An integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat rate measuring system and method

Abstract

The application discloses an integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat rate measuring system and method, relates to the technical field of live poultry abdominal fat rate detection, and comprises a PCB integrated control module, a multi-dimensional data acquisition module, a power management module, a shell packaging assembly and an auxiliary detection support. The application aims at the technical defects of the existing poultry abdominal fat rate detection equipment, such as complex operation, low measurement precision and weak anti-interference ability, realizes integrated and synchronous detection of impedance, weight and back width parameters through integrated design, improves the system stability through a double-main-control architecture, simplifies the operation process through integrated layout, guarantees detection precision through multi-dimensional data acquisition, and is suitable for rapid detection of the abdominal fat rate in a large-scale poultry breeding scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of poultry abdominal fat percentage detection technology, and more specifically to an integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system and method. Background Technology

[0002] In broiler breeding, abdominal fat percentage is a core phenotypic indicator for assessing broiler growth performance and meat quality. However, the industry currently lacks accurate, efficient, and non-invasive methods for detecting abdominal fat percentage. While bioelectrical impedance analysis has been attempted for detecting abdominal fat percentage in chickens, its accuracy and reliability are unsatisfactory, with the measured values ​​only maintaining a moderate fit to the actual abdominal fat percentage. Furthermore, a standardized and systematic testing protocol has not yet been established. Traditional abdominal fat percentage measurement equipment can no longer meet the high-efficiency testing requirements in practical applications. Therefore, to further improve the efficiency of broiler abdominal fat content detection and accelerate the breeding process of low-abdominal-fat-percentage broiler breeds, developing an integrated, highly stable, multi-parameter simultaneous detection abdominal fat percentage measurement system is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system, comprising: a PCB integrated control module, a multi-dimensional data acquisition module, a power management module, a housing packaging component, and an auxiliary detection bracket; Furthermore, the PCB integrated control module adopts a dual-main control architecture of BH66F2665 and ATMEGA328P-MU, which is used to receive and process detection signals from the multi-dimensional data acquisition module, and to perform serial communication and program control. The system integrates an analog ground filter circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, ISP programming pins, a CH340C serial port download circuit, and a serial port selection module. The analog ground filter circuit reduces signal interference, while the crystal oscillator circuit provides precise timing signals. The crystal oscillator circuit uses a 16MHz passive crystal oscillator, with external matching capacitors forming a timing oscillation circuit to provide a clock reference signal for the first main control chip. The serial port selection module employs hardware channel switching logic, selectively enabling either UART1 or UART2 dual serial port channels to achieve parallel and independent operation of program programming and multi-dimensional detection data transmission. Simultaneously, this module integrates button circuitry and indicator light circuitry; the physical button layout conforms to hand-held habits, facilitating practical operation. Furthermore, the multi-dimensional data acquisition module is electrically connected to the PCB integrated control module. The multi-dimensional data acquisition module includes a BIA impedance measurement module, a weighing module, and a distance measurement module, which are used to acquire bioimpedance data, weight data, and back width data of the object under test, respectively. The BIA impedance measurement module includes an electrode group and a signal processing circuit based on the second main control chip. The signal processing circuit includes a sine wave generator, an amplifier, and a filter, configured to generate a sinusoidal excitation signal in the frequency range of 1kHz-500kHz. The electrode group is connected to the signal processing circuit via a reserved interface on the PCB board, and is used to apply the excitation signal to the object under test and acquire the feedback voltage signal.

[0004] Furthermore, the weighing module includes a weighing sensor, a signal conditioning unit, and an analog-to-digital converter. The weighing sensor is a resistance strain gauge sensor, which is installed in the embedded fixed area at the bottom of the auxiliary detection bracket; the signal conditioning unit includes a bridge amplifier circuit composed of operational amplifiers, which is used to convert the weak resistance change signal output by the weighing sensor into a measurable voltage signal, and to perform signal amplification and noise reduction processing to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The analog-to-digital conversion module uses a 24-bit analog-to-digital conversion chip to convert the analog voltage signal output by the signal conditioning unit into a digital signal, ensuring the accuracy and resolution of weight data acquisition. The weighing module is electrically connected to the PCB integrated control module; Both the embedded fixed area and the ranging module mounting position are equipped with mechanical limiting structures to limit sensor displacement and regulate the posture of the poultry to be tested.

