A large air volume low resistance double-stage spiral guide flow centrifugal gas-liquid separator

Abstract

A large air volume low resistance double-stage spiral guide flow centrifugal gas-liquid separator, including shell, the shell is equipped with guide cylinder, exhaust inner tube, flow stabilizer, first stage guide vane and second stage guide vane, the top of shell is equipped with exhaust port, the upper end side wall of shell is equipped with air inlet, the bottom of shell is equipped with liquid outlet, the flow stabilizer is arranged in the lower part of shell, the exhaust inner tube is arranged in the central position of shell, is located above the flow stabilizer, the upper end of exhaust inner tube extends out of exhaust port, the guide cylinder is coaxially arranged in the lower part of exhaust inner tube, the first stage guide vane is arranged between the outer wall of upper part of exhaust inner tube and the inner wall of shell, the second stage guide vane is arranged between the outer wall of middle part of exhaust inner tube and the inner wall of shell, the annular outer separation cavity is formed between the guide cylinder and the inner wall of shell, and the inner separation cavity is formed between the guide cylinder and the exhaust inner tube.The present application has reasonable and compact structure, strong adaptability, effectively improves the separation utilization rate of unit volume through guide cylinder and grading guide design, and reduces the equipment occupation and manufacturing cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of chemical waste gas treatment equipment, and relates to a large-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex-guided centrifugal gas-liquid separator. Background Technology

[0002] In chemical production processes, the waste gas treatment process often faces the following challenges: large waste gas volume (usually 150,000 to 250,000 Nm³ / min) and high temperature. During pipeline transportation, a large amount of free liquid will be released as the temperature decreases. If it cannot be effectively separated, it will seriously affect the operating efficiency of downstream VOC deodorization or boiler waste gas incineration systems.

[0003] Current mainstream gas-liquid separation equipment has obvious shortcomings: barrier-type equipment such as wire mesh demisters and baffle plate dewatering devices are easily clogged by the precipitated liquid / impurities, causing the pipeline operating pressure to rise continuously and failing to meet the requirements of continuous operation; although traditional cyclone separators use the centrifugal separation principle, under such high air volume conditions, the equipment diameter needs to be designed to be more than 2m, and the diameter of the liquid droplets that can be separated is inversely proportional to the diameter of the equipment, making it impossible to balance equipment size, resistance and separation efficiency, and difficult to adapt to large-scale waste gas treatment scenarios.

[0004] An investigation revealed that Chinese patent CN201821896624.6, entitled "A Gas-Liquid Separation Device and Chemical Tower Equipment," describes a gas-liquid separation device comprising a shell, a gas-liquid distributor, a baffle plate, a sealing sleeve, and a liquid collecting sleeve. The shell has a vent hole located between the upper and lower ends of the liquid collecting sleeve. This gas-liquid separation device can alleviate the technical problems of existing gas-liquid separators, such as easy clogging and a narrow applicable operating range. However, this device relies solely on the collision of gas mist with the baffle plate and the serrated liquid collecting pipe, followed by gravity settling to collect the gas mist. This method has a low separation factor for small-diameter gas mists, and the separation efficiency needs improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex centrifugal gas-liquid separator with a reasonable and compact structure and good separation effect, in view of the above-mentioned technical status.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problems is as follows: a large-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex-guided centrifugal gas-liquid separator, comprising a shell, characterized in that: the shell is provided with a guide cylinder, an exhaust inner cylinder, a flow stabilizer, a first-stage guide vane and a second-stage guide vane, an exhaust port is provided at the top of the shell, an air inlet is provided on the upper side wall of the shell, and a liquid outlet is provided at the bottom of the shell, the flow stabilizer is provided in the lower part of the shell, the exhaust inner cylinder is provided in the center of the shell and above the flow stabilizer, the upper end of the exhaust inner cylinder extends out of the exhaust port, the guide cylinder is coaxially provided outside the middle and lower part of the exhaust inner cylinder, the first-stage guide vane is provided between the upper outer wall of the exhaust inner cylinder and the inner wall of the shell, the second-stage guide vane is provided between the middle outer wall of the exhaust inner cylinder and the inner wall of the shell, an annular outer separation cavity is formed between the guide cylinder and the inner wall of the shell, and an inner separation cavity is formed between the guide cylinder and the exhaust inner cylinder.

