Railway flat car underframe beam straightening device and method

Abstract

The application provides a beam shaping device and method for a railway open wagon underframe, wherein the device part comprises a workbench and multiple groups of jacking assemblies; the workbench is provided with positioning structures and limiting structures to lock the underframe on the workbench. Each group of jacking assemblies comprises a locating seat, a top plate and two linear drive components; the top plate is arranged on the upper side of the locating seat and adopts an upward convex arc surface structure; the two linear drive components are arranged on the locating seat and are respectively connected with the two ends of the top plate; each linear drive component is electrically connected with a controller to control the stopping time of the linear drive component. The end of the top plate is provided with a strip-shaped hole, and the power output end of the linear drive component is provided with a convex shaft embedded in the strip-shaped hole to ensure the shaping adjustment of the top plate relative to the underframe. The beam shaping device and method for the railway open wagon underframe can improve the beam shaping efficiency and effect of the railway open wagon underframe, reduce the labor input and lower the repair cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of railway open wagon maintenance technology, specifically relating to a crossbeam shaping device and method for railway open wagon underframe. Background Technology

[0002] Railway freight open wagons, especially C70 type open wagons, typically have multiple crossbeams in their underframes as key load-bearing and support structures. Under long-term high-load operation and complex environmental conditions, these crossbeams are prone to varying degrees of sagging and deformation. To ensure the structural safety of the vehicle and the flatness of the subsequent floor paving, these deformed beams need to be reshaped during maintenance.

[0003] In existing technologies, the adjustment and repair of crossbeams mainly rely on manual operation, specifically using a single hydraulic jacking device for localized jacking. These methods typically require adjusting the jacking components one by one according to the deformation of each crossbeam, and performing reshaping treatment sequentially. The efficiency and quality of the adjustment and repair work largely depend on the experience and skill level of the operators.

[0004] The inventors discovered that the aforementioned traditional adjustment methods suffer from drawbacks such as low efficiency, difficulty in guaranteeing accuracy, and high dependence on personnel experience. Specifically, the one-by-one operation mode makes the adjustment of dozens of crossbeams on a single vehicle too time-consuming, becoming a bottleneck in the maintenance process; the manually controlled lifting force and stroke are difficult to quantify and standardize precisely, resulting in poor flatness consistency of each crossbeam after adjustment, directly affecting the quality and efficiency of subsequent floor installation; at the same time, this method is labor-intensive and energy-intensive, keeping adjustment costs high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a device and method for shaping crossbeams for railway open wagon underframes, aiming to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of crossbeam shaping for railway open wagon underframes, while reducing manpower input and lowering maintenance costs.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted in this application is as follows: A crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframes is provided, comprising: A worktable for supporting a base frame, such that each crossbeam is positioned above the worktable; the worktable has a positioning structure for engaging with the base frame, and a limiting structure for restricting movement of the base frame relative to the worktable; and Multiple sets of lifting components are set on the worktable and correspond one-to-one with the multiple crossbeams; The lifting assembly includes: The positioning seat is located on the upper side of the worktable; A top plate, disposed on the upper side of the opposing seat, has its length direction parallel to the length direction of the corresponding crossbeam; the upper surface of the top plate adopts an upwardly convex arc structure so that when the top plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the crossbeam, there is a vertical distance between the two ends of the top plate and the crossbeam; and Two linear drive components are both mounted on the positioning seat and are respectively connected to both ends of the top plate; each linear drive component is electrically connected to a controller, and when the crossbeam deforms to the point where the end of the top plate is connected to the crossbeam, the corresponding controller controls the linear drive component to stop. The top plate has a strip-shaped hole extending along its length at one end, and the power output end of the linear drive member has a convex shaft fitted into the strip-shaped hole, so that the top plate has a degree of freedom to swing relative to the linear drive member with the convex shaft as the axis, and a degree of freedom to move relative to the linear drive member along the length direction of the strip-shaped hole.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the linear drive component is a first linear cylinder fixedly mounted on the upper side of the positioning seat, and the controller is a proximity switch fixedly mounted at the end of the top plate. The power output axis of the first linear cylinder is parallel to the vertical direction, and the cam is fixedly installed on the upper end of the power output axis of the first linear cylinder; the proximity switch is electrically connected to the control module of the first linear cylinder to send a stop signal to the first linear cylinder.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the positioning seat is slidably disposed on the upper side of the worktable, so that the positioning seat has the degree of freedom to move along the width direction of the beam; The top plate has side panels on both sides facing the width direction of the crossbeam, and the upper end of the side panels has a guide portion that bends outward along the width direction of the crossbeam.