[0005] Furthermore, the power management module is electrically connected to the PCB integrated control module and the multi-dimensional data acquisition module, and is used to provide multi-level regulated power supply and manage battery charging and discharging. The power management module includes a DC-DC converter circuit and a charging protection circuit: The converter circuit includes a first-stage buck unit and a second-stage regulator unit. The first-stage buck unit uses an LM2596S chip to convert the input voltage to 5V, and the second-stage regulator unit uses an AMS1117 chip to convert 5V to 3.3V. The charging protection circuit uses a CN3703 chip, which is adapted to a three-cell series-connected lithium battery pack. The charging protection circuit includes a power path composed of a MOSFET, a diode, and an inductor, as well as a sampling resistor for current detection, to achieve constant current and constant voltage charging management of the battery pack and overcharge, over-discharge, and short-circuit protection.

[0006] Furthermore, the outer casing assembly reserves various interfaces and operation windows according to the PCB board module layout for encapsulating the PCB integrated control module and power management module; The auxiliary detection bracket is provided with an embedded fixing area adapted to the weighing module and a mounting position adapted to the ranging module, for fixing the object to be measured and standardizing the detection posture; The modules work together to achieve synchronous acquisition and measurement of impedance, weight, and back width parameters.

[0007] It also includes an integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement method, comprising the following steps: S1: The system starts up and performs a power self-test to confirm that the power supply voltage is stable; S2: Place the poultry to be tested in the positioning area of ​​the auxiliary testing bracket and fix its posture by limiting structure; S3: In response to user-triggered commands, the PCB integrated control module controls the multi-dimensional data acquisition module to synchronously perform acquisition actions: controlling the BIA impedance measurement module to acquire impedance data, controlling the weighing module to acquire weight data, and controlling the distance measurement module to acquire back width data. S4: The PCB integrated control module receives the above data and performs filtering processing, and calculates the abdominal fat percentage result by combining the preset multi-parameter fitting algorithm. S5: Outputs measurement results through the display module and performs data storage or reset operations according to user instructions.

[0008] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, this invention adopts a dual-main-control architecture, breaking through the limitation of traditional single-function detectors that rely solely on bioimpedance to calculate body fat percentage. By integrating a weighing module and a ranging module, it achieves simultaneous acquisition of impedance, weight, and back width parameters. Combined with a preset algorithm model, it improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the detection data, effectively eliminating impedance measurement errors caused by individual growth differences in poultry. The power management module used by the BIA impedance measurement module adopts a two-stage power supply of DC-DC switching step-down + second-stage voltage regulator unit, providing a clean power supply for the BIA measurement module and sensor. Addressing the problem of data dispersion caused by easy movement and unstable posture in live poultry detection, this invention designs a dedicated auxiliary detection bracket. Through the cooperation of the embedded weighing area and the limiting structure, the object under test is forced to maintain a relatively static and standard posture, ensuring the perpendicularity of the ranging sensor to the poultry's back and the stability of electrode contact. This not only reduces the skill requirements for operators but also greatly improves the efficiency of rapid abdominal fat percentage detection in poultry farming scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0009] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of this invention and its specific implementation details, the accompanying drawings used will be briefly described below.

[0010] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the overall structure of an integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the PCB integrated control module of an integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage converter circuit of an integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the charging protection circuit of an integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to the present invention. Figure 5 This is a block diagram illustrating the signal processing principle of the weighing module in an embodiment of the integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system of the present invention. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working principle of the ranging module in an embodiment of the integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system of the present invention. Figure 7 This is an external structural diagram of an integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0011] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0012] like Figure 1 As shown, the integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system provided in this embodiment includes: a PCB integrated control module, a multi-dimensional data acquisition module, a power management module, a shell packaging component, and an auxiliary detection bracket; like Figure 5 The outer shell packaging assembly shown is integrally formed using 3D printing technology. Its structural design is based on the layout of the PCB board module and is pre-fitted to the mounting positions of the power interface and serial port interface, as well as the LCD display window and button operation area corresponding to the LCD display module and button operation module. It also has heat dissipation holes, and has a neat appearance and is easy to hold. The auxiliary detection bracket is 3D printed. Its upper part has a distance sensor mounting position that is compatible with the distance measurement module in the multi-dimensional data acquisition module, and its lower part has an embedded fixing area for the weighing sensor. This is used to fix the sensor body of the weighing module, standardize the relative position relationship during the detection process, reduce measurement errors caused by sensor offset and the swaying posture of the object being detected, and ensure the synchronization and accuracy of multi-dimensional data acquisition.