[0007] As an improvement, the shell includes a cylindrical body, an upper body with a reduced diameter at the upper end of the body, a transition frustum between the upper body and the body, a funnel-shaped conical section at the lower end of the body, an air inlet radially disposed on the upper side wall of the upper body, an exhaust port coaxially disposed on the top of the upper body, and a liquid outlet disposed at the bottom of the conical section.

[0008] Furthermore, the exhaust inner cylinder is divided into an upper section, a middle section, and a lower section, with the diameter of the upper section < the diameter of the middle section < the diameter of the lower section, and the length of the upper section > the length of the lower section > the length of the middle section. The upper and middle sections, and the middle and lower sections, are connected and transitioned by a frustum. The diameter of the upper section matches the diameter of the exhaust port of the shell, and the bottom of the exhaust inner cylinder has an outward expansion structure.

[0009] Furthermore, the lower end of the guide tube is flush with or at the same height as the lower end of the exhaust inner tube, and the lower end of the guide tube is provided with an outward expansion structure.

[0010] Furthermore, the primary guide vanes are disposed between the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the shell and the outer wall of the upper section of the exhaust cylinder, below the air inlet, and the secondary guide vanes are disposed between the inner wall of the lower transition truncated cone of the shell and the middle section of the exhaust cylinder, and are all evenly distributed along the annular channel between the outer wall of the guide cylinder and the exhaust cylinder.

[0011] Furthermore, the primary and secondary guide vanes are fixed swirl vanes with the same swirl direction, and the installation angle of the vanes can be adjusted according to the processing air volume.

[0012] Finally, the flow stabilizer is positioned above the conical section of the housing and is coaxial with the flow guide tube.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0014] I. Double-layer separation chamber structure: A coaxial guide tube and an exhaust inner tube are installed inside the shell. The guide tube and the inner wall of the shell form an annular outer separation chamber, while the guide tube and the central inner tube form an inner separation chamber. The outer and inner separation chambers work together to achieve two-stage swirling separation, avoiding the drawback of excessively large cylinder diameters under high airflow conditions, which results in condensed mist having an excessively long radial movement path within the cylinder and failing to collide with the inner wall. This improves the efficiency of the gas-liquid separator in large-diameter, high-airflow processing equipment while reducing airflow disturbance within the gas-liquid separator and lowering the equipment height.

[0015] II. Enhanced Separation with Two-Stage Swirl Guides: Through the synergistic effect of the first and second stage guide vanes, a stable swirling flow field is formed under low pressure loss, achieving efficient centrifugal separation without increasing the equipment diameter. It is suitable for high air volume conditions and can effectively separate small-diameter droplets.

[0016] 3. Low resistance and anti-clogging design: It adopts the principle of fillerless obstruction centrifugal separation, without the easily clogged wire mesh / baffle structure, which can operate stably for a long time and will not cause the pipeline pressure to rise due to the accumulation of material impurities, particles and liquid in the gas.

