to the controller (9). The controller (9) controls the opening and closing valve (31) to open. The wearer takes out the probe two (3) stored in the storage box (24), wears the probe two (3) on the position to be tested, collects the bone density information of the position through the probe two (3), and transmits it to the controller (9) via Bluetooth.