[0013] The PCB integrated control module employs a dual-master architecture, consisting of a first master control chip (ATMEGA328P-MU) and a second master control chip (BH66F2665). The ATMEGA328P-MU's GPIO pins are connected to the LCD display, physical button circuitry, and alarm buzzer, respectively. It is also responsible for reading ranging data via the I2C bus and weighing data via digital I / O. The BH66F2665 is dedicated to BIA impedance measurement. The two chips are physically connected via a UART serial port protocol. The first master control chip sends a "start measurement" command, and the second master control chip performs an impedance scan, then sends the calculated complex impedance data back to the first master control chip.

[0014] like Figure 2 As shown, the system also includes an integrated analog ground filter circuit, a 16MHz passive crystal oscillator, ISP programming pins, a CH340C serial port download circuit, and a serial port selection module. The button circuit includes a power switch and three function buttons: "Measure," "Confirm," and "Reset." The indicator light circuit features 5V and 3.3V power indicators to provide real-time feedback on the power supply status. The crystal oscillator circuit is specifically adapted to the ATMEGA328P-MU chip in the dual-master architecture, providing it with a precise and stable clock reference signal. This ensures the synchronization of the program execution, data processing, and communication timing with the other master controller chip, supporting the orderly execution of the system's multi-module collaborative work. The multi-dimensional data acquisition module includes a BIA impedance measurement module, a weighing module, and a distance measurement module, which are used to collect bioimpedance data, weight data, and back width data of the subject to be tested, respectively. The BIA impedance measurement module includes an electrode assembly and a signal processing circuit based on the second main control chip. The signal processing circuit includes a sine wave generator, an amplifier, and a filter, configured to generate a sinusoidal excitation signal in the frequency range of 1kHz-500kHz. The electrode assembly is connected to the signal processing circuit via a reserved interface on the PCB board, used to apply the excitation signal to the object under test and acquire the feedback voltage signal. The electrode assembly of the BIA impedance measurement module is connected to the main control module via a reserved interface on the PCB board, and works with the analog ground filtering circuit to improve the impedance signal acquisition accuracy. The weighing module includes a weighing sensor, a signal conditioning unit, and an analog-to-digital conversion module. The weighing sensor is a resistance strain gauge sensor, which is installed in an embedded fixing area at the bottom of the auxiliary detection bracket and fixed without gaps. The weighing area has an anti-slip texture design to ensure that the poultry's weight is evenly stressed, reducing measurement errors caused by sensor offset and the swaying posture of the object being tested, and ensuring the synchronization and accuracy of multi-dimensional data acquisition. The weighing module is electrically connected to the PCB integrated control module through a dedicated interface reserved on the PCB board. The connection line adopts an integrated copper foil trace design on the PCB board, avoiding areas with strong interference circuits and working in conjunction with the analog ground filter circuit to suppress the influence of electromagnetic interference on the weight signal.