[0017] Fourth, the present invention has a reasonable and compact structure and strong adaptability. Through the design of the guide tube and the staged flow guide, it effectively improves the separation utilization rate per unit volume, while reducing the overall size of the equipment, reducing the equipment footprint and manufacturing cost. At the same time, it can be adapted to different separation materials by adjusting the blade angle, and adapt to the working conditions of large air volume, low pressure and easy blockage of chemical waste gas. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the gas-liquid flow direction according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] like Figures 1-3As shown, a high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex-guided centrifugal gas-liquid separator includes a housing 1. Inside the housing 1 are a guide tube 3, an exhaust inner cylinder 2, a flow stabilizer 6, a first-stage guide vane 4, and a second-stage guide vane 5. The top of the housing 1 has an exhaust port 1b, the upper side wall of the housing 1 has an air inlet 1a, and the bottom of the housing 1 has a liquid outlet 1c. The flow stabilizer 6 is located in the lower part of the housing 1. The exhaust inner cylinder 2 is located in the center of the housing 1, above the flow stabilizer 6, with its upper end extending out of the exhaust port 1b. The guide tube 3 is coaxially arranged outside the middle and lower part of the exhaust inner cylinder 2. The first-stage guide vane 4 is located between the upper outer wall of the exhaust inner cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the housing 1. The second-stage guide vane 5 is located between the middle outer wall of the exhaust inner cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the housing 1. The guide tube 3 and the inner wall of the housing 1 form an annular outer separation cavity, and the guide tube 3 and the exhaust inner cylinder 2 form an inner separation cavity.

[0023] The specific structure is as follows: the shell 1 includes a cylindrical body 11, with a narrowed upper body 12 at the upper end of the body 11. A transition frustum 13 is provided between the upper body 12 and the body 11. The lower end of the body 11 is a funnel-shaped conical section 14. An air inlet 1a is radially disposed on the upper side wall of the upper body 12, an exhaust port 1b is coaxially disposed on the top of the upper body 12, and a liquid outlet 1c is disposed at the bottom of the conical section 14. The transition frustum 13 is used to guide the airflow into the annular outer separation chamber of the shell 1, while accelerating the airflow and improving the centrifugal separation effect. The conical section 14 has an inverted conical structure, used to collect the separated liquid and discharge it through the liquid outlet at the bottom.

[0024] The exhaust inner cylinder 2 is divided into an upper section 21, a middle section 22 and a lower section 23, with the diameter of the upper section 21 < the diameter of the middle section 22 < the diameter of the lower section 23, and the length of the upper section 21 > the length of the lower section 23 > the length of the middle section 22. The upper section 21 and the middle section 22, and the middle section 22 and the lower section 23 are connected and transitioned by a frustum. The diameter of the upper section 21 matches the diameter of the exhaust port 1b of the shell 1. The bottom of the exhaust inner cylinder 2 has an outward expansion structure.

[0025] The lower end of the guide tube 3 is flush with or at the same height as the lower end of the exhaust inner tube 2. The lower end of the guide tube 3 has an outward expansion structure, and the upper end of the guide tube 3 is inclined and folded inward, flush with the upper middle section of the exhaust inner tube 2. The lower opening of the guide tube 3 is located above the flow stabilizer 6, so that the airflow separated by the inner and outer dual-stage separation chambers flows upward after being rectified by the flow stabilizer 6 and is discharged from the exhaust port 1b.

[0026] The flow stabilizer 6 is positioned above the tapered section 14 of the housing 1 and is coaxial with the flow guide tube 3.

[0027] The primary guide vane 4 is located between the inner wall of the upper cylinder 12 of the housing 1 and the outer wall of the upper section 21 of the exhaust inner cylinder 2, below the air inlet 1a. The secondary guide vane 5 is located between the lower inner wall of the transition frustum 13 of the housing 1 and the middle section 22 of the exhaust inner cylinder 2, and both are evenly distributed along the annular channel between the outer wall of the guide cylinder 3 and the exhaust inner cylinder 2. The primary guide vane 4 and the secondary guide vane 5 are fixed swirl vanes with the same swirl direction, and the installation angle of the vanes can be adjusted according to the processing air volume, so that the airflow forms a stable swirl field in the annular channel.