[0009] In one possible implementation, a reset structure is provided between the alignment seat and the worktable to give the alignment seat an elastic degree of freedom to move relative to the worktable along the width direction of the beam; Furthermore, a stop structure is provided between the alignment seat and the worktable to restrict the movement of the alignment seat relative to the worktable along the length direction of the crossbeam.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the stop structure includes: Two baffles are fixedly installed on both sides of the positioning seat facing the length direction of the crossbeam, so as to abut against both sides of the positioning seat and restrict the movement of the positioning seat along the length direction of the crossbeam. The reset structure has two sets, and is respectively disposed on the two baffles; each set of the reset structure includes: Two springs are arranged side by side on both sides of the baffle along the width of the beam, and the two ends of each spring are connected to the baffle and the positioning seat respectively.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the lower side of the positioning seat is provided with casters.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the positioning structure includes: A centering seat is fixedly mounted on the worktable, and the centering seat has an upwardly extending positioning pin. The positioning pin is used to insert into the center hole of the base plate to restrict the horizontal movement of the base plate; and Several locking seats are spaced apart around the centering seat on the worktable. Each locking seat has a groove on its upper side for the base frame to be inserted into, and the groove extends through both sides of the locking seat in the direction toward the centering seat. In the horizontal direction of the groove penetration, the inner wall of the groove is an inclined surface that slopes inward from top to bottom.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the limiting structure includes: A swing seat is fixedly mounted on the worktable, and the swing seat has a swing arm hinged thereto; and The second linear cylinder is hinged to the upper side of the worktable, and the hinge axis is parallel to the hinge axis of the swing seat. The power output end of the second linear cylinder is hinged to one end of the swing seat, so that when the second linear cylinder is started, the swing arm swings to a horizontal or vertical state. The end of the swing arm away from the power output end of the second linear cylinder has a bent portion, and when the swing arm is in the horizontal state, the bent portion is used to abut against the upper side of the base frame to restrict the movement of the base frame relative to the worktable.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the side of the bend has a wear plate for contacting the base frame.

[0015] In this embodiment, multiple lifting components correspond one-to-one with each crossbeam of the base frame, enabling the device to simultaneously apply force to shape all crossbeams, thus transforming the operation from single-point serial work to overall parallel work. The upper surface of the top plate of each lifting component features an upwardly convex arc surface with a specific curvature. The height of the apex of this arc surface is designed to be equal to or slightly greater than the plastic deformation required for the crossbeam to return to a straight state. When the top plate rises, the apex of its arc surface first contacts and lifts the most severely deformed central area of ​​the crossbeam, while the two ends maintain a distance from the beam. The strip holes at both ends of the top plate interlock with the convex shafts at the output ends of the linear drive components, giving the top plate the freedom to move horizontally and swing, thereby adapting to the initial bending state of the crossbeam and ensuring that the lifting force is effectively transmitted vertically, avoiding the generation of horizontal components that could cause lateral displacement of the crossbeam.

[0016] The core of the aforementioned structure lies in achieving "superelastic shaping under safe limits." During the shaping process, two linear drive components push the two ends of the top plate upwards synchronously, and the curved surface of the top plate forces the middle of the crossbeam to undergo plastic deformation upwards. Only when the crossbeam is lifted to a near-flat state will the two ends of the top plate successively contact the beam; once contact is made, the controller at the corresponding end immediately stops the drive on that side to prevent the lifting force from continuously increasing. At this point, the deformation of the crossbeam is limited by the height of the curved surface, ensuring that it remains within a safe range that the material can withstand, allowing it to stably recover its flatness without cracking or over-strengthening. The entire shaping process is pre-defined by the physical contour of the top plate, and precise judgment and termination of the crossbeam's flatness state are achieved through independent closed-loop control at both ends.