[0015] The signal conditioning unit includes a bridge amplifier circuit composed of operational amplifiers. The resistance change signal output by the weighing sensor is conditioned into an analog voltage signal by the bridge amplifier circuit, and then converted into a digital signal by a 24-bit high-precision analog-to-digital converter chip and transmitted to the PCB integrated control module to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The analog-to-digital conversion module uses a 24-bit high-precision analog-to-digital conversion chip to convert the analog voltage signal output by the signal conditioning unit into a digital signal, ensuring the accuracy and resolution of weight data acquisition. like Figure 6 As shown, the ranging module includes a ranging sensor, a signal processing unit, an installation and positioning structure, and an adaptation and calibration unit. The ranging sensor is based on the time-of-flight ranging principle. It emits a modulated laser signal, receives the echo signal after reflection, and calculates the distance using the conversion relationship between the propagation time of the light signal and the speed of light. It has the characteristics of fast response speed and high measurement accuracy. Its measurement range and resolution are adapted to the needs of poultry back width detection and can accurately capture the distance parameters corresponding to the back width. The signal processing unit includes a signal amplification circuit, a filtering circuit, and a shaping circuit, which are used to condition the echo signal received by the sensor, filter out ambient light interference and circuit noise, extract effective signal features, and ensure the accuracy of distance data calculation. The installation and positioning structure is a distance sensor mounting position preset on the upper part of the auxiliary detection bracket. The mounting position adopts a limiting structure design and is integrally formed with the auxiliary detection bracket by 3D printing process. The spatial angle of the mounting position is precisely calculated to ensure that the sensor detection direction is vertically aligned with the detection area on the back of the poultry, and the detection range completely covers the back width detection range of poultry of different sizes. like Figure 3As shown, the power management module adopts a two-stage voltage regulation and charging protection power supply scheme. The charging protection circuit uses a DC-5.5*2.1MM DC power interface to connect to an external 12V DC power supply. The 10uF filter circuit connected in parallel with the interface is used to filter out input power noise and ensure input voltage stability. This circuit uses the CN3703 chip as the core charging control chip. A 10uF capacitor at its VCC pin is used to filter the power supply to the chip. Simultaneously, an IRF9Z34N MOSFET, an SS36 diode, a 20uH inductor, and a 22uH inductor, along with the CN3703 chip's DRV pin, form a power path to control the power supply to three series-connected 18650 lithium batteries. A 0.1R sampling resistor is used for current detection, and a 120R resistor is connected to the CN3703 chip's CSP pin for accurate sampling of charging parameters. A 10K resistor at the CN3703 chip's RST pin ensures stable chip reset functionality through voltage division. These components work together to achieve constant current and constant voltage charging management for the three series-connected 18650 lithium batteries, and multi-dimensional protection functions ensure the safety of the charging process.

[0016] like Figure 4 As shown, the system input is connected to a three-cell series-connected 18650 lithium battery pack (11.1V-12.6V). First, a KCD11-3P-R switch controls the on / off state of the 12V power supply. This voltage is converted to 5V by an LM2596SX-5.0 / NOPB chip, then to 3.3V by a voltage regulator chip. Capacitors optimize output ripple, and resistors R19 and R20 limit the current for the indicator lights. The charging protection circuit is connected to the power supply via a DC-005 interface. A CN3703 chip controls the charging current and voltage. An IRF8234 NMOS transistor and an SS36 diode form a power path, providing overcurrent and overvoltage protection. LED5 and LED6 indicate the charging progress and charging completion status, respectively.

[0017] This invention also includes a method for selecting chickens based on body fat percentage phenotype, the specific steps of which are as follows: like Figure 5 , 7 As shown, the system is started by the power switch in step 1, and the power indicator light illuminates, confirming normal power supply. The object to be tested is placed in the designated position on the auxiliary testing bracket 2, and the weight data is acquired by the weighing module 4. The impedance data is measured by attaching the electrode pads 5. The distance of the distance measuring module 3 is adjusted to acquire the back width data. The "Measure" button in step 1 is pressed, and the multi-dimensional data acquisition module simultaneously acquires impedance, weight, and distance data. The PCB integrated control module filters the data and calculates the abdominal fat percentage using the algorithm model. The test results are presented through the LCD display window in step 1. The data can be saved by the "Confirm" button in step 1, and the "Reset" button can be used to prepare for the next measurement.

[0018] This invention realizes integrated measurement of abdominal fat percentage. The integrated design improves system stability and scalability, and the simultaneous detection of multiple parameters meets diverse application needs. It is suitable for animal abdominal fat percentage detection scenarios in the breeding industry.

[0019] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system, characterized in that, include: PCB integrated control module, multi-dimensional data acquisition module, power management module, housing packaging components and auxiliary testing bracket; The PCB integrated control module is used to receive and process detection signals from the multi-dimensional data acquisition module, and to perform serial communication and program control. The multi-dimensional data acquisition module is electrically connected to the PCB integrated control module. The multi-dimensional data acquisition module includes a BIA impedance measurement module, a weighing module, and a distance measurement module, which are used to collect the bioimpedance data, weight data, and back width data of the object to be tested, respectively. The power management module is electrically connected to the PCB integrated control module and the multi-dimensional data acquisition module, and is used to provide multi-level regulated power supply and manage battery charging and discharging. The outer casing assembly is used to encapsulate the PCB integrated control module and power management module; The auxiliary detection bracket is provided with an embedded fixing area adapted to the weighing module and a mounting position adapted to the ranging module, for fixing the object to be measured and standardizing the detection posture; The modules work together to achieve synchronous acquisition and measurement of impedance, weight, and back width parameters.