[0028] The working principle is as follows: After the liquid-containing waste gas enters the upper cylinder 12 through the radial inlet 1a, it first collides with the upper section 21 of the inner exhaust cylinder 2, and then collides multiple times with the first-stage guide vane 4. The tiny gas mist condenses into larger droplets through the collision, and the airflow forms a swirling effect. The airflow passes through the transition frustum 13 and enters the area of ​​the second-stage guide vane 5, further enhancing the swirling effect and the impact and condensation effect of the gas mist. Subsequently, the rotating airflow enters the inner and outer separation chambers separated by the guide cylinder 3. In the outer separation chamber, the large-diameter droplets move towards the inner wall of the shell 1 by centrifugal force, and after contacting the inner wall of the shell 1, they gather into liquid and flow downward. In the inner separator chamber, the large-diameter droplets move towards the inner wall of the guide cylinder 3 by centrifugal force, and after contacting the inner wall of the guide cylinder 3, they gather into liquid and flow downward. The lower section of the inner exhaust cylinder 2 and the guide cylinder 3 has an outward expansion structure to prevent the droplets from short-circuiting with the airflow and flowing out of the inner exhaust cylinder 2. The gas and liquid separated by gas-liquid separation are rectified by the flow stabilizer 6 to eliminate swirling, and flow upward in a stable axial flow, finally being discharged from the top exhaust port 1b; all the separated liquids collect along the inner wall of the shell 1 and the wall of the conical section 14, and are discharged from the bottom drain port 1c, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 .

[0029] Typically, the high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex centrifugal gas-liquid separator of this application can achieve an air volume of up to 50,000 Nm³. 3 With a flow rate of over / min, a resistance loss of less than 900 kPa, and a separation efficiency between 95% and 99.9%.

[0030] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex-guided centrifugal gas-liquid separator, comprising a housing, characterized in that: The housing contains a flow guide tube, an exhaust inner tube, a flow stabilizer, a primary flow guide vane, and a secondary flow guide vane. The top of the housing has an exhaust port, the upper side wall of the housing has an air inlet, and the bottom of the housing has a drain port. The flow stabilizer is located in the lower part of the housing. The exhaust inner tube is located in the center of the housing, above the flow stabilizer, with its upper end extending out of the exhaust port. The flow guide tube is coaxially located outside the lower middle part of the exhaust inner tube. The primary flow guide vane is located between the upper outer wall of the exhaust inner tube and the inner wall of the housing. The secondary flow guide vane is located between the middle outer wall of the exhaust inner tube and the inner wall of the housing. The flow guide tube and the inner wall of the housing form an annular outer separation cavity, and the flow guide tube and the exhaust inner tube form an inner separation cavity.

2. The high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex centrifugal gas-liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell includes a cylindrical body with a narrowed upper body at the upper end. A transition frustum is provided between the upper body and the cylindrical body. The lower end of the cylindrical body is a funnel-shaped conical section. The air inlet is radially located on the upper side wall of the upper body, the exhaust port is coaxially located on the top of the upper body, and the liquid outlet is located at the bottom of the conical section.

3. The high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex centrifugal gas-liquid separator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The exhaust inner cylinder is divided into an upper section, a middle section, and a lower section, with the diameter of the upper section < the diameter of the middle section < the diameter of the lower section, and the length of the upper section > the length of the lower section > the length of the middle section. The upper and middle sections, and the middle and lower sections, are connected and transitioned by a frustum. The diameter of the upper section matches the diameter of the exhaust port of the outer cylinder, and the bottom of the exhaust inner cylinder has an outward expansion structure.

4. The high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex centrifugal gas-liquid separator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower end of the guide tube is flush with or at the same height as the lower end of the exhaust inner tube, and the lower end of the guide tube is provided with an outward expansion structure.

5. The high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex centrifugal gas-liquid separator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The primary guide vanes are located between the inner wall of the upper cylinder of the shell and the outer wall of the upper section of the exhaust cylinder, below the air inlet. The secondary guide vanes are located between the inner wall of the transition frustum of the shell and the middle section of the exhaust cylinder, and are evenly distributed along the annular channel between the outer wall of the guide cylinder and the exhaust cylinder.

6. The high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex centrifugal gas-liquid separator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The primary and secondary guide vanes are fixed swirl vanes with the same swirl direction, and the installation angle of the vanes is adjusted according to the processing air volume.

7. The high-volume, low-resistance, two-stage vortex centrifugal gas-liquid separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The flow stabilizer is located above the conical section of the housing and is coaxial with the flow guide tube.

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