[0017] The beam shaping device provided in this embodiment, compared with the prior art, can achieve efficient and one-time shaping of all beams of the railway open wagon underframe by using multiple sets of lifting components to operate in parallel, combined with a top plate structure with a preset safety deformation as the arc height and independent closed-loop control at both ends. It completely replaces the traditional method that relies on manual experience judgment, point-by-point operation, and carries the risk of overpressure. It not only increases the shaping efficiency several times, but more importantly, through the combination of mechanical and electrical control, it ensures that the shaping amount of each beam is accurate, consistent, and within a safe range. This guarantees the structural integrity, flatness consistency, and long-term fatigue performance of the beams after shaping, providing a high-quality foundation for subsequent processes and significantly reducing the intensity of work and skill dependence.

[0018] The technical solution adopted in this application also provides a method for shaping the crossbeam of a railway open wagon underframe, based on the crossbeam shaping device for a railway open wagon underframe proposed in any of the foregoing claims, including the following steps: Adjust the positioning structure and the limiting structure to the open state, and ensure that each set of lifting components is in the initial position and the unlifted state; The railway open wagon underframe is moved to the upper side of the workbench, and the underframe is supported by the positioning structure; Adjust the positioning structure to restrict the horizontal movement of the base frame; Adjust the limiting structure to restrict the vertical movement of the base frame; Simultaneously activate multiple sets of the aforementioned lifting components; Stop and reset multiple sets of the lifting components; The positioning structure and the limiting structure are readjusted to the open state; Remove the base frame and complete the beam shaping.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the method for shaping the crossbeam of the railway open wagon underframe provided in this embodiment are the same as those of the aforementioned device for shaping the crossbeam of the railway open wagon underframe, and will not be repeated here. Attached Figure Description

[0020] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0021] Figure 1 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the beam shaping device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is the second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the beam shaping device provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of a portion of the upper circle at point A; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting structure used in the embodiments of this application; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the limiting structure used in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the lifting assembly used in the embodiments of this application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the spring and baffle used in the embodiments of this application; Figure 8 This is a second three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the lifting assembly used in the embodiments of this application; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the top plate and linear drive component used in the embodiments of this application in a combined state; Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the linear drive component used in the embodiments of this application; Figure 11 This is an exploded view of the top plate used in the embodiments of this application; Figure 12 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the top plate used in the embodiments of this application; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram showing the electrical connection relationship between the linear drive component and the controller used in the embodiments of this application; Figure 14 This is an exploded view of the positioning structure used in the embodiments of this application; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Worktable; 2. Positioning structure; 21. Centering seat; 211. Positioning pin; 22. Locking seat; 221. Groove; 3. Limiting structure; 31. Swing seat; 311. Swing arm; 312. Bending part; 313. Wear plate; 32. Second linear cylinder; 4. Alignment seat; 41. Caster wheel; 5. Top plate; 51. Side panel; 511. Guide part; 52. Strip hole; 6. Linear drive component; 61. Protruding shaft; 7. Spring; 8. Baffle; 10. Controller. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects to be solved by this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0023] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another component, it can be directly on or indirectly on that other component. When a component is referred to as being "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to that other component.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0025] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0026] Please refer to the following: Figures 1 to 14The crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframes provided in this application will now be described. The crossbeam shaping device proposed in this application includes a workbench 1 and multiple sets of lifting components.

[0027] Workbench 1 is used to support the railway open wagon underframe to be shaped, and to ensure that each crossbeam on the underframe is above workbench 1. In this embodiment, the length direction of the crossbeam is defined as the left-right direction; correspondingly, after the underframe is fixed above workbench 1, the length direction of the underframe is the front-back direction.

[0028] The workbench 1 is provided with a positioning structure 2 for contacting and positioning with the base frame, and a limiting structure 3 for restricting the movement of the base frame relative to the workbench 1.

[0029] Multiple lifting components are set on the workbench 1, and the number of sets corresponds one-to-one with the number of crossbeams; in this embodiment, each lifting component includes a positioning seat 4, a top plate 5, and two linear drive components 6.

[0030] The alignment seat 4 is located on the upper side of the workbench 1, directly below the crossbeam.