2. The integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PCB integrated control module adopts a dual-master architecture, including a first master control chip and a second master control chip: The first master control chip is an ATMEGA328P-MU, used for system logic control, data processing, and peripheral interaction; The second master control chip is a BH66F2665, dedicated to signal excitation and acquisition of the BIA impedance measurement module; The first master control chip and the second master control chip establish a communication connection through a serial port protocol; The PCB integrated control module also integrates an analog ground filter circuit, a crystal oscillator circuit, an ISP programming pin, a serial port download circuit, and a serial port selection module.

3. The integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The crystal oscillator circuit uses a 16MHz passive crystal oscillator, and an external matching capacitor forms a timing oscillation circuit to provide a clock reference signal for the first main control chip; the serial port selection module adopts hardware channel switching logic to selectively conduct UART1 or UART2 dual serial port channels to realize the parallel and independent operation of program burning and multi-dimensional detection data transmission.

4. The integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power management module includes a DC-DC converter circuit and a charging protection circuit. The converter circuit includes a first-stage buck unit and a second-stage regulator unit. The first-stage buck unit uses an LM2596S chip to convert the input voltage to 5V, and the second-stage regulator unit uses an AMS1117 chip to convert 5V to 3.3V. The charging protection circuit uses a CN3703 chip, which is compatible with a three-cell series-connected lithium battery pack. The charging protection circuit includes a power path composed of a MOSFET, a diode, and an inductor, as well as a sampling resistor for current detection, to achieve constant current and constant voltage charging management of the battery pack and overcharge, over-discharge, and short-circuit protection.

5. The integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The BIA impedance measurement module includes an electrode group and a signal processing circuit based on the second main control chip; the signal processing circuit includes a sine wave generator, an amplifier and a filter, configured to generate a sinusoidal excitation signal in the frequency range of 1kHz-500kHz; the electrode group is connected to the signal processing circuit via a reserved interface on the PCB board, and is used to apply the excitation signal to the object under test and acquire the feedback voltage signal.

6. The integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The weighing module includes a weighing sensor, a signal conditioning unit, and an analog-to-digital converter. The weighing sensor is a resistance strain gauge sensor, which is installed in the embedded fixed area at the bottom of the auxiliary detection bracket; the signal conditioning unit includes a bridge amplifier circuit composed of operational amplifiers, which is used to convert the weak resistance change signal output by the weighing sensor into a measurable voltage signal, and to perform signal amplification and noise reduction processing to improve the signal-to-noise ratio. The analog-to-digital conversion module uses a 24-bit analog-to-digital conversion chip to convert the analog voltage signal output by the signal conditioning unit into a digital signal, ensuring the accuracy and resolution of weight data acquisition. The weighing module is electrically connected to the PCB integrated control module; Both the embedded fixed area and the ranging module mounting position are equipped with mechanical limiting structures to limit sensor displacement and regulate the posture of the poultry to be tested.

7. The integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ranging module includes a ranging sensor and an adapter calibration unit; The ranging sensor is installed at the mounting position on the upper part of the auxiliary detection bracket, and its detection direction is perpendicular to the back area of ​​the object to be measured; the adapter calibration unit is used to calculate the back width data by combining the preset height parameters with the measured distance data, and to compensate for ambient light interference.

8. The integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary testing bracket is integrally formed using 3D printing technology. The outer shell packaging component is equipped with a display module, a button operation module, and is electrically connected to the PCB integrated control module.

9. An integrated multi-parameter abdominal fat percentage measurement method, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: The system starts up and performs a power self-test to confirm that the power supply voltage is stable; S2: Place the poultry to be tested in the positioning area of ​​the auxiliary testing bracket and fix its posture by limiting structure; S3: In response to user-triggered commands, the PCB integrated control module controls the multi-dimensional data acquisition module to synchronously perform acquisition actions: controlling the BIA impedance measurement module to acquire impedance data, controlling the weighing module to acquire weight data, and controlling the distance measurement module to acquire back width data. S4: The PCB integrated control module receives the above data and performs filtering processing, and calculates the abdominal fat percentage result by combining the preset multi-parameter fitting algorithm. S5: Outputs measurement results through the display module and performs data storage or reset operations according to user instructions.

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