[0031] The top plate 5 is located on the upper side of the mounting base 4, and its length direction is parallel to the length direction of the corresponding crossbeam. In this embodiment, the upper side of the top plate 5 adopts an upwardly raised arc surface structure; this design ensures that when the top plate 5 rises and contacts the bottom surface of the crossbeam, the apex of its arc surface first abuts the middle of the crossbeam, while the two ends of the top plate 5 maintain a vertical distance from the bottom surface of the crossbeam.

[0032] Both linear drive components 6 are mounted on the alignment seat 4 and connected to both ends of the top plate 5 respectively. Each linear drive component 6 is electrically connected to an independent controller 10.

[0033] After the crossbeam is lifted to a straight position, it can also arch upwards to fit the upper side of the top plate 5, so that the end of the top plate 5 contacts the crossbeam, thereby enabling the controller 10 corresponding to that end to control the linear drive component 6 to stop operating.

[0034] To achieve adaptive deformation of the top plate 5 and the crossbeam, a strip-shaped hole 52 extending along its length is provided at each end of the top plate 5. Each linear drive component 6 has a convex shaft 61 embedded in the corresponding strip-shaped hole 52 at its power output end. This structure gives the top plate 5 two degrees of freedom of motion: first, the top plate 5 can swing slightly about the convex shaft 61 to conform to the initial tilt of the bottom surface of the crossbeam; second, the top plate 5 can slide horizontally relative to the convex shaft 61 along the length of the strip-shaped hole 52 to compensate for any small horizontal displacement that the crossbeam may experience during the lifting process.

[0035] In the embodiments of this application, the one-to-one correspondence between multiple sets of lifting components and each crossbeam of the base frame enables the device to simultaneously apply force to shape all crossbeams, realizing a fundamental transformation from traditional single-point serial operation to overall parallel and efficient operation.

[0036] The curved surface structure with a specific curvature on the upper side of the top plate 5 is the core of this device for achieving safe and controllable shaping. The height of the apex of this curved surface has been precisely calculated and designed, and its value is equal to or slightly greater than the minimum plastic deformation required to restore the bent crossbeam to a straight state. During the lifting process, the apex of the curved surface first contacts and lifts the middle area of ​​the crossbeam where the deformation is most severe, forcing the material in that area to undergo plastic deformation; while no force is applied to the two ends of the top plate 5 due to the gap between them.

[0037] The top plate 5 is connected to the linear drive component 6 at both ends through the slot 52 and the cam 61. This design gives the top plate 5 the necessary swing and horizontal sliding freedom, enabling it to adapt to the initial bending posture and possible offset of the crossbeam, ensuring that the lifting force is mainly transmitted in the vertical direction, effectively avoiding harmful horizontal component forces caused by excessive constraints, and preventing the crossbeam from lateral slippage or additional stress during the shaping process.

[0038] The aforementioned structure collectively achieves the "super-elastic shaping under physical constraints" process. Its working principle is as follows: two linear drive components 6 push the two ends of the top plate 5 upwards synchronously, and the arc surface of the top plate 5 forces the middle of the crossbeam to undergo controllable plastic deformation upwards. As the crossbeam is gradually flattened, the two ends of the top plate 5 will sequentially contact the beam; once one end contacts the beam, the controller 10 on that side immediately instructs the corresponding linear drive component 6 to stop. At this point, the overall deformation of the crossbeam is preset and limited by the physical height of the arc surface of the top plate 5, ensuring that the deformation is controlled within the safe range that the material can withstand, thus restoring straightness while avoiding material damage or hidden cracks caused by excessive plastic deformation. The entire process uses the geometric contour of the top plate 5 to preset the upper limit of deformation, and with the help of independent sensing and control at both ends, it achieves accurate judgment of the straightness of the crossbeam and termination of the operation.

[0039] The beam shaping device provided in this embodiment, compared with the prior art, achieves efficient, one-time, safe and reliable shaping of all beams of the railway open wagon underframe through a parallel operation architecture of multiple lifting components, a pre-set safe deformation arc-shaped top plate 5 structure, and an independent closed-loop control system at both ends. It completely replaces the traditional process that relies on operator experience, manual operation point by point, and carries the risk of overpressure. It not only increases the shaping efficiency several times, but more importantly, through electromechanical integration, it ensures that the shaping amount of each beam is accurate, consistent, and within the material safety range. This guarantees the structural integrity, flatness consistency, and long-term fatigue resistance of the beams after shaping, providing high-quality basic components for subsequent final assembly processes, and significantly reducing the workload and reliance on highly skilled personnel.

[0040] In some embodiments, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 13 As shown, the linear drive component 6 is a first linear cylinder fixedly installed on the upper side of the positioning seat 4, and the controller 10 is a proximity switch fixedly installed at the end of the top plate 5.

[0041] The power output shaft of the first linear cylinder is parallel to the vertical direction, and the aforementioned convex shaft 61 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the power output shaft. The proximity switch is electrically connected to the electromagnetic control valve of the first linear cylinder; when the crossbeam is lifted to the end of the contact plate 5, the proximity switch at that end will be triggered, and the proximity switch will then send an electrical signal to the control valve, causing the first linear cylinder to stop and maintain pressure.

[0042] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 As shown, the mounting base 4 is slidably disposed on the upper side of the worktable 1, giving it the freedom to move along the width direction of the beam (i.e., perpendicular to the length direction of the beam).

[0043] Side panels 51 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top plate 5 facing the width direction of the crossbeam. Each side panel 51 has a guide portion 511 at its upper end that bends outward along the width direction of the crossbeam. This guide portion 511 can help guide the bottom edge of the crossbeam to align with the top plate 5 during the initial placement or shaping of the crossbeam, thereby accommodating installation errors of the crossbeam in the front-back direction.

[0044] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a reset structure is provided between the alignment seat 4 and the worktable 1, so that the alignment seat 4 has an elastic degree of freedom to move relative to the worktable 1 along the width direction of the beam, so as to buffer the deviation during the initial alignment.

[0045] Furthermore, a stop structure is provided between the alignment seat 4 and the worktable 1 to limit any movement of the alignment seat 4 relative to the worktable 1 along the length of the crossbeam, ensuring the accuracy of the direction of the lifting force.

[0046] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the stop structure includes two baffles 8.

[0047] Two baffles 8 are fixedly installed on the workbench 1 and located on both sides of the alignment seat 4 along the length of the crossbeam. They restrict the movement of the alignment seat 4 along the length by directly abutting against the side of the alignment seat 4.

[0048] There are two sets of reset structures, each corresponding to one of the two baffles 8. Therefore, each set of reset structures includes two springs 7.

[0049] Two springs 7 are arranged side by side on both sides of the baffle 8 along the width of the beam. One end of each spring 7 is connected to the baffle 8, and the other end is connected to the side of the mounting seat 4.

[0050] In actual use, the preload of spring 7 keeps the positioning seat 4 in the middle position in the width direction, and can elastically shift when subjected to lateral force, and can be reset under the action of elastic force after shifting.

[0051] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, a caster wheel 41 is installed on the lower side of the positioning seat 4 to achieve rolling contact between the positioning seat 4 and the upper side of the worktable 1. The caster wheel 41 also facilitates fine-tuning or moving of the lifting assembly when not in operation.

[0052] In some embodiments, such as Figure 14 As shown, the positioning structure 2 includes a centering seat 21 and several locking seats 22.

[0053] The centering base 21 is fixedly installed in the center area of ​​the workbench 1. The centering base 21 has a positioning pin 211 extending vertically upward, which is used to precisely insert into the center hole of the center plate of the base frame, thereby limiting any movement of the base frame in the horizontal direction and achieving precise positioning.

[0054] Several locking seats 22 are arranged at intervals around the centering seat 21 on the worktable 1; in this embodiment, there are two locking seats 22, which are located on the front and rear sides of the centering seat 21 respectively.

[0055] Each locking seat 22 has a groove 221 on its upper side, which extends through both sides of the locking seat 22 in the direction toward the centering seat 21. During the locking phase, the corresponding beam or side beam of this base frame can be embedded in the groove 221.

[0056] Among them, on the horizontal plane perpendicular to the through direction of the groove 221, the two inner sidewalls of the groove 221 are inclined surfaces that gradually converge inward from top to bottom. This inclined surface design can generate a downward component force on the embedded bottom frame component, helping it to sit stably on the worktable 1.

[0057] In some embodiments, such as Figures 2 to 5 As shown, the limiting structure 3 includes a swing seat 31 and a second linear cylinder 32.

[0058] The swing seat 31 is fixedly installed on the worktable 1. The swing seat 31 is hinged with a swing arm 311, and the hinge axis is parallel to the front and back directions.

[0059] The rear end of the cylinder body of the second linear cylinder 32 is hinged to the upper side of the worktable 1, and its hinge axis is parallel to the hinge axis of the swing arm 311. Furthermore, the power output end of the second linear cylinder 32 is hinged to one end of the swing arm 311 in the front-rear direction.

[0060] When the second linear cylinder 32 extends or retracts, it can drive the swing arm 311 to swing between a vertical and a horizontal state around its hinge axis.

[0061] In addition, the end of the swing arm 311 away from the cylinder has a downwardly bent portion 312; when the swing arm 311 is driven to a horizontal state, its bent portion 312 presses down against the upper side of the base frame, thereby restricting the vertical movement of the base frame relative to the worktable 1 and preventing it from being lifted during the lifting process.

[0062] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a wear plate 313 is installed on the side of the bent part 312 that contacts the base frame. This wear plate 313 is made of wear-resistant material and is used to directly contact the base frame to reduce wear on the base frame surface and improve the service life of the limiting structure 3 itself.

[0063] Based on the same inventive concept, this application also provides a method for shaping crossbeams for railway open wagon underframes. This method is performed using the railway open wagon underframe crossbeam shaping device of any of the foregoing embodiments, and specifically includes the following steps: First, adjust the positioning structure 2 and the limiting structure 3 to the open state (i.e., the positioning pin 211 is not exposed and the swing arm 311 is in the upright state), and adjust all lifting components to the initial position and in the unlifted state.

[0064] Subsequently, the railway open wagon underframe to be shaped is hoisted or moved above the workbench 1 and lowered, so that it is initially supported by the positioning structure 2 and the locking seat 22.

[0065] Next, the movement of the base frame in the horizontal plane is precisely restricted by the positioning structure 2 (by pressing down or inserting the positioning pin 211).

[0066] Then, the drive limiting structure 3 (such as the second linear cylinder 32) is driven to swing the swing arm 311 to a horizontal position, and the bending part 312 presses against the upper surface of the base frame to restrict its vertical movement.

[0067] Once preparations are complete, the linear drive components 6 of all lifting components are activated simultaneously to drive each top plate 5 to rise synchronously and perform parallel shaping of all crossbeams. When any end of any top plate 5 contacts a crossbeam and triggers the controller 10, the drive at that end stops until all drives stop according to preset conditions, thus completing the shaping.

[0068] After the shaping is completed, the linear drive component 6 that controls all lifting components descends and resets synchronously.

[0069] Next, the limiting structure 3 and the positioning structure 2 are readjusted to the open state.

[0070] Finally, the shaped base frame is removed from workbench 1, completing the entire operation process.

[0071] The method for shaping the crossbeams of railway open wagon underframes provided in this embodiment systematically applies the technical advantages of the aforementioned device through the above-mentioned standardized and procedural steps, achieving efficient, safe, and high-quality batch shaping operations. Its beneficial effects correspond to those of the aforementioned device, and will not be repeated here.

[0072] The above content is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframes, characterized in that, include: A workbench is provided to support the base frame so that each crossbeam is positioned above the workbench; the workbench has a positioning structure for engaging with the base frame, and a limiting structure for restricting the movement of the base frame relative to the workbench; as well as Multiple sets of lifting components are set on the worktable and correspond one-to-one with the multiple crossbeams; The lifting assembly includes: The positioning seat is located on the upper side of the worktable; A top plate, disposed on the upper side of the opposing seat, has its length direction parallel to the length direction of the corresponding crossbeam; the upper surface of the top plate adopts an upwardly convex arc structure so that when the top plate is in contact with the bottom surface of the crossbeam, there is a vertical distance between the two ends of the top plate and the crossbeam; and Two linear drive components are both mounted on the positioning seat and are respectively connected to both ends of the top plate; each linear drive component is electrically connected to a controller, and when the crossbeam deforms to the point where the end of the top plate is connected to the crossbeam, the corresponding controller controls the linear drive component to stop. The top plate has a strip-shaped hole extending along its length at one end, and the power output end of the linear drive member has a convex shaft fitted into the strip-shaped hole, so that the top plate has a degree of freedom to swing relative to the linear drive member with the convex shaft as the axis, and a degree of freedom to move relative to the linear drive member along the length direction of the strip-shaped hole.

2. The crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The linear drive component is a first linear cylinder fixedly mounted on the upper side of the positioning seat, and the controller is a proximity switch fixedly mounted at the end of the top plate. The power output axis of the first linear cylinder is parallel to the vertical direction, and the cam is fixedly installed on the upper end of the power output axis of the first linear cylinder; the proximity switch is electrically connected to the control module of the first linear cylinder to send a stop signal to the first linear cylinder.

3. The crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframes as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The alignment seat is slidably disposed on the upper side of the worktable so that the alignment seat has the freedom to move along the width direction of the crossbeam; The top plate has side panels on both sides facing the width direction of the crossbeam, and the upper end of the side panels has a guide portion that bends outward along the width direction of the crossbeam.

4. The crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframes as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The alignment seat and the worktable have a reset structure so that the alignment seat has an elastic degree of freedom to move relative to the worktable along the width direction of the beam; Furthermore, a stop structure is provided between the alignment seat and the worktable to restrict the movement of the alignment seat relative to the worktable along the length direction of the crossbeam.

5. The crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframes as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The stop structure includes: Two baffles are fixedly installed on both sides of the positioning seat facing the length direction of the crossbeam, so as to abut against both sides of the positioning seat and restrict the movement of the positioning seat along the length direction of the crossbeam. The reset structure has two sets, and is respectively disposed on the two baffles; each set of the reset structure includes: Two springs are arranged side by side on both sides of the baffle along the width of the beam, and the two ends of each spring are connected to the baffle and the positioning seat respectively.

6. The crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframes as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lower side of the positioning seat is equipped with casters.

7. The crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframe as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning structure includes: A centering seat is fixedly mounted on the worktable, and the centering seat has an upwardly extending positioning pin. The positioning pin is used to insert into the center hole of the base plate to restrict the horizontal movement of the base plate; and Several locking seats are spaced apart around the centering seat on the worktable. Each locking seat has a groove on its upper side for the base frame to be inserted into, and the groove extends through both sides of the locking seat in the direction toward the centering seat. In the horizontal direction of the groove penetration, the inner wall of the groove is an inclined surface that slopes inward from top to bottom.

8. The crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframe as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting structure includes: A swing seat is fixedly mounted on the worktable, and the swing seat has a swing arm hinged thereto; and The second linear cylinder is hinged to the upper side of the worktable, and the hinge axis is parallel to the hinge axis of the swing seat. The power output end of the second linear cylinder is hinged to one end of the swing seat, so that when the second linear cylinder is started, the swing arm swings to a horizontal or vertical state. The end of the swing arm away from the power output end of the second linear cylinder has a bent portion, and when the swing arm is in the horizontal state, the bent portion is used to abut against the upper side of the base frame to restrict the movement of the base frame relative to the worktable.

9. The crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframe as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The side of the bent portion has a wear plate for contacting the base frame.

10. A method for shaping crossbeams for railway open wagon underframes, based on the crossbeam shaping device for railway open wagon underframes according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Adjust the positioning structure and the limiting structure to the open state, and ensure that each set of lifting components is in the initial position and the unlifted state; The railway open wagon underframe is moved to the upper side of the workbench, and the underframe is supported by the positioning structure; Adjust the positioning structure to restrict the horizontal movement of the base frame; Adjust the limiting structure to restrict the vertical movement of the base frame; Simultaneously activate multiple sets of the aforementioned lifting components; Stop and reset multiple sets of the lifting components; The positioning structure and the limiting structure are readjusted to the open state; Remove the base frame and complete the beam shaping.